| [the sequence of specific immune reactions at the biliary level after oral vaccination]. | the appearance and the progression of the specific immunoreactions at biliary levels (agglutinant titre, immunoenzimatic titration of igagm, iga, igg) in rabbits treated per os from 1 to 10 times, daily or bi-weekly, with 20 and 40 milliard of inactivated bacterial antigens (e. coli, proteus vulgaris, staph. aureus, str. faecalis) have been studied. the appearance of the specific biliary antibodies has been very precocious (only one day after the first administration) and the values increased pr ... | 1989 | 2503788 |
| antimicrobial activity of ro 23-9424, a novel ester-linked codrug of fleroxacin and desacetylcefotaxime. | ro 23-9424 is a novel ester-linked codrug of fleroxacin (ro 23-6240; am-833) and the cefotaxime metabolite desacetylcefotaxime. its potency was determined against over 1,000 organisms and found to be intermediate between those of the two components. more than 99% of members of the family enterobacteriaceae were inhibited by greater than or equal micrograms of ro 23-9424 per ml; its mic for 50% of strains tested ranged from greater than or equal to 0.06 to 1 micrograms/ml. staphylococci, streptoc ... | 1989 | 2504106 |
| endocarditis due to streptomycin-susceptible enterococcus faecalis with high-level gentamicin resistance. | a case of community-acquired endocarditis caused by enterococcus (streptococcus) faecalis with high-level resistance to gentamicin sulfate but not to streptomycin sulfate is described. killing curves performed using achievable serum levels showed synergistic killing when streptomycin but not gentamicin, tobramycin, or amikacin was combined with penicillin g sodium or vancomycin hydrochloride. combination therapy with vancomycin and streptomycin resulted in cure. serum bactericidal levels indicat ... | 1989 | 2504123 |
| infective endocarditis in crohn's disease. | infective endocarditis developed in a patient with crohn's disease. this case highlights a hazard of immunosuppressive treatment in inflammatory bowel disease. | 1989 | 2504264 |
| intraperitoneal penetration of cefpirome. | twenty-six patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery received a 1 g intravenous dose of cefpirome before operation. serum and peritoneal fluid samples, obtained 0.5-7.6 h following administration, were assayed for cefpirome by a microbiological assay. the serum half-life of cefpirome was 2.1 h. the mean concentration of cefpirome in peritoneal fluid 0-2 h after administration was 44.4 micrograms/ml. the half-life of cefpirome in peritoneal fluid was 2 h, with mean concentrations of l ... | 1989 | 2504599 |
| growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in platelet concentrates. | in 1986 the allowable platelet storage time was reduced from 7 to 5 days because of a recent increase in septic deaths associated with platelet transfusion. in this study, the growth curves of two gram-positive and two gram-negative organisms in platelets stored for 7 days in clx and pl-732 bags were evaluated. platelets in clx bags were inoculated with 10(1), 10(2), and 10(3) organisms and 10(2) organisms were introduced into pl-732 bags. test organisms were inoculated into trypticase soy broth ... | 1989 | 2505412 |
| effects of treatment of lambs with a probiotic, containing lactic acid bacteria. | | 1989 | 2505427 |
| identification of aggregation substances of enterococcus faecalis cells after induction by sex pheromones. an immunological and ultrastructural investigation. | the sex pheromone system of enterococcus faecalis is responsible for the clumping response of a plasmid carrying donor strain with a corresponding plasmid free recipient strain due to the production of sex pheromones by the recipient strain. the clumping response is mediated by a surface material (called aggregation substance) which is synthesized upon addition of sex pheromones to the cultures. here we show that after induction a dense layer of "hairlike" structures is formed on the cell wall o ... | 1989 | 2505719 |
| localization of aggregation substances of enterococcus faecalis after induction by sex pheromones. an ultrastructural comparison using immuno labelling, transmission and high resolution scanning electron microscopic techniques. | the distribution of sex pheromone induced aggregation substance was studied on the cell surface of various enterococcus faecalis strains. in the accompanying paper we have shown that the aggregation substance appears as a layer of hairlike structures. using direct and indirect immunogold technique, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution scanning electron microscopy we investigated the appearance and distribution of the aggregation substance. the "hairs" increase in number with incr ... | 1989 | 2505720 |
| high-level vancomycin-resistant enterococci causing hospital infections. | nosocomial infection or colonization due to enterococci with high-level resistance to vancomycin (minimal inhibitory concentrations [mics] between 64 and greater than 2000 mg/l) has occurred in 41 patients with renal disease. these vancomycin-resistant enterococci were cultured from many sources including blood. all but one strain contained one or more plasmids ranging in molecular weight from 1.0 to 40 megadaltons (mda). vancomycin resistance was transferable by conjugation to a susceptible rec ... | 1989 | 2506070 |
| the prevalence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance among enterococci isolated from blood cultures during 1980-1988. | two hundred and eighty-one strains of enterococci isolated from blood cultures of 281 consecutive patients during 1980-1988 and 108 strains of enterococci isolated from miscellaneous clinical materials during 1988 were studied for high-level resistance (mic greater than 2000 mg/l) to amikacin, kanamycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin and netilmicin. before 1985 there was no enterococcal strain with high-level resistance to amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin or netilmicin, but 14% were resis ... | 1989 | 2506165 |
| [clinical studies on septicemia and infective endocarditis encountered between 1985-1986]. | septicemia encountered at kawasaki municipal hospital between 1985 and 1986 were studied clinically. forty six patients had monomicrobial and 5 has polymicrobial infections, respectively. out of these 46 patients with septicemia, 17 were due to escherichia coli, 7 were due to klebsiella pneumoniae and 4 were due to staphylococcus aureus. ten patients had hepatobiliary, 7 had hematological, 7 had malignant diseases as underlying diseases, respectively. out of 10 patients complicated with septic s ... | 1989 | 2506308 |
| [the effect of roxithromycin on the aerobic fecal flora in children]. | to evaluate the effect of roxithromycin on aerobic flora in 14 children treated orally (5 mg/kg/day during 5 to 7 days) quantitative stool cultures were performed using selective media. enterobacteriaceae (eb), streptococci d (str d), staphylococcus aureus, candida were counted at days 0, 2 and 5 days, and 2 days after treatment. the mic of each strain was determined for roxithromycin, erythromycin and spiramycin. ten infants in a nursery had already received antibiotics. a moderate albeit signi ... | 1989 | 2506510 |
| [antibacterial activity of pefloxacin in the urine during the 7 days following a single 800 mg oral dose]. | antibacterial activity of pefloxacin was studied in the urine after a single 800 mg oral dose in ten healthy female volunteers. urine was collected in 9 periods: 0-6 h, 6-12 h, 12-24 h, 24-28 h, 48-72 h, 72-96 h, 96-120 h, 120-144 h, 144-168 h. pefloxacin concentrations were assayed in all samples by a microbiological method and by hplc. urine antibacterial activity was determined towards five bacterial strains isolated in urine: 2 e. coli strains, one sensitive and the other resistant to nalidi ... | 1989 | 2506514 |
| [antibacterial activity of lomefloxacin in the urine during the 4 days following a single 400 mg oral dose]. | antibacterial activity of lomefloxacin was studied in the urine after single dose of 400 mg in ten healthy female volunteers. urine was collected in 7 periods: 0-3 h, 3-6 h, 6-12 h, 12-24 h, 24-48 h, 48-72 h, 72-96 h. lomefloxacin concentration were assayed in all samples by microbiological method. urine antibacterial activity was determined towards five strains isolated in urine: 2 e. coli strains one sensitive and the other resistant to nalidixic acid (nal-a), 1 klebsiella pneumoniae resistant ... | 1989 | 2506515 |
| infected charcot spine following spinal cord injury. | | 1989 | 2506651 |
| treatment of experimental endocarditis caused by a beta-lactamase-producing strain of enterococcus faecalis with high-level resistance to gentamicin. | several antimicrobial regimens were evaluated in the treatment of experimental enterococcal endocarditis due to a beta-lactamase-producing, highly gentamicin-resistant strain of enterococcus faecalis. ampicillin alone cleared bacteremia in the majority of rats and reduced titers of bacteria within vegetations (6.84 versus 8.80 log10 cfu/g in controls) but did not sterilize valves. ampicillin-sulbactam combinations, vancomycin, daptomycin, and imipenem each reduced residual bacterial titers withi ... | 1989 | 2506803 |
| comparative in vitro activity of sm7338, a new carbapenem antimicrobial agent. | the comparative in vitro activity of sm7338 was tested against 670 routine clinical isolates and 130 cefoperazone-resistant isolates of bacteria by agar dilution methods. sm7338 was at least as active as imipenem against gram-negative organisms but was slightly less active against gram-positive organisms. sm7338 was particularly active against members of the family enterobacteriaceae, with mics for 90% of strains of less than or equal to 0.125 micrograms/ml for all species tested. differences in ... | 1989 | 2508543 |
| purification and characterisation of tyrosine decarboxylase and aromatic-l-amino-acid decarboxylase. | microbial tyrosine decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.25) and mammalian aromatic-l-amino-acid decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.28) catalyse the formation of tyramine from l-tyrosine. these enzymes were characterised after isolation to purity by methods including fast polymer liquid chromatography (fplc). tyrosine decarboxylase was isolated from streptococcus faecalis by fplc anion exchange chromatography (11-times purification; 72% recovery; 23.2 u/mg protein). fplc on phenyl-superose resulted in purification to 11 ... | 1989 | 2508758 |
| [in-vitro activity of enoxacin: a multicenter study]. | the in vitro activity of enoxacin was tested in 14 german microbiological centers shortly after the introduction of the drug in germany. 2748 unselected clinical isolates including 15 bacterial species were analysed using microtiter plates. the mic90-values were as follows: staphylococcus aureus 4 mg/l, enterococcus faecalis 16 mg/l, enterobacteriaceae 0.5 mg/l, pseudomonas aeruginosa 8 mg/l. there is good correlation between these results and those of former investigations. it is known that qui ... | 1989 | 2509373 |
| diagnosing endocarditis with the cloned 112 kda antigen of enterococcus faecalis. | a new indirect elisa is presented for the diagnosis of enterococcal endocarditis. it is based on the cloning of enterococcus faecalis dna into lambda gt11. the library was screened by antisera from three cases of e. faecalis endocarditis. three positive clones were found, all of which cross-reacted with the 112 kda antigen of e. faecalis. one of these was taken and lysogenised into e. coli y1089 to produce a fusion protein of 125 kda. this iptg dependent protein was purified by affinity chromato ... | 1989 | 2509565 |
| enterococcus faecalis resistance to drugs: recent trends and development of high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. | | 1989 | 2509642 |
| the streptococcal flavoprotein nadh oxidase. i. evidence linking nadh oxidase and nadh peroxidase cysteinyl redox centers. | the fad-containing nadh oxidase from streptococcus faecalis 10c1, which catalyzes the four-electron reduction of o2----2h2o, has been purified by an improved procedure for analyses of its structural and redox properties. the enzyme is apparently a dimer of two identical subunits, each containing 1 mol of fad. dithionite reduction of the enzyme proceeds in two distinct phases corresponding to approximately 0.5 and 1.1 eq/fad, respectively. thiol assays of the nadh oxidase, reduced anaerobically w ... | 1989 | 2511195 |
| the streptococcal flavoprotein nadh oxidase. ii. interactions of pyridine nucleotides with reduced and oxidized enzyme forms. | anaerobic addition of 0.5 eq of nadh/fad to the streptococcal nadh oxidase produces a redox form spectrally similar to that obtained with 0.5 eq of dithionite/fad. the second phase of the titration, however, in addition to reducing the flavin with 1 eq of nadh/fad, leads to the appearance of a long-wavelength absorbance band centered at 725 nm. reductive titrations of the enzyme with 3-acetylpyridine-adenine dinucleotide, which has a redox potential 72 mv more positive than that of nadh, yield a ... | 1989 | 2511196 |
| bacterial meningitis in parturients after epidural anesthesia. | | 1989 | 2511785 |
| postantibiotic effects of imipenem, norfloxacin, and amikacin in vitro and in vivo. | the postantibiotic effects (paes) of imipenem and norfloxacin were tested against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis, escherichia coli, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. amikacin was tested against the same bacteria except streptococcus faecalis. for in vitro tests, a viable count-washing method was used, and for in vivo tests, the thread technique in normal mice was used. all three drugs produced paes of 1.1 to 3.8 h in vitro and 1.4 to 4.3 h in vivo against the pathogens te ... | 1989 | 2511798 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new carbapenem sm-7338. | the in vitro activity of the new carbapenem sm-7338 was tested in comparison with imipenem, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, flomoxef, cefuzonam and cefmetazole against 2850 clinical bacterial isolates. sm-7338 showed good activity against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. sm-7338 was very active against gram-negative bacteria, inhibiting all enterobacteriaceae, except 25% of serratia marcescens isolates, at a concentration of 0.78 mg/l. sm-7338 inhibited the majority of pseu ... | 1989 | 2512140 |
| pyogenic thyroiditis due to branchial pouch sinus. | suppurative thyroiditis due to branchial pouch sinus is a rare disease, affecting children and young adults. it presents as an abscess in the lower lateral neck, usually on the left side. suppurative thyroiditis can be suggested by ultrasound, radionuclide scintigraphy or ct scan, but the diagnosis can only be established by barium swallow showing the sinus from the apex of the pyriform sinus to the perithyroid region. complete surgical excision of the sinus is essential. two patients are presen ... | 1989 | 2512269 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction study of the flavoprotein nadh peroxidase from streptococcus faecalis 10c1. | nadh peroxidase from streptococcus faecalis 10c1 has been crystallized from ammonium sulfate solutions using the hanging drop vapor diffusion method. depending on ph, the crystals grew in the orthorhombic space group i222 or one of its subgroups p222 or p2(1)2(1)2 (or one of its two permutations). in both cases the unit cell axes are a = 76.6 a, b = 132.9 a, and c = 145.7 a. there are two monomers/asymmetric unit in the body-centered crystal form and four in the primitive one. the enzyme is cata ... | 1989 | 2512289 |
| serological identification of streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus. | streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus (str. thermophilus) has no group-specific antigen. hcl extracts of 551 strains of streptococci isolated from cheese or yogurt (123 str. thermophilus and 428 enterococcus faecalis - ent. faecium spp.) were examined with three type-specific antisera prepared against representatives of str. thermophilus and also with lancefield group d antisera. all typical (80) or atypical (43) strains of str. thermophilus reacted with at least one type-specific antiser ... | 1989 | 2512335 |
| the deconjugation ability of bacteria isolated from the jejunal fluids in the blind loop syndrome with high 14co2 excretion--using the breath analysis technique and thin-layer chromatography. | five patients with blind loop syndrome (billroth ii) were examined by measuring 14co2 specific activity of expired breath samples taken at intervals after a meal containing glycine-1-14c cholate. the 5 patients tested showed a marked increase of 14co2 specific activity. furthermore, the ability of deconjugation of bacteria isolated from the jejunal fluids in the efferent loop of these patients was tested by thin layer chromatography. the bacterial species identified from the samples were as foll ... | 1989 | 2513463 |
| susceptibility of enterococci and epidemiology of enterococcal infection in the 1980s. | | 1989 | 2514108 |
| gentamicin-resistant enterococci and endocarditis. | we report a case of endocarditis associated with a highly gentamicin-resistant enterococcus that failed to respond to conventional antibiotic combination therapy. clinical resolution was achieved following cardiac surgery and antimicrobial treatment dictated by in vitro testing of the patient's organism. laboratories should test blood culture isolates of enterococci for high level gentamicin resistance. management of such cases requires individual assessment and extensive laboratory investigatio ... | 1989 | 2514420 |
| influence of technical parameters on the in vitro motility of equine neutrophils in the presence of streptococcal culture supernatant. | to identify the influence of technical factors on the in vitro motility of equine neutrophils towards streptococcus culture supernatant in an under-agarose assay, we studied the changes in eight cell migration parameters. the distances the phagocytes travelled by directed, random and spontaneous migration increased with incubation time, cell concentration and the gelatin and serum contents of the migration plates. the contribution of chemotaxis to the phagocyte migrations, however, decreased sim ... | 1989 | 2515650 |
| antibacterial and plasmid curing activity of lomefloxacin in vitro. | the in vitro activity of lomefloxacin in comparison to other recently developed quinolones was evaluated by determination of mics for 89 test strains. organisms tested included clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria susceptible or resistant to quinolones, resistant mutants of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis obtained in vitro, and the wild type strain escherichia coli k12 with its mutants na1a, nalb, nalc and nalb. ... | 1989 | 2515963 |
| construction of enterococcus faecalis pad1 miniplasmids: identification of a minimal pheromone response regulatory region and evaluation of a novel pheromone-dependent growth inhibition. | several pad1 miniplasmids were constructed that consisted of all or a portion of the pad1 ecori b fragment with pheromone-inducible "e region" lacz transcriptional fusions. miniplasmids containing the entire ecori b fragment (the "e miniplasmids") were found to regulate lacz expression normally, indicating that sufficient information is present on this fragment to regulate a pheromone response. these plasmids also encoded normal replication functions. the e miniplasmids were further reduced by d ... | 1989 | 2516332 |
| [comparison of the effectiveness of water disinfection by electrolysis and chlorination]. | | 1989 | 2516492 |
| nisin inhibits several gram-positive, mastitis-causing pathogens. | organisms known to cause bovine mastitis, enterococcus faecalis ssp. liquefaciens atcc 27959, staphylococcus aureus atcc 29740, streptococcus agalactiae atcc 27956, streptococcus equinus atcc 27960, streptococcus dysgalactiae atcc 27957, streptococcus uberis atcc 27958, and the neotype staphylococcus epidermidis atcc 14990 were examined for their susceptibility to the small peptide antibiotic, nisin. using a disc assay, minimum inhibitory concentrations of nisin ranged from 10 to 250 micrograms/ ... | 1989 | 2516858 |
| [pathogenic bacteria encountered in nutritional disorders]. | | 1989 | 2517391 |
| some properties of streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens isolated from cheese with special reference to production of bitterness. | streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens was examined for proteolysis and development of bitterness in sterile buffaloes' skim milk with and without some additives. cell population and the ph of milk were the most important factors in the breakdown of casein and development of bitterness. sodium chloride level, altering the final concentration of bacteria in milk, had a direct role in the production of bitter peptides. calcium ions up to 5 mm did not affect proteolysis whereas higher concentra ... | 1989 | 2517454 |
| [effect of selected bacteria on mycelial transformation of cells of candida albicans]. | influence of selected bacteria representing typical physiological flora of mucous membranes of man on transformation of candida albicans from yeast phase to mycelial phase was evaluated, e. coli, s. viridans and s. faecalis inhibited to different degree mycelial transformation of fungal cells. a degree of inhibition in the case of e. coli was proportional to the period of preliminary culture of strains in medium containing serum while streptococci inhibited mycelial transformation mainly after 4 ... | 1989 | 2518038 |
| [isolation and identification of the products of streptococcus faecalis inhibiting mycelial transformation of candida albicans]. | an attempt was made to isolate and identify streptococcus faecalis products responsible for the inhibition of mycelial transformation of candida albicans. five of streptococcal strains which 48 h broth culture supernatants run at 37 degrees c inhibited the most transformation of candida albicans from yeast phase to mycelial phage. the strains were cultivated for 48 h in tryptic soy broth at 37 degrees c, centrifuged and culture supernatants sterilised by means of filtration on millipore membrane ... | 1989 | 2518039 |
| the 1h nmr visibility of intracellular lactate in streptococcus faecalis. | 1h nmr studies of glycolysis in washed cell suspensions of streptococcus faecalis indicated that intracellular lactate is not 1h nmr visible. evidence for this was gained from time course studies of glycolysis at increasing concentrations of glucose. a close correlation existed between the relative increase in the lactate integral and the enzymatically determined extracellular lactate concentration [lo]. when ionophores which cause the collapse of the positive intracellular/extracellular lactate ... | 1989 | 2518155 |
| liquid and solid selective differential media for the detection and enumeration of l. monocytogenes and other listeria spp. | a selective and differential medium (palcam agar) was elaborated for the isolation and enumeration of listeria monocytogenes. palcam is based on columbia agar with 0.05% glucose made selective by the addition of 0.001% polymyxin b, 0.0005% acriflavin, 1.5% lithium chloride and 0.002% ceftazidime. the diagnostic traits were attained by the incorporation of (i) 0.08% aesculin and 0.05% ferric salt; and (ii) 1% mannitol plus 0.008% phenol red. palcam recovered test strains of l. monocytogenes and o ... | 1989 | 2518321 |
| incidence of several pathogens and staphylococcal enterotoxins in kariesh cheese. | one hundred samples of kariesh cheese were randomly collected from fayoum markets and examined for the incidence of enterococci, coliform organisms, staphylococci, salmonella and detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins a, b, c, and d. the average total count was 16.4 x 10(7) c.f.u./gm. coliform bacteria were present in the all the examined, samples with an average of 18.9 x 10(3) c.f.u./gm. however, all samples were free from salmonella. faecal streptococci and staphylococci were also found in ... | 1989 | 2522177 |
| regulation of the cytoplasmic ph by a proton-translocating atpase in streptococcus faecalis (faecium). a computer simulation. | earlier work from this laboratory led to the proposal that the cytoplasmic ph of streptococcal cells is regulated solely by changes in the amount and activity of a proton-translocating atpase, f1f0 complex [kobayashi, h., suzuki, t. & unemoto, t. (1986) j. biol. chem. 261, 627-630]. we have now examined the proposal with the aid of computer simulation. we find that an increase in the amount of the h+-atpase is necessary for ph regulation and is sufficient to maintain a constant steady-state cyto ... | 1989 | 2522391 |
| transferable vancomycin and teicoplanin resistance in enterococcus faecium. | enterococcus faecium bm4165 and bm4178, isolated from immunocompromised patients, one treated with vancomycin, were inducibly resistant to high levels of the glycopeptide antibiotics vancomycin and teicoplanin but susceptible to the new lipopeptide daptomycin (ly146032). strain bm4165 was also resistant to macrolidelincosamide-streptogramin b-type (mls) antibiotics. the genes conferring resistance to glycopeptides and to mls antibiotics in strain bm4165 were carried on plasmids pip819 and pip821 ... | 1989 | 2523687 |
| leukopenia with neutropenia associated with teicoplanin therapy. | the first case report of leukopenia with neutropenia due to the new glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin is described. the side effect occurred in a 73-year-old man hospitalized because of subacute bacterial endocarditis caused by streptococcus faecalis. leukopenia with neutropenia (white blood cells 2000/mm3, neutrophils 46%) developed after 20 days of teicoplanin therapy. after stopping teicoplanin white blood cell and neutrophil counts reverted to normal, but dropped again on rechallenge. a re ... | 1989 | 2524129 |
| activity of various glycopeptides against an inducibly vancomycin-resistant strain of enterococcus faecium (d366). | | 1989 | 2524533 |
| [sanitary and bacteriologic evaluation of black sea mussels]. | | 1989 | 2526058 |
| comparison of the agar dilution, tube dilution, and broth microdilution susceptibility tests for determination of teicoplanin mics. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the national committee for clinical laboratory standards agar dilution, tube dilution, and broth microdilution susceptibility tests for the measurement of teicoplanin mics. the three standardized tests gave equivalent (within a twofold dilution) results with 98.8 to 99.0% of the 508 gram-positive clinical isolates tested, indicating that either method may be used for teicoplanin mic determination. | 1989 | 2526821 |
| the high-affinity k+-translocating atpase complex from bacillus acidocaldarius consists of three subunits. | cells of the thermoacidophilic bacterium bacillus acidocaldarius express a high-affinity k+-uptake system when grown at low external k+. a vanadate-sensitive, k+- and mg2+-stimulated atpase was partially purified from membranes of these cells by solubilization with a non-ionic detergent followed by ion-exchange chromatography of the extract. combinations of non-denaturing and denaturing electrophoretic separation methods revealed that the atpase complex consisted of three subunits with molecular ... | 1989 | 2527329 |
| evaluation of teicoplanin for treatment of endocarditis caused by gram-positive cocci in 20 patients. | teicoplanin, a new glycopeptide antibiotic similar to vancomycin, was evaluated for the treatment of bacterial endocarditis in an open multicenter study from may 1985 to august 1987. a total of 20 patients with positive blood culture endocarditis received teicoplanin once daily as a mean intravenous injection of 7.3 mg/kg of body weight (range, 4.8 to 10.6 mg/kg); in 17 patients, teicoplanin was combined with another antibiotic, usually an aminoglycoside. the mean duration of therapy was 28 days ... | 1989 | 2527483 |
| effects of clindamycin and gentamicin and other antimicrobial combinations against enterococci in an experimental model of intra-abdominal abscess. | a model was developed to permit direct assessment of antibiotic efficacy against enterococcus species in experimental intra-abdominal abscess. abscesses yielded enterococcus faecalis in pure culture. antimicrobials were delivered by precisely controlled continuous intravenous infusion. after five days of therapy, ampicillin alone or in combination with gentamicin reduced residual bacterial titers from 7.93 +/- 1.05 (untreated) to 3.51 +/- 1.07 and 3.52 +/- 0.81 log10 colony forming units per gra ... | 1989 | 2528215 |
| characterization of vancomycin resistance in enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis. | vancomycin resistance in enterococcus faecium 180, a clinical isolate from england, was studied. resistance to vancomycin was transferable by conjugation to other enterococci. expression of resistance was inducible and coincided with the appearance of a new membrane protein. | 1989 | 2528940 |
| [in vitro effects of combinations of teicoplanin and ceftriaxone against staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus]. | the in vitro activity of antibiotic combinations of teicoplanin (t) and ceftriaxone (c) was evaluated on 10 methicillin sensitive s. aureus (mssa), 10 methicillin resistant s. aureus (mrsa), 4 enterococcus and 2 e. coli. by the checkerboard method the combination t + c showed synergism against 9 mrsa, 2 mssa, 4 enterococcus, indifferent effect against the other strains. by the time-kill-curves method synergism was found for the combinations t + c at 1/2 cmi against mrsa, mssa and enterococcus, a ... | 1989 | 2529468 |
| teicoplanin in the treatment of gram-positive-bacterial endocarditis. | intravenous teicoplanin has been used to treat 23 cases of gram-positive-bacterial endocarditis, usually with 3 to 7 mg/kg every 12 h on the first day, followed by 3 to 7 mg/kg every 24 h. for some cases (staphylococcal and enterococcal endocarditis), the dosage was 8 to 14.4 mg/kg per day and/or other antibiotics were given. the mean duration was 48.2 days (range, 23 to 130 days). of 23 patients, 21 (91.3%) had negative cultures or were cured. a total of 18 patients were treated with teicoplani ... | 1989 | 2529815 |
| sodium-translocating adenosine triphosphatase in streptococcus faecalis. | sodium-translocating atpase in the fermentative bacterium streptococcus faecalis exchanges sodium for potassium ions. sodium ions stimulate its activity, but k+ ions have no significant effect at present. although the molecular nature of the sodium atpase is not clear, the enzyme is distinct from other ion-motive atpases (e1e2 type and f1f0 type) as judged by its resistance to vanadate as well as dicyclohexylcarbodiimde. the sodium atpase is induced when cells are grown on media rich in sodium, ... | 1989 | 2531741 |
| [quality of water in the marine environment. the history and application of microbiology standards]. | the history and application of microbiological standards to measure the quality of seawater for primary-contact recreational use and for the harvesting of shellfish are reviewed. recent research concludes that enterococci, as indicator organisms, provide the most accurate correlation with gastrointestinal disorders attributed to swimming in contaminated waters. accordingly, a linear relation has been established between mean enterococcus density per 100 ml and swimming associated gastrointestina ... | 1989 | 2532898 |
| purification and substrate specificity of a strongly hydrophobic extracellular metalloendopeptidase ("gelatinase") from streptococcus faecalis (strain 0g1-10). | an extracellular zn-endopeptidase was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrates of streptococcus faecalis (human oral strain 0g1-10) by a procedure that comprised concentration in an amicon hollow fiber system, ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel permeation chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography (batch operation on phenyl-sepharose cl-4b), followed by fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) on a phenyl-superose hr 5/5 column, and finally fplc on a superose 12 hr 10/30 ... | 1989 | 2536744 |
| effects of spermine and spermidine on the inorganic pyrophosphatase of streptococcus faecalis. interactions between polyamines and inorganic pyrophosphate. | we have shown a dual role for mg2+ in the hydrolysis of ppi catalysed by inorganic pyrophosphatase (ppase; ec 3.6.1.1) of streptococcus faecalis; mg2+ is necessary for the formation of the substrates, mg1ppi2- and mg2ppi0, and it also acts as an allosteric activator [lahti + jokinen (1985) biochemistry 24, 3526-3530]. no activity can be observed with s. faecalis ppase in the absence of bivalent cations, which indicates that free ppi cannot serve as a substrate for this enzyme. however, significa ... | 1989 | 2541687 |
| in vitro synergism between daptomycin and fosfomycin against enterococcus faecalis isolates with high-level gentamicin resistance. | daptomycin and fosfomycin are two agents which inhibit different steps in peptidoglycan synthesis. we studied the in vitro activities of these drugs, alone and in combination, by time-kill techniques against 21 clinical isolates of enterococcus (streptococcus) faecalis demonstrating high-level resistance to gentamicin. combinations of fosfomycin and daptomycin exhibited synergistic bactericidal activity (100-fold decrease in cfu per milliliter at 24 h compared with daptomycin alone) against all ... | 1989 | 2543282 |
| pathogenicity of enterococci in a rat model of fecal peritonitis. | the pathogenicity of enterococci in intraabdominal sepsis has not been clarified. therefore, fecal-type peritonitis was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of barium sulfate along with a bacterial inoculum consisting of escherichia coli, bacteroides fragilis, and clostridium perfringens with or without streptococcus faecalis. mortality at 19 d and characteristics of intraabdominal abscesses in survivors at 19 d were analyzed. the presence of s. faecalis in the original inoculum was sign ... | 1989 | 2543707 |
| [bactericidal activity of daptomycin and vancomycin alone or in combination with tobramycin, netilmicin or ampicillin against enterococcus]. | the in vitro bactericidal activity of daptomycin and vancomycin alone or in combination was studied against enterococci in a microtiter checkerboard assay and by kill-kinetic experiments. daptomycin was more active than vancomycin and was bactericidal. better fractional bactericidal concentration indices were observed with combinations of vancomycin with aminoglycosides, but in kill-kinetic studies, the combinations of 4 mics of daptomycin with 4 mg/l of tobramycin or netilmicin produced the mor ... | 1989 | 2543946 |
| reduced adherence to traumatized rat heart valves by a low-fibronectin-binding mutant of staphylococcus aureus. | isogenic strains of staphylococcus aureus, differing in fibronectin binding, were constructed for studies of the contribution of fibronectin binding to the in vivo pathogenesis of staphylococcal disease. mutagenesis of s. aureus 879r4s was accomplished by mating with enterococcus faecalis fa378 that carried the transposon tn918. four low-fibronectin-binding mutants were identified that bound 24- to 35-fold less fibronectin than the parent strain did. a spectinomycin-resistant strain, r4ssp, was ... | 1989 | 2545622 |
| bacteria and gallstone nucleation. | this preliminary study reports for the first time that there might be a possible association between bacteria and the aetiology of some cholesterol calculi. the gall-bladder biles from 225 cholecystectomy patients underwent bacteriological and microscopic study. cholesterol calculi from 13 patients (10.2%) were observed to be associated with gall-bladder bile profusely infected with at least one bacterial species that was shown to possess beta-glucuronidase activity, an enzyme that is thought to ... | 1989 | 2546527 |
| effect of rice fiber on human fecal microflora. | the effects of brown rice, containing fourfold as much dietary fiber as polished rice, on the human fecal microflora were determined. significantly increased numbers of bifidobacterium adolescentis and enterococcus faecalis were observed during the brown rice intake, whereas the total counts and the numbers of bacteroides, eubacterium aerofaciens, and escherichia coli during the intake were lower than those before and after the intake. lower numbers of clostridia and low incidences of clostridiu ... | 1989 | 2547140 |
| in vitro activity of sk&f 104662, a new glycopeptide antibiotic. | the in vitro activity of sk&f 104662, a new glycopeptide antibiotic, against gram-positive bacteria was evaluated. activity was comparable to those of teicoplanin and vancomycin against most organisms. sk&f 104662 inhibited diphtheroids at concentrations of less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml. addition of human serum to the test medium lowered the inhibitory activity of this glycopeptide against some organisms by as much as eightfold. | 1989 | 2548444 |
| quality control parameters and interpretive criteria for in vitro susceptibility tests with the macrolide azithromycin. collaborative antimicrobial susceptibility testing group. | quality control parameters for broth microdilution and disk diffusion susceptibility tests were defined and the interpretive criteria for disk diffusion tests reviewed. for interpretation of tests with 15 micrograms azithromycin disks, the following criteria are recommended: greater than or equal to 19 mm for the susceptible category (mic less than or equal to 2.0 micrograms/ml) and less than or equal to 15 mm for the resistant category (mic greater than or equal to 8.0 micrograms/ml). using the ... | 1989 | 2548865 |
| comparative in vitro activity of daptomycin (ly146032) and vancomycin against gram-positive cocci determined using a pharmacokinetic model. | the activity of daptomycin (ly146032) and vancomycin was compared for methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant (mrsa) strains of staphylococcus aureus and for enterococcus faecalis, using a semi-automated model that allows examination of time-kill curves with diminishing drug concentrations, thus reflecting in vivo pharmacokinetics. exposure to daptomycin resulted in rapid killing of all strains of staphylococci and enterococcus faecalis tested. methicillin-sensitive staphylococcal strain ... | 1989 | 2550236 |
| scanning electronmicroscopy of staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis exposed to daptomycin. | the novel lipopeptide antibiotic, daptomycin, at a concentration of 8 mg/l, caused gross morphological changes in both a methicillin-sensitive and a methicillin-resistant strain of staphylococcus aureus and in a strain of enterococcus faecalis. the earliest (after 1 h) surface lesion observed was the appearance of boss-like processes randomly distributed on the cell surface. later, grossly deformed bacteria were seen and in two of the three bacteria prolonged exposure led to degeneration of the ... | 1989 | 2550648 |
| sex pheromones and plasmid transfer in enterococcus faecalis. | plasmid-free enterococcus faecalis excrete peptides (sex pheromones) which specifically induce a mating response in strains harboring certain conjugative plasmids. the response is characterized by the synthesis of a "fuzzy" surface material, visible by electron microscopy, which is believed to facilitate the aggregation of donors and recipients. transconjugants which receive a specific plasmid shut down the production of endogenous pheromone; however, they continue to produce pheromones specific ... | 1989 | 2550976 |
| study by nmr of the mode of action of monensin on streptococcus faecalis de-energized and energized cells. | streptococcus faecalis was used as a bacterial model for studying the mode of action of monensin by nmr investigations. experiments were carried out in two states, characterized by several complementary methods: (i) the resting (de-energized) cell which was considered as an inert biological membrane, on which cationic transport induced by the ionophore alone can be investigated; (ii) the active (energized) cell where the ionophore-sensitive response of the living organism, particularly the catio ... | 1989 | 2551382 |
| in vitro postantibiotic effect of daptomycin (ly146032) against enterococcus faecalis and methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains. | the suppression of bacterial growth that persists after brief exposure to antimicrobial agents has been termed the postantibiotic effect (pae). this pharmacodynamic interaction varies for each microorganism-antimicrobial agent combination. daptomycin (ly146032) is a new lipopeptide antibiotic with activity against gram-positive organisms. we studied the in vitro bactericidal activities and paes of the following drugs: daptomycin compared with penicillin g and vancomycin, without and with gentami ... | 1989 | 2552901 |
| comparative in vitro activities of piperacillin-tazobactam and ticarcillin-clavulanate. | the in vitro activities of ticarcillin, piperacillin, clavulanic acid, tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and piperacillin-tazobactam against 819 bacterial isolates were compared. the two beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid and tazobactam, had little useful antibacterial activity but enhanced the activities of the penicillins against beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus; all strains were su ... | 1989 | 2552904 |
| genetic analysis of the conjugal transfer determinants encoded by the streptococcal broad-host-range plasmid pip501. | pip501 is a 30.2-kilobase (kb) broad-host-range conjugative streptococcal plasmid which encodes chloramphenicol and erythromycin resistance. a smaller conjugation-proficient derivative of pip501 has been constructed and designated pva1702. pva1702 is 25.2 kb, encodes only kanamycin resistance, and confers conjugative ability in an enterococcus faecalis mating system. the temperature-sensitive transposon delivery vectors ptv1ts and ptv32 carrying tn917 and tn917lac, respectively, were used to cre ... | 1989 | 2553667 |
| daptomycin (ly146032) for prevention and treatment of experimental aortic valve endocarditis in rabbits. | the efficacy of daptomycin (ly146032), a vancomycinlike lipopeptide antibiotic, was compared with that of antibiotics commonly in use for prevention and treatment of experimental aortic valve endocarditis in rabbits. strains of staphylococcus aureus. s. epidermidis, streptococcus sanguis, and enterococcus faecalis were used to establish endocarditis. a single 10-mg/kg dose of daptomycin and a single 25-mg/kg dose of vancomycin were both effective in prevention of endocarditis produced by strains ... | 1989 | 2554799 |
| in vitro susceptibility studies of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecalis. | vancomycin resistance exhibited by enterococcus faecalis isolates v583, v586, and v587 is described. the vancomycin mics ranged from 32 to 64 micrograms/ml. although resistant to vancomycin, the isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin (mic, less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml). such a glycopeptide susceptibility profile has not been previously described for e. faecalis. time kill studies showed that vancomycin resistance adversely affected the synergistic activity that vancomycin and aminog ... | 1989 | 2554802 |
| ex vivo study of serum bactericidal titers and killing rates of daptomycin (ly146032) combined or not combined with amikacin compared with those of vancomycin. | twelve volunteers, in two groups of six, received daptomycin at a dose of 1 or 2 mg/kg. in addition, they received in a randomly allocated order amikacin (500 mg), daptomycin-amikacin, and vancomycin (500 mg). thirty-five clinical isolates, including staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, corynebacterium sp. group jk, and enterococcus faecalis, were tested in vitro for the measure of the serum bactericidal titers and killing rates. the mean peak concentrations of daptomycin in serum 1 h after th ... | 1989 | 2556079 |
| introduction of transposon tn916 dna into haemophilus influenzae and haemophilus parainfluenzae. | enterococcus (streptococcus) faecalis transposon tn916 was introduced into haemophilus influenzae rd and haemophilus parainfluenzae by transformation and demonstrated to transpose efficiently. haemophilus transformants resistant to tetracycline were observed at a frequency of approximately 3 x 10(2) to 5 x 10(3)/micrograms of either pam120 (pgl101::tn916) or pam180 (pam81::tn916) plasmid dnas, which are incapable of autonomous replication in this host. restriction enzyme analysis and southern bl ... | 1989 | 2556369 |
| comparative study of visual inspections and microbiological sampling in premises manufacturing and selling high-risk foods. | the possible relationship between the results of a microbiological sampling programme and visual inspections carried out in local food-manufacturing premises was examined. using five main parameters - overall appearance, personal hygiene, risk of contamination, temperature control, and training and education - a visual inspection rating score was established for each of the premises. a variety of high-risk processed foods, and specimens from hands, wiping cloths and environmental swabs were exam ... | 1989 | 2558030 |
| the survival patterns of selected faecal bacteria in tropical fresh waters. | the survival of various faecal bacteria used as indicators of the faecal contamination of water supplies has been investigated in a tropical environment (sierra leone). isolates representing the thermotolerant coliform (ttc) and faecal streptococcus (fs) groups, clostridium perfringens and salmonella spp. were studied over a 48 h period of immersion in water from three different sources. survival patterns varied according to source type, but some general observations were made: a portion of the ... | 1989 | 2558031 |
| transposon-916-like elements in clinical isolates of enterococcus faecium. | tetracycline (tc) resistance was found in nine out of ten clinical isolates of enterococcus faecium. conjugative transposons, designated tn5031, tn5032 and tn5033, were present in the chromosome of three isolates. the transposons were similar both structurally and functionally to tn916 containing the tetm determinant. a large non-conjugative plasmid found in a fourth isolate contained an element homologous to tn916. the four isolates containing the element showing homology to tn916 exhibited a s ... | 1989 | 2559146 |
| transfer of tn1545 and tn916 to clostridium acetobutylicum. | tn1545, a conjugative transposon originally discovered in streptococcus pneumoniae, has been transferred from enterococcus faecalis and bacillus subtilis to clostridium acetobutylicum ncib 8052. transfer between different strains of c. acetobutylicum has also been observed. insertion of tn1545 into the c. acetobutylicum chromosome occurred at multiple sites, as shown by southern hybridization. although ermam (erythromycin-resistance) was the most satisfactory marker for primary selection of tran ... | 1989 | 2560219 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil in the pediatric field]. | bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil (cpdx-pr, cs-807), a new oral cephem antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics. the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. antibacterial activities of r-3746 (na-salt of cefpodoxime (cpdx] against clinically isolated strains of streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, branhamella catarrhalis, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and haemophilus ... | 1989 | 2562789 |
| [clinical studies on cefpodoxime proxetil dry syrup in the field of pediatrics]. | cefpodoxime proxetil (cpdx-pr, cs-807) dry syrup was administered orally to 31 patients with various infections at daily dose levels between 5.4 and 10.9 mg/kg divided into three doses. 1. the subjects were 3 patients with urinary tract infections, 25 with tonsillitis and 1 patient each with bronchitis, pneumonia, and cervical lymphadenitis. clinical effects were excellent in 16 cases, good in 14, and fair in 1 (tonsillitis), with an overall efficacy rate of 96.8%. 2. organisms suspected as path ... | 1989 | 2562790 |
| dna probe for identification of streptococcus pneumoniae. | a total of 287 clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) were tested for their ability to undergo autolysis when treated with sodium deoxycholate. the test was positive for all but one isolate, strain doc-1. this autolysis required the activity of an enzyme which is unique and characteristic of s. pneumoniae: a choline-dependent n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase, the gene product of the lyta gene. we used lyta as a dna probe to test the distribution of the autolysin gene amon ... | 1989 | 2563386 |
| measurement of constitutive l-pyrrolidonyl peptidase activity from streptococcus and enterococcus using tetrazotized 0-dianisidine. | the detection of l-pyrrolidonyl peptidase activity is extremely useful for the differentiation of enterococcus species and streptococcus pyogenes from other members of the family streptococaceae. this analysis has generally been performed utilizing the hydrolyzable substrate l-pyrrolidonyl beta-naphthylamine. after the substrate was hydrolyzed, free beta-naphthylamine has been detected utilizing the reagent para-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde. the cinnamaldehyde and naphthylamine reagents combined ... | 1989 | 2569292 |
| rapid identification of streptococcus bovis by using combination constitutive enzyme substrate hydrolyses. | several studies have documented the association of blood and rectal-culture positivity for streptococcus bovis with gastrointestinal neoplasia, especially colonic carcinoma. conventional methods using bile-esculin hydrolysis, salt tolerance, and sugar fermentations to differentiate s. bovis from other streptococci are laborious, slow, and relatively expensive. commercially available systems are costly and require at least 24 to 48 h of incubation. a rapid identification procedure for s. bovis an ... | 1989 | 2570081 |
| few-minutes tests for the identification of group a streptococci and enterococci with chromogenic substrates. | the usefulness of paper strip tests for rapid identification of streptococcus pyogenes and enterococci cultured on blood agar plates was investigated. the paper strips used contain dried chromogenic substrates for pyrrolidonyl peptidase (pyrase) and beta-glucosidase (beta-gluc). material from only a few colonies needed to be applied to the test strips. the reactions could be read after two min (pyrase) and 5-7 min (beta-gluc), respectively. results from testing 503 streptococcal strains were eva ... | 1989 | 2576626 |
| a soluble suppressor t cell factor protects against experimental intraabdominal abscesses. | this paper describes a suppressor t cell factor which protects mice against intraabdominal abscesses caused by bacteroides fragilis. this soluble cell-free factor (itf) is derived from splenic t cells from mice immunized with capsular polysaccharide (cp) of b. fragilis. mice receiving itf are protected from developing abscesses caused by b. fragilis to the same degree as animals receiving intact immune splenic t cells. the factor appears to be small in molecular size as protective activity is di ... | 1985 | 2579976 |
| the faecal flora of the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca). | the faecal floras of two adult (male and female) and one infant (male) giant panda kept at the ueno zoo, tokyo, japan were examined and shown to be quite different from those of other animals. the predominant bacteria in the adults were streptococcus (including enterococcus) and enterobacteriaceae, while obligate anaerobes had minor populations. fastidious anaerobes were not detected. the predominant bacteria in the suckling infant were lactobacillus and streptococcus, followed by bifidobacteriu ... | 1989 | 2584169 |
| diagnostic considerations and interpretation of microbiological findings for evaluation of chronic prostatitis. | seventy-five patients attending a clinic for chronic prostatitis were evaluated by use of lower urinary tract localization cultures. coagulase-negative staphylococci, alpha-hemolytic streptococci, and diphtheroids were the most common isolates, but none of these organisms were pathogens, based on the absence of bacteriuria or evidence of an inflammatory response in prostatic secretions. recognized uropathogens were isolated in 12 (16%) of the 75 cases and included escherichia coli in 6 cases, en ... | 1989 | 2584375 |
| [treatment of 2d and 3d degree complicated tibial shaft fractures with the pmma bead pouch technic]. | in a consecutive series of 222 compound fractures treated at the university of louisville level i trauma center from november 1984 to january 1987, 21 severe compound tibia shaft fractures in 20 patients were managed with the antibiotic bead pouch technique. there were 5 tibia shaft fractures and 16 tib-fib fractures. there were 9 type ii and 12 type iii (4 iii a and 8 iii b) open tibias. the patients' ages ranged from 16 to 50 years; the mean age was 29 years. there were 19 men and 1 woman. the ... | 1989 | 2588009 |
| intravenous/oral ciprofloxacin versus ceftazidime in the treatment of serious infections. | seventy-one adult patients with 72 infections were treated, by random selection, with intravenous/oral ciprofloxacin or intravenously administered ceftazidime. twenty-seven additional patients with 29 infections who were not appropriate for random assignment were treated in an open study with intravenously administered ciprofloxacin only; the latter infections were generally more serious or were caused by ceftazidime-resistant organisms. the most common doses were ciprofloxacin, 200 mg intraveno ... | 1989 | 2589361 |
| ciprofloxacin in patients with bacteremic infections. the spanish group for the study of ciprofloxacin. | the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of 68 episodes of bacteremia were studied. patients were treated intravenously (30 cases), orally (13 cases), or with sequential intravenous/oral therapy (25 cases). intravenous doses ranged from 200 to 400 mg per day and oral doses ranged from 1,000 to 1,500 mg per day. according to the criteria of mccabe and jackson, 39 cases had nonfatal and 29 had ultimately fatal underlying diseases. the clinical condition of patients at the start of ... | 1989 | 2589366 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fk482, a new oral cephalosporin. | fk482 is an oral aminothiazolyl hydroxyimino cephalosporin with a c-3 vinyl group. its activity was compared with those of cephalexin, cefuroxime, cefixime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate. fk482 inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus isolates at 1 micrograms/ml and 90% of streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, and streptococcus pneumoniae isolates at less than or equal to 0.012 micrograms/ml, superior to cephalexin and cefuroxime and similar to cefixime. it did not inhibit oxacillin-resi ... | 1989 | 2589845 |
| a contribution to the situation of antibiotic resistance in abeokuta (ogunstate) and minna (nigerstate) in nigeria. | after testing various chemotherapeutics the following conclusions could be drawn: pseudomonas was sensitive only to gentamicin. gentamicin, aminopenicilline + calvulanacid and cefoxitin were 100% effective against e. coli. gentamicin also proved effective against enterobacter (83%). cefoxitin, aminopenicillin + clavulanacid, gentamicin and trimethoprim + sulfonamide were effective against klebsiella. concerning proteus sp., cefoxitin showed best results (100%). acinetobacter was 100% inhibited b ... | 1989 | 2599386 |
| efficacy of clavulanate-potentiated antibiotics against bacteroides species and artificially associated cultures of aerobes and anaerobes. | clavulanic acid is known to potentiate the activity of amoxycillin and ticarcillin against beta-lactamase-producing bacteroides species. in order to assess the usefulness of the clavulanate antibiotics in mixed infections with aerobes and anaerobes, artificially associated cultures of clinically significant bacteroides species and facultative anaerobes (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus spp. and streptococcus spp.) were tested. ... | 1989 | 2606820 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of kb-5246, a new tetracyclic quinolone. | the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of kb-5246, a tetracyclic quinolone, were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and norfloxacin. kb-5246 demonstrated a broad antibacterial spectrum. the in vitro activity of kb-5246 against gram-negative bacteria was higher than that of ofloxacin or norfloxacin and was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin. kb-5246 demonstrated the greatest activity against gram-positive bacteria of the four agents tested. among streptococcus pyogenes s ... | 1989 | 2610501 |