| effect of lead and chromium on reproductive success of japanese quail. | an experimental model based on application of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) lines with high (h) and low (l) concentrations of plasma lactate was designed in order to investigate the effects of lead and chromium on embryonic development and reproductive success of experimental groups representing different genotypes. during the first stage of the trial, mature males from quail lines h and l (marked as generation t) were fed subchronically for 12 weeks with lead as pb(no(3))(2) and c ... | 2004 | 15269915 |
| effect of alfalfa meal in diets of laying quails on performance, egg quality and some serum parameters. | this study was conducted to investigate the effects of increasing levels of alfalfa meal in the diet of laying quails on egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg quality, egg yolk cholesterol and selected serum parameters. in this study, 192, 10-week old quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were evenly distributed to four groups with four replicates of 12 quails each. the control group was fed a basal diet containing 0% alfalfa meal and the remaining groups received 3, 6 or 9% alfal ... | 2004 | 15264674 |
| composition of luminal fluid secreted by the seminiferous tubules and after reabsorption by the extratesticular ducts of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | the present report examines the composition of luminal fluid in the seminiferous tubule (stf), rete testis (rtf), and ductus epididymidis of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). this subject is of particular interest, both because the reproductive ducts are intra-abdominal and because sperm production is more rapid in birds than in mammals. it was interpreted that micropuncture samples of stf contain varying amounts of contamination with intracellular solute, particularly k and prote ... | 2004 | 15215190 |
| two-step consumption of yolk granules during the development of quail embryos. | the mechanism of yolk consumption was studied morphologically and biochemically in japanese quail coturnix japonica. the amount of yolk granules in the yolk (or 'yolk cell') decreased in two steps during embryonic development. in the first step, during days 0-4 of incubation, the yolk-granule weight decreased at a rate of 13 mg/day. this decrease was due to segregation by endodermal cells that were newly formed in the developing yolk sac. in the second step after day 6, the decrease was drastic ... | 2004 | 15206954 |
| photoperiodic response of serotonin- and galanin-immunoreactive neurons of the paraventricular organ and infundibular nucleus in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | we investigated the photoperiodic response of serotonin- and galanin (ga)- immunoreactive (ir) cells in the paraventricular organ (pvo) and infundibular nucleus (if) of the japanese quail and the interaction of these cells with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh)-ir neurons in the hypothalamus. serotonin-ir cells were located in series from the pvo to the if, and were connected with each other. the number of serotonin-ir cells differed significantly between light and dark phases on the short d ... | 2004 | 15170061 |
| effect of dietary dried tomato pulp on oxidative stability of japanese quail meat. | ninety, 21-day-old, japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) divided into three groups with five subgroups each were fed a basal diet that served as control or a basal diet containing 5 or 10% of dried tomato pulp (dtp), a byproduct of the tomato-processing industry. the dtp contained lycopene and beta-carotene at 281 and 24.3 mg kg(-)(1) of dry weight, respectively. on day 42 of age, birds were slaughtered, and carcasses were trimmed for breast meat. to assess the effect of dietary treatment ... | 2004 | 15137843 |
| ascorbic acid and melatonin reduce heat-induced performance inhibition and oxidative stress in japanese quails. | 1. the effects of ascorbic acid (l-ascorbic acid) and melatonin supplementation on performance, carcase characteristics, malondialdehyde (mda) as lipid peroxidation indicator, ascorbic acid, retinol, tocopherol and mineral status in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature were evaluated. 2. two hundred and forty japanese quails (10 d old) were randomly assigned to 8 treatment groups consisting of 10 replicates of three birds each. the birds were kept i ... | 2004 | 15115209 |
| immunocytochemical localization of aromatase in sensory and integrating nuclei of the hindbrain in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the distribution of the estrogen synthesizing enzyme (aromatase) in the hindbrain (rhombencephalon and mesencephalon) of male adult quail was investigated by immunocytochemistry. aromatase-immunoreactive neuronal structures (perikarya and fibers bearing punctate structures) were observed in sensory (trigeminal, solitary tract, vestibular, optic tectum) and integrating (parabrachial, periaqueductal, cerulean, raphe) nuclei. besides the expression of aromatase in these well-delineated nuclei, dens ... | 2004 | 15101089 |
| visual discrimination of normal and drug induced behavior in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the ability to discriminate the physical states of others could be an adaptive behavior, especially for social animals. for example, the ability to discriminate illness behavior would be helpful for avoiding spoiled foods. we report on an experiment with japanese quails testing whether these birds can discriminate the physical states of conspecifics. the quails were trained to discriminate between moving video images of quails injected with psychoactive drugs and those in a normal (not injected) ... | 2004 | 15069613 |
| a modified chorioallantoic membrane assay allows for specific detection of endothelial apoptosis induced by antiangiogenic substances. | current in vivo angiogenesis assays allow for the assessment of vascular growth inhibition induced by a test substance, but they usually do not provide information about the mechanisms underlying such an inhibition. a potential antiangiogenic mechanism is the triggering of endothelial apoptosis in the growing vessels. apoptogenic substances can be of interest for antiangiogenic therapy specially if they specifically perform their action on the angiogenic endothelium. we have developed a modifica ... | 2003 | 15041801 |
| maternal corticosterone is transferred to avian yolk and may alter offspring growth and adult phenotype. | many environmental perturbations may elevate plasma corticosterone in laying birds, including disease, poor body condition, high predator density, anthropogenic disturbance, and/or food scarcity. when adverse conditions are not dire enough to dictate foregoing reproduction, maternal corticosterone in egg yolk may phenotypically engineer offspring so as to maximize success under the constraints of the local environment. we tested the hypotheses that corticosterone in avian egg yolk should correla ... | 2004 | 14723888 |
| relative contributions of the male and the female to sexual behavior and reproductive success in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | two contrasting investigative techniques provided evidence consistent with the interpretation that female quail (coturnix japonica) regulate male copulatory behavior by the duration of their immobility and through this behavioral mechanism they also control the rate of fertilization of their eggs. in experiment 1, copulation tests with males and females from different genetic lines showed that the type of female that participated in a copulatory test significantly influenced the latency of the m ... | 2003 | 14717640 |
| melatonin supplementation can ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat stress on performance and carcass traits of japanese quail. | melatonin, the major pineal hormone, modulates growth in poultry by influencing hormones involved in growth. we investigated the effects of dietary melatonin supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, and excretion of nitrogen and some minerals in broiler japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high-ambient-temperature stress (34 degrees c). one hundred twenty japanese quails (10 d old) were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replicates of 10 birds each. the ... | 2003 | 14716096 |
| the neuroendocrinology of reproductive behavior in japanese quail. | sex steroid hormones such as testosterone have widespread effects on brain physiology and function but one of their best characterized effects arguably involves the activation of male sexual behavior. during the past 20 years we have investigated the testosterone control of male sexual behavior in an avian species, the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). we briefly review here the main features and advantages of this species relating to the investigation of fundamental questions in the field of ... | 2003 | 12963100 |
| behavioural investigation of polarisation sensitivity in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the european starling (sturnus vulgaris). | many animals have sensitivity to the e-vector of linearly polarised light, which may assist in visually mediated behaviours such as navigation, signalling and foraging. however, it is still controversial as to whether birds possess polarisation sensitivity. several studies have found that altering the polarisation patterns of the broad visual field surrounding birds alters their intended migratory orientation. however, electrophysiological tests have failed to elicit evidence for polarisation se ... | 2003 | 12909701 |
| developmental changes in gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) hypothalamo-hypophysial system. | we previously isolated a novel dodecapeptide containing a c-terminal -arg-phe-nh(2) sequence, sikpsaylplrf-nh(2) (rfamide peptide), from the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) brain. this novel quail peptide was shown to be located in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus (pvn) and their terminals in the median eminence (me), and to decrease gonadotropin release from cultured anterior pituitary in adult birds. we therefore designated this peptide gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (gnih). furtherm ... | 2003 | 12904178 |
| in vivo antioxidant properties of vitamin e and chromium in cold-stressed japanese quails. | an experiment was conducted to determine if vitamin e (alpha-tocopherol-acetate) and chromium (chromium picolinate, cr pic) supplementation attenuate the negative effects of cold stress on egg production, egg quality, serum metabolites, and antioxidant status in japanese quails (corurnix coturnix japonica). one hundred and fifty laying japanese quails (50-day-old) were divided into five groups, 30 birds per group. the laying quails kept at 6 degrees c for 12 h/d (08.00 p.m. to 08.00 a.m.) were f ... | 2003 | 12903865 |
| effects of poppy seed meal on egg production and hatching results in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | this study was carried out to determine the effects of poppy seed meal (psm) on the egg production and hatching of quail. two experiments were undertaken. in the first experiment, 240 quail, reared under the same conditions, were divided into four groups of 60 birds each (which were, in turn, subdivided into four subgroups of 15 each for experimental replicates). the first, second, and third experimental groups were fed ratios containing 5%, 15%, and 25% psm, respectively, over 12 weeks. the con ... | 2003 | 12893163 |
| the peri-albumen layer: a novel structure in the envelopes of an avian egg. | the present paper describes a novel structure, termed the peri-albumen layer, in the egg-envelopes of the quail coturnix japonica. it reacts with alcian blue and exists between the egg white and the shell membrane. ultrastructurally, it is of fine granular structure and forms a fenestrate sheet, the width of which is 190 nm or less. isolated materials of the peri-albumen layer include an alcian-blue-positive polysaccharide of 260 kda, and three glycoproteins of 160, 108 and 52 kda. the layer is ... | 2003 | 12892410 |
| effect of feeding time on the reproductive performance of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | several feeding regimens are applied to improve performance of fertile egg production during times of heat stress. during a period of heat stress (34 to 36 degrees c), two feeding periods were used to measure the impact of feeding time on reproductive performance of japanese quail (coturnix cotunix japonica) between 44 and 60 wk of age. each feeding time treatment had 25 individually caged male and female pairs. quail were fed ad libitum between 0600 to 1400 or 1400 to 2200 h daily. results indi ... | 2003 | 12872978 |
| effect of acetyl salicylic acid in drinking water on reproductive performance of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the impact of acetyl salicylic add (asa) on reproductive performance during periods of heat stress was studied in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). during a season when daily high temperatures averaged between 34 and 40 degrees c, four treatments each containing four replicates of five males and five females were given 0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 g/l asa in drinking water from 34 to 45 wk of age. at 39 wk of age control quail were lighter than quail fed asa. quail receiving 1.5 g/l asa exhibi ... | 2003 | 12872976 |
| effect of early feed restriction on reproductive performance in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | reproductive performance of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was evaluated following feed restriction (100, 85, and 70% of ad libitum) between 2 to 5 wk of age with three replicates of 12, 2-wk-old chicks per replicate. body weight, feed conversion, and leucocyte distribution were measured during feed restriction. after experimental feed treatment, bw, age at first egg, egg production, fertility, hatchability, and embryonic mortality were evaluated from five replicates of two females and one m ... | 2003 | 12872974 |
| vitellogenin transport and yolk formation in the quail ovary. | morphological and biochemical investigations were made on the yolk formation in ovaries of the quail coturnix japonica. morphologically, two ways of nutrient uptake were observed in follicles. in small oocytes of white follicles, vitellogenin (vtg) was taken up through fluid-phase endocytosis which was assisted by follicular lining bodies. the lining bodies were produced in follicle cells. they adhered to the lateral cell membrane, moved along the membrane in the direction of the enclosed oocyte ... | 2003 | 12832822 |
| variant of perivitelline membrane glycoprotein zpc of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) lacking its cytoplasmic tail exhibits the retention in the endoplasmic reticulum of chinese hamster ovary (cho-k1) cells. | avian perivitelline membrane, an investment homologous to the mammalian zona pellucida, is composed of at least two glycoproteins. our previous studies demonstrated that one of its components, zpc, which is synthesized in the ovarian granulosa cells, is secreted after carboxy-terminal proteolytic processing, and this event is a prerequisite event for zpc secretion in quail. in the present study, we examined the role of the cytoplasmic tail, which is successfully removed after proteolytic process ... | 2003 | 12801980 |
| effects of probiotics: alone and in a mixture of biosacc plus zinc bacitracin on the caecal microflora of japanese quail. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two commercially available probiotics, alone and in combination with an antibiotic, on the caecal flora of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) reared under unstressed conditions. thirty-four 90-day-old japanese quail were selected for this study. the birds were divided into four groups, two groups of nine birds and two groups of eight birds. the animals in these groups were given feed containing 0.5 kg per tonne of probiotics alone ... | 2003 | 12801457 |
| dietary vitamin c and folic acid supplementation ameliorates the detrimental effects of heat stress in japanese quail. | we evaluated the effects of vitamin c (l-ascorbic acid) and folic acid supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and concentrations of the oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (mda), homocysteine], adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth), vitamins c, e, a, b-12 and folic acid, and mineral status in broiler japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature (34 degrees c, 8 h/d, 0900-1700 h). the birds (n = 150; 10-d-old) kept at 34 degrees c were fed a ... | 2003 | 12771333 |
| retinoids, lrat and reh activities in eggs of japanese quail following maternal and in ovo exposures to 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl. | environmental monitoring for the effects of organochlorine contaminants has identified changes in egg yolk retinoid concentrations, however underlying mechanisms are unknown. breeding female japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, received 3 bimonthly injections of a low dose (5 microg/g) of the coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl. no overt maternal toxicity or embryotoxicity was detected. for the exposed females, oocytes (yolk deposition nearly completed) a ... | 2016 | 12739853 |
| extinction of conditioned sexual responses in male japanese quail (coturnix japonica): role of species-typical cues. | the authors examined how a conditioned stimulus (cs) that included species-typical cues affected the acquisition and extinction of conditioned sexual responses in male quail (coturnix japonica). some subjects were conditioned with a cs that supported sexual responses and included a taxidermic head of a female quail. others were conditioned with a similar cs that lacked species-typical cues. pairing the css with access to live females increased cs-directed behavior, with the head cs eliciting sig ... | 2003 | 12735367 |
| melatonin enhances cellular and humoral immune responses in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) via an opiatergic mechanism. | it is known that melatonin has important immunomodulatory properties in the japanese quail. however, the mechanism of melatonin action on the immune system is not clearly understood in avian species. in mammals, the immunostimulatory properties of melatonin are mediated by the release of opioid peptides from activated t-lymphocytes. the present study was performed to determine if these same melatonin-induced opioids (mio) are involved with the immunoenhancing effects of melatonin in quail. three ... | 2003 | 12714007 |
| presence and developmental regulation of serotonin n-acetyltransferase transcripts in oocytes and early quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica). | by rt-pcr two transcripts for arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (aa-nat; serotonin n-acetyltransferase; ec 2.3.1.87), the key enzyme in melatonin synthesis, were found, for the first time, in the oocytes and blastoderms from freshly laid eggs (323- and 238-bp rt-pcr products), and one (238-bp product) in the pineal gland of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the two products differed by an intron of 85-bp present in the 323-bp band and absent from the 238-bp band. the identity of the ... | 2003 | 12704723 |
| evaluation of a collagen patch as a method of enhancing ventriculotomy healing in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | to assess the ability of a porcine submucosal collagen patch to enhance ventriculotomy healing in quail. | 2011 | 12692754 |
| distribution and origin of steroid hormones in the yolk of japanese quail eggs (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the yolk of avian eggs contains steroid hormones, which may influence the development and behaviour of hatched birds. the aim of the present study was to investigate the concentration as well as the distribution of various gonadal steroids in the yolk spheres of quail eggs. steroid concentrations of dissected yolk layers were analysed after alcoholic extraction using enzyme immunoassays (eias) for progesterone, androstenedione and testosterone. to monitor the uptake of testosterone into the yolk ... | 2003 | 12677460 |
| effect of different dietary levels of yucca schidigera powder on the performance, blood parameters and egg yolk cholesterol of laying quails. | a total of 135 laying quails (coturnix coturnix japonica), 9 weeks old, were divided into three dietary treatment groups. three replicates were assigned to each treatment group consisting of 15 birds per cage. the diet was supplemented with 0, 100 and 200 ppm yucca schidigera powder and given ad libitum to the quails for a period of 14 weeks. body weight, egg production, feed consumption and feed efficiency were not different due to dietary treatments among the groups. increased egg weight was d ... | 2003 | 12650503 |
| asparagine-linked oligosaccharide-independent secretion of egg envelope glycoprotein zpc of the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in avian species, a glycoprotein homologous to mammalian zpc is synthesized in the granulosa cells of developing follicles. we have previously reported that the newly synthesized zpc (prozpc) in the granulosa cells is cleaved at the consensus furin cleavage site to generate mature zpc prior to secretion. in the present study, we examined the role of asparagine (n)-linked oligosaccharides in the proteolytic processing of prozpc and the subsequent secretion of zpc by using site-directed mutagenesi ... | 2003 | 12600672 |
| anatomical relationships between aromatase-immunoreactive neurons and nitric oxide synthase as evidenced by nos immunohistochemistry or nadph diaphorase histochemistry in the quail forebrain. | in japanese quail (coturnix japonica), previous studies indicated that the distribution of reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (nadph) diaphorase overlaps with steroid-sensitive areas that contain dense populations of aromatase-immunoreactive (aro-ir) cells. we investigated here the anatomical relationships between aromatase (aro) and nitric oxide synthase (nos)-containing cells that were visualized both by nos-immunohistochemistry and nadph-histochemistry. the distribution of aro-ir and ... | 2003 | 12573458 |
| melatonin can produce immunoenhancement in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) without prior immunosuppression. | in recent years, it has been determined that melatonin has important immunostimulatory properties in mammalian and avian species. typically, this immunoenhancement has only been examined in immunosuppressed animals. the effect of melatonin on normal (unsuppressed) immune systems is yet to be evaluated in avian species. an experiment was performed to determine if transient and/or continuous melatonin treatments could enhance immune functions in japanese quail without prior immunosuppression. all ... | 2002 | 12441122 |
| bone microstructure and developmental plasticity in birds and other dinosaurs. | patterns of bone microstructure have frequently been used to deduce dynamics and processes of growth in extant and fossil tetrapods. often, the various types of primary bone tissue have been associated with different bone deposition rates and more recently such deductions have extended to patterns observed in dinosaur bone microstructure. these previous studies are challenged by the findings of the current research, which integrates an experimental neontological approach and a paleontological co ... | 2002 | 12386894 |
| visual memory of shapes in quail chicks: discrimination among 2-dimensional objects. | newly hatched chicks spontaneously peck at conspicuous objects, and soon learn to discriminate between edible food particles and inedible objects. to examine whether this discrimination is based on a chick's ability to memorize objects by shape cues, we analyzed the pecking behavior. one- to 3-day old quail chicks (coturnix japonica) were presented with dry objects of different shapes (ball, disk, triangle and t-shape) of similar size (4 mm) and color (green). habituation occurred after repeated ... | 2002 | 12149571 |
| effects of starvation on gonadotropin and thyrotropin subunit mrna levels and plasma hormone levels in the male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | contents of mrnas encoding lhbeta-, fshbeta-, tshbeta- and common a-subunit precursor molecules were measured in male japanese quail deprived of food for three days. plasma lh, fsh, thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels were also measured in the same birds. plasma lh levels declined during the period of food deprivation. levels in starved birds were not different from those in control birds after one day of starvation but were significantly lower after three days. plasma fsh levels showed a simi ... | 2002 | 12125931 |
| development of embryos from in vitro ovulated and fertilized oocytes of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the development of quail embryos obtained after in vitro fertilization of oocytes ovulated in vitro was investigated. about 40% of the specimens, after 18-20 hr of incubation, had undergone cleavage to reach stages iv-vi when viewed under a stereo microscope. however, only 36% of these embryos contained normal, dapi-stained nuclei when observed under a fluorescent microscope; the other 64% showing a morphologically normal cleavage pattern did not contain nuclei. control unfertilized oocytes, ovu ... | 2002 | 12115941 |
| pineal melatonin secretion, but not ocular melatonin secretion, is sufficient to maintain normal immune responses in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | reports that plasma melatonin is an important immune regulator in avian species have been rather sparse and contradictory. also, the primary source of immune-modulating melatonin has yet to be determined in birds. in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), the pineal gland and eyes contribute roughly two thirds and one third of the melatonin found in the blood, respectively. two experiments were conducted to evaluate melatonin as an immune modulator in japanese quail and to determine the pr ... | 2002 | 12093123 |
| evaluation of tiletamine-zolazepam as an anesthetic in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of tiletamine-zolazepam (tz) administered alone or in combination with atropine, xylazine, and levomepromazine to quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the induction time, duration of hypnosis and anesthesia, and time to recovery were determined. the presence or absence of tremor, upper respiratory tract secretions, and excitability and the degree of muscular tone were also observed. the results showed that doses from 10 to 100 mg/kg t ... | 1999 | 12086457 |
| the assessment of nociceptive and non-nociceptive skin sensitivity in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | we evaluated the efficacy of two nociceptive tests, the hot water (hwt) and the foot pressure tests (fpt), and one non-nociceptive test (semmes-weinstein test, swt) in assessing skin sensitivity in conscious japanese quail. all stimuli elicited a reflex-like, strongly reproducible response. responses in the hwt and fpt were identified as typical nocifensive flight-fight behavior. in untreated birds, these responses occurred at temperatures and forces described previously as noxious. in the swt, ... | 2002 | 12044663 |
| daily temporal organization of laying in japanese quail: variability and heritability. | in birds, many behavioral and physiological processes that occur during reproduction show daily rhythms in response to environmental temporal constraints. in this study, the individual daily organization of laying and its genetic determinant in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were analyzed. for this purpose, the oviposition time of 102 randomly chosen females, maintained in long-day photoperiodic conditions (ld 14 h:10 h) for 1 mon was observed and extreme phenotypes selected. laying ... | 2002 | 12025931 |
| the role of static features of males in the mate choice behavior of female japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in two experiments, we investigated the mate choice behavior of female japanese quail toward taxidermically-prepared male models. both experiments consisted of four phases: (1) habituation; (2) a pre-test in which two taxidermically-prepared models of male birds were presented; (3) observation in which the respective non-preferred male model was presented either alone or with another stimulus, and (4) a post-test in which male models were again presented alone. results showed that focal females ... | 2002 | 11955775 |
| fearfulness and performance related traits in selected lines of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | fearfulness and economic traits were studied in three lines of japanese quail. two of the lines were of the same genetic origin and were subjected to divergent selection for the duration of tonic immobility (ti), a measure of fearfulness. birds were selected for long (lti) or short (sti) duration of ti. the third line (dd) was of a different genetic origin and had been selected for early egg production. fear, growth, residual feed intake, and measures of egg composition and production varied amo ... | 2002 | 11902406 |
| molecular cloning and circadian regulation of cryptochrome genes in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the circadian system is thought to have three components: input, pacemaker (internal clock), and output. cryptochromes (cry) are important clock genes, and recent findings indicate that these genes not only act as circadian photoreceptors but are also essential components in the negative feedback of the circadian system. as a first step toward understanding the avian circadian system, the authors tried to clone japanese quail homologs of mammalian crys and analyze their expression patterns in di ... | 2002 | 11837944 |
| reproductive consequences of edcs in birds: what do laboratory effects mean in field species? | the varied reproductive strategies of birds present a challenge in developing reliable indices for the assessment of effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (edcs). precocial species, such as quail, appear to be most sensitive to edc effects during embryonic development. although the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) is a nonnative lab species, its reproductive strategy is similar to that of many free-ranging species. because a great deal is known about the reproductive biology of this specie ... | 2013 | 11836068 |
| histological and histochemical studies on the lingual, preglottal and laryngeal salivary glands of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) at the post-hatching period. | the postnatal development and histochemistry of mucins of the lingual, preglottal and laryngeal glands in the quails were investigated by means of light microscopy using specific staining for complex carbohydrates. in this study, the tongues were taken from female and male quails from day 1 to day 60 after hatching. the salivary glands in quail's tongue comprised the lingual gland, with lateral and medial (paraentoglossal gland) portions that differ in morphology and histochemical staining, and ... | 2001 | 11820407 |
| regulation of hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase gene expression in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | hydroxyindole-o-methyltrasferase (hiomt) plays an important role as the final enzyme in the synthesis of melatonin. in this study, the expression of the hiomt gene in japanese quail was investigated with respect to tissue distribution and the effects of light and vitamin a deficiency. hiomt mrna in the pineal gland and eye had a clear daily rhythm with peak values in daytime. the testis also contained a detectable amount of hiomt mrna, which did not display a rhythmic change over a 24-h period. ... | 2001 | 11791725 |
| effects of dietary formalin on the health and testicular pathology of male japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | male japanese quail (n = 75) at 35 d of age were fed 20.0, 10.0, 5.0, 2.5 or 0 ml formalin (37% formaldehyde)/kg of their daily ration for 8 w. quail fed 20.0 or 10.0 ml formalin/kg feed showed depression, decreased responsiveness, feed consumption, and body weights, and had vacuolation in the germinal epithelial layer of their seminiferous tubules. formalin feeding at up to 5 ml/kg was associated with decreased weight of testes, and up to 2.5 ml/kg feed resulted in smaller diameter seminiferous ... | 2001 | 11757989 |
| developmental changes in thyrotropic and somatotropic effect of trh in precocial japanese quail and altricial european starlings. | the thyrotropic and somatotropic effects of thyrotropin releasing hormone (trh) in precocial japanese quail (coturnix japonica) and altricial european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) during postnatal ontogeny were studied. concentrations of thyroid hormones (th) and growth hormone (gh) in the circulation were determined 60 min after the subcutaneous administration of trh. in quail, trh caused an increase of triiodothyronine (t(3)) in plasma during the phase of rapid growth, whereas thyroxine (t(4)) ... | 2001 | 11742512 |
| impact of vinclozolin on reproductive behavior and endocrinology in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (edcs) has been demonstrated in mammalian models, but less research is available for avian species. the effects of vinclozolin (vin), an antiandrogenic fungicide, on sexual differentiation and maturation were investigated in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). on day 4 of incubation, embryos were exposed to no treatment, oil, or 25, 50, or 100 ppm of vin. endpoints measured included adult male reproductive behavior, hypothalamic gonadotropin- ... | 2001 | 11699774 |
| morphometric analysis of the intestine of domestic quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) treated with different levels of dietary calcium. | the aim of this study was to perform a morphometric analysis of the various parts of the intestine of the domestic quail. twenty-four female quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 37 weeks were used and accommodated in laying cages for 12 weeks. each group was fed a standardized diet containing different quantities of calcium: 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0% and 3.5%. the birds were weighed, killed, and samples of 1 cm were collected from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum and submitted to the histological rout ... | 2001 | 11688737 |
| preoptic aromatase cells project to the mesencephalic central gray in the male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | previous tract-tracing studies demonstrated the existence of projections from the medial preoptic nucleus (pom) to the mesencephalic central gray (gct) in quail. gct contains a significant number of aromatase-immunoreactive (aro-ir) fibers and punctate structures, but no aro-ir cells are present in this region. the origin of the aro-ir fibers of the gct was investigated here by retrograde tract-tracing combined with immunocytochemistry for aromatase. following injection of fluorescent microspher ... | 2001 | 11673910 |
| ethological concepts revisited: immediate early gene induction in response to sexual stimuli in birds. | courtship behaviors were interpreted by ethologists as being examples of 'sign stimuli' that would act as 'releasers' of stereotypic species-typical behaviors in conspecifics. a key component of the sign stimulus concept is that some form of stimulus filtering occurs that is responsible for the marked selective behavioral responsiveness. studies of immediate early gene induction in the avian brain in response to conspecific stimuli associated with courtship and mating reveal that such gene induc ... | 2001 | 11641562 |
| [effect of monoamines and testosterone on hypothalamo-gonadal complex of japanese quail (an electrophysiological and morphometric study)]. | effects of biogenic amines, testosterone and melatonin both on the developing electrical activity of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (na) and morphology of testis and na neurocytes during maturation in birds (coturnix coturnix japonica) were tested. slow [symbol: see text]-frequency was shown to prevail at quail na electrical activity. na spectral power gradually enlarges during maturation. the data confirm the evidence that catecholamines induce acceleration of sexual maturation in birds mainly vi ... | 2001 | 11571924 |
| topography of spatially directed conditioned responding: effects of context and trial duration. | domesticated quail (coturnix japonica) received a discrete conditioned stimulus (cs) at one end of the experimental chamber paired with the opportunity to copulate with a female quail (the unconditioned stimulus) in a goal box located 112 cm away. approach to the cs (sign tracking) and approach to the goal area (goal tracking) were measured. the duration of exposure to the experimental context (c) was varied in experiment 1, and the duration of the conditioning trials (t) was varied in experimen ... | 2001 | 11497325 |
| developmental changes in the mrna levels of igf-i and its related genes in the reproductive organs of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | summary insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) is involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation of a variety of vertebrate tissues. the biological actions of igf-i are mediated mainly by the igf-i receptor (igf-ir) and partly by the insulin receptor (ir) and modulated by igf binding proteins (igfbp). we conducted studies designed to clarify the possible roles of igf system in the development of the avian reproductive organs. we cloned cdnas of igf-i, igf-ir, ir and igfbp-2 of japanese q ... | 2001 | 11437471 |
| effects of embryonic co2 exposure on the adult ventilatory response in quail: does gender matter? | to test the hypothesis that the adult ventilatory response to co2 can be modified by exposure to co2 during development, we exposed japanese quail (coturnix japonica) from two populations to 2% co2 throughout embryonic development. the ventilatory response to 6% co2 was subsequently measured in control and co2-exposed quail following a 6-9 week deacclimation period. in one population of quail, co2-exposed female, but not male, quail had a reduced ventilatory response to 6% co2 as adults (p<0.001 ... | 2001 | 11403781 |
| imitative learning in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) depends on the motivational state of the observer quail at the time of observation. | the 2-action method was used to examine whether imitative learning in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) depends on the motivational state of the observer quail at the time of observation of the demonstrated behavior. two groups of observers were fed before observation (satiated groups), whereas 2 other groups of observers were deprived of food before observation (hungry groups). quail were tested either immediately following observation or after a 30-min delay. results indicated that quail in t ... | 2001 | 11334220 |
| vitamin a deficiency reduces insulin-like growth factor (igf)-i gene expression and increases igf-i receptor and insulin receptor gene expression in tissues of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the insulin-like growth factor (igf) system is regulated by various stimuli, including hormones, growth factors and nutritional status. we examined the effects of vitamin a on components of the igf system in japanese quail. male quail (1 d old) fed a vitamin a-deficient diet for 14 or 21 d developed vitamin a deficiency, as confirmed by a depletion of serum retinol and hepatic retinyl palmitate. consuming the vitamin a-deficient diet for 14 d did not affect growth rate, but decreased the serum i ... | 2001 | 11285324 |
| vitamin a deficiency reduces the responsiveness of pineal gland to light in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | synthesis of melatonin in pineal gland is under the control of light environment. the recent finding of the presence of rhodopsin-like photopigment (pinopsin) and retinal in the avian pinealocytes has led to a hypothesis that vitamin a is involved in photoresponses of the pineal gland. we have thus analyzed the effect of vitamin a deficiency on the regulatory system of melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland of japanese quail. depletion of vitamin a from japanese quails was attained by feeding t ... | 1998 | 11249007 |
| the acute phase response in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | experiments were conducted to determine the effect of injection of lipopolysaccharide (lps, from s. typhimurium) or muramyl dipeptide (mdp, n-acetylmuramyl-l-ala-isoglutamine) in japanese quail. doses of mdp between 0.3 and 10 mg/kg body wt. had no effect on body temperature. in contrast, doses of 1.0-22.5 mg lps/kg body wt. caused significant increases in body temperature. none of the doses of lps or mdp resulted in mortality. the febrile response to lps was diminished following a second inject ... | 2001 | 11239838 |
| anatomical and histological changes in the oviducts of japanese quail, coturnix japonica, after embryonic exposure to ethynyloestradiol. | oestrogen is needed for normal oviductal development in female birds, but excessive early exposure to oestrogen can cause oviductal abnormalities and impair egg-laying ability. in this study, the anatomical and histological effects of in ovo exposure to the synthetic oestrogen ethynyloestradiol on the oviducts of immature and adult female japanese quail, coturnix japonica, were investigated. a series of abnormalities was observed after injection of ethynyloestradiol (2 or 20 ng g(-1) egg) into t ... | 2001 | 11226039 |
| cloning of complementary deoxyribonucleic acids encoding quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) retinoic acid receptor ss isoforms and changes in their gene expression during gonadotropic growth. | retinoids have important effects on the development of the reproductive system, where they act via their specific nuclear receptors: retinoic acid receptors (raralpha, ss, gamma) and retinoid x receptors (rxralpha, ss, gamma). the research reported here was conducted in an effort to clone quail rarbeta+ cdna (qrarbeta) and to evaluate the expression of qrarbeta+ mrnas in different tissues and during the development of gonadotropic organs. two complete cdnas of qrarbeta1 and qrarbeta2 were isolat ... | 2001 | 11133679 |
| rapid and reversible inhibition of brain aromatase activity. | many actions of androgens require their conversion via the enzyme aromatase into oestrogens. changes in brain aromatase activity are thought to take place via changes in enzyme concentration mediated by effects of sex steroids on aromatase transcription. these changes are relatively slow which fits in well with the fact that oestrogens are generally viewed as slow-acting messengers that act via changes in gene transcription. more recently, fast actions of oestrogens, presumably at the level of t ... | 2001 | 11123516 |
| dopamine d(2)-like receptor binding in the brain of male japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | japanese quail (coturnix japonica) have been used extensively to study appetitive behaviors. however, little is known about the appetitive-relevant neurochemical systems in this species. the present investigation examined the distribution of d(2)-like dopamine receptors in the quail brain. [(3)h]spiperone was incubated in brain tissue homogenates and non-specific binding was defined using (-)-sulpiride. scatchard analysis of whole brain without cerebellum and forebrain alone indicated approximat ... | 2000 | 11108985 |
| retinoic acid accelerates the development of reproductive organs and egg production in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the effects of retinoic acid on the development of reproductive organs and egg production in female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were investigated. female quail were fed a diet containing retinoic acid at 4 mg/kg (ra) or two diets containing retinyl acetate at 5000 iu/kg (va1) or 14 000 iu/kg (va2) after being fed a vitamin a-free diet for 2 wk (experiment 1). the oviduct and ovary grew more rapidly (p < 0.05) in ra-treated quail than in va-treated quail at 5 wk of age. in additio ... | 2000 | 11090451 |
| [the electrical activity of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and the morphofunctional characteristics of the gonads in birds during blockade and stimulation of the beta-adrenergic receptors]. | beta-adrenoreceptors agonist isadrine as shown by measurement of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (an) summary electrical activity and by morphometry of its neurons and testis does not result in significant acceleration of maturation in maturing (4-6 week old) male japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). anapryline-induced blockade of beta-adrenoreceptors leads to small inhibiting of the reproductive complex. this findings confirm our previous works, according to which brain beta-adrenergic sy ... | 2000 | 11059385 |
| confocal evaluation of native and induced lectin binding contributes to discriminate between lingual gland glycocomponents in quail. | a confocal analysis was performed on the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) lingual salivary glands where the carbohydrate chains were studied by lectin histochemistry. for this purpose, appropriate fitc- and tritc-conjugates were used for double binding also accomplished with sialidase digestion. the glycosidic components of the quail lingual salivary glands were found to be heterogeneously distributed on the different secretory structures as well as on the single secretory elements of each ade ... | 2000 | 11005236 |
| localisation of epidermal growth factor receptor in the quail ovary. | the present study focuses on the distribution of egfr in the follicular and stromal compartments of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) ovary, using immunohistochemical methods and a histological ligand binding assay. egfr was predominantly present in granulosa cells during each stage of the folliculogenesis. furthermore, egfr was also detected in thecal cells and in oocytes. in some cells of the vascular endothelium, of the ovarian smooth muscle, and of the surface epithelium, the p ... | 2000 | 10916168 |
| growth and muscle characteristics of a growth selected line of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), a control line and reciprocal crosses between them. | body growth, muscle growth, bone growth, and measurements of muscle fiber area and fiber number were made in a line of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected for high 4 week body weight for 100 generations (line pp), in the control line from which they were derived (line cc), and in genetically equivalent reciprocal crosses (pc and cp) that develop in eggs that differ greatly in weight. there was no difference in body weight or weight of the p. superficialis of newly hatched cc or ... | 2008 | 10885856 |
| effects of lighting conditions and melatonin supplementation on the cellular and humoral immune responses in japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of lighting conditions and melatonin supplementation on the cellular and humoral immune responses in japanese quail. the first experiment was designed to evaluate differing light regimes as immune modulators in both adult and juvenile quail. the cellular and humoral immune responses were determined for three lighting conditions; short days (8:16ld), long days (16:8ld), and constant light (ll). in the second experiment, melatonin was adminis ... | 2000 | 10882554 |
| the effect of short-term fasting on shivering thermogenesis in japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica): indications for a significant role of diet-induced/growth related thermogenesis. | (1) the effect of short-term fasting on metabolism and shivering thermogenesis was studied in 9-day-old japanese quail. (2) after 31 h of fasting, heat production decreased 39% and body temperature over 2 degrees c in the thermoneutral zone. the difference in heat production between control and fasting groups decreased with decreasing ambient temperature. (3) despite the lower metabolic rate, the amplitudes of shivering emgs were higher in fasted chicks, especially in pectoralis. this indicates ... | 2000 | 10880870 |
| differences between the sexes in direction and duration of response to seeing a potential sex partner mate with another. | we have shown previously that: (1) female japanese quail, coturnix japonica, increase and male japanese quail decrease their tendencies to affiliate with potential sex partners after seeing them mate, and (2) in both sexes of quail, affiliative preferences and choice of a sex partner are highly correlated. here we predict that because effects of a prior male's sperm on a second male's probability of fertilizing a female are relatively brief, a male's avoidance of whichever member of a pair of fe ... | 2000 | 10877903 |
| 'culture' in quail: social influences on mate choices of female coturnix japonica. | we have shown previously that after a focal female japanese quail, coturnix japonica, sees a conspecific male mating, the focal female's tendency to affiliate and to mate with that male is significantly increased. here we describe two experiments demonstrating that a focal female quail that has seen a conspecific male mating subsequently shows an enhanced tendency to affiliate not only with that particular male, but also with other males that share his characteristics. the results have important ... | 2000 | 10860524 |
| locomotion in the quail (coturnix japonica): the kinematics of walking and increasing speed. | hindlimb segmental kinematics and stride characteristics are quantified in several quail locomoting on a treadmill over a six-fold increase in speed. these data are used to describe the kinematics of a walking stride and to identify which limb elements are used to change stride features as speed increases. in quail, the femur does not move during locomotion and the tarsometatarsus-phalangeal joint is a major moving joint; thus, quail have lost the most proximal moving joint and added one distall ... | 2000 | 10658201 |
| performance of appetitive or consummatory components of male sexual behavior is mediated by different brain areas: a 2-deoxyglucose autoradiographic study. | the in vivo autoradiographic deoxyglucose method was used to identify the functional brain circuits that are involved in the performance of appetitive and consummatory components of male sexual behavior in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). two groups of castrated, testosterone-treated male quail were trained during 12 sessions to associate the view of a female behind a window with the opportunity to interact freely and to copulate with her. they developed, as a consequence, a social proximity ... | 1999 | 10625066 |
| a sexual dimorphism in hypothalamic arginine vasotocin (avt) gene expression and avt plasma levels in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) in response to water deprivation. | to examine a possible sexual dimorphism in the osmotic control of arginine vasotocin (avt) release in birds, age-matched male and female japanese quail were subjected to water deprivation. the observed increased plasma osmolalities were accompanied by increased plasma avt levels. plasma mesotocin levels did not change with water deprivation. the sensitivity of the osmotic control of avt release as determined by the slope of the relationship between plasma avt levels and plasma osmolalities was s ... | 2000 | 10620429 |
| distribution of aromatase activity in the brain and peripheral tissues of passerine and nonpasserine avian species. | many behavioral effects of testosterone on hypothalamic and limbic brain areas are mediated by the action, at the cellular level, of estrogens derived from local testosterone aromatization. aromatase activity and cells containing the aromatase protein and mrna have accordingly been identified in the brain areas involved in the control of behavior. the presence of an unusually high level of aromatase activity has been detected in the telencephalon of one songbird species, the zebra finch (taeniop ... | 2000 | 10620422 |
| phenotypic flexibility of the avian gizzard: rapid, reversible and repeated changes of organ size in response to changes in dietary fibre content | evolutionary biology presumes that organ capacities match their natural loads. therefore, in fluctuating conditions, organ systems are expected to show a reversible, repeatable and rapid phenotypic response that is directional and scaled. in this study, phenotypic responses of the gizzard of adult japanese quail (coturnix japonica) to experimental mismatches of load and capacity were tested by a series of diet-switching experiments, involving an increased content of non-digestable fibre (ndf) in ... | 1999 | 10539966 |
| effect of clinoptilolite on performance of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) during experimental aflatoxicosis. | clinoptilolite (cli, a natural zeolite), incorporated into the diet at 50 g/kg, was evaluated for its ability to reduce the deleterious effects of 2.0 mg total aflatoxin (af;83.06% afb1, 12.98% afb2, 2.84% afg1 and 1.12% afg2)/kg diet on growing japanese quail chicks from 10 to 45 d of age. a total of 40 japanese quail chicks were divided into 4 treatment groups (control, af, cli, af plus cli) each consisting of 10 chicks. the performance of the birds was evaluated. the af treatment significantl ... | 1999 | 10579408 |
| affiliative preferences are stable and predict mate choices in both sexes of japanese quail, coturnix japonica. | most laboratory studies of mate choice use affiliation as a surrogate measure for actual choice of a partner for copulation. in a series of recent studies using affiliation as a dependent variable, we showed that the tendency of both male and female japanese quail to affiliate with members of the opposite sex is profoundly affected by seeing them mate with others: female quails show an increased tendency to affiliate with males that they have seen mating; and male quails show a decreased tendenc ... | 1999 | 10512660 |
| effects of sexual interactions with a male on fos-like immunoreactivity in the female quail brain. | sexual interactions can cause changes in plasma hormone levels and activate immediate early genes within the mammalian brain. there are marked anatomical differences between the regions activated that relate directly to the sexual specific behaviour and neuroendocrinology of each sex. the aim of this study was to determine if such a sexual dimorphism exists in birds by examining the brain regions stimulated in adult virgin female japanese quail (coturnix japonica) during sexual behaviour and com ... | 1999 | 10520126 |
| steroid sensitive sites in the avian brain: does the distribution of the estrogen receptor alpha and beta types provide insight into their function? | studies in avian species have often been useful in elucidating basic concepts relevant to the regulation of reproductive behaviors by sex steroid hormones. once a link between a steroid hormone and a behavioral response has been established, one can use the localization of steroid hormone receptors in the brain to facilitate the identification of neural circuits that control behavior. the recent identification of a second type of estrogen receptor called estrogen receptor beta or erbeta has rais ... | 1999 | 10516402 |
| inter-individual distances during open-field tests in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) selected for high or low levels of social reinstatement behaviour. | inter-individual distances (iids), during open-field tests, were measured in single sex pairs of quail of lines divergently selected for high (hsr) or low (lsr) levels of social reinstatement (sr) behaviour. tests were carried out when the chicks were 1-, 3- and 6-weeks of age. iids were established within 1 min and remained stable thereafter. in hsr and mixed line pairs, but not lsr line pairs, iids increased with age. iids were shorter in hsr line pairs than in lsr or mixed line pairs at 1- an ... | 1999 | 24896931 |
| seasonal morphology of the domestic quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) testis. | a histological study was conducted on the testes of adult domestic quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) over a year. the results revealed a clear variation of testicular weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, and the thickness and composition of the germinal epithelium over the year. the highest testicular weights were detected at the end of the autumn and during the winter (short-day period), reaching a maximum, together with spermatogenic activity, in september (long-day period in the southern h ... | 1999 | 10488624 |
| regulation of the expression of serotonin n-acetyltransferase gene in japanese quail (coturnix japonica): ii. effect of vitamin a deficiency. | levels of serotonin n-acetyltransferase [arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (aanat); ec2.3.1.87] mrna, aanat activity, and melatonin display a rhythmic pattern in both the pineal gland and the retina. it has been shown that vitamin a is required to maintain the rhythm of melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland of japanese quail. to understand the mechanism underlying the direct relationship among these factors, we developed an assay system sensitive enough to determine aanat mrna, aanat activity ... | 1999 | 10451022 |
| evaluation of stunning/killing methods for quail (coturnix japonica): bird welfare and carcase quality. | 1. the welfare and carcase quality implications of stunning/killing 7-week-old japanese quail with either an electric current, 90% argon in air or a mixture of 30% carbon dioxide and 60% argon in air were investigated in 3 separate experiments. 2. the results showed that exposure of quail to either argon or the carbon dioxide-argon mixture resulted in loss of posture on average at 9 and 8 s respectively. in both gas mixtures, convulsions started 6 s after the loss of posture and the duration of ... | 1999 | 10405033 |
| influence of drinking water and diet on the stable-hydrogen isotope ratios of animal tissues. | despite considerable interest in using stable-hydrogen isotope ratio (deltad) measurements in ecological research, it was previously unknown whether hydrogen derived from drinking water, in addition to that derived from diet, contributed to the nonexchangeable hydrogen in animal tissues. we raised four experimental groups of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) from hatch on two isotopically distinct diets (mean nonexchangeable deltad: -146 and -60 per thousand, vienna standard mean ocean water st ... | 1999 | 10393937 |
| expression of gicerin, a cell adhesion molecule, in the abnormal retina in silver plumage color mutation of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | silver plumage color mutant (b/b) quail has an abnormal retina characterizing the transdifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) following the retinal separation in the early developmental stage. in the present study; (i) the expression of gicerin, an immunoglobulin-superfamily cell adhesion molecule, was examined in the retina of b/b quail. in the wild-type quail, gicerin protein was enriched in the apical membrane (facing the neural retina, nr) of rpe cells on embryonic day (e) 4 and ... | 1999 | 10336182 |
| immunomagnetic purification of viable primordial germ cells of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | immunomagnetic cell sorting (macs) with the monoclonal antibody (mab) qcr1 was compared with the ficoll density-gradient centrifugation system (fics) in terms of the efficiency of enrichment of quail (coturnix japonica) primordial germ cells (pgcs) from blood. the purified pgcs were tested for their ability to settle in the chick (gallus domesticus) embryonic gonad. blood containing 60-100 pgcs microliter-1 was taken from the dorsal aorta of quail embryos at hamburger and hamilton's stages 14-16 ... | 1999 | 10327620 |
| mate choice copying and conspecific cueing in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | in four experiments, we examined the effects on the affiliative preferences of 'focal' female japanese quail given the opportunity to watch a conspecific male interact with a 'model' female. experiments were conducted in three, 10-min phases: (1) a pretest, during which a 'focal' female chose between two males; (2) an observation phase, when each focal female watched the male she had spent less time near during the pretest (her 'nonpreferred' male) interact with a 'model' quail; and (3) a post-t ... | 1999 | 10049487 |
| accumulation and localisation of maternal rna in oocytes of japanese quail. | accumulation of total rna and poly(a+)rna was determined in the oocytes of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) during oogenesis, by a standard spectrophotometric method, after rna extraction. intensive rna accumulation was observed in the oocytes 0.25-2.0 mm in diameter (correlated with the presence of lampbrush chromosomes), followed by a plateau in 2.0-3.0 mm oocytes (correlated with the condensation of lampbrush chromosomes). resumption of the rna accumulation in the 3.0-5.0 mm oocyte ... | 1999 | 10216917 |
| social effects on mate choices of male japanese quail, coturnix japonica. | in four experiments, we examined effects on affiliative preferences of 'focal' male japanese quail of seeing a conspecific female interact with another male. each experiment was conducted in three 10-min phases: (1) a pretest during which a focal male chose between two females; (2) an observation phase, when each focal male watched the female he had spent more time near during the pretest (his 'preferred' female) interact with another male (referred to as a 'model' male); and (3) a post-test, du ... | 1999 | 10328786 |
| retinal tunel-positive cells and high glutamate levels in vitreous humor of mutant quail with a glaucoma-like disorder. | to investigate whether retinal cell death observed in an avian glaucoma-like disorder occurs by apoptosis and whether an increase in excitotoxic amino acid concentration in the vitreous humor is associated temporally with cell death in the retina. | 1999 | 10102297 |
| cytoarchitecture of the tectum opticum in the japanese quail. | the cytoarchitecture of the optic tectum of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, was studied using the golgi-kopsch method, parvalbumin, calbindin and gaba immunohistochemistry and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase histochemistry. our results reveal a large number of different types of interneurons in the quail tectum opticum, only part of which are described in the chick or pigeon. application of parvalbumin and calbindin immunohistochemistry and nicotinamide ade ... | 1998 | 9881878 |
| cholecystokinin induces fos expression in the brain of the japanese quail. | systemic administration of cholecystokinin (cck) inhibits feeding in birds. however, the signaling pathway through which cck induces this effect is unknown, and its role as a natural satiety signal is controversial. to address these issues, we used immunocytochemistry for the immediate-early gene protein fos to localize sites of neuronal activation in the brain of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) after cck treatment. food intake was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner following intraperitonal ... | 1998 | 9735229 |
| an immunohistochemical study of putative neuromodulators and transmitters in the centrifugal visual system of the quail (coturnix japonica). | the aim of the present study was to analyze the neurochemical properties of the centrifugal visual system (cvs) of the quail using an immunohistochemical approach by testing 16 neuropeptides (angiotensin: ang, bradykinin: bk, cholecystokinin, dynorphin, l and m-enkephalin, beta-endorphin: beta-end, galanin, alpha-neoendorphin, neurokinin a, neuropeptide y (npy), ocytocin, somatostatin, substance p, vasopressin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) and three neurotransmitters or their synthetic enz ... | 1998 | 9719361 |