| probing inhibitory effects of destruxins from metarhizium anisopliae using insect cell based impedance spectroscopy: inhibition vs chemical structure. | a noninvasive technique based on electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ecis) was demonstrated for on-line probing inhibitory effects of five destruxins on spodoptera frugiperda sf9 insect cells. such chemically structurally similar cyclic hexadepsipeptides, were isolated and purified from the fungus metarhizium anisopliae. based on a response function, the inhibitory effect of the destruxins was established from determining the half-inhibition concentration (ecis50), i.e., the level at whic ... | 2009 | 19562214 |
| cyp719b1 is salutaridine synthase, the c-c phenol-coupling enzyme of morphine biosynthesis in opium poppy. | morphine is a powerful analgesic natural product produced by the opium poppy papaver somniferum. although formal syntheses of this alkaloid have been reported, the morphine molecule contains five stereocenters and a c-c phenol linkage that to date render a total synthesis of morphine commercially unfeasible. the c-c phenol-coupling reaction along the biosynthetic pathway to morphine in opium poppy is catalyzed by the cytochrome p450-dependent oxygenase salutaridine synthase. we report herein on ... | 2009 | 19567876 |
| the role of the pi3k-akt signal transduction pathway in autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells. | many viruses activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k)-akt signaling pathway, thereby modulating diverse downstream signaling pathways associated with antiapoptosis, proliferation, cell cycling, protein synthesis and glucose metabolism, in order to augment their replication. to date, the role of the pi3k-akt pathway in baculovirus replication has not been defined. in the present study, we demonstrate that infection of sf9 cells with autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (a ... | 2009 | 19573890 |
| differential incorporation of cholesterol by sindbis virus grown in mammalian or insect cells. | cholesterol has been shown to be essential for the fusion of alphaviruses with artificial membranes (liposomes). cholesterol has also been implicated as playing an essential and critical role in the processes of entry and egress of alphaviruses in living cells. paradoxically, insects, the alternate host for alphaviruses, are cholesterol auxotrophs and contain very low levels of this sterol. to further evaluate the role of cholesterol in the life cycle of alphaviruses, the cholesterol levels of t ... | 2009 | 19587056 |
| predatory potential of geocoris spp. and orius insidiosus on fall armyworm in resistant and susceptible turf. | predatory potential and performance of the predaceous heteropterans, geocoris punctipes (say), g. uliginosus (say) (geocoridae), and orius insidiosus (say) (anthocoridae), were evaluated using fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), as prey on different turfgrass taxa (resistant zoysiagrasses, 'cavalier' and 'palisades'; moderately resistant bermuda grass, 'tifsport'; and susceptible seashore paspalum, 'sea isle 1') through laboratory and field studies. when background mortality was ... | 2009 | 19610431 |
| supplemental control of lepidopterous pests on bt transgenic sweet corn with biologically-based spray treatments. | biologically-based spray treatments, including nucleopolyhedroviruses, neem, and spinosad, were evaluated as supplemental controls for the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), and corn earworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), on transgenic sweet corn, zea mays (l.) (poales: poaceae), expressing a cry1ab toxin from bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bacillales: bacillaceae) (bt). overall, transgenic corn supported lower densities of both pests than did nontransgeni ... | 2009 | 19611255 |
| natural distribution of parasitoids of larvae of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, in argentina. | to develop a better understanding of the natural distribution of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), and to update the knowledge of the incidence of its complex of parasitoids. s. frugiperda, samplings in whorl-stage corn were carried out in provinces of argentina from 1999 to 2003. s. frugiperda larvae were collected from corn in localities of the provinces of tucumán, salta, jujuy, santiago del estero, la rioja, córdoba, san luis, chaco and misiones. in e ... | 2009 | 19613463 |
| abundant expression and purification of biologically active mitochondrial citrate carrier in baculovirus-infected insect cells. | heterologous expression of recombinant proteins is an essential technology for protein characterization. a major obstacle to investigating the biochemical properties of membrane proteins is the difficulty in obtaining sufficient amounts of functional protein. here we report the successful expression of the tricarboxylate (or citrate) carrier (cic) of eel (anguilla anguilla) from spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells using the baculovirus expression system. the recombinant cic was purified by affinit ... | 2009 | 19629661 |
| expression and characterization of functional dog flavin-containing monooxygenase 3. | mammalian flavin-containing monooxygenase (fmo) enzymes catalyze oxidation at nucleophilic, heteroatom centers and are important for drug, xenobiotic, and endogenous substrate metabolism. in human liver, human fmo3 (hfmo3) is the most abundant fmo isoform and is known to contribute to the hepatic clearance of a variety of clinical drugs. the purpose of the current study was to express and compare the dog (beagle) fmo3 (dfmo3) to hfmo3. a full-length dfmo3 cdna was obtained from liver by reverse ... | 2009 | 19635782 |
| symbiotic virus at the evolutionary intersection of three types of large dna viruses; iridoviruses, ascoviruses, and ichnoviruses. | the ascovirus, dpav4a (family ascoviridae), is a symbiotic virus that markedly increases the fitness of its vector, the parasitic ichneumonid wasp, diadromus puchellus, by increasing survival of wasp eggs and larvae in their lepidopteran host, acrolepiopsis assectella. previous phylogenetic studies have indicated that dpav4a is related to the pathogenic ascoviruses, such as the spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus 1a (sfav1a) and the lepidopteran iridovirus (family iridoviridae), chilo iridescent vir ... | 2009 | 19636425 |
| development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on recombinant vp2 capsids for the detection of antibodies to aleutian mink disease virus. | aleutian disease (ad), a common infectious disease in farmed minks worldwide, is caused by aleutian mink disease virus (amdv). serodiagnosis of ad in minks has been based on detection of amdv antibodies by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) since the 1980s. the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on recombinant virus-like particles (vlps) for identifying amdv antibodies from mink sera. amdv capsid protein (vp2) of a finnish wild-type s ... | 2009 | 19641102 |
| identification of a new nucleopolyhedrovirus from naturally-infected condylorrhiza vestigialis (guenée) (lepidoptera: crambidae) larvae on poplar plantations in south brazil. | a baculovirus was isolated from larvae of condylorrhiza vestigialis (guenée) (lepidoptera: crambidae), a pest of a forest species known as poplar (family salicaceae, genus: populus) with high economic value. electron microscopy analysis of the occlusion body obtained from diseased larvae showed polyhedra containing multiple nucleocapsids per envelope. this baculovirus was thus named condylorrhiza vestigialis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (covemnpv) and characterized by its dna restriction endonu ... | 2009 | 19651137 |
| effects of limonoids from cipadessa fruticosa on fall armyworm. | six mexicanolide limonoids isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the fruits of cipadessa fruticosa blume (meliaceae) were evaluated against spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith). gedunin was used as a positive control. when incorporated into an artificial diet of neonates at 50.0 mg kg(-1), febrifugin a showed 73.3% mortality. all the compounds showed moderate insecticidal activity, except for ruageanin a, when compared with the control. febrifugin also showed growth inhibition and antifeed ... | 2009 | 19678552 |
| endophyte-mediated resistance to herbivores depends on herbivore identity in the wild grass festuca subverticillata. | understanding factors that affect the context dependency of species interactions has been identified as a critical research area in ecology. the presence of symbionts in host plants can be an important factor influencing the outcome of plant-insect interactions. similarly, herbivore identity can alter the outcome of plant-symbiont interactions. symbiotic foliar fungal endophytes confer resistance to herbivores in economically important agronomic grasses, in part through the production of alkaloi ... | 2009 | 19689887 |
| direct induced resistance in oryza sativa to spodoptera frugiperda. | rice, oryza sativa, is the most important staple food for a significant portion of the world's population. despite the importance of rice, however, induced resistance to insects has not been thoroughly studied in rice; in fact, to our knowledge, direct induced resistance after injury by chewing insects has not been shown in rice. we conducted a series of experiments designed to characterize direct induced resistance in rice after feeding by larvae of the fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda j. e ... | 2009 | 19689897 |
| characterization of native bacillus thuringiensis strains and selection of an isolate active against spodoptera frugiperda and peridroma saucia. | twelve bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strains, isolated from larvae and soil samples in argentina, were molecularly and phenotypically characterized and their insecticidal activities against spodoptera frugiperda and peridroma saucia were determined. one isolate--bt rt--produced more than 93% mortality on first instar larvae of both species, which was higher than that produced by the reference strain bt 4d1. bt rt carried a different cry gene profile than bt 4d1. scanning electron microscopy showed ... | 2009 | 19693442 |
| elucidation of the genomic basis of indirect plant defense against insects. | using airborne signals to attract herbivore predators and parasitoids is an important strategy that plants use in defense against herbivorous insects. the volatiles involved in this indirect plant defense are often chemically complex and variable across species. we recently established rice as a model for studying the molecular and genomic basis of volatile-mediated indirect plant defense. rice plants when damaged by fall armyworm larvae become highly attractive to parasitic wasps. the volatiles ... | 2008 | 19704839 |
| baculovirus dna replication-specific expression factors trigger apoptosis and shutoff of host protein synthesis during infection. | apoptosis is an important antivirus defense. to define the poorly understood pathways by which invertebrates respond to viruses by inducing apoptosis, we have identified replication events that trigger apoptosis in baculovirus-infected cells. we used rna silencing to ablate factors required for multiplication of autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv). transfection with double-stranded rna (dsrna) complementary to the acmnpv late expression factors (lefs) that are design ... | 2009 | 19706708 |
| spodoptera frugiperda x-tox protein, an immune related defensin rosary, has lost the function of ancestral defensins. | x-tox proteins are a family of immune-related proteins only found in lepidoptera and characterized by imperfectly conserved tandem repeats of several defensin-like motifs. previous phylogenetic analysis of x-tox genes supported the hypothesis that x-tox have evolved from defensins in a lineage-specific gene evolution restricted to lepidoptera. in this paper, we performed a protein study in which we asked whether x-tox proteins have conserved the antimicrobial functions of their ancestral defensi ... | 2009 | 19710910 |
| an insect cell-free system for recombinant protein expression using cdna resources. | the transdirect insect cell is a newly developed in vitro translation system for mrna templates, which utilizes an extract from cultured spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cells. an expression vector, ptd1, which includes a 5'-untranslated region (utr) sequence from a baculovirus polyhedrin gene as a translational enhancer, was also developed to obtain maximum performance from the insect cell-free protein synthesis system. this combination of insect cell extract and expression vector results ... | 2009 | 19718511 |
| improving baculovirus production at high cell density through manipulation of energy metabolism. | the insect cells/baculovirus system is well recognized as a safe and suitable technology to produce heterologous proteins, vaccines and vectors for gene therapy. efficient and robust production processes, able to deliver higher product concentrations, are however still needed to cope with increased requirements for large-scale manufacture. the work herein presented describes a combined experimental and modelling effort to quantify and environmentally manipulate the metabolism of spodoptera frugi ... | 2010 | 19732849 |
| efficient generation of cowpea mosaic virus empty virus-like particles by the proteolytic processing of precursors in insect cells and plants. | to elucidate the mechanism of formation of cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv) particles, rna-2-encoded precursor proteins were expressed in spodoptera frugiperda cells. processing of the 105k and 95k polyproteins in trans to give the mature large (l) and small (s) coat proteins required both the 32k proteinase cofactor and the 24k proteinase itself, while processing of vp60, consisting of the fused l-s protein, required only the 24k proteinase. release of the l and s proteins resulted in the formation o ... | 2009 | 19733890 |
| brassinosteroids interact negatively with jasmonates in the formation of anti-herbivory traits in tomato. | given the susceptibility of tomato plants to pests, the aim of the present study was to understand how hormones are involved in the formation of tomato natural defences against insect herbivory. tomato hormone mutants, previously introgressed into the same genetic background of reference, were screened for alterations in trichome densities and allelochemical content. ethylene, gibberellin, and auxin mutants indirectly showed alteration in trichome density, through effects on epidermal cell area. ... | 2009 | 19734261 |
| efficacy of cry1ac:cry1f proteins in cotton leaf tissue against fall armyworm, beet armyworm, and soybean looper (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., plants expressing cry1ac and cry1f insecticidal crystal proteins of bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) were evaluated against selected lepidopteran pests including fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), and soybean looper, pseudoplusia includens (walker). studies were conducted in a range of environments, challenging various cotton tissue types from several varieties containing a combination of cry1ac and cr ... | 2009 | 19736762 |
| membrane-disruptive properties of the bioinsecticide jaburetox-2ec: implications to the mechanism of the action of insecticidal peptides derived from ureases. | jaburetox-2ec, a recombinant peptide derived from an urease isoform (jbure-ii), displays high insecticidal activity against important pests such as spodoptera frugiperda and dysdercus peruvianus. although the molecular mechanism of action of ureases-derived peptides remains unclear, previous ab initio data suggest the presence of structural motifs in jaburetox-2ec with characteristics similar to those found in a class of pore-forming peptides. here, we investigated the molecular aspects of the i ... | 2009 | 19751848 |
| eicosanoids influence insect susceptibility to nucleopolyhedroviruses. | nine pharmaceutical inhibitors of eicosanoid biosynthesis (e.g., bromophenacyl bromide, clotrimazole, diclofenamic acid, esculetin, flufenamic acid, indomethacin, nimesulide, sulindac, tolfenamic acid) that increased the susceptibility of the gypsy moth, lymantria dispar (l.), to the nucleopolyhedrovirus ldmnpv were tested against the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua (hübner), the corn earworm helicoverpa zea (boddie) and the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) and their respective n ... | 2009 | 19761772 |
| the dlt operon of bacillus cereus is required for resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and for virulence in insects. | the dlt operon encodes proteins that alanylate teichoic acids, the major components of cell walls of gram-positive bacteria. this generates a net positive charge on bacterial cell walls, repulsing positively charged molecules and conferring resistance to animal and human cationic antimicrobial peptides (amps) in gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. amps damage the bacterial membrane and are the most effective components of the humoral immune response against bacteria. we investigated the role of t ... | 2009 | 19767427 |
| control of the release of digestive enzymes in the larvae of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda. | there is a basal level of enzyme activity for trypsin, aminopeptidase, amylase, and lipase in the gut of unfed larval (l6) spodoptera frugiperda. trypsin activity does not decrease with non-feeding, possibly because of the low protein levels in plants along with high amino acid requirements for growth and storage (for later reproduction in adults). therefore, trypsin must always be present so that only a minimal protein loss via egestion occurs. larvae, however, adjust amylase activity to carboh ... | 2010 | 19771560 |
| three dimensional structure of the closed conformation (active) of human merlin reveals masking of actin binding site in the ferm domain. | we modelled the structure of human merlin using the structure of moesin from spodoptera frugiperda as the template. the present model suggests an interaction of its extreme c-terminal region with the subdomains b and c of ferm domain, masking the binding site of beta ii spectrin. modelling the complete structure of merlin revealed a novel central alpha helical domain with a helix-coil-helix. the actin binding site in the carboxy terminal is absent in merlin and in its closed conformation the ind ... | 2009 | 19778867 |
| expression of human cu, zn-superoxide dismutase in an insect cell-free system and its structural analysis by maldi-tof ms. | human cu, zn-superoxide dismutase (hsod1) is a homodimer that coordinates one copper and one zinc ion per monomer. these metal ions contribute to its enzymatic activity and structural stability. in addition, hsod1 maintains an intra-subunit disulfide bond formed in the reducing environment of the cytosol and is active under a variety of stringent denaturing conditions. we report the expression of hsod1 in a cell-free protein synthesis system constructed from spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insec ... | 2009 | 19788901 |
| antifeedant activity of anticopalic acid isolated from vitex hemsleyi. | the known labdane-type diterpenoids anticopalic acid (1) and 3 beta-hydroxyanticopalic acid (2) were isolated from extracts of the aerial parts of vitex hemsleyi briq. (labiatae). the acid 1 showed an antifeedant, dose-dependent activity against spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). to our knowledge this is the first report on the antifeedant activity of a labdane-type diterpene against s. frugiperda. | 2009 | 19791500 |
| maitotoxin converts the plasmalemmal ca(2+) pump into a ca(2+)-permeable nonselective cation channel. | maitotoxin (mtx) activates ca(2+)-permeable nonselective cation channels and causes a dramatic increase in cytosolic free ca(2+) concentration ([ca(2+)](i)) in every cell examined to date, but the molecular identity of the channels involved remains unknown. a clue came from studies of a structurally related marine toxin called palytoxin (ptx). ptx binds to the plasmalemmal na(+)-k(+)-atpase (nka) and converts the na(+) pump into a nonselective cation channel. given the high permeability of the m ... | 2009 | 19794142 |
| lysozymes and lysozyme-like proteins from the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda. | lysozyme is an important component of the insect non-specific immune response against bacteria that is characterized by its ability to break down bacterial cell-walls. by searching an est database from the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (negre et al., 2006), we identified five sequences encoding proteins of the lysozyme family. the deduced protein sequences corresponded to three classical c-type lysozymes sf-lys1, sf-lys2 and sf-lys3, and two lysozyme-like proteins, sf-llp1 and sf-llp2. sf ... | 2009 | 19828200 |
| eudragit s100 microparticles containing spodoptera frugiperda nucleopolyehedrovirus: physicochemical characterization, photostability and in vitro virus release. | the aim of this study was to encapsulate the occlusion bodies (obs) of spodoptera frugiperda nucleopolyhedrovirus (sfnpv) in eudragit s100 microparticles (mps), considering this technique as a possible alternative to protect them from deleterious environmental conditions. the mps were prepared by oil-in-oil emulsion (o/o) solvent evaporation method. experimental conditions were established according to a previous multi-level experimental design involving the core/polymer ratio as independent var ... | 2010 | 19839785 |
| sequencing of spodoptera frugiperda midgut trehalases and demonstration of secretion of soluble trehalase by midgut columnar cells. | both soluble (sftre1) and membrane-bound (sftre2) trehalases occur along the midgut of spodoptera frugiperda larvae. released sftre2 was purified as a 67 kda protein. its k(m) (1.6 mm) and thermal stability (half life 10 min at 62 degrees c) are different from the previously isolated soluble trehalase (k(m)= 0.47 mm; 100% stable at 62 degrees c). two cdnas coding for s. frugiperda trehalases have been cloned using primers based on consensus sequences of trehalases and having as templates a cdna ... | 2009 | 19843188 |
| identification of genes encoding n-glycan processing beta-n-acetylglucosaminidases in trichoplusia ni and bombyx mori: implications for glycoengineering of baculovirus expression systems. | glycoproteins produced by non-engineered insects or insect cell lines characteristically bear truncated, paucimannose n-glycans in place of the complex n-glycans produced by mammalian cells. a key reason for this difference is the presence of a highly specific n-glycan processing beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase in insect, but not in mammalian systems. thus, reducing or abolishing this enzyme could enhance the ability of glycoengineered insects or insect cell lines to produce complex n-glycans. of t ... | 2010 | 19882694 |
| integration of ethylene and jasmonic acid signaling pathways in the expression of maize defense protein mir1-cp. | in plants, ethylene and jasmonate control the defense responses to multiple stressors, including insect predation. among the defense proteins known to be regulated by ethylene is maize insect resistance 1-cysteine protease (mir1-cp). this protein is constitutively expressed in the insect-resistant maize (zea mays) genotype mp708; however, its abundance significantly increases during fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) herbivory. within 1 h of herbivory by fall armyworm, mir1-cp accumulates at ... | 2009 | 19888821 |
| dissecting cross-reactivity in hymenoptera venom allergy by circumvention of alpha-1,3-core fucosylation. | hymenoptera venom allergy is known to cause life-threatening and sometimes fatal ige-mediated anaphylactic reactions in allergic individuals. about 30-50% of patients with insect venom allergy have ige antibodies that react with both honeybee and yellow jacket venom. apart from true double sensitisation, ige against cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (ccd) are the most frequent cause of multiple reactivities severely hampering the diagnosis and design of therapeutic strategies by clinicall ... | 2010 | 19896717 |
| transcript profiles of two wheat lipid transfer protein-encoding genes are altered during attack by hessian fly larvae. | a sequence encoding a putative type-1 lipid transfer protein from wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell) was identified through 'genecalling', an mrna profiling technology. the mrna for the hfr-ltp (hessian fly-responsive lipid transfer protein) gene decreased in abundance (196-fold) in susceptible wheat plants over the first eight days of attack by virulent hessian fly larvae (mayetiola destructor say). hfr-ltp encodes a putative protein containing eight cysteine residues that are conserved amon ... | 2010 | 19914842 |
| production and n-glycosylation of recombinant human cell adhesion molecule l1 from insect cells using the stable expression system. effect of dimethyl sulfoxide. | l1 is a cell adhesion molecule that is heavily glycosylated and is essential for normal development of the central nervous system. in this work, we compare the n-glycosylation of the l1 mutant that consists of immunoglobulin domains 5 and 6 (l1/ig5-6), expressed in insect spodoptera frugiperda sf9 and trichoplusia ni tn cells, using the stable expression system. l1/ig5-6 levels of 30 and 8mgl(-1) were obtained from the two cell lines, respectively. the n-glycans were characterized by high-perfor ... | 2010 | 19922746 |
| [pathogenicity and genetic divergence of two isolates of microsporidia nosema bombycis]. | microsporidia nosema bombycis is a fungal pathogen that causes epidemic pebrine disease in bombyx mori. two n. bombycis isolates were obtained from two areas in china and showed different pathogenicity after spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cell cultivation. the regions of rdnas from different isolates were analyzed, suggesting no relationship between the genetic divergence and their geographic distributions. further analysis showed that several copies of ssu rdna units in n. bombycis were interrupted ... | 2009 | 19933093 |
| herbivore response in passion fruit (passiflora edulis sims) plants: induction of lipoxygenase activity in leaf tissue in response to generalist and specialist insect attack. | lipoxygenases (loxs, ec 1.13.11.12) are a class of non-heme iron containing dioxygenases which catalyze the regiospecific and stereospecific hydroperoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids with 1,4-pentadiene system such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid in plants. in this work we studied the lox activity in damaged as well as in distal leaves in response to specialist (agraulis vanillae vanillae) or generalist (spodoptera frugiperda) insect attack. enzymatic assays showed that induction of l ... | 2010 | 19995344 |
| stability of a spodoptera frugiperda nucleopolyhedrovirus deletion recombinant during serial passage in insects. | the stabilities of the spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (sfmnpv) complete genome bacmid (sfbac) and a deletion recombinant (sf29null) in which the sf29 gene was replaced by a kanamycin resistance cassette were determined during sequential rounds of per os infection in insect larvae. the sf29 gene is a viral factor that determines the number of virions in occlusion bodies (obs). the sf29null bacmid virus was able to recover the sf29 gene during passage. after the third passage ... | 2010 | 20008167 |
| texas is the overwintering source of fall armyworm in central pennsylvania: implications for migration into the northeastern united states. | fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), infestations in most of north america arise from annual migrations of populations that overwinter in southern texas and florida. cytochrome oxidase i haplotype profiles within the fall armyworm corn strain, the subgroup that preferentially infests corn (zea mays l.), can differentiate the texas and florida populations. we use this molecular metric to show that fall armyworms in central pennsylvania originate from texas, ... | 2009 | 20021748 |
| activity of oil-formulated conidia of the fungal entomopathogens nomuraea rileyi and isaria tenuipes against lepidopterous larvae. | the fungi nomuraea rileyi and isaria tenuipes (=paecilomyces tenuipes) are ecologically obligate, widespread pathogens of lepidopterans. bioassays were carried out to evaluate the activity of oil-suspended conidia of n. rileyi and i. tenuipes against larvae of spodoptera frugiperda, spodoptera exigua, helicoverpa zea, and heliothis virescens. the tests consisted of two bioassay sets. in the first set, conidia of n. rileyi and i. tenuipes were suspended in water+tween 80, and in vegetable (canola ... | 2010 | 20025883 |
| characterization of the interdependency between residues that bind the substrate in a beta-glycosidase. | the manner by which effects of simultaneous mutations combine to change enzymatic activity is not easily predictable because these effects are not always additive in a linear manner. hence, the characterization of the effects of simultaneous mutations of amino acid residues that bind the substrate can make a significant contribution to the understanding of the substrate specificity of enzymes. in the beta-glycosidase from spodoptera frugiperda (sfbetagly), both residues q39 and e451 interact wit ... | 2010 | 20027479 |
| downregulation of a chitin deacetylase-like protein in response to baculovirus infection and its application for improving baculovirus infectivity. | several expressed sequence tags (ests) with homology to chitin deacetylase-like protein (cda) were selected from a group of helicoverpa armigera genes whose expression changed after infection with h. armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (hearnpv). some of these ests coded for a midgut protein containing a chitin deacetylase domain (cdad). the expressed protein, hacda5a, did not show chitin deacetylase activity, but it showed a strong affinity for binding to chitin. sequence analysis showed the l ... | 2010 | 20032185 |
| comparative virulence of beauveria bassiana isolates against lepidopteran pests of vegetable crops. | forty-three isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana were screened for virulence against second-instar larvae of diamondback moth (plutella xylostella) (dbm), european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis) (ecb), corn earworm (helicoverpa zea) (cew), and fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) (faw); 30 of these isolates were tested against beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua) (baw). highly virulent isolates were also tested against black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon) (bcw), and the most viru ... | 2010 | 20060396 |
| field-evolved insect resistance to bt crops: definition, theory, and data. | transgenic crops producing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins for insect pest control have been successful, but their efficacy is reduced when pests evolve resistance. here we review the definition of field-evolved resistance, the relationship between resistance and field control problems, the theory underlying strategies for delaying resistance, and resistance monitoring methods. we also analyze resistance monitoring data from five continents reported in 41 studies that evaluate responses of fi ... | 2009 | 20069826 |
| development and feeding of fall armyworm on miscanthus x giganteus and switchgrass. | observations of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), larvae infesting plots of miscanthus x giganteus greef and deuter ex hodkinson and renvoize prompted laboratory-based tests of survival, development, and feeding preferences on leaf tissue from m. x giganteus and switchgrass, panicum virgatum l. survival from hatch to pupation was >70 and 50% for fall armyworms reared on switchgrass and m. x giganteus, respectively, although survival of the s. frugiperda ... | 2009 | 20069844 |
| subcellular localization and live-cell imaging of the helicoverpa armigera stunt virus replicase in mammalian and spodoptera frugiperda cells. | whilst their structure has been well studied, there is little information on the replication biology of tetraviruses because of the lack of suitable tissue-culture cell lines that support virus replication. in this study, the potential site of helicoverpa armigera stunt virus replication was investigated by transient expression of the replicase protein fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) in mammalian and insect cells. when egfp was present at the c terminus of the protein, fluores ... | 2010 | 20107015 |
| pkc activation contributes to caspase-mediated eif2alpha phosphorylation and cell death. | stress-induced phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eif2alpha), involved in translation, promotes cell suicide or survival. since multiple signaling pathways are implicated in cell death, the present study has analyzed the importance of pkc activation in the stress-induced eif2alpha phosphorylation, caspase activation and cell death in the ovarian cells of spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) and in their extracts. | 2010 | 20123115 |
| mass spectrometry-based gpcr proteomics: comprehensive characterization of the human cannabinoid 1 receptor. | the human cannabinoid 1 receptor (hcb1), a ubiquitous g protein-coupled receptor (gpcr), transmits cannabinergic signals that participate in diverse (patho)physiological processes. pharmacotherapeutic hcb1 targeting is considered a tractable approach for treating such prevalent diseases as obesity, mood disorders, and drug addiction. the hydrophobic nature of the transmembrane helices of hcb1 presents a formidable difficulty to its direct structural analysis. comprehensive experimental character ... | 2010 | 20131867 |
| prorenin processing enzyme (ppe) produced by baculovirus-infected sf-9 insect cells: ppe is the cysteine protease encoded in the acmnpv gene. | in infection cultures of spodoptera frugiperda (sf-9) insect cells with a recombinant baculovirus, vhpr, carrying human preprorenin cdna in the polyhedrin locus of autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv), the expressed inactive recombinant human (rh)-prorenin is reported to be proteolytically processed to yield active rh-renin in the very late phase of culture (takahashi et al., biosci. biotechnol. biochem., 71, 2610-2613 (2007)). to identify the enzyme that catalyzes ... | 2010 | 20139610 |
| expression of n-terminally truncated forms of rat peroxiredoxin-4 in insect cells. | peroxiredoxins (prxs), a family of thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases, are highly conserved in many organisms and function in detoxifying reactive oxygen species as well as other cellular processes. six members of the prx family are known in mammals, i.e., prx-1 through -6. among these proteins, only prx-4 appears to contain a signal peptide that serves for localization in the endoplasmic reticulum, membrane translocation and secretion into the extracellular space, as demonstrated in a previous s ... | 2010 | 20144717 |
| plants on constant alert: elevated levels of jasmonic acid and jasmonate-induced transcripts in caterpillar-resistant maize. | this study was conducted to determine if constitutive levels of jasmonic acid (ja) and other octadecanoid compounds were elevated prior to herbivory in a maize genotype with documented resistance to fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) and other lepidopteran pests. the resistant inbred mp708 had approximately 3-fold higher levels of jasmonic acid (ja) prior to herbivore feeding than the susceptible inbred tx601. constitutive levels of cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (opda) also were higher in mp70 ... | 2010 | 20148356 |
| herbivore- and elicitor-induced resistance in rice to the rice water weevil (lissorhoptrus oryzophilus kuschel) in the laboratory and field. | feeding by herbivores can change plants in ways that make them more resistant to subsequent herbivory. such induced responses are better-studied in a number of model dicots than in rice and other cereals. in a series of greenhouse and field experiments, we assessed the effects of prior herbivory by the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) and of exogenous applications of jasmonic acid (ja) on the resistance of rice plants to the rice water weevil, lissorhoptrus oryzophilus (kuschel) ... | 2010 | 20151182 |
| identification of two antagonists of the scavenger receptor cd36 using a high-throughput screening model. | cd36, a class b scavenger receptor, is an integral membrane protein that mediates the endocytosis of modified lipoproteins. the functions of cd36 are complex and have been associated with atherosclerosis. in the current study, we developed a high-throughput screening (hts) assay to identify small molecule antagonists by expressing human cd36 using a bac-to-bac baculovirus expression system in spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells. uptake of 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perc ... | 2010 | 20152792 |
| phosphorylation of eif2 alpha in sf9 cells: a stress, survival and suicidal signal. | an analysis of the stress-induced phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor (eif2alpha) involved in translation regulation, in the ovarian cells of spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) for its role in cell survival and death reveals that it stimulates casapase activation and cell death in the absence of bip, a chaperone and stress marker of the endoplasmic reticulum (er). while phospho-jnk and gadd-153 levels are elevated in non-er stress-induced eif2alpha phosphorylation-media ... | 2010 | 20162453 |
| the expanded pharmacological profile of histamine h2 receptor (h2r) species isoforms with respect to the interaction with new squaramide h2r ligands, in the gtp-ase assay. | we comprehensively characterized the human (h), guinea pig (gp), canine (c) and rat (r) h2r species isoforms on spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cell membranes expressing h2r-g(salpha) with respect to the interaction with new ligands derived from squaramide. | 2009 | 20191855 |
| a cell-free protein synthesis system from insect cells. | the transdirect insect cell is a newly developed in vitro translation system for mrna templates, which utilizes an extract from cultured spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cells. an expression vector, ptd1, which includes a 5'-untranslated region (utr) sequence from a baculovirus polyhedrin gene as a translational enhancer, was also developed to obtain maximum performance from the insect cell-free protein synthesis system. this combination of insect cell extract and expression vector results ... | 2010 | 20204846 |
| genetic and biological variation among nucleopolyhedrovirus isolates from the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | a pcr-based method was used to identify and distinguish among 40 uncharacterized nucleopolyhedrovirus (npv) isolates from larvae of the moth spodoptera frugiperda that were part of an insect virus collection. phylogenetic analysis was carried out with sequences amplified from two strongly conserved loci (polh and lef-8) from the 40 isolates in the collection and from eight previously studied s. frugiperda npv (sfmnpv) isolates. to further distinguish these isolates, analysis was also carried out ... | 2010 | 20213487 |
| high-level expression of functional recombinant human coagulation factor vii in insect cells. | recombinant coagulation factor vii (fvii) is used as a potential therapeutic intervention in hemophilia patients who produce antibodies against the coagulation factors. mammalian cell lines provide low levels of expression, however, the spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cell line and baculovirus expression system are powerful systems for high-level expression of recombinant proteins, but due to the lack of endogenous vitamin k-dependent carboxylase, expression of functional fvii using this system is imp ... | 2010 | 20213530 |
| effects of larval exposure to sublethal concentrations of methoxyfenozide in spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith). | methoxyfenozide is an ecdysone agonist, the most new class of insect growth regulators. most studies of the toxicity of ecdysone agonists on lepidopteran pests have been conducted during the larval stages, and little has been published regarding its sublethal effects in the surviving individuals. in this study, the lethal and sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide on the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) were assessed. for this, fifth instars of this pest ... | 2009 | 20222601 |
| controlling the fall armyworm in sweet corn and popcorn with ddt. | | 1946 | 20286305 |
| trichoplusia ni cells (high five) are highly efficient for the production of influenza a virus-like particles: a comparison of two insect cell lines as production platforms for influenza vaccines. | virus-like particles (vlps) consisting of the influenza a virus proteins haemagglutinin (ha) and matrix protein (m1) represent a new alternative approach for vaccine design against influenza virus. influenza vlps can be fast and easily produced in sufficient amounts in insect cells using the baculovirus expression system. up to now, influenza vlps have been produced in the spodoptera frugiperda cell line sf9. we compared vlp production in terms of yield and quality in two insect cell lines, name ... | 2010 | 20300881 |
| population variation of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, in the western hemisphere. | spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), the fall armyworm is the most economically important maize pest in the western hemisphere. this research focused on the genetic variability of the maize host strain because there is a lack of information in this area of s. frugiperda research. amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) was used to assess the genetic variability of s. frugiperda over a large geographic area. twenty populations were collected from the maize, one popul ... | 2007 | 20334595 |
| comparative molecular and biochemical characterization of segmentally duplicated 9-lipoxygenase genes zmlox4 and zmlox5 of maize. | lipoxygenases (loxs) catalyze hydroperoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) to form structurally and functionally diverse oxylipins. precise physiological and biochemical functions of individual members of plant multigene lox families are largely unknown. herein we report on molecular and biochemical characterization of two closely related maize 9-lipoxygenase paralogs, zmlox4 and zmlox5. recombinant zmlox5 protein displayed clear 9-lox regio-specificity at both neutral and slightly a ... | 2010 | 20349083 |
| extensive synteny conservation of holocentric chromosomes in lepidoptera despite high rates of local genome rearrangements. | the recent assembly of the silkworm bombyx mori genome with 432 mb on 28 holocentric chromosomes has become a reference in the genomic analysis of the very diverse order of lepidoptera. we sequenced bacs from two major pests, the noctuid moths helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera frugiperda, corresponding to 15 regions distributed on 11 b. mori chromosomes, each bac/region being anchored by known orthologous gene(s) to analyze syntenic relationships and genome rearrangements among the three speci ... | 2010 | 20388903 |
| population genetic structure of two primary parasitoids of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera), chelonus insularis and campoletis sonorensis (hymenoptera): to what extent is the host plant important? | plant chemistry can strongly influence interactions between herbivores and their natural enemies, either by providing volatile compounds that serve as foraging cues for parasitoids or predators, or by affecting the quality of herbivores as hosts or prey. through these effects plants may influence parasitoid population genetic structure. we tested for a possible specialization on specific crop plants in chelonus insularis and campoletis sonorensis, two primary parasitoids of the fall armyworm, sp ... | 2010 | 20406384 |
| sustainable synthesis of flavonoid derivatives, qsar study and insecticidal activity against the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (lep.: noctuidae). | a simple, clean, solvent-free preparation of flavones by the use of a silica-supported preyssler heteropolyacid as reusable catalyst is described. high selectivity and very good yields (87-94%) were obtained in short reaction times (7-13 min). bioassays for insecticidal activity against spodoptera frugiperda were carried out with a set of flavones. bioassays showed that some of the flavones had moderate insecticidal activity. quantitative structure-activity relationships were established on the ... | 2010 | 20415424 |
| enhanced expression of recombinant proteins utilizing a modified baculovirus expression vector. | the baculovirus expression vector system (bevs) has been widely used for over-expressing eukaryotic proteins due to a close resemblance in post-translational modification, processing, and transportation properties of the expressed protein, to that of the mammalian cells. in comparison to the bacterial expression system, protein yield from bevs is relatively low, resulting in higher cost of production. to improve the existing recombinant protein expression levels, baculovirus homologous region1 ( ... | 2010 | 20424933 |
| puerto rico fall armyworm has only limited interactions with those from brazil or texas but could have substantial exchanges with florida populations. | fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is an important agricultural pest that is endemic to puerto rico and the rest of the caribbean islands. relatively little is known about the population movements of fall armyworm in the caribbean and the magnitude of genetic interactions, if any, with populations from north, south, and central america. to address this issue, a novel method involving mitochondrial haplotype ratios currently being used to study the migrati ... | 2010 | 20429449 |
| functional analysis of the inhibitor of apoptosis genes in antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (iap) plays an important role in cell apoptosis. we cloned two novel iap family members, ap-iap1 and ap-iap2, from antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus (apnpv) genome. ap-iap1 contains two baculoviral iap repeat (bir) domains followed by a ring domain, but ap-iap2 has only one bir domain and ring. the result of transient expression in spodoptera frugiperda (sf21) showed that ap-iap1 blocked cell apoptosis induced by actinomycin d treatment and also rescued th ... | 2010 | 20437152 |
| the synthesis and characterization of cellular membrane affinity chromatography columns for the study of human multidrug resistant proteins mrp1, mrp2 and human breast cancer resistant protein bcrp using membranes obtained from spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) insect cells. | cmac (cellular membrane affinity chromatography columns) have been developed for the study of the human multidrug transporters mrp1, mrp2 and the breast cancer resistance protein (bcrp). the columns were constructed using the immobilized artificial membrane (iam) stationary phase and cellular membrane fragments obtained from spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells that had been stably transfected with human mrp1, mrp2 or bcrp cdna, using a baculovirus expression system. the resulting cmac(sf9(mrp1)), ... | 2010 | 20441926 |
| nitrogen deficiency affects bottom-up cascade without disrupting indirect plant defense. | nitrogen (n) is an important macronutrient for plants and insects alike, and the availability of this critical element may considerably modify bottom-up effects in tritrophic systems. by using hydroponically cultured glycine max, we investigated the impact of n deficiency on plant growth, photosynthetic efficiency, primary metabolism, and herbivore-induced volatile (voc) emission. cascading effects of n deficiency on higher trophic levels were assessed by measuring the performances of the herbiv ... | 2010 | 20443049 |
| pathogenesis of junonia coenia densovirus in spodoptera frugiperda: a route of infection that leads to hypoxia. | to evaluate densovirus potential against lepidopteran pests and their capacity to invade new hosts, we have characterised in vivo the infection and pathogenesis of the junonia coenia densovirus (jcdnv) in the noctuid pest spodoptera frugiperda. here we show that infection starts with the ingestion of viral particles that cross the midgut epithelium without replicating. by quantitative pcr we established the kinetic and the route of infection, from virus ingestion to replication in visceral trach ... | 2010 | 20457461 |
| attraction of the parasitoid cotesia marginiventris to host (spodoptera frugiperda) frass is affected by transgenic maize. | we assessed in the laboratory the attraction of the parasitoid cotesia marginiventris (cresson) toward odors emitted by conventional maize (zea mays l. ssp. mays) and bt (bacillus thuringiensis) maize seedlings following actual or simulated injury by spodoptera frugiperda (smith), the parasitoid's host, and emitted by the host's frass, produced following consumption of conventional or bt maize seedlings. females of c. marginiventris exhibited similarly strong responses to conventional and bt mai ... | 2010 | 20480228 |
| inhibition of microrna-14 contributes to actinomycin-d-induced apoptosis in the sf9 insect cell line. | actinomycin-d (act-d) and other inhibitors of rna synthesis induce extensive and rapid apoptosis in the lepidopteran insect cells. interestingly, a similar effect is not observed in the case of protein synthesis shutdown, implying that certain rna species may be critically required for cell survival. in order to assess whether depletion of certain anti-apoptotic micrornas may result in insect cell apoptosis induced by these transcriptional inhibitors, we inhibited two antiapoptotic micrornas, vi ... | 2010 | 20486901 |
| [effects of adult feeding on the reproduction and longevity of noctuidae, crambidae, tortricidae and elachistidae species]. | this research evaluates the effect of the adult diet on the reproduction of anticarsia gemmatalis hübner, heliothis virescens (fabr.), spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (noctuidae), diatraea saccharalis (fabr.) (crambidae), gymnandrosoma aurantianum lima (tortricidae) and stenoma catenifer walsingham (elachistidae). adults of all species were fed either water or a 10% honey solution. the egg viability for the 1st and 2nd egg masses, adult fecundity, longevity, number of mating and the ovigeny ... | 2010 | 20498952 |
| colonization of rice and spodoptera frugiperda j.e. smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae by genetically modified endophytic methylobacterium mesophilicum. | the colonization of spodoptera frugiperda j.e. smith larvae and rice seedlings by genetically modified endophytic bacterium methylobacterium mesophilicum, and also the possible transfer of this bacterium to inside the larva's body during seedlings consumption were studied. the data obtained by bacterial reisolation and fluorescence microscopy showed that the bacterium colonized the rice seedlings, the larva's body and that the endophytic bacteria present in seedlings could be acquired by the lar ... | 2010 | 20498973 |
| a novel wheat gene encoding a putative chitin-binding lectin is associated with resistance against hessian fly. | summary the gene-for-gene interaction triggering resistance of wheat against first-instar hessian fly larvae utilizes specialized defence response genes not previously identified in other interactions with pests or pathogens. we characterized the expression of hfr-3, a novel gene encoding a lectin-like protein with 68-70% identity to the wheat germ agglutinins. within each of the four predicted chitin-binding hevein domains, the hfr-3 translated protein sequence contained five conserved sacchari ... | 2007 | 20507479 |
| the pharmacological activity of some new fluorescent small molecule histamine h2 receptor (h2-r) ligands, derived from aminopotentidine and squaramide, in the gtpase assay. | we characterized the pharmacological activity of some new fluorescent and nonfluorescent ligands derived from aminopotentidine and squaramide with respect to the interaction with human (h) and guinea pig (gp) h2r species isoforms on spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cell membranes expressing h2r-gsalpha fusion proteins. | 2010 | 20509312 |
| exogenous and endogenous protease inhibitors in the gut of the fall armyworm larvae, spodoptera frugiperda. | a dose-dependent inhibition of endogenous trypsin and aminopeptidase occurs in the lumen of spodoptera frugiperda after feeding l6 larvae exogenous inhibitors soybean trypsin inhibitor (sbti), tosyl-l-lysine chloromethyl ketone-hcl (tlck), or bestatin, respectively, for 3 days. tlck inhibits trypsin in tissue extracts and in secretions more strongly than sbti. the aminopeptidase released into the lumen (containing the peritrophic membrane) is strongly inhibited by bestatin, but the membrane-boun ... | 2010 | 20513059 |
| rnai-mediated knockdown of a spodoptera frugiperda trypsin-like serine-protease gene reduces susceptibility to a bacillus thuringiensis cry1ca1 protoxin. | sft6 has been identified in a subtracted cdna library of spodoptera frugiperda larval midgut transcripts as a serine-protease gene downregulated within 24 h of intoxication with bacillus thuringiensis cry1ca1 protein. in the present study, the specific role of sft6 during cry1ca1 intoxication was investigated by rt-pcr and in vivo rna interference. quantitative real-time rt-pcr analysis showed sft6 mrna levels in the midgut tissue were significantly reduced after injecting or feeding 4th-instar ... | 2010 | 20545748 |
| n-glycosylation engineering of lepidopteran insect cells by the introduction of the beta1,4-n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase iii gene. | the baculovirus-insect cell expression system is in widespread use for expressing post-translationally modified proteins. as a result, it is potentially applicable for the production of glycoproteins for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. for practical use, however, remodeling of the biosynthetic pathway of host-cell n-glycosylation is required because insect cells produce paucimannosidic glycoforms, which are different from the typical mammalian glycoform, due to trimming of the non-reducing ... | 2010 | 20554946 |
| hfr-2, a wheat cytolytic toxin-like gene, is up-regulated by virulent hessian fly larval feedingdouble dagger. | summary both yield and grain-quality are dramatically decreased when susceptible wheat (triticum aestivum) plants are infested by hessian fly (mayetiola destructor) larvae. examination of the changes in wheat gene expression during infestation by virulent hessian fly larvae has identified the up-regulation of a gene, hessian fly responsive-2 (hfr-2), which contains regions similar to genes encoding seed-specific agglutinin proteins from amaranthus. hfr-2, however, did not accumulate in developin ... | 2005 | 20565667 |
| characterization of the earwig, doru lineare, as a predator of larvae of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda: a functional response study. | spodoptera frugiperda smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is considered as the most important pest of maize in almost all tropical america. in argentina, the earwig doru lineare eschscholtz (dermaptera: forficulidae) has been observed preying on s. frugiperda egg masses in corn crops, but no data about its potential role as a biocontrol agent of this pest have been provided. the predation efficiency of d. lineare on newly emerged s. frugiperda larva was evaluated through a laboratory functional respo ... | 2010 | 20575739 |
| efficient production of human fas receptor extracellular domain-human igg1 heavy chain fc domain fusion protein using baculovirus/silkworm expression system. | the fusion protein consisting of human fas receptor extracellular domain and human igg1 heavy chain fc domain (hfasrecd-fc) is a medically important protein that potentially has therapeutic uses. the fusion gene composed of a synthetic human fas receptor extracellular domain gene and the cdna encoding human igg1 heavy chain fc domain was investigated on the secretory expression using two baculovirus systems which employed either spodoptera frugiperda 9 (sf9) cell line or bombyx mori (silkworm) l ... | 2010 | 20576530 |
| attempts at producing a hybridised penaeus mondon cell line by cellular fusion. | the lack of a standardised system for the isolation, identification and purification of prawn viruses, is a major obstacle to the control of viruses in penaeid aquaculture. to date, spontaneous and induced transformation of somatic penaeid cells has failed. hybrid cells with the aim of supporting the growth of penaeid viruses were created using polyethylene glycol (peg)-mediated fusion with two immortal cell lines, epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (epc) and spodoptera frugiperda pupal ovarian cell ... | 2010 | 20580832 |
| fungal endophytes of native grasses decrease insect herbivore preference and performance. | endophytic fungal symbionts of grasses are well known for their protective benefit of herbivory reduction. however, the majority of studies on endophyte-grass symbioses have been conducted on economically important, agricultural species-particularly tall fescue (lolium arundinaceum) and perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne)-raising the hypothesis that strong benefits are the product of artificial selection. we examined whether fungal endophytes found in natural populations of native grass species ... | 2010 | 20585809 |
| insecticidal activity of two proteases against spodoptera frugiperda larvae infected with recombinant baculoviruses. | baculovirus comprise the largest group of insect viruses most studied worldwide, mainly because they efficiently kill agricultural insect pests. in this study, two recombinant baculoviruses containing the scathl gene from sarcophaga peregrina (vsynscathl), and the keratinase gene from the fungus aspergillus fumigatus (vsynkerat), were constructed, and their insecticidal properties analysed against spodoptera frugiperda larvae. | 2010 | 20587066 |
| preparation of connexin43-integrated giant liposomes by a baculovirus expression-liposome fusion method. | connexin-43 (cx43) containing giant liposomes (gl) were prepared by a baculovirus expression-liposome fusion method. recombinant budded viruses expressing cx43 were prepared and then fused with gls containing dopg/dopc at ph 4.5. connexon formation on the gl membrane was observed by transmission electron microscope. hydrophilic fluorescent dye transfers were observed through a cx43-mediated pathway not only between sf9 (spodoptera frugiperda) cells with cx43 but also from giant cx43 liposomes to ... | 2010 | 20589840 |
| efficient production of an antibody fab fragment using the baculovirus-insect cell system. | the production of an fab fragment of the catalytic antibody 6d9 in lepidopteran insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus that contained both the heavy chain (hc) and light chain (lc) genes of the fab fragment was investigated. western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) of culture supernatant showed that baculovirus-infected trichoplusia ni bti-tn-5b1-4 (high five) cells secreted an fab fragment that retained antigen-binding activity. infection of high five cells w ... | 2010 | 20591732 |
| functional and biochemical properties of mal de río cuarto virus (fijivirus, reoviridae) p9-1 viroplasm protein show further similarities to animal reovirus counterparts. | mal de río cuarto virus (mrcv) is a plant virus of the genus fijivirus within the family reoviridae that infects several monocotyledonous species and is transmitted by planthoppers in a persistent and propagative manner. other members of the family replicate in viral inclusion bodies (vibs) termed viroplasms that are formed in the cytoplasm of infected plant and insect cells. in this study, the protein coded by the first orf of mrcv segment s9 (p9-1) was shown to establish cytoplasmic inclusion ... | 2010 | 20600394 |
| selective effects of natural and synthetic insecticides on mortality of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and its predator eriopis connexa (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | spodoptera frugiperda smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is a serious pest of corn in several american countries. it is mainly controlled with synthetic insecticides. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of the natural products, neem oil and pyroligneous extract, and the synthetic insecticide, lufenuron, at 2.50 ml water (0.25%) on the mortality of 2-, 4- and 6-day-old caterpillars of s. frugiperda, and their selectivities against fourth instar larvae of eriopis connnexa germar ... | 2010 | 20603748 |
| baculovirus expression system: an alternative for producing catalytically active human ptp-1b. | protein tyrosine phosphatases (ptps) play multiple roles in many physiological processes. over-expression of the ptps has been shown to be associated with cellular toxicity, which may also lead to the deletion of the respective gene from stable cell clones. we also observed that ptp-1b over-expression in cho and hek293 stable cell clones led to cytotoxicity and low revival rates during clone generation and maintenance. to address these issues, bacmid transposition technology was utilized to gene ... | 2010 | 20608179 |
| recombinant peroxidase production in species of lepidoptera frequently found in argentina. | horseradish peroxidase isozyme c (hrpc) is an important commercial biocatalyst. in this study, a screening of different lepidopteran species frequently found in argentina to produce this protein was carried out. two recombinant viruses were constructed: acmnpv hrpc polyhedrin-minus (occ-), an intrahemocelical infective virus; and acmnpv hrpc polyhedrin-plus (occ+), to achieve an oral infective baculovirus. each lepidopteran species was infected either with acmnpv hrpc occ- or acmnpv hrpc occ+ an ... | 2010 | 20615485 |
| establishment of recombinant cannabinoid receptor assays and characterization of several natural and synthetic ligands. | cannabinoid receptors (cbr) are important drug targets for the treatment of various inflammatory, metabolic and neurological diseases. therefore, sensitive test systems for the assessment of ligands are needed. in this study, a steady-state gtpase assay for human cbr subtypes 1 and 2 was developed to characterize the pharmacological property of ligands at a very proximal point of the signal transduction cascade. establishing these in vitro test sytems, we studied cell or tissue membranes heterog ... | 2010 | 20617431 |
| outer-capsid p8 proteins of phytoreoviruses mediate secretion of assembled virus-like particles from insect cells. | phytoreoviruses are composed of two concentric capsid layers that surround a viral genome. the capsids are formed mainly by the inner-capsid p3 protein and the outer-capsid p8 protein. during the infection of insect-vector cells, these play important roles in packaging the viral genome and the enzymes required for its transcription. p3 and p8 proteins, when co-expressed in spodoptera frugiperda cells, co-localized in cells and were released as spherical clusters. in contrast p3 proteins expresse ... | 2010 | 20631088 |