| rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in cerebrospinal fluid was compared with conventional bacteriology and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for cerebrospinal fluid antibodies in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (tbm). pcr was the most sensitive technique; it detected 15 (75%) of 20 cases of highly probable tbm (based on clinical features), 4 (57%) of 7 probable cases, and 3 (43%) of 7 possible cases. elisa detected 11 (55%) of the highly probable cases and 2 each of the probab ... | 1991 | 1670668 |
| lack of mycobacterial dna in crohn's disease tissue. | | 1991 | 1670810 |
| tuberculous pericarditis confirmed by dna amplification. | | 1991 | 1670813 |
| differentiation of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains by use of a nonradioactive southern blot hybridization method. | the only means of dividing strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis is by phage typing. attempts at developing a convenient method based on differences in chromosomal dna by detecting restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) have had limited success. this report describes the development of a nonradioactive rflp technique that differs from most methods by using enzymes that have four base recognition sites rather than six. the restriction enzymes alui, ddei, hinfi, ndeii, rsai, and taqi wer ... | 1991 | 1672703 |
| emergence of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in hiv-infected patients. | | 1991 | 1672939 |
| is6110: conservation of sequence in the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and its utilization in dna fingerprinting. | multiple copies of an insertion sequence, is6110, were shown to be present in the genome of members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (m. tuberculosis and m. bovis). ten to 12 copies are present in various strains of m. tuberculosis, while strains of m. bovis contain only one to three copies. is6110 was not detected in the dna of other species of mycobacteria. restriction endonuclease analysis indicated that the sequence of is6110 is conserved across strain and species lines. hybridizati ... | 1991 | 1673228 |
| management of severe hypertension in childhood takayasu's arteritis. | six children presented with severe hypertension caused by takayasu's arteritis (ta), of whom four had bilateral renal artery narrowing and two coarctation syndrome. two presented with hypertensive encephalopathy and four with congestive cardiac failure. all had a strongly positive skin reactions to purified protein derivative of mycobacterium tuberculosis. bilateral renal arterial bypass grafts performed in two children resulted in prolonged normalization of their blood pressures, but the grafts ... | 1991 | 1673862 |
| incidence of genital tuberculosis in infertile patients submitted to diagnostic laparoscopy: recent experience in an italian university hospital. | the incidence of genital tuberculosis is decreasing in industrialized countries. the authors report their experience in 254 patients with primary or secondary infertility. out of 101 patients with a tubal factor of infertility, two patients were diagnosed as having tuberculosis by both endometrial biopsy and endometrial culture. in a third patient, even in the presence of laparoscopic findings suggesting genital tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated only from the urine. | 1991 | 1674930 |
| hiv prevalence, immunosuppression, and drug resistance in patients with tuberculosis in an area endemic for aids. | from october 1987 to june 1988, we attempted to determine the prevalence of hiv infection among patients hospitalized with tuberculosis and the extent of immunosuppression among those tuberculosis patients infected with hiv. of 178 consecutive patients, 18-65 years of age, who were hospitalized with newly diagnosed, previously untreated tuberculosis, 46% (82 out of 178) had clinical or serological evidence of hiv infection, 30% (54 out of 178) were hiv-seronegative, and 24% (42 out of 178) could ... | 1991 | 1676282 |
| acid-fast bacilli in colonoscopic brushings. | | 1991 | 1677082 |
| diagnosis of tuberculosis by dna amplification in clinical practice evaluation. | various polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays have been devised for the rapid identification of mycobacteria in clinical specimens. to assess the value of such assays in routine laboratory work the results obtained by pcr were compared with those obtained by standard microbiological methods for 514 specimens collected for investigation of mycobacterial infection. specimens were tested for the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and atypical mycobacteria in two assays, one based on am ... | 1991 | 1677709 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using is6110 as an epidemiological marker in tuberculosis. | the mycobacterial insertion sequence is6110 has been shown to be present in multiple copies in the chromosome of mycobacterium tuberculosis. is6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of strains isolated from patients who developed tuberculosis showed identical patterns over a 2- to 3-year period. in contrast, a high degree of polymorphism was observed between strains of the m. tuberculosis complex isolated from different patients. this study demonstrates that the presence of is611 ... | 1991 | 1677943 |
| [diagnosis and therapy of recent pulmonary tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterium infections]. | | 1991 | 1678772 |
| heat shock proteins and antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the heat shock response of mycobacterium tuberculosis has been characterized in detail by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after metabolic labeling with [35s]methionine and 14c-amino acids. a temperature increase from 37 to 42 degrees c induced elevated synthesis of three major proteins corresponding to the dnak, groel, and groes proteins of m. tuberculosis previously identified as prominent antigens. at higher temperatures (45 to 48 degrees c), synthesis of groel decr ... | 1991 | 1679042 |
| medical and microbiological problems arising from airborne infection in hospitals. | the practical importance and frequency of airborne nosocomial infections has been a matter of dispute for many years. this is because most of the pathogens acquired in hospitals are able to use various different routes of infecting the patient's body so that it may be difficult or even impossible to prove an individual infection to be airborne. only microbes such as streptococcus pyogenes, neisseria meningitidis, corynebacterium diphtheriae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, or certain respiratory vir ... | 1991 | 1679815 |
| successful treatment of tuberculous peritonitis while maintaining patient on capd. | although conventional wisdom advises removal of the tenckhoff catheter as part of the therapy for tuberculous peritonitis, there are a few recent reports of cases successfully treated while maintaining the patients on capd. we wish to report three cases treated without interrupting capd. in two of the patients, cultures were positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis and in the third case, although the cultures were negative, the patient improved on anti-tb medications. smear for afb was positive i ... | 1991 | 1680401 |
| mycobacterial heat-shock proteins as carrier molecules. | we have previously shown that the priming of mice with live mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (bacillus calmette-guérin, bcg) and immunization with the repetitive malaria synthetic peptide (nanp)40 conjugated to purified protein derivative (ppd), led to the induction of high and long-lasting titers of anti-peptide igg antibodies, overcoming the requirement of adjuvants and the genetic restriction of the antibody response to the peptide (lussow et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 1990. 87:2960 ... | 1991 | 1680693 |
| ppd skin test conversion in health-care workers after exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in infants. | | 1991 | 1681199 |
| reactivity of infiltrating t lymphocytes with microbial antigens in crohn's disease. | intestinal t lymphocytes are normally unresponsive to microbial and recall antigens in vitro, whereas the same antigens induce strong immune responses in peripheral-blood-derived t cells. we obtained t lymphocytes from peripheral blood and from the non-inflamed and inflamed intestinal mucosa of 6 patients (3 male, 3 female; mean age 33 years) with crohn's disease. the t cells were stimulated in vitro with a range of microbial antigens. whereas t cells from normal mucosa were unresponsive, those ... | 1991 | 1682646 |
| the molecular targets of t cells in acquired immunity to tuberculosis. | | 1991 | 1684572 |
| occurrence and stability of insertion sequences in mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains: evaluation of an insertion sequence-dependent dna polymorphism as a tool in the epidemiology of tuberculosis. | in this study we established the usefulness of dna fingerprinting for the epidemiology of tuberculosis on the basis of the dna polymorphism generated by the insertion sequence (is) is986. although clinical isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis displayed a remarkably high degree of restriction fragment length polymorphism, we showed that transposition of this is element is an extremely rare event in m. tuberculosis complex strains grown either in vitro or in vivo for long periods of time. the m. ... | 1991 | 1685494 |
| development of monoclonal antibodies reacting against mycobacterial 65 kda heat shock protein by using recombinant truncated products. | a mycobacterial 65 kda molecule is a member of the groel heat shock protein family. we developed mabs reacting against recombinant 65 kda protein by using a gene (ptb12) which encodes this protein. three mabs (b20, b97 and b167) reacted selectively with 65 kda proteins of mycobacterium tuberculosis, bcg and mycobacterium leprae, although b20 and b167 may weakly react with a 15 kda molecule of mammalian cells. one (b108) was obviously cross-reactive between mycobacterial 65 kda and the mammalian ... | 1991 | 1685553 |
| mycobacterial infection is an important infective complication in british asian dialysis patients. | to define the extent and nature of mycobacterial infection in patients on an adult dialysis unit whose catchment population contains a large proportion of non-caucasian subjects, a retrospective survey of all new patients accepted onto our maintenance dialysis programme between january 1987 and december 1989 was carried out. twenty-six asian, 13 afro-caribbean, two oriental and 170 caucasian patients were accepted onto the dialysis programme in the three-year recruitment period. eight of the 26 ... | 1991 | 1686037 |
| extrapulmonary tuberculosis: experience at veterans general hospital-taipei, 1985 to 1987. | from 1985 to 1987, 343 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (tb) were identified, representing about 20% of all the newly diagnosed tb cases at veterans general hospital-taipei. bacteriological and histopathological examinations were of equal importance in making a diagnosis of extrapulmonary tb. however, 79% of the cases of tb meningitis were diagnosed only by positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures for mycobacterium tuberculosis. the pleura, lymph nodes, urinary and osteoarticular systems were t ... | 1991 | 1686884 |
| identification of a 35-kilodalton mycobacterium tuberculosis protein containing b- and t-cell epitopes. | screening of a mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic dna library in the lambda gt11 expression vector was carried out by using, as probes, sera from tuberculous patients and murine monoclonal antibody h61.3 recognizing a mycobacterial 35-kilodalton protein present only on the m. tuberculosis complex. the recombinant beta-galactosidase-fused protein present in the crude lysate induced the proliferation of t lymphocytes from patients with tuberculous pleuritis. as the recombinant insert contains an i ... | 1990 | 1688420 |
| ghost mycobacteria on gram stain. | the gram stain is a key tool in diagnostic microbiology. its usefulness with respect to mycobacteria is undefined. the neutrality of mycobacteria other than mycobacterium tuberculosis on gram staining of various clinical specimens is described. | 1990 | 1688872 |
| suppression of t-cell proliferation by mycobacterium leprae and its products: the role of lipopolysaccharide. | addition of soluble molecules obtained from sonicated mycobacterium leprae markedly suppressed the proliferative response to the mitogen anti-cd3 of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and isolated t cells. suppression was nonspecific and occurred with cells from lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy patients as well as control donors. the purified lipoarabinomannans from m. leprae and mycobacterium tuberculosis had a similar spectrum of inhibition whereas their deacylated derivatives were without ... | 1990 | 1689064 |
| utility of gram's and giemsa stains in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. | conflicting information in the literature regarding the staining properties of mycobacterium tuberculosis using gram's stain and experience in two patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in whom the diagnosis was suspected after staining with non-acid-fast bacillus stains prompted the study of gram's stain in this disease. the main finding was that mycobacteria appear as refractile, gram-neutral, or faintly gram-positive bacilli after gram's stain, depending upon the plane of focus in which the org ... | 1990 | 1689131 |
| limiting-dilution analysis of the frequency of myelin basic protein-reactive t cells in lewis, pvg/c and bn rats. implication for susceptibility to autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae), which is an autoimmune disease inducible by immunization with a brain-specific antigen in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa), is different among strains. in an attempt to resolve the immune mechanisms by which the difference in susceptibility to eae is regulated, we re-estimated susceptibility of several strains of rats, and the frequency of antigen-reactive t cells in each strain was determined by limiting-dilution analysis. eae w ... | 1990 | 1689693 |
| increased autoreactive t cell frequency in tuberculous patients. | the development of putative self-mhc-reactive t cells and their precursor frequency was estimated in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures stimulated in vitro with ppd. the role of foreign antigen in the generation of self-mhc-reactive t cells in vivo was analyzed by comparing the frequency of autoreactive t cells in the peripheral blood of tuberculous patients with that observed in healthy individuals. it was found that ppd in vitro and mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in vivo increased subs ... | 1990 | 1690181 |
| the mapping of an antibody-binding region on the mycobacterium tuberculosis 19 kilodalton antigen. | to localize the epitopes of four independently derived murine mab it-10, it-12, it-16, and it-19 on the 19-kda ag protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis, expression plasmids were constructed containing deletions of the gene encoding the 19-kda protein. reaction of the 4 mab with western blots of the truncated recombinant proteins revealed two epitope specificities in the recognition of the 19-kda protein. it-10 was found to be dependent only on the presence of amino acids surrounding the first cy ... | 1990 | 1691228 |
| [an improved method of obtaining smears for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis on environmental objects]. | to improve the isolation rate of m. tuberculosis and reduce the contaminating microflora growth, the authors have modified the technique of obtaining washings off the environmental objects by wetting the tampons with trisubstituted sodium phosphate instead of physiologic saline. this resulted in an increase of m. tuberculosis isolation rate by 1.3-1.5 times and a decrease of the contaminating microflora growth by 2-2.5 times. | 1990 | 1691343 |
| lymphocyte inhibitory and chemotactic factors produced by bursal and thymic lymphocytes. | bursal (b) and thymic (t) lymphocytes from chickens sensitized to mycobacterium tuberculosis (ppd) or human gamma globulin (hgg) produced an avian lymphocyte-inhibitory factor designated as lyif-ppd or lyif-hgg, respectively. a chemotactic factor (lcf) for peripheral blood leukocytes was elaborated only by t-cells sensitized to ppd and hgg. these factors were partially purified by hplc and were characterized physiochemically. maximum inhibitory activity for lyif-ppd and lyif-hgg occurred in peak ... | 1990 | 1691844 |
| comparison of the immunological activity of five defined antigens from mycobacterium tuberculosis in seven inbred guinea pig strains. the 38-kda antigen is immunodominant. | we have examined the immunological activity of five affinity-purified protein antigens from mycobacterium tuberculosis in seven inbred and one outbred guinea pig strains. the test systems were measurements of delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses, lymphocyte stimulation assays (ls), and antibody response measurements. the results showed significant differences in the immunogenicity of the single-protein antigens and, when the antigens were considered separately, highly significant guinea ... | 1990 | 1692156 |
| epitopes of the mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 for human t cells comprise different structures. | t cell recognition of foreign antigens is a result of a ternary complex between t cell receptor, nominal peptide and major histocompatibility complex molecule. it has been proposed that the nominal peptide, which is presented by accessory cells to t cells, has a characteristic structure which can be predicted on the basis of physicochemical criteria. to further study this aspect, we stimulated t cells from normal human blood donors with synthetic peptides (each of approximately 15 amino acids in ... | 1990 | 1693134 |
| direct visualization of mycobacterium tuberculosis in a blood sample from an aids patient. | | 1990 | 1693516 |
| immunobiological studies with mycobacterial ribonucleic acid-protein complex: part i--immune responses and protective role against experimental tuberculosis. | ribonucleic acid (rna) isolated from m. tuberculosis h37ra was found to be native in nature as determined by hyperchromicity studies using ribonuclease. mycobacterial rna-protein (myc. rna-p) when injected as rna-p-fia complexes induced weak humoral immune responses and strong cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses which were directed against myc. rna. protection comparable to bcg was induced in mice immunized with rna-fia complexes against ld50 dose of m. tuberculosis as monitored by increased su ... | 1990 | 1695195 |
| immunobiological studies with mycobacterial ribonucleic acid-protein complex: part ii--mechanism of protective immunity against experimental tuberculosis. | passive transfer of protective antituberculous immunity against ld50 dose of m. tuberculosis h37rv was found to be mainly mediated by immune t-cells harvested from spleens of donor mice immunized with myc. rna-p-fia complexes as monitored by indices of percent survival, root specific lung weight, lung density and by bacterial enumeration from different organs. treatment of immune t-cells with anti-thy 1.2. monoclonal antibodies plus complement prior to passive transfer, completely abrogated its ... | 1990 | 1695196 |
| antigens in culture supernatant of mycobacterium tuberculosis: epitopes defined by monoclonal and human antibodies. | antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis found in the supernatant of heat-treated cultures were characterized in order to explore whether antigens from this source could be used for the development of a serological test. culture supernatants and sonicates of 12, 25 and 39 d cultures were analysed by sds-page. in culture supernatant, major protein bands of 65, 24, and 12 kda were visible after coomassie brilliant blue staining. using murine monoclonal antibodies in western blots, a pattern of prote ... | 1990 | 1696308 |
| [new alloantisera to antigenic determinant i--j, their specificity and effect on the course of tuberculous infection in mice]. | preparations of anti-i--j alloantisera with higher activity were obtained by a new method, based on induction of expression of the i--j determinant in donor suppressor cells, immunization of mice with such cells, and subsequent elimination of contaminating anti-idiotypic antibodies from antisera by their adsorption on the cells of the recipient murine strain sharing induced idiotype with the donor cells. after adsorption anti-i--j activity remained unchanged. the antisera thus obtained were foun ... | 1990 | 1696767 |
| fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis. | fine needle aspiration cytology and culture were done on 200 patients with clinical diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis. cytological changes consistent with tuberculosis were seen in 124 and 100 of these showed growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis. atypical mycobacteria were not isolated from any of these patients. of the 100 culture positives, 75 were found to be positive by auramine-rhodamine and ziehl-neelsen staining technique. however, with the latter method the diagnosis was missed on f ... | 1990 | 1697847 |
| immuno-blot analysis of antigens of mycobacterium w: a candidate anti-leprosy vaccine using monoclonal antibodies and patient sera. | the presence of determinants immunologically cross-reactive with m. leprae and m. tuberculosis in mycobacterium w (m. w) has been revealed by immunoblotting using cross-reactive and specific monoclonal antibodies (moabs) to m. leprae and m. tuberculosis. three of the seven m. leprae and one of the two m. tuberculosis "specific" moabs showed reactivity with m. w antigens. reactions were also manifest with cross-reactive moabs. one out of the three moabs raised to m. leprae and three of six to m. ... | 1990 | 1698376 |
| the role of avian macrophages in the production of avian lymphokines. | lymphocyte inhibitory factor (lyif) and lymphocyte chemotactic factor (lcf) were produced by sensitized thymic (t) and bursal (b) cells and thymic (t) cells, respectively. the passage of sensitized t and b cells through a sephadex g-10 column abrogated the ability of t cells to produce lyif and lcf while b cells remained capable of producing lyif. the return of macrophages to the adherent cell depleted population reconstituted the t cells' ability to produce lyif and lcf. these data suggest a gr ... | 1990 | 1698666 |
| diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis--a positive ziehl-neelsen test not sufficient. | | 1990 | 1699292 |
| an investigation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in kuwait in preparation for studies of immunotherapy with mycobacterium vaccae. | sixty-five patients, many of them immigrant to kuwait, with bacteriologically proven, adult type, pulmonary tuberculosis were studied by many parameters over the 4 months following diagnosis. twelve were infected with tubercle bacilli resistant to at least one anti-tuberculosis drug. preliminary evidence suggested that this was frequently primary resistance in patients infected in their countries of origin. the kuwaiti environment results in very high skin test and lymphocyte proliferative respo ... | 1990 | 1699337 |
| the validity of acid-fast smears in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. | the acid-fast smear remains an important tool in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. some reports have questioned the validity of this stain in situations of low prevalence. we examined the relationship between prevalence and predictive value of sputum smears in one laboratory during periods of both low and high laboratory prevalence of mycobacterium tuberculosis. smears were examined by fluorescence and confirmed by kinyoun stain. the number of samples positive for mycobacteria increased from 128 (4 ... | 1990 | 1699506 |
| antibodies to the mycobacterial 65-kd heat-shock protein are reactive with synovial tissue of adjuvant arthritic rats and patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. | the expression of 65-kd mycobacterial heat-shock protein (hsp)-related antigens in synovial membrane from rats and humans with arthritis was studied using three monoclonal antibodies and one polyclonal antiserum directed to antigens of mycobacteria. the antibodies labeled synovial tissue sections from both adjuvant arthritis (aa) rats and from patients with either rheumatoid arthritis (ra) or osteoarthritis (oa); especially the synovial lining cells appeared to be positive. the cytoplasmic stain ... | 1990 | 1700613 |
| bb65, a major immunoreactive protein of bartonella bacilliformis. | a 65 kda protein (bb65) has been identified as one of the major specific antigens of bartonella bacilliformis, the causative agent of bartonellosis which is a bacterial infectious disease of inhabitants of the andes. the gene encoding this antigen (7b2) was isolated from an expression library made directly from randomly generated fragments of b. bacilliformis genomic dna using bartonella antibodies raised in rabbits and sera of bartonellosis patients. the bartonella 7b2 gene was expressed in esc ... | 1990 | 1700634 |
| production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody (p6) reactive to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the production and characterization of a murine monoclonal antibody (p6) to mycobacterium tuberculosis is described. the specificity of the monoclonal antibody, an igg1/k type, was tested against sonic extracts obtained from 27 mycobacteria and 39 bacteria by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. apparently it was highly specific for the virulent form of m. tuberculosis (h37rv) and did not react with avirulent strains of m. tuberculosis (h37ra) and m. bovis (bcg). it was devoid of reactivity wit ... | 1990 | 1701087 |
| transfer rna genes in mycobacteria: organization and molecular cloning. | dnas from nine mycobacterial species were cleaved with different restriction endonucleases and hybridized with cdna probes synthesized to total transfer rnas (trnas) from mycobacterium smegmatis and m. tuberculosis. the hybridization data indicate that trna genes are conserved but their gross genomic organization has diverged in six of the nine species examined. species of the mtb complex appeared to have identical trna gene organization. hybridization with cdnas synthesized to 23s plus 16s rrna ... | 1990 | 1701560 |
| development of diagnostic tests for leprosy and tuberculosis. | | 1990 | 1701561 |
| isolation and structural characteristics of a monoclonal antibody-defined cross-reactive phospholipid antigen from mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae. | a low molecular weight antigen of mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacteria was previously defined in our laboratory by means of igg2a monoclonal antibody termed l4. the antigen had an apparent molecular mass of 4.5-6 kda on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and was assumed to be a glycoprotein on the basis of its staining with periodic acid schiff and sensitivity to periodate treatment. in the present work, the cross-reactive and phospholipidic nature of the antigen, p ... | 1991 | 1702433 |
| thiacetazone: in vitro activity against mycobacterium avium and m. tuberculosis. | bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of thiacetazone was determined for 68 m. avium clinical isolates and 14 wild drug-susceptible m. tuberculosis strains. the drug had equally low bactericidal activity against both mycobacterial species. the inhibitory activity against most of the m. avium strains was greater than it was against m. tuberculosis. the broth determined mics for 65 of 68 m. avium strains were between 0.02 and 0.15 micrograms/ml, while the mics for m. tuberculosis ranged from 0. ... | 1990 | 1702564 |
| efficient recognition by rat t cell clones of an epitope of mycobacterial hsp 65 inserted in escherichia coli outer membrane protein phoe. | phoe is a pore-forming protein, abundantly expressed in the escherichia coli outer membrane. previous investigations have shown the possibility of inserting antigenic determinants in cell surface-exposed regions of phoe by recombinant dna techniques without disturbing the biogenesis and the functioning of the protein. this method proved to be successful for foot-and-mouth disease virus b cell determinants. we have now shown for the first time that phoe can also be used as a carrier molecule for ... | 1990 | 1702727 |
| suppression and prevention of adjuvant arthritis in rats by a monoclonal antibody to the alpha/beta t cell receptor. | adjuvant arthritis (aa) in rats is an experimentally induced autoimmune disease mediated by t lymphocytes specific for mycobacterium tuberculosis. we raised the question whether t cells carrying the gamma/delta t cell receptor (tcr), reactive or not to mycobacterial antigens, are involved in the pathogenesis of aa. for this purpose, t cells bearing the tcr alpha/beta were depleted from circulation by treatment with a monoclonal antibody against the rat tcr alpha/beta (r73). this treatment effici ... | 1990 | 1702729 |
| the chromosomal integration site of the streptomyces element psam2 overlaps a putative trna gene conserved among actinomycetes. | the psam2 element of streptomyces ambofaciens integrates site-specifically in the genome of different streptomyces species by recombination between a 58 bp sequence common to the plasmid (attp) and the chromosome (attb). southern hybridization analysis showed that sequences similar to the psam2 attb site were found in other actinomycetes (mycobacterium, nocardia, micromonospora) as well as unrelated bacteria (bacillus circulans, escherichia coli, clostridium botulinum, bordetella pertussis, and ... | 1990 | 1703270 |
| [cellular mechanisms of suppression of t-lymphocyte proliferation by lung cells in experimental tuberculosis]. | the ability of interstitial lung cells from mice, infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv, to suppress proliferative responses of immune lymphocytes to mycobacterial (ppd) and unrelated (staphylococcus aureus cytoplasm) antigens was studied. two types of suppression were observed: the specific one, which was characteristic of the ppd-response only; and non-specific. the latter was mediated mainly by prostaglandins, since it could be abolished by indomethacin. both types of suppression dep ... | 1990 | 1705456 |
| [immunodiagnosis of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | comparative analysis of the results of studying m. tuberculosis drug resistance in the material from 223 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis by the bacteriologic method and of antibody production studied in 3 serologic tests (passive hemolysis, complement consumption, and indirect hemagglutination--ph, cc, and iha, respectively) has shown the highest number of positive results in cc in the patients excreting streptomycin-resistant strains, whereas patients excreting isoniazid-resistant strains ... | 1990 | 1705610 |
| the antituberculous effect of bleomycin. | | 1990 | 1707047 |
| early appearing gamma/delta-bearing t cells during infection with calmétte guérin bacillus. | to search for a potential role of tcr gamma/delta t cells in host-defense against mycobacterial infection, we analyzed the kinetics, repertoire, specificity, and cytokine production of gamma/delta t cells in the peritoneal exudate cells (pec), lymph node (ln) cells and spleen cells during an i.p. infection with a sublethal dose (5 x 10(5) of viable bacillus calmétte-guérin (bcg) in mice. in the pec on day 7 after infection, approximately 26% of the cd3+ cells were cd4-cd8-, most of which express ... | 1991 | 1707921 |
| lysis of interferon-gamma activated schwann cell by cross-reactive cd8+ alpha/beta t cells with specificity for the mycobacterial 65 kd heat shock protein. | heat shock protein (hsp) 65 is a major t cell antigen of mycobacterium leprae. the hsp 65 of m. leprae is nearly identical in m. bovis/m. tuberculosis (greater than 95% protein sequence homology) and surprisingly similar in man (65% protein sequence homology). recently, we had provided evidence in a murine model that cd8+ t cells recognize and lyse schwann cells presenting m. leprae antigen in the context of major histocompatibility (mhc) class i gene products. because murine schwann cells are c ... | 1990 | 1708279 |
| t cell reactivity to an epitope of the mycobacterial 65-kda heat-shock protein (hsp 65) corresponds with arthritis susceptibility in rats and is regulated by hsp 65-specific cellular responses. | adjuvant arthritis (aa) can be induced in genetically susceptible rats by immunization with heat-killed mycobacteria suspended in mineral oil. from our analysis of arthritogenic t cell clone a2b, obtained from an arthritic lewis rat and specific for the 180-188 epitope of mycobacterial 65-kda heat-shock protein (hsp 65), the possible origin of aa was explained by the existence of a molecular mimicry of the 180-188 epitope with a cartilage-associated self antigen. we now have shown that lewis rat ... | 1991 | 1709871 |
| [the effect of human plasma and cattle blood serum on the culture properties of liquid nutrient media]. | cultivation characteristics of shkolnikova's medium and medium no. 23 with human plasma or cattle blood serum added were studied by the radioactive indicator method. cattle blood serum was preinactivated at 60 and 70 degrees c or intact. plasma and serum preheated at 70 degrees c enhanced the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis. intact serum or serum heated at lower temperature inhibited cell mitosis. | 1991 | 1709997 |
| gamma/delta t cells and bacteria. | | 1990 | 1710367 |
| identification of b- and t-cell epitopes within the mtp40 protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis and their correlation with the disease course. | synthetic peptides derived from the amino acid sequence of mtp40, a recently characterized mycobacterium tuberculosis protein, were tested by two different immunological assays in 91 individuals. for the purposes of this study, the population was distributed in four groups: active tuberculosis (tbc) patients with elevated bacillus loads (bk+), active tbc patients with low bacillus loads (bk-), healthy individuals living in the same household with tuberculous patients (hh), and normal individuals ... | 1991 | 1711013 |
| rené jules dubos. | | 1991 | 1711238 |
| measurement of the tissue distribution of immunoperoxidase staining with polyclonal anti-bcg serum in lung granulomata of mice infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mice inoculated with mycobacterium tuberculosis, strain h37rv were used as a model of human tuberculosis. the microanatomical location of immunoperoxidase staining with a polyclonal anti-bcg serum was within macrophages and appeared granular rather than delineating whole bacilli. immunoperoxidase staining appears to demonstrate degraded mycobacterial antigens from disrupted organisms and so reflects prior turnover of bacilli. on ziehl-neelsen staining, intact or almost intact bacilli are seen an ... | 1991 | 1711577 |
| identification of a novel b-cell epitope of restricted specificity on the hsp 65-kda protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a b-cell epitope on the carboxy-terminal region of the mycobacterial 65-kda heat shock protein that distinguishes mycobacterium tuberculosis/mycobacterium bovis bcg from mycobacterium leprae was identified by two novel monoclonal antibodies (mabs), ne5 and nd4. these mabs also showed a limited cross reactivity with mycobacterial species belonging to m. tuberculosis complex and mycobacterium avium complex with the exception of mycobacterium vaccae. characterization of the epitope recognized by th ... | 1991 | 1711877 |
| antigenic epitopes on mycobacterium tuberculosis recognized by antibodies in tuberculosis and mouse antisera. | the effect of sodium periodate and proteolytic enzyme treatments on the antibody binding capacity of mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen (ag) was studied by elisa. treatment with sodium periodate resulted in a marked decrease in the capacity of m. tuberculosis ag to bind antibodies in human tb sera, but had no effect on the reactivity with antibodies in mouse. in contrast, treatment with proteolytic enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin) had no effect on the reactivity of m. tuberculosis ag with huma ... | 1991 | 1711878 |
| human mycobacterium tuberculosis-reactive cd4+ t-cell clones: heterogeneity in antigen recognition, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity for mononuclear phagocytes. | cd4+ t cells regulate the protective immune response which follows exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis by activating macrophages through the cytokines the cd4+ t cells secrete. in addition cd4+ t cells have been shown to be directly cytotoxic for antigen-pulsed mononuclear phagocytes (monocytes-macrophages). to explore the functional interaction between mycobacterial antigen-specific cd4+ t cells and mononuclear phagocytes further, cd4+ t-cell clones were derived from healthy purified protein ... | 1991 | 1713198 |
| [the characterization of the spectrum of the antibody response to mycobacterium tuberculosis antigenic determinants by immunoblotting]. | the spectrum of antibody response to m. tuberculosis antigenic determinants h37rv and m. bovis antigenic determinants bcg was studied in serum samples from 33 healthy donors and 31 patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis by the method of immunoblotting. the study revealed that most frequently tuberculosis patients showed response to ag-h37rv with molecular weights of 52, 39, 35, 21, 31, 68 kd (44.4-22.2%) and ag-bcg with molecular weights 60, 58, 50, 25, 54, 70 kd. (33.3-22.2%). by mon ... | 1991 | 1713380 |
| [the determination of antigen-specific immune complexes by an immunoenzyme method]. | the methodological approach permitting the detection of immune complexes containing specific antibodies to a definite antigen in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is described. the basic conditions of the assay were optimized. immune complexes were precipitated from blood serum with 3.5% polyethylene glycol 6000 for 4 hours. the precipitate thus obtained was dissolved and incubated in polystyrene plates with immobilized antigen at 37 degrees c for a long time (at least 6 hours) in a ... | 1991 | 1713381 |
| identification of t cell stimulatory peptides from the 38-kda protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | t cell specificity to individual antigenic epitopes could determine the distinction between protective and pathogenic host reactions in tuberculous infections. therefore, t cell stimulatory epitopes of the mycobacterium tuberculosis 38-kda lipoprotein, of known structure and specificity and of prominent immunogenicity, have been examined. to identify potential t cell epitopes, eight peptides, seven of which were predicted to form amphiphatic helices, were used for immunization of various inbred ... | 1991 | 1713602 |
| [gram-negative bacilli in sputum]. | | 1991 | 1713786 |
| in vitro infection with hiv of antigen-specific t cell clones derived from hiv-seronegative individuals. effects on cytokine production and helper function. | three human t cell clones (tcc) specific for purified protein derivative of mycobacterium tuberculosis were incubated in the presence of polybrene and phytohemagglutinin with irradiated mononuclear cells from one individual exhibiting seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and high levels of circulating p24 antigen. after three weeks, tcc showed hiv integration in their dna, as shown by polymerase chain reaction analysis and southern blot technique. all the three hiv-infected tcc ... | 1991 | 1714099 |
| t-cell receptor peptide immunization leads to enhanced and chronic experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. | it has previously been reported that synthetic peptides corresponding to sequences derived from t-cell receptor variable regions identified as dominant in the t-cell-mediated autoimmune disease experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in both the mouse and the rat can down-regulate disease in lewis rats. in contrast to these results, we have found that immunization of lewis rats with such peptides in complete freund's adjuvant prior to induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with mye ... | 1991 | 1714594 |
| the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis in children: an evaluation of an elisa test using igg antibodies to m. tuberculosis, strain h37 rv. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting serum igg antibodies to an autoclaved suspension of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37 rv was evaluated as a diagnostic tool in 132 clinical cases of childhood tuberculosis. the mean (sd) optical density value in these patients was 0.115 (0.122) compared with 0.022 (0.017) in the control group of patients who had non-tuberculous acute respiratory tract infections. using as a cut-off level the mean of the control plus 2 standard deviations, t ... | 1991 | 1715140 |
| the genes coding for the antigen 85 complexes of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bcg are members of a gene family: cloning, sequence determination, and genomic organization of the gene coding for antigen 85-c of m. tuberculosis. | a gene encoding the 33-kda secreted protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis (antigen 85-c) was isolated and sequenced. the corresponding dna sequence contains a 1,020-bp coding region. the deduced amino acid sequence corresponds to a 340-residue protein consisting of a 46-amino-acid signal peptide and a 294-amino-acid mature protein. comparison with previously described genes for the 30-kda antigen (the alpha antigen of m. bovis bcg, also called antigen 85-b) and the 32-kda antigens from m. bovis ... | 1991 | 1715324 |
| [specific antibodies to different mycobacterial antigens in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis]. | antibodies to three mycobacterial antigens, soviet tuberculin and ultrasound-treated mycobacterium tuberculosis (h37rv) and m. bovis (bcg) were detected by enzyme immunoassay in 90 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 75 normal subjects. antibody detection rates and levels were found related to the form of tuberculous process. the detection rate was rather low in focal tuberculosis and virtually the same for all the antigens (15.3 percent). in disseminated processes (infiltrative and particu ... | 1991 | 1715435 |
| mpb 64 possesses 'tuberculosis-complex'-specific b- and t-cell epitopes. | we have developed monoclonal antibodies (moab) reactive with a protein from mycobacterium tuberculosis of apparent molecular mass 24 kda. this protein was shown to be identical with mpb 64 (harboe et al.,) moab bound to four different epitopes of which two were restricted to the 'tuberculosis complex' and two were also found in mycobacteria not belonging to the 'tuberculosis complex'. the cross-reactive moab demonstrate that mpb 64 is present in more mycobacterial species than previously assumed ... | 1991 | 1715606 |
| outer membrane protein phoe as a carrier for the exposure of foreign antigenic determinants at the bacterial cell surface. | phoe protein is an abundant outer membrane protein of the escherichia coli k-12 outer membrane. this protein can be used as an exposure system to produce foregin antigenic determinants and for their transport to the bacterial cell surface. the system is very flexible, since insertions varying in length and nature could be made in different cell surface-exposed regions of phoe, without interfering with the assembly process of the mutant proteins into the outer membrane. two antigenic determinants ... | 1991 | 1715682 |
| suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by oral administration of myelin antigens: iv. suppression of chronic relapsing disease in the lewis rat and strain 13 guinea pig. | oral administration of proteins is a long-recognized method of inducing antigen-specific peripheral immune tolerance. we previously showed that oral administration of myelin basic protein suppresses monophasic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the lewis rat when it is given in association with immunization and prior to disease onset. as a potential therapy for human autoimmune disease, it is crucial to determine whether oral tolerance can ameliorate an ongoing immune response. we ther ... | 1991 | 1716432 |
| murine and human b cell epitope mapping of the mycobacterium tuberculosis 10-kd heat shock protein using overlapping peptides. | the human immune response to the 10-kd m. tuberculosis protein was studied by a competition elisa using monoclonal antibody (moab) sa-12. twenty-five per cent of the sera from 20 patients with tuberculosis and none from 21 control subjects inhibited binding of sa-12 to the 10-kd antigen. to characterize the antigenic parts of the 10-kd antigen, overlapping decapeptides according to the amino acid sequence of the 10-kd protein were synthesized. in total, 91 sequential decapeptides, with an overla ... | 1991 | 1717190 |
| a rapid, simple enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibody to individual epitopes in the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis. | the antibody response to individual epitopes has previously been analysed by competition assay using 125i- or enzyme labelled monoclonal antibodies. a modification of the test is described in which competition of human sera with unlabelled mouse monoclonal antibodies at the limiting dilution is revealed by peroxidase labelled antimouse igg conjugate. analysis of 54 sera from patients with pulmonary (36) and extra-pulmonary (18) tuberculosis and 31 controls indicated that the modified test compar ... | 1991 | 1717268 |
| murine t cell-stimulatory peptides from the 19-kda antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis. epitope-restricted homology with the 28-kda protein of mycobacterium leprae. | fifteen overlapping synthetic peptides, spanning the entire amino acid sequence of the mycobacterium tuberculosis 19-kda protein, were used to identify epitopes recognized by murine t cells. five of the 15 peptides tested were able to elicit in vitro lymph node t cell proliferative responses in c57bl/10 mice primed by footpad inoculation with homologous peptide. analysis in congenic strains of mice revealed h-2 restriction in the response to four peptides. however, one peptide, 19.7 (residues 61 ... | 1991 | 1717575 |
| [determination of tuberculosis antibodies using an immunoenzyme assay in lyophilized samples of capillary blood]. | the aim of this work was to find the technique of enzyme immunoassay (eia) of capillary blood lyophilized on a filter paper disk. the author has selected a buffer on the basis of egg yolk aqueous extract, that permits blocking of nonspecific binding in eia but not preventing the specific antigen-antibody interactions. the results of analyses of capillary blood lyophilized drops and of blood serum samples, carried out in 7 tuberculous patients and 6 donors, coincided. the results were tested in 5 ... | 1991 | 1717752 |
| analysis of human t-cell epitopes in the 19,000 mw antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis: influence of hla-dr. | the potential number of t-cell epitopes in the 19,000 molecular weight (mw) antigen has been investigated using overlapping peptides which comprise the complete sequence. sixteen potential epitopes could be deduced from the responses to these peptides by polyclonal t cells derived from 22 antigen-responsive donors. the majority of epitopes were not predicted by either of the major paradigms, the rothbard motif and the amphipathic helix. a hierarchy of epitopes was indicated by the responses, whi ... | 1991 | 1718849 |
| identification of a specific mycobacterium tuberculosis protein able to activate t lymphocytes. | the recent advances in the field of immunology and molecular biology allow to consider not distant the identification of protective antigens to be used in new prophilactic and diagnostic tools. in our laboratory we have analysed a m. tuberculosis expression library by murine monoclonal antibodies, human sera and human t lymphocytes. we have identified a 35 kd protein present only on the m. tuberculosis complex (m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, m. africanum). this 35 kd protein is also detected, by imm ... | 1991 | 1720294 |
| purification and characterization of the 30,000 dalton native antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterization of six monoclonal antibodies reactive with a major epitope of this antigen. | the 30,000 dalton native antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major constituent of this organism and is secreted into culture medium. we purified this antigen by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography to yield a single 29 to 30 kd component. the first 20 n-terminal amino acid sequence was determined and found to be identical to that reported for m. bovis alpha-antigen. immunoelectrophoresis studies demonstrated ... | 1991 | 1720803 |
| antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific epitopes in lepromatous leprosy. | sera from patients with leprosy or tuberculosis and healthy subjects have been analysed for the presence of antibodies to four species-specific mycobacterial epitopes, four different viruses and five autoantigens. antibodies to the mycobacterium leprae-specific 35-kd protein and phenolic glycolipid i epitopes were not present in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. in contrast, antibody levels to species-specific epitopes of the 38-kd and 14-kd antigens m. tuberculosis were significantly ... | 1991 | 1721012 |
| fk 506 treatment of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in primates. | | 1991 | 1721454 |
| evaluation of acridinium-ester-labeled dna probes for identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium-mycobacterium intracellulare complex in culture. | the detectability of mycobacteria in culture by the use of nonisotopic, chemiluminescent dna probes for mycobacterium tuberculosis and the m. avium-m. intracellulare complex (mac) was evaluated and compared with that by the use of 125i-labeled dna probes for the same mycobacteria. in the assay, rrna-directed dna probes labeled with acridinium ester (ae-dna probes) were used. unhybridized probes were chemically degraded, and the esterified acridinium on the hybridized probes was hydrolyzed by the ... | 1991 | 1723071 |
| immunohistochemical demonstration of mycobacterial antigens in intracranial tuberculoma. | mycobacterial antigens have been demonstrated immunohistochemically in the paraffin sections of 10 intracranial tuberculous granulomas and the results were compared with the detection of acid fast bacilli by conventional ziehl-neelsen method. in none of the 10 specimens, acid fast bacilli were demonstrated while mycobacterial antigens were characterised as diffusely staining granular brownish-pink material within the cytoplasm of giant cells and macrophages. in 14 specimens of granulomatous lesi ... | 1991 | 1724442 |
| a rapid latex agglutination test for detection of antibodies in tuberculosis and hansen's disease. | antigens of mycobacterium w, a saprophytic fast growing organism having antigenic epitopes cross-reactive with mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium tuberculosis, were coated on to latex beads (0.33 micron zn size), and the reactivity tested with sera of tuberculosis and hansen's disease (hd) patients. seventy nine percent of lepromatous leprosy (ll) and eighty five percent of pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) patients sera showed an agglutination reaction easily read by naked eye. specificity of the ... | 1991 | 1725289 |
| staphylococcal l-asparaginase: enzyme kinetics. | the ph optimum of purified staphylococcal l-asparaginase (ec 3.5.1.1) was found to be between 8.6 and 8.8. the temperature optimum was 30 degrees-32 degrees c and the highest reaction rate occurred at 30 degrees c. the km of the enzyme calculated from lineweaver-burk plot was 3.71 x 10(-2) m. besides l-asparaginase, the substrate specificity of enzyme was restricted to n-alpha-acetyl-l-asparagine. d-asparagine, l-aspartic acid and d-glutamic acid were competitive inhibitors. hg2+ and cu2+ cation ... | 1991 | 1726615 |
| the 65kd heat shock protein: a key molecule mediating the development of autoimmune arthritis? | | 1991 | 1727019 |
| modulation for antigen presentation in tuberculosis by using synthetic peptides. | competition assay technology has been a very useful tool in the study of parasite antigens and has been inferred but never proven that this approach can be applied to select t-cell epitopes by using another microorganisms. in this study, hla-restricted t-cell clones specific to synthetic peptides derived from the 65 kda mycobacterial protein were used to investigate whether these peptides are able to compete with each other at the level of mhc-binding sites in tuberculosis. fixed apcs were pulse ... | 1991 | 1727027 |
| t lymphocytes mediating protection and cellular cytolysis during the course of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. evidence for different kinetics and recognition of a wide spectrum of protein antigens. | recent evidence suggests the existence of at least two pathways of acquired specific resistance to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection; the first consisting of cytokine-mediated activation of parasitized host cells by protective t cells, and the second involving the lysis of these cells by cytolytic t cells. evidence presented in this report shows that both of the above mechanisms are operative in experimentally infected mice, but that they differ markedly in terms of their kinetics of emergenc ... | 1992 | 1727865 |
| concurrent human immunodeficiency virus and mycobacterial infection of macrophages in vitro does not reveal any reciprocal effect. | to test whether in vitro infection of macrophages with either human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or mycobacteria would influence the replication of the other pathogen, macrophages were infected sequentially with the macrophage-tropic isolate htlv-iiiba-l/85 and mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv or mycobacterium avium. the intracellular growth of mycobacteria was measured by colony counting and radiometric assay of macrophage lysates and the replication of hiv by the release of p24 antigen into th ... | 1992 | 1727900 |
| american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases: chemotherapy for tuberculosis in infants and children. | | 1992 | 1728006 |