| [effectiveness of a combined live mumps-measles vaccine]. | the reactogenic and areactogenic properties of a live combined mumps-measles vaccine (mmv) prepared in primary cultures of japanese quail embryo cells from attenuated strains of mumps (l-3) and measles (l-16) viruses were under study. the observations involved 648 infants varying in ages from 1 to 3 years, seronegative to measles and mumps viruses, without the history of the disease and vaccinations against these infections or contraindications to vaccinations. the infants were vaccinated with 5 ... | 1987 | 3445589 |
| [characteristics of the immune response of children in the arctic to live measles vaccine]. | the intensity of immune response to live measles vaccine varies in children living in different climatic and geographical regions. the least intensive immunogenesis is registered in children living in the arctic regions. the level of seroconversion in children living in these regions rises in response to measles vaccine containing a 10-fold amount of the virus per immunization dose. | 1987 | 3445731 |
| measles immunity in children: the 1985 national immunisation survey. | in april 1985 a national immunisation survey was conducted, in the course of which blood samples were collected from approximately 3000 randomly selected children throughout the country. the study sample comprised approximately 1000 new school entrants, 1000 standard three pupils, and 1000 form four students. the sera were tested for morbilli antibody using an elisa technique. twenty-one percent of the five year olds lacked antibody, suggesting that an overall immunisation rate of about 80% is b ... | 1987 | 3451090 |
| is the immune response to canine morbillivirus in multiple sclerosis a reflex of the measles pre-existing immunity? | | 1987 | 3452869 |
| seroconversion following measles immunisation. | | 1987 | 3454353 |
| rapid degradation restricts measles virus matrix protein expression in a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis cell line. | measles virus matrix protein expression is restricted in the persistently infected brain cells of patients with the chronic neurological disease subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). prior studies of the nature of this restriction have identified polyadenylylated matrix gene-encoded rna transcripts unable to direct effective translation. the defective nature of these mrnas readily accounted for the inability to detect matrix protein in these persistently infected cells and suggested that i ... | 1986 | 3464005 |
| spontaneous natural killer cell activity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. | endogenous nk activity was measured in all patients and compared with child and adult control values. all children undergoing maintenance chemotherapy showed significantly lower nk activity than control groups; however, patients off treatment and in remission expressed cytotoxicity within the normal range of the control groups. the expression of the hnk-1 marker in the all children was not significantly different from child controls, although all patients failed to show the same correlation betw ... | 1987 | 3479331 |
| viruses disrupt functions of human lymphocytes. ii. measles virus suppresses antibody production by acting on b lymphocytes. | measles virus infection is associated with suppression of immune functions both in vivo and in vitro. the virus infects t lymphocytes, b lymphocytes, and monocytes, but does not produce cytolysis. one consequence of infection in vitro is the failure of t and b lymphocyte mixtures to cooperate in secreting ig in a pwm-driven system. here we report that this defect in ig secretion resides in the infected b lymphocyte, but not in the t lymphocyte or monocyte. further, nk cells are not involved, sin ... | 1986 | 3486248 |
| immune functions in healthy blood donors with hla-dw2 and -dw3 antigens. | we compared healthy blood donors with and without hla-dw2 and -dw3 in immunity assays, the results of which have been found to be abnormal in multiple sclerosis or autoimmune diseases. tests included lymphocyte blast transformation responses to rubella, mumps and purified tuberculin (ppd), in vitro production of igg and interferons, natural killer (nk) cell function and measurement of serum antibodies to measles, rubella, mumps and herpes simplex viruses. hla-dw2-positive subjects had a lower ly ... | 1986 | 3488954 |
| virological aspects of measles virus-induced encephalomyelitis in lewis and bn rats. | lewis and brown norway (bn) rats which are susceptible or resistant to autoimmune reactions against brain antigen, respectively, were inoculated intracerebrally with a neurotropic measles virus. suckling rats died from a rapidly fatal acute encephalopathy (ae). with increasing age lewis rats developed a subacute measles encephalomyelitis (same) whereas bn rats showed a clinically silent encephalitis (cse). infectious virus could occasionally be recovered from same animals using cocultivation tec ... | 1987 | 3495633 |
| progress towards control of the acute respiratory viral diseases of childhood. | many of the common respiratory illnesses of infancy and childhood are caused by viruses of the paramyxoviridae family, in particular measles virus, respiratory syncytial (rs) virus and parainfluenzavirus type 3 (pi3). effective measles vaccine was developed by classical methods, but these same methods have failed to provide vaccines to control rs and pi3 virus infections. the who programme for vaccine development was initiated in 1983 to encourage the application of the new biotechnologies to co ... | 1987 | 3496981 |
| antigenic mimicry between measles virus and human t lymphocytes. | | 1987 | 3497211 |
| induction of class i and class ii transplantation antigens in rat brain during fatal and non-fatal measles virus infection. | measles virus induced a marked increase in the expression of mhc-coded class i and class ii antigens as detected by immunostaining during both fatal and non-fatal brain infections in rats. the distribution of these molecules in the brain was much more widespread than the occurrence of viral antigen suggesting a soluble factor for their induction. in 14-day-old rats with a non-fatal infection there was a marked infiltration of t lymphocytes of 'cytotoxic/suppressor' phenotype in the brain parench ... | 1987 | 3497946 |
| measles virus infection of b lymphocytes permits cellular activation but blocks progression through the cell cycle. | measles virus infection of unstimulated b lymphocytes suppresses both proliferation and differentiation into immunoglobulin-secreting cells. however, mitogenic stimulation of these infected cells results in cell volume enlargement, rapid rna synthesis, and the expression of cell surface activation antigens 4f2, hla-ds, and transferrin receptor. the cellular genes c-myc and histone 2b are induced during early g1 and s phase of the cell cycle, respectively, and viral rna synthesis can be detected ... | 1987 | 3499518 |
| in vitro studies of the role of monocytes in the immunosuppression associated with natural measles virus infections. | measles is associated with suppression of mitogen-induced proliferative responses. the role of monocytes in depressed responses to phytohemagglutinin during measles was assessed. depleting peripheral blood mononuclear cells of adherent cells decreased, increased, and did not change proliferative responses in essentially equal numbers of individuals. inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin significantly increased proliferation (p = 0.009) but often not to normal values. addition of ... | 1987 | 3500003 |
| seroepidemiology of measles in delhi: implications for age of vaccination. | | 1987 | 3501410 |
| induction of measles virus-specific human cytotoxic t cells by purified measles virus nucleocapsid and hemagglutinin polypeptides. | the measles virus polypeptide specificity of human measles virus-specific, hla class ii restricted cytotoxic t cells have been examined. measles virus-specific ctl have been generated using purified measles virus nucleocapsid and hemagglutinin polypeptides during a primary, in vitro stimulation of bulk cultures. both the purified preparations of measles virus nucleocapsid and hemagglutinin polypeptides were effective in stimulating a measles virus-specific ctl response. the measles virus nucleoc ... | 1987 | 3509946 |
| a controlled trial for evaluating two live attenuated mumps-measles vaccines (urabe am 9-schwarz and jeryl lynn-moraten) in young children. | a prospective, randomised clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two live attenuated mumps-measles vaccines, the urabe am 9-schwarz and the jeryl lynn-moraten vaccine, in 400 young children aged 9 months-4.5 years (median 13.4 months). antibody responses to both vaccine components were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa); 96.9% of the seronegative children who received the urabe am 9-schwarz vaccine showed satisfactory mumps antibody responses compared to ... | 1986 | 3511182 |
| the detection of specific antibody formation to recall antigens after human bone marrow transplantation. | the results of this study show that donor-derived immunity can be detected and persists in long-term survivors with and without chronic graft-v-host disease (gvhd) after human marrow grafting. seventy-one marrow recipients (60 long-term and 11 short-term survivors) were studied for the presence of specific serum igg antibodies to tetanus toxoid (tt), and 46 marrow recipients (35 long-term and 11 short-term) were tested for antibodies to diphtheria toxoid (dt) and measles virus after marrow graft ... | 1986 | 3511982 |
| evaluation of the structural proteins of the hamster neurotropic strain of measles virus with monoclonal antibodies. | the virus-specified proteins produced by cells persistently infected with hamster neurotropic strain (hnt) of measles virus were assessed by a panel of monoclonal antibodies. in comparison to the edmonston strain a number of differences were detected. the ha protein lacks epitopes identified by certain monoclonal antibodies. some of the absent epitopes may relate to agglutination, because this biological phenomenon is not produced by hnt virus. phosphoprotein (p) of the usual size (70 kda) was n ... | 1986 | 3512596 |
| single radial haemolysis for demonstrating measles virus antibody. | | 1986 | 3515105 |
| adaptation of a commercially available indirect fluorescent antibody slide test for measuring measles-specific immunoglobulins. | a commercially available indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test was evaluated for the determination of measles-specific immunoglobulins g and m (migg, migm). the ifa test detected fourfold rises of migg in 34 of 35 (97%) cases of measles confirmed by complement fixation or hemagglutination inhibition. in determining immune status, migg-ifa correlated with hemagglutination inhibition in 22 of 23 (96%) cases. the ifa test detected migm in only 11 of 34 acute-phase sera collected within 5 days of ... | 1986 | 3516550 |
| [studies on the interaction between cells infected with measles virus and anti-measles antibody. ii. production and application of monoclonal antibodies against measles virus]. | somatic cell hybrids which produced antibodies against measles virus were established by fusing the spleen cells of balb/c mice immunizing with purified measles virus and the myeloma cell line p3.653 using polyethylene glycol 1,000. mouse ascites were obtained by inoculating several hybridoma clones, and 2 ascites showed to have high hi titer antibodies. location of the measles virus antigens on the cells infected with measles virus could be analysed by indirect immunofluorescence technique usin ... | 1986 | 3516820 |
| effect of carboxylic ionophores on measles virus hemagglutinin protein. | we have studied the effect of two carboxylic ionophores, monensin and laidlomycin, on the replication of measles virus in kb cells. the yield of infectious virus was markedly depressed at the concentrations of the ionophores which had no effect on overall viral protein synthesis. the ionophores selectively blocked the migration of hemagglutinin (h) glycoprotein from golgi apparatus to the cell surface. as a result, h glycoprotein is prevented from being converted from incompletely glycosylated f ... | 1986 | 3521546 |
| [method for detecting antimeasles antihemolysins in sera]. | | 1986 | 3524003 |
| characteristics of fresh isolates of wild measles virus. | characteristics of fresh isolates of wild measles virus were studied by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies, sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and electron microscopy. by the immunofluorescence test, hemagglutinin, nucleocapsid-associated phosphorylated, and fusion proteins were found only in the cytoplasm of cells infected with the virus at a low passage level. nucleocapsid (np) and membrane (m) proteins were found in both the cytoplasm and nuclei. since the m protein is presen ... | 1986 | 3525906 |
| isolation of measles virus polypeptides from infected brain tissue by affinity chromatography. | a method has been developed to isolate measles virus proteins from infected hamster brain tissue. suckling hamsters inoculated intracerebrally with the hbs strain of measles virus were used in these studies. viral proteins were isolated from infected brain lysates by affinity chromatography on sepharose beads coupled with igg from rabbit hyperimmune anti-measles serum. the eluted proteins were separated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), electrophoretically transferred onto bl ... | 1986 | 3528206 |
| assay of measles virus igm and igg class antibodies by use of peroxidase-labelled viral antigens. | purified measles virions, nucleocapsid protein and crude lysate of measles infected cells were labelled with horseradish peroxidase, and used for the detection of igm and igg antibodies to measles virus by direct enzyme immunoassay. the assays consisted of three layers: anti-human igm or igg immunoglobulins on solid-phase, test serum specimen and enzyme labelled viral antigen. for the expression of the results, a standard curve was included in each test and the o.d. values were changed to arbitr ... | 1986 | 3530194 |
| western blot analyses of measles virus antibody in normal persons and in patients with multiple sclerosis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, or atypical measles. | a version of the western blot was developed to detect serum antibodies against measles virus polypeptides. with this technique, a seroepidemiological survey of antibodies to the several measles virus proteins in diverse measles-related conditions was conducted. the sera were obtained from individuals with a recent or long-past history of natural measles, from persons with a history of immunization with live attenuated measles vaccine, and from patients with multiple sclerosis, subacute sclerosin ... | 1986 | 3531224 |
| nuclear accumulation of measles virus nucleoprotein associated with a temperature-sensitive mutant. | a measles virus (mv) lec strain conditional-lethal (temperature-sensitive) mutant, designated mv ts38, has been isolated from 5-fluorouracil-mutagenized stock. the mutant has been characterized with regard to growth characteristics at 32 degrees c (permissive temperature) and 39 degrees c (non-permissive temperature). virus-specific rna transcription and/or translation appeared to be blocked at the non-permissive temperature as no virus-specific products could be detected by biochemical or immun ... | 1986 | 3531400 |
| [radial immunohemolysis in the assay of serum antibodies to the measles virus]. | | 1986 | 3532266 |
| long-term antibody response after measles vaccination in an isolated arctic society in greenland. | scoresbysund is an isolated district on the east coast of greenland with 500 inhabitants, mainly polar eskimos, which had never been exposed to natural measles. in 1968 more than 90% of the population were vaccinated with the schwarz live further-attenuated measles vaccine and subsequently children born after 1968 likewise received the measles vaccination. upon the initial measles vaccination no clinical cases of measles have been observed. the immunity status of the isolated population has been ... | 1986 | 3532604 |
| restricted expression of measles virus proteins in brains from cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | the presence of five structural proteins of measles virus in brain material obtained at autopsy from four patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) was examined by immunofluorescence employing monoclonal antibodies. in addition, the humoral immune response against measles virus antigens in serum and cerebrospinal fluid was analysed by immunoprecipitation in combination with gel electrophoresis, revealing a reduced response mainly to the matrix (m) protein. in none of the brain mat ... | 1986 | 3537205 |
| [comparative study of immunoenzyme test systems for the rapid detection of measles virus antibodies]. | | 1986 | 3548069 |
| critical evaluation of viral antigen data in paget's disease of bone. | this study evaluates previous viral antigen data obtained from fixed tissue sections and cells grown in culture from bone affected by paget's disease. finding antigens to both respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and measles virus (mv) in the same osteoclasts of ten patients could not be explained on the basis of any previously known cross-reactivity. therefore, possible causes for these observations were sought. monoclonal antibodies to viral proteins of rsv and mv were used to label proteins. pol ... | 1987 | 3549088 |
| on the trail of paramyxoviruses in paget's disease of bone. | the ultrastructural discovery of microcylindric inclusions in the nuclei and cytoplasm of osteoclasts in tissue affected by paget's disease of bone has created a new approach. the morphologic similarity of the inclusions to viral structures has stimulated further studies involving immunocytologic techniques and in situ hybridization. polyclonal antibodies reveal the presence of paramyxovirus antigens and measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus in pagetic osteoclasts. monoclonal and monospe ... | 1987 | 3549098 |
| appropriate age for measles vaccination in the united states. | the appropriate age for measles vaccination is determined by weighing the risk of measles disease and complications at a given age with vaccine efficacy at that age. in the united states, measles vaccine was initially used in children as young as 9 months of age because the disease was common and complications were greatest in persons less than 1 year of age. in 1965, when it became apparent that vaccine failure was unacceptably high in children less than 1 year and when epidemiologic analysis i ... | 1986 | 3549395 |
| evaluation of a combined vaccine against measles-mumps-rubella produced on human diploid cells. | the combined measles-mumps-rubella vaccines commercially available for use are safe, highly immunogenic, and protective. but the acceptance rate of these vaccines by the public and also by the general practitioners in most part of europe is not a very high one. one of the reasons for this low acceptance-rate is the fear of side-reactions. in spite of that only exceptional cases of dangerous allergic reactions induced by such vaccines, especially the lay population can be scared by the contraindi ... | 1986 | 3549399 |
| isoelectric point restriction of cerebrospinal fluid and serum igg antibodies to measles virus polypeptides in multiple sclerosis. | thirty consecutive isoelectric point (pi)-discrete igg fractions were isolated from multiple sclerosis (ms) cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and used to immune precipitate measles virus (mv) polypeptides. most basic fractions were enriched in activity against nucleocapsid protein (np), and to a lesser extent against hemagglutinin (h) protein; intermediate fractions were enriched in activity against h and fusion (f) proteins; and more anodic pi fractions were almost exclusively enriched in activity agai ... | 1987 | 3549773 |
| adult-onset subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: immunocytochemical and electron microscopic demonstration of the viral antigen. | we report a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) in a 52 year-old man, who developed rapidly progressive mental deterioration, myoclonic seizures, quadriplegia, and remained incapacitated until his death 4 years after the onset of symptoms. immunocytochemical and electron microscopic studies are reported. titers of measles virus antibodies were consistently high in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and periodic synchronous discharges were recorded on eeg. suppressed cellular immu ... | 1987 | 3552353 |
| antibodies against the paramyxovirus sv5 in the cerebrospinal fluids of some multiple sclerosis patients. | multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and although there is little doubt that an infectious agent (or agents) is involved it has not been possible to demonstrate this unequivocally by any direct relationship to a given agent. here we show that a significant proportion of patients with multiple sclerosis have antibodies against the paramyxovirus sv5 (simian virus 5) in their cerebrospinal fluid and in some of these such antibodies form a major proportion of t ... | 1987 | 3553964 |
| effect of simultaneous administration of live measles vaccine on the "take rate" of live mumps vaccine. | during the course of clinical studies to develop a new bivalent measles-mumps vaccine, it was established that simultaneous administration of live measles and mumps vaccines at doses contained in the monovalent vaccines resulted in a reduced seroconversion rate against mumps but not against measles. this one-way interference was resolved by increasing the dose of the mumps component in the bivalent measles-mumps and the trivalent measles-mumps-rubella vaccines above that in the monovalent mumps ... | 1986 | 3556770 |
| comparative study and evaluation of further attenuated, live measles vaccines alone and in combination with mumps and rubella vaccines. | the further attenuated enders (fae) measles vaccine strain and the edmonston b-zagreb (ez) measles vaccine strain were compared. in vero-cells plaque sizes of fae varied between 0.5 and 1 mm, those of ez between 1 and 2 mm in diameter. the lots available in switzerland during a 2 year period showed virus titers of 10(3.1) to 10(4.0) tcid50 per dose in the one vaccine (fae) and of 10(3.1) to 10(4.5) tcid50 per dose in the other (ez). clinical investigations were performed with fae and ez monovale ... | 1986 | 3556778 |
| immunity against measles and rubella in massachusetts schoolchildren. | a statewide serosurvey was conducted among 6th, 10th and 12th grade massachusetts schoolchildren in 1982. sera were screened using a standard measles hemagglutination inhibition (hi) assay, a sensitive measles plaque neutralization assay, and four rubella assays with corresponding sensitivity limits of approximately 15, 10, 7.5, and 5 international units (iu) of rubella antibody/ml respectively. using the most sensitive assays, seroprevalence was 98.6% for measles antibodies and 93.1% for any ru ... | 1986 | 3556779 |
| immune response to edmonston-zagreb measles virus strain in monovalent and combined mmr vaccine. | the live edmonston-zagreb measles vaccine is currently produced either on chick-embryo fibroblasts (cef) or on human diploid cells (hdc). its stability meets the who requirements. since the vaccine licensure in 1967 the edmonston-zagreb measles virus strain has been administered to over 20 million vaccinees either as a monovalent vaccine or as a component of the combined mr, mmr and mm vaccines. immunogenicity studies have shown the persistence of the elicited hi antibody for a minimum of 16 yea ... | 1986 | 3556780 |
| a survey of the concentrations of eleven metals in vaccines, allergenic extracts, toxoids, blood, blood derivatives and other biological products. | approximately 85 samples of injectable biological products regulated by the center for drugs and biologics of the united states food and drug administration were surveyed for the presence of 11 elements, namely aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, thallium and zinc, by flame and flameless methods of atomic absorption spectrometry and flame emission spectrometry. the range of products tested included whole blood, red cells, plasma, normal serum albumin, antihemop ... | 1986 | 3558419 |
| chronic, relapsing encephalomyelitis associated with experimental measles virus infection. | an experimental central nervous system (cns) disease that bears some similarity to human multiple sclerosis and that is associated with infection by measles virus has been induced in hamsters. this disease has been described previously (carrigan and johnson: proceedings of the national academy of sciences 77:4297-4300, 1980). at that time, it was believed that the disease was restricted to the spinal cords of affected animals. the present work demonstrates that the disease can also affect the br ... | 1987 | 3559527 |
| immunological findings during an acute relapse of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a patient with an unusually prolonged disease course. | a 171/2-year-old male subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patient underwent a disease relapse after an 8 year remission. a total of 14 paired peripheral blood/cerebrospinal fluid specimens were obtained during this relapse. these specimens were tested for 13 parameters of non-specific or measles virus-specific cell-mediated and humoral immunity. there was a rapid and significant fluctuation in all of these tests. total loss of measles-specific t cells response was found during the relapse. the r ... | 1987 | 3560197 |
| [complex partial epileptic seizures as the initial symptom of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis]. | a 18 year-old boy, without a previous history, presented with psychomotor seizures and, 4 months after, mental deterioration. eeg showed focal epileptic abnormalities characterized by high amplitude spike waves in the left temporal region. periodic complexes appeared after administration of diazepam. ct scan showed mild cortical atrophy in the left temporal region. measles virus hi antibody titers were 1/2048 in the serum and 1/64 in the csf. the patient died one year after the first complex par ... | 1986 | 3563239 |
| identification of a nonproductive, cell-associated form of measles virus by its resistance to inhibition by recombinant human interferon. | subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a fatal disease in children and young adults that is caused by persistent infection of the central nervous system (cns) by a nonproductive, cell-associated form of measles virus. using an experimental model for sspe (lec viral strain in newborn hamsters), we have shown previously that establishment of such cns infections involves selective elimination from the cns of productively infected cells by host defensive mechanisms, coupled with the selective ... | 1987 | 3573153 |
| subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: detection of measles antibody in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition. | subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), a slowly progressive central nervous system disease, is related to the measles virus. because laboratory immunoassays are important in the diagnosis of the disease, we compared enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), complement fixation (cf), and hemagglutination inhibition (hi) for the detection of measles antibody in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with sspe and in controls. differences in the sensitivity of the three methods were no ... | 1987 | 3574144 |
| fuzzy material surrounding measles virus nucleocapsids identified as matrix protein. brief report. | measles virus grown in vero cell cultures was examined at the ultrastructural level after immunoperoxidase staining with antiserum against the matrix protein. the antiserum clearly preferentially labeled the fuzzy material surrounding cytoplasmic nucleocapsids, but not the nucleocapsids themselves. | 1987 | 3579607 |
| [etiology and prognosis of sporadic encephalitis]. | | 1986 | 3582027 |
| altered transcription of a defective measles virus genome derived from a diseased human brain. | measles virus (mv) is a negative strand rna virus which usually causes acute disease, but in rare cases its persistence in the human brain induces the lethal disease subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). the transcription of mv and of a defective mv derived from autopsy material of a sspe case was studied in cultured cells. in the lytic infection the levels of the mv mrnas decreased progressively with the distance of the six cognate genes from the 3' end of the genome, reflecting transcrip ... | 1987 | 3582370 |
| fusion glycoprotein of measles virus: nucleotide sequence of the gene and comparison with other paramyxoviruses. | the sequence of the fusion (f) glycoprotein mrna of the hallé strain of measles virus was determined from a cdna clone representing the entire length of the mrna. it contained 2384 nucleotides, excluding poly(a), with a 5' consensus sequence typical of paramyxoviruses and a 3' terminus found in measles virus mrnas. the coding sequence was preceded by an unusually long (580 nucleotide) 5' non-translated region, which contained 44% cytosine. the longest open reading frame coded for a polypeptide o ... | 1987 | 3585281 |
| [characteristics of the immune response to canine morbilli virus in patients with multiple sclerosis]. | | 1987 | 3589390 |
| outbreak of kawasaki syndrome. | | 1987 | 3591304 |
| non-infectious morphologically altered nucleocapsids of measles virus from persistently infected cells. | persistent measles virus infection of human hep-2 or l-41 cells was accompanied by pronounced structural and functional changes of isolated intracellular viral nucleocapsids (ncs). the bulk of persistent ncs possessed altered conformation and a "string-of-beads" appearance, contained substantial amounts of subgenomic size rnas, exhibited reduced transcriptase activity in vitro and lacked infectivity on transfection of susceptible cells. immunogold staining revealed negligible binding of anti-p p ... | 1987 | 3592984 |
| comparison of proteins induced in cells infected with rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses. | the two morbilliviruses rinderpest virus (rpv) and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) are closely related and cause severe disease in large and small ruminants, respectively. they show distinct epidemiological patterns and are distinguishable by reciprocal cross-neutralization tests. we have analysed the proteins induced by these viruses in infected cells and have shown that they can be distinguishable by a very marked difference in the apparent mol. wt. of the nucleocapsid (n) protein. the ... | 1987 | 3598564 |
| prospective study of the magnitude and duration of changes in tuberculin reactivity during uncomplicated and complicated measles. | the suppression of cellular immune responses during measles is thought to contribute to the development of secondary infections which often complicate this disease. to determine whether there was a difference in the altered cellular immune responses of children with and without complications we performed a prospective study of purified protein derivative skin test reactivity in children with natural measles virus infections who had received bacillus calmette-guerin as infants. twenty-five tuberc ... | 1987 | 3601492 |
| dog ownership among multiple sclerosis patients and their level of measles antibodies. a case-control study. | | 1986 | 3602723 |
| diploid cell measles vaccine. | | 1986 | 3606740 |
| measles antibody levels in children of rural and urban areas of nigeria following vaccination campaign. | this study compares the presence and level of measles haemagglutination inhibiting antibody in the sera of primary school children in selected rural and urban areas of kaduna state, nigeria following a vaccination campaign. the results, analysed by mann-whitney statistical test at alpha = 0.05, showed significantly higher levels of haemagglutination inhibiting antibody in all the age groups in urban areas when compared with rural areas. the implications of these findings on measles vaccination c ... | 1987 | 3609176 |
| characterization of the measles virus isolated from the brain of a patient with immunosuppressive measles encephalitis. | two strains of measles virus with different biologic properties were isolated from the brain of a patient with immunosuppressive measles encephalitis. one strain (oita-1) grew extremely slowly in vero cells and did not produce any cell-free virions. the other strain (oita-2) replicated well, and a small amount of cell-free virus was detected from the culture medium and the freeze-thawed homogenate. neurovirulence of the oita-1 strain to mice was, however, stronger than that of the oita-2 strain. ... | 1987 | 3611830 |
| [clinical and immunological considerations in congenital measles. presentation of a clinical case]. | | 1987 | 3614147 |
| giant cell pneumonia in letterer-siwe disease. | an 8 month-old girl suffered from letter-siwe disease since one week after birth. during the chemotherapy, giant cell pneumonia caused by measles virus infection developed and led rapidly to her death. histopathologically, alveolar spaces were lined by multi-nucleated giant cells with intranuclear and intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies. electronmicroscopical examination of the lung revealed intranuclear inclusion bodies full of rod-shaped structures characteristic to paramyxoviruses, ... | 1987 | 3618221 |
| [contribution of modern research technics to the identification of a virus in paget's disease of bone]. | the morphological resemblance between osteoclast inclusions in paget's bone disease and viral structures has encouraged new research with immunocytologic methods and in situ hybridization. paramyxovirus antigens of measles virus and respiratory syncitial virus were detected in pagetic osteoclasts using polyclonal antibodies. paramyxovirus antigens of measles virus, simian virus (sv 5) and human parainfluenza virus (pf 3) were demonstrated using monoclonal and monospecific polyclonal antibodies. ... | 1986 | 3620721 |
| long-term intramuscular recombinant dna interferon alpha 2 therapy in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: reduction of serum measles antibodies without clinical improvement. | two patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) were treated intramuscularly with recombinant dna interferon-alpha 2 for 3 and 6 months, respectively. side effects were minimal. no objective clinical response could be noted. in a patient with stable sspe, a significant decrease in serum antimeasles antibody levels was observed. this decrease was less pronounced in another patient with evolutive sspe. the results of this study were compared to findings published previously. the reaso ... | 1987 | 3622585 |
| 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase and interferon in peripheral blood after rubella, measles, or mumps live virus vaccine. | the temporal activation of the human interferon system by infection with virus was studied by serial measurements of both interferon in serum and activity of 2',5'-oligo adenylate synthetase in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes. a frequency distribution of baseline values of synthetase was established for normal individuals. following subcutaneous inoculation of rubella vaccine virus, serum interferon rose briefly with a peak on day 14. the peak concentration of synthetase also occurred on day 1 ... | 1987 | 3628253 |
| [disposable vs. reusable hypodermic syringes. study of possible effects on the virus of live, attenuated measles vaccine]. | | 1986 | 3629167 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the rinderpest virus mrna encoding the hemagglutinin protein. | we cloned the full-length cdnas corresponding to the mrna for the hemagglutinin (h) protein of rinderpest virus (rv) and determined the nucleotide sequence of rv-h. the gene of rv-h was composed of 1952 nucleotides and contained a single large open reading frame, which was capable of encoding a protein of 609 amino acids with a molecular weight of 68,330 da. the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence were compared with those of the measles virus (mv)-h. the 5' end of the message ( ... | 1987 | 3629979 |
| altered ratios of measles virus transcripts in diseased human brains. | in rare cases measles virus (mv) induces subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) or measles inclusion body encephalitis (mibe), two lethal diseases of the human central nervous system. mv transcripts present in the brains of two sspe patients and one mibe patient were analyzed by quantitative northern blots. in all three cases the transcripts from the first mv gene were relatively abundant, amounting to about one-tenth of that in lytically infected cells. however, the quantity of transcripts ... | 1987 | 3660593 |
| [morbidity, vaccine coverage and immunity against measles, mumps and rubella in a gallician population from 2 to 5 years old]. | vaccine coverage, morbidity prevalence, and immunity to measles, rubella, and mumps, were estimated in 1985-1986 among a sample of 2 to 5 years old galician children, studied through questionnaires and immunoenzymatic determinations of antibodies. according to the mothers, measles vaccine and measles-mumps-rubella vaccine were administered to 22.1% and 45.7%, respectively, of their children, whereas measles were reported in 17.9, mumps in 14.3%, and rubella in 2.9%. the seroconversion to rubella ... | 1987 | 3662251 |
| characterization of in vitro transcription and transcriptional products of measles virus. | ribonucleoprotein complexes isolated from measles virus-infected hela cells contained an rna-dependent rna polymerase activity that catalyzed the incorporation of ribonucleotides into ribonucleic acid. the ribonucleoprotein complexes were composed of measles virus nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein, and a large protein, as well as viral rna. the kinetics of rna synthesis at different temperatures, time intervals, and protein, ribonucleotide, and mono- and divalent cation concentrations were analyzed. ... | 1987 | 3669151 |
| measles vaccine failure after documented seroconversion. | | 1987 | 3670952 |
| advanced detection of viral nucleic acids in the central nervous system: a progress report. | a progress report. we have helped to standardize an advanced in situ hybridization technology to detect viral nucleic sequences in formalin fixed paraffin embedded brain tissue with high sensitivity and specificity as well as good preservation of cytomorphology. it is our belief that if the inflammation in the multiple sclerosis central nervous system is associated with persistent virus this technique should reveal it. technical reasons are given why we are continuing to search for measles virus ... | 1987 | 3672008 |
| the levels of measles antibodies in nigerian children aged 0-12 months and its relationship with maternal parity. | six hundred and fifty-seven children aged between 0 and 12 months were randomly chosen and studied for measles antibody titres by the haemagglutination inhibition (hai) test. the results showed significant variations in hai antibody titres. children between 0-3 months showed high measles hai antibody titres which declined to a trough between 4 and 6 months. a rise in hai antibody titre was observed from 10 to 12 months age. multiparity and higher age in the mothers were noted as probable factors ... | 1987 | 3678407 |
| [antiviral immunity in disseminated sclerosis]. | titres of antibodies to various viral antigens, levels of immunoglobulins, and the rate of detection of specific igm to measles virus were studied in the blood sera of 50 patients with multiple sclerosis and 50 normal subjects. high antibody titres to measles, mumps, rubella and parainfluenza type 3 virus antigens were revealed. specific igm to measles virus were detected in 50% of multiple sclerosis patients and in none of the normal subjects. the patients with multiple sclerosis showed no sign ... | 1987 | 3686983 |
| differences in susceptibility to nk cell killing of two cloned sublines derived from a single clone. | the ability of natural killer (nk) cells to discriminate between virus infected or tumor cells and their normal counterparts indicates a highly selective recognition, but the exact target structure remains unknown. we have examined two clones of measles virus persistently infected hela cells derived from the same parental clone, one of which, hela-mss, is highly susceptible to nk killing, (35% specific lysis at 80:1 lymphocyte to target ratio), whilst the other, hela-msr, is totally resistant (0 ... | 1987 | 3692535 |
| [studies on the interaction between cells infected with measles virus and anti-measles antibody. i. cytotoxic antibody activity of sera obtained from patients with natural measles and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis by use of chronically infected cell lines]. | sera obtained from patients with natural measles and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) showed cytotoxic activity in the presence of complement on cells persistently infected with either measles virus (schwarz and tycsa strains) or sspe virus (halle and mantooth strains). the cytotoxic activity was demonstrated in both igg and igm fractions of measles convalescent sera, but only in igg fraction of sspe sera. measles convalescent sera completely lost the cytotoxic activity to all carrier ... | 1986 | 3699682 |
| measles virus rna detected in paget's disease bone tissue by in situ hybridization. | morphological and immunocytological studies have demonstrated the presence of paramyxovirus antigens in paget's bone disease tissue and in particular antigens related to measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus. to examine the relationship between measles virus and paget's bone disease we used in situ hybridization and a cloned measles virus dna probe specific for the nucleocapsid protein to detect and locate measles virus rna sequences in paget's bone tissue. in five patients with the dise ... | 1986 | 3701300 |
| maternally derived measles immunity in era of vaccine-protected mothers. | measles hemagglutinin-inhibiting and neutralizing antibody titers are lower in women young enough to have been immunized by vaccination than in older women. in the children of both young and older mothers the antibody is concentrated 1.7-fold across the placenta, and the child's initial titer remains proportional to that of its mother. the transferred antibody is diluted by the baby's growth and degraded with a mean half-life of 48 days. by 8 1/2 months of age, 95% of the children of the mothers ... | 1986 | 3701511 |
| [measles morbidity among children inoculated against this infection]. | in the serological survey of 2009 children immunized against measles 285 children (14.2%) were found to be seronegative to this infection in the hemagglutination inhibition test with 4 hemagglutinating units of the antigen. among 1724 immunized children showing positive response to vaccination and placed under dynamic observation for 11 years, 2 cases of measles were registered. at the same time, in the dynamic observation of 111 seronegative children 66 measles cases (59.5%) were registered dur ... | 1986 | 3705811 |
| [evaluation of the occurrence and properties of measles virus antibodies by the elisa method]. | | 1986 | 3713367 |
| case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 25-1986. a 24-year-old woman with a three-month history of progressive mental deterioration. | | 1986 | 3713772 |
| measles virus hemagglutinin. removal of the initiator methionine in the mature protein, and evidence for further processing to produce a 'ragged' end. | measles virus hemagglutinin has been isolated by immunoadsorption. the total composition of the protein and its n-terminal amino acid sequence give data matching the structure indirectly deduced from cdna. however, direct analysis of the hemagglutinin also shows that the mature protein is proteolytically processed and has a partly heterogeneous n-terminus. the initiator met is removed, and non-stoichiometrically also the second residue. | 1986 | 3720948 |
| pathogenesis of corneal lesions in measles. | the mechanism of pathogenesis underlying the development of corneal lesions in measles was investigated in 125 children suffering from measles and 66 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. forty age-matched children with bronchopneumonia were investigated on similar lines to delineate the role played by vitamin a and measles individually in the development of corneal lesions. the results indicate that the pathogenesis of corneal lesions in measles is indeed multifactorial. vitamin a deficiency a ... | 1986 | 3721904 |
| high measles mortality in infancy related to intensity of exposure. | in a west african urban community, measles infection in infants was examined over 5 years (1979-1983). in the age group 0 to 11 months, measles mortality was higher among secondary cases (infected in the house) than among index cases (infected outside the house), and the proportion of secondary cases was significantly higher for this age group than for older children. intensive exposure related to the social pattern of disease transmission may be important in explaining the high infant mortality ... | 1986 | 3723239 |
| potential role of paramyxoviruses in multiple sclerosis. | at the present time, the cause of multiple sclerosis (ms) remains unknown, although it seem likely that one or more infectious agents triggers the disease, perhaps through an autoimmune mechanism. in this article, evidence linking the paramyxoviruses, canine distemper, and measles to ms is reviewed. | 1986 | 3724739 |
| immunochemical aspects of cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from 50 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) were investigated by rocket immunoelectrophoresis (rie) against anti-human igg sera. two patterns of immune precipitates were observed: precipitates with exclusively cathodal and precipitates with bipolar extension. hemagglutination-inhibition tests against measles virus antigen were performed after absorption of the csf samples with protein a-containing staphylococcus aureus and tre ... | 1986 | 3727399 |
| [effect of cellulose ether on replication of measles virus strain l 16]. | | 1986 | 3727640 |
| effect of interferon on vero cells persistently infected with sspe virus and lytically infected with measles virus. | the effect of lymphoblastoid interferon (ifn) on viral polypeptides synthesized in a vero cell culture persistently infected with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus (sspe-vero) was compared to that of vero cells infected with exogenous measles virus. after ifn treatment there was no significant decrease in the synthesis of sspe viral proteins, but inhibition of synthesis of measles polypeptides was readily seen. in vero and sspe-vero cells ifn was able to inhibit replication of sindbis vi ... | 1986 | 3729726 |
| expression of defective measles virus genes in brain tissues of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | the persistence of measles virus in selected areas of the brains of four patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) was characterized by immunohistological and biochemical techniques. the five measles virus structural proteins were never simultaneously detectable in any of the brain sections. nucleocapsid proteins and phosphoproteins were found in every diseased brain area, whereas hemagglutinin protein was detected in two cases, fusion protein was detected in three cases, and matr ... | 1986 | 3735490 |
| [analysis of the occurrence of measles virus antibodies in the serum, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva and urine of children with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe)]. | | 1986 | 3736275 |
| sero-epidemiological survey of measles in alwar, rajasthan. | | 1986 | 3745866 |
| measles virus persistent infection: modification of the virus nucleocapsid protein. | the synthesis of intracellular measles virus proteins in persistently infected human cell cultures was studied. the virus-induced proteins were analysed after radioimmunoprecipitation by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the measles virus-induced nucleoprotein (np) synthesized in persistently infected cells had a reduced binding capacity with measles virus antibodies (human convalescent serum) compared to the np protein induced by the virus used to initiate the infecti ... | 1986 | 3746256 |
| transcriptional map of the measles virus genome. | we have constructed a recombinant dna library of the measles virus genome and identified gene-specific clones containing sequences coding for portions of each of the six viral structural proteins, as well as clones coding for intercistronic sequences. by northern blotting, we could order the clones according to the pattern of individual gene-specific and readthrough mrnas. clones corresponding to the n, p/c and m genes were identified by correlation of the mrnas with their in vitro translation p ... | 1986 | 3746257 |
| [canine measles virus infection as a risk factor in multiple sclerosis. retrospective epidemiologic study]. | | 1986 | 3749724 |
| accumulated measles virus mutations in a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: interrupted matrix protein reading frame and transcription alteration. | subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a fatal disease affecting the human central nervous system several years after acute measles infection. measles virus (mv) genomes replicating in sspe brains do not give rise to budding particles and present various defects in gene expression, mostly concerning the matrix (m) protein. for one sspe case (k), shown previously to be devoid of m protein expression, we examined here in detail the features involved in this defect. in the brain of patient k ... | 1986 | 3750847 |
| measles virus nucleic acid sequences in human brain. | we constructed a measles virus genomic recombinant dna library, and used clones coding for portions of the viral p, m and h proteins to probe for measles virus nucleic acid sequences in post-mortem multiple sclerosis, sspe and control brains. by dot blot hybridization, the probes detected measles virus nucleic acid sequences in as little as 3 nanograms of total rna extracted from measles virus-infected cells and also in highly diluted rna extracted from sspe brain, but did not detect measles vir ... | 1986 | 3751288 |