| detection of salmonella enteritidis in equine feces using the polymerase chain reaction and genus-specific oligonucleotide primers. | salmonella was identified in feces from horses, using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and genus-specific oligonucleotide primers. feces from healthy horses were determined to be culture negative and pcr negative for salmonella. fecal samples were inoculated with known numbers of colony-forming units (cfu) of s. enteritidis. the fecal samples were enriched overnight in tetrathionate broth, and then dna was extracted and amplified by pcr using genus-specific primers. sensitivity of the assay e ... | 1995 | 7619905 |
| selection of egg component and optimal parameters of incubation for detection of salmonella enteritidis contamination in grade a table eggs by monoclonal antibody-based elisa. | | 1995 | 7619913 |
| salmonella pyomyositis in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus. | pyomyositis is a common disease in the tropics, mostly due to staphylococcus aureus. we report two patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) who presented with fever and unilateral limb swelling and in whom pyomyositis was diagnosed in quadriceps and gluteus major, respectively. salmonella enteritidis was isolated in both, with recurrent episodes of muscle involvement and secondary osteomyelitis in one case. non-typhi salmonella pyomyositis may occur in hiv + patients with a ... | 1995 | 7633800 |
| susceptibility of suspended and surface-attached salmonella enteritidis to biocides and elevated temperatures. | the differential resistance of substratum-attached, detached, and planktonic cells of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 was studied by using several inimical processes and in vivo bioluminescence as a nondestructive, real-time reporter of metabolic activity. bioluminescence in this strain was mediated by a construction containing the entire lux operon from photorhabdus luminescens. an excellent correlation between bioluminescence and classical plate count data was obtained when we compared att ... | 1995 | 7646010 |
| evaluation of new culture media for rapid detection and isolation of salmonellae in foods. | conventional methods for salmonella detection in foods can require up to 6 and at least 4 days. we have observed that the total analysis time can be reduced to 48 h by using salmosyst broth as a liquid medium for both preenrichment and selective enrichment and rambach agar (ra), a new selective plate medium. in samples of artificially contaminated ground beef salmonella enteritidis was detected at a concentration of 0.4 cfu/g (10 cfu/25 g) by both a conventional method and the new method. of 519 ... | 1995 | 7646035 |
| in vitro susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs of 62 salmonella strains isolated from horses in the netherlands. | the in vitro activity of 17 antimicrobial drugs against strains of salmonella typhimurium (n = 52), salmonella thompson (n = 2), salmonella heidelberg (n = 3), salmonella hadar (n = 2), salmonella enteritidis (n = 1), salmonella infantis (n = 1) and salmonella derby (n = 1) was tested using the agar dilution method. the strains were isolated from horses admitted to the large animal clinics of utrecht university. the majority of strains were susceptible to gentamicin, amikacin, kanamycin, enroflo ... | 1995 | 7653025 |
| control of salmonella enteritidis in sweden. | the swedish control of salmonella, with special reference to salmonella enteritidis, in poultry is described. the control is directed at all serotypes of salmonella and imported grandparent chickens are controlled, which is considered to be the main reason why sweden so far is not found to be involved in the worldwide spread of different phagetypes of s. enteritidis. however, this spread has initiated a more stringent control of salmonella in layers as earlier existed in broilers. since 1990, 90 ... | 1995 | 7654509 |
| large scale use of ciprofloxacin in the control of a salmonella outbreak in a hospital for the mentally handicapped. | an outbreak of salmonella food poisoning occurred in a hospital for the mentally handicapped in july 1990. salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 was identified in 101 patients and eight staff. standard infection control measures were instituted. ciprofloxacin was given to all resident patients and to all affected staff. the outbreak was rapidly controlled. there were no new cases after ciprofloxacin was started and there were no clinical relapses. microbiological relapsers were retreated with cipr ... | 1995 | 7658008 |
| recurrent salmonella enteritidis meningitis in a patient with aids. | the profound impairment of cellular immunity associated with hiv infection predisposes to salmonella infections with recurrent bacteremia as a well recognized opportunistic infection in patients with aids. however, salmonella meningitis is extremely rare in this group of patients and only 4 cases have been reported so far. we present 1 case of recurrent salmonella enteritidis meningitis in an aids patient. the infection recurred despite prolonged antimicrobial therapy. treatment of salmonella in ... | 1995 | 7660086 |
| [the biological properties of salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from different sources in the period of 1969-1989]. | the study of s. enteritidis cultures of different origin, isolated at the period of 1969-1989, revealed that almost all strains isolated in 1988-1989 belonged to phagovar 1 and carried a plasmid with a molecular weight of 36 md, while of the cultures isolated in 1969-1984 only one belonged to phagovar 1 and had a plasmid of 36 md. all s. enteritidis strains under study, irrespective of their origin and time of isolation, were highly virulent for mice, experimentally infected by different routes. ... | 1995 | 7660705 |
| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 infection associated with cheese and onion quiche. | twelve people developed gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of food poisoning after a party attended by between 60 and 80 people. the outbreak went unrecognised, however, until general practitioners admitted three patients to hospital, where faecal specimens were examined. an epidemiological investigation identified 12 cases, and a case control study showed a significant association between illness and eating a cheese and onion quiche at the party. salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 was cultur ... | 1995 | 7663604 |
| salmonella outbreak at a high school in kansas, 1994. | | 1995 | 7666632 |
| recurrent salmonella enteritidis sepsis and hepatic tuberculosis. | a 33 year old woman with recurrent salmonella enteritidis sepsis is described. penicillins, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol could not eradicate the salmonellas but a combination of high dose ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone for the eighth episode successfully cured the infection. the combination of ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone may be a valuable therapeutic regimen in patients with recurrent salmonella sepsis. prolonged intrahepatic cholestasis resulting from granulomatous hepatitis ... | 1995 | 7672664 |
| [chronic bullous dermatosis in childhood. association with salmonella enteritis]. | we report on a 2-year-old girl with chronic bullous disease of childhood (cbdc). concomitantly with a feverish gastrointestinal infection caused by salmonella enteritidis, the child presented with lesions resembling impetigo contagiosa on the legs and face. following antibiotic treatment with cephalosporins p.o. and flucloxacillin i.v. she developed typical symptoms of cbdc, i.e. tense blisters on erythematous skin in the perineal area, on the flexor aspects of the thighs and upper arms and on t ... | 1995 | 7672989 |
| [food poisoning and infection in 1993]. | | 1995 | 7676042 |
| horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis in molted and unmolted laying chickens. | the impact of induced molting on the horizontal transmission of s. enteritidis was studied. in expt. 1, every other hen in rows of either molted or unmolted hens was infected with s. enteritidis (1 x 10(6) bacteria/hen). s. enteritidis was transmitted more rapidly to the unchallenged hens in the adjacent cages of molted hens than in unmolted hens, and these molted hens shed significantly more of the organism than unmolted hens. in expts. 2 and 3, the center hen in two rows each of 11 molted and ... | 1995 | 7677644 |
| synergism of lactate and succinate as metabolites utilized by veillonella to inhibit the growth of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis in vitro. | the inhibition of salmonellae growth by a veillonella bacterium isolated from the cecal contents of adult chickens was examined. the veillonella isolate was grown on an agar medium supplemented with 175 mumol of lactate or succinate/ml. either 0, 100, 125, 150, or 175 mumol of succinate/ml was added to the lactate medium; either 0, 100, 125, 150, or 175 mumol of lactate/ml was added to the succinate medium; and the ph of all media was adjusted to 6.0. agar overlays of veillonella cultures grown ... | 1995 | 7677651 |
| salmonella colonization and shedding patterns of hens inoculated via semen. | two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of inseminating hens with semen contaminated with marker strains of salmonella enteritidis and s. typhimurium. eggs were collected and examined for salmonellae. in expt. 1, 3/57 (5.3%) of eggs from s. enteritidis-challenged hens and 2/50 (4.0%) of eggs from s. typhimurium-challenged hens were contaminated with salmonellae. salmonellae were recovered from only the shell. in expt. 2, however, no eggs from s. typhimurium-challenged hens were co ... | 1995 | 7677652 |
| effect of mating activity on the ability of salmonella enteritidis to persist in the ovary and oviduct of chickens. | experiments were undertaken to determine whether female leghorn chickens that had been mated had a lower incidence of salmonellae colonization in the ovary, oviduct, internal organs, and eggs than did unmated birds from the same flock when both were inseminated with salmonella enteritidis-contaminated semen. eggs were sampled at approximate 3-day intervals, and fecal samples were taken at 24 hours and 7 days after insemination. fourteen days following insemination, hens were euthanatized and the ... | 1995 | 7677653 |
| a salmonella-specific dna probe and its use in southern hybridization for differentiation of salmonella enteritidis. | chromosomal dna from phage type 13a and phage type 8 of salmonella enteritidis (se) was cloned in escherichia coli using the plasmid puc8. a 2.1-kilobase-pair (kbp) dna fragment specific for salmonella spp. was identified by colony, dot, and southern hybridization analyses. when labeled and used as a probe (c7), this recombinant clone hybridized with the dna of 18 salmonella species but did not hybridize with the dna of seven other enteric and non-enteric bacterial species. in southern blot hybr ... | 1995 | 7677660 |
| [reactive arthritis associated bacteria as the etiology of undifferentiated oligoarthritis]. | undifferentiated oligoarthritis (uoa) resembles clinically reactive arthritis (rea), but does not fulfill the diagnostic criteria. in 46 patients with uoa, in 16 with rea, and in 15 with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) the humoral and cellular immune response to the rea-associated bacteria chlamydia trachomatis, yersinia enterocolitica, shigella flexneri, salmonella enteritidis, campylobacter jejuni and borrelia burgdorferi was investigated in paired samples of synovial fluid and peripheral blood. an ... | 1993 | 7682746 |
| [pseudopancreatitis in entero-invasive salmonellosis]. | the incidence of pancreatitis in bacterial enterocolitis is disputed. two cases of young patients with s. enteritidis-induced enterocolitis and markedly elevated amylase and lipase blood levels are described. in both patients there were neither clinical nor ultrasonographic signs of pancreatitis. furthermore, both had increased intestinal permeability for oral 51cr-edta, a condition discussed as "leaky gut" in other publications. in one patient enzyme levels and 51cr-edta resorption became rapid ... | 1993 | 7690154 |
| [synovial cellular immune response to bacterial pathogens in patients with chronic juvenile arthritis]. | juvenile chronic arthritis is a heterogenous disease with an ill-defined pathogenesis. in our study, synovial fluid (sf) and peripheral blood (pb) of 70 children with oligoarthritis were investigated; bacteria-specific lymphocyte proliferation and antibodies to arthritogenic bacteria were determined. specific cellular immune responses in sf but not in pb were found in 4/7 patients with either lyme- or reactive arthritis (60%). in comparison, in subgroup jca ii (n = 45) encompassing mainly elder ... | 1993 | 7692686 |
| detection of two smooth colony phenotypes in a salmonella enteritidis isolate which vary in their ability to contaminate eggs. | salmonella enteritidis isolates were obtained from eggs after infection of leghorn hens with a parent isolate (se6) known to only infrequently contaminate eggs. isolates from eggs exhibited two phenotypes that were subtly different. one phenotype was typically smooth, while the other was transiently rough. both sets of isolates were phage type 13a and positive for d1 epitopes. immunoblot analysis of entire colonies and gas chromatographic analysis of purified lipopolysaccharide revealed that the ... | 1993 | 7692818 |
| salmonellosis in malta. | | 1993 | 7693160 |
| salmonella in eggs. | | 1993 | 7693178 |
| late complications after total hip replacement in renal allograft recipients. | seventy nine hips in 53 recipients of renal allografts were treated by cemented total hip replacement for avascular necrosis of the femoral head between 1972 and 1992. eight hips in 6 patients required revision for aseptic loosening after a mean of 11.2 years. three replacements in 3 patients became infected with salmonella enteritidis after a mean of 6.2 years. one was revised, one had a disarticulation of the hip, and the third was treated with long term antibiotics. survivorship analysis for ... | 1994 | 7698869 |
| value of plasmid profiling, ribotyping, and detection of is200 for tracing avian isolates of salmonella typhimurium and s. enteritidis. | seventy selected strains of salmonella typhimurium and s. enteritidis isolated from related poultry flocks in three independent geographical areas were characterized by phenotypic and genotypic methods to compare the usefulness of the methods in epidemiological studies. the 56 s. typhimurium isolates were poorly discriminated by their biotypes, resistance patterns, and plasmid profiles. nine different ribotypes were obtained after dna digestion by bglii, pvuii, and smai. seven is200 types, chara ... | 1995 | 7699037 |
| development of a probe and pcr primers specific to the virulence plasmid of salmonella enteritidis. | restriction analysis of the salmonella enteritidis virulence plasmid, followed by hybridisation with radiolabelled s. typhimurium and s. dublin plasmids, revealed a 2-kb pstl/bg/l fragment that was specific to s. enteritidis. colony hybridisation experiments with this fragment detected 29 out of 31 s. enteritidis strains tested. s. blegdam, s. moscow and s. paratyphi c also hybridised with this fragment and a comparison of the plasmids from these serotypes revealed striking similarities. a pstl/ ... | 1994 | 7700269 |
| comparison of the salmonella-tek elisa to culture methods for detection of salmonella enteritidis in litter and cloacal swabs of poultry. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using the salmonella-tek elisa test system, was compared with bacteriological isolation for detection of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 in litter and cloacal swabs of poultry. before elisa, samples were enriched in tetrathionate broth for 18-24 h or in tetrathionate broth (18-24 h), followed by m-broth/novobiocine (4-6 h). the bacteriological isolation procedure included incubation in buffered peptone water and inoculation on modified semisolid ... | 1994 | 7701866 |
| evaluation of the efficacy of a bacterin against salmonella enteritidis infection and the effect of stress after vaccination. | an oil-emulsion vaccine was prepared from phage type 4 salmonella enteritidis to assess the potential protective efficacy of s. enteritidis vaccine and the effect of stress after vaccination. hens were vaccinated at 14 and 18 weeks of age and challenged orally at 24 weeks of age with 10(6) or 10(3) cells of a homologous s. enteritidis strain. pullets were vaccinated at 8 and 12 weeks of age and challenged with 10(9) cells. the o antibody titers of vaccinated hens rose quickly and were unchanged ... | 1994 | 7702503 |
| gross and microscopic lesions in young chickens experimentally infected with salmonella enteritidis. | one-day-old and 7-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens were orally infected with a field isolate of salmonella enteritidis phage type 13a. chickens were sequentially euthanatized at various intervals until 42 days of age, and selected tissues were collected for microscopic evaluation. eleven of 53 chickens (21%) infected at 1 day of age and 2 of 28 chickens (7%) infected at 7 days of age died. gross and microscopic lesions were more frequent and severe in chickens infected at 1 day of age and ... | 1994 | 7702516 |
| development of antibiotic-resistant strains for the enumeration of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in stored foods. | strains of aeromonas spp., salmonella enteritidis phage type 4, salmonella typhimurium, verotoxigenic escherichia coli o157:h7 (vtec) and yersinia enterocolitica resistant to streptomycin, nalidixic acid and a combination of both antibiotics were selected. when compared with the parent strains, most of the antibiotic-resistant strains had slightly slower growth rates at their optimum incubation temperature but the difference was reduced progressively when the temperature was lowered. some antibi ... | 1994 | 7703007 |
| phage conversion in salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis: implications for epidemiology. | a model system for the study of phage conversion of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis is reported. temperate phages 1,2,3 and 6 from the phage typing scheme were used to convert several individually recognized phage types into others. phage type 4 was converted to pt8, pt6a to pt4, pt6a to pt7, pt13 to pt13a and pt15 to pt11; some new phage lysis patterns were also detected. this model was used to examine the relationships between phage types within a previously defined clonal lineage, se ... | 1995 | 7705486 |
| growth and penetration of salmonella enteritidis, salmonella heidelberg and salmonella typhimurium in eggs. | eggs and egg dishes are important vehicles for salmonella infections. salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium and salmonella heidelberg, which can be isolated from chicken ovaries and feces, have been implicated in approximately 50% of the foodborne salmonellosis outbreaks in the united states. in this study, the growth of these three organisms, inoculated into yolks and albumen, was compared at 4, 10 and 25 degrees c. regardless of whether 10(2) cfu/g or 10(4) cfu/g was inoculated into t ... | 1995 | 7710915 |
| rapid and economical detection of salmonella enteritidis in eggs by the polymyxin-cloth enzyme immunoassay. | a rapid, simple and economical procedure for the detection of salmonella enteritidis in eggs was developed. the contents of whole eggs inoculated with low numbers of s. enteritidis were mixed with a minimal volume of a nutrient-rich broth (1:2 ratio of egg to broth) and incubated overnight. the lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens of s. enteritidis were extracted by heating in the presence of cholate. the antigens were captured on polymyxin-coated polyester cloth, and the captured antigens were det ... | 1995 | 7710916 |
| anti-lipid a monoclonal antibodies and anti-lps antiserum effects on limulus activity of lps. | anti-lipid a monoclonal antibodies (a78s1 and a523) and anti-lps antiserum can decrease the mortality due to endotoxic shock in the newborn rat. however, in vitro lps detoxification of anti-lipid a monoclonal antibodies is not known. thus, we studied in vivo effects of a78s1 (igg), a523 (igm), and anti-lps antiserum on limulus activity. anti-lps antiserum decreased limulus activity of s. enteritidis, e. coli and s. typhosa lps. however, neither a78s1 nor a523 decreased the limulus activity of e. ... | 1994 | 7712110 |
| identification and sequence analysis of lpfabcde, a putative fimbrial operon of salmonella typhimurium. | a chromosomal region present in salmonella typhimurium but absent from related species was identified by hybridization. a dna probe originating from 78 min on the s. typhimurium chromosome hybridized with dna from salmonella enteritidis, salmonella heidelberg, and salmonella dublin but not with dna from salmonella typhi, salmonella arizonae, escherichia coli, and shigella serotypes. cloning and sequence analysis revealed that the corresponding region of the s. typhimurium chromosome encodes a fi ... | 1995 | 7721701 |
| [successfully treated salmonella enteritidis endocarditis]. | the 60 year old man was admitted because of aphasia and hemiparesis. after cranial computed tomography 15 ml parietal hematoma was removed by stereotaxic biopsy. the patient had hyperpyrexia, combined mitral vitium and atrial fibrillation. there was no symptom of gastroenteritis. salmonella enteritidis was cultured from blood three times. the vegetation was proved by transoesophageal echocardiography. ampicillin + gentamycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate + amikacin therapy was ineffective, respective ... | 1995 | 7724212 |
| acute suppurative salmonella enteritidis thyroiditis associated with thyrotoxicosis in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1995 | 7727656 |
| regulation of macrophage activation and human immunodeficiency virus production by invasive salmonella strains. | salmonellae possess the ability to adhere to and invade macrophages and in so doing trigger a number of intracellular events that are associated with cellular activation. as an initial approach to defining the mechanisms by which invasive salmonellae alter macrophage function, we have explored the impact of salmonella infection on the production of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in u1 cells, a promonocytic cell line latently infected with the virus. infection of u1 cells with a pathogenic st ... | 1995 | 7729890 |
| activity of p-aminobenzoic acid compared with other organic acids against selected bacteria. | the antibacterial activity of p-aminobenzoic acid against listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enteritidis and escherichia coli was compared with the activity of commonly used acidulants: formic, propionic, acetic, lactic and citric acids. viable count evaluations and mic determinations indicated that p-aminobenzoic acid caused greater inhibitory effects than the other organic acids. the activity of p-aminobenzoic acid on the growth of the test organisms at selected ph values indicated that p-amin ... | 1995 | 7730199 |
| comparison of resistance of various poultry lines to infection by salmonella enteritidis. | a study was undertaken to determine the susceptibility or resistance of 9 outbred experimental or commercial poultry lines to salmonella enteritidis pt4. young chicks were inoculated either intramuscularly or orally just after hatching. after intramuscular challenge the lines could be divided into susceptible lines (ld 50% < or = 10(2) salmonella per animal), intermediate lines (ld 50% about 10(4) salmonella) and resistant lines (ld 50% > 10(5) salmonella). the results obtained after oral challe ... | 1995 | 7735307 |
| the role of platelet-activating factor in alterations of system a amino acid transport in rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles during endotoxic shock. | we investigated the role of platelet-activating factor (paf) as a mediator of system a amino acid transport alterations in skeletal muscle during endotoxic shock. male sprague-dawley rats (80-100 g) were injected with salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (10 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.)) or paf (4 micrograms/kg i.v.) and killed 5 or 1 h later, respectively. control rats were injected with a vehicle. system a amino acid transport was assessed by measuring the cellular uptake of 1-14c-alpha-aminoisobuty ... | 1994 | 7735984 |
| plasma endotoxin concentration after an intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin in fed and fasted suckling rats. | in the adult host response to endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (lps)) is dose-related. an intraperitoneal injection is commonly used for lps administration in small animals. however, plasma endotoxin concentration following an intraperitoneal bolus injection of lps is not well known. this study was performed to evaluate plasma endotoxin concentration following a bolus intraperitoneal injection of lps in both fed and 24 h fasted 10 day old rats. plasma endotoxin concentration increased in a dose-dep ... | 1994 | 7743339 |
| glucose, lactate, insulin, and somatostatin responses to endotoxin in developing rats. | the purpose of this study was to examine the temporal plasma glucose, lactate, insulin, and somatostatin responses of 10-day-old (10 d) and 28-day-old (28 d) rats to the effects of an ld90 dose of endotoxin for a 4 h period. salmonella enteritidis endotoxin was administered to 10 d and 28 d rats at .2 and 30.0 mg/kg, respectively. hyperglycemia was the initial response to endotoxin, followed by hypoglycemia; this was similar for 10 d and 28 d rats. lactate levels were significantly elevated in 1 ... | 1994 | 7743375 |
| [epidemic of salmonella enteritidis infection of childhood in the northern area of nagasaki]. | salmonella enteritidis infections were a local epidemic in the northern area of nagasaki, japan, during august to september in 1992. out patients (142) visited our hospital because of diarrhea and-or abdominal pain and 96 patients had stool cultures and 51 patients were diagnosed as salmonella infection. of the 51 patients it was found that the salmonella serogroups were 09, 07, 08 and the number of patients were 42, 8, 1, respectively. phage type 1 was identified in all of the s. enteritidis in ... | 1995 | 7745306 |
| increased nitric oxide synthesis during the development of endotoxin tolerance. | the role of nitric oxide (no) synthesis was investigated in endotoxin (lps) tolerance induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of a sublethal dose of salmonella enteritidis lps (100 micrograms/kg intraperitoneally). peritoneal macrophages were harvested 6 and 24 h after lps injection and stimulated in vitro with lps. lps significantly stimulated arachidonic acid metabolism, as assessed by 6-keto-prostaglandin f1 alpha (6-keto-pgf1 alpha) levels, and no production, as assessed by nitrite, in ... | 1995 | 7749936 |
| detection of an abdominal mycotic aneurysm on three-phase bone scan. a case report. | | 1995 | 7750224 |
| spontaneous salmonella peritonitis in hiv infection. | | 1995 | 7751680 |
| survival of salmonella species in eggs poached using a microwave oven. | the use of microwave ovens is becoming increasingly popular, but there is little data on the bactericidal effect of this mode of cooking. following a family outbreak of gastroenteritis due to salmonella enteritidis pt4, where eggs poached in a microwave oven were the suspected source, we investigated the survival of salmonella spp. in artificially contaminated eggs cooked in a microwave oven. the survival of six serotypes of salmonella at various inocula were studied, after cooking the eggs usin ... | 1995 | 7759828 |
| neutral endopeptidase modulation of septic shock. | neutral endopeptidase (nep; ec. 3.4.24.11) is a type 2 cell surface metalloprotease known by a variety of eponyms, including enkephalinase, common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen, and cd10. identified substrates are largely neural or humoral oligopeptide agonists, and the enzyme functions to terminate signaling by degrading the ligand, analogously to acetylcholine/acetylcholinesterase. targeted disruption of the nep locus in mice results in enhanced lethality to endotoxin shock with a prono ... | 1995 | 7760013 |
| dna probe for detecting salmonella enteritidis in food. | salmonellosis is the most frequently reported foodborne illness in the united states, with salmonella enteritidis being the leading cause of these outbreaks. nucleotide sequence comparisons of the salmonella plasmid virulence (spv) genes of s. enteritidis with those of s. typhimurium and s. dublin have revealed that a single base-pair change unique to s. enteritidis is present in the spva gene. an 18-base synthetic oligonucleotide probe (se-probe) that is completely homologous to the spva gene o ... | 1995 | 7760865 |
| a survey of the incidence of salmonella species and enterobacteriaceae in poultry feeds and feed components. | between july 1990 and april 1991 the rate of contamination with salmonella species of poultry feeds and feed components used by the dutch feed industry was surveyed. ten per cent of 360, 10 g samples of poultry feeds were found to be contaminated. mash feeds, mostly used for layer-breeders, were far more frequently (21 per cent) contaminated than pelleted feeds (1.4 per cent). the rate of contamination of 130 samples of fish meal was 31 per cent, of 83 samples of meat and bone meal 4 per cent, 5 ... | 1995 | 7762127 |
| plasmid profile typing provides a method for the differentiation of strains of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 isolated in turkey. | five phage types have been identified in 38 strains of salmonella enteritidis isolated in turkey in the 20-month period june 1992-january 1994. strains belonging to phage type 4 predominated. within phage type 4, plasmid profile typing has proved a useful method of strain discrimination and has confirmed the identity of a putative outbreak involving canteen workers in an industrial complex. | 1994 | 7765400 |
| the influence of sodium chloride and ph on the growth of salmonella enteritidis pt4. | sodium or potassium chlorides at concentrations of ca 2.0% (w/v) stimulated the growth of salmonella enteritidis pt4 and pt6 but not pt8 in nutrient broth acidified to < or = 5.5 with acetic but not with citric, propionic or hydrochloric acids. stimulation was noted also with an acidified defined medium. the most pronounced stimulation occurred with incubation at 37 degrees c. supplementation of acidified nutrient broth with sucrose or glycerol had no effect on the growth of salmonellas. | 1995 | 7765861 |
| inhibition of salmonella enteritidis by oleuropein in broth and in a model food system. | the inhibitory effect of commercial 'pure' oleuropein was tested against salmonella enteritidis in a coliform broth and in reconstituted milk (model food system). it was found that the inhibition of this organism in the broth was influenced by the initial inoculum size, the ph of the medium and the concentration of additive. the inhibition was more pronounced in samples with low ph and low inoculum size. no such inhibition was evident in the model food system. | 1995 | 7765901 |
| plasmid analysis of australian strains of salmonella enteritidis. | using an in-well lysis technique, 73 australian strains of salmonella enteritidis were shown to possess a large plasmid, similar in size to that possessed by a reference phage type 4 strain. restriction analysis of the large plasmid from nine strains using ecori, hindiii and psti suggested that these plasmids are similar to or the same as the 38 mda plasmid described in strains of this species from other parts of the world. | 1995 | 7765905 |
| deleterious effects of buthionine sulfoximine on cardiac function during continuous endotoxemia. | sepsis has been associated with reversible cardiac injury. to determine whether this injury is mediated by generation of reactive oxidants, tissue glutathione (gsh)--the major intracellular antioxidant--was depleted before endotoxemia. basal values of cardiac contractile function, perfusion, and cardiac output were measured 5-7 days postsurgery. salmonella enteritidis endotoxin was continuously infused at 3 micrograms/kg/hr iv via an osmotic pump (alzet corp). endotoxemia significantly reduced m ... | 1995 | 7770469 |
| lack of direct endotoxin-induced vasoactive effects on isolated skeletal muscle arterioles. | septic shock continues to be a major cause of mortality in the intensive care unit. this study was conducted to determine if endotoxin exerts a direct effect on the major determinant of peripheral vascular resistance, skeletal muscle arterioles. first order cremasteric arterioles were isolated from male sprague-dawley rats, cannulated with glass micropipettes, superfused in physiologic saline solution, and allowed to achieve spontaneous basal tone in the absence of intraluminal flow. phenylephri ... | 1995 | 7773802 |
| plasmid profiles and resistance to antimicrobial agents among salmonella enteritidis isolates from human beings and poultry in the midwestern united states. | in the study reported here, 121 salmonella enteritidis isolates from human beings and 467 isolates from nonhuman sources were analyzed for plasmid pattern and susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobial agents commonly used as biologic markers. a significant (p < 0.05) number of isolates from nonhuman sources were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and tetracycline. resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was uncommon. of the 588 isolates, 445 (76%) were res ... | 1995 | 7775246 |
| correlation of change in phage type with pulsed field profile and 16s rrn profile in salmonella enteritidis phage types 4, 7 and 9a. | using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and 16s rrna (rrn) analysis (ribotyping), the in vivo derivation of strains of salmonella enteritidis pts 9a and 7 from a strain of s. enteritidis pt 4 has been demonstrated. all strains were isolated from a single patient over a 6-week period. further studies have demonstrated that in terms of pulsed-field profile and ribotype, the genotypes of the patient-derived strains differed from those of the reference strains of the respective phage types. it ... | 1995 | 7781728 |
| [spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to salmonella enteritidis]. | | 1995 | 7783479 |
| formation of viable but nonculturable salmonella during starvation in chemically defined solutions. | salmonella enteritidis enters a viable-but-nonculturable state when exposed to starvation in aquatic environments. this study determined starvation survival of this pathogen in chemically defined solutions and tested the ability of nonselective enrichment to detect viable-but-nonculturable cells. starvation of salm. enteritidis at 7 degrees c in 7.35 mmol l-1 potassium phosphate buffer resulted in complete loss of culturability after 5 weeks with maintenance of a substrate-responsive population ... | 1995 | 7786506 |
| salmonellae in gulls and other free-living birds in the czech republic. | cloacal swabs, collected from 756 wild synanthropic and exoanthropic birds of 57 species in the czech republic, yielded 32 strains of salmonella typhimurium [phage types (pt) 141, 104 and 41], six isolates of s. enteritidis (pt 8, 4 and 6e), and one each of s. panama and s. anatum. except for one s. enteritidis isolate from a grey-lag goose (anser anser) and one s. typhimurium isolate from a coot (fulica atra), all of the other strains were derived from black-headed gulls (larus ridibundus), of ... | 1995 | 7787820 |
| salmonella enteritidis colonization of the reproductive tract and forming and freshly laid eggs of chickens. | salmonella enteritidis colonizes the tissues of the chicken ovary and oviduct, presumably contaminating eggs and thereby contributing to human outbreaks of salmonellosis. in this study, commercial adult laying hens were given an oral inoculation of 10(8) s. enteritidis organisms. tissues from various organs, the intestines, and the reproductive tract, including freshly laid eggs, were collected daily for up to 40 days postinoculation (p.i.). within 2 days p.i. s. enteritidis was detected by cult ... | 1995 | 7790055 |
| analysis of salmonella enteritidis isolates by arbitrarily primed pcr. | an arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr) was developed to analyze the genomic dnas of salmonella enteritidis isolates from human outbreaks and from avian sources. the ap-pcr generated seven distinct randomly amplified dna patterns among the s. enteritidis isolates studied. differences in the dna patterns among isolates of s. enteritidis phage types 13a and 8 as well as among s. enteritidis phage type 14b were observed. the ap-pcr analysis can be used to determine the differences among isolates within ... | 1995 | 7790473 |
| observations on disinfection regimens used on salmonella enteritidis infected poultry units. | studies carried out at the laboratory and in the field identified many potential problems during disinfection of poultry units naturally contaminated with salmonella enteritidis. there appeared to be variations in the efficiency of commonly used disinfectants within a disinfectant group when used in a contaminated house. it was possible for salmonella and other coliforms to be amplified during the pressure washing or steam cleaning process. if an effective terminal disinfectant was not used afte ... | 1995 | 7792235 |
| response to salmonella enteritidis infection by the immunocompromised avian host. | to develop knowledge of the avian immune response and improve the ability of chickens to resist infection by salmonella enteritidis (se), the role of the different components of the immune response against se infection was examined. birds were given treatments with cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine a, or testosterone propionate to induce immunological deficiency, and experiments were performed to determine the effects of each on the immune response. each treatment reduced hatch rate, survival rate, ... | 1995 | 7792237 |
| comparison of prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines against salmonella enteritidis organ invasion in neonatal leghorn chicks. | investigations in our laboratories have indicated that when salmonella enteritidis (se)-immune lymphokines--supernatants from concanavalin-a-stimulated t cells derived from se-immune adult chickens--were administered intraperitoneally to 1-day-old chicks before se challenge, they conferred protection against se organ invasion within 24 hr. this resistance mediated by se-immune lymphokines was associated with a concomitant increase in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes that peaked 4 hr ... | 1995 | 7794186 |
| microbiological analysis of the early salmonella enteritidis infection in molted and unmolted hens. | a study was conducted in which the early kinetics (4 hr to 96 hr) of an infection by salmonella enteritidis in older white leghorn hens was examined, and a molt was induced through withholding feed to determine its effect on the progression of this infection. molted and unmolted hens were orally infected with 5-10 x 10(6) s. enteritidis on day 4 of the feed removal. at 4, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr postinfection, liver, spleen, ileum, colon, cecum, and feces were removed from six hens per group and s ... | 1995 | 7794191 |
| focal salmonellosis: an unusual presentation of uterine malignancy. | | 1995 | 7794855 |
| parotitis due to salmonella enteritidis. | | 1994 | 7803659 |
| an escherichia coli gene (fabz) encoding (3r)-hydroxymyristoyl acyl carrier protein dehydrase. relation to faba and suppression of mutations in lipid a biosynthesis. | escherichia coli strain sm101 harbors a temperature-sensitive allele (lpxa2) of the gene encoding udp-glc-nac acyltransferase (the first enzyme of the lipid a pathway). sm101 is temperature-sensitive for lipid a biosynthesis and growth. to determine whether or not e. coli mutants lacking lipid a can be isolated, we examined temperature-resistant revertants of sm101. all regained the ability to synthesize lipid a. however, some were not true revertants but had acquired mutations in a neighboring ... | 1994 | 7806516 |
| salmonella osteomyelitis complicating an acute fracture in a healthy child. | | 1994 | 7811878 |
| pulmonary abscess due to non-typhi salmonella in a patient with aids. | | 1994 | 7811888 |
| salmonella gastroenteritis: longterm follow-up of an outbreak after treatment with norfloxacin or co-trimoxazole. | | 1994 | 7814292 |
| protective effects of bay u 3405, a thromboxane a2 receptor antagonist, in endotoxin shock. | the present study was designed to investigate the effects of bay u 3405, a new thromboxane a2 (txa2) receptor antagonist, in endotoxin shock. endotoxin shock (es) was induced in male rats by an i.v. injection of salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps; 20 mg kg-1). lps administration caused animal death (survival = 0%, 48 h after endotoxin challenge), systemic hypotension, depressed phagocytosis and increased blood levels of tnf-alpha, txb2 and 6-keto-pgf1 alpha, reduced white blood cell ... | 1994 | 7816742 |
| [the 1990 salmonella epidemic in the commercial city of lübeck--an epidemiologic study as a contribution to determining the etiology of the salmonella outbreak]. | in 1990 in germany for the first time more than 100,000 cases of enteric infections (mostly salmonella enteritidis) were registered. the incidence is still increasing. as only one of ten cases is reported the yearly overall loss to general economy is estimated up to dm 600,000,000. many hypotheses on causes were suggested but none could be verified (e.g. mass-breeding of animals, modernistic habits of eating and drinking, introduction of microwave-cooking, deterioration of hygiene in kitchens, i ... | 1994 | 7819673 |
| salmonella enteritidis orchitis in a 10-week-old boy. | extraintestinal manifestations of salmonellosis in paediatric patients are found predominantly in infants less than three months of age. genital involvement is a rare complication. we present a short review of the literature and describe the case of a 10-week-old boy suffering from severe diarrhoea, who presented with a swelling of the right testicle after six days of illness. he underwent surgery on suspicion of testicular torsion, whereby orchitis was diagnosed. salmonella enteritidis was cult ... | 1994 | 7819700 |
| neonatal endotoxin exposure alters the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: early illness and later responsivity to stress. | the long-term consequences of neonatal endotoxin exposure on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (hpa) function were assessed in adult female and male long-evans rats. at 3 and 5 d of age, pups were administered endotoxin (salmonella enteritidis, 0.05 mg/kg, i.p.) at a dose that provokes a rapid and sustained physiological response, but with no mortality. as adults, neonatally endotoxin-treated animals exhibited significantly greater adrenocorticotrophic hormone (acth) and corticosterone respons ... | 1995 | 7823142 |
| dietary zinc-methionine enhances mononuclear-phagocytic function in young turkeys. zinc-methionine, immunity, and salmonella. | the ability of dietary zinc-methionine (zn-met) to enhance mononuclear-phagocytic function against salmonella arizona and enteritidis was investigated in young turkeys. feed/gain and body wt gain at 21 d of age were not affected by zn-met. the addition of 30 or 45 ppm zn from zn-met to a zn adequate diet significantly increased cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity to phytohemagglutinin-p. the clearance of intravenously administered s. enteritidis from blood was not affected by 30 ppm of supplemen ... | 1994 | 7826815 |
| conservation of cis-acting elements within the tor regulatory region among different enterobacteriaceae. | the escherichia coli (ec) torcad operon encoding the trimethyl amine n-oxide (tmao) reductase system is induced by both tmao and anaerobiosis. the tor regulatory regions from bacteria related to ec have been amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using degenerate oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers based on conserved sequences of the tor products. the amplified regions from salmonella enteritidis and sa. typhimurium (st) were the same size as that from ec and showed 82% identity with it. ... | 1995 | 7828928 |
| [tetracycline-resistant plasmid of salmonella enteritidis isolated in kumamoto city]. | we isolated salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis serovar. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) from a mass of cases which broke out in september, 1991 in kumamoto city. the isolates were shown to hold plasmids on which a tetracycline (tc)-resistant gene was located. the plasmid, about 9 kb in size, was capable of expressing the gene in escherichia coli, unstable in s. enteritidis and escherichia coli. thus in order to investigate the creeping prevalence of the tc-resistant plasmid in kumamoto cit ... | 1994 | 7829903 |
| in vivo activation of heterophil function in chickens following injection with salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines. | we have previously shown that increased resistance to salmonella enteritidis organ infectivity in day-old chicks was conferred by the immunoprophylactic administration of s. enteritidis-immune lymphokines (ilk). this resistance was associated with a significant increase in the number of circulating heterophils 4 h after ilk injection. the objective of the present study was to evaluate heterophil function following the administration of ilk in day-old chicks. significant increases (p < 0.001) in ... | 1995 | 7829972 |
| a serosurvey using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against poultry pathogens in ostriches (struthio camelus) from zimbabwe. | horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-ostrich igg was raised and used in commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits to detect antibodies reactive with 11 poultry pathogens in sera from 149 ostriches from nine farms around zimbabwe. antibodies were detected to turkey rhinotracheitis virus (99%), newcastle disease virus (23%), avian reovirus (19%), infectious bursal disease virus (15%), avian encephalomyelitis virus (15%), mycoplasma gallisepticum and/or m. synoviae (11%), reticuloend ... | 1994 | 7832718 |
| beneficial effects of extracellular glutathione against endotoxin-induced liver injury during ischemia and reperfusion. | the potential beneficial effect of hepatocellular glutathione against inflammatory liver damage was investigated in a model of endotoxin-enhanced ischemia-reperfusion injury. animals were subjected to 20 min of hepatic ischemia, followed by 4 hr of reperfusion. the injection of 0.5 mg/kg salmonella enteritidis endotoxin potentiated liver injury and the postischemic oxidant stress, as indicated by increased plasma levels of glutathione disulfide. depletion of hepatic glutathione levels by > 90% w ... | 1994 | 7834822 |
| [presentation of salmonellosis in the tandil district, argentina]. | from january 1990 to july 1992 a prospective study on the salmonellosis form of presentation, reservoirs and transmission in tandil was carried out. forty strains of salmonella enterica were isolated with the following distribution: 28 humans (17 children and 11 adults), 6 in foods (1 in raw milk, 3 in well water, 1 in home made mayonnaise and 1 in chicken salad) and 6 in animals (1 in cow, 2 in chicken and 2 in calves). salmonella enteritidis was the most frequent isolate. disease was evident o ... | 1994 | 7838978 |
| reactive arthritis due to salmonella enteritidis complicated by carditis. | reactive arthritis following infection with enteropathogenic bacteria is usually a self-limiting disease that disappears after a few months without sequela. we describe two girls who developed carditis shortly after the onset of reactive arthritis due to infection with salmonella enteritidis. the carditis presented with fatigue and arrhythmia and involved the aortic valve in both patients leading to definite aortic regurgitation in one. a similar pattern of cardiac involvement is found in other ... | 1994 | 7841747 |
| salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis: changing epidemiology from 1973 until 1992. | a retrospective analysis, covering a period of 20 years, of 2049 primo-isolates of salmonella typhimurium and 343 primo-isolates of salmonella enteritidis was performed at our laboratory. in 1991, s. enteritidis (43.8%) outnumbered s. typhimurium (32.1%) as the most frequently isolated salmonella. the age group distribution of s. enteritidis yielded peaks in the under-five and above-60 year age groups, whereas s. typhimurium only peaked in the under-five age group. s. enteritidis appeared to be ... | 1994 | 7843338 |
| use of ferrous sulphate and immunomagnetic separation to recover salmonella enteritidis from raw eggs. | contaminated eggs or foods containing eggs have been a source of food borne salmonellosis, with a significant proportion of these outbreaks being attributed to salmonella enteritidis. since the level of contamination in individual eggs or a pool of such eggs may be low, enrichment to increase cell numbers can take several days. pre-enrichment of raw blended eggs which have been supplemented with ferrous sulphate at a concentration of 35 mg/l, for 6 h at 37 degrees c, significantly enhanced the g ... | 1994 | 7848777 |
| calcitonin gene-related peptide release in endotoxicosis may be mediated by prostaglandins. | three cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors (ibuprofen, indomethacin, and high dose aspirin) and two inhibitors of thromboxane biosynthesis (imidazole and low dose aspirin) were used to evaluate the role of prostaglandins and thromboxane in the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) during endotoxicosis. endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide b from salmonella enteritidis, 5 mg/kg, intravenously) was administered to rats lightly anesthetized with ether during injection. after 3 h, endotoxin significantly ... | 1995 | 7850577 |
| activation of kupffer cells and neutrophils for reactive oxygen formation is responsible for endotoxin-enhanced liver injury after hepatic ischemia. | the potential role of reactive oxygen species generated by kupffer cells and neutrophils was investigated in a model of endotoxin-enhanced liver injury after hepatic ischemia. male fischer rats were subjected to 20 min ischemia and reperfusion of up to 24 h; .5 mg/kg salmonella enteritidis endotoxin was injected at 30 min of reperfusion. the animals developed severe liver injury resulting in 50% hepatocellular necrosis at 24 h. isolated kupffer cells and neutrophils from the postischemic liver g ... | 1995 | 7850581 |
| salmonella group-e (senftenberg) lung abscess: a case report. | a male patient presented with complaints of fever, cough with expectoration, burning micturition and 5-6 semisolid motions per day for the past 6 days. skiagram chest (pa view) revealed lung abscess in the left mid zone. there was no improvement, symptomatically and radiologically, after an empirical course of antibiotics (iv ampicillin and gentamycin). sputum, urine and stool cultures grew salmonella group e organisms sensitive only to cefotaxime. the patient was treated with iv cefotaxime and ... | 1994 | 7851953 |
| asymptomatic foodhandlers as the source of nosocomial salmonellosis. | a nosocomial outbreak of salmonellosis affected 22 patients and seven staff on 14 wards in two hospitals with shared catering facilities. the outbreak was characterized by a low level intermittent infection with salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 over a 19-day period. the epidemiology did not suggest a common source for the outbreak and there was little evidence for person-to-person spread. extensive food and environmental sampling failed to yield salmonella. control measures within the kitchen ... | 1994 | 7852733 |
| myonecrosis in the leg caused by salmonella enteritidis. | five weeks after an episode of gastroenteritis, a 65-year-old diabetic male developed an extensive myonecrosis, with gas production in the left leg caused by salmonella enteritidis. the patient was treated with surgical revision and antibiotics. to our knowledge, this is the first case of myonecrosis with gas production in a leg caused by salmonella enteritidis, in which the patient survived, and the limb was saved. | 1994 | 7855561 |
| [a splenic abscess due to salmonella enteritidis in a neutropenic patient treated with percutaneous drainage and antibiotic therapy]. | | 1994 | 7858094 |
| salmonella enteritidis phage types in germany. | in order to monitor the epidemiological situation of s. enteritidis in germany, in 1990-91 1138 isolates from more than 180 locations in west germany were phage typed. 1124 strains (98.8%) from all sources were typeable, belonging to 21 different phage types (pt). pt4 strains were isolated most frequently (70.8%). in addition, pt7, 25, 34 and 8 were of epidemiological relevance with incidences of 7.2 to 4.5%. the comparison of data shows that in germany, like in other parts of europe, pt4 predom ... | 1994 | 7859869 |
| update of lomefloxacin in vitro activity and spectrum. a multicenter trial testing contemporary pathogens following food and drug administration validation guidelines. lomefloxacin activity study group. | the united states food and drug administration recently recommended that the antimicrobial product package insert (ppi) subsection on microbiology be annually validated with regard to the compound's spectrum and potency. to address this request, a nine-laboratory trial was organized to test (two methods) lomefloxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, and nine comparison drugs against ppi-listed pathogens (1934 strains). a broad geographic sampling (nine medical centers) was achieved, and lomefloxacin wa ... | 1994 | 7867311 |
| the distribution of serotype-specific plasmids among different subgroups of strains of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis: characterization of molecular variants by restriction enzyme fragmentation patterns. | four hundred and thirty-four isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis were studied. they were grouped into five subsets defined by either the collection criteria or the parameter which formed the basis for subsequent analysis. seventy-seven per cent harboured the serotype-specific plasmid (ssp). in 55% of the isolates this was the sole plasmid. molecular variation in the ssp was detected in 17 (5%) of the isolates on the basis of restriction enzyme fragmentation pattern (refp) analys ... | 1995 | 7867741 |