| long-range structure of h-ras 1-selected transgenomes. | we have used chromosome-mediated gene transfer (cmgt) and whole cell fusion to derive human-mouse hybrid cells carrying reduced human chromosomes 11, by selecting for expression of the transforming h-ras 1 oncogene. to realize the full potential of these somatic cell genetic techniques as resources for enriched dna probe isolation and the fine structure mapping of chromosomes, the nature of any molecular rearrangements that may accompany the process of dna transfer must be understood. we have an ... | 1989 | 2567060 |
| the cd2 antigen associates with the t-cell antigen receptor cd3 antigen complex on the surface of human t lymphocytes. | t lymphocytes can be activated by various stimuli directed either against the t-cell antigen receptor-cd3 antigen complex (ti-cd3) or the cd2 molecule; see ref. 1 for a review. activation signals generated by antigen binding to the antigen-specific alpha/beta heterodimer (ti) are thought to be transduced via the invariant cd3 gamma, epsilon and delta chains, and the associated zeta and eta subunits. the physiological role of the interaction of cd2 with its homologous cell-surface associated liga ... | 1989 | 2567497 |
| randomised study of myringotomy, amoxycillin/clavulanate, or both for acute otitis media in infants. | in a prospective study, 105 infants aged 3-12 months with acute otitis media were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: amoxycillin/clavulanate ('augmentin') alone (36 patients), myringotomy plus placebo (35 patients), or augmentin plus myringotomy (34 patients). the last two groups were double-blinded. bacterial pathogens, mainly haemophilus influenzae (of which 20% were beta-lactamase producers) and streptococcus pneumoniae, were isolated from 60% of the ear exudates and all isol ... | 1989 | 2567903 |
| assessment of pancreatic islet-cell population in the hyperglycemic athymic nude mouse: immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and hormonal studies. | previous studies in diabetic animal models have demonstrated altered pancreatic islet-cell populations. to further characterize the diabetic syndrome in our athymic nude mouse colony, we studied the population of endocrine cells in pancreatic islets of 4-week-old normoglycemic and 8-week-old hyperglycemic athymic nude (nu/nu) mice using immunohistochemistry, morphometry, and electron microscopy. in normoglycemic 4-week athymic nu/nu mice, the proportions of b (insulin-secreting) cells and a (glu ... | 1989 | 2569196 |
| cloning and structural characterization of the genes coding for adenosylcobalamin-dependent methylmalonyl-coa mutase from propionibacterium shermanii. | the structural genes coding for both subunits of adenosylcobalamin-dependent methylmalonyl-coa mutase from the gram-positive bacterium propionibacterium shermanii have been cloned, with the use of synthetic oligonucleotides as primary hybridization probes. the genes are closely linked and are transcribed in the same direction. nucleotide sequence analysis of 4.5 kb of dna encompassing both genes allowed us to infer the complete amino acid sequence of the two subunits: the beta-subunit is the pro ... | 1989 | 2569861 |
| hydrogen peroxide mutagenicity towards salmonella typhimurium. | in bioassays conducted under controlled, comparable conditions, weak direct mutagenicity responses were observed for hydrogen peroxide in the standard (ames test) agar plate incorporation bioassay with salmonella typhimurium strains ta97, ta98, ta102, and ta1537, in a 20 min preincubation test with strains ta97, ta98, ta100, ta102, ta1537, and ta1538, and in a liquid incubation modification using strain ta1537. these results conclusively demonstrate that hydrogen peroxide is a weak mutagen, espe ... | 1989 | 2572065 |
| bacteroides loeschei pk1295 cells express two distinct adhesins simultaneously. | bacteroides loeschei synthesizes two distinct adhesins that mediate its coaggregation with streptococcus sanguis 34 and actinomyces israeli pk14. streptococcal adhesin-specific and actinomyces adhesin-specific monoclonal antibodies were used to prepare antibody-coated 5- or 10-nm gold particles. these were used in immunoelectron microscopic studies to establish that essentially all bacteroides cells in a population express both adhesins. in general, the two sizes of gold particles representing e ... | 1989 | 2572563 |
| influence of infused beta-adrenergic agonists on porcine blood metabolites and catecholamines. | anesthetized pigs were infused sequentially with increased concentrations of beta-adrenergic agonists. at selected times during infusion, blood pressure, heart rate and plasma concentrations of free fatty acids (ffa), glycerol, glucose, lactate, norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine were measured. azaperone, a drug used to calm the pigs before anesthesia, caused hypotension and bradycardia but did not affect plasma metabolites. infusion of norepinephrine, epinephrine, isoproterenol or clenbut ... | 1989 | 2572576 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism of the human insulin receptor gene among mexican americans. | recently, we examined a restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) at the insulin receptor locus in mexican americans. this rflp can be detected using the restriction endonuclease rsa i, and has three alleles of 3.4 kb, 6.2 kb, and 6.7 kb. our data suggested that the 3.4 kilobase pair (kb) allele may be associated with type ii (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus in mexican americans. we initiated studies to identify additional polymorphisms at the insulin receptor locus that might be ... | 1989 | 2573118 |
| modulation of the autonomic control of the failing heart. | the failing heart operates with an abnormal combination of heart rate, stroke volume, and enddiastolic volume. this mismatch becomes more evident during exercise of patients with heart failure, when an increase in cardiac output is achieved with higher heart rate, a lower stroke volume and a higher enddiastolic volume. using the beta 1-adrenoceptor partial agonist xamoterol which lacks beta 2-adrenoceptor agonism the response of the heart to sympathetic stimulation can be modulated. at rest and ... | 1989 | 2573339 |
| on the mechanism of positive inotropic effects of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists. | the positive inotropic effect of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine is accompanied by an increase in the presumed second messengers inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (1,4,5-ip3) and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (1,3,4,5-ip4). both 1,4,5-ip3 and 1,3,4,5-ip4 sensitize myocardial contractile proteins in chemically skinned fibers. in addition to the ca++ releasing effect of 1,4,5-ip3 from the sarcoplasmic reticulum the ca++-sensitizing effect of the inositol phosphates may play a role i ... | 1989 | 2573342 |
| glutamine synthetase and glutaminase activities in various hepatoma cells. | glutamine synthetase and glutaminase activities in a series of hepatoma cells of human and rat origins were determined for comparison with normal liver tissues. marked decrease in glutamine synthetase activity was observed in the tumor cells. phosphate-dependent and phosphate-independent glutaminase activities were increased compared with those from normal liver tissues. well coupled mitochondria were isolated from huh 13 line of human hepatoma cells and human liver. oxypolarographic tests showe ... | 1989 | 2573354 |
| structure-activity relationships as a response to the pharmacological differences in beta-receptor ligands. | with a few notable exceptions, beta-receptor ligands (agonists and antagonists) belong to the aryl- or heteroaryl-ethanolamine series and to the aryl- or heteroaryl-oxypropanolamine series. structure-activity relationships for beta-adrenergic agonists show that a secondary amine in the phenylethanolamine side chain ending is essential for receptor stimulation. the 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl groups may be replaced by "phenol equivalents" (-ch2oh, -nhconh2, -choh, -nhso2ch3). in contrast, substitution at ... | 1989 | 2573372 |
| [effects of bombesin on gastrin, somatostatin, glucagon and acid secretion from isolated rat stomach in vitro]. | effects of bombesin on the secretion of gastric acid and gastro-intestinal hormones were investigated in isolated perfused rat stomach. bombesin (intra-arterial, 2 x 10(-10) mol/l, 0.3 ml/min) stimulated gastric acid secretion from basal 2.50 +/- 0.05 x 10(-1) to 8.40 +/- 1.50 x 10(-1) meq/min (p less than 0.001). exogenous addition of pentagastrin did not potentiate this effect of bombesin. bombesin induced twice releasing of gastrin and somatostatin in portal effluent but inhibited glucagon se ... | 1989 | 2574916 |
| central and peripheral actions of alpha 2-adrenergic agonists on renal function in long-evans and brattleboro rats. | the effects of 3 alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonists on renal function in vasopressin (avp)-deficient brattleboro (di) rats were evaluated. the aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of central versus peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors in mediating diuresis and natriuresis, as well as the role of alpha 2-adrenoceptors in antagonizing the actions of avp. in addition to the studies of renal function, the effects of avp deficiency on renal alpha 2-adrenoceptor affinity and numb ... | 1989 | 2575260 |
| study of the negative inotropic action of somatostatin. | somatostatin was evaluated as a chronotropic and inotropic agent in isolated, spontaneously beating guinea-pig atria. somatostatin (3 x 10(-5)-1 x 10(-3) mm) caused a concentration-dependent negative inotropic effect and a small reduction of atrial rate. the negative inotropic effect of somatostatin was evaluated at different concentrations of extracellular calcium, on the positive inotropic response induced by calcium and on the positive chronotropic response induced by adrenaline. small, nonsi ... | 1989 | 2575886 |
| measurement of igg in equine blood by immunoturbidimetry and latex agglutination. | this paper describes the quantitative measurement of igg concentrations in equine blood/serum by turbidimetric analysis and the qualitative assessment using latex agglutination. the concentration of igg in foal serum measured by turbidimetry correlated well with the results obtained by radial immunodiffusion (r = 0.91) and the gamma-globulins estimated from the electrophoresis of serum on cellulose acetate (r = 0.92). the method, using antibody-coated latex beads, to detect foals with serum igg ... | 1985 | 2580703 |
| structural analysis of the o-glycosidically linked core-region oligosaccharides of human meconium glycoproteins which express oncofoetal antigens. | glycoproteins were extracted from meconium samples of group o neonates of secretor type by pronase digestion followed by precipitation in 67% aqueous ethanol and separated into ii antigen enriched and depleted fractions by affinity chromatography. the latter fraction strongly expressed the oncofoetal antigens recognised by natural antibodies in mouse sera and the hybridoma antibody fc 10.2, and this activity was enhanced after mild acid hydrolysis to remove sialic acid and fucose residues. oligo ... | 1985 | 2580706 |
| the effects of subdiabetogenic streptozotocin doses on rat beta cell volume and functions. | the influence of a single i.v. injection of 30 mg/kg streptozotocin (sz) into female wistar rats on plasma glucose, pancreatic insulin content, volume and function of the remaining beta-cells has been investigated. 14 days after sz treatment most animals remained normoglycemic; only about 15% showed permanent hyperglycemia. the pancreatic insulin content in normoglycemic rats was reduced to 30%, whereas in hyperglycemic rats only 6% of control values could be detected. the remaining beta-cell vo ... | 1985 | 2581562 |
| [synthesis of oligosaccharide fragments of o-specific shigella flexneri polysaccharides. ii. synthesis of trisaccharide glc alpha1----3rha alpha1----2rha alpha1----ome and tetrasaccharide glcnac beta1----2(llc alpha1----3)rha alpha1----2rh alpha1----ome]. | methyl glycosides of the title linear trisaccharide and branched tetrasaccharide were synthesized by stepwise glycosylation. these oligosaccharides represent the fragments of o-antigenic polysaccharides of shigella flexneri serotypes 2b, 3a, 5b, and x. | 1985 | 2581587 |
| inflammatory bowel disease. | the place of inflammatory bowel disorders in the spondarthritis matrix has been discussed and aetiopathological and clinicoradiological features of their individual arthropathies described. particular emphasis has been placed on the arthropathies of ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease, but a comment is also included on the much rarer condition, whipple's disease. the position of reactive arthritis resulting from enteric infection in relation to the spondarthritis concept is examined in the li ... | 1985 | 2581732 |
| chronic colitis after aeromonas infection. | | 1989 | 2583575 |
| some trematodes of freshwater fishes from north vietnam with a list of recorded endohelminths by fish hosts. | the present paper comprises a systematic survey of trematodes collected from 12 species of freshwater fishes from north vietnam (the red river near hanoi). altogether 16 trematode species (14 adults and 2 juvenile forms) have been recorded. these include: amurotrema dombrowskajae, platycladorchis microacetabularis, p. macroacetabularis, neocladorchis multilobularis, carassotrema koreanum, azygia hwangtsiyui, phyllodistomum clariasi, phyllodistomum sp., orientocreadium batrachoides, masenia colla ... | 1989 | 2583614 |
| route of delivery of phenylalanine influences its effect on short-term food intake in adult male rats. | the effect of phenylalanine (phe) on plasma and brain phe and tyrosine (tyr) levels and on short-term food intake in male rats was measured after intragastric (i.g.), subcutaneous (s.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration. compared to equimolar alanine (ala), which served as the control, phe significantly suppressed feeding at a dose of 90 mg/kg body wt when given i.p., but doses up to 720 mg/kg body wt had no effect when given i.g. or s.c. the high doses of phe given by the i.g. or s.c. ... | 1989 | 2585142 |
| expression and desensitisation of a2 purinoceptors on cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. | purine nucleotides and their metabolites are important mediators of vascular tone. adenosine promotes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, acting on the a2 subclass of purinoceptors. there is some evidence that these receptors are also present on vascular endothelial cells. we have therefore examined cultured aortic endothelial cells for adenosine (a2) sensitivity. bovine aortic endothelial cells (ag4762) were obtained from the institute of aging cell repository (usa), and cultured in monolayer ... | 1989 | 2590913 |
| recovery of proteins and peptides with nanogram loads on non-porous packings. | | 1989 | 2592499 |
| causes of death and the histopathologic findings in fatal shigellosis. | thirty-seven children (median age, 2 years) with shigellosis in bangladesh were subjected to postmortem examination to determine causes of death and the spectrum of intestinal histopathology. infecting species were: shigella dysenteriae 1, 7 cases; s. dysenteriae 2, 2 cases; shigella flexneri, 23 cases; shigella boydii, 4 cases; and mixed infection with shigella boydii and shigella sonnei, 1 case. complicating conditions detected before death included malnutrition in 25 cases, pneumonia in 11 ca ... | 1989 | 2594452 |
| differential blocking effects of atropine and gallamine on negative chronotropic and dromotropic responses to vagus stimulation in anesthetized dogs. | the negative dromotropic response to cervical vagus stimulation was inhibited less than the negative chronotropic response to cervical vagus stimulation by the same dose of atropine in neurally decentralized, anesthetized dogs. atropine and gallamine bind different muscarinic binding sites. we thus investigated the blocking effects of atropine and gallamine on the negative chronotropic and dromotropic responses to stimulation of the vagus nerves. we stimulated the intracardiac vagus nerves to th ... | 1989 | 2600814 |
| rheumatoid synovial fluid reconstitutes the b-cell defect in cba/n mice. | synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra-sf) contains a biological activity which can replace t cells for activation of antibody secretion in human blood lymphoid cells and which can also induce the selective differentiation of igg2b-secreting cells in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-pre-activated mouse spleen cells. the b-cell activity of this factor was studied in cba/n mice which have an x-linked b-cell immunodeficiency which manifests itself as a defective humoral response to cert ... | 1989 | 2602914 |
| cardiopulmonary baroreflex control of brachial artery diameter in sustained essential hypertension. | an exaggerated reflex response of forearm resistance vessels following stimulation of cardiac mechanoreceptors has been observed in human hypertension. in the present study we analyze the possibility that such an increased response also involves the large brachial artery. for that purpose, the influence of leg elevation in subjects in a supine position on brachial artery diameter and blood flow velocity was studied in 12 healthy, normal males and 17 males of the same age with sustained essential ... | 1989 | 2607141 |
| signal structure of the cis-acting element recognized by virg protein, a positive regulator in agrobacterium. | virg protein is known to be the positive regulator for vir genes of ri and ti plasmids in agrobacterium. to investigate the cis-acting element recognized by virg, we have determined the transcriptional start points of the vir genes on ri plasmid (pria4b). from the analysis of the upstream sequences, it has been found that the sequences generally similar to 5'tg(a/t)aa(c/t)3' appear in phase with an 11-base pair interval, and that the -35 and -10 regions of the promoters are located nearly in the ... | 1989 | 2608465 |
| symptoms associated with diarrhoeal illness at san lazaro hospital, manila in 1983 and 1984. | the clinical features associated with various agents of diarrhoeal disease were studied using 2,836 patients admitted to san lazaro hospital, manila. three general patient groups were considered including single pathogen isolations, "multiple pathogen" isolations, and "no pathogen" isolations. in general, symptoms of diarrhoeal illness were found to be non-specific. however, shigella flexneri. vibrio parahemolyticus, and rotavirus were significantly associated with a number of prominent symptoms ... | 1989 | 2609210 |
| three dimensional observations of the palisade-shaped nerve endings of normal hair of rat's snout. | the nerve endings of normal hair of the rat's snout, partially digested with trypsin and hydrochloric acid, were studied by scanning electron microscopy. each lanceolate structure measured ca. 10 microns in length and was arranged around the hair follicle. these palisade-shaped nerve endings were situated almost beneath the sebaceous glands, ran upward, parallel to the axis of the hair follicle, and terminated in pointed shape. 2 kinds of cells, teloglia cell type i showing flat profile, and tel ... | 1989 | 2610376 |
| studies on acute toxic effects to keratinocytes induced by hematoporphyrin derivatives and laser light. | human epidermal keratinocytes were grown in culture and the uptake of hematoporphyrin derivatives (hpds) used in photodynamic therapy was estimated. keratinocytes loaded with hpds were irradiated with laser light of 632 nm generated by a helium-neon laser and cell toxicity was determined by the trypan blue exclusion test and the measurement of enzyme release. with increasing intracellular concentration of hpds and with increasing intensity of the laser light, an increasing number of cells took u ... | 1989 | 2610520 |
| ecotoxicological characterization of industrial wastewater--sulfite pulp mill with bleaching. | different process wastewaters from a sulfite pulp mill with bleaching were characterized by chemical analysis and toxicity tests. the amount of adsorbable organically bound halogen (aox) from the bleachery was 3.6 kg per ton pulp. the extractable organically bound chlorine was 15% of aox. some identified organochlorine compounds in the effluent could be traced in the receiving water. effluents from the chlorination and alkaline extraction stages and the condensate were the main contributors to t ... | 1989 | 2612424 |
| ecotoxicological characterization of industrial wastewater--sulfite pulp mill with bleaching. | different process wastewaters from a sulfite pulp mill with bleaching were characterized by chemical analysis and toxicity tests. the amount of adsorbable organically bound halogen (aox) from the bleachery was 3.6 kg per ton pulp. the extractable organically bound chlorine was 15% of aox. some identified organochlorine compounds in the effluent could be traced in the receiving water. effluents from the chlorination and alkaline extraction stages and the condensate were the main contributors to t ... | 1989 | 2612424 |
| effects of postnatal dexamethasone treatment on development of alveoli in adult rats. | we compared the effects of dexamethasone given to rats from age 4 to 14 days, on alveolar development at age 99 days. judged by similar nose-to-tail length and body weight, somatic growth was not altered by dexamethasone treatment. lung volumes in both air- and saline-filled lungs and mean chord length (lm) were increased, whereas alveolar surface area (sa) and surface-to-volume ratio (s/v) were diminished in dexamethasone-treated adult rats. these changes were associated with a significant redu ... | 1989 | 2612450 |
| effects of postnatal dexamethasone treatment on development of alveoli in adult rats. | we compared the effects of dexamethasone given to rats from age 4 to 14 days, on alveolar development at age 99 days. judged by similar nose-to-tail length and body weight, somatic growth was not altered by dexamethasone treatment. lung volumes in both air- and saline-filled lungs and mean chord length (lm) were increased, whereas alveolar surface area (sa) and surface-to-volume ratio (s/v) were diminished in dexamethasone-treated adult rats. these changes were associated with a significant redu ... | 1989 | 2612450 |
| pathophysiological variations in the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity. | the effects of fasting, diabetes, cholestasis, two-third hepatectomy and adrenalectomy on the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity were studied. our results show a significant decrease of the enzyme activity during fasting (-50%), during experimental diabetes (-50%), in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy (-70%) and after extrahepatic cholestasis (-70%). no modifications are noted when the rats are bilaterally adrenalectomized. these findings suggest that the enzyme acti ... | 1989 | 2612451 |
| pathophysiological variations in the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity. | the effects of fasting, diabetes, cholestasis, two-third hepatectomy and adrenalectomy on the rat liver plasma membrane serine proteinase activity were studied. our results show a significant decrease of the enzyme activity during fasting (-50%), during experimental diabetes (-50%), in regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy (-70%) and after extrahepatic cholestasis (-70%). no modifications are noted when the rats are bilaterally adrenalectomized. these findings suggest that the enzyme acti ... | 1989 | 2612451 |
| characterization of excretory-secretory proteins synthesized in vitro by schistosoma mansoni primary sporocysts. | excretory-secretory (e-s) products released by larval schistosomes have been implicated in the interference of host snail defense systems. because of the potentially important role that e-s products play in the parasite-host relationship, total and newly synthesized e-s proteins from in vitro-cultured schistosoma mansoni primary sporocysts were characterized using incorporation of [35s]methionine followed by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and fluorography. to ... | 1989 | 2614597 |
| indomethacin blocks the anorexic action of interleukin-1. | it has been reported recently that the central nervous system actions of interleukin-1 are mediated by the prostaglandin system in the brain. the present study was therefore performed in order to examine the hypothesis that indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, might alleviate the interleukin-1-induced suppression of food intake in rats. the i.p. injection of interleukin-1 (2 micrograms/rat) resulted in a significant decrease in food intake. the pre-injection of indomethacin ... | 1989 | 2620696 |
| indomethacin blocks the anorexic action of interleukin-1. | it has been reported recently that the central nervous system actions of interleukin-1 are mediated by the prostaglandin system in the brain. the present study was therefore performed in order to examine the hypothesis that indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis, might alleviate the interleukin-1-induced suppression of food intake in rats. the i.p. injection of interleukin-1 (2 micrograms/rat) resulted in a significant decrease in food intake. the pre-injection of indomethacin ... | 1989 | 2620696 |
| synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. i. pachytene substaging and the normal full bloods. | meiotic chromosome pairing abnormalities in full-blood and hybrid bos taurus and b. indicus cattle have been surveyed by electron microscopy of pachytene synaptonemal complex spreads. in this paper the full-blood spreads are described in detail, including the use of xy and nucleolar morphology and other measured parameters for pachytene substaging. pairing abnormalities were observed in up to 9% of the full-blood spreads. most of these pairing abnormalities (83%) occurred in early-pachytene spre ... | 1989 | 2620818 |
| synaptonemal complex analysis of hybrid cattle. i. pachytene substaging and the normal full bloods. | meiotic chromosome pairing abnormalities in full-blood and hybrid bos taurus and b. indicus cattle have been surveyed by electron microscopy of pachytene synaptonemal complex spreads. in this paper the full-blood spreads are described in detail, including the use of xy and nucleolar morphology and other measured parameters for pachytene substaging. pairing abnormalities were observed in up to 9% of the full-blood spreads. most of these pairing abnormalities (83%) occurred in early-pachytene spre ... | 1989 | 2620818 |
| [experimental and clinical studies on the exclusion and bypassing operation for abdominal aortic and iliac artery aneurysms]. | for the purpose of simplifying operative techniques and decreasing operative risks, we evaluated excusion and bypassing operation for infrarenal abdominal aortic and iliac artery aneurysm (aaa) both experimentally and clinically. this method includes dissection and closure of proximal stump of the aneurysm and anatomical bypass technique in principle. in the experiments, the ratio of internal pressure of the excluded aorta (e.ao) to systemic blood pressure (e.p.i.) was 0.62 +/- 0.03 (n = 7, mean ... | 1989 | 2626156 |
| [experimental and clinical studies on the exclusion and bypassing operation for abdominal aortic and iliac artery aneurysms]. | for the purpose of simplifying operative techniques and decreasing operative risks, we evaluated excusion and bypassing operation for infrarenal abdominal aortic and iliac artery aneurysm (aaa) both experimentally and clinically. this method includes dissection and closure of proximal stump of the aneurysm and anatomical bypass technique in principle. in the experiments, the ratio of internal pressure of the excluded aorta (e.ao) to systemic blood pressure (e.p.i.) was 0.62 +/- 0.03 (n = 7, mean ... | 1989 | 2626156 |
| increased erythrocyte adenosine deaminase activity in children with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus infection. | erythrocyte adenosine deaminase (ada) activity was assessed in 33 children born to human immuno-deficiency virus (hiv)-positive mothers. the enzyme values were significantly increased in infected, symptom-free children compared with a control group of hiv-negative subjects (mean +/- sd: 0.34 +/- 0.01 unit/ml red blood cells (rbc) vs. 0.25 +/- 0.04 unit/ml rbc, p less than 0.01) and a further significant increase was found in symptomatic children (0.45 +/- 0.02 unit/ml rbc, p less than 0.01 vs. i ... | 1989 | 2626286 |
| [effects of smoking on human health]. | in this study, 30 cases of male smokers aged 35.7 +/- 5.2 years mean and 30 male nonsmokers aged 36.6 +/- 6.8 years were selected from a factory. before the assay, everyone smoked one pack of cigarette in a day, after that these tests were done. the experimental results as follows. 1. comparing with control group, the levels of igg and igm in serum of smoking group are lower. it was shown that smoking has an inhibitive effect on phagocytosis and bactericidal of am, so smoking has a damaging and ... | 1989 | 2632033 |
| [effects of smoking on human health]. | in this study, 30 cases of male smokers aged 35.7 +/- 5.2 years mean and 30 male nonsmokers aged 36.6 +/- 6.8 years were selected from a factory. before the assay, everyone smoked one pack of cigarette in a day, after that these tests were done. the experimental results as follows. 1. comparing with control group, the levels of igg and igm in serum of smoking group are lower. it was shown that smoking has an inhibitive effect on phagocytosis and bactericidal of am, so smoking has a damaging and ... | 1989 | 2632033 |
| superoxide dismutase activity in some strains of lactobacilli: induction by manganese. | dialyzed cell-free extract of lactobacilli was found to contain superoxide dismutase activity by using a test system in which superoxide ion is generated by xanthine oxidase. the specific activities of lactobacillus acidophilus atcc 4356, lactobacillus murinus atcc 35020, lactobacillus acidophilus crl 358, lactobacillus plantarum atcc 8014, lactobacillus casei crl 431, lactobacillus plantarum crl 353, lactobacillus fermentum atcc 9338, lactobacillus buchneri ncdo 110, and lactobacillus fermentum ... | 1989 | 2632048 |
| superoxide dismutase activity in some strains of lactobacilli: induction by manganese. | dialyzed cell-free extract of lactobacilli was found to contain superoxide dismutase activity by using a test system in which superoxide ion is generated by xanthine oxidase. the specific activities of lactobacillus acidophilus atcc 4356, lactobacillus murinus atcc 35020, lactobacillus acidophilus crl 358, lactobacillus plantarum atcc 8014, lactobacillus casei crl 431, lactobacillus plantarum crl 353, lactobacillus fermentum atcc 9338, lactobacillus buchneri ncdo 110, and lactobacillus fermentum ... | 1989 | 2632048 |
| ozagrel hydrochloride monohydrate, a thromboxane synthase inhibitor, and its metabolites as inhibitors of hepatic microsomal drug metabolism. | the change in the hepatic oxidative drug-metabolizing capacity in humans treated with ozagrel hydrochloride monohydrate (oza), an imidazole derivative and a new thromboxane a2 synthase inhibitor, was studied and the inhibitory potencies of the metabolites of oza (m-1 and m-2) on the mouse hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system in vitro were compared with that of oza. in vitro, m-1 and m-2, which are the beta-oxidized form and the reduced form of oza, respectively, inhibited aminopyrine n-demeth ... | 1989 | 2632083 |
| ozagrel hydrochloride monohydrate, a thromboxane synthase inhibitor, and its metabolites as inhibitors of hepatic microsomal drug metabolism. | the change in the hepatic oxidative drug-metabolizing capacity in humans treated with ozagrel hydrochloride monohydrate (oza), an imidazole derivative and a new thromboxane a2 synthase inhibitor, was studied and the inhibitory potencies of the metabolites of oza (m-1 and m-2) on the mouse hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system in vitro were compared with that of oza. in vitro, m-1 and m-2, which are the beta-oxidized form and the reduced form of oza, respectively, inhibited aminopyrine n-demeth ... | 1989 | 2632083 |
| long residual activity of bacillus sphaericus 1593 against culex quinquefasciatus larvae in artificial pools. | the microbial larvicide, bacillus sphaericus 1593, was evaluated against culex quinquefasciatus larvae in artificial pools at huay kwang area in bangkok between march and october 1985. this study was aimed at determining the residual activity of b. sphaericus 1593 in waste water under field conditions. the larvicidal activity of b. sphaericus 1593 was found to persist for at least 5 months in artificial pools containing waste water. the populations of b. sphaericus 1593 in the test water fluctua ... | 1989 | 2633350 |
| distribution, oxygenation, and clonogenicity of macrophages in a murine tumor. | transplantable murine tumors, such as the squamous cell carcinoma growing in c3h mice, include a significant proportion of normal cells. the nature of these cells, their locations relative to the blood supply, their oxygenation status, and ability to incorporate 3h-thymidine were examined by sorting cells staining positive or negative with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated goat antimouse igg. of the cells that were recovered from this tumor, 39% +/- 19 (n = 25) were igg+ cells, and this perc ... | 1989 | 2639726 |
| molecular studies of human response to allergens. | | 1989 | 2639765 |
| recurrent shigellosis complicating human immunodeficiency virus infection: failure of pre-existing antibodies to confer protection. | | 1989 | 2642653 |
| clinical applications of recombinant human colony-stimulating factors. | the differentiation and maturation of hematopoietic progenitor cells are regulated by certain growth factors. several of these glycoproteins have been characterized, and their amino acid sequences have been delineated. modern dna technology provides sufficient quantities of these hormones for testing in clinical trials. erythropoietin (epo) has been shown to increase the hemoglobin level and hematocrit in patients with end-stage renal disease. granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) and gr ... | 1989 | 2642725 |
| intracellular spread of shigella flexneri associated with the kcpa locus and a 140-kilodalton protein. | escherichia coli k-12 hybrids carrying both the 220-kilobase plasmid and the pure-linked kcpa locus from shigella flexneri expressed a 140-kilodalton (kda) protein which was recognized by convalescent sera from monkeys infected with s. flexneri. these hybrids were tested for the ability to produce plaques in hela cell monolayers. hybrid strains which carried both the 220-kilobase plasmid and the kcpa locus had a plaque-forming efficiency of at least 10(-4) pfu/cfu, whereas the plaque-forming eff ... | 1989 | 2643571 |
| characterization of opiate binding sites on membranes of rat lymphocytes. | in view of the importance of membrane receptors for the interconnection between the central nervous system and the immune system, we carried out a study to characterize opiate binding sites on membranes of rat lymphocytes. we found that mitogen-activated spleen cells, but not thymocytes, possess specific and displaceable binding sites for [3h]naloxone. the binding was equally effective and intense while using b-cell-depleted spleen cells. the binding showed two sites of saturation, one at 10 nm ... | 1989 | 2643626 |
| characterization of opiate binding sites on membranes of rat lymphocytes. | in view of the importance of membrane receptors for the interconnection between the central nervous system and the immune system, we carried out a study to characterize opiate binding sites on membranes of rat lymphocytes. we found that mitogen-activated spleen cells, but not thymocytes, possess specific and displaceable binding sites for [3h]naloxone. the binding was equally effective and intense while using b-cell-depleted spleen cells. the binding showed two sites of saturation, one at 10 nm ... | 1989 | 2643626 |
| invasion of vero cells by salmonella species. | the invasiveness of salmonella strains for vero cells was studied by quantitative bacteriology; the technique was more sensitive than phase contrast microscopy. all of 59 salmonella strains, of 19 different serotypes, were more invasive than escherichia coli k12. three strains of shigella were as invasive as most of the salmonella strains whereas 29 strains of e. coli, two of proteus, three of klebsiella and one of serratia were much less invasive. two citrobacter strains exhibited intermediate ... | 1989 | 2643706 |
| virg, a plasmid-coded virulence gene of shigella flexneri: identification of the virg protein and determination of the complete coding sequence. | on the 230-kilobase-pair (kb) virulence plasmid of shigella flexneri 2a strain ysh6000, at least seven separate genetic determinants have been identified. one of them, an approximately 4-kb region, virg, that is required for the sereny reaction, was extensively studied to examine the role of the virg region. the phenotype of a virg- mutant (m94) of ysh6000 in the cytoplasm of cultured mk cells was characterized by a kinetic study of the invading shigellae. the observed phenotype of m94 in the cy ... | 1989 | 2644195 |
| chronic shigella flexneri infection preceding development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | shigella sp. is known to be an important cause of diarrhea in homosexual men, although chronic infection is infrequently recognized. we describe recurrent and relapsing symptomatic infection due to shigella flexneri in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected homosexual man subsequently developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may be prone to developing chronic shigellosis because of impaired intestinal cell-mediated immunity. | 1989 | 2644299 |
| shigellosis and aids. report of a case and brief review of the literature. | this report describes the fatal outcome of an infection with shigella flexneri in a 39-yr-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the pertinent literature is reviewed. | 1989 | 2644558 |
| ketopantoyl-lactone reductase from candida parapsilosis: purification and characterization as a conjugated polyketone reductase. | ketopantoyl-lactone reductase (2-dehydropantoyl-lactone reductase, ec 1.1.1.168) was purified and crystallized from cells of candida parapsilosis ifo 0708. the enzyme was found to be homogeneous on ultracentrifugation, high-performance gel-permeation liquid chromatography and sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the relative molecular mass of the native and sds-treated enzyme is approximately 40,000. the isoelectric point of the enzyme is 6.3. the enzyme was found to catalyze specifically the ... | 1989 | 2644973 |
| role of m cells in initial antigen uptake and in ulcer formation in the rabbit intestinal loop model of shigellosis. | strains of shigella flexneri with different invasive and pathogenic potentials were inoculated into the intestinal lumen of acutely ligated loops in nonimmune rabbits. after 90 min, tissues processed for ultrastructural as well as light microscopy showed that the bacilli were phagocytosed by m cells over lymphoid follicles of peyer's patches and carried in vacuoles into the epithelium. nonpathogenic as well as pathogenic strains were readily taken up regardless of the presence of the 140-megadal ... | 1989 | 2645214 |
| association of ki-ras with amplified dna sequences, detected in human ovarian carcinomas by a modified in-gel renaturation assay. | a modified in-gel dna renaturation technique, which detects dna sequences amplified greater than 7-fold in human dna, was used to analyze gene amplification in surgical specimens of primary and metastatic ovarian carcinomas. amplified dna sequences were detected in two of eight tumors. hybridization of these samples with different oncogene probes revealed that both tumors contained an amplified ki-ras gene, which in one case was coamplified with c-myc. in one of the tumors, ki-ras was found to b ... | 1989 | 2647292 |
| association of ki-ras with amplified dna sequences, detected in human ovarian carcinomas by a modified in-gel renaturation assay. | a modified in-gel dna renaturation technique, which detects dna sequences amplified greater than 7-fold in human dna, was used to analyze gene amplification in surgical specimens of primary and metastatic ovarian carcinomas. amplified dna sequences were detected in two of eight tumors. hybridization of these samples with different oncogene probes revealed that both tumors contained an amplified ki-ras gene, which in one case was coamplified with c-myc. in one of the tumors, ki-ras was found to b ... | 1989 | 2647292 |
| identification of cell types containing s-100b protein-like immunoreactivity in the islets of langerhans of the guinea pig pancreas with light and electron microscopy. | cell types containing s-100b protein-like immunoreactivity in the islets of langerhans of the guinea pig were studied by light- and electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry using antisera to s-100b protein, insulin, glicentin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. two types of s-100b-immunoreactive cells were identified. the first type was stellate and characterized by thin cytoplasmic processes sheathing endocrine-type cells, especially pancreatic a-cells. it was located predominantly in th ... | 1989 | 2647297 |
| identification of cell types containing s-100b protein-like immunoreactivity in the islets of langerhans of the guinea pig pancreas with light and electron microscopy. | cell types containing s-100b protein-like immunoreactivity in the islets of langerhans of the guinea pig were studied by light- and electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry using antisera to s-100b protein, insulin, glicentin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. two types of s-100b-immunoreactive cells were identified. the first type was stellate and characterized by thin cytoplasmic processes sheathing endocrine-type cells, especially pancreatic a-cells. it was located predominantly in th ... | 1989 | 2647297 |
| heterotopic heart transplantation: a reliable option for a select group of high-risk patients. | from july 1982 through february 1988, 229 patients underwent heart transplantations at the texas heart institute, houston, 11 of whom had heterotopic transplantations. indications for the heterotopic procedure included pulmonary hypertension (eight patients) and marked body-weight mismatch (greater than or equal to 20%) between the recipient and donor (three patients). the 1-year actuarial survival rate for the heterotopic group is 80.4% compared with 77.9% for the orthotopic group. despite simi ... | 1989 | 2647930 |
| delivered volume during high-frequency ventilation. | | 1989 | 2648741 |
| emergence of highly trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant shigella in a native american population: an epidemiologic study. | resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) emerged among shigella isolates from the navajo reservation in the southwestern united states in 1985, years after this antimicrobial agent came into common use. in the study area, tmp-smx resistance increased dramatically from 3 per cent in 1983 to 21 per cent in 1985. resistance was polyclonal and occurred in both s. sonnei and s. flexneri. no single plasmid was common to all resistant strains. however, all 28 tmp-smx resistant isolates exa ... | 1989 | 2650535 |
| identification of an escherichia coli gene homologous to virr, a regulator of shigella virulence. | virulence in shigella spp., as well as in strains of enteroinvasive escherichia coli, is regulated by growth temperature. previously, virr had been identified as the gene controlling the temperature-regulated expression of shigella virulence. since shigella spp. and e. coli are also known to share greater than 90% dna sequence homology, we sought to determine if nonpathogenic e. coli k-12 c600 contains a gene homologous to the shigella flexneri 2a gene virr. through the use of transduction and m ... | 1989 | 2651420 |
| the human gastric bactericidal barrier: mechanisms of action, relative antibacterial activity, and dietary influences. | | 1989 | 2651535 |
| [resistance to infection. physiology and pathology of the immune system]. | the contribution of observations in congenital deficiency disorders to our understanding of normal mechanisms can hardly be overestimated, as may in particular be seen in the complex field of mechanisms aiming at maintaining the individual integrity. after a brief summary of the natural lines of defense we demonstrate a few cases with typical deficiencies, i.e. of the integuments (ciliary dyskinesia syndrome), of the phagocytes (chronic granulomatous disease = cgd), of specific immune reactions ... | 1989 | 2652037 |
| tropical infections after renal transplantation. | | 1989 | 2652678 |
| androgen-regulated gene expression. | while a great deal of knowledge on the mechanisms of steroid hormone regulated gene expression now exists, specific information relating to androgens is lacking. a number of experimental systems have been developed and show promise as models for molecular studies of androgen regulation. further development of these models must address the issue of whether or not the androgen receptor behaves similarly to other steroid receptors. this will require progress in the purification of the receptor itse ... | 1989 | 2653194 |
| t-lymphocyte clones responsive to shigella flexneri. | t lymphocytes from a patient with shigella flexneri dysentery and postdysenteric reactive arthritis were cloned by limiting dilution with recombinant interleukin-2 and a strain of s. flexneri different from that which had infected her. five of eight clones produced proliferated in response to the shigellae used to generate the clones. the response required irradiated syngeneic blood mononuclear cells as antigen-presenting cells. one such clone, mc12, proliferated in response to both the shigella ... | 1989 | 2654177 |
| studies with antibodies to cultured rat glomerular epithelial cells. subepithelial immune deposit formation after in vivo injection. | to investigate the role of glomerular epithelial cell (gec) membrane proteins in the in situ formation of subepithelial immune deposits, the authors raised a rabbit antiserum against gec that had been grown in culture (anti-gec). by indirect immunofluorescence (if) on normal rat kidney, anti-gec stained proximal tubular brush border (bb). after intravenous injection into animals, granular glomerular capillary wall staining for igg was present by ie and subepithelial immune deposits were identifi ... | 1989 | 2655461 |
| control of diarrheal diseases. | the tremendous advances made in the control of diarrheal diseases in the past few years indicate what more can be achieved. even though the lives of an estimated three quarters of a million children are being saved each year, over three million children are still dying from readily preventable diarrheal disease. the challenge is to build on the successes thus far, to learn from experience, to promote changes in health habits that will prevent diarrhea, and to make all of these activities sustain ... | 1989 | 2655632 |
| inoculum size in shigellosis and implications for expected mode of transmission. | | 1989 | 2656880 |
| [determination of shigella antigens in the feces of people, immunized with enteral vaccine prepared from s. flexneri antigen]. | the dynamic determination of the presence of the specific antigen and its activity in the excreta of humans subjected to enteral immunization with vaccine prepared from s. flexneri antigen was made in the agglutination test and neutralization test with the use of, respectively, antibody and antigenic erythrocyte diagnosticums. in the feces and urine of the vaccinees antibodies occurred less commonly and, as a rule, they were less active than those detected in dysentery patients at the correspond ... | 1989 | 2658436 |
| oral shigella vaccines. | | 1989 | 2659269 |
| the enteric immune response to shigella antigens. | mucosal immunity to some enteropathogens occurs naturally following infection. by learning how to optimize initiation of the mucosal immune response it will be possible to develop vaccines against a wide variety of enteropathogens and their toxic products. in the past few years, we have examined stimulation of the mucosal response to shigella antigens. we have found that the mucosal memory response to shigella lps can be stimulated by oral immunization with live, but not with killed shigella. th ... | 1989 | 2659270 |
| electropherotyping of plasmid dna of different serotypes of shigella flexneri isolated in bangladesh. | one hundred and twenty-five shigella flexneri strains, isolated during january-december 1984, at the dhaka treatment centre of the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh, were serotyped using absorbed rabbit antisera specific for all type- and group-factor antigens, as well as a group of ten mouse and rat monoclonal antibodies. electropherotypes of the plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) were also determined. s. flexneri 2a was the predominant serotype followed by 3b, 1 ... | 1989 | 2661251 |
| renal allograft rejection: possible involvement of lymphokine-activated killer cells. | human renal allograft tissue was recovered at transplant nephrectomy from three patients with irreversible loss of graft function. this tissue was disaggregated and separated into two fractions on the basis of particle size. fraction 1 contained glomeruli and developed a mixed outgrowth containing adherent epithelial and mesangial cells after a limited period of culture. fraction 2 contained fragments of renal tubules and produced monolayers of tubular epithelial cells during culture. a populati ... | 1989 | 2661417 |
| inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis alters extracellular matrix deposition, proliferation, and cytoskeletal organization of rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture. | arterial proteoglycans have been implicated in several important physiological processes ranging from lipid metabolism to regulation of smooth muscle cell growth. vascular smooth muscle (vsm) cells are the major producers of proteoglycans in the medial layer of blood vessels. to study functional consequences of alterations in vsm proteoglycan metabolism we used 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-xyloside to inhibit proteoglycan synthesis in primary and early passage cultures of rat aortic smooth muscle ... | 1989 | 2661564 |
| [biological properties of bacteria of the species shigella flexneri]. | some biological properties of s. flexneri have been studied. the strains of this bacterial species have been shown to produce dnaase in 98.8 +/- 0.77% of cases and rnaase in 97.4 +/- 1.5% of cases. the capacity for the positive reaction with congo red as early as after 24-hour incubation in the thermostat has proved to be characteristic of s. flexneri (91.1 +/- 3.6%). if stored at 4 degrees c in semiliquid agar, s. flexneri cultures have been found to retain their capacity for producing the abov ... | 1989 | 2662686 |
| lineage-specific gene rearrangement/deletion: a nonconservative model. | for the lymphocytic descendants of the hematopoietic differentiation pathway, characteristic gene rearrangements result in deletions of significant portions of chromosome regions specifying lymphocyte-specific gene products on either or both chromosomes of each involved pair. molecular mechanisms facilitating the rearrangement/deletion events have been elegantly and fruitfully elaborated in the years since the first documentation of their occurrence by hozumi and tonegawa (n. hozumi and s. toneg ... | 1989 | 2663139 |
| elimination of malignant clonogenic breast cancer cells from human bone marrow. | autologous bone marrow transplantation is a promising approach to the treatment of breast cancer but is at present limited to patients without bone marrow metastases. to eliminate malignant clonogenic breast cancer cells from normal human bone marrow, immunomagnetic separation has been combined with chemoseparation using 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide. breast cancer cell lines have been mixed with a 10-fold excess of irradiated human bone marrow from normal donors. mixtures have been incubated wi ... | 1989 | 2663144 |
| chloroplast and nuclear genomes of chlamydomonas reinhardtii share homology with escherichia coli genes for dna replication, repair and transcription. | most of the cpdna genes studied to date are genes encoding elements of the photosynthetic apparatus and translational machinery. much less is known about genes encoding the polypeptides involved in transcription, cpdna replication, recombination and repair. the similarities between bacterial and some cpdna genes were exploited to identify some of these chloroplast genes using bacterial probes. probes derived from the escherichia coli genes dnaa, reca, uvrc, transcriptional factor rho, and rpoc w ... | 1989 | 2663186 |
| congo red-mediated regulation of levels of shigella flexneri 2a membrane proteins. | the ability of shigella spp. to bind congo red from agar medium is generally correlated with their virulence properties. we used a metabolically active culture of shigella flexneri 2a to determine the effect of congo red on its membrane protein profiles. virulent s. flexneri grown in the presence of congo red at 37 degrees c showed increased levels of three proteins with mrs of 43,000, 58,000, and 63,000 (43k, 58k, and 63k proteins) in the sarkosyl-soluble membrane fractions. the observed phenom ... | 1989 | 2663721 |
| plasmid-associated adherence of shigella flexneri in a hela cell model. | the initial interaction of shigella flexneri with hela cells was studied at 4 degrees c, a temperature that inhibits parasite-directed endocytosis. it was found that invasive strains were 10-fold more adherent to hela cells than were isogenic, noninvasive strains which had lost a 140-megadalton plasmid. adherent strains were also more hydrophobic than were nonadherent strains. | 1989 | 2663729 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies to type shigella flexneri in bangladesh. | a panel of 10 mouse and rat monoclonal antibodies specific for different type- and group-specific o-antigenic determinants of shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide was used to serotype 240 isolates of s. flexneri from bangladesh. three immunoglobulin m antibodies were used in a direct slide agglutination test; seven immunoglobulin g antibodies were absorbed to staphylococcus aureus and used in a coagglutination assay. all but 13 of the isolates could be serotyped by using the monclonal antibodies ... | 1989 | 2666435 |
| percutaneous nephrostomy in pyonephrosis. | a series of 76 pyonephrotic kidneys in 73 patients were drained by percutaneous nephrostomy (pn) tube and examined to evaluate the contribution of this technique to the treatment of pyonephrosis. in 71 patients, clinical symptoms disappeared 24-48 h after the procedure. two patients died from sepsis subsequent to anuria and underlying malignancy. once the acute phase had remitted, interventional procedures were carried out in 39 cases, and constituted the definitive therapy in 36. in 32 cases, e ... | 1989 | 2667249 |
| mechanics of the healed meniscus in a canine model. | the mechanical behavior of the intact canine stifle joint was studied, using a surgical model of meniscal injury and repair. thirty-eight animals were divided into five study groups: group s received only a sham arthrotomy (without a meniscal incision), groups p13 and p26 received peripheral medial meniscal incisions, and groups r13 and r26 received radial medial meniscus incisions. all meniscal incisions were repaired anatomically with absorbable suture. groups p13 and r13 were sacrificed at 13 ... | 1989 | 2667375 |
| internalization of shigella flexneri into hela cells occurs without an increase in cytosolic ca2+ concentration. | pathogenic shigella flexneri invades epithelial cells through directed phagocytosis. the role of intracellular free calcium ([ca2+]i) as a signal for this process was tested. no variation in the [ca2+]i could be detected by using the fluorescent indicator fura 2 to measure the [ca2+]i in hela cells during the invasion process. in addition, neither clamping nor maximal decreasing or increasing of the [ca2+]i of hela cells had any effect on their susceptibility to invasion. these data demonstrate ... | 1989 | 2668195 |