| persistence of nasal colonization with human pathogenic bacteria and associated antimicrobial resistance in the german general population. | the nares represent an important bacterial reservoir for endogenous infections. this study aimed to assess the prevalence of nasal colonization by different important pathogens, the associated antimicrobial susceptibility and risk factors. we performed a prospective cohort study among 1878 nonhospitalized volunteers recruited from the general population in germany. participants provided nasal swabs at three time points (each separated by 4-6 months). staphylococcus aureus, enterobacteriaceae and ... | 2015 | 26862431 |
| classification and taxonomy of vegetable macergens. | macergens are bacteria capable of releasing pectic enzymes (pectolytic bacteria). these enzymatic actions result in the separation of plant tissues leading to total plant destruction. this can be attributed to soft rot diseases in vegetables. these macergens primarily belong to the genus erwinia and to a range of opportunistic pathogens namely: the xanthomonas spp., pseudomonas spp., clostridium spp., cytophaga spp., and bacillus spp. they consist of taxa that displayed considerable heterogeneit ... | 2015 | 26640465 |
| comparative metagenomics reveals impact of contaminants on groundwater microbiomes. | to understand patterns of geochemical cycling in pristine versus contaminated groundwater ecosystems, pristine shallow groundwater (fw301) and contaminated groundwater (fw106) samples from the oak ridge integrated field research center (or-ifrc) were sequenced and compared to each other to determine phylogenetic and metabolic difference between the communities. proteobacteria (e.g., burkholderia, pseudomonas) are the most abundant lineages in the pristine community, though a significant proporti ... | 2015 | 26583008 |
| biodegradation of di-n-butyl phthalate by achromobacter sp. isolated from rural domestic wastewater. | a bacterial strain w-1, isolated from rural domestic wastewater, can utilize the environmental hormone di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) as the sole carbon and energy source. the isolated bacterium species was confirmed to belong to the genus achromobacter based on its 16s rrna gene sequence. the results of substrate utilization tests showed that the strain w-1 could utilize other common phthalates and phenol. high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that the optimal conditions for dbp ... | 2015 | 26516878 |
| antimicrobial resistance of pseudomonas spp. isolated from wastewater and wastewater-impacted marine coastal zone. | in this study, species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of cultivated pseudomonas spp. were studied in influent (inf), effluent (eff), and marine outfall (mout) of wastewater treatment plant (wwtp). the susceptibility was tested against 8 antimicrobial classes, active against pseudomonas spp.: aminoglycosides, carbapenems, broad-spectrum cephalosporins from the 3rd and 4th generation, extended-spectrum penicillins, as well as their combination with the β-lactamase inhibitors, monoba ... | 2015 | 26286796 |
| development of two real-time multiplex pcr assays for the detection and quantification of eight key bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections. | the frequent lack of a positive and timely microbiological diagnosis in patients with lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) is an important obstacle to antimicrobial stewardship. patients are typically prescribed broad-spectrum empirical antibiotics while microbiology results are awaited, but, because these are often slow, negative, or inconclusive, de-escalation to narrow-spectrum agents rarely occurs in clinical practice. the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate two multiplex real- ... | 2015 | 25980353 |
| rapidec carba np test for rapid detection of carbapenemase producers. | performances of the rapidec carba np test (biomérieux) were evaluated for detection of all types of carbapenemases in enterobacteriaceae, acinetobacter baumannii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. in less than 2 h after sample preparation, it showed a sensitivity and specificity of 96%. this ready-to-use test is well adapted to the daily need for detection of carbapenemase producers in any laboratory worldwide. | 2015 | 26085619 |
| involvement of aph(3')-iia in the formation of mosaic aminoglycoside resistance genes in natural environments. | intragenic recombination leading to mosaic gene formation is known to alter resistance profiles for particular genes and bacterial species. few studies have examined to what extent aminoglycoside resistance genes undergo intragenic recombination. we screened the genbank database for mosaic gene formation in homologs of the aph(3')-iia (nptii) gene. aph(3')-iia inactivates important aminoglycoside antibiotics. the gene is widely used as a selectable marker in biotechnology and enters the environm ... | 2015 | 26042098 |
| pseudomonas fluorescens pirates both ferrioxamine and ferricoelichelin siderophores from streptomyces ambofaciens. | iron is essential in many biological processes. however, its bioavailability is reduced in aerobic environments, such as soil. to overcome this limitation, microorganisms have developed different strategies, such as iron chelation by siderophores. some bacteria have even gained the ability to detect and utilize xenosiderophores, i.e., siderophores produced by other organisms. we illustrate an example of such an interaction between two soil bacteria, pseudomonas fluorescens strain bbc6r8 and stre ... | 2015 | 25724953 |
| the carbapenem inactivation method (cim), a simple and low-cost alternative for the carba np test to assess phenotypic carbapenemase activity in gram-negative rods. | a new phenotypic test, called the carbapenem inactivation method (cim), was developed to detect carbapenemase activity in gram-negative rods within eight hours. this method showed high concordance with results obtained by pcr to detect genes coding for the carbapenemases kpc, ndm, oxa-48, vim, imp and oxa-23. it allows reliable detection of carbapenemase activity encoded by various genes in species of enterobacteriaceae (e.g., klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli and enterobacter cloacae), bu ... | 2015 | 25798828 |
| bioenergetics and the role of soluble cytochromes c for alkaline adaptation in gram-negative alkaliphilic pseudomonas. | very few studies have been conducted on alkaline adaptation of gram-negative alkaliphiles. the reversed difference of h(+) concentration across the membrane will make energy production considerably difficult for gram-negative as well as gram-positive bacteria. cells of the alkaliphilic gram-negative bacterium pseudomonas alcaliphila al15-21(t) grown at ph 10 under low-aeration intensity have a soluble cytochrome c content that is 3.6-fold higher than that of the cells grown at ph 7 under high-ae ... | 2015 | 25705691 |
| the genome of the toluene-degrading pseudomonas veronii strain 1ydbtex2 and its differential gene expression in contaminated sand. | the natural restoration of soils polluted by aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and m- and p-xylene (btex) may be accelerated by inoculation of specific biodegraders (bioaugmentation). bioaugmentation mainly involves introducing bacteria that deploy their metabolic properties and adaptation potential to survive and propagate in the contaminated environment by degrading the pollutant. in order to better understand the adaptive response of cells during a transition to con ... | 2016 | 27812150 |
| draft genome sequences of four achromobacter ruhlandii strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. | achromobacter species are being increasingly isolated from the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients. recent reports indicate that achromobacter ruhlandii is a potential human pathogen in cystic fibrosis-related infections. here we report the draft genome of four a. ruhlandii strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients in brazil. this report describes a. ruhlandii as a potential opportunistic pathogen in cystic fibrosis and provides a framework to for additional enquires into potentia ... | 2016 | 27812598 |
| in vivo effects of pichia pastoris-expressed antimicrobial peptide hepcidin on the community composition and metabolism gut microbiota of rats. | hepcidin, one kind of antimicrobial peptides, is one of the promising alternatives to antibiotics with broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. hepcidins cloned from different kinds of fishes have been produced using exogenous expression systems, and their in vitro antimicrobial effects have been verified. however their in vivo effects on gut microbiota and gut health of hosts remain unclear. here we performed a safety study of hepcidin so that it can be used to reduce microbial contaminations ... | 2016 | 27768776 |
| pyrethroid-degrading microorganisms and their potential for the bioremediation of contaminated soils: a review. | pyrethroid insecticides have been used to control pests in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, public health and for indoor home use for more than 20 years. because pyrethroids were considered to be a safer alternative to organophosphate pesticides (ops), their applications significantly increased when the use of ops was banned or limited. although, pyrethroids have agricultural benefits, their widespread and continuous use is a major problem as they pollute the terrestrial and aquatic environm ... | 2016 | 27695449 |
| high quality draft genome sequence of the type strain of pseudomonas lutea ok2(t), a phosphate-solubilizing rhizospheric bacterium. | pseudomonas lutea ok2(t) (=lmg 21974(t), cect 5822(t)) is the type strain of the species and was isolated from the rhizosphere of grass growing in spain in 2003 based on its phosphate-solubilizing capacity. in order to identify the functional significance of phosphate solubilization in pseudomonas plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, we describe here the phenotypic characteristics of strain ok2(t) along with its high-quality draft genome sequence, its annotation, and analysis. the genome is com ... | 2016 | 27555890 |
| molecular cloning and functional expression of a δ9- fatty acid desaturase from an antarctic pseudomonas sp. a3. | fatty acid desaturase enzymes play an essential role in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. pseudomonas sp. a3 was found to produce a large amount of palmitoleic and oleic acids after incubation at low temperatures. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), a novel δ9- fatty acid desaturase gene was isolated, cloned, and successfully expressed in escherichia coli. the gene was designated as pa3fad9 and has an open reading frame of 1,185 bp which codes for 394 amino acids with a predicted mole ... | 2016 | 27494717 |
| effects of secondary plant metabolites on microbial populations: changes in community structure and metabolic activity in contaminated environments. | secondary plant metabolites (spmes) play an important role in plant survival in the environment and serve to establish ecological relationships between plants and other organisms. communication between plants and microorganisms via spmes contained in root exudates or derived from litter decomposition is an example of this phenomenon. in this review, the general aspects of rhizodeposition together with the significance of terpenes and phenolic compounds are discussed in detail. we focus specifica ... | 2016 | 27483244 |
| microbial transformations of selenium species of relevance to bioremediation. | selenium species, particularly the oxyanions selenite (seo3 (2-)) and selenate (seo4 (2-)), are significant pollutants in the environment that leach from rocks and are released by anthropogenic activities. selenium is also an essential micronutrient for organisms across the tree of life, including microorganisms and human beings, particularly because of its presence in the 21st genetically encoded amino acid, selenocysteine. environmental microorganisms are known to be capable of a range of tran ... | 2016 | 27260359 |
| the new antimicrobial peptide sphyastatin from the mud crab scylla paramamosain with multiple antimicrobial mechanisms and high effect on bacterial infection. | sphyastatin was first identified as a new cationic antimicrobial peptide in hemocytes of the mud crab scylla paramamosain. based on the amino acid sequences deduced, it was predicted that this peptide was composed of two different functional domains, a proline-rich domain (prd) and a cysteine-rich domain (crd). the recombinant product of sphyastatin displayed potent antimicrobial activities against the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus and the aquatic animal pathogens aeromonas hydrophila and ... | 2016 | 27493644 |
| characterization of antimicrobial substance from lactobacillus salivarius kl-d4 and its application as biopreservative for creamy filling. | lactobacillus salivarius kl-d4 isolated from duck intestine produced bacteriocin which was stable at high temperature and a wide ph range of 3-10. its cell free supernatant at ph 5.5 exhibited wide inhibitory spectrum against both g+ and g- bacteria. the highest bacteriocin production was obtained in mrs broth supplemented with 0.5 % (w/v) caco3 at 6 h by gentle shaking. pcr walking using specific primers at the conserved region of class-ii bacteriocin resulted in 4 known genes of kld1, kld2, kl ... | 2016 | 27462508 |
| comparative genomic, proteomic and exoproteomic analyses of three pseudomonas strains reveals novel insights into the phosphorus scavenging capabilities of soil bacteria. | bacteria that inhabit the rhizosphere of agricultural crops can have a beneficial effect on crop growth. one such mechanism is the microbial-driven solubilization and remineralization of complex forms of phosphorus (p). it is known that bacteria secrete various phosphatases in response to low p conditions. however, our understanding of their global proteomic response to p stress is limited. here, exoproteomic analysis of pseudomonas putida bird-1 (bird-1), pseudomonas fluorescens sbw25 and pseud ... | 2016 | 27233093 |
| the effect of a novel low temperature-short time (ltst) process to extend the shelf-life of fluid milk. | pasteurization has long been the standard method to extend the shelf-life of dairy products, as well as a means to reduce microbial load and the risk of food-borne pathogens. however, the process has limitations, which include cost effectiveness, high energy input, and reduction of product quality/organoleptic characteristics. in an effort to reduce these limitations and extend shelf-life, this study examined a novel low temperature, short time (ltst) method in which dispersed milk in the form o ... | 2016 | 27350902 |
| physiological and genotypic characteristics of nitrous oxide (n2o)-emitting pseudomonas species isolated from dent corn andisol farmland in hokkaido, japan. | dent corn andisol at the hokkaido university shizunai livestock experimental farm actively emits nitrous oxide (n2o). in order to screen for culturable and active n2o emitters with high n2o emission potential, soft gel medium containing excess kno3 was inoculated with soil suspensions from farm soil samples collected at different land managements. dominant bacterial colonies were searched for among 20 of the actively n2o-emitting cultures from post-harvest soil and 19 from pre-tilled soil, and a ... | 2016 | 27109825 |
| the higb/higa toxin/antitoxin system of pseudomonas aeruginosa influences the virulence factors pyochelin, pyocyanin, and biofilm formation. | toxin/antitoxin (ta) systems are prevalent in most bacterial and archaeal genomes, and one of the emerging physiological roles of ta systems is to help regulate pathogenicity. although ta systems have been studied in several model organisms, few studies have investigated the role of ta systems in pseudomonads. here, we demonstrate that the previously uncharacterized proteins higb (unannotated) and higa (pa4674) of pseudomonas aeruginosa pa14 form a type ii ta system in which antitoxin higa masks ... | 2016 | 26987441 |
| use of substrate-induced gene expression in metagenomic analysis of an aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. | metagenomics allows the study of genes related to xenobiotic degradation in a culture-independent manner, but many of these studies are limited by the lack of genomic context for metagenomic sequences. this study combined a phenotypic screen known as substrate-induced gene expression (sigex) with whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing. sigex is a high-throughput promoter-trap method that relies on transcriptional activation of a green fluorescent protein (gfp) reporter gene in response to an induci ... | 2016 | 26590287 |
| analysis of bacterial diversity in two oil blocks from two low-permeability reservoirs with high salinities. | the community diversities of two oil reservoirs with low permeability of 1.81 × 10(-3) and 2.29 × 10(-3) μm(2) in changqing, china, were investigated using a high throughput sequencing technique to analyze the influence of biostimulation with a nutrient activator on the bacterial communities. these two blocks differed significantly in salinity (average 17,500 vs 40,900 mg/l). a core simulation test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of indigenous microbial-enhanced oil recovery (meor). the r ... | 2016 | 26786765 |
| genetic diversity and ecological evaluation of fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the leaves and roots of potato plants. | a total of 828 isolates of fluorescent pseudomonads (fps) were obtained from the leaves (305 isolates) and roots (523 isolates) of potato plants grown in different geographical locations in japan, and 16s rrna gene sequences of 776 isolates were successfully determined by direct pcr sequencing. clustering analysis (≥99% identity) identified 13 and 26 operational taxonomic units (otus) for leaf- and root-associated fps, respectively, and 29 otus were identified in the phytosphere of potato plants ... | 2012 | 22791043 |
| lactate utilization is regulated by the fadr-type regulator lldr in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | nad-independent l-lactate dehydrogenase (l-ildh) and nad-independent d-lactate dehydrogenase (d-ildh) activities are induced coordinately by either enantiomer of lactate in pseudomonas strains. inspection of the genomic sequences of different pseudomonas strains revealed that the lldpde operon comprises 3 genes, lldp (encoding a lactate permease), lldd (encoding an l-ildh), and llde (encoding a d-ildh). cotranscription of lldp, lldd, and llde in pseudomonas aeruginosa strain xmg starts with the ... | 2012 | 22408166 |
| characterization of esterase a, a pseudomonas stutzeri a15 autotransporter. | autotransporters are a widespread family of proteins, generally known as virulence factors produced by gram-negative bacteria. in this study, the esterase a (esta) autotransporter of the rice root-colonizing beneficial bacterium pseudomonas stutzeri a15 was characterized. a multiple sequence alignment identified esta as belonging to clade ii of the gdsl esterase family. autologous overexpression allowed the investigation of several features of both autotransporter proteins and gdsl esterases. fi ... | 2012 | 22307303 |
| modulation of malaria infection in anopheles gambiae mosquitoes exposed to natural midgut bacteria. | the development of plasmodium falciparum within the anopheles gambiae mosquito relies on complex vector-parasite interactions, however the resident midgut microbiota also plays an important role in mediating parasite infection. in natural conditions, the mosquito microbial flora is diverse, composed of commensal and symbiotic bacteria. we report here the isolation of culturable midgut bacteria from mosquitoes collected in the field in cameroon and their identification based on the 16s rrna gene ... | 2013 | 24324714 |
| an airborne actinobacteria nocardiopsis alba isolated from bioaerosol of a mushroom compost facility. | actinobacteria are widely distributed in many environments and represent the most important trigger to the occupant respiratory health. health complaints, including hypersensitivity pneumonitis of the workers, were recorded in a mushroom compost facility (mcf). the studies on the airborne bacteria were carried out to find a possible microbiological source of these symptoms. culture analysis of compost bioaerosols collected in different location of the mcf was performed. an assessment of the indo ... | 2014 | 25382928 |
| approaches to studying and manipulating the enteric microbiome to improve autism symptoms. | there is a growing body of scientific evidence that the health of the microbiome (the trillions of microbes that inhabit the human host) plays an important role in maintaining the health of the host and that disruptions in the microbiome may play a role in certain disease processes. an increasing number of research studies have provided evidence that the composition of the gut (enteric) microbiome (gm) in at least a subset of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (asd) deviates from what is ... | 2015 | 25956237 |
| nitrogen removal from micro-polluted reservoir water by indigenous aerobic denitrifiers. | treatment of micro-polluted source water is receiving increasing attention because of environmental awareness on a global level. we isolated and identified aerobic denitrifying bacteria zoogloea sp. n299, acinetobacter sp. g107, and acinetobacter sp. 81y and used these to remediate samples of their native source water. we first domesticated the isolated strains in the source water, and the 48-h nitrate removal rates of strains n299, g107, and 81y reached 33.69%, 28.28%, and 22.86%, respectively, ... | 2015 | 25867475 |
| pseudomonas sp. as a source of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates for controlled drug delivery: perspective. | controlled drug delivery technology represents one of the most rapidly advancing areas of science. they offer numerous advantages compared to conventional dosage forms including improved efficacy, reduced toxicity, improved patient compliance and convenience. over the past several decades, many delivery tools or methods were developed such as viral vector, liposome-based delivery system, polymer-based delivery system, and intelligent delivery system. recently, nonviral vectors, especially those ... | 2012 | 22518140 |
| response mechanisms of bacterial degraders to environmental contaminants on the level of cell walls and cytoplasmic membrane. | bacterial strains living in the environment must cope with the toxic compounds originating from humans production. surface bacterial structures, cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane, surround each bacterial cell and create selective barriers between the cell interior and the outside world. they are a first site of contact between the cell and toxic compounds. organic pollutants are able to penetrate into cytoplasmic membrane and affect membrane physiological functions. bacteria had to evolve adapt ... | 2014 | 25057269 |
| pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes cect5344, a cyanide-degrading bacterium with by-product (polyhydroxyalkanoates) formation capacity. | cyanide is one of the most toxic chemicals produced by anthropogenic activities like mining and jewelry industries, which generate wastewater residues with high concentrations of this compound. pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes cect5344 is a model microorganism to be used in detoxification of industrial wastewaters containing not only free cyanide (cn(-)) but also cyano-derivatives, such as cyanate, nitriles and metal-cyanide complexes. previous in silico analyses suggested the existence of genes pu ... | 2015 | 26055753 |
| phylogenomics and systematics in pseudomonas. | the genus pseudomonas currently contains 144 species, making it the genus of gram-negative bacteria that contains the largest number of species. currently, multilocus sequence analysis (mlsa) is the preferred method for establishing the phylogeny between species and genera. four partial gene sequences of housekeeping genes (16s rrna, gyrb, rpob, and rpod) were obtained from 112 complete or draft genomes of strains related to the genus pseudomonas that were available in databases. these genes wer ... | 2015 | 26074881 |
| occurrence, diversity and community structure of culturable atrazine degraders in industrial and agricultural soils exposed to the herbicide in shandong province, p.r. china. | soil populations of bacteria rapidly degrading atrazine are critical to the environmental fate of the herbicide. an enrichment bias from the routine isolation procedure prevents studying the diversity of atrazine degraders. in the present work, we analyzed the occurrence, diversity and community structure of soil atrazine-degrading bacteria based on their direct isolation. | 2016 | 27821056 |
| carboxypeptidase g2 rescue in patients with methotrexate intoxication and renal failure. | the methotrexate (mtx) rescue agent carboxypeptidase g2 (cpdg2) rapidly hydrolyses mtx to the inactive metabolite dampa (4-[[2,4-diamino-6-(pteridinyl)methyl]-methylamino]-benzoic acid) and glutamate in patients with mtx-induced renal failure and delayed mtx excretion. dampa is thought to be an inactive metabolite of mtx because it is not an effective inhibitor of the mtx target enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. dampa is eliminated more rapidly than mtx in these patients, which suggests a nonrenal ... | 2005 | 15668713 |
| crystal structure of the multidrug efflux transporter acrb at 3.1a resolution reveals the n-terminal region with conserved amino acids. | crystal structures of the bacterial multidrug transporter acrb in r32 and c2 space groups showing both symmetric and asymmetric trimeric assemblies, respectively, supplemented with biochemical investigations, have provided most of the structural basis for a molecular level understanding of the protein structure and mechanisms for substrate uptake and translocation carried out by this 114-kda inner membrane protein. they suggest that acrb captures ligands primarily from the periplasm. substrates ... | 2006 | 17275331 |
| crystal structure of the multidrug efflux transporter acrb at 3.1a resolution reveals the n-terminal region with conserved amino acids. | crystal structures of the bacterial multidrug transporter acrb in r32 and c2 space groups showing both symmetric and asymmetric trimeric assemblies, respectively, supplemented with biochemical investigations, have provided most of the structural basis for a molecular level understanding of the protein structure and mechanisms for substrate uptake and translocation carried out by this 114-kda inner membrane protein. they suggest that acrb captures ligands primarily from the periplasm. substrates ... | 2006 | 17275331 |
| evaluation of single-nucleotide primer extension for detection and typing of phylogenetic markers used for investigation of microbial communities. | single-nucleotide primer extension (snupe) is an emerging tool for parallel detection of dna sequences of different target microorganisms. the specificity and sensitivity of the snupe method were assessed by performing single and multiplex reactions using defined template mixtures of 16s rrna gene pcr products obtained from pure bacterial cultures. the mismatch discrimination potential of primer extension was investigated by introducing different single and multiple primer-target mismatches. the ... | 2009 | 19251891 |
| biological control of potato black scurf by rhizosphere associated bacteria. | the present work was carried out to study the potential of plant rhizosphere associated bacteria for the biocontrol of potato black scurf disease caused by rhizoctonia solani khun ag-3. a total of twenty-eight bacteria isolated from diseased and healthy potato plants grown in the soil of naran and faisalabad, pakistan were evaluated for their antagonistic potential. nine bacterial strains were found to be antagonistic in vitro, reduced the fungal growth and caused the lysis of sclerotia of r. so ... | 2010 | 24031515 |
| probing the applicability of autotransporter based surface display with the esta autotransporter of pseudomonas stutzeri a15. | autotransporters represent a widespread family of secreted proteins in gram-negative bacteria. their seemingly easy secretion mechanism and modular structure make them interesting candidates for cell surface display of heterologous proteins. the most widely applied host organism for this purpose is escherichia coli. pseudomonas stutzeri a15 is an interesting candidate host for environmentally relevant biotechnological applications. with the recently characterized p. stutzeri a15 esta autotranspo ... | 2012 | 23237539 |
| glucarpidase to combat toxic levels of methotrexate in patients. | in january 2012, glucarpidase (voraxaze(®)) received approval from the us food and drug administration for intravenous treatment of toxic plasma methotrexate concentrations due to impaired renal clearance. methotrexate, an antifolate agent, has been used for over 60 years in the treatment of various cancers. high-dose methotrexate has been particularly useful in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas. however, even with aggressive hydration and urine alkalinization, such regimens can lead to a ... | 2012 | 23209370 |
| efficient production of pyruvate from dl-lactate by the lactate-utilizing strain pseudomonas stutzeri sdm. | the platform chemical lactate is currently produced mainly through the fermentation of sugars presented in biomass. besides the synthesis of biodegradable polylactate, lactate is also viewed as a feedstock for the green chemistry of the future. pyruvate, another important platform chemical, can be produced from lactate through biocatalysis. | 2012 | 22792404 |
| leapfrog diagnostics: demonstration of a broad spectrum pathogen identification platform in a resource-limited setting. | resource-limited tropical countries are home to numerous infectious pathogens of both human and zoonotic origin. a capability for early detection to allow rapid outbreak containment and prevent spread to non-endemic regions is severely impaired by inadequate diagnostic laboratory capacity, the absence of a "cold chain" and the lack of highly trained personnel. building up detection capacity in these countries by direct replication of the systems existing in developed countries is not a feasible ... | 2012 | 22759725 |
| comparative activity of carbapenem testing (the compact study) in turkey. | recent evidence indicates that gram-negative bacterial pathogens, the most common of which are pseudomonas spp., enterobacteriaceae, and acinetobacter baumannii, are frequent causes of hospital-acquired infections. this study aims to evaluate the in vitro activity of doripenem and comparator carbapenem antibiotics against gram-negative clinical isolates collected from comparative activity of carbapenem testing (compact) study centres in turkey. | 2012 | 22340940 |
| bioaugmentation with petroleum-degrading consortia has a selective growth-promoting impact on crop plants germinated in diesel oil-contaminated soil. | rhizoremediation is a complex type of green clean-up technology that involves both plants and the rhizosphere-associated microorganisms to decompose hazardous compounds. the success of the strategy strongly depends on plant tolerance towards the pollutant, as well as plant's interactions with the rhizospheric microbes. the microorganisms may be stimulated by the secreted root exudates, which results in an increased breakdown of contaminants in the rhizosphere. the main goal of this study was to ... | 2013 | 24078757 |
| a moonlighting function of mycobacterium smegmatis ku in zinc homeostasis? | ku protein participates in dna double-strand break repair via the nonhomologous end-joining pathway. the three-dimensional structure of eukaryotic ku reveals a central core consisting of a β-barrel domain and pillar and bridge regions that combine to form a ring-like structure that encircles dna. homologs of ku are encoded by a subset of bacterial species, and they are predicted to conserve this core domain. in addition, the bridge region of ku from some bacteria is predicted from homology model ... | 2014 | 25450225 |
| a moonlighting function of mycobacterium smegmatis ku in zinc homeostasis? | ku protein participates in dna double-strand break repair via the nonhomologous end-joining pathway. the three-dimensional structure of eukaryotic ku reveals a central core consisting of a β-barrel domain and pillar and bridge regions that combine to form a ring-like structure that encircles dna. homologs of ku are encoded by a subset of bacterial species, and they are predicted to conserve this core domain. in addition, the bridge region of ku from some bacteria is predicted from homology model ... | 2014 | 25450225 |
| in vitro antagonistic activity, plant growth promoting traits and phylogenetic affiliation of rhizobacteria associated with wild plants grown in arid soil. | the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) in adaptation of plants in extreme environments is not yet completely understood. for this study native bacteria were isolated from rhizospeheric arid soils and evaluated for both growth-promoting abilities and antagonistic potential against phytopathogenic fungi and nematodes. the phylogentic affiliation of these representative isolates was also characterized. rhizobacteria associated with 11 wild plant species from the arid soil of almadi ... | 2014 | 25538687 |
| use of taguchi methodology to enhance the yield of caffeine removal with growing cultures of pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes. | microbial caffeine removal is a green solution for treatment of caffeinated products and agro-industrial effluents. we directed this investigation to optimizing a bio-decaffeination process with growing cultures of pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes through taguchi methodology which is a structured statistical approach that can be lowered variations in a process through design of experiments (doe). | 2014 | 25926962 |
| an aerobic exercise: defining the roles of pseudomonas aeruginosa terminal oxidases. | the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa encodes a large and diverse complement of aerobic terminal oxidases, which is thought to contribute to its ability to thrive in settings with low oxygen availability. in this issue, arai et al. (j. bacteriol. 196:4206-4215, 2014, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.02176-14) present a thorough characterization of these five complexes, enabling a more detailed understanding of aerobic respiration in this organism. | 2014 | 25266389 |
| wastewater treatment using integrated anaerobic baffled reactor and bio-rack wetland planted with phragmites sp. and typha sp. | the purpose of this study is to examine the potential use of anaerobic baffled reactor (abr) followed by bio-rack wetland planted with phragmites sp. and typha sp. for treating domestic wastewater generated by small communities (751 mg cod/l, 500 scod mg/l, 348 mg bod5/l). two parallel laboratory-scale models showed that the process planted with phragmites sp. and typha sp. are capable of removing cod by 87% & 86%, scod by 90% & 88%, bod5 by 93% & 92%, tss by 88% & 86%, tn by 79% & 77%, po4-p by ... | 2014 | 25379186 |
| antimicrobial resistance in pseudomonas sp. causing infections in trauma patients: a 6 year experience from a south asian country. | drug resistance to pseudomonas sp. has spread to such a level irrespective of the type of patients, that its pattern of distribution and antibiotic resistance needs to be studied in detail, especially in trauma patients and hence the study. a 6 year study was carried out among trauma patients to see the trend and type of resistance prevalent in the apex hospital for trauma care in india among nonduplicate isolates where multidrug-resistance (mdr), cross-resistance and pan-drug resistance in pseu ... | 2014 | 25538457 |
| crystal structure of the ectoine hydroxylase, a snapshot of the active site. | ectoine and its derivative 5-hydroxyectoine are compatible solutes that are widely synthesized by bacteria to cope physiologically with osmotic stress. they also serve as chemical chaperones and maintain the functionality of macromolecules. 5-hydroxyectoine is produced from ectoine through a stereo-specific hydroxylation, an enzymatic reaction catalyzed by the ectoine hydroxylase (ectd). the ectd protein is a member of the non-heme-containing iron(ii) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase sup ... | 2014 | 25172507 |
| mobility and generation of mosaic non-autonomous transposons by tn3-derived inverted-repeat miniature elements (times). | functional transposable elements (tes) of several pseudomonas spp. strains isolated from black shale ore of lubin mine and from post-flotation tailings of zelazny most in poland, were identified using a positive selection trap plasmid strategy. this approach led to the capture and characterization of (i) 13 insertion sequences from 5 is families (is3, is5, isl3, is30 and is1380), (ii) isoforms of two tn3-family transposons--tn5563a and tn4662a (the latter contains a toxin-antitoxin system), as w ... | 2014 | 25121765 |
| biosurfactant mediated biosynthesis of selected metallic nanoparticles. | developing a reliable experimental protocol for the synthesis of nanomaterials is one of the challenging topics in current nanotechnology particularly in the context of the recent drive to promote green technologies in their synthesis. the increasing need to develop clean, nontoxic and environmentally safe production processes for nanoparticles to reduce environmental impact, minimize waste and increase energy efficiency has become essential in this field. consequently, recent studies on the use ... | 2014 | 25110864 |
| microbial profiling of combat wound infection through detection microarray and next-generation sequencing. | combat wound healing and resolution are highly affected by the resident microbial flora. we therefore sought to achieve comprehensive detection of microbial populations in wounds using novel genomic technologies and bioinformatics analyses. we employed a microarray capable of detecting all sequenced pathogens for interrogation of 124 wound samples from extremity injuries in combat-injured u.s. service members. a subset of samples was also processed via next-generation sequencing and metagenomic ... | 2014 | 24829242 |
| metagenomic scaffolds enable combinatorial lignin transformation. | engineering the microbial transformation of lignocellulosic biomass is essential to developing modern biorefining processes that alleviate reliance on petroleum-derived energy and chemicals. many current bioprocess streams depend on the genetic tractability of escherichia coli with a primary emphasis on engineering cellulose/hemicellulose catabolism, small molecule production, and resistance to product inhibition. conversely, bioprocess streams for lignin transformation remain embryonic, with re ... | 2014 | 24982175 |
| emerging strategies and integrated systems microbiology technologies for biodiscovery of marine bioactive compounds. | marine microorganisms continue to be a source of structurally and biologically novel compounds with potential use in the biotechnology industry. the unique physiochemical properties of the marine environment (such as ph, pressure, temperature, osmolarity) and uncommon functional groups (such as isonitrile, dichloroimine, isocyanate, and halogenated functional groups) are frequently found in marine metabolites. these facts have resulted in the production of bioactive substances with different pro ... | 2014 | 24918453 |
| bloodstream infections caused by pseudomonas spp.: how to detect carbapenemase producers directly from blood cultures. | the carba np test has been evaluated to detect carbapenemase-producing pseudomonas spp. directly from blood cultures. this rapid and cost-effective test permits an early identification of carbapenemase-producing pseudomonas spp. directly from blood cultures with excellent sensitivity and specificity. results may be useful in particular for guiding the first-line therapy and epidemiological purposes. | 2014 | 24501031 |
| comparative study of hydroalcoholic extracts of momordica charantia l. against foodborne pathogens. | the antimicrobial effect of 24 different hydroalcoholic extracts (100, 75, 50 and 25% methanol and water) obtained from four parts (leaf+stem (aerial), peel, pulp and seed) of momordica charantia l. were investigated against five gram-positive, six gram-negative and four fungal strains. the extraction was done by individual cold percolation method using hexane, different hydroalcoholic solvent (100, 75, 50 and 25% methanol) and water. the antimicrobial activity was done by agar well diffusion as ... | 2014 | 24843188 |
| a novel biocatalyst for efficient production of 2-oxo-carboxylates using glycerol as the cost-effective carbon source. | the surplus of glycerol has increased remarkably as a main byproduct during the biofuel's production. exploiting an alternative route for glycerol utilization is significantly important for sustainability of biofuels. | 2015 | 26609321 |
| quantitative 'omics analyses of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanaote metabolism in pseudomonas putida ls46 cultured with waste glycerol and waste fatty acids. | transcriptomes and proteomes of pseudomonas putida ls46 cultured with biodiesel-derived waste glycerol or waste free fatty acids, as sole carbon sources, were compared under conditions that were either permissive or non-permissive for synthesis of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-pha). the objectives of this study were to elucidate mechanisms that influence activation of biopolymer synthesis, intra-cellular accumulation, and monomer composition, and determine if these were physiolo ... | 2015 | 26544181 |
| two polyhydroxyalkanoate synthases from distinct classes from the aromatic degrader cupriavidus pinatubonensis jmp134 exhibit the same substrate preference. | cupriavidus pinatubonensis jmp134 utilizes a variety of aromatic substrates as sole carbon sources, including meta-nitrophenol (mnp). two polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthase genes, phac1 and phac2, were annotated and categorized as class i and class ii pha synthase genes, respectively. in this study, both his-tagged purified phac1 and phac2 were shown to exhibit typical class i pha synthase substrate specificity to make short-chain-length (scl) pha from 3-hydroxybutyryl-coa and failed to make me ... | 2015 | 26544851 |
| draft genome sequence of the polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium pseudomonas stutzeri kf716 (nbrc 110668). | pseudomonas stutzeri kf716 (nbrc 110668) utilizes biphenyl as a sole source of carbon and energy and degrades polychlorinated biphenyls. here, we report the first draft genome sequence of a biphenyl-degrading strain of the species p. stutzeri. | 2015 | 26494664 |
| deterioration to extinction of wastewater bacteria by non-thermal atmospheric pressure air plasma as assessed by 16s rdna-dgge fingerprinting. | the use of cold plasma jets for inactivation of a variety of microorganisms has recently been evaluated via culture-based methods. accordingly, elucidation of the role of cold plasma in decontamination would be inaccurate because most microbial populations within a system remain unexplored owing to the high amount of yet uncultured bacteria. the impact of cold atmospheric plasma on the bacterial community structure of wastewater from two different industries was investigated by metagenomic-based ... | 2015 | 26500637 |
| the substrate tolerance of alcohol oxidases. | alcohols are a rich source of compounds from renewable sources, but they have to be activated in order to allow the modification of their carbon backbone. the latter can be achieved via oxidation to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones. as an alternative to (thermodynamically disfavoured) nicotinamide-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, alcohol oxidases make use of molecular oxygen but their application is under-represented in synthetic biotransformations. in this review, the mechanism of copper ... | 2015 | 26153139 |
| third generation cephalosporin resistant enterobacteriaceae and multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria causing bacteremia in febrile neutropenia adult cancer patients in lebanon, broad spectrum antibiotics use as a major risk factor, and correlation with poor prognosis. | bacteremia remains a major cause of life-threatening complications in patients receiving anticancer chemotherapy. the spectrum and susceptibility profiles of causative microorganisms differ with time and place. data from lebanon are scarce. we aim at evaluating the epidemiology of bacteremia in cancer patients in a university hospital in lebanon, emphasizing antibiotic resistance and risk factors of multi-drug resistant organism (mdro)-associated bacteremia. | 2015 | 25729741 |
| redox properties of extracellular polymeric substances (eps) from electroactive bacteria. | although the capacity for electroactive bacteria to convert environmental metallic minerals and organic pollutants is well known, the role of the redox properties of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (eps) in this process is poorly understood. in this work, the redox properties of eps from two widely present electroactive bacterial strains (shewanella oneidensis and pseudomonas putida) were explored. electrochemical analysis demonstrates that the eps extracted from the two strains exh ... | 2016 | 27991531 |
| genomics of high molecular weight plasmids isolated from an on-farm biopurification system. | the use of biopurification systems (bps) constitutes an efficient strategy to eliminate pesticides from polluted wastewaters from farm activities. bps environments contain a high microbial density and diversity facilitating the exchange of information among bacteria, mediated by mobile genetic elements (mges), which play a key role in bacterial adaptation and evolution in such environments. here we sequenced and characterized high-molecular-weight plasmids from a bacterial collection of an on-fa ... | 2016 | 27321040 |
| evaluation of heavy metal removal from wastewater in a modified packed bed biofilm reactor. | for the effective application of a modified packed bed biofilm reactor (pbbr) in wastewater industrial practice, it is essential to distinguish the tolerance of the system for heavy metals removal. the industrial contamination of wastewater from various sources (e.g. zn, cu, cd and ni) was studied to assess the impacts on a pbbr. this biological system was examined by evaluating the tolerance of different strengths of composite heavy metals at the optimum hydraulic retention time (hrt) of 2 hour ... | 2016 | 27186636 |
| facilitation of co-metabolic transformation and degradation of monochlorophenols by pseudomonas sp. cf600 and changes in its fatty acid composition. | in this study, co-metabolic degradation of monochlorophenols (2-cp, 3-cp, and 4-cp) by the pseudomonas sp. cf600 strain in the presence of phenol, sodium benzoate, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid as an additional carbon source as well as the survival of bacteria were investigated. moreover, the changes in cellular fatty acid profiles of bacteria depending on co-metabolic conditions were analyzed. it was found that bacteria were capable of degrading 4-cp completely in the presence of phenol, and in the ... | 2016 | 26917860 |
| highly active and stable large catalase isolated from a hydrocarbon degrading aspergillus terreus mtcc 6324. | a hydrocarbon degrading aspergillus terreus mtcc 6324 produces a high level of extremely active and stable cellular large catalase (cat) during growth on n-hexadecane to combat the oxidative stress caused by the hydrocarbon degrading metabolic machinery inside the cell. a 160-fold purification with specific activity of around 66 × 10(5) u mg(-1) protein was achieved. the native protein molecular mass was 368 ± 5 kda with subunit molecular mass of nearly 90 kda, which indicates that the native ca ... | 2016 | 27057351 |
| uncovering the transmembrane metal binding site of the novel bacterial major facilitator superfamily-type copper importer ccoa. | uptake and trafficking of metals and their delivery to their respective metalloproteins are important processes. cells need precise control of each step to avoid exposure to excessive metal concentrations and their harmful consequences. copper (cu) is a required micronutrient used as a cofactor in proteins. however, in large amounts, it can induce oxidative damage; hence, cu homeostasis is indispensable for cell survival. biogenesis of respiratory heme-cu oxygen (hco) reductases includes inserti ... | 2016 | 26787831 |
| production and biochemical characterization of a high maltotetraose (g4) producing amylase from pseudomonas stutzeri as22. | amylase production and biochemical characterization of the crude enzyme preparation from pseudomonas stutzeri as22 were evaluated. the highest α-amylase production was achieved after 24 hours of incubation in a culture medium containing 10 g/l potato starch and 5 g/l yeast extract, with initial ph 8.0 at 30°c under continuous agitation at 200 rpm. the optimum temperature and ph for the crude α -amylase activity were 60°c and 8.0, respectively. the effect of different salts was evaluated and it w ... | 2014 | 24963472 |
| genomic islands: tools of bacterial horizontal gene transfer and evolution. | bacterial genomes evolve through mutations, rearrangements or horizontal gene transfer. besides the core genes encoding essential metabolic functions, bacterial genomes also harbour a number of accessory genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer that might be beneficial under certain environmental conditions. the horizontal gene transfer contributes to the diversification and adaptation of microorganisms, thus having an impact on the genome plasticity. a significant part of the horizontal gene ... | 2008 | 19178566 |
| genomic islands: tools of bacterial horizontal gene transfer and evolution. | bacterial genomes evolve through mutations, rearrangements or horizontal gene transfer. besides the core genes encoding essential metabolic functions, bacterial genomes also harbour a number of accessory genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer that might be beneficial under certain environmental conditions. the horizontal gene transfer contributes to the diversification and adaptation of microorganisms, thus having an impact on the genome plasticity. a significant part of the horizontal gene ... | 2008 | 19178566 |
| diversity, biocontrol, and plant growth promoting abilities of xylem residing bacteria from solanaceous crops. | eggplant (solanum melongena l.) is one of the solanaceous crops of economic and cultural importance and is widely cultivated in the state of goa, india. eggplant cultivation is severely affected by bacterial wilt caused by ralstonia solanacearum that colonizes the xylem tissue. in this study, 167 bacteria were isolated from the xylem of healthy eggplant, chilli, and solanum torvum sw. by vacuum infiltration and maceration. amplified rdna restriction analysis (ardra) grouped these xylem residing ... | 2014 | 24963298 |
| addiction of hypertransformable pneumococcal isolates to natural transformation for in vivo fitness and virulence. | natural genetic transformation of streptococcus pneumoniae, an important human pathogen, mediates horizontal gene transfer for the development of drug resistance, modulation of carriage and virulence traits, and evasion of host immunity. transformation frequency differs greatly among pneumococcal clinical isolates, but the molecular basis and biological importance of this interstrain variability remain unclear. in this study, we characterized the transformation frequency and other associated phe ... | 2016 | 27068094 |
| midgut microbial community of culex quinquefasciatus mosquito populations from india. | the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus is a ubiquitous species that serves as a major vector for west nile virus and lymphatic filariasis. ingestion of bloodmeal by females triggers a series of physiological processes in the midgut and also exposes them to infection by these pathogens. the bacteria normally harbored in the midgut are known to influence physiology and can also alter the response to various pathogens. the midgut bacteria in female cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes collected over a larg ... | 2013 | 24312223 |
| ultrasound scan as a potential source of nosocomial and crossinfection: a literature review. | the authors review the main concepts regarding the importance of cleaning/disinfection of ultrasonography probes, aiming a better comprehension by practitioners and thus enabling strategies to establish a safe practice without compromising the quality of the examination and the operator productivity. in the context of biosafety, it is imperative to assume that contact with blood or body fluids represents a potential source of infection. thus, in order to implement cleaning/disinfection practice, ... | 2015 | 26543284 |
| biodegradation of crude oil by individual bacterial strains and a mixed bacterial consortium. | three bacterial isolates identified as alcanivorax borkumensis sk2, rhodococcus erythropolis hs4 and pseudomonas stutzeri sdm, based on 16s rrna gene sequences, were isolated from crude oil enrichments of natural seawater. single strains and four bacterial consortia designed by mixing the single bacterial cultures respectively in the following ratios: (alcanivorax: pseudomonas, 1:1), (alcanivorax: rhodococcus, 1:1), (pseudomonas: rhodococcus, 1:1), and (alcanivorax: pseudomonas: rhodococcus, 1:1 ... | 2015 | 26273252 |
| enzymatic potential of heterotrophic bacteria from a neutral copper mine drainage. | copper mine drainages are restricted environments that have been overlooked as sources of new biocatalysts for bioremediation and organic syntheses. therefore, this study aimed to determine the enzymatic activities (esterase, epoxide hydrolase and monooxygenase) of 56 heterotrophic bacteria isolated from a neutral copper mine drainage (sossego mine, canaã dos carajás, brazil). hydrolase and monooxygenase activities were detected in 75% and 20% of the evaluated bacteria, respectively. bacterial s ... | 2016 | 27522533 |
| analysis for the presence of determinants involved in the transport of mercury across bacterial membrane from polluted water bodies of india. | mercury, which is ubiquitous and recalcitrant to biodegradation processes, threatens human health by escaping to the environment via various natural and anthropogenic activities. non-biodegradability of mercury pollutants has necessitated the development and implementation of economic alternatives with promising potential to remove metals from the environment. enhancement of microbial based remediation strategies through genetic engineering approaches provides one such alternative with a promisi ... | 2016 | 26887227 |
| possible link between bacterial resistance and use of antibiotics and biocides. | | 1998 | 9722471 |
| development and evaluation of functional gene arrays for detection of selected genes in the environment. | to determine the potential of dna array technology for assessing functional gene diversity and distribution, a prototype microarray was constructed with genes involved in nitrogen cycling: nitrite reductase (nirs and nirk) genes, ammonia mono-oxygenase (amoa) genes, and methane mono-oxygenase (pmoa) genes from pure cultures and those cloned from marine sediments. in experiments using glass slide microarrays, genes possessing less than 80 to 85% sequence identity were differentiated under hybridi ... | 2001 | 11722935 |
| real-time pcr quantification of rbcl (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) mrna in diatoms and pelagophytes. | transcriptional activity is often used as a surrogate for gene expression in environmental microbial communities. we developed a real-time pcr assay in which the abi-prism (pe applied biosystems) detection system is used for quantification of large-subunit ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate caboxylase/oxygenase (rbcl) mrna in diatoms and pelagophytes both in cultures and from natural phytoplankton communities. plasmid dna containing rbcl inserts, as well as in vitro transcribed mrna of the plasmids, was ... | 2002 | 12147471 |
| nitrogen cycling in the ocean: new perspectives on processes and paradigms. | | 2002 | 11872445 |
| simultaneous extraction from bacterioplankton of total rna and dna suitable for quantitative structure and function analyses. | the aim of this study was to develop a protocol for the simultaneous extraction from bacterioplankton of rna and dna suitable for quantitative molecular analysis. by using a combined mechanical and chemical extraction method, the highest rna and dna yield was obtained with sodium lauryl sarcosinate-phenol or divolab-phenol as the extraction mix. the efficiency of extraction of nucleic acids was comparatively high and varied only moderately in gram-negative bacterial isolates and bacterioplankton ... | 2002 | 11872453 |
| diversity of protein-protein interactions. | in this review, we discuss the structural and functional diversity of protein-protein interactions (ppis) based primarily on protein families for which three-dimensional structural data are available. ppis play diverse roles in biology and differ based on the composition, affinity and whether the association is permanent or transient. in vivo, the protomer's localization, concentration and local environment can affect the interaction between protomers and are vital to control the composition and ... | 2003 | 12853464 |
| antimicrobial peptides from marine invertebrates. | | 2004 | 15388415 |
| efficacy of two distinct ethanol-based hand rubs for surgical hand disinfection -- a controlled trial according to pren 12791. | aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of two distinct ethanol-based hand rubs for surgical hand disinfection in a controlled cross-over trial according to pren 12791. | 2005 | 15784148 |
| peri-operative bacteraemia in burn patients. what does it mean? | bacteraemias during burn wound manipulation are frequent, especially following burn wound excision. however, these bacteraemias seem not to have any clinical consequences, and their treatment is therefore controversial. over a 20-month period 35 surgical debridement procedures were recorded prospectively in 18 burn patients. blood culture samples were drawn before, during, and after surgical excision. bacteraemias were found in ten out of the 35 patients (28%), and 16 of the 105 blood samples (1 ... | 2006 | 21991037 |
| anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria and associated activity in fixed-film biofilters of a marine recirculating aquaculture system. | microbial communities in the biological filter and waste sludge compartments of a marine recirculating aquaculture system were examined to determine the presence and activity of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria. community dna was extracted from aerobic and anaerobic fixed-film biofilters and the anaerobic sludge waste collection tank and was analyzed by amplifying 16s rrna genes by pcr using anammox-selective and universal gc-clamped primers. separation of amplified pcr products b ... | 2006 | 16597996 |
| dioxygen activation at non-heme diiron centers: oxidation of a proximal residue in the i100w variant of toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase hydroxylase. | at its carboxylate-bridged diiron active site, the hydroxylase component of toluene/o-xylene monooxygenase activates dioxygen for subsequent arene hydroxylation. in an i100w variant of this enzyme, we characterized the formation and decay of two species formed by addition of dioxygen to the reduced, diiron(ii) state by rapid-freeze quench (rfq) epr, mössbauer, and endor spectroscopy. the dependence of the formation and decay rates of this mixed-valent transient on ph and the presence of phenol, ... | 2007 | 18044971 |
| pre-steady-state studies of phosphite dehydrogenase demonstrate that hydride transfer is fully rate limiting. | phosphite dehydrogenase (ptdh) is a unique nad-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of inorganic phosphite to phosphate. the enzyme has great potential for cofactor regeneration, and mechanistic studies have provided some insight into the residues that are important for catalysis. in this investigation, pre-steady-state studies were performed on the his6-tagged wild-type (wt) enzyme, several active site mutants, a thermostable mutant (12x-ptdh), and a thermostable mutant with dual cofac ... | 2007 | 17949110 |