| control of aquaporin 2 expression in collecting ducts of quail kidneys. | birds and mammals are the only vertebrates that can concentrate urine. avian kidneys contain structurally primitive loopless nephrons and also more advanced looped nephrons, in the cortical and medullary regions, respectively. we have identified the gene sequence of an aquaporin 2 (aqp2)-homologue water channel in collecting ducts of kidneys from adult quail, coturnix japonica. although immunoreactive quail aqp2 (qaqp2) was found in both types of nephrons, the expression is enhanced more clearly ... | 2009 | 19135443 |
| study of gabaa receptors on the sleep-like behavior in coturnix japonica (temminck schlegel, 1849) (galliformes: aves). | the present study was carried out to investigate the influence of gabaa signaling on sleep-like behaviors through systemic administration of bicuculline and picrotoxin (gabaa antagonists) and thiopental (an allosterical modulator). a thiopental (20 mg/kg) injection increased the eye closure frequency compared to the control group. the birds quickly became sleepy with a low frequency of early behavioral stages, such as rapid oral movement (rom), feather ruffling and blinking. a bicuculline admini ... | 2009 | 19066908 |
| pathological effects of sodium hypochlorite administration through drinking water in male japanese quails (coturnix japonica). | fifty male japanese quails of 40 days of age were divided into five equal groups viz. a, b, c, d, and e. drinking water supplemented with sodium hypochlorite at dose level of 0, 25, 50, 200, and 400 mg chlorine/l, respectively was offered for 6 weeks. at the end of week 6 when no clinical signs of toxicity of sodium hypochlorite appeared, the birds in groups b and c were shifted to 100 mg chlorine/l drinking water, and this level was increased fourfold (400, 1600, 6400 mg chlorine/l drinking wat ... | 2008 | 19042964 |
| molecular characterization of egg envelope glycoprotein zpd in the ovary of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the egg envelope surrounding avian oocytes exhibits a three-dimensional network of coarse fibers between the granulosa cells and the oocyte. our previous studies have demonstrated that one of the matrix's components, zp3, is synthesized in the ovarian granulosa cells. another component, zp1, which is critically involved in triggering the sperm acrosome reaction, is synthesized in the liver. we have previously isolated cdnas encoding quail zp3 and zp1, and we now report the isolation of cdna enco ... | 2009 | 19017723 |
| effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol on the reproductive toxicity in female japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | we previously showed that 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (4-nitro-m-cresol, pnmc), a component of diesel exhaust particles and a degradation product of the insecticide fenitrothion, has reproductive toxicity in adult male and immature female japanese quail (coturnix japonica). here we investigated effects of pnmc on the reproductive toxicity of mature female japanese quail. the experiment consists of 3 periods of pretreatment, treatment, and post-treatment for 5 d each. the birds were reared, bred natur ... | 2008 | 18981592 |
| japanese quail (coturnix japonica) as a laboratory animal model. | for the past 50 years, the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) has been a popular animal model in numerous fields of research. the quail's 16-d developmental period and its easily accessible embryo make c. japonica a convenient model for studies of developmental biology. because its lifespan is relatively short and its physiology is comparable to that of humans, the adult quail is useful for studies of aging and disease. the authors describe the japanese quail as an animal model and, drawing on t ... | 2008 | 18948991 |
| epigallocatechin-3-gallate supplementation can improve antioxidant status in stressed quail. | 1. heat stress causes oxidative stress, which decreases plasma antioxidants in poultry. epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), the most abundant polyphenol in green tea, is a powerful antioxidant against lipid peroxidation. this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary egcg supplementation on performance, carcase characteristics, concentrations of malondialdehyde, lipid peroxidation indicator, vitamins c, e, a, cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose in japanese quail (coturnix cotur ... | 2008 | 18836912 |
| developmental hyperoxia attenuates the hypoxic ventilatory response in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | early life experiences can influence development of the respiratory control system. we hypothesized that chronic hyperoxia (60% o(2)) during development would attenuate the hypoxic ventilatory response (hvr) of japanese quail (coturnix japonica), similar to the effects of developmental hyperoxia in mammals. quail were exposed to hyperoxia during prenatal development, during postnatal development, or during both prenatal and postnatal development (for approximately 2 or 4 weeks). hvr (11% o(2)) w ... | 2008 | 18824143 |
| selective activation of estrogen receptor alpha in japanese quail embryos affects reproductive organ differentiation but not the male sexual behavior or the parvocellular vasotocin system. | estradiol is crucial for normal female differentiation in birds. developmental effects of estrogen are believed to be mediated by slow genomic actions through the nuclear estrogen receptors alpha (eralpha) and/or beta (erbeta). consequently, exogenous compounds that interfere with the ers may disrupt sexual differentiation of the reproductive organs and of the brain areas controlling sexual behaviors. the present study was conducted to elucidate the role of eralpha in xenoestrogen-induced disrup ... | 2016 | 18805421 |
| the effect of cryopreservation process on morphology and fertilising ability of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) spermatozoa. | changes in the morphology and fertilising ability of japanese quail spermatozoa were studied after semen dilution, equilibration and freezing-thawing process in order to determine the optimal diluent, cryoprotectant and the freezing-thawing method. subsequent stages of quail semen cryopreservation caused significant decline in spermatozoa morphology and their ability to fertilise the ovum. semen dilution with lake's extender alone reduced the number of morphologically normal spermatozoa and decr ... | 2008 | 18754060 |
| thermoregulatory and metabolic responses of japanese quail to hypoxia. | common responses to hypoxia include decreased body temperature (tb) and decreased energy metabolism. in this study, the effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on tb and metabolic oxygen consumption (vo2) were investigated in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). when exposed to hypoxia (15, 13, 11 and 9% o2), tb decreased only at 11% and 9% o2 compared to normoxia; quail were better able to maintain tb during acute hypoxia after a one-week acclimation to 10% o2. vo2 also decreased during hypoxia, but ... | 2008 | 18727957 |
| effect of estrogen and its antagonist on the expression of arginine vasotocin (avt) and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3 in the shell gland of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | avian neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasotocin (avt) is known to regulate shell gland contractility during oviposition. while studying the role of estrogen in the expression and regulation of avt and its oxytocic-like receptor vt3, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, it was observed that the expression of avt and its receptor was not detected in the shell gland of sexually immature japanese quail. however, administration of estrogen to these birds not only stimulates the gro ... | 2008 | 18678266 |
| social context rather than behavioral output or winning modulates post-conflict testosterone responses in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | testosterone regulates the expression of sexual and aggressive behavior in male vertebrates and treatments with testosterone may promote territorial aggression and winning in dyadic contests. conversely, individual testosterone levels respond to sexual or aggressive interactions and the social environment. post-conflict testosterone in winner males though appears to be more complex than simply reflecting conflict outcome. expression and degree of post-conflict testosterone responses may adapt to ... | 2008 | 18675837 |
| [prenatal acoustic stimulation and feeding behavior of japanese quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica)]. | effects of a prenatal rhythmic tone on behavior of japanese quail chicks were studied on the next days after hatching. the acoustically stimulated chicks demonstrated a significantly more frequent following response, feeding reaction and comfortable behavior when hearing the tone as compared with their controls. bandwidths stimulating this or another behavior were determined. | 2008 | 18672521 |
| [effect of krypton-containing gas mixture on japanese quail embryo development]. | investigated were effects of gas mixture with up to 3.0 kgs/cm2 of krypton on the embryonic development of domesticated japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica dom.). results demonstrated absence of a serious krypton effect on japanese quail embryos. development of embryos proceeded in due course; morphometrically the experimental embryos were essentially similar to controls. it should be noted that despite exposure to acute hypoxic hypoxia during the initial 12 hours of development in the kr ... | 2013 | 18564569 |
| epoxiconazole causes changes in testicular histology and sperm production in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the fungicide epoxiconazole (epox), a triazole, belongs to the group of azole compounds that are extensively used as fungicides in various fruit crops. the frequent use of agricultural lands for wintering by migrating birds can be the source of their increased dietary intake of agricultural pesticides. we investigated whether exposure to epox causes effects on avian fertility and reproduction, using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) as a model species for the assessment of reproduc ... | 2008 | 18522476 |
| accurate visual memory of colors in controlling the pecking behavior of quail chicks. | animals are predisposed to memorize specific features of objects they encounter, and to link them with behavioral outputs in a selective manner. in this study, we examined whether chicks memorize objects by colors, and how they exploit the memorized color cues for selective pecking in 1- to 2-days-old quail chicks (coturnix japonica). ball-shaped beads painted in green (g), yellowish green (yg) and the intermediate color (ygg) were used. repetitive presentation of a bead (interval: 4.5 min) resu ... | 2000 | 18522458 |
| predisposed visual memory of shapes in quail chicks. | newly hatched chicks will spontaneously peck at conspicuous objects in their field of view, and soon learn to distinguish between edible food particles and unpleasant tasting objects. to examine whether the selective pecking is based on the ability to memorize shapes, we analyzed pecking behavior of 1- to 2-days-old quail chicks (coturnix japonica) by using ball- and triangle-shaped beads both painted in green. repeated presentation of dry bead (either ball or triangle) resulted in a progressive ... | 2000 | 18522457 |
| selective estrogen receptor alpha activation disrupts sex organ differentiation and induces expression of vitellogenin ii and very low-density apolipoprotein ii in japanese quail embryos. | the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) is a widely used model species for studying the roles of steroid hormones in avian sex differentiation. the aim of the present study was to elucidate the significance of estrogen receptors alpha and beta (eralpha and erbeta) in normal sex differentiation of the reproductive organs in the japanese quail and in xenoestrogen-induced disruption of reproductive organ differentiation. real-time pcr indicated that eralpha (esr1) mrna is expressed in both right and ... | 2008 | 18483074 |
| molecular aspects of avian oogenesis and fertilisation. | in this paper, we summarise studies which have been carried out on the metabolism of nucleic acids (maternal rna, dna, nucleolytic enzymes) in avian oocytes and embryos (japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica ) within the last 10 years in the institute of genetics and animal breeding of the polish academy of sciences. the accumulation of maternal rna in the quail oocyte during oogenesis is shown and discussed. several individual transcripts were identified in rna from the germinal disc and s ... | 2008 | 18311709 |
| effect of l-5-hydroxytryptophan on drinking behavior in coturnix japonica (temminck and schlegel, 1849) (galliformes: aves): involvement of renin-angiotensin system. | the purpose of this study was to explore the role of l-5-hydroxytryptophan (l-htp) and its relationship with the renin-angiotensin system (ras) on the drinking behavior in japanese quails. normally-hydrated quails that received injections of l-htp (12.5; 25 and 50 mg.kg-1) by the intracoelomic route (ic) expressed an increase in water intake, which was inhibited by captopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor. in addition, captopril also induced such a response in birds under prev ... | 2007 | 18278334 |
| the effects of tomato powder supplementation on performance and lipid peroxidation in quail. | recent studies have suggested a protective role for lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid, in the prevention of stress including environmental stress. tomatoes and tomato products are the major dietary source of lycopene. the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary tomato powder supplementation on the performance and lipid peroxidation of meat in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to a high ambient temperature of 34 degrees c. a total of 180 ten-day ... | 2008 | 18212370 |
| supplementation with organic or inorganic selenium in heat-distressed quail. | the present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (se; sodium selenite [na2seo3] or selenomethionine [se-met]) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, levels of malondialdehyde (mda), and se in serum and egg yolk in heat-stressed japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the birds (n = 360; 55 days old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of six replicates of five birds each in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatmen ... | 2008 | 18196210 |
| ultrastructure of pancreatic alpha and beta cells in young quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) fed aflatoxin. | the present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of aflatoxin (af) containing diets on alpha and beta cells of the endocrine pancreas in young quails by means of light and electron microscopy. a total of thirty quails were divided into 3 groups, each comprising 10 animals. total af was incorporated into the diet of these groups, at dosages of 0 (control, group 1), 2.5 (group 2), and 5.0 (group 3) mg af/kg feed. the chicks were housed in electrically heated battery cages and exposed ... | 2007 | 18181361 |
| association of a single-nucleotide substitution in tyrp1 with roux in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | we investigated tyrp1 as a candidate locus for the recessive, sex-linked roux (br(r)) phenotype in japanese quail. a screen of the entire coding sequence of tyrp1 in roux and wild-type quail revealed a non-synonymous t-to-c substitution in exon 3, leading to a phe282ser mutation. this was perfectly associated with plumage phenotype: all roux birds were homozygous for ser282. co-segregation of the phe282ser mutation with the roux phenotype was confirmed in three br(r)/br+ x br(r)/- backcrosses. w ... | 2007 | 18028514 |
| consequences of in ovo exposure to p,p'-dde on reproductive development and function in japanese quail. | this study was conduced to assess the effects of a one time embryonic exposure to p,p'-dde (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; dde) on the reproductive development and function in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). embryos were exposed at day one of incubation to either 20 or 40 microg dde or a sesame oil vehicle control (injection volume=20 microl). onset of puberty, gonadal histopathology, sperm motility, cloacal gland size, and male copulatory behavior were assessed in adults. dde accelerated ... | 2008 | 18021774 |
| secretion of inhibin in female japanese quails (coturnix japonica) from hatch to sexual maturity. | to clarify the cellular source and secretory pattern of inhibin in the japanese quail during follicular development, the plasma concentrations of immunoreactive (ir) inhibin were measured from 1 to 7 weeks after hatching. localization of the inhibin/activin alpha, beta a and beta b subunits was investigated by immunohistochemistry. to monitor development of the pituitary and ovarian functions, the plasma luteinizing hormone (lh) and progesterone concentrations were also measured. ovarian weight ... | 2008 | 17998775 |
| mechanism of chalaza formation in quail eggs. | the present study was conducted to determine the mechanism of chalaza formation in eggs of the japanese quail coturnix japonica and to determine the production site of chalaza materials in the oviduct. electrophoretic profiles of the chalaza materials showed six bands of 480, 320, 210, 180, 96, and 58 kda following coomassie blue staining and one band of 600 kda after immunoblotting. an antiserum was produced against the 180-kda band. this antiserum and an antiserum generated against the 600-kda ... | 2007 | 17938966 |
| possible role of calcium on oocyte development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection in quail (coturnix japonica). | although a rise in intracellular calcium concentration of vertebrate oocytes plays a pivotal role for the initiation of fertilization or oocyte activation, no study on this subject has been reported in birds. this study was conducted to study the role of intracellular calcium in relation to fertilization in avian oocytes. first, immediately after a quail oocyte was injected with a sperm, it was treated with strontium chloride as an inducer for intracellular calcium rise at doses of 0, 2.5, 5, 7. ... | 2007 | 17899613 |
| nocturnal plasma levels of melatonin in quails (coturnix japonica) injected with l-5-hydroxy-tryptophan. | this study aimed to demonstrate the influence of the systemic administration of l-5-hydroxy-tryptophan (l-htp) on the plasma levels of melatonin during the dark period in quails. throughout daylight, the plasma levels of melatonin did not differ significantly, oscillating between 110.2 +/- 15.8 pg.ml(-1) and 157.4 +/- 34.8 pg.ml(-1), from 8 to 16 hours. l-htp (25 mg.kg(-1), through the intracelomic route) administered at 18 hours lessened significantly the nocturnal increase of the plasma levels ... | 2007 | 17876450 |
| production of quail (coturnix japonica) germline chimeras derived from in vitro-cultured gonadal primordial germ cells. | a previous report from our laboratory documented successful production of quail (coturnix japonica) germline chimeras by transfer of gonadal primordial germ cells (gpgcs). subsequently, this study was designed to evaluate whether gpgcs can be maintained in vitro for extended period, and furthermore, these cultured pgcs can induce germline transmission after transfer into recipient embryos. in experiment 1, gonadal cells from the two strains (wild-type plumage (wp) and black (d) quail) were cultu ... | 2008 | 17874456 |
| learning effects on sperm competition and reproductive fitness. | learning and other common psychological processes presumably evolved because they contribute to reproductive fitness, but reproductive outcomes are rarely measured in psychology experiments. we examined the effects of pavlovian conditioning on reproductive fitness in a sperm-competition situation. typically, two males mating with the same female in immediate succession sire similar numbers of offspring. in a study with domesticated quail (coturnix japonica), we increased paternity success by pre ... | 2007 | 17760768 |
| aquaporin-2 water channel in developing quail kidney: possible role in programming adult fluid homeostasis. | avian kidneys have loopless and looped nephrons; a countercurrent multiplier mechanism operates in the latter by nacl recycling. we identified an aquaporin-2 (aqp2) homolog in apical/subapical regions of cortical and medullary collecting duct (cd) cells in kidneys of japanese quail (q), coturnix japonica. we investigated whether undernutrition during the embryonic/maturation period retards kidney and aqp2 development in quail and programs impaired volume regulation in adults. protocols included ... | 2007 | 17699563 |
| effects of corticosterone treatment on growth, development, and the corticosterone response to handling in young japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | corticosterone, a glucocorticoid secreted during stress responses, has a range of actions that help birds respond to stressors. although effects of corticosterone treatment have been described in several avian species, the impacts of defined increases in plasma corticosterone on early development and on corticosterone stress responses are little known. these issues were addressed by providing quail with different doses of corticosterone in drinking water from days 8 to 38 post-hatch. the cortico ... | 2007 | 17681843 |
| risk assessment of the organophosphate pesticides isazofos and pyraclofos using a 21-day dietary toxicity study in japanese quail. | six-week-old male and female japanese quails (coturnix japonica) received two organophosphate pesticides, isazofos and pyraclofos, for a 21-day dietary toxicity test, based on the oecd workshop report. during the treatment period, body weight and food consumption of the quail decreased with exposure to either isazofos or pyraclofos. using the up-and-down procedure to determine the 50% mortality value, we found that the 21-day lc(50) of isazofos and pyraclofos were 40 and 87 mg/kg body weight, re ... | 2008 | 17629558 |
| effect of photoperiod and estrogen on expression of arginine vasotocin and its oxytocic-like receptor in the shell gland of the japanese quail. | the avian neurohypophysial hormone arginine vasotocin (avt) is an important regulatory hormone involved in many physiological processes including fluid balance, blood pressure regulation, stress responses and reproductive events including oviposition. the mechanisms by which avt stimulates myometrial contraction during oviposition are not well established in birds. in the present study, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to localize avt and the oxytocin-like vt3 receptor in ... | 2007 | 17627858 |
| intensity and duration of corticosterone response to stressful situations in japanese quail divergently selected for tonic immobility. | two genotypes of japanese quail have been divergently selected since the 1980s for long (lti) or short (sti) duration of tonic immobility [mills, a.d., faure, j.m., 1991. divergent selection for duration of tonic immobility and social reinstatement behavior in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks. j. comp. psychol. 105(1), 25-38.], an unlearnt catatonic state characteristic of a behavioral fear response ([jones, r.b., 1986. the tonic immobility reaction of the domestic fowl: a revi ... | 2008 | 17586506 |
| the effect of soy isoflavones on egg quality and bone mineralisation during the late laying period of quail. | 1. soy isoflavones play a role in calcium and bone metabolism. poor egg quality, skeletal abnormalities and architectural deterioration of bone tissue are common problems under hot climate conditions and with increased age in poultry. 2. in this study, we investigated the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation on egg production, egg quality, bone mineral density (bmd), levels of osteocalcin (oc), vitamin d, calcium (ca), phosphorus (p) and alkaline phosphatase (alp) activity in quail (coturni ... | 2007 | 17578700 |
| asymmetry of visually guided sexual behaviour in adult japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | sexually active adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were trained to run across either a left- or a right-turning runway to obtain sexual access to a conspecific of the opposite sex. the birds tested with only their right eye in use showed significantly higher latencies to complete the runway task than the birds tested binocularly and those using the left eye. in all of the three experimental conditions, male birds were significantly faster than their female counterparts. generally, ... | 2007 | 17558814 |
| correlation of nitric oxide (no) activity and gonadal function in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica following temporal phase relation of serotonergic and dopaminergic oscillations. | nitric oxide (no), a highly reactive and short-lived radical, is considered to be an important trigger molecule for several physiological mechanisms including gonadotrophin releasing hormone (gnrh) secretion in mammals, although there is no such information in avian literature. on the other hand, specific temporal phase relation of circadian neural (serotonergic and dopaminergic) oscillations is reported to modulate reproductive activity in many avian species including japanese quail. the presen ... | 2008 | 17512145 |
| behavioral and neuropharmacological evidence that serotonin crosses the blood-brain barrier in coturnix japonica (galliformes; aves). | this study was carried out aiming to reach behavioral and neuropharmacological evidence of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (bbb) to serotonin systemically administered in quails. serotonin injected by a parenteral route (250-1000 microg x kg(-1), sc) elicited a sequence of behavioral events concerned with a sleeping-like state. sleeping-like behaviors began with feather bristling, rapid oral movements, blinking and finally crouching and closure of the eyes. previous administration of ... | 2007 | 17505765 |
| expression of cell-cycle-regulating genes in the development of atherosclerosis in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the levels of mrna expression in regulatory genes that are involved in the pathological changes of aortic atherosclerotic and fibroblastic intimal thickening was investigated in japanese quail. the quail were divided into a control diet group and an atherogenic diet group. the quail were euthanized at 2, 4, 8, and 12 wk after consuming either a control diet or an atherogenic diet. thereafter, both histological and immunohistochemical studies and mrna expression analysis of the cell-cycle-regulat ... | 2007 | 17495088 |
| the effects of experimental aflatoxicosis on the exocrine pancreas in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of aflatoxin (af) on the exocrine pancreas in quails by means of light and electron microscopy. a total of 30 quails were divided into three groups, each composed of ten animals. total af was incorporated into the diet of these groups, at doses of 0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg of af/kg feed, ppm, respectively. the quails were raised in cages with electrical heating and 24-h lighting for a period of 3 weeks. ad libitum access was provided to fee ... | 2007 | 17486318 |
| evaluation of eight microsatellite loci polymorphism in four japanese quail (coturnix japonica) strain in iran. | allele frequencies of eight microsatellite loci as guj0001, guj0021, guj0034, guj0041, guj0049, guj0059, guj0070 and guj0097 was estimated for four strain of japanese quail in iran. whole blood samples were collected from 200 individuals belonging to four strain (pharach, panda, tuxedo and golden).total genomic dna was extracted by the gusn-silica gel kit. the extracted dna was amplified through polymerase chain reaction (pcr). of the eight microsatellite loci used in this study, two loci ( guj0 ... | 2007 | 19069916 |
| a light and electron microscopic study of the limb long bones perichondral ossification in the quail embryo (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the perichondral ossification of the limb long bones in the quail embryo is investigated, in this study, by means of light and electron microscopy. longitudinal sections of the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia and fibula stained with haematoxylin-eosin were examined by the light microscope. ultrathin cross sections were selected for the electron microscope as well. light microscopic analysis showed that the ossification began at the same time in the long bones of the wing and leg. at the embr ... | 2007 | 17312922 |
| neuroanatomical specificity of sex differences in expression of aromatase mrna in the quail brain. | in birds and mammals, aromatase activity in the preoptic-hypothalamic region (hpoa) is usually higher in males than in females. it is, however, not known whether the enzymatic sex difference reflects the differential activation of aromatase transcription or some other control mechanism. although sex differences in aromatase activity are clearly documented in the hpoa of japanese quail (coturnix japonica), only minimal or even no differences at all were observed in the number of aromatase-immunor ... | 2007 | 17270396 |
| laterality in syrinx muscle morphology of the japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in the japanese quail, normally only males crow, but treatment of adult females with testosterone (t) facilitates the behavior. the sternotrachealis muscles are thought to adjust the length of the trachea during inspiration and/or expiration and control rigidity of the cartilages of the vocal organ (syrinx) during phonation. these muscles are heavier in males than females, and t increases their mass in females [balthazart j, schumacher m, otttinger ma. sexual differences in the japanese quail: b ... | 2007 | 17258241 |
| induction of sperm acrosome reaction by perivitelline membrane glycoprotein zp1 in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the extracellular matrix surrounding avian oocytes, called the perivitelline membrane (pl), consists of at least two major glycoproteins, zp3 and zp1. our previous study using japanese quail had demonstrated that the pl obtained from the preovulatory follicles was incubated in vitro with spermatozoa, and perforations were observed. this result indicated that the pl might contain a constituent that possesses activity to initiate the acrosome reaction (ar) in quail. in order to elaborate upon our ... | 2007 | 17244731 |
| carbohydrate characterization of quail primordial germ cells during migration and gonadal differentiation. | a selection of lectins were used to study changes in the distribution of sugar residues in primordial germ cells (pgcs) during gonadal colonization and differentiation. although the cytochemical characteristics of pgcs have been described in the chick, little is known about such characteristics in other avian species of interest to experimental biology. therefore, we studied embryos of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) by light and laser confocal scanning microscopy, using the qh1 anti ... | 2007 | 17229287 |
| effects of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol in diesel exhaust particles on the regulation of reproductive function in immature female japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | in a previous study, we found that 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (pnmc), a component of diesel exhaust particles and also a degradation product of the insecticide fenitrothion, exhibits reproductive toxicity in the adult male japanese quail. the present study investigated the toxicity of pnmc in the female japanese quail and its ability to influence reproduction in immature females. the quail (21-day-old) were injected intramuscularly (im) with pnmc at doses 0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg body weight daily for 3 d ... | 2007 | 17202750 |
| vertebrate and invertebrate carotenoid-binding proteins. | in invertebrates and vertebrates, carotenoids are ubiquitous colorants, antioxidants, and provitamin a compounds that must be absorbed from dietary sources and transported to target tissues where they are taken up and stabilized to perform their physiological functions. these processes occur in a specific and regulated manner mediated by high-affinity carotenoid-binding proteins. in this mini-review, we examine the published literature on carotenoid-binding proteins in vertebrate and invertebrat ... | 2007 | 17188641 |
| sensitivity of expression of perivitelline membrane glycoprotein zp1 mrna in the liver of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) to estrogenic compounds. | avian perivitelline membrane protein, zp1, is synthesized and secreted by the liver with the stimulation of estrogens. in the present study, we measured the expression of zp1 gene in the liver of immature male quail treated with various estrogenic compounds and in the liver of male quail embryos that were developed in the fertilized eggs laid by mother quail injected with various estrogenic compounds during vitellogenesis. total rna extracted from the liver was reverse-transcribed and cdna was s ... | 2007 | 17188579 |
| sex differences in projections from preoptic area aromatase cells to the periaqueductal gray in japanese quail. | in many vertebrate species the medial preoptic area projects to a premotor nucleus, the periaqueductal central gray (pag). this connection plays an important role in the control of reproductive behavior. in male japanese quail (coturnix japonica) specifically, the medial preoptic nucleus (pom), where various types of sensory inputs converge, is a critical site for the activational action of testosterone on male sexual behavior. to activate male copulatory behavior, testosterone must be aromatize ... | 2007 | 17177261 |
| no sex difference in yolk steroid concentrations of avian eggs at laying. | yolk steroids of maternal origin have been proposed to influence genetic sex determination in birds, based on sex differences in yolk steroid concentrations of peafowl eggs incubated for 10 days. more recent reports dispute this proposal, as yolk steroids in eggs incubated for 3 days do not show such sex differences. to date, research examining this phenomenon has only analysed incubated eggs, although sex in avian species is determined before incubation begins. this may be a serious methodologi ... | 2005 | 17148197 |
| effects of enclosure size on sexual behavior of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the authors determined whether results of experiments on copulatory and affiliative behavior of pairs of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) conducted in a closely confining apparatus would predict behavior in a large enclosure in which female quail could avoid contact with male quail. as found previously in studies of closely confined quail, in a large enclosure containing numerous barriers, both unmated female quail and mated female quail laying unfertilized eggs were more likely to remain near ... | 2006 | 17115865 |
| sexual fetishism in a quail (coturnix japonica) model system: test of reproductive success. | in the present study, the authors explored the reproductive consequences of fetishistic behavior in a previously developed animal model of sexual fetishism (f. köksal et al., 2004). male domesticated quail (coturnix japonica) received sexual conditioning trials in which a terrycloth object (the conditioned stimulus [cs]) was paired with the opportunity to copulate with a female quail (the unconditioned stimulus). approximately half of the male quail came to copulate with the cs object and were c ... | 2006 | 17115864 |
| reproductive aging in japanese quail, coturnix japonica is associated with changes in central opioid receptors. | quantitative in vitro autoradiography was used to measure specific mu and delta opioid receptor densities in regions of the japanese quail, coturnix japonica, brain that regulates reproductive endocrine and behavioral responses to determine the possible involvement of the opioid system in reproductive decline seen during aging. densities were measured in selected brain regions of young sexually active (yam), young photoregressed (ypm), old reproductively senescent (oim) male, young active (yf), ... | 2006 | 17045975 |
| gross morphological features of the lung and air sac in the japanese quail. | this study was conducted to reveal the morphological characteristics of the lung and air sacs in coturnix coturnix japonica (japanese quails). ten quails were allocated into two groups. tracheas of 5 quails with neoprene latex and 5 quails with methylmetacrylate were injected to fill the trachea and air sacs. latex embalmed animals were stored in 10% formaldehyde solution for two months. animals given methylmetacrylate were maserated in 30% potassium hydroxide at 40 degrees c for two days. lungs ... | 2006 | 17019058 |
| reproductive toxicity of trenbolone acetate in embryonically exposed japanese quail. | this study was conducted to assess the effects of a one time embryonic exposure to trenbolone acetate on reproductive development and function in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). embryos were exposed to either 0.05, 0.5, 5, or 50microg trenbolone or a sesame oil vehicle control at embryonic day 4. onset of puberty, gonadal histopathology, sperm motility, cloacal gland size, and male copulatory behavior were assessed in adults. trenbolone delayed onset of puberty in males, inhibited cloacal gl ... | 2007 | 16989888 |
| zona pellucida domain of zpb1 controls specific binding of zpb1 and zpc in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the extracellular matrix surrounding avian oocytes, referred to as the perivitelline membrane (pl), exhibits a three-dimensional network of fibrils between granulosa cells and the oocyte. we previously reported that one of its components, zpc, is synthesized in granulosa cells that are specifically incorporated into the pl; this incorporation might be mediated by a specific interaction with zpb1, another pl constituent, which is synthesized in the liver. in order to extend our previous findings, ... | 2006 | 16974094 |
| effects of diethylstilbestrol and ethinylestradiol on gene transcription of very low-density apolipoprotein ii in the liver of japanese quail, coturnix japonica. | very low-density apolipoprotein ii (apovldl) is one of the constituents of yolk in avian eggs. the expression of the apovldl gene is highly specific to the liver in mature female birds during the egg-laying period but is stimulated by exogenous estrogens in immature male birds. in the present study, we compared the effects of two estrogenic compounds, diethylstilbestrol and ethinylestradiol, on the expression of apovldl mrna in the liver of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). three-week-old, imm ... | 2006 | 16704069 |
| supplementation of the maternal diet with tomato powder and marigold extract: effects on the antioxidant system of the developing quail. | the effects of natural dietary carotenoid supplementation of the maternal diet (tomato powder and marigold extract) on transfer to the egg yolk and on the development of the antioxidant system of the young quail liver in early postnatal life were investigated. sixty japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were allocated to four treatment groups, each with three replicates consisting of four females and one male each. the quail were fed on one of four different diets for 23 d, each of them ba ... | 2006 | 16641031 |
| experimental evidence that corticosterone affects offspring sex ratios in quail. | recent studies have shown that some species of birds have a remarkable degree of control over the sex ratio of offspring they produce. however, the mechanism by which they achieve this feat is unknown. hormones circulating in the breeding female are particularly sensitive to environmental perturbations, and so could provide a mechanism for her to bias the sex ratio of her offspring in favour of the sex that would derive greatest benefit from the prevailing environmental conditions. here, we pres ... | 2006 | 16600886 |
| dietary arginine silicate inositol complex improves bone mineralization in quail. | skeletal abnormalities, low bone mass, bone deformities, and bone fractures increase the risk of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, which are of concern from both a public standpoint and a cost-of-care burden standpoint. arginine silicate inositol complex (asi; arg = 49.47%, silicone = 8.2%, inositol = 25%) is a novel, bioavailable source of si and arg and one that offers potential benefits for vascular and bone health. skeletal abnormalities and architectural deterioration of bone tissue are comm ... | 2006 | 16553280 |
| influence of 5-ht1a agonist on the feeding behavior of coturnix japonica (galliformes: aves). | in this study, we investigate the effect of serotonin receptor 5-ht1a stimulation on the feeding behavior of quails (coturnix japonica). the administration of 5-ht1a agonist, 8-oh-dpat (0.05 to 5.0 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited the food intake in normally fed quails. greater inhibition was attained with 5.0 mg/kg (0.93 +/- 0.21 g vs. 5.83 +/- 0.25 g, p < 0.05, 2 h after food offer). a comparable response was obtained from previously fasted quails. at end of 2 h, a higher dose of 8-oh-dpat in ... | 2005 | 16532192 |
| influence of serotonergic transmission and postsynaptic 5-ht2c action on the feeding behavior of coturnix japonica (galliformes: aves). | we investigated the role of 5-ht2c receptors and serotonergic transmission in the feeding behavior control of quails. administration of serotonin releaser, fenfluramine (fen) and 5-ht2c agonists, mcpp and mk212, 1.0 and 3.3 mg/kg induced significant inhibition of food intake in previously fasted fowls (0.71 +/- 0.18 g and 0.47 +/- 0.2 g; 0.49 +/- 0.22 g and 0.48 +/- 0.29 g; 0.82 +/- 0.13 g and 0.71 +/- 0.16 g, respectively). control groups ranged from 2.89 +/- 0.21 g to 2.97 +/- 0.22 g, 60 min a ... | 2005 | 16532182 |
| sperm-egg interaction is mediated by a sperm-associated body in quail. | the present study describes the holes in the inner vitelline membrane of fertile eggs of the quail coturnix japonica, which remain after the spermatozoa pass through. it was shown that the light-microscopically observable 'holes' correspond mostly to electron-microscopically defined 'disks', and, to a lesser extent (about 5%), real holes. immunofluorescent staining of the vitelline membranes with an antiquail zpc antiserum was used to discriminate the holes from the disks light-microscopically. ... | 2006 | 16466391 |
| sex differences in the organizational effects of corticosterone in the egg yolk of quail. | previously, we found that experimentally elevated plasma corticosterone was transferred to egg yolk by female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), and that the chicks hatched from these eggs grew more slowly than controls and had higher responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis as adults. here, we tested whether exposure to high yolk corticosterone was responsible for the slowed growth and elevated hpa responsiveness by manipulating the steroid content of eggs direc ... | 2006 | 16430891 |
| female japanese quail (coturnix japonica) mated with males that harassed them are unlikely to lay fertilized eggs. | results of previous studies of courtship and mating in japanese quail (coturnix japonica) suggest that females avoid conspecific males because, while courting and mating, males engage in behaviors that are potentially injurious to females. however, prior experiments provided no direct evidence that females avoided harassing males. here the authors show that a female quail choosing between a previous sex partner and an unfamiliar male avoids the former if he engaged in relatively many potentially ... | 2005 | 16366777 |
| avian immunosenescence. | immunosenescence, the aging of the immune system, is well studied in humans. mammalian immune systems become less capable of fighting pathogens and individuals become more susceptible to infection and cancer in their elder years. little is currently published on avian immunosenescence even though avian immune function has been well characterized and birds have been critical models in the study of immunology. the value of birds in the study of aging has been well established. evidence demonstrate ... | 2005 | 23598661 |
| effects of methyltestosterone on reproduction in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | although the hormone-mediated effects of the synthetic androgenic hormone methyltestosterone (mt) are well characterized in mammals, little is known about endocrine and other toxic effects on reproduction in birds. in a one-generation study, mt was administered to adult japanese quail (12 pairs per group) at dietary dose levels of 0, 10, 50, and 110 ppm for a period of 3 weeks. reproductive performance was severely affected in the groups receiving 50 and 110 ppm mt. in females, the egg-laying ra ... | 2005 | 16307974 |
| japanese quail selected for high plasma corticosterone response deposit high levels of corticosterone in their eggs. | poor habitat quality or body condition often correlates with high responsiveness of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis rather than with elevated baseline levels of glucocorticoids. we hypothesized that, for egg-laying vertebrates, high responsiveness of the hpa axis would correspond to high concentrations of corticosterone in yolk. we tested the prediction that japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected for high plasma corticosterone response to brief immobilization (hs quail ... | 2013 | 16228941 |
| role of nitric oxide in ovarian follicular development and egg production in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | role of nitric oxide (no) in regulating the reproductive functions at hypothalamo-hypophysealovarian axis in japanese quail was studied. in first experiment, metabolites of no, i.e. nitrite and nitrate (no2 and no3) were estimated together in hypothalamus, serum and ovarian follicles of good and poor layers. in the second experiment, different no modulators such as l-arginine (l-arg), sodium nitroprusside (snp) and n(g)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, hcl (l-name) were administered to the birds. ... | 2006 | 16221486 |
| effects of ethanol on brain and pancreas weights, serum sodium and potassium, and haematological parameters in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | poultry farmers in pakistan use ethanol for treatment of respiratory diseases and as a growth promotant, but the effects on health and production of broilers are unknown. the effects of ethanol were investigated in quail at different doses through drinking water. one hundred and twenty japanese quail of 39 days of age were purchased from a local market. they were divided randomly into five groups of 24 (groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) and offered ethanol at dose rates 2%, 4%, 8% and 16%, respectively, ... | 2005 | 16191688 |
| the effect of dma level on morphology and fertilising ability of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) spermatozoa. | the effect of different levels (2, 4 or 6%) of dma (dimethylacetamide) on the morphology and fertilising ability of unfrozen quail spermatozoa was evaluated. semen was collected from 72 males kept individually in cages and randomly divided into four groups: group i--control -- fresh undiluted semen (12 males) and three experimental groups (20 males each) - semen diluted 1:1 with lake's extender and supplemented with 2% (group ii), 4% (group iii) or 6% (group iv) of dma (final concentration). spe ... | 2006 | 16188306 |
| a genome scan with aflp markers to detect fearfulness-related qtls in japanese quail. | a quantitative trait loci (qtl) study was undertaken to identify genome regions involved in the control of fearfulness in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). an f2 cross was made between two quail lines divergently selected over 29 generations on duration of tonic immobility (dti), a catatonic-like state of reduced responsiveness to a stressful stimulation. a total of 1065 animals were measured for the logarithm of dti (logti), the number of inductions (ni) necessary to induce the immobility rea ... | 2005 | 16167983 |
| pathological effects of formalin (37% formaldehyde) feeding in female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the aim of this study was to determine the pathological effects of formalin on female quails. seventy-five 1-day-old female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonina) were divided into five equal groups (a-e) and fed formalin daily at dose levels of 20, 10, 5, 2.5 and 0 ml/ kg feed, respectively. all birds were slaughtered at the end of the experiment -- the eighth week. no clinical signs were observed in quails fed 2.5 ml formalin/kg feed. depression, dullness and anorexia were prominent in q ... | 2005 | 16138733 |
| eggs of a female japanese quail are more likely to be fertilized by a male that she prefers. | male japanese quail (coturnix japonica) that conspecific females preferred in a 10-min, forced-choice test of affiliative preference were more likely than were males not preferred in such a test to fertilize females' eggs when subsequently mated with them, although preferred and nonpreferred males mated equally often with females. further, the probability that a nonpreferred male would fertilize a female's eggs was significantly increased if she watched while he courted and mated with another fe ... | 2005 | 16131254 |
| effects of dietary combination of chromium and biotin on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and oxidative stress markers in heat-distressed japanese quail. | environmental stress causes adverse effects in performance and antioxidant status of poultry. dietary chromium supplementation promotes the growth rate and feed efficiency of growing poultry and these beneficial effects of chromium appear to be greater under stress. biotin, a member of the vitamin b complex, is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. in a previous experiment, we examined the effects of chromium picolinate (crpic) as a chromium source in birds subjected t ... | 2005 | 16116248 |
| evidence indicating participation of the serotonergic system in controlling feeding behavior in coturnix japonica (galliformes: aves). | we investigated participation of the brain serotonergic system in food intake control by using oral and systemic administration of serotonin precursors in quails (coturnix japonica). dietary supplemental tryptophan (0.1-50.0 g/kg) provoked a dose-dependent inhibition of food intake during a 5-h observation period, which persisted up to 24 h for doses of 30.0 and 50.0 g/kg. normally fed and fasted animals treated with hydroxytryptophan (12.5-50.0 mg/kg) by the intracoelomic route showed an acute ... | 2005 | 16097739 |
| pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | | 2005 | 16050821 |
| vitellogenin detection and chick pathology are useful endpoints to evaluate endocrine-disrupting effects in avian one-generation reproduction study. | to investigate additional endpoints for screening of endocrine disruptors in birds, effects of 17beta-estradiol (e2) on one-generation reproduction in the japanese quail (coturnix japonica) were assessed. pairs of the 10-week-old japanese quail were fed a low-phytoestrogen diet containing e2 at 0 (control), 10, 100, and 1,000 ppm for six weeks. in the e2 100- and 1,000-ppm groups, the parental quail represented marked toxic changes including high mortality, decreased food consumption, decreased ... | 2005 | 16050582 |
| administration of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin to japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): dose response over seven days and comparison of delivery by daily injection or osmotic pump. | this study is part of a research programme that aims to develop a method of hormone treatment to stimulate breeding in female birds. the aims of this study were to compare dose rates and two different delivery methods, daily injection or osmotic pump, for hormone treatment of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (pmsg). | 2002 | 16032222 |
| cloning of a quail homologue of hatching enzyme: its conserved function and additional function in egg envelope digestion. | the aim of the present study was to reveal molecular entities participating in the digestion of the egg envelope in the japanese quail, coturnix japonica. we isolated a 1,510-bp cdna from extraembryonic tissues of developing embryos and designated it quail hatching enzyme (qhe) cdna. the qhe cdna was found to code a protein molecule comprising an astacin protease domain in the n-terminal half and a complement subcomponents c1r/c1s, uegf, bmp1 (cub) domain in the c-terminal half. a phylogenetic a ... | 2005 | 16003522 |
| effects of dietary administration of cl-20 on japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, or cl-20, is an emerging highly energetic compound currently under consideration for military applications. with the anticipated wide use of cl-20, there is the potential for soil and groundwater contamination resulting in adverse toxicologic effects on environmental receptors. presently, there is a lack of data describing the toxic effects of cl-20 on avian species. the present study describes the effect of cl-20 on japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) modi ... | 2005 | 16001151 |
| magnesium proteinate is more protective than magnesium oxide in heat-stressed quail. | we evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with mg-oxide and mg-proteinate on performance; nutrient digestibilities; malondialdehyde (mda) concentrations in serum, liver, and thigh meat; and serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature. the birds (n = 360; 10 d old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of 6 replicates of 5 birds each in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement (temper ... | 2005 | 15987857 |
| supplementation of zinc from organic or inorganic source improves performance and antioxidant status of heat-distressed quail. | two sources of zinc [znso4.h2o or znpicolinate (znpic)] supplementation were evaluated for their effects on performance, carcass weight, levels of malondialdehyde, and vitamins c, e, a in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature of 34 degrees c. the birds (n = 360; 10-d-old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of 3 replicates of 10 birds each in a 2 x 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments (temperatures, zinc sources, zinc levels). b ... | 2005 | 15971524 |
| carry over (transfer) of feed-borne acrylamide into eggs, muscle, serum, and faeces - a pilot study with japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | two groups of 10 quails each were fed for 30 days on a diet containing either 663 microg feed-borne acrylamide (aa)/kg feed (group b) or 2472 microg aa/kg feed (group c) respectively. the concentrations of aa present in excreta and eggs were compared with those measured in eggs and excreta obtained from a control group (group a) fed on a diet low in aa (<10 microg/kg). the results clearly showed that the eggs of quails in group c contained approximately 53-112 microg aa/kg based on dry weight, w ... | 2013 | 15787975 |
| idiopathic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the renal tubular epithelia of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | we report idiopathic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the renal tubular epithelia of two cases of among the 960 japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) in the course of the acute oral toxicity and dietary toxicity test. basophilic inclusion bodies were seen only in the nuclei of renal tubular epithelia. we could not classify our case into any adenovirus infection by clinical signs and lesions. the inclusion bodies were only identified as adenovirus-like particles based upon the electronmicro ... | 2005 | 15785127 |
| reassessment of ecotoxicities of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane in japanese quail under the oecd draft new avian one-generation reproduction test guideline. | ecotoxicological hazards of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-ddt) were investigated by a one-generation reproduction study using japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) under an organization for economic co-operation and development (oecd) draft new test guideline 206 following acute and subchronic toxicity studies. in the subchronic feeding toxicity study, tremors, convulsions, and deaths were observed with a clear sex difference, males being more susceptible than females ... | 2005 | 15748794 |
| avoidance of relatively aggressive male japanese quail (coturnix japonica) by sexually experienced conspecific females. | sexually experienced female japanese quail (coturnix japonica) that are offered a choice between 2 conspecific males previously observed engaging in an aggressive encounter prefer to affiliate with the less aggressive male. the authors determined whether this apparent preference for less aggressive males results from females approaching less aggressive individuals or avoiding more aggressive individuals. the authors found that females that had seen 2 males fight before choosing, in counterbalanc ... | 2005 | 15740424 |
| the effect of genistein supplementation on performance and antioxidant status of japanese quail under heat stress. | genistein, a phytoestrogen found in soybeans, is a powerful antioxidant. we evaluated the effects of genistein supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, levels of malondialdehyde (mda), homocysteine, vitamins c, e, a in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to high ambient temperature of 34 degrees c. two hundred and forty japanese quails (10 d old) were randomly assigned to eight treatment groups consisting of 10 replicates of three birds. the birds were kept in an ... | 2004 | 15732579 |
| inter-individual variability during morning choruses in japanese quail males (coturnix coturnix japonica). | we compared the organization of dawn choruses in five groups of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, males (four groups of kin-related males and one group of unrelated males). we documented the structure of chorus groups: one male sang much more than the others during the dawn peak in four of the five groups, and this regardless of the number of males in the group. the dominant singers were then removed from two similar-sized groups, one of kin-related (k3) and the other of unrelated (nk) ... | 2005 | 15714884 |
| influence of dietary culture material containing aflatoxin and t(2) toxin on certain serum biochemical constituents in japanese quail. | forty newly hatched unsexed japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks were fed diets containing 3 ppm aflatoxin (af) and 4 ppm t(2) toxin either singly and in combination for 35 days. sera samples were collected from six birds in each group at the end of the trial to study the effect of certain serum biochemical parameters. highly significant (p < 0.01) differences were observed for serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol, aspartate transaminase (ast), alanine trans ... | 2004 | 15702271 |
| enhanced yolk testosterone influences behavioral phenotype independent of sex in japanese quail chicks coturnix japonica. | studies have demonstrated an effect of yolk testosterone levels on the physiology and behavior of nestling birds. in order to investigate this phenomenon experimentally in a precocial bird, we enhanced yolk testosterone, but within the physiological range, by injecting 50 ng testosterone in ethanol into japanese quail coturnix japonica eggs prior to incubation. the chicks hatching from these as well as from control eggs that had received the carrier-only or were left unmanipulated were subject t ... | 2005 | 15664022 |
| production of quail (coturnix japonica) germline chimeras by transfer of gonadal primordial germ cells into recipient embryos. | the possibility of producing quail germline chimeras by the transfer of gonadal primordial germ cells (gpgcs) into recipient embryos was investigated. japanese quail of the black (d: homozygous for the autosomal incomplete dominant gene d) and wild-type plumage (wp: d+/d+) strains were used as donors and recipients, respectively. gonadal cells were retrieved from the gonads of 5-day-old d embryos, and gpgcs were enriched by magnetism-activated cell sorting. fresh (noncultured) gpgcs or those iso ... | 2005 | 15629796 |
| the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine in a pavlovian sexual approach paradigm in male japanese quail. | two groups of male japanese quail (coturnix japonica) were trained [corrected] to discriminate cocaine from saline in a conditioned approach procedure maintained by sexual reinforcement. for 1 group, cocaine (10 mg/kg ip) was administered prior to a conditioned stimulus (cs) that predicted copulation; saline followed by a cs predicted no copulation. a second group underwent the opposite training regimen. results revealed apparent between-group differences in the rates of acquisition of the discr ... | 2004 | 15571440 |
| electrophysiological and neurochemical characterization of neurons of the medial preoptic area in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | intracellular recordings of medial preoptic neurons demonstrated that most neurons show a spontaneous firing, a linear i-v relationship and low-threshold-like events suppressed by the application of ni2+. some neurons had a depolarizing sag of the membrane potential in response to hyperpolarizing current pulses. the majority of the cells exhibited a robust spontaneous synaptic activity suppressed by sr95531 (100 microm), a gabaa receptor antagonist, and/or by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ... | 2004 | 15542078 |
| isolation and characterization of four vip-related peptides from red-bellied newt, cynops pyrrhogaster. | four novel bioactive peptides were isolated from the red-bellied newt, cynops pyrrhogaster, using a bioassay system monitoring the rectum contraction of the japanese quail, coturnix japonica. as these peptides are structurally related to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip), we termed these peptides newt vip-related peptides 1, 2, 3, and 4 (nvrp-1, -2, -3, and -4). the primary sequences of these peptides were determined to be hsdavftdnysrllgktalknyldgalkke (nvrp-1), hsdavftdnysrllaktalknyldga ... | 2004 | 15518909 |
| possible involvement of a sperm-associated body in the process of fertilization in quail. | the present paper describes a novel structure, termed the sperm-associated body, which is found both in the lumen at the oviductal infundibulum and in the vitelline membrane of the ovum in the quail coturnix japonica. the fully developed sperm-associated body, which is about 100 microm long, consisted of two parts; a core of concentric-circular appearance and a cortex of needle-like projections. the outer surface of the body was coated with caco3. the body was always accompanied by spermatozoa. ... | 2004 | 15333998 |