| chemical interactions with herpes simplex type 2 virus: enhancement of transformation by hydrazine and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. | quantitative assays for the morphological transformation of 3t3 swiss mouse cells by herpes simplex type 2 virus (hsv-2) were employed to examine the effect on cell transformation of chemical carcinogens and suspected carcinogens. exposure of the cells to the chemical compound, followed by virus infection, resulted in enhancement of transformation when compared to that observed with chemical or virus alone. enhancement occurred in tests utilizing either uv light-inactivated hsv-2 (strain 333) or ... | 1982 | 6280884 |
| the development and use of microcarrier and glass sphere culture techniques for the production of herpes simplex viruses. | two high productivity monolayer culture methods, the microcarrier and glass sphere culture, were compared for their capacity to support the growth of mrc-5 and vero cells, and herpes simplex type 2 virus. cell growth was similar in both systems giving yields of 14 x 10(5)/cm2 in microcarrier and 18 x 10(5)/cm2 in glass sphere cultures with yields of vero cells being marginally better than mrc-5 cells. virus yields were only slightly lower in these cultures than in small scale stationary cultures ... | 1981 | 6281104 |
| herpes simplex vaccine using cell membrane associated antigen in an animal model. | vesicles of plasma membrane, containing no detectable live virus, were prepared by treatment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infected vero cells with dithiothreitol and formaldehyde. these preparations proved to be antigenic on injection into guinea-pigs and also protected these animals against intravaginal challenge with hsv-2. | 1981 | 6281105 |
| expression of herpes simplex virus common surface antigens and malignancy by clonal cells of a herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed line. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type common surface antigens (csa) were examined by indirect immunofluorescence with rabbit antiserum to hsv type 1 in a clonal hamster cell line 155-4 transformed by hsv type 2. the tumor formation was examined in hamsters transplanted with various transformed and tumor cells. the examination of subclones derived from 1554-cell line gave the following results. (1) thirty subclones were isolated and classified into three phenotypes as to csa expression: (i) in csa-pos ... | 1981 | 6281115 |
| limited transcription of the herpes simplex virus genome when latent in human sensory ganglia. | human paravertebral ganglia were examined for the presence of specific sequences of viral rna by in situ cytological hybridization, using as probes individual fragments of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna. ganglia were obtained at autopsy from 40 patients, and 14 were positive for herpes simplex virus rna. transcripts from the left-hand 30% of the viral genome were detected in all of the herpes simplex virus-positive cases. rna homologous to other sequences from the l component were present less ... | 1982 | 6281477 |
| sex partners and herpes simplex virus type 2 in the epidemiology of cancer of the cervix. | the authors examined the interaction of exposure to various numbers of sex partners and evidence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in cervical neoplasia in 181 cases of cervical dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and cancer of the cervix and 130 control patients in los angeles county, california hospitals, in 1974-1979. studies by the authors and other investigators have found that risk of cancer of the cervix was enhanced with numbers of sex partners, frequency and duration of usin ... | 1982 | 6282116 |
| acyclovir therapy of neonatal herpes simplex virus type 2 infections in rabbits. | new zealand white rabbits less than 30 h old were inoculated subcutaneously with 10(3) 50% tissue culture infectious doses of type 2 herpes simplex virus. the animals were randomly assigned to a treatment schedule of daily intraperitoneal injections of acyclovir, beginning on the day of virus inoculation for 6 or 12 days, on post-inoculation day 1 for 6 days, or on post-inoculation day 2 for 6 days. the acyclovir was given in doses of 50 mg/kg of body weight per day. similarly infected animals r ... | 1981 | 6282195 |
| effect of acyclovir on genital herpes in guinea pigs. | the chemotherapeutic efficacy of acyclovir was evaluated in guniea pigs that were inoculated intravaginally with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). acyclovir was administered systemically (50 mg/kg of body weight per day ip) beginning three days after inoculation and continuing for 10-11 days. treatment with acyclovir reduced the incidence of paralysis of the hind limbs, mortality, and the severity and duration of genital lesions but had little effect on the excretion of virus from the genital ... | 1982 | 6282986 |
| similarities and differences in the fc-binding glycoprotein (ge) of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and tentative mapping of the viral gene for this glycoprotein. | we performed affinity chromatography and immunoprecipitation experiments to determine whether cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) expressed a glycoprotein that was functionally and antigenically related to the hsv-1 fc-binding glycoprotein designated ge. we found that a protein from extracts of hsv-2-infected hep-2 cells bound specifically to an fc affinity column and that the electrophoretic mobility of this protein in sodium dodecyl sulfate-acrylamide gels was slightly less ... | 1982 | 6283108 |
| multimeric forms of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoproteins. | herpes simplex virus type 2-specific glycoproteins present in detergent extracts of infected cells were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under conditions designed to permit detection of multimeric forms of these glycoproteins. two high-molecular-weight glycosylated species were detected when samples were disrupted at lower temperatures or in the absence of any reducing agents. one multimer having an apparent molecular weight of 275,000 was identified as a mul ... | 1982 | 6283127 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoproteins expressed in virus-transformed rat cells. | rat embryo fibroblasts transformed by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) were assayed for the expression of certain virus-specific glycoproteins on the surface membranes. monospecific antisera to hsv-2-specific glycoproteins, designated gagb, gc, and gx, were used in membrane immunofluorescence studies with hsv-2-transformed cell lines tref-g-1, tref-g-2, and a tumor-derived rat fibrosarcoma cells line produced in syngeneic rats inoculated with tref-g-1 cells. analysis of the three hsv-2-transf ... | 1982 | 6283145 |
| identification of proteins encoded by a fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna that has transforming activity. | cloned bglii fragment n (map units 0.58 to 0.625) of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna has been shown to transform rodent cells to an oncogenic phenotype (galloway and mcdougall, j. virol. 38: 749-760, 1981). rna homologous to this fragment directs the synthesis of five polypeptides in a cell-free translation system. the approximate molecular weights of these proteins are 140,000, 61,000, 56,000, 35,000, and 23,500. the 35,000-dalton protein is the major species late in infection and is the only s ... | 1982 | 6283171 |
| alterations in protein and glycoprotein composition of rat embryo fibroblasts transformed by herpes simplex virus type 2. | total and superficially exposed plasma membrane components of tumorigenic herpes-simplex-virus (hsv)-transformed fibroblasts were studied. as a result of oncogenic hsv transformation, a significant decrease of polypeptides 230,000, 180,000, 56,000 and 43,000 daltons was found. these changes were accompanied by a significant increase in superficial exposition of several sialopeptides and two peptides of 30,000 and 15,000 daltons. it was suggested that these two peptides may represent virus-coded ... | 1982 | 6283449 |
| expression of herpes simplex virus type 2 antigens in premalignant and malignant human vulvar cells. | vulvar biopsies and explants from patients with vulvitis, hyperkeratosis, condyloma acuminatum, severe dysplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma were screened for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antigens. immunoperoxidase staining for vp143, an early nonstructural polypeptide of hsv-2, was identified within three biopsies exhibiting severe dysplasia, three of seven with carcinoma in situ, and one of three with invasive squamous cell carcinoma. similar staining for vp143 was observed in derived ... | 1982 | 6283892 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus mrna in latently infected trigeminal ganglion neurons by in situ hybridization. | latent infection of the trigeminal ganglion with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was studied in guinea pigs by in situ dna hybridization. frozen ganglion sections from animals killed during the period of latent virus infection were studied under nondenaturing conditions. some sections were treated with deoxyribonuclease (dnase) or ribonuclease (rnase) before incubation with hsv dna probes. hsv probes consisted of viral dna nick translated and labeled in vitro with tritiated nucleotides. bact ... | 1982 | 6284019 |
| comparative studies of transformed hamster cells by herpesvirus hominis types 1 and 2. | hamster embryo cells transformed by herpesvirus type 2 (hsv-2) virus (two separate cell lines) and by hsv-1 virus (one cell line) were inoculated into hamsters. the morphological appearance of tumours was studied by both light and electron microscopy, and the results compared to similar studies of tumours induced by sv40 virus. the tumours were also tested for immunogenicity, and for susceptibility to contact suppression with bcg. the results indicated that the tumours induced by inoculation of ... | 1982 | 6284192 |
| chemical interactions with herpes simplex type 2 virus: enhancement of transformation by norharman. | the effects of the comutagen norharman on herpes simplex virus type 2 growth transformation was studied in 3t3 cells. pre-exposure but not post-exposure of the cells to 0.5 to 10 micrograms of norharman per ml of cell culture media resulted in a nearly three-fold enhancement in transforming activity. these results suggest that certain environmental chemicals may interact with cells creating an increased possibility of transformation by herpes viruses. | 1982 | 6284401 |
| studies on the interrelation of resistance and immunity in a mouse model system of herpes-simplex type 2 infection. | intraperitoneal (i.p.) vaccination of mice with attenuated herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv 2) induced solid protection to i.p. infection with pathogenic virus within two days. protection was non-virus-specific until day four after sensitization but increased in specificity thereafter. normal mice could be protected by adoptively transferred spleen cells, serum, and peritoneal fluid from donors vaccinated seven days before. virus-specific effector cells induced in the spleen by in vivo i.p. sens ... | 1982 | 6284636 |
| characterization of a polypeptide present in herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed and -infected hamster embryo cells. | transformation of hamster embryo cells by herpes simplex virus stimulated the production of a 35-kilodalton (35k) protein that was specifically immunoprecipitated, along with other polypeptides, by rabbit hyperimmune serum. this 35k polypeptide was further analyzed by partial digestion with staphylococcus aureus v8 protease in parallel with a 35k polypeptide from herpes simplex virus type 2-infected cells. these polypeptides had almost identical partial-proteolytic cleavage maps, indicating that ... | 1982 | 6284964 |
| isolation and characterization of the growth-stimulating factor in supernatants of herpes simplex virus type 2 infected cells. | lytic infection of cv1 cells with herpes simplex virus type 2 does not stimulate ornithine decarboxylase activity and there is no correlation between polyamines and a growth-stimulating factor (gsf) which is present in the supernatant of the cultures. the factor was partially purified by gel filtration on sephadex g-50 and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. gel filtration as well as dialysis through membranes with different pore diameters indicated a molecular weight between 3,500 and 10,000 da ... | 1982 | 6285245 |
| herpesvirus-specific rna and protein in carcinoma of the uterine cervix. | cloned probes of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna were used in cytological hybridization experiments to detect herpesvirus rna transcripts in the neoplastic cells of tumors of the uterine cervix. virus-specific rna was shown to represent transcription of limited regions of the genome, of which one is known to code for a dna-binding protein that can be found by immunoperoxidase staining in the neoplastic cells of these tumors and has also been detected in cells transformed in vitro by this virus. | 1982 | 6285365 |
| acyclovir treatment of experimental genital herpes simplex virus infections. | genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections in mice and guinea pigs were used to determine the effectiveness of acyclovir administered topically, orally, or parenterally. topical treatment with 1 percent or 5 percent acyclovir begun six or 24 hours and 5 percent acyclovir begun 48 or 72 hours after intravaginal inoculation of mice with hsv-2 significantly inhibited viral replication in the genital tract. oral administration of acyclovir resulted in a significant reduction in vaginal v ... | 1982 | 6285699 |
| effect of acyclovir on genital infection with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in the guinea pig. | the pathogenesis of genital infection with three different strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and three strains of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was compared in the guinea pig. strain differences in severity of clinical disease and mortality were noted. hsv-1 strains generally produced milder disease than hsv-2. both hsv-1 and hsv-2 infections resulted in acute and chronic changes in the cervix. virus recovery during latent infection was more frequently obtained from the spinal ... | 1982 | 6285705 |
| disease and latency characteristics of clinical herpes virus isolated after acyclovir therapy. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 from a bone marrow transplant recipient and hsv type 2 from a patient with genital herpes infection were examined for sensitivity to acyclovir after both patients received therapy with the drug. a 38- and 83-fold shift in sensitivity was detected in association with a marked decrease in viral thymidine kinase activity in isolates from both patients. the resistant hsv-1 isolate was approximately 900 times less neurovirulent to balb/c mice but had similar cutaneou ... | 1982 | 6285725 |
| spectrum of sensitivity of acyclovir of herpes simplex virus clinical isolates. | hsv-1 and hsv-2 clinical isolates were tested for their in vitro sensitivity to acyclovir. the median id50 for 32 genital hsv-2 isolates was 0.215 micrograms/ml and this was not significantly higher than a median value of 0.125 micrograms/ml for 28 oral hsv-1 isolates (p = 0.08). a wider range of id50s was observed with the hsv-2 isolates compared with the hsv-1 isolates. the concentration of drug required to inhibit virus replication by 90 and 99 percent was approximately 10- and 100-fold great ... | 1982 | 6285726 |
| mechanism of action and selectivity of acyclovir. | acyclovir, an acrylic purine nucleoside analog, is a highly potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus (hsv), types 1 and 2, and varicella zoster virus, and has extremely low toxicity for the normal host cells. this selectivity is due to the ability of these viruses to code for a viral thymidine kinase capable of phosphorylating acyclovir to a monophosphate; this capability is essentially absent in uninfected cells. the acyclovir monophosphate (acyclo-gmp) is subsequently converted to acyclovir tr ... | 1982 | 6285736 |
| efficiency and selectivity of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and some other 5-substituted 2'-deoxypyrimidine nucleosides as anti-herpes agents. | a number of novel 5-substituted 2'deoxypyrimidine nucleosides exhibited antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 strain v3 (hsv-1-v3) when assayed under one-step conditions in primary human lung fibroblast j(phlf) cell cultures, and compared with the reference compounds cytosine arabinoside (ara-c), 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (iudr), and 5-iodo-5'amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine (aiu). the most effective of these were (in order of decreasing activity): (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-udr (brvudr) great ... | 1982 | 6285818 |
| macrophage migration inhibition as a correlate of cell-mediated immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. | mice inoculated intraperitoneally or intravenously with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) develop a focal necrotizing hepatitis. the livers show expanding foci of necrosis and increasing virus content during the first days of the infection with maximal titers achieved on day 3. the clearance of virus from the organ is manifest from day 4 onward with the most dramatic fall in virus content occurring between days 4 and 5. the development of immunity during the course of infection was assessed by ... | 1982 | 6286467 |
| intratypic and intertypic specificity of lymphocytes involved in the recognition of herpes simplex virus glycoproteins. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) were generated in c57bl/6 mice with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) (strains kos, 17, hfem, and mp) and hsv-2 (strains 186, g, and gp6). effector lymphocytes were tested for cytotoxicity against syngeneic hsv-1- and hsv-2-infected cells in a 5-h 51cr release assay. hsv-1 strain hfem was found to induce ctl efficiently only when 100-fold more virus was used as compared with hsv-1 strains kos, 17, and mp. all hsv-1 and hsv-2 strains induced cross-reactive populati ... | 1982 | 6286488 |
| identification and typing of herpes simplex viruses with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies which reacted with type-specific antigens of herpes simplex virus type 2 or with antigens shared by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 were used in an indirect immunofluorescence assay to type virus isolates and to detect viral antigens in cells obtained from herpetic lesions. complete concordance was obtained for 42 isolates typed by endonuclease restriction analysis of viral dna and by indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies. examination of a limited number ... | 1982 | 6286719 |
| failure of 2-deoxy-d-glucose in the treatment of experimental cutaneous and genital infections due to herpes simplex virus. | the effectiveness of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-dg) was evaluated in the treatment of cutaneous infections with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) in mice and genital infections with hsv type 2 (hsv-2) in mice and guinea pigs. groups of mice were inoculated in the lumbosacral or orofacial area with hsv-1 and treated topically three times a day with 0.2% or 0.5% 2-dg solution beginning 3 hr after inoculation. no effect on skin lesions, mortality, or latency was observed. mice were inoculated intravagi ... | 1982 | 6286785 |
| genital herpes in guinea pigs: pathogenesis of the primary infection and description of recurrent disease. | guinea pigs inoculated intravaginally with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) developed a self-limiting infection characterized by vesiculo-ulcerative lesions on the external genital skin, urinary retention, and hindlimb paralysis. infection rarely resulted in death. virologic, histologic, and immunoperoxidase data suggested the following scheme for viral pathogenesis: initial replication in the introitus, vagina, and bladder; spread via sensory nerves to the lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia and ... | 1982 | 6286797 |
| transfection with the isolated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase genes. ii. evidence for amplification of viral and adjacent cellular dna sequences. | we have previously described several series of biochemical transformation experiments in which small defined portions of herpes simplex virus (hsv-1 and hsv-2) dna encompassing the thymidine kinase (tk) gene were introduced into ltk- cells by the calcium transfection procedure. the presence of authentic virus tk enzyme in several subcloned cell lines derived from these experiments was confirmed by either the specific incorporation of [125i]iododeoxycytidine into their nuclei or the inhibition of ... | 1982 | 6286848 |
| clinical and virological features of herpes genitalis in japanese women. | we report herein clinical and virological findings in 35 japanese women with a confirmed herpes genitalis. the frequency of herpes genitalis was 0.24% in our obstetrical and gynecological outpatient clinic, while that in cancer screening clinics was 0.01%. eighty percent of all patients were between 20 and 49 years of age (median age of 38.5 years). genital herpes was detected more frequently in summer and autumn. virus isolations were carried out in 20 patients and 13 were positive (65.0%). of ... | 1982 | 6287795 |
| augmented immunogenicity of lewis lung carcinoma by infection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | in vitro, llt cells sustain hsv-2 replication without evidence of lysis. simultaneously, multiplication of the cells is stimulated. these xenogenized cells were tested for their immunopotentiating capacity: three-step immunization with xenogenized viable cells conferred significantly augmented transplantation resistance to a challenge graft with 4 x 10(4) intact llt cells. latency periods preceding tumor formation were increased and 15% of the mice failed to form primary tumors. metastasis was l ... | 1982 | 6288391 |
| early and delayed shut-off of host protein synthesis in cells infected with herpes simplex virus. | a mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 [hsv-1(hfem)], tsb7, appears to have two temperature-sensitive functions. one is required during the first hour of infecting a cell (suggesting that it is performed by a virion protein) and the other is the non-essential function of "early shut-off" of cellular protein synthesis, which is mediated by a virion protein. the latter function remained temperature-sensitive in a revertant virus (rc2) grown at the non-permissive temperature (39 degrees c). howeve ... | 1982 | 6288847 |
| animal studies on the efficacy of vaccination against recurrent herpes. | guinea pigs, latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv 2), were immunized with an hsv 2 vaccine derived from extracts of infected cells and either formol inactivated or detergent treated. although such postinfection vaccination could significantly increase the titers of neutralizing antibodies, it had no effect on the course of recurrent herpes in these animals. | 1982 | 6289061 |
| neutralization of herpes simplex virus by antibody in amniotic fluid. | the ability of amniotic fluid to neutralize herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was quantitated and compared with the serum neutralization titer in 158 pregnant women. neutralizing activity was expressed as the ability of 0.1 ml of amniotic fluid to reduce the expected number of plaque-forming units (pfu) in the inoculum by 99%. all amniotic fluid samples from 32 women with serum titers of 1:40 or greater neutralized 5 pfu or more; at term, 96% of these fluid samples neutralized 50 pfu or more, ... | 1982 | 6289206 |
| clinical and virologic studies on female genital herpes. | ninety women with genital herpes were studied clinically and virologically. from a clinical standpoint, these patients could be classified into 3 clinical types--acute, recurrent, and provoked. when herpes simplex virus (hsv) strains isolated from these patients and asymptomatic virus secretors were typed, 36 strains were determined to be type 1 (hsv-1) and the remaining 54 to be type 2 (hsv-2). the acute type was caused by primary infection of hsv-1 or hsv-2 as well as by infection of hsv-2 in ... | 1982 | 6289208 |
| [humoral immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2 in cervical cancer]. | the analysis of the results of serological studies revealed differences between the number of positively reacting sera from patients with cervical carcinoma and from normal women. the activity of complement-fixing and virus-neutralizing antibodies in the patients' sera and the frequency of their detection were higher than in the sera from normal subjects. these results in combination with other methods of laboratory examinations may be used for early detection of cervical carcinoma as well as fo ... | 1982 | 6289530 |
| the effect of prostaglandins on the multiplication and cell-to-cell spread of herpes simplex virus type 2 in vitro. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) after infecting an individual has the ability to remain latent in nervous tissues. the factors that control herpesvirus infection, latency, and reactivation are poorly understood. fever, menstruation, emotional stress, exposure to sunlight, and surgical resection have been associated with activation of latent herpes. the situations which activate latent herpes are associated with a local or systemic rise in prostaglandins. the data presented show that prostagl ... | 1982 | 6289665 |
| protection against lethal challenge of balb/c mice by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies to five glycoproteins of herpes simplex virus type 2. | monoclonal antibodies secreted by six hybridomas and recognizing antigenic sites on glycoproteins gc, gab, gd, ge, and gf of herpes simplex virus type 2 were examined for their ability to protect balb/c mice from lethal infection by the virus. administration of monoclonal antibodies to individual glycoproteins intraperitoneally 3 h before footpad challenge with 10 times the 50% lethal dose of virus protected between 35 and 75% of the mice, except for one of two monoclonal antibodies recognizing ... | 1982 | 6290390 |
| early interactions of herpes simplex virus with mouse peritoneal macrophages. | adsorption of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) to resident peritoneal macrophages (pm) of 4-week-old swiss albino (sa) and gr/afib mice was studied. a significantly (p less than 0.05) higher hsv-2 adsorption rate was found with pm of sa mice than with pm of gr/afib mice. of added hsv-2 65% bound to the cells of sa mice over a 120-min period versus 15% to pm of gr/afib mice. only 15 to 20% of added hsv-1 bound to pm regardless of the mouse strain. these patterns of adsorptio ... | 1982 | 6290397 |
| herpetic proctitis and meningitis: recovery of two strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 from cerebrospinal fluid. | a patient with simultaneous proctitis and meningitis due to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) was extensively investigated. in both disease locations the infection was clinically evident and culture-proven. analysis by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of rectal isolates revealed both hsv-1 and hsv-2. the cerebrospinal fluid harbored two apparently different strains of hsv-1, one of which was shown by restriction endonuclease analysis to be identical w ... | 1982 | 6290573 |
| genomic location and lack of phosphorylation of the hsv immediate-early polypeptide ie 12. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) induces an immediate-early (ie) polypeptide ie 12. an equivalent polypeptide coded by hsv-2 which migrated slightly more slowly on sds-polyacrylamide gels was identified and designated ie 12.3. analysis of the serotype of the ie polypeptide induced by five hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants when correlated with their genome structures showed that ie 12/ie 12.3 mapped in the region spanning the trs/us junction. unlike four other ie polypeptides induced by hsv- ... | 1982 | 6290593 |
| [morphological, cytogenetic and proliferative characteristics of syrian hamster htc-2 and htc-1 cells and of the htct tumor cell line transformed by herpes simplex type 2 virus]. | morphological, caryological, cytoproliferative, and isoenzyme studies of syrian hamster cells htc-2 and htc-1 transformed by herpes simplex virus type 2 and a htct line of tumor cells were carried out. the hamster origin of these cell lines was established by chromosomal analysis and electrophoretic mobility of lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase isoenzymes. the transformed and tumor cell lines differ from normal cells by altered morphology, an aneuploid chromosome set an ... | 1982 | 6291246 |
| capacity of deoxycytidine to selectively antagonize cytotoxicity of 5-halogenated analogs of deoxycytidine without loss of antiherpetic activity. | enzyme kinetic studies from this laboratory (m. dobersen and s. greer, biochemistry 17:920-928, 1978) suggested that deoxycytidine could antagonize the toxicity of 5-halogenated analogs of deoxycytidine without interfering with their antiviral activity. antagonism by deoxycytidine of the toxicity of 5-chlorodeoxycytidine without impairing its anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 activity is demonstrated in the present studies. tetrahydrouridine, an inhibitor of cytidine deaminase, was utilized. the ... | 1982 | 6291452 |
| genital herpes simplex infections in israel: 1973 throughout 1980. | ninety-eight cases of genital herpes simplex virus infection (hsv-2) were confirmed by laboratory examinations during the years 1973-80. until 1975 there were less than five cases per year, but from 1976 the number of cases gradually increased, reaching 24 in 1980. the age distribution is typical of a sexually transmitted disease; and since the peak of susceptibility is at childbearing age, an increase in neonatal hsv infection could be expected. in 1980, laboratory testing confirmed neonatal hs ... | 1982 | 6292133 |
| correlation of the virus sequence content and biological properties of cells carrying the herpes simplex virus type 2 thymidine kinase gene. | seven cell lines, transformed to a thymidine kinase-positive phenotype with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) dna fragments, have been examined to determine their virus-specific dna sequence content. the results are consistent with the reported map position of the hsv-2 thymidine kinase gene. different cell lines contained different amounts of non-selected virus-specific sequences and this correlated with the ability of some cell lines to compensate the deficiencies in some temperature-sensiti ... | 1982 | 6292338 |
| transfection with the isolated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase genes. i. minimal size of the active fragments from hsv-1 and hsv-2. | we have defined the minimal size and physical map locations in the genomes of both herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) for dna sequences capable of conferring stable biochemical transformation under thymidine kinase (tk) selection. the experiments involved transfection of ltk- cells with either isolated virus dna fragments or cloned pbr322 plasmids containing the 3.5 kilobase (kb) bamhi-o fragment from hsv-1(mp) or the 5.6 kb sali-g fragment from hsv-2(333). mapping of restricti ... | 1982 | 6292348 |
| isolation and characterisation of two strains of herpesvirus hominis type 1 from fallopian tubes. | herpesvirus hominis type 1 (hsv-1) was isolated from fallopian-tube biopsies of two women who were using an intra-uterine contraceptive device; the strains were isolated on different dates and at different hospitals. both the isolates were shown to be hsv-1 by restriction-enzyme analysis, polypeptide profiles and indirect immuno fluorescence; the two isolates could not be distinguished by these tests, but the tests distinguished them from hsv-1 strain 71-15 and hsv-2 strain 333. the viruses were ... | 1982 | 6292427 |
| expression of cloned herpesvirus genes. i. detection of nuclear antigens from herpes simplex virus type 2 inverted repeat regions in transfected mouse cells. | three different recombinant plasmids containing the entire 15-kilobase l and s inverted repeat sequence of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna have been introduced into cultured ltk- or bsc cells by both the calcium and deae-dextran transfection procedures. in each case, after 24 h approximately 1% of the cells gave strongly positive nuclear staining when assayed by immunofluorescence with hyperimmune antisera made against early and immediate-early infected-cell polypeptides. the nuclear fluorescenc ... | 1982 | 6292452 |
| glycoproteins of herpes simplex virus type 2 as defined by monoclonal antibodies. | we used monoclonal antibodies reacting with glycoproteins specified by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) to characterize the individual antigens in terms of structure, processing, and kinetics of synthesis in bhk or vero infected cells. our results provided a direct demonstration of the structural identity of the ga and gb proteins of hsv-2 as well as confirmation of the existence of type-specific and type-common domains within the gd molecule. they also show that, with the exception of gc, pr ... | 1982 | 6292496 |
| herpes simplex virus glycoprotein ga/b: evidence that the infected vero cell products comap and arise by proteolysis. | we recently reported (pereira et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 78:5202-5206, 1981) that herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 glycoproteins, previously designated ga and gb, could not be differentiated by a bank of independently derived type-specific and type-common monoclonal antibodies. we also reported that from lysates of infected vero cells, all but one monoclonal antibody precipitated ga/b glycoproteins which had faster electrophoretic mobility than the corresponding infected hep-2 cell glycop ... | 1982 | 6292507 |
| unusual serologic response to two patients to an early antigen of herpes simplex virus type 2. | two patients infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) who were free of recurrences over a 13-14-month period had an unusually high titer (greater than 1:48) of complement-fixing antibody to the early antigen (ag-4) of hsv-2. their response was also unusual in that it was an igg complement-fixing antibody rather than igm, which normally is found in patients with hsv-2 infection. the antibody was also present 13-14 months after the episode of hsv-2 disease, whereas in other patients, the ... | 1982 | 6293106 |
| [transformation and malignant degeneration of newborn hamster cells inoculated with herpes simplex virus type 2]. | | 1982 | 6293203 |
| comparison of the in vitro and in vivo anti-herpes activities of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylthymine and its 5'-monophosphate. | in vitro and in vivo anti-herpes activities of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylthymine 5'-monophosphate (ara-tmp) were compared with those of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylthymine (ara-t). on a molar basis ara-tmp was almost as active as ara-t against six strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) as monitored by a cytopathogenicity-inhibition and a plaque reduction assay in human embryonic lung fibroblast cells. when tested against experimental encephalitis in mice inoculated intrace ... | 1982 | 6293376 |
| comparison of restriction endonuclease profiles of dna from local herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strains. | comparisons of restriction endonuclease profiles of dna isolated from nine genital hsv-2 strains isolated from 1973 to 1981 were made using six restriction endonucleases (bgl ii, hind iii, xba 1, eco ri, bam hi and hpa i). the only variation detected in the dna profiles was found with eco ri and bam hi, and in each case all the isolates could be classified into two groups. the difference between the two eco ri groups could be accounted for by the absence of an eco ri cleavage site from the hsv d ... | 1982 | 6293436 |
| chemical interactions with herpes simplex type 2 virus: enhancement of transformation by selected chemical carcinogens and pro-carcinogens. | quantitative assays for the morphological transformation of 3t3 swiss mouse cells by herpes simplex type 2 virus (hsv-2) were employed to examine the effect on cell transformation of chemical carcinogens and pro-carcinogens. the carcinogens tested were n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine, quinacrine mustard, n-nitrosomethyl urea, urethane, and benzene. the pro-carcinogens tested were n-nitrosodimethylamine, 3-methylcholanthrene, benzo[a]pyrene, and p-dimethylaminoazobenzene. exposure of the cel ... | 1982 | 6293737 |
| detection by rna blot hybridization of rna sequences homologous to the bglii-n fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna. | rna species, extracted at the time of peak synthesis of the alpha, beta, and gamma classes of herpes simplex virus polypeptides from lytically infected vero cells, were examined for homology to the bglii-n fragment (map units 0.58 to 0.63) of herpes simplex virus type 2 dna. by using northern blot analysis, two major and several minor polyadenylated rna species showed homology to the bglii-n fragment at times corresponding to the maximum synthesis of the beta (7 h postinfection) and gamma (12 h ... | 1982 | 6294326 |
| [acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome, opportunistic infections and homosexuality. presentation of 3 cases studied in switzerland]. | three cases of multiple opportunistic infections in previously healthy homosexual males were observed in 3 different university hospitals in switzerland. two of the patients died. infections were multiple, with p. carinii pneumonia (3 cases), chronic mucocutaneous ulcers probably due to herpes simplex virus (2 cases), mucosal candidiasis (2 cases) and disseminated infections due to cytomegalovirus (1 case) and mycobacterium avium (1 case). all patients had depressed cellular immunity with marked ... | 1982 | 6294820 |
| chromosomal organization of the herpes simplex virus type 2 genome. | | 1982 | 6294981 |
| a herpesvirus antigen in human premalignant and malignant cervical biopsies and explants. | cervical biopsies and explant cultures from patients with squamous metaplasia, various grades of dysplasia, carcinoma in situ (cis), and invasive squamous cell carcinoma were screened for vp143, an early nonstructural polypeptide of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), vp143 was identified in 31% of biopsies exhibiting severe dysplasia, 29% with cis, and 41% with invasive squamous cell carcinoma. similar results were obtained when explants derived from these biopsies were examined for vp143. the ... | 1983 | 6295165 |
| efficacy of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine against different herpes simplex virus strains in cell culture and against experimental herpes encephalitis in mice. | (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (brvudr) showed strong antiviral activity against different laboratory strains and clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) on primary rabbit testes (prt) cells with a 50% inhibition of plaque formation (id50) at 0.01-0.02 microm. one laboratory strain (hsv-1-s), however, was completely refractory even at concentrations as high as 100 microm. in contrast, the id50s for all herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strains were about 10(2) - 10(3) tim ... | 1982 | 6295273 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of dna from genital isolates of herpes simplex virus type 2. | high-resolution restriction endonuclease analysis of dna from multiple herpes simplex virus type 2 isolates from 30 patients at a single clinical center has indicated that herpes simplex virus type 2 dna sequences are highly conserved. however, the use of six endonucleases, ecori, bglii, hindiii, kpni, bamhi, and ssti, established that each patient was infected by a unique virus. comparison of virus isolates from the same patient show that the most sequence variation occurred in the terminal and ... | 1982 | 6295948 |
| virus-induced thymidine kinases as markers for typing herpes simplex viruses and for drug sensitivity assays. | a rapid, reproducible and objective new method for typing herpes simplex viruses type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) based on the effects of virus-induced thymidine kinases on various antiviral drugs has been developed. when several laboratory strains and clinical isolates were typed by this method and compared to the results obtained by the immunofluorescence antibody typing method, agreement was found for all the viruses. the new technique has the added advantage of determining the sensitivity o ... | 1982 | 6296179 |
| monoclonal antibodies to three non-glycosylated antigens of herpes simplex virus type 2. | | 1982 | 6296279 |
| inversion of the two segments of the herpes simplex virus genome in intertypic recombinants. | we have analysed by restriction site mapping the structures of the termini and l-s joint in several hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants, including bx1(28-1), the virion dna of which has a marked overabundance of one orientation of the l segment, and subclones of bx1(28-1). all recombinants with both orientations of l present in equal amounts contain trl and irl regions derived at least in part from the same parent (hsv-1 or hsv-2) as a result of previously undetected crossovers in these regions. ... | 1983 | 6296294 |
| either orientation of the l segment of the herpes simplex virus genome may participate in the production of viable intertypic recombinants. | we have analysed the genome structures of 90 recombinant viruses produced by co-infection of baby hamster kidney cells with the dna of a herpes simplex virus type 1 temperature-sensitive mutant (tsd) and specific dna fragments of wild-type herpes simplex virus type 2 at non-permissive temperature. crossovers were located predominantly in regions of greatest intertypic homology, and we conclude that primary recombination occurred with the l segment of the genome in either orientation. | 1983 | 6296303 |
| herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 induce shutoff of host protein synthesis by different mechanisms in friend erythroleukemia cells. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 disrupt host protein synthesis after viral infection. we have treated both viral types with agents which prevent transcription of the viral genome and used these treated viruses to infect induced friend erythroleukemia cells. by measuring the changes in globin synthesis after infection, we have determined whether expression of the viral genome precedes the shutoff of host protein synthesis or whether the inhibitor molecule enters the cells as part of ... | 1983 | 6296433 |
| characterization of herpes simplex virus 2 temperature-sensitive mutants whose lesions map in or near the coding sequences for the major dna-binding protein. | by marker rescue with cloned herpes simplex virus 2 dna fragments, we have mapped the temperature-sensitive mutations of a series of herpes simplex virus 2 mutants to a region of the herpes simplex virus 2 genome that lies within or near the coding sequences for the major dna-binding protein, icp8. in cells infected with certain of these mutants at the nonpermissive temperature, the association of the major dna-binding protein with the cell nucleus was defective. in these cells, the dna-binding ... | 1983 | 6296440 |
| genetic analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants which define the genes for the major herpes simplex virus type 2 dna-binding protein and a new late function. | eleven temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) exhibit overlapping patterns of complementation that define four functional groups. recombination tests confirmed the assignment of mutants to complementation groups 1 through 4 and permitted the four groups to be ordered in an unambiguous linear array. combined recombination and marker rescue tests (a. e. spang, p. j. godowski, and d. m. knipe, j. virol. 45:332-342, 1983) indicate that the mutations lie in a tight clust ... | 1983 | 6296441 |
| genetic analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants which define the gene for the major herpes simplex virus type 1 dna-binding protein. | we have assigned eight temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 to complementation group 1-1. members of this group fail to complement mutants in herpes simplex virus type 2 complementation group 2-2. the mutation of one member of group 1-1, tsha1 of strain mp, has been shown to map in or near the sequence which encodes the major herpes simplex virus type 1 dna-binding protein (conley et al., j. virol. 37:191-206, 1981). the mutations of five other members of group 1-1 map in ... | 1983 | 6296442 |
| molecular genetics of herpes simplex virus. viii. further characterization of a temperature-sensitive mutant defective in release of viral dna and in other stages of the viral reproductive cycle. | previous studies have shown that cells infected with the herpes simplex virus 1(hfem) mutant tsb7 and maintained at the nonpermissive temperature fail to accumulate viral polypeptides. analyses of intertypic recombinants generated by marker rescue of tsb7 with herpes simplex virus 2 dna fragments localized the mutation between 0.46 and 0.52 map units on the viral genome (knipe et al., j. virol. 38:539-547, 1981). in this paper we report that the mutation in tsb7 affects several aspects of the re ... | 1983 | 6296445 |
| enhancement of lewis lung carcinoma by the concomitant infection of the host with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2. | infection with herpes simplex virus (hsv) enhances the growth of lewis lung tumor (llt). infection with hsv-1 enhances as efficiently as hsv-2. a significant acceleration of primary tumor formation was obtained. in mice, lung metastases were increased in number and size above the controls. enhancement occurred only with high doses of infectious virus and was also obtained only when the virus infection was at a site close to that of the tumor implantation. this finding, in addition to the lack of ... | 1983 | 6296746 |
| fatal systemic herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in a healthy young woman. | a previously healthy 28-year-old woman without historic or anatomic evidence of immunologic defect had a genital herpes simplex virus infection that rapidly progressed to systemic disease, with death 12 days after the onset of illness. herpes simplex virus type 2 was isolated from the liver and spleen and was also shown by direct immunofluorescence in the liver and spleen, but not in the brain. we have found no previously reported instance of death from this virus in a young adult uncompromised ... | 1983 | 6297097 |
| synergism among biolf-62, phosphonoformate, and other antiherpetic compounds. | 9-[[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl]guanine (biolf-62) is highly synergistic with either phosphonoformate or phosphonoacetate when used in combination against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in vitro. acycloguanosine did not show significant synergism with these two compounds. bromovinyldeoxyuridine and phosphonoformate were highly synergistic against herpes simplex virus type 2, but not against type 1. | 1982 | 6297382 |
| properties of a herpes virus-transformed hamster cell line--i. growth and culture characteristics of sublines of high and low metastatic potential. | a herpes virus hominis type 2-induced tumour line of the syrian hamster, designated hsv-2-333-2-26, exhibited a low level of spontaneous metastasis from the primary subcutaneous tumour mass. two lung foci, met a and met b, were resected and transplanted s.c.; both lines showed an elevated metastatic potential compared with the parent cell line such that all animals inoculated with these cells developed metastatic disease within 40 days after resection of the primary tumour. neither the rapidity ... | 1982 | 6297914 |
| effect of phosphonoformate on symptomatic genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection of guinea pigs. | using a guinea pig model of genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 infection, phosphonoformate treatment initiated after the onset of symptoms had a therapeutic effect on the outcome of disease. severity of disease, viral shedding, and hsv-induced cellular changes in vaginal cytology were significantly reduced in drug-treated animals as compared to sham-treated animals, although virus was readily detected in the nervous system of animals from both groups. the percentage of animals harboring l ... | 1983 | 6298142 |
| induction of a latent herpes simplex virus from a rat tumour initiated by herpes simplex virus-transformed cells. | a rat tumour induced by cells transformed with the sheared dna of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 hfem alpha (re2a) was injected with the intertypic virus hsv-2 hg52 ts 1. separate plaques, isolated from cocultivation of excised tumour tissue with susceptible cells, yielded virus the dna of which had the restriction enzyme profile either of the injected hsv-2 virus or that of the hsv-1 virus, originally used to transform the cells. no evidence of in vivo recombination was detected. in hooded l ... | 1983 | 6298356 |
| inapparent genital herpes simplex virus infection in college women. | during a six-month period, 600 gynecological samples were collected from 585 women with typical herpes lesions, women with non-herpes symptoms (ie, vaginitis, moniliasis, trichomoniasis, etc), and normal women seen at the student health center gynecological clinic and processed for herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolation. from these specimens, 29 samples from 25 of the 585 women (4.3%) were positive for hsv. when these isolates were typed using plaque diameter in chick cells, heat stability of vira ... | 1982 | 6298359 |
| application of denatured, electrophoretically separated, and immobilized lysates of herpes simplex virus-infected cells for detection of monoclonal antibodies and for studies of the properties of viral proteins. | we report the use of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)- and hsv-2-infected cell polypeptides (icps) separated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels and transferred to nitrocellulose to (i) detect monoclonal antibodies to viral polypeptides and to (ii) study the properties of the proteins with the monoclonal antibodies. our results were as follows. (i) when the antigens were electrophoretically separated in denaturing gels and then immobilized on nitrocellulose strips, we detected a greater ... | 1983 | 6298448 |
| an immunologically active chimaeric protein containing herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein d. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) cause both persistent and latent infections, including recurrent cutaneous disease, lethal neonatal disease, central nervous system disease and other clinical syndromes. modified live vaccines or conventionally prepared subunit vaccines have generally been unsuccessful in the treatment of hsv-1 and hsv-2 infections from the standpoints of safety and efficacy. it has been established that hsv-1 and hsv-2 infectivity may be neutralized in vitr ... | 1983 | 6298636 |
| is ribonucleotide reductase the transforming function of herpes simplex virus 2? | transformation of cells by herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) can be induced by the bglii c (0.43-0.58 map units) or n (0.58-0.625) fragments of the viral genome. sequences partially overlapping both fragments (0.566-0.602) encode two 3' coterminal mrnas; these in turn direct the synthesis of two related polypeptides of molecular weight 140,000 (140k) and 35k (refs 4, 7), which may be involved in transformation. recently, a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutation affecting hsv-induced ribonucleotide red ... | 1983 | 6298637 |
| characterization of an herpes simplex virus type 2 mutant, which is resistant to acycloguanosine and causes fusion of bsc1 cells. | a mutant of herpes simplex virus type 2, which induces low levels of thymidine-kinase activity in infected bsc1 cells and consequently able to grow in the presence of acycloguanosine, was isolated. this mutant has also been shown to cause fusion of bsc1 cells. in bsc1 cells, co-infected with the wild-type strain and the mutant, the yield of each of the two viruses was normal but the rounding and aggregation of cells observed, resembled that found in wild-type infected cultures. when the mixed in ... | 1982 | 6299232 |
| imide derivatives of 3-nitro-1.8-naphthalic acid: their inhibitory activity against dna viruses. | the antiviral action of a new drug, 5-amino-2-(dimethylaminoethyl)-benzo-[de]-isoquinolin-1.3-dione has been studied against herpes simplex type 2 (hsv-2) and adenovirus type 5 (ad-5) grown in vero cells. the concentration of the drug which gives a 5 log10 reduction in virus titer was 4 micrograms/ml (maximum tolerated concentration) for hsv-2. the anti-hsv-2 activity of this compound was one log. more powerful than that of iododeoxyuridine (idu). at this concentration the drug shows virucidal a ... | 1982 | 6299235 |
| abortive infection of neural cells by herpes simplex virus type 2. | the nature of the refractoriness of c6 rat glioma cells to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was examined. infection of c6 cells with hsv-2 results in low virus yields, not exceeding the input virus. although virus growth studies suggested a restricted cycle of virus replication, synthesis of hsv-2 dna and hsv-2-specific antigens could not be detected. in addition, hsv-2 yields in c6 cells were unaffected by interferon, cycloheximide, tunicamycin, actinomycin d and cytosine arabinoside. howeve ... | 1982 | 6299239 |
| modification of herpes 2-transformed cell-induced tumors in mice fed different sources of protein, fat and carbohydrate. | the effects of different sources of protein (milk, soy, wheat, fish and beef), fat (corn oil and butter), and carbohydrate (dextrin and sucrose) on tumor development and on spleen characteristics were investigated in balb/c mice injected subcutaneously with 5 x 10(5) herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed cells (h238 cells). low or high levels of protein and fat were used. several weeks post-injection results indicated that a high level of fat significantly enhanced tumor incidence. a high fat ... | 1982 | 6299511 |
| different weekly changes in immune response in virus-transformed cell-injected mice fed two different diets. | changes in tumor development and in certain immune responses were investigated at 7-weekly intervals after subcutaneous injection of 5 x 10(5) herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed cells (h238 cells) into male balb/c mice fed 2 different diets. one diet contained 11% casein and 5% fat while the other had 11% supplemented wheat gluten and 30% fat. weanling mice (140/group) were fed one or the other of the diets for 12 weeks before injection and subsequent testing of 15 injected and 5 non-inject ... | 1982 | 6299512 |
| herpes virus-related antigens in herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed cells in the course of cervical carcinoma. | anticomplement immunofluorescence (acif) technique was applied to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-transformed cells (333-8-9) and to cells lytically infected with hsv-2 in sera from women with cervical carcinoma. there was a correlation between the positive results with both types of cells. long-term survivors suffering from cervical cancer showed a high percentage of positive immunofluorescence (if) reactions in hsv-2 transformed cells (77%) as well as in cells lytically infected with hsv-2 ... | 1982 | 6299751 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies to hsv-1 and hsv-2 for serological analysis of the viral glycoproteins. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) specify four major glycoproteins designated ga/gb, gc, gd and ge. type-specific and cross-reacting monoclonal antibodies to the viral glycoproteins have been used to probe their antigenic determinants. our studies show the following: (i) type-specific monoclonal antibodies are suitable reagents for serotyping isolates. discriminating monoclonal antibodies distinguish antigenic variants among the strains of each serotype. (ii) glycoproteins ga ... | 1982 | 6299824 |
| development of sensitive and enzyme-linked immunoassays for herpesvirus antigens and some applications. | sensitive enzyme-linked immunoassays for herpes simplex virus (hsv), cytomegalovirus (cmv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were developed. both a sandwich technique, using antiviral antibodies from two species to detect the antigen, and an inhibition assay where the sample antigen was incubated with one antiserum, could be used. around 4-50 ng of viral antigens (measured as protein content) could be detected. the elisa inhibition technique using type-specific antisera could differentiate betwee ... | 1982 | 6299833 |
| application of molecular genetics to the design of live herpes simplex virus vaccines. | in principle, several avenues for attenuation of herpes simplex viruses (hsv) are now available. these include intermixing of hsv-1 and hsv-2 genes by recombination, altering the regulation of gene expression and the deletion of viral genes not required for replication of the virus in permissive cells in culture. results of analyses of hsv-1 x hsv-2 recombinants and of mutants containing a deletion in a gene expressed early in infection showed a loss of virulence when infected by intracerebral r ... | 1982 | 6299836 |
| herpes simplex virus subunit vaccine: characterization of the virus strain used and testing of the vaccine. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) used for vaccine production was isolated from a nasal recurrent infection and propagated over a limited number of passages in human diploid cells only. it was designated as hsv-1 bw3 and has been characterized by neutralizing antibodies as a typical hsv type 1 strain. in vitro transformation studies performed with this isolate in mouse or hamster cells revealed only very low, if any, transforming capacity. a preparation of hsv-1 bw3 which can be used as seed l ... | 1982 | 6299841 |
| intertypic superinfection of herpes simplex virus in vivo leads to reisolation of latent viruses with newly acquired lymphotropic properties. | the susceptibility of juvenile tupaias to several strains of temperature-sensitive mutants of hsv-1 and 2 was tested. it was found that in all cases the animal survived an infection of 1 x 10(7) pfu of temperature-sensitive mutants which were administered intravenously. in contrast, an infection dose of 1 x 10(3) pfu of wild-type hsv-2 and 1 x 10(2) pfu or hsv-1 was fatal for juvenile tupaias. those animals which had initially been infected with the ts-mutants of hsv-1 and/or 2 were protected ag ... | 1982 | 6299861 |
| the role of herpes simplex virus in cervical and vulvar cancer. | this report extends the association of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2) with cervical cancer to vulvar carcinoma. in addition to seroepidemiologic observations linking prior hsv2 infection to genital cancer, the new evidence involves the neoplasms themselves. biopsies of cervical and vulvar cancers were found to contain hsv2-specified antigens. the virus-induced antigens are nonstructural dna-binding proteins normally present in the nuclei of infected cells; however, in the cancer cells they w ... | 1982 | 6299862 |
| a comparative analysis of restriction enzyme digests of the dna of herpes simplex virus isolated from genital and facial lesions. | the restriction endonuclease (re) cleavage patterns of the dna of herpes simplex virus (hsv) genital isolates from two geographically distinct groups and from one group of facial isolates were examined. eleven of 21 genital isolates from females, 1 of 27 genital isolates from males and all 17 of the facial isolates were hsv type 1 (hsv-1). the groups of isolates of the same serotype could not be distinguished by significant differences in the frequency of variable restriction endonuclease sites ... | 1983 | 6300289 |
| herpes simplex virus. an expanding relationship to human cancer. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) causes a wide spectrum of infectious disease in humans. during the past 15 years, evidence has accumulated indicating that, in addition, hsv may be a cause of human cancer, particularly cervical cancer. the research on hsv has taken five directions. first is detection of previous infection with hsv 2. this was the earliest approach and was performed largely with serologic assays. studies showed a higher incidence of infection with hsv-2 in cervical cancer patients as c ... | 1983 | 6300393 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies against two 75,000-molecular-weight glycoproteins specified by herpes simplex virus type 2 in glycoprotein identification and gene mapping. | we produced two monoclonal antibodies that precipitate different glycoproteins of similar apparent molecular weight (70,000 to 80,000) from extracts of cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 2. evidence is presented that one of these glycoproteins is the previously characterized glycoprotein ge, whereas the other maps to a region of the herpes simplex virus type 2 genome collinear with the region in herpes simplex virus type 1 dna that encodes gc. | 1983 | 6300459 |
| herpes simplex virus proctitis in homosexual men. clinical, sigmoidoscopic, and histopathological features. | acute herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection was detected in 23 of 102 consecutively examined, sexually active male homosexuals who presented with anorectal pain, discharge, tenesmus, or hematochezia, as compared with 3 of 75 homosexual men without gastrointestinal symptoms (p less than 0.01). findings that were significantly more frequent in men with hsv proctitis than in men with proctitis due to other infectious causes included fever (48 per cent), difficulty in urinating (48 per cent), sacral ... | 1983 | 6300674 |