| total mercury and methylmercury concentrations in fish from the mojana region of colombia. | total mercury (t-hg) and methylmercury (mehg) concentrations have been measured in the muscle tissue of 16 fish species consumed in the mojana region of colombia. t-hg analysis was performed by cold-vapor atomic-absorption spectroscopy (cv-ass) and mehg analysis by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. higher t-hg and mehg concentrations were detected in carnivorous species (t-hg = 0.371 +/- 0.172 (microg g(-1) fresh wt, mehg = 0.346 +/- 0.171 microg g(-1) fresh wt) than in non-car ... | 2008 | 17610028 |
| establishment of a panel of reference trypanosoma evansi and trypanosoma equiperdum strains for drug screening. | the animal pathogenic protozoan, trypanosoma evansi, leads to a wasting disease in equines, cattle and camels, commonly known as surra. it is extensively distributed geographically with a wide range of mammalian hosts and causes great economical loss. trypanosoma equiperdum causes a venereal disease called dourine in horses and donkeys. chemotherapy appears to be the most effective form of control for t. evansi, whereas infections caused by t. equiperdum are considered incurable. due to emerging ... | 2007 | 17624671 |
| dp-155, a lecithin derivative of indomethacin, is a novel nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug for analgesia and alzheimer's disease therapy. | dp-155 is a lipid prodrug of indomethacin that comprises the latter conjugated to lecithin at position sn-2 via a 5-carbon length linker. it is cleaved by phospholipase a2 (pla)(2) to a greater extent than similar compounds with linkers of 2, 3, and 4 carbons. indomethacin is the principal metabolite of dp-155 in rat serum and, after dp-155 oral administration, the half-life of the metabolite was 22 and 93 h in serum and brain, respectively, compared to 10 and 24 h following indomethacin adminis ... | 2007 | 17627676 |
| [reduction of in-hospital mortality and improved secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction. first results from the registry of secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction (sami)]. | in hospital mortality of acute myocardial infarction (ami) has been reduced due to the availability of better therapeutic strategies. but there is still a gap between mortality rates in randomised trials and daily clinical practice. thus, it was aim of the present registry to document the course and outcome of patients with ami and to improve patient care by implementing recent guidelines. | 2007 | 17628839 |
| five cases of ovariohysterectomy in the donkey. | | 2007 | 17630422 |
| breast-conserving therapy for palpable and nonpalpable breast cancer: can surgical residents do the job irrespective of experience? | the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of operative experience in obtaining tumor-free margins in breast-conserving therapy. in the case of palpable breast cancers, lumpectomies can safely be performed by any surgical resident. for nonpalpable breast cancers, lumpectomies should be treated only by senior residents or attending surgeons, even if supervision during the operation is given by an attending surgeon for junior residents. radicality of breast carcinoma excision, defined by ... | 2007 | 17632753 |
| development of decision making in school-aged children and adolescents: evidence from heart rate and skin conductance analysis. | age differences in decision making indicate that children fail to anticipate outcomes of their decisions. using heart rate and skin conductance analyses, we tested whether developmental changes in decision making are associated with (a) a failure to process outcomes of decisions, or (b) a failure to anticipate future outcomes of decisions. children aged 8-10, 12-14, and 16-18 years performed the hungry donkey task, a child version of the iowa gambling task, while heart rate and skin conductance ... | 2007 | 17650139 |
| pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous dose of marbofloxacin in adult donkeys. | six donkeys each received 2 mg/kg marbofloxacin as a 10 per cent aqueous solution administered intravenously. principal pharmacokinetic parameters were determined and two efficacy indices were computed by using pharmacokinetic parameters and selected mic90 values of marbofloxacin against pathogenic equine strains to predict the efficacy of the drug at this dose. the pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in donkeys was characterised by a large mean volume of distribution at a steady state (1.15 [0.09 ... | 2007 | 17660467 |
| an investigation of equine infectious anaemia infection in the central anatolia region of turkey. | in this study, 162 horses, 80 donkeys and 51 mule serum samples were collected in konya city. additionally, 64 horse serum samples from ankara and 49 samples from kayseri city were included in the study. a total of 406 serum samples were examined by agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibody to equine infectious anaemia virus (eiav) and no positive result was detected. | 2007 | 17665759 |
| symptoms of acute stress in jewish and arab israeli citizens during the second lebanon war. | the "second lebanon war" exposed northern israel to massive missile attacks, aimed at civilian centers, jewish and arab, for a period of several weeks. | 2007 | 17668139 |
| spinal cord ischemia after endovascular repair of the descending thoracic aorta in a sheep model. | spinal cord ischemia remains a devastating complication after thoracic aortic surgery. the aim of this study was to investigate the pathophysiology of spinal cord ischemia after thoracic aortic endografting and the role of intercostal artery blood supply for the spinal cord in a standardized animal model. | 2007 | 17683959 |
| laparoscopic hernioplasty in recumbent horses using transposition of a peritoneal flap. | to evaluate the efficacy of a laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty (pfh) to close anatomically the vaginal ring and to evaluate its protective effect in horses with a history of strangulated inguinal hernia (sih) against future herniation. | 2007 | 17686129 |
| mercury speciation in sediments at a municipal sewage sludge marine disposal site. | mercury speciation was performed in excess activated sewage sludge (ass) and in marine sediments collected at the aas disposal site off the mediterranean coast of israel in order to characterize the spatial and vertical distribution of different mercury species and assess their environmental impact. total hg (hgt) concentrations ranged between 0.19 and 1003ng/g at the polluted stations and 5.7 and 72.8ng/g at the background station, while the average concentration in ass was 1181+/-273ng/g. only ... | 2007 | 17692909 |
| growth enhancement effect of bzatp on primary cultured astrocytes from rat brain. | objective to explore whether bzatp could promote the growth of primary cultured astrocytes (as) of rat and its possible mechanism, and whether tgf-beta 1 was involved in the event. methods the primary cultured ass were derived from new born sprague-dawley rats. glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) immunofluorescent staining was used to check the purity of cultured as. morphometry was used to detect the changes of as. the proliferation index of as was detected by brdu incorporation assay. weste ... | 2006 | 17704843 |
| neural regulation of mucosal function. | nociceptive, parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves play critical roles in regulating glandular, vascular and other processes in airway mucosa. these functions are vital for cleaning and humidifying ambient air before it is inhaled into the lungs. recent identification of subsets of nociceptive nerves has tipped the donkey cart of dogma and led to the discovery of new receptor and ion channel families that respond to culinary odorants ("aromatherapy"), inhaled irritants, temperature and other "h ... | 2008 | 17707667 |
| efficacy of hcg and gnrh for inducing ovulation in the jenny. | knowledge about management of ovulation in the donkey is limited compared to that in the horse. this experiment was designed to evaluate the efficacy of injecting single doses of lecirelin (a gnrh-analogue) or of hcg to induce ovulation in the jenny and to determine whether effects are dependent upon follicular diameter at time of injection. ovarian activity and follicular growth were monitored by rectal ultrasonography. jennies were randomly allotted to the following groups: group gnrh, treated ... | 2007 | 17716724 |
| creation of recognition sites for organophosphate esters based on charge transfer and ligand exchange imprinting methods. | this manuscript describes a method for the selective binding behavior of paraoxan and parathion compounds on surface imprinted polymers which were prepared using both charge transfer (ct) (methacryloyl-antipyrine, maap) and ligand-exchange (le) (methacryloyl-antipyrine-gadalonium, maap-gd) monomers. these polymers were prepared in the presence of azobisisobutyronitrile (aibn) as an initiator and crosslinking edma and were imprinted with organophosphate esters. influence of ct and le imprinting o ... | 2006 | 17723730 |
| the origin of the ass, the cat, and the sheep in china. | | 1892 | 17756042 |
| an ass with abnormally developed hoofs. | | 1886 | 17781114 |
| clinical significance of anti-histidyl-trna synthetase (jo1) autoantibodies. | the clinical significance of a discovery of anti-histidyl-trna synthetase (jo1) autoantibodies patients was established in the early diagnosis of antisynthetase syndrome (ass) as the common form of this pathology is characterized by interstitial lung disease (ild), inflammatory muscle disease, and production of anti-jo1 autoantibodies. however, the specificity of such autoantibodies has to be evaluated in daily clinical practice. in this study, the clinical and prognostic profiles of 45 patients ... | 2007 | 17785330 |
| the distribution of phospholipids in some mammalian milks. | phospholipids were isolated from cow, sheep, indian buffalo, camel, ass, pig, and human milks. the distribution of phospholipids was determined by quantitative two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. the distribution of phospholipids was found to be remarkably constant in the milks of all the species studied, and it is concluded that the phospholipids probably fulfil similar or identical functions in these milks. | 1968 | 17805851 |
| fatty acid composition of milk phospholipids. iii. camel, ass, and pig milks. | phospholipids were isolated from camel, ass, and pig milks, and their fatty acid compositions were determined by gasliquid chromatography. the specific distributions of fatty acids in phosphatidyl choline (pc) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (pe) were determined. the results are compared with previous results for bovine, sheep, indian buffalo, and human milks. the milk phospholipids which were studied can be grouped, on the basis of their fatty acid compositions, into those from ruminant herbivore ... | 1968 | 17805897 |
| eu3(ass4)2 and axeu(3-y)as(5-z)s10 (a = li, na): compounds with simple and complex thioarsenate building blocks. | eu(3)(ass(4))(2) and a(x)eu(3-y)as(5-z)s(10) (a = li, na) are the members of a new thioarsenate family. they feature as(5+) and as(3+) centers, respectively. the rhombohedral eu(3)(ass(4))(2) features a new structure type consisting of eight-coordinate eu(2+) centers and ass(4)(3-) anions, whereas the monoclinic a(x)eu(3-y)as(5-z)s(10) (li(0.73)eu(3)as(4.43)s(10) and na(0.66)eu(2.86)as(4.54)s(10)) belong to the rathite sulfosalt family and are comprised of apparent [as(10)s(20)](10-) segments li ... | 2007 | 17850145 |
| is pain relief equally efficacious and free of side effects with repeated doses of oral sucrose in preterm neonates? | the aim of the present study was to examine the efficacy and potential side effects of repeated doses of oral sucrose for pain relief during procedures in nicu. thirty-three preterm neonates were randomly allocated in blind fashion into two groups, the sucrose group (sg=17) and the control group (cg=16). the responses of neonates to pain and distress were assessed during blood collection on four consecutive assessment (ass.) days. for the first assessment, the neonates did not receive any soluti ... | 2008 | 17854995 |
| genetic diversity in a feral horse population from sable island, canada. | the present-day sable island horse population, inhabiting an island off the eastern coast of canada, is believed to have originated mainly from horses confiscated from the early french settlers in nova scotia in the latter half of the 18th century. in 1960, the sable island horses were given legal protected status and no human interference has since been allowed. the objective of this study was to characterize the current genetic diversity in sable island horses in comparison to 15 other horse b ... | 2007 | 17855732 |
| risk factors for strap-related lesions in working donkeys at the world heritage site of petra in jordan. | a risk analysis was undertaken in an attempt to improve improvised rump straps on donkeys carrying tourists at the world heritage site at petra, jordan. tail-base lesions were identified in 63 of the 86 donkeys. observations and questionnaires were used to collect data relating to the straps, donkey health and human attitudes. the worse lesions were associated with padded rather than unpadded straps, if tightly fitted. padding could be a cause of, or a response to lesions, but results suggest th ... | 2008 | 17869139 |
| efficacy of a new oral lubricant solution in the management of psychotropic drug-induced xerostomia: a randomized controlled trial. | xerostomia is a subjective sensation of mouth dryness often occurring as an unwanted effect of psychotropic drugs. | 2007 | 17873673 |
| identification of alzheimer and vascular lesion thresholds for mixed dementia. | to explore the pathological substrates of mixed dementia, we performed a detailed analysis of lacunar and microvascular pathology in 156 autopsied, elderly individuals with various degrees of alzheimer's disease (ad) pathology. cognitive status was assessed prospectively using the clinical dementia rating (cdr) scale; neuropathological evaluation included braak neurofibrillary tangle (nft) and ass-protein deposition staging and bilateral semi-quantitative assessment of microvascular ischaemic pa ... | 2007 | 17878206 |
| evaluation of bacterial inactivation in prestorage pooled, leukoreduced, whole blood-derived platelet concentrates suspended in plasma prepared with photochemical treatment. | photochemical treatment (pct) with amotosalen and ultraviolet light was developed to inactivate pathogens in platelet (plt) components suspended in 35 percent plasma and 65 percent additive solution (as). because plt additive solutions (ass) are not used in the united states, this study evaluated the ability of the pct process to inactivate low levels of bacteria in pooled whole blood-derived plts (rdp) suspended in 100 percent plasma. | 2007 | 17880617 |
| glutamine and interleukin-1beta interact at the level of sp1 and nuclear factor-kappab to regulate argininosuccinate synthetase gene expression. | we previously demonstrated that the expression of the argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) gene, a key step in nitric oxide production, is stimulated either by interleukin-1beta[brasse-lagnel et al. (2005) biochimie 87, 403-9] or by glutamine in caco-2 cells [brasse-lagnel et al. (2003) j. biol. chem. 278, 52504-10], through the activation of transcription factors nuclear factor-kappab and sp1, respectively. in these cells, the fact that glutamine stimulated the expression of a gene induced by pro ... | 2007 | 17892496 |
| activated microglia cells express argininosuccinate synthetase and argininosuccinate lyase in the rat brain after transient ischemia. | argininosuccinate-synthetase (ass), argininosuccinate-lyase (asl) and nitric oxide synthase (nos) act in the l-arginine-no-l-citrulline cycle. in the rat brain, ass is expressed in neurons, asl in neurons and astroglia in the striatum, both are co-expressed with nnos in medium-sized neurons. microglia cells express inos and ass after activation but no information is available on asl and on ass/asl/inos co-expression in this glial population. the present aim was to ascertain, by immunohistochemis ... | 2007 | 17900569 |
| high affinity binding of bcl-xl to cytochrome c: possible relevance for interception of translocated cytochrome c in apoptosis. | the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and apoptosis relies on several preferential and selective interactions involving the bcl-2 family of proteins. there is, however, no direct evidence for the interaction of cytochrome c with these proteins at any stage of apoptosis. to investigate if any pro-survival protein from the bcl-2 family could intercept cytochrome c after its translocation from mitochondria, the interaction of cytochrome c with bacterially expressed human bcl-x(l) was studie ... | 2007 | 17905676 |
| pin the tail on the other donkey: allocating and avoiding injury losses after drug or device approval. | | 2007 | 17915397 |
| binding characteristics of bovine serum albumin encapsulated in sol-gel glasses: an alternative for protein interaction studies. | silica glasses doped with 500-700 microg of bovine serum albumin were prepared by the sol-gel method; two ph conditions (ph 5 and 7) were assayed for protein encapsulation. both biomaterials showed a highly porous structure, with pore sizes in the range 5-28 nm. columns packed with the ground biogels were on-line coupled to a c18 hplc column for evaluation of the entrapped protein binding properties using propranolol. binding capacities (at saturation) were approximately 3.7 and 7.1 microg of pr ... | 2008 | 17920028 |
| effect of extender, centrifugation and removal of seminal plasma on cooled-preserved amiata donkey spermatozoa. | in the donkey species, the application of cooled semen artificial insemination could aid the survival of endangered breeds. fifteen ejaculates collected from three amiata donkeys were used to evaluate the effect of three extenders on spermatozoal motility characteristics after cooling and preservation for up to 72 h. semen was diluted at a 1:4 semen:extender ratio in inra96, inra82 and inra82 added of 2% centrifuged egg yolk (inra82-y) and motility was evaluated by the computerized analyzer cero ... | 2008 | 17945340 |
| kinetic investigations of the process of encapsulation of small hydrocarbons into a cavitand-porphyrin. | exchange of guest molecules into capsule shaped host molecules is the most fundamental process in host-guest chemistry. several examples of quantitative measurements of guest exchange rates have been reported. however, there have been no reports on the activation energies of these processes. a molecule known as cavitand-porphyrin (h2cp) has been reported to have a flexible host structure capable of facilitating moderate guest exchange rates suitable for kinetic measurements of the guest exchange ... | 2007 | 17979283 |
| anti-tumor activity of arginine deiminase via arginine deprivation in retinoblastoma. | in spite of recent advances in the treatment of retinoblastoma, chemotherapy is still challenging in high-stage intraocular retinoblastoma or metastatic retinoblastoma. here, we investigated whether arginine deprivation via arginine deiminase (adi) could be a new anti-tumor therapy in retinoblastoma cells. expression of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) was detected in human retinoblastoma tissues. even with a high expression of ass, adi effectively inhibited the proliferation of retinoblastoma ... | 2007 | 17982619 |
| commiphora molmol in human welfare (review article). | the origins of myrrh and frankincense are traced to the arabian peninsula. according to herodotus (5th century bc): "arabia is the only country which produces frankincense, myrrh, cassia and cinnamon ... the trees bearing the frankincense are guarded by winged serpents of small size and various colors." diodorus siculus writes, in the second half of the first century bc, that "all of arabia exudes a most delicate fragrance; even the seamen passing by arabia can smell the strong fragrance that gi ... | 2007 | 17985580 |
| side-effects of topical androgenic and anabolic substances and steroids. a short review. | there is an increasing interest, including androgenic and anabolic substances (aas). the uncritical use may be associated with severe adverse effects. we observed five patients with different patterns of adverse reaction to aas: two females and three males, they were identified when seeking medical help and advice. the following adverse effects from of aas have been observed: deepening of the voice due to topical use of aas in an anti-cellulite cream; circumscribed hypertrichosis and late onset ... | 2007 | 17994172 |
| ass's milk in children with atopic dermatitis and cow's milk allergy: crossover comparison with goat's milk. | cow milk allergy is a common disease of infancy, often associated with atopic dermatitis (ad). avoidance of cow milk (cm) implies the use of alternative dietary supports such as mammalian milks. in this study, we assessed the tolerability and clinical effect of ass's milk (am), when compared with the largely used goat's milk (gm) in a single-blind, controlled, randomized crossover. twenty-eight children with ad and ascertained allergy to cm were enrolled. the children were randomized to am or gm ... | 2007 | 18001430 |
| adaptive time-scale feature extraction in electroencephalographic responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation. | electroencephalographic responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) gain more and more interest for basic neurophysiological research and possibly diagnostic purposes. however, the separation of magnetically from non- magnetically induced brain activity still remains a challenge due to superimposed secondary effects, in particular auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials. in this study, we use optimized tight wavelet frames for the adaptive extraction of discriminant electroe ... | 2007 | 18002585 |
| [the assessment of tiklo efficacy in patients with intermittent claudication]. | the efficacy of tiklo was compared with acetylsalicylic acid in treatment of patients with intermittent claudication. patients were divided into 2 groups (30 and 33 subjects). the first group received tiklo (250 mg, bid), the second one - thrombo ass (100 mg, qd). outcome measures included platelet aggregation, walking distance and the time of ankle-brachial index (abi) recovery after treadmill test. tiklo was shown to reduce platelet aggregation, increase pain-free walking distance and decrease ... | 2007 | 18004255 |
| passive transfer of theileria equi antibodies to neonate foals of immune tolerant mares. | equine babesiosis, a tick transmitted haemoprotozoan disease caused by theileria equi is globally distributed and responsible for heavy economic losses to the equine husbandry. equids reared in endemic areas usually pick up infection at an early age and become immune tolerant throughout their life span. we studied the level of passively transferred antibodies in neonate foals born from pre-immuned mares. latently t. equi infected pre-immuned pony and donkey mares (three each) were selected and t ... | 2008 | 18022185 |
| dipole-dipole interaction stabilizes the transition state of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease--abasic site interaction. | human apurinic/apyrimidinic (ap) endonuclease (hape) initiates the repair of an abasic site (ap site). to gain insight into the mechanisms of damage recognition of hape, we conducted surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy to study the thermodynamics and kinetics of its interaction with substrate dna containing an abasic site (ap dna). the affinity of hape binding toward dna increased as much as 6-fold after replacing a single adenine (equilibrium dissociation constant, k(d), 5.3 nm) with an ap s ... | 2008 | 18025089 |
| [acute thrombo-embolic elevated st infarct in a patient with essential thrombocytosis]. | a 48-year-old man presented with acute chest pain and a greatly increased platelet count. emergency coronary angiographic revealed thrombotic occlusion of the right coronary artery. coronary angioplasty and stenting were successfully combined with intracoronary abciximab administration. due to inadequate postinterventional platelet inhibition an intensified dual antiplatelet therapy with acetylsalicylic acid (ass) and clopidogrel was applied to prevent stent thrombosis. due to the thrombo-emboli ... | 2007 | 18026768 |
| changes in gas composition and acid-base values of venous blood samples stored under different conditions in 4 domestic species. | the effect of storage temperature and time on blood gas and acid-base values has been investigated intensively in cattle and dogs; however, data are lacking in other species. | 2007 | 18041702 |
| [treatment of locally recurrent rectal cancer]. | it has not been common practice to operate local recurrence after rectal cancer and the treatment has received little attention in the j norw medical ass. | 2007 | 18049503 |
| clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients with atherothrombosis: caprie-based calculation of cost-effectiveness for germany. | to model the 2-year cost-effectiveness of secondary prevention with clopidogrel versus aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) (ass) in german patients with myocardial infarction (mi), ischaemic stroke (is) or diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease (pad), based on caprie trial data and from the perspective of german third party payers (tpp). | 2008 | 18053318 |
| anaerobic alkane-degrading strain ak-01 contains two alkylsuccinate synthase genes. | the sulfate-reducing strain ak-01 activates alkanes via addition of the subterminal carbon to the double bond of fumarate. this reaction is similar to the action of the glycyl radical enzyme benzylsuccinate synthase (bss). it was hypothesized that strain ak-01 possesses a similar enzyme. degenerate bssa primers and inverse pcr were used to amplify two unlinked genes (assa1 and assa2), which encode catalytic subunits of glycyl radical type enzymes. subsequent genome sequencing of ak-01 revealed t ... | 2008 | 18053803 |
| [an unusual cause of recurrent chest pain in a highly trained recreational athlete]. | anamnesis: here, the case of a 48-year-old highly trained patient without classic myocardial risk factors is described who reported on frequent and recurrent angina pectoris. in a previous examination, the test for cardiac troponin t (ctnt) was slightly positive, however, cardiac examination including myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and coronary catheterization was without pathologic findings. worth mentioning in the past medical history was a rheumatoid arthritis with persistent raynaud's sym ... | 2007 | 18060614 |
| light and scanning electron microscopic study on the blood vascular system of the donkey placenta. | the donkey placenta is diffuse and epitheliochorial with numerous microplacentomes consisting of a fetal microcotyledonary and a maternal microcaruncular part. the microplacentomal vasculature during the last third of pregnancy has been investigated by light microscopy in comparison to scanning electron microscopy of the materno-fetal contact surface and corrosion casts of blood vessels after plastic instillation from either the microcotyledonary or the microcaruncular side, and, for the first t ... | 2008 | 18067487 |
| biogenic formation of photoactive arsenic-sulfide nanotubes by shewanella sp. strain hn-41. | microorganisms facilitate the formation of a wide range of minerals that have unique physical and chemical properties as well as morphologies that are not produced by abiotic processes. here, we report the production of an extensive extracellular network of filamentous, arsenic-sulfide (as-s) nanotubes (20-100 nm in diameter by approximately 30 mum in length) by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium shewanella sp. hn-41. the as-s nanotubes, formed via the reduction of as(v) and s(2)o(3)(2-) ... | 2007 | 18077394 |
| a multiplex assay to identify 18 european mammal species from mixtures using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. | a novel species-specific multiplex to identify 18 common european mammalian species (badger, cat, cow, dog, donkey, fox, goat, guinea pig, harvest mouse, hedgehog, horse, house mouse, human, pig, rabbit, rat, red deer and sheep), many of which are often associated with forensic investigations, has been developed. the assay is based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, which is commonly used in species identification and phylogeny studies. areas of homology and variation were identified and we ... | 2008 | 18080254 |
| in situ growth of nanogold on quartz crystal microbalance and its application in the interaction between heparin and antithrombin iii. | a novel biosensor for detecting antithrombin iii (at iii) was constructed based on in situ growth of nanogold on the gold electrode of quartz crystal microbalance (qcm). the growth process of nanogold was monitored by qcm in real time. heparin was used as the affinity ligand and immobilized onto the nanogold modified gold electrode. a flow injection analysis-quartz crystal microbalance (fia-qcm) system was used to investigate the relationship between nanogold growth and the at iii response. alon ... | 2008 | 18082175 |
| vaccination of sarcoid-bearing donkeys with chimeric virus-like particles of bovine papillomavirus type 1. | equine sarcoids are fibroblastic skin tumours affecting equids worldwide. while the pathogenesis is not entirely understood, infection with bovine papillomavirus (bpv) type 1 (and less commonly type 2) has been implicated as a major factor in the disease process. sarcoids very seldom regress and in fact often recrudesce following therapy. nothing is known about the immune response of the equine host to bpv. given that the viral genes are expressed in sarcoids, it is reasonable to assume that vac ... | 2008 | 18089738 |
| post mortem survey of dental disorders in 349 donkeys from an aged population (2005-2006). part 1: prevalence of specific dental disorders. | donkey dental disorders are being recognised with increased frequency worldwide and have important welfare implications; however, no detailed investigations of dental disorders in donkeys appear to have been published. | 2008 | 18096519 |
| estimation of global ventricular activation sequences by noninvasive three-dimensional electrical imaging: validation studies in a swine model during pacing. | a novel noninvasive imaging technique, the heart-model-based three-dimensional cardiac electrical imaging (3dcei) approach was previously developed and validated to estimate the initiation site (is) of cardiac activity and the activation sequence (as) from body surface potential maps (bspms) in a rabbit model. the aim of the present study was to validate the 3dcei in an intact large mammalian model (swine) during acute ventricular pacing. | 2008 | 18179521 |
| immunohistochemical localisation of intravitreally injected bevacizumab in the anterior chamber angle, iris and ciliary body of the primate eye. | to locate bevacizumab in the tissues related to neovascularisation in the anterior segment within 1-14 days after intravitreal injection in the primate eye. | 2008 | 18211933 |
| analysis of self-associating proteins by singular value decomposition of solution scattering data. | we describe a method by which a single experiment can reveal both association model (pathway and constants) and low-resolution structures of a self-associating system. small-angle scattering data are collected from solutions at a range of concentrations. these scattering data curves are mass-weighted linear combinations of the scattering from each oligomer. singular value decomposition of the data yields a set of basis vectors from which the scattering curve for each oligomer is reconstructed us ... | 2008 | 18212017 |
| immunological properties of donkey's milk: its potential use in the prevention of atherosclerosis. | donkey's milk is the best substitute of human milk for its content in lactose, proteins, minerals, and omega-3 fatty acids. here, we have evaluated the effects of colostrum and milk from donkeys (martina franca breed) on the function of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) at different intervals from lactation. colostrum induced more iga responses, while milk induced predominantly more igg responses. both milk and colostrum induced expression of cd25 and cd69 on pbmcs. the ability to ... | 2007 | 18220810 |
| detection of carbohydrate-binding proteins by oligosaccharide-modified polypyrrole interfaces using electrochemical surface plasmon resonance. | this paper reports on the use of electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (e-spr) for the detection of carbohydrate-binding proteins. the generation of an spr sensor specific to lectins arachis hypogaea (pna) and maackia amurensis (maa) is based on the electrochemical polymerization of oligosaccharide derivatives functionalized by pyrrole groups. the resulting thin conducting polymer films were characterized using e-spr and atomic force microscopy (afm). the specific binding of pna to polypyrro ... | 2008 | 18227943 |
| seroprevalence of equine babesiosis in the black sea region of turkey. | the prevalence of theileria equi and babesia caballi was determined in equid blood samples in five provinces of the black sea region of turkey by using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). of 153 samples, 53 (34.6%) and 33 (21.5%) were seropositive to b. caballi and t. equi, respectively. in addition, 8 (5.2%) of samples were seropositive to both t. equi and b. caballi. anti t. equi and b. caballi antibodies were detected in all five regions. the prevalence of b. caballi was higher tha ... | 2008 | 18234550 |
| historical highlights in cardiac pacing. | the benchmarks in cardiac pacing are identified, beginning with f. steiner (1871), who rhythmically stimulated the chloroform-arrested hearts of 3 horses, 1 donkey, 10 dogs, 14 cats, and 8 rabbits. the chloroform-arrested heart in human subjects was paced by t. greene in the following year (1872) in the uk. in 1882, h. ziemssen in germany applied cardiac pacing to a 42-year old woman who had a large defect in the anterior left chest wall subsequent to resection of an enchondroma. intentional car ... | 1990 | 18238328 |
| conservative management of hemorrhoids: a comparison of venotonic flavonoid micronized purified flavonoid fraction (mpff) and sclerotherapy. | to compare the results of the conservative management of hemorrhoids between venotonic flavonoid micronized purified flavonoid fraction (mpff) and sclerotherapy, in terms of the subjective and objective outcome of patients after a follow-up period of 2 years. | 2008 | 18239868 |
| metal protein attenuating compounds for the treatment of alzheimer's disease. | alzheimer's disease (ad) may be caused by the formation of extracellular senile plaques comprised of beta-amyloid (ass). in vitro and mouse model studies have demonstrated that metal protein attenuating compounds (mpacs) promote the solubilisation and clearance of ass. | 2008 | 18254079 |
| protection of hamsters by venezuelan equine encephalitis virus candidate vaccine v3526 against lethal challenge by mosquito bite and intraperitoneal injection. | in an attempt to improve the current live, attenuated vaccine (tc-83) for venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev), specific mutations associated with attenuation of veev in rodent models were inserted into a full-length cdna clone of the trinidad donkey strain of veev by site-directed mutagenesis. because some viruses have been reported to be more pathogenic when introduced by mosquito bite than the same virus introduced by needle inoculation, there were concerns that the presence of mosquit ... | 2008 | 18256440 |
| silence-breathing-snore classification from snore-related sounds. | obstructive sleep apnea (osa) is a highly prevalent disease in which upper airways are collapsed during sleep, leading to serious consequences. snoring is the earliest symptom of osa, but its potential in clinical diagnosis is not fully recognized yet. the first task in the automatic analysis of snore-related sounds (srs) is to segment the srs data as accurately as possible into three main classes: snoring (voiced non-silence), breathing (unvoiced non-silence) and silence. srs data are generally ... | 2008 | 18256454 |
| [optimizing spectral region in using near-infrared spectroscopy for donkey milk analysis]. | donkey milk has aroused more attention in recent years since its nutrition composition shows a higher similarity to human milk than others. due to the composition difference between cow milk and donkey milk, the present models available for cow milk analysis could not be applied to donkey milk without modifications. a rapid and reliable analysis method is required to measure the nutrition composition of donkey milk. near infrared spectroscopy is a newly developed method in food industry, but no ... | 2007 | 18260400 |
| equine parascarosis under the tropical weather conditions of ethiopia: a coprological and postmortem study. | a cross-sectional coprological survey in the regions of ada, akaki, bereh and boset, and a retrospective postmortem investigation were conducted to study the epidemiology of parascaris equorum in donkeys and horses in ethiopia. faecal samples from 803 working donkeys and 402 horses were collected, and the numbers of worms recovered from 112 donkeys examined postmortem between 1995 and 2004 were analysed. there was a high prevalence of infection and faecal egg output of p equorum in both donkeys ... | 2008 | 18263917 |
| improvement of small dairy producers in the central coast of peru. | the objective of this study was to characterize a group of small dairy producers in the central coast of peru and determine the most important limiting factors that affect animal productivity, using participatory rural appraisal methodologies. the information collected during a year included biological and socio-economic characteristics. inappropriate nutrition, management, health and reproduction were observed in most farms. the average number of animals per family was 17.3, of which 40% were b ... | 2007 | 18265870 |
| [ass in the prophylaxis of colorectal cancer]. | | 2008 | 18273585 |
| isolation of a gammaherpesvirus similar to asinine herpesvirus-2 (ahv-2) from a mule and a survey of mules and donkeys for ahv-2 infection by real-time pcr. | equids are commonly infected by herpesviruses, but isolation of herpesviruses from mules has apparently not been previously reported. furthermore, the genomic relationships among the various equid herpesviruses are poorly characterized. we describe the isolation and preliminary characterization of a mule gammaherpesvirus tentatively identified as asinine herpesvirus-2 (ahv-2; also designated equid herpesvirus-7 (ehv-7)) from the nasal secretions (ns) of a healthy mule in northern california. the ... | 2008 | 18280676 |
| trypanosomosis in the gambia: prevalence in working horses and donkeys detected by whole genome amplification and pcr, and evidence for interactions between trypanosome species. | the gambia has an increasing population of equidae largely used for agriculture and transportation. a review of cases at the gambian horse and donkey trust (ghdt) indicated that a common reason for presentation is a poorly defined medical condition often attributed to trypanosomosis. there are few reports describing the prevalence or the range of clinical signs associated with infection with different species of trypanosomes in horses and donkeys, but given the importance of these animals, the r ... | 2008 | 18289378 |
| mitochondrial dysfunction: an early event in alzheimer pathology accumulates with age in ad transgenic mice. | recent evidence suggests mitochondrial dysfunction as a common early pathomechanism in alzheimer's disease integrating genetic factors related to enhanced amyloid-beta (ass) production and tau-hyperphosphorylation with aging, as the most relevant sporadic risk factor. to further clarify the synergistic effects of aging and ass pathology, we used isolated mitochondria of double swedish and london mutant app transgenic mice and of non-tg littermates. pronounced mitochondrial dysfunction in adult t ... | 2009 | 18295378 |
| blood-feeding patterns of culex quinquefasciatus and other culicines and implications for disease transmission in mwea rice scheme, kenya. | studies were conducted in mwea rice scheme, kenya during the period april 2005 and january 2007 to determine the host-feeding pattern of culicine mosquitoes. mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors and tested for human, bovine, goat, and donkey blood meals by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. a total of 1,714 blood-engorged samples comprising culex quinquefasciatus say (96.1%), culex annulioris theobald (1.8%), culex poicilipes theobald (0.9%), aedes cuminsi theobald (1.0%), aedes tay ... | 2008 | 18297310 |
| acute stress symptoms during the second lebanon war in a random sample of israeli citizens. | the aims of this study were to assess prevalence of acute stress disorder (asd) and acute stress symptoms (ass) in israel during the second lebanon war. a telephone survey was conducted in july 2006 of a random sample of 235 residents of northern israel, who were subjected to missile attacks, and of central israel, who were not subjected to missile attacks. results indicate that ass scores were higher in the northern respondents; 6.8% of the northern sample and 3.9% of the central sample met asd ... | 2008 | 18302184 |
| comparison of the microhardness of enamel, primary and regular secondary dentine of the incisors of donkeys and horses. | the microhardness of the enamel, primary dentine and regular secondary dentine of seven donkey and six horse incisors was determined with a knoop indenter at the subocclusal and mid-tooth level. the mean microhardnesses of the donkey incisor enamel, primary dentine and secondary dentine were 264.6 63.00 and 53.6 knoop hardness number, respectively. there was no significant difference between the microhardness of the enamel and primary dentine on the incisors of the donkeys and horses, but the mi ... | 2008 | 18310559 |
| negative correlation of anti-u1rnp antibody titers and the amount of salivary secretion with age correction. | the aim of this study was to reveal whether or not the presence of anti-u1rnp antibodies is associated with a low amount of salivary secretion (ass). | 2008 | 18310968 |
| [african origin of chinese domestic donkeys]. | analysis of the 367 mtdna d-loop sequences (of which 241 sequences were collected from literature) of 399 bp in 13 chinese domestic donkey breeds revealed 96 different haplotypes with 57 polymorphic sites. the haplotype diversity and the nucleotide diversity were 0.767-0.967 and 0.014-0.032, respectively, indicating abundant genetic diversity in chinese domestic donkeys. the neighbor-joining tree of chinese domestic donkey sequences was constructed with 3 nubian wild ass sequences, 3 somali wild ... | 2008 | 18332001 |
| domestication of the donkey: timing, processes, and indicators. | domestication of the donkey from the african wild ass transformed ancient transport systems in africa and asia and the organization of early cities and pastoral societies. genetic research suggests an african origin for the donkey, but pinpointing the timing and location of domestication has been challenging because donkeys are uncommon in the archaeological record and markers for early phases of animal domestication are hard to determine. we present previously undescribed evidence for the earli ... | 2008 | 18332433 |
| [stemi network essen-in-hospital results]. | the myocardial infarction network "herzinfarktverbund essen", existing since 2004, was designed to introduce guideline therapy of st elevation myocardial infarction (stemi) into everyday clinical practice using primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) as the preferred reperfusion strategy, early prescribing recommended medication and optimizing patient's pathway from the first symptom to rehabilitation in a city of 580,000 inhabitants. | 2008 | 18344035 |
| vitamin b-sensitized photo-oxidation of dopamine. | kinetics and mechanism of the photo-oxidation of the natural catecholamine-type neurotransmitter dopamine (da) has been studied in aqueous solution, under aerobic conditions, in the presence of riboflavin (rf, vitamin b(2)) as a photosensitizer. results indicate the formation of a weak dark complex rf-da, with a mean apparent association constant k(ass) = 30 m(-1), only detectable at da concentrations much higher than those employed in photochemical experiments. an intricate mechanism of competi ... | 2008 | 18346086 |
| morphological features of the placenta at term in the martina franca donkey. | this study was designed to establish the morphological features of the placenta of the martina franca jenny. ten placentas were harvested at the time of foal delivery and examined both for gross and histological characteristics. the following factors were determined: the total weight and volume of the placenta and its components, the surface area of the allantochorion, umbilical cord length and site of insertion, and the diameter of the umbilical cord vessels and vascular pattern type. the weigh ... | 2008 | 18359069 |
| dna fragmentation in frozen sperm of equus asinus: zamorano-leonés, a breed at risk of extinction. | the dynamics of sperm dna fragmentation (sdf) and sperm viability were analyzed in frozen-thawed sperm samples of equus asinus (zamorano-leonés), a breed at risk of extinction. sperm dna fragmentation was assessed using an adaptation of the sperm chromatin dispersion test developed for stallions in five different frozen samples. sperm were thawed and incubated at different temperatures (37 degrees c, 25 degrees c, and 4 degrees c) and sdf was assessed at different times and compared. the mean sd ... | 2008 | 18367243 |
| prolonged maintenance of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate acid and adenosine triphosphate in red blood cells during storage. | current additive solutions (ass) for red cells (rbcs) do not maintain a constant level of critical metabolites such as adenosine triphosphate (atp) and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate acid (2,3-dpg) during cold storage. from the literature it is known that the intracellular ph is an important determinant of rbc metabolism. therefore, a new, alkaline, as was developed with the aim to allow cold storage of rbcs with stable product characteristics. | 2008 | 18373504 |
| a systematic review of wild burro grazing effects on mojave desert vegetation, usa. | wild burros (equus asinus), protected by the 1971 wild free-roaming horse and burro act on some federal lands but exotic animals many ecologists and resource mangers view as damaging to native ecosystems, represent one of the most contentious environmental management problems in american southwest arid lands. this review synthesizes the scattered literature about burro effects on plant communities of the mojave desert, a center of burro management contentions. i classified 24 documents meeting s ... | 2008 | 18379838 |
| zoonotic fascioliasis in donkeys: elisa (fges) and postmortum examination in the zoo, giza, egypt. | in egypt, zoonotic fascioliasis is increasing. in this study, postmortum examination of 88 donkeys used as gargantuan meal in the zoo at giza revealed hepatic fascioliasis in 15 (17.05%). the serum examination for anti-fasciola antibodies by elisa showed positivity in 12/15 with crude worm antigen, and positivity in 14/15 with locally prepared fasciola excretory-secretory (fges) antigen. the zoonotic role of animal fascioliasis was discussed. | 2007 | 18383809 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the ecology and evolution of mammalian sleep. | the amount of time asleep varies greatly in mammals, from 3 h in the donkey to 20 h in the armadillo. previous comparative studies have suggested several functional explanations for interspecific variation in both the total time spent asleep and in rapid-eye movement (rem) or "quiet" (non-rem) sleep. in support of specific functional benefits of sleep, these studies reported correlations between time in specific sleep states (nrem or rem) and brain size, metabolic rate, and developmental variabl ... | 2008 | 18384657 |
| gender and age-dependent differences in the mitochondrial apoptogenic pathway in alzheimer's disease. | age-related mitochondrial oxidative stress is highly gender dependent. the aim of this study was to determine the role of gender in the mitochondrial contribution to neuronal apoptosis in alzheimer's disease (ad). we used mitochondria isolated from brains of wistar rats to study the toxicity of ss-amyloid peptide (ass), and found that it increases mitochondrial peroxide production, nitration and oxidation of proteins, and release of cytochrome c. the toxic effects occurred in young males and in ... | 2008 | 18387371 |
| childhood sclerodermatomyositis with generalized morphea. | systemic sclerosis (ss) and dermatomyositis (dm) are both multisystem disorders and share some common clinical features. we report here an 11 year-old girl whose disease showed a changing clinical pattern from juvenile systemic sclerosis (jss) to slowly progressing juvenile dermatomyositis (jdm) and had associated generalized morphea. serological studies revealed antinuclear antibodies (ana) with a speckled pattern. topoisomerase-i (scl-70), u1 rnp (ribonucleoprotein), anti-ro, anti-la and anti ... | 2008 | 18388377 |
| donkey dental anatomy. part 2: histological and scanning electron microscopic examinations. | ten normal cheek teeth (ct) were extracted at post mortem from donkeys that died or were euthanased for humane reasons. decalcified histology was performed on three sections (sub-occlusal, mid-tooth and pre-apical) of each tooth, and undecalcified histology undertaken on sub-occlusal sections of the same teeth. the normal histological anatomy of primary, regular and irregular secondary dentine was found to be similar to that of the horse, with no tertiary dentine present. undecalcified histology ... | 2008 | 18396075 |
| donkey dental anatomy. part 1: gross and computed axial tomography examinations. | post-mortem examination of 19 donkey skulls showed that donkeys have a greater degree of anisognathia (27% width difference between upper and lower jaws) compared to horses (23%). teeth (n=108) were collected from 14 skulls and examined grossly and by computed axial tomography (cat). a greater degree of peripheral enamel infolding was found in mandibular cheek teeth (ct) compared to maxillary ct (p<0.001). a significant increase in peripheral cementum from the apical region to the clinical crown ... | 2008 | 18396076 |
| changes in arsenic speciation through a contaminated soil profile: a xas based study. | an impacted soil located near an industrial waste site in the massif central near auzon, france, where arsenical pesticides were manufactured, has been studied in order to determine the speciation (chemical forms) of arsenic as a function of soil depth. bulk as concentrations range from 8780 mg kg(-1) in the topsoil horizon to 150 mg kg(-1) at 60 cm depth. as ores (orpiment as2s3, realgar ass, arsenopyrite feass) and former pb- and al-arsenate pesticides have been identified by xrd at the site a ... | 2008 | 18406447 |
| arginine deiminase enhances mcf-7 cell radiosensitivity by inducing changes in the expression of cell cycle-related proteins. | after successful clinical application, arginine deiminase (adi) has been proposed to be a new cancer therapeutic. in the present study, we examined the effect of adi in combination with ionizing radiation (ir) on mcf-7 cell growth and clonogenic cell death. cell growth was inhibited by ir in a dose-dependent manner and adi enhanced the radiosensitivity. adi itself did not suppress the growth of mcf-7 cells due to the high level of expression of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass), which convert c ... | 2008 | 18414006 |
| autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome (gardner-diamond syndrome) associated with cutaneous vasculitis. | autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome (ass) (gardner-diamond syndrome) is characterized by painful ecchymotic lesions affecting mostly women with emotional stress. although it is widely accepted as a non-inflammatory disease, ass can be accompanied by some autoimmune diseases. in this case report, we present a case with ass associated with cutaneous vasculitis. we also briefly discuss the possible inflammatory features of ass. | 2008 | 18417404 |
| a piece of my mind. thank goodness for my ass. | | 2008 | 18430899 |
| luteal function in jennies following pgf(2alpha) treatment 3 days after ovulation. | native pgf(2alpha) and its analogs have been used in the horse mare to manipulate ovarian activity, primarily as luteolytic agents to induce estrus. despite numerous studies on the effects of these luteolysins in the mare, to date only a single investigation has been conducted in the jenny. the aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the corpus luteum (cl) to a single dose of pgf(2alpha) given 3 days (72h) after ovulation and to establish the plasma progesterone (p4) profile from pre-t ... | 2008 | 18439666 |
| activated microglia modulate astroglial enzymes involved in oxidative and inflammatory stress and increase the resistance of astrocytes to oxidative stress in vitro. | neuropathological processes in the central nervous system are commonly accompanied by an activation of microglia and astrocytes. the involvement of both cell populations in the onset and progress of neurological disorders has been widely documented, implicating both beneficial and detrimental influences on the neural tissue. nevertheless, little is known about the interplay of these glial cell populations, especially under diseased conditions. to examine the effects of activated microglia on ast ... | 2008 | 18442093 |
| characterization of clinically-attenuated burkholderia mallei by whole genome sequencing: candidate strain for exclusion from select agent lists. | burkholderia mallei is an understudied biothreat agent responsible for glanders which can be lethal in humans and animals. research with this pathogen has been hampered in part by constraints of select agent regulations for safety reasons. whole genomic sequencing (wgs) is an apt approach to characterize newly discovered or poorly understood microbial pathogens. | 2008 | 18446194 |
| polyaspartoyl.l-arginine inhibits platelet aggregation through stimulation of no release from endothelial cells. | polyaspartoyl.l-arginine (pdr) is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation ex vivo but in vitro. this study attempts to elucidate the target cell of pdr action and its action mechanism. pdr (1.7-170 microg/ml) significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in vitro in the presence of rat aortic endothelial cells (raec), no synthase inhibitor n-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name) inhibited this effect, but it was ineffective in the raec absence. correspondingly, pdr increased no level in the superna ... | 2008 | 18457831 |