| molecular identification of lutzomyia migonei (diptera: psychodidae) as a potential vector for leishmania infantum (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae). | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in brazil is caused by the protozoan leishmania infantum. this parasite is transmitted by the bite of a female sand fly. the most important sand fly species in vl transmission is lutzomyia longipalpis. in fortaleza, the capital of ceará state, brazil, the simultaneous occurrence of lutzomyia migonei and l. longipalpis was detected in localities where vl transmission is observed. the purpose of this study was to determine conclusively if l. migonei can be found natural ... | 2016 | 26995718 |
| trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities of flavonoids isolated from stevia satureiifolia var. satureiifolia. | context chagas' disease and leishmaniasis produce significant disability and mortality with great social and economic impact. the genus stevia (asteraceae) is a potential source of antiprotozoal compounds. objective aerial parts of four stevia species were screened on trypanosoma cruzi. stevia satureiifolia (lam.) sch. bip. var. satureiifolia (asteraceae) dichloromethane extract was selected for a bioassay-guided fractionation in order to isolate its active compounds. additionally, the antileish ... | 2016 | 26983579 |
| cross-protective efficacy of leishmania infantum lihyd protein against tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by leishmania major and leishmania braziliensis species. | vaccination can be considered the most cost-effective strategy to control neglected diseases, but nowadays there is not an effective vaccine available against leishmaniasis. in the present study, a vaccine based on the combination of the leishmania-specific hypothetical protein (lihyd) with saponin was tested in balb/c mice against infection caused by leishmania major and leishmania braziliensis species. this antigen was firstly identified in leishmania infantum and showed to be protective again ... | 2016 | 26976272 |
| coinfection of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and streptococcus pneumoniae in multiple cutaneous lesions. | | 2016 | 26963925 |
| identification of causative leishmania species in giemsa-stained smears prepared from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in peru using pcr-rflp. | a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) targeting the mannose phosphate isomerase gene was established to differentiate leishmania species distributed near the department of huanuco, peru. the technique was applied to 267 dna samples extracted from giemsa-stained smears of cutaneous lesions taken from patients suspected for cutaneous leishmaniasis in the area, and the present status of causative leishmania species was identified. of 114 pcr-amplified samples, 22, 19, 24 and 49 samp ... | 2016 | 26943992 |
| ultradeformable archaeosomes for needle free nanovaccination with leishmania braziliensis antigens. | total antigens from leishmania braziliensis promastigotes, solubilized with sodium cholate (dslp), were formulated within ultradeformable nanovesicles (dslp-ultradeformable archaeosomes, (dslp-uda), and dslp-ultradeformable liposomes (dslp-udl)) and topically administered to balb/c mice. ultradeformable nanovesicles can penetrate the intact stratum corneum up to the viable epidermis, with no aid of classical permeation enhancers that can damage the barrier function of the skin. briefly, 100 nm u ... | 2016 | 26934726 |
| cytotoxic cell involvement in human cutaneous leishmaniasis: assessments in active disease, under therapy and after clinical cure. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is an important public health issue worldwide. the control of leishmania infection depends on cellular immune mechanisms, and the inflammatory response may contribute to pathogenesis. a beneficial role of cd8(+) t lymphocytes has been proposed; nevertheless, other studies suggest a cytotoxic role of cd8(+) t lymphocytes involved in tissue damage, showing controversial role of these cells. the goal of the current study was to understand the immunopathology of cl and d ... | 2016 | 26928901 |
| intralesional pentamidine: a novel therapy for single lesions of bolivian cutaneous leishmaniasis. | a novel therapy, intralesional (il) pentamidine, was compared to intralesional therapy with antimony (ilsb), a world health organization-recommended therapy, for single bolivian leishmania braziliensis lesions. in study 1, 90 patients were randomized equally between three injections of ilsb over 5 days, five injections of ilsb over 11 days, and three injections of il pentamidine (120 μg/mm(2)lesion area [ilpenta-120-3]) over 5 days. cure rates at 6 months were 57% for ilsb-3 injections, 73% for ... | 2016 | 26903605 |
| functional validation of abca3 as a miltefosine transporter in human macrophages: impact on intracellular survival of leishmania (viannia) panamensis. | within its mammalian host, leishmania resides and replicates as an intracellular parasite. the direct activity of antileishmanials must therefore depend on intracellular drug transport, metabolism, and accumulation within the host cell. in this study, we explored the role of human macrophage transporters in the intracellular accumulation and antileishmanial activity of miltefosine (mlf), the only oral drug available for the treatment of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). membrane transpo ... | 2016 | 26903515 |
| ccr2 signaling contributes to the differentiation of protective inflammatory dendritic cells in leishmania braziliensis infection. | in vertebrate hosts, leishmania braziliensis parasites infect mainly mononuclear phagocytic system cells, which when activated by t helper cell type 1 cytokines produce nitric oxide and kill the pathogens. chemokine (c-c motif) receptor 2 is a chemokine receptor that binds primarily chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2 and has an important role in the recruitment of monocytic phagocytes. although it has been reported that leishmania braziliensis infection induces ccr2 expression in the lesions, the ro ... | 2016 | 26884611 |
| chemical characterization and trypanocidal, leishmanicidal and cytotoxicity potential of lantana camara l. (verbenaceae) essential oil. | drug resistance in the treatment of neglected parasitic diseases, such as leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis, has led to the search and development of alternative drugs from plant origins. in this context, the essential oil extracted by hydro-distillation from lantana camara leaves was tested against leishmania braziliensis and trypanosoma cruzi. the results demonstrated that l. camara essential oil inhibited t. cruzi and l. braziliensis with ic50 of 201.94 μg/ml and 72.31 μg/ml, respectively. l. ... | 2016 | 26875978 |
| hplc-dad phenolic profile, cytotoxic and anti-kinetoplastidae activity of melissa officinalis. | context melissa officinalis subsp. inodora bornm. (lamiaceae) has been used since ancient times in folk medicine against various diseases, but it has not been investigated against protozoa. objective to evaluate the activities of m. officinalis against leishmania braziliensis, leishmania infantum and trypanosoma cruzi as well as its cytotoxicity in fibroblast cell line. materials and methods the fresh leaves were chopped into 1 cm(2) pieces, washed and macerated with 99.9% of ethanol for 72 h at ... | 2016 | 26864563 |
| disseminated leishmaniasis by leishmania viannia subgenus: a series of 18 cases in southeastern brazil. | background. disseminated leishmaniasis (dl) is an emerging clinical form of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) that occurs mainly in northeastern brazil. this study describes 18 cases where dl has not yet been reported. methods. disseminated leishmaniasis cases were extracted from atl recorded cases between 1987 and march 2015. disseminated leishmaniasis identification was based on ≥10 mixed-type lesions, located in ≥2 body parts. results. eighteen (5.4%) patients were identified as dl. ... | 2016 | 26848483 |
| the role of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in the killing of leishmania braziliensis by monocytes from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. | human cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) caused by leishmania braziliensis, presents an exaggerated th1 response that is associated with ulcer development. macrophages are the primary cells infected by leishmania parasites and both reactive oxygen species (ros) and nitric oxide (no) are important in the control of leishmania by these cells. the mechanism involved in the killing of l. braziliensis is not well established. in this study, we evaluate the role of ros and no in the control of l. braziliens ... | 2016 | 26840253 |
| cross-protective efficacy from a immunogen firstly identified in leishmania infantum against tegumentary leishmaniasis. | experimental vaccine candidates have been evaluated to prevent leishmaniasis, but no commercial vaccine has been proved to be effective against more than one parasite species. lihyt is a leishmania-specific protein that was firstly identified as protective against leishmania infantum. in this study, lihyt was evaluated as a vaccine to against two leishmania species causing tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl): leishmania major and leishmania braziliensis. balb/c mice were immunized with rlihyt plus sa ... | 2016 | 26756314 |
| topical amphotericin b in ultradeformable liposomes: formulation, skin penetration study, antifungal and antileishmanial activity in vitro. | aiming to improve the topical delivery of amb to treat cutaneous fungal infections and leishmaniasis, ultradeformable liposomes containing amphotericin b (amb-udl) were prepared, and structural and functional characterized. the effect of different edge activators, phospholipid and amb concentration, and phospholipid to edge activator ratio on liposomal deformability, as well as on amb liposomal content, was tested. liposomes having tween 80 as edge activator resulted of maximal deformability and ... | 2016 | 26709977 |
| prenylated acylphloroglucinols with leishmanicidal activity from the fern elaphoglossum lindbergii. | purification of a diethyl ether extract of the argentinian fern elaphoglossum lindbergii afforded five new prenylated acylphloroglucinols, lindbergins e-i (1-5), of which two showed significant in vitro leishmanicidal activity against promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis and l. amazonensis. the structures of compounds 1-5 were elucidated based on analysis of their spectroscopic data and comparison with values previously reported for other phloroglucinol derivatives isolated from plant specie ... | 2016 | 26689830 |
| two cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in dutch military personnel treated with oral miltefosine. | in the netherlands, cutaneous leishmaniasis is most commonly seen in military personnel deployed on a mission or training abroad. the treatment of two dutch soldiers who acquired cutaneous leishmaniasis with oral miltefosine was evaluated. adverse effects were monitored and the improvement of skin lesions was assessed. | 2017 | 26661280 |
| parasitological confirmation and analysis of leishmania diversity in asymptomatic and subclinical infection following resolution of cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the contribution of individuals with subclinical infection to the transmission and endemicity of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is unknown. immunological evidence of exposure to leishmania in residents of endemic areas has been the basis for defining the human population with asymptomatic infection. however, parasitological confirmation of subclinical infection is lacking. | 2015 | 26659114 |
| amastin knockdown in leishmania braziliensis affects parasite-macrophage interaction and results in impaired viability of intracellular amastigotes. | leishmaniasis, a human parasitic disease with manifestations ranging from cutaneous ulcerations to fatal visceral infection, is caused by several leishmania species. these protozoan parasites replicate as extracellular, flagellated promastigotes in the gut of a sandfly vector and as amastigotes inside the parasitophorous vacuole of vertebrate host macrophages. amastins are surface glycoproteins encoded by large gene families present in the genomes of several trypanosomatids and highly expressed ... | 2015 | 26641088 |
| ultrastructural and morphological changes in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis treated with synthetic chalcones. | cutaneous leishmaniasis has an estimated incidence of 1.5 million new cases per year and the treatment options available are old, expensive, toxic, and difficult to administer. chalcones have shown good activity against several species of leishmania. however few studies have discussed the mechanisms of action and drug target of this group of compounds in leishmania. the synthetic chalcones that were evaluated in the present study were previously shown to exhibit activity against leishmania (vian ... | 2016 | 26632504 |
| prevalence and distribution of leishmania rna virus 1 in leishmania parasites from french guiana. | in south america, the presence of the leishmania rna virus type 1 (lrv1) was described in leishmania guyanensis and leishmania braziliensis strains. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence distribution of lrv1 in leishmania isolates in french guiana given that, in this french overseas department, most leishmania infections are due to these parasite species. the presence of the virus was observed in 74% of leishmania spp. isolates, with a highest presence in the internal areas of th ... | 2016 | 26598572 |
| disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia: report of 27 cases. | disseminated leishmaniasis (dl) is a poorly described disease that is frequently misdiagnosed as other clinical manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) such as diffuse cl or post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. twenty-seven cases of dl diagnosed between 1997 and 2015 are described. a higher prevalence was observed in men (mean age 32 years). the number of lesions per patient ranged from 12 to 294, distributed mainly in the upper extremities, face and trunk. the lesions were mostly plaques ... | 2017 | 26557074 |
| leishmania (viannia) naiffi: rare enough to be neglected? | in the brazilian amazon, american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) is endemic and presents a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations due, in part, to the circulation of at least seven leishmania species. few reports of leishmania (viannia) naiffi infection suggest that its occurrence is uncommon and the reported cases present a benign clinical course and a good response to treatment. this study aimed to strengthen the clinical and epidemiological importance of l. (v.) naiffi in the amazon region ... | 2015 | 26517660 |
| detection of leishmania (viannia) dna in leucocytes from the blood of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a serious and global public health issue, with the potential of developing a mucosal form, occurring as subclinical cases, and showing recurrence despite previous treatment. | 2015 | 26516978 |
| presence of anti-leishmania (viannia) braziliensis antibodies in blood donors in the west-central region of the state of paraná, brazil. | serological screening in blood banks does not include all transmittable diseases. american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) has a high detection rate in the municipalities of the state of paraná. | 2015 | 26516977 |
| expression of annexin a1 in leishmania-infected skin and its correlation with histopathological features. | the aim of this study was quantify annexin a1 expression in macrophages and cluster of differentiation 4 (cd4) + and cluster of differentiation 8 (cd8)+ t cells from the skin of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (n=55) and correlate with histopathological aspects. | 2015 | 26516965 |
| polymerase chain reaction-based method for the identification of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (viannia) guyanensis in mucosal tissues conserved in paraffin. | in the americas, mucosal leishmaniasis is primarily associated with infection by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. however, leishmania (viannia) guyanensis is another important cause of this disease in the brazilian amazon. in this study, we aimed at detecting leishmaniadeoxyribonucleic acid (dna) within paraffin-embedded fragments of mucosal tissues, and characterizing the infecting parasite species. | 2015 | 26516964 |
| leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in dogs in brazil: epidemiology, co-infection, and clinical aspects. | leishmaniasis is an endemic disease present in 98 countries. in brazil, the northeast region accounts for approximately half of the cases in humans, and has experienced an increased number of positive cases in dogs. in this study, we investigated the epidemiology of canine leishmaniasis in the city of ilhéus, bahia, using serological and molecular techniques and evaluated the possible environmental risk factors and associated clinical signs. blood samples were collected from 560 dogs in urban an ... | 2015 | 26505353 |
| potential use of interleukin-10 blockade as a therapeutic strategy in human cutaneous leishmaniasis. | interleukin-10 overproduction has been associated with worse prognosis in human cutaneous leishmaniasis, while ifn-γ-dependent responses are associated with parasite killing and host protection. innovative strategies are needed to overcome therapeutic failure observed in endemic areas. the use of monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy targeting il-10 cytokine was evaluated here. partial il-10 blockade in leishmania braziliensis whole soluble antigen-stimulated cells from endemic area cl patient ... | 2015 | 26495321 |
| experimental infection of lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (l.) amazonensis, etiological agents of american tugumentary leishmaniasis. | leishmania (l.) amazonensis (lainson & shaw, 1972) and leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (vianna, 1911) are the principal causative agents of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) in brazil. l. amazonensis also causes diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (dcl) vectored principally by lutzomyia flaviscutellata and secondarily by lutzomyia whitmani (antunes & coutinho, 1939). the latter is the most common phlebotomine in the state of maranhão, and it is the focal species for potential atl transmissi ... | 2016 | 26487245 |
| a potential role for mononuclear phagocytes in cutaneous ulcer development in human immunodeficiency virus-leishmania braziliensis coinfection. | skin ulcer development in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis infection is associated with a mononuclear cell infiltrate and high levels of tumor necrosis factor (tnf). herein, we show that despite the absence of leishmania-driven tnf, a cutaneous leishmaniasis patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome developed a skin ulcer. the presence of mononuclear phagocytes and high levels of tnf, chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2 (ccl2), and metalloproteinase-9 in tissue are identif ... | 2015 | 26483124 |
| quantitative kinetoplast dna assessment during treatment of mucosal leishmaniasis as a potential biomarker of outcome: a pilot study. | mucosal leishmaniasis (ml) is a disfiguring manifestation of leishmania (viannia) infection. we evaluated parasite load (pl) over time as a potential biomarker of treatment outcome in ml. pl was assessed with kinetoplast dna quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (kdna-qpcr) at enrollment, days 14 and 21-28 of therapy and 3, 6, 12-18, and 18-24 months after treatment of ml and correlated to demographic, clinical, and parasitologic factors. forty-four patients were enrolled: 30 men and ... | 2016 | 26483122 |
| sustained presence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in urban manaus, the largest human settlement in the amazon. | the amazon is responsible for approximately 40% of the american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) in brazil. herein the sustained presence of atl in manaus, the largest settlement in the amazon, was investigated. records of notification of historic cases, and data from cases prospectively enrolled in the tropical medicine foundation of the amazonas state were used. geographic coordinates of prospective patients' living sites were used to detect inner-city clusters of atl. infecting leishmania spec ... | 2015 | 26483119 |
| topical and intradermal efficacy of photodynamic therapy with methylene blue and light-emitting diode in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis. | the topical and intradermal photodynamic therapy (pdt) effect of methylene blue (mb) using light-emitting diode (led) as light source (mb/led-pdt) in the treatment of lesions of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) caused by leishmania braziliensis in hamsters were investigated. | 2015 | 26464777 |
| mucosal relapse one year after complete remission of cutaneous sporotrichoid leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis. | | 2016 | 26462596 |
| functional evaluation of gene silencing on macrophages derived from u937 cells using interference rna (shrna) in a model of macrophages infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | leishmaniasis development is multifactorial; nonetheless, the establishment of the infection, which occurs by the survival and replication of the parasite inside its main host cell, the macrophage, is mandatory. thus, the importance of studying the molecular mechanisms involved in the leishmania-macrophage interaction is highlighted. the aim of this study was to characterize a cellular model of macrophages derived from u937 cells that would allow for the identification of infection phenotypes in ... | 2015 | 26443923 |
| first description of migonemyia migonei (frança) and nyssomyia whitmani (antunes & coutinho) (psychodidae: phlebotominae) natural infected by leishmania infantum in argentina. | leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) disease in america, with lutzomyia longipalpis phlebotomine sandflies as its proven vectors in argentina, and infected dogs as its main urban reservoir. in puerto iguazú city (misiones province, argentina), human and canine cases of vl were recorded. additionally, in the rural area known as "2000 hectáreas", less than 10km away from the city, several human cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) were registered deter ... | 2015 | 26409011 |
| comparative genomic analysis of leishmania (viannia) peruviana and leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the leishmania (viannia) braziliensis complex is responsible for most cases of new world tegumentary leishmaniasis. this complex includes two closely related species but with different geographic distribution and disease phenotypes, l. (v.) peruviana and l. (v.) braziliensis. however, the genetic basis of these differences is not well understood and the status of l. (v.) peruviana as distinct species has been questioned by some. here we sequenced the genomes of two l. (v.) peruviana isolates (le ... | 2015 | 26384787 |
| proteins selected in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis by an immunoproteomic approach with potential serodiagnosis applications for tegumentary leishmaniasis. | the serodiagnosis of human tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) presents some problems, such as the low level of antileishmanial antibodies found in most of the patients, as well as the cross-reactivity in subjects infected by other trypanosomatids. in the present study, an immunoproteomic approach was performed aimed at identification of antigens in total extracts of stationary-phase promastigote and amastigote-like forms of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis using sera from tl patients. with the purp ... | 2015 | 26376929 |
| differential gene expression and infection profiles of cutaneous and mucosal leishmania braziliensis isolates from the same patient. | leishmaniasis is a complex disease in which clinical outcome depends on factors such as parasite species, host genetics and immunity and vector species. in brazil, leishmania (viannia) braziliensis is a major etiological agent of cutaneous (cl) and mucosal leishmaniasis (mcl), a disfiguring form of the disease, which occurs in ~10% of l. braziliensis-infected patients. thus, clinical isolates from patients with cl and mcl may be a relevant source of information to uncover parasite factors contri ... | 2015 | 26366580 |
| combined suboptimal schedules of topical paromomycin, meglumine antimoniate and miltefosine to treat experimental infection caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of binary combinations of suboptimal schedules of drugs with different administration routes (topical paromomycin, intramuscular meglumine antimoniate and oral miltefosine) to treat animals infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | 2015 | 26346991 |
| ecological aspects of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotominae) in areas of american cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the municipality of paraty, rio de janeiro, brazil. i-index of abundance by location and type of capture. | the description of the first and autochthonous case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of paraty, state of rio de janeiro, brought the interest of this study. sand flies were captured over a 3-yr period. using manual suction tubes, sand flies were collected from the inner and outer walls of homes, in the living spaces of domestic animals, and in shannon light traps, which were set up outside homes and in the forest. cdc light traps were installed inside homes, around the exte ... | 2015 | 26336245 |
| identification and functional evaluation of leishmania braziliensis nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase. | the progressive increase in leishmania resistance to current control approaches prompts the need to develop therapeutic strategies based on comprehensive knowledge of the parasite's biology. the enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (nmnat, ec 2.7.7.1) catalyzes the central step in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad(+)) biosynthesis, making it essential for the survival of all organisms. nad(+) metabolism is related to the maintenance of several biochemical, cellular, and ph ... | 2015 | 26318236 |
| a devh-box rna helicase from leishmania braziliensis is associated to mrna cytoplasmic granules. | rna helicases are ubiquitous enzymes that participate in almost all aspects of rna processing, including rna and rna-protein complex remodelling. in trypanosomatids, which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, the formation of different kinds of ribonucleoprotein granules under stress conditions modulates the parasite's rna metabolism. this paper describes the isolation of a putative devh-box rna helicase produced by promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis. using a cy3-labelled dt30 ... | 2015 | 26284493 |
| correlation between presence of leishmania rna virus 1 and clinical characteristics of nasal mucosal leishmaniosis. | mucosal leishmaniosis (ml) is a severe clinical form of leishmaniosis. complex factors related to the parasite and the host are attributed to the development of mucosal lesions. leishmania rna virus 1 (lrv1) can disrupt immune response, and may be the main determinant of severity of the disease; it should be investigated. | 2015 | 26277588 |
| quantification of leishmania (viannia) kinetoplast dna in ulcers of cutaneous leishmaniasis reveals inter-site and inter-sampling variability in parasite load. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a skin disease caused by the protozoan parasite leishmania. few studies have assessed the influence of the sample collection site within the ulcer and the sampling method on the sensitivity of parasitological and molecular diagnostic techniques for cl. sensitivity of the technique can be dependent upon the load and distribution of leishmania amastigotes in the lesion. | 2015 | 26204525 |
| genotype characterization of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis isolated from human and canine biopsies with american cutaneous leishmaniasis. | american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) can be caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis complex. the evolution of atl initially results in lesions and can develop into disseminated or diffuse forms. the genetic diversity of l. (v.) braziliensis in some endemic areas of brazil has been poorly studied, such as in the state of são paulo. this study analyzed the genetic diversity of l. (v.) braziliensis isolates collected from patients and dogs with lta from the state of são paulo. | 2017 | 26200968 |
| development of a novel formulation with hypericin to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis based on photodynamic therapy in in vitro and in vivo studies. | an evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity in vitro and in vivo of hypericin, an expanded-spectrum photosensitizer found in hypericum perforatum, is presented. hypericin was evaluated against intracellular amastigotes in vitro of leishmania (viannia) panamensis. a topical formulation containing 0.5% hypericin was developed and assayed in vivo in a hamster model of cutaneous leishmaniasis. results demonstrate that hypericin induces a significant antiamastigote effect in vitro against l. panamen ... | 2015 | 26169411 |
| association of the endobiont double-stranded rna virus lrv1 with treatment failure for human leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis in peru and bolivia. | cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis, caused in south america by leishmania braziliensis, is difficult to cure by chemotherapy (primarily pentavalent antimonials [sb(v)]). treatment failure does not correlate well with resistance in vitro, and the factors responsible for treatment failure in patients are not well understood. many isolates of l. braziliensis (>25%) contain a double-stranded rna virus named leishmaniavirus 1 (lrv1), which has also been reported in leishmania guyanensis, for which a ... | 2016 | 26123565 |
| ck2 secreted by leishmania braziliensis mediates macrophage association invasion: a comparative study between virulent and avirulent promastigotes. | ck2 is a protein kinase distributed in different compartments of leishmania braziliensis: an externally oriented ecto-ck2, an intracellular ck2, and a secreted ck2. this latter form is constitutively secreted from the parasite (csck2), but such secretion may be highly enhanced by the association of specific molecules, including enzyme substrates, which lead to a higher enzymatic activity, called inductively secreted ck2 (isck2). here, we examined the influence of secreted ck2 (sck2) activity on ... | 2015 | 26120579 |
| [infectivity of promastigotes in stationary phase of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (viannia) peruviana, in cell line dh82]. | to determine the infectivity of promastigotes of leishmania (v.) peruviana and leishmania (v.) braziliensis in monocyte-macrophage cell line dh82 of canis familiaris. | 2015 | 26102103 |
| activity of synthetic chalcones in hamsters experimentally infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the purpose of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of synthetic chalcones 1 and 2 in uninfected hamsters and anti-leishmania activity of synthetic chalcones 1 and 2 in hamsters infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. for the toxicity test, uninfected animals were treated with chalcones 1 and 2, and clinical and biochemical parameters and histological aspects of the liver and kidneys were assessed. chalcones 1 and 2 were then intraperitoneally or topically administered (10 mg/kg body ... | 2015 | 26096827 |
| outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in peruvian military personnel undertaking training activities in the amazon basin, 2010. | military personnel deployed to the amazon basin are at high risk for cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). we responded to an outbreak among peruvian army personnel returning from short-term training in the amazon, conducting active case detection, lesion sample collection, and risk factor assessment. the attack rate was 25% (76/303); the incubation period was 2-36 weeks (median = 8). most cases had one lesion (66%), primarily ulcerative (49%), and in the legs (57%). real-time polymerase chain reaction ... | 2015 | 26078320 |
| structural and functional studies of hsp70-escort protein--hep1--of leishmania braziliensis. | hep1 is a mitochondrial hsp70 (mthsp70) co-chaperone that presents a zinc finger domain essential for its function. this co-chaperone acts to maintain mthsp70 in its soluble and functional state. in this work, we have demonstrated that leishmania braziliensis mthsp70 (lbmthsp70) is also dependent on the assistance of hep1. to understand the l. braziliensis hep1 (lbhep1) structure-function relationship, we produced lbhep1 and two truncated mutants corresponding to the c-terminal zinc finger domai ... | 2015 | 26071939 |
| changes in macrophage gene expression associated with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis infection. | different leishmania species cause distinct clinical manifestations of the infectious disease leishmaniasis. it is fundamentally important to understand the mechanisms governing the interaction between leishmania and its host cell. little is known about this interaction between leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and human macrophages. in this study, we aimed to identify differential gene expression between non-infected and l. (v) braziliensis-infected u937-derived macrophages. we deployed a whole ... | 2015 | 26052705 |
| treatment of disseminated leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin b. | disseminated leishmaniasis (dl) is a severe and emerging form of american tegumentary leishmaniasis, associated primarily with infection by leishmania brasiliensis. dl is defined by the presence of ≥10 mixed-type lesions such as inflammatory papules and ulcers, located in ≥2 body parts. most patients have hundreds of lesions all over the body, and mucosal involvement is detected in up to 44% of cases. dl is a difficult to cure disease and pentavalent antimony (sb(v)) is used as standard treatmen ... | 2015 | 26048961 |
| sand fly fauna (diptera: psychodidae) from the goytacazes national forest and surrounding areas of southeastern brazil. | most studies of the sand fly fauna in southeastern brazil are conducted in the peridomiciliary environment of leishmaniasis endemic regions. therefore, to increase the knowledge about diversity and richness of sand fly conservation areas, we describe here the sand fly fauna from the national forest of goytacazes (nfg), state of espírito santo, brazil, and its surroundings areas. we also used sand fly fauna records from eight conservations units within the state of espírito santo to understand th ... | 2015 | 26047181 |
| upregulation of cysteine synthase and cystathionine β-synthase contributes to leishmania braziliensis survival under oxidative stress. | cysteine metabolism is considered essential for the crucial maintenance of a reducing environment in trypanosomatids due to its importance as a precursor of trypanothione biosynthesis. expression, activity, functional rescue, and overexpression of cysteine synthase (cs) and cystathionine β-synthase (cβs) were evaluated in leishmania braziliensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes under in vitro stress conditions induced by hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine, or an ... | 2015 | 26033728 |
| correction: prediction of cd8+ epitopes in leishmania braziliensis proteins using epibot: in silico search and in vivo validation. | | 2015 | 26030657 |
| ex vivo host and parasite response to antileishmanial drugs and immunomodulators. | therapeutic response in infectious disease involves host as well as microbial determinants. because the immune and inflammatory response to leishmania (viannia) species defines the outcome of infection and efficacy of treatment, immunomodulation is considered a promising therapeutic strategy. however, since leishmania infection and antileishmanial drugs can themselves modulate drug transport, metabolism and/or immune responses, immunotherapeutic approaches require integrated assessment of host a ... | 2015 | 26024228 |
| an atypical toxoplasma gondii genotype in a rural brazilian dog co-infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | toxoplasmosis and leishmaniasis are two worldwide zoonoses caused by the protozoan parasites toxoplasma gondii and leishmania spp., respectively. this report describes the clinical and laboratorial findings of a co-infection with both parasites in a 4-year-old female dog suspected of ehrlichiosis that presented anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, tachyzoite-like structures to the lung imprints, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) results positive for t. gondii (kidney, ... | 2015 | 25992942 |
| field validation of a leishmania (leishmania) mexicana exo-antigens elisa for diagnosing tegumentary leishmaniasis in regions of leishmania (viannia) predominance. | several tests are performed to obtain better accuracy when diagnosing american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl). it is believed that antigens released via secretion, excretion and metabolism are more specific than are antigens released by the lysis of leishmania parasites. such antigens are known as exo-antigens (exo-ag) and are formed from products released by cultured parasites in a way that is similar to that in which they cause infections in hosts. | 2015 | 25985901 |
| higher sensitivity of immunohistochemistry for bona fide diagnosis of dog leishmania (viannia) braziliensis-driven american tegumentary leishmaniasis: description of an optimized immunohistochemistry method. | the in situ detection of parasite antigens in tissue sections by immunohistochemistry (ihc) is a diagnostic alternative for human american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl), but has not been used for the diagnosis of cutaneous lesions in dogs with atl. this study describes the results of ihc for the detection of amastigote forms and other leishmania sp. antigen-positive cells and compares the results of ihc, histopathology and cytopathology for the diagnosis of canine atl. in addition, possible cr ... | 2015 | 25977396 |
| analysis of bioactivities and chemical composition of ziziphus joazeiro mart. using hplc-dad. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile and antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of ziziphus joazeiro mart. (helzj). the antioxidant dpph and frap assays and chemical profile were determined by colorimetric methods and hplc/dad. the antiparasitic, antibiotic and antibiotic-modifying activity were evaluated by microdilution assays. the hplc-dad assay showed the presence of mostly tannins and flavonoids, such as caff ... | 2015 | 25976809 |
| phosphoproteomic analysis of wild-type and antimony-resistant leishmania braziliensis lines by 2d-dige technology. | protein phosphorylation is one of the most studied post-translational modifications that is involved in different cellular events in leishmania. in this study, we performed a comparative phosphoproteomics analysis of potassium antimonyl tartrate (sbiii)-resistant and -susceptible lines of leishmania braziliensis using a 2d-dige approach followed by ms. in order to investigate the differential phosphoprotein abundance associated with the drug-induced stress response and sbiii-resistance mechanism ... | 2015 | 25959087 |
| in vitro leishmanicidal activity of 1,3-disubstituted 5-nitroindazoles. | the antiprotozoal activity of some indazole-derived amines (2, 3, 5-8) as well as that of some simple structurally related 3-alkoxy-1-alkyl-5-nitroindazoles (1, 4) against promastigote and amastigote forms of leishmania infantum and leishmania braziliensis is reported. in some cases, these compounds showed in vitro activities against the different morphological forms of leishmania similar to or higher than those of the reference drug glucantime; this fact, along with low unspecific cytotoxicitie ... | 2015 | 25956673 |
| recombinant production, crystallization and crystal structure determination of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (dhodh) is a flavoenzyme that catalyses the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate in the de novo pyrimidine-biosynthesis pathway. in this study, a reproducible protocol for the heterologous expression of active dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (lbdhodh) was developed and its crystal structure was determined at 2.12 å resolution. l. (v.) braziliensis is the species responsible for the mucosal form of leishmaniasis, a negl ... | 2015 | 25945707 |
| prediction of cd8+ epitopes in leishmania braziliensis proteins using epibot: in silico search and in vivo validation. | leishmaniasis is caused by intracellular leishmania parasites that induce a t-cell mediated response associated with recognition of cd4+ and cd8+ t cell line 1lineepitopes. identification of cd8+ antigenic determinants is crucial for vaccine and therapy development. herein, we developed an open-source software dedicated to search and compile data obtained from currently available on line prediction algorithms. | 2015 | 25905908 |
| outbreak of leishmania braziliensis cutaneous leishmaniasis, saül, french guiana. | | 2015 | 25897573 |
| mixed infection of leishmania infantum and leishmania braziliensis in rodents from endemic urban area of the new world. | in brazil leishmania braziliensis and l. infantum are the principal species responsible for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases, respectively. domestic dogs are the main reservoirs of visceral leishmaniasis, while rodents and marsupials are the main reservoirs for cutaneous leishmaniasis. it has also been suggested that dogs could play a role in transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis. the identification of the species of leishmania, the reservoirs, and the vectors involved in each particular t ... | 2015 | 25890323 |
| epidemiological aspects of vector, parasite, and domestic reservoir in areas of recent transmission and no reported human cases of visceral leishmaniasis in brazil. | about 97% of the human cases of the american visceral leishmaniasis (vl) occur in brazil. in the last few years, the disease expanded to medium- and large-sized cities, in which surveillance and control actions have been intensified, in an effort to control vl spreading. our two-year study was conducted in belo horizonte, the sixth most populous city in brazil, which is endemic for vl. we focused in two particular districts of recent transmission of the disease, with no reported human cases and ... | 2015 | 25882769 |
| apoptosis and frequency of total and effector cd8+ t lymphocytes from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients during antimonial therapy. | leishmaniasis is an important parasitic disease affecting millions worldwide. human cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is endemic in rio de janeiro, brazil, where is caused by leishmania braziliensis. the adaptive immune response is accountable for the healing of cl and despite of key role of cd8+ t cells in this immune response little is known about the cd8+ t lymphocytes frequencies, apoptosis and antigen-responsive cd8+ t lymphocytes of cl patients during antimonial therapy. | 2015 | 25870976 |
| imported new world cutaneous leishmaniasis in a traveller from slovakia. | we present a case of imported leishmaniasis in a 31-year-old woman from slovakia, who visited the countries of south america for three months in 2011. on 29 and 31 august 2011, she was probably infected with leishmania parasites in the jungles of ecuador. approximately one week after returning to slovakia, a small papules appeared on patient's left leg. another wound was found after two weeks. both ulcers were enlarging. we proved amastigote forms of leishmania spp. only in repeated dermal scrap ... | 2015 | 25869571 |
| imidazole-containing phthalazine derivatives inhibit fe-sod performance in leishmania species and are active in vitro against visceral and mucosal leishmaniasis. | the in vitro leishmanicidal activity of a series of imidazole-containing phthalazine derivatives 1-4 was tested on leishmania infantum, leishmania braziliensis and leishmania donovani parasites, and their cytotoxicity on j774·2 macrophage cells was also measured. all compounds tested showed selectivity indexes higher than that of the reference drug glucantime for the three leishmania species, and the less bulky monoalkylamino substituted derivatives 2 and 4 were clearly more effective than their ... | 2015 | 25823476 |
| in vitro sensitivity of paired leishmania (viannia) braziliensis samples isolated before meglumine antimoniate treatment and after treatment failure or reactivation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. | this study evaluated the in vitro sensitivity of paired leishmania braziliensis samples isolated from the same patient before pentavalent antimonial treatment (sample a) and after treatment failure or cutaneous leishmaniasis reactivation (sample b) in patients undergoing intralesional administration or injections (5 mgsb(v)/kg/d) of meglumine antimoniate. fourteen samples from 7 patients were studied. after 24 h of drug exposure, 50% lethal dose (ld50) values for promastigotes ranged from 0.37 m ... | 2015 | 25802480 |
| protective profile involving cd23/ige-mediated no release is a hallmark of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients from the xakriabá indigenous community in minas gerais, brazil. | in this study, we described, for the first time, specific aspects of an anti-leishmania immune response in a brazilian xakriabá indigenous community. induction of an intracellular no pathway, triggered by the binding of ige to cd23 receptor in ifn-γ/il-4 cytokines environment, was evaluated in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (lcl) carriers and positive montenegro skin test (mst) individuals without skin lesion (mt(+) sl(-)). our data demonstrated that the higher frequency of cd23(+) cd14(+) mo ... | 2015 | 25802003 |
| an analysis of reported cases of leishmaniasis in the southern ecuadorian amazon region, 1986-2012. | an analysis of reported cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) was performed using the data registered in the southern ecuadorian amazon region during 27 years from 1986 to 2012. the cases/subjects with both the suspected cl lesions and the amastigote-positive results were recruited for the analysis. the yearly occurrence of cases showed a markedly higher number during the six years, 1988 and 1993. after 1994 when the insecticide spraying campaign using helicopter in 1993-1994, the number dropped ... | 2015 | 25796313 |
| ecology of sand flies in a low-density residential rural area, with mixed forest/agricultural exploitation, in north-eastern brazil. | cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis is endemic in brazil, where lutzomyia whitmani is the most important vector involved in the transmission to humans, particularly in the peridomestic environment. herein, we assessed the ecology of sand flies, including lu. whitmani, in a low-density residential rural area with mixed forest/agricultural exploitation in north-eastern brazil, where cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic. particularly, we hypothesized that sand fly abundance was ... | 2015 | 25792416 |
| exposure to leishmania braziliensis triggers neutrophil activation and apoptosis. | neutrophils are the first line of defense against invading pathogens and are rapidly recruited to the sites of leishmania inoculation. during leishmania braziliensis infection, depletion of inflammatory cells significantly increases the parasite load whereas co-inoculation of neutrophils plus l. braziliensis had an opposite effect. moreover, the co-culture of infected macrophages and neutrophils also induced parasite killing leading us to ask how neutrophils alone respond to an l. braziliensis e ... | 2015 | 25756874 |
| intrachromosomal amplification, locus deletion and point mutation in the aquaglyceroporin aqp1 gene in antimony resistant leishmania (viannia) guyanensis. | antimony resistance complicates the treatment of infections caused by the parasite leishmania. | 2015 | 25679388 |
| il2ra genetic variants reduce il-2-dependent responses and aggravate human cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the outcome of leishmania infections varies substantially, depending on the host and the parasite strain; infection may be asymptomatic or cause mild or severe skin ulcers (cutaneous leishmaniasis [cl]), limited or disseminated lesions, or lethal visceral disease. we previously reported an association between il-2r mutations and susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis in children infected with leishmania donovani. in the present study, we evaluated the possible role of il-2 signaling in human c ... | 2015 | 25672756 |
| crystal structure and biophysical characterization of the nucleoside diphosphate kinase from leishmania braziliensis. | nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk) is a housekeeping enzyme that plays key roles in nucleotide recycling and homeostasis in trypanosomatids. it is also secreted by the intracellular parasite leishmania to modulate the host response. these functions make ndk an attractive target for drug design and for studies aiming at a better understanding of the mechanisms mediating host-pathogen interactions. | 2015 | 25643978 |
| study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of campeche (yucatan peninsula), mexico, over a period of two years. | to study cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), in the calakmul municipality of the campeche state, during two years. | 2016 | 25629280 |
| differential modulation of macrophage response elicited by glycoinositolphospholipids and lipophosphoglycan from leishmania (viannia) shawi. | in this work, some aspects of the glycobiology of leishmania shawi were examined, as it is a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the new world. additionally, the interaction of l. shawi's main glycoconjugates [lipophosphoglycan (lpg) and glycoinositolphospholipids (gipls)] with macrophages was evaluated in vitro. l. shawi lpg was devoid of side-chains in its repeat units, whereas monosaccharide analysis showed that gipls were suggestive of mannose-rich (type i or hybrid). in order to e ... | 2015 | 25619843 |
| comparative in-silico genome analysis of leishmania (leishmania) donovani: a step towards its species specificity. | comparative genome analysis of recently sequenced leishmania (l.) donovani was unexplored so far. the present study deals with the complete scanning of l. (l.) donovani genome revealing its interspecies variations. 60 distinctly present genes in l. (l.) donovani were identified when the whole genome was compared with leishmania (l.) infantum. similarly 72, 159, and 265 species specific genes were identified in l. (l.) donovani when compared to leishmania (l.) major, leishmania (l.) mexicana and ... | 2014 | 25606461 |
| clinical and immunological evidence that low doses of pentavalent antimonials are effective in maintaining long-term cure of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis cutaneous lesions. | | 2015 | 25601103 |
| proteomic analyses of membrane enriched proteins of leishmania donovani indian clinical isolate by mass spectrometry. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a major fatal disease prevalent in north-east india, caused by a protozoan parasite leishmania donovani. the parasite multiplies and thrives inside mammalian macrophages and is transmitted by the bite of the sandfly. due to the unsatisfactory treatment measures, increasing drug resistance and the advent of hiv-leishmania co-infection there has been an urgent need to develop novel drug/vaccine targets against vl. target identification is the key step in drug discove ... | 2015 | 25597695 |
| improving serodiagnosis of human and canine leishmaniasis with recombinant leishmania braziliensis cathepsin l-like protein and a synthetic peptide containing its linear b-cell epitope. | the early and correct diagnosis of human leishmaniasis is essential for disease treatment. another important step in the control of visceral leishmaniasis is the identification of infected dogs, which are the main domestic reservoir of l. infantum. recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides based on leishmania genes have emerged as valuable targets for serodiagnosis due to their increased sensitivity, specificity and potential for standardization. cathepsin l-like genes are surface antigens tha ... | 2015 | 25569432 |
| multilocus sequence typing approach for a broader range of species of leishmania genus: describing parasite diversity in argentina. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne protozoan infection affecting over 350 million people around the world. in argentina cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in nine provinces and visceral leishmaniasis is spreading from autochthonous transmission foci in seven provinces. however, there is limited information about the diversity of the parasite in this country. implementation of molecular strategies for parasite typing, particularly multilocus sequence typing (mlst), represents an improved approach fo ... | 2015 | 25558029 |
| protective and pathological functions of cd8+ t cells in leishmania braziliensis infection. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) caused by leishmania braziliensis is characterized by a strong th1 response that leads to skin lesion development. in areas where l. braziliensis transmission is endemic, up to 15% of healthy subjects have tested positive for delayed-type hypersensitivity to soluble leishmania antigen (sla) and are considered to have subclinical (sc) infection. sc subjects produce less gamma interferon (ifn-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) than do cl patients, but they are ... | 2015 | 25534940 |
| [styrylquinolines-type synthetic compounds with leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activities]. | leishmaniasis is a major public health problem faced by many countries, including colombia. its treatment has limitations such as the toxicity of the drugs used, the emergence of resistant strains, and prolonged and expensive treatments. thus, there is an urgent need to find alternative solutions. | 2014 | 25504250 |
| cell accumulation and antileishmanial effect of exogenous and endogenous protoporphyrin ix after photodynamic treatment. | photodynamic therapy (pdt) using 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced protoporphyrin ix (ala-ppix) constitutes an interesting alternative for cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment. | 2016 | 25504248 |
| zosteriform cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania ( viannia ) panamensis and leishmania ( viannia ) braziliensis: report of three cases. | in colombia, zosteriform leishmaniasis is a little-known and infrequent clinical variant of cutaneous leishmaniasis. its clinical features include one or more plaques made up of papules and pseudo-vesicles, which conform to a lineal pattern, as well as satellite lesions that affect one or more dermatomes, without crossing the median line. we present three zosteriform cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in which leishmania panamensis and leishmania braziliensis were identified as the infective species. ... | 2014 | 25504121 |
| functional analysis of iron superoxide dismutase-a in wild-type and antimony-resistant leishmania braziliensis and leishmania infantum lines. | in this work, we characterized the gene encoding iron superoxide dismutase-a (fesod-a) in wild-type (wts) and antimony-resistant (sbr) l. (viannia) braziliensis and l. (leishmania) infantum lines, which were selected in vitro. fesod-a transcript and protein expression were similar in all tested lines; however, specific enzyme activity analysis revealed higher superoxide dismutase activity in sbiii-resistant lbsbr and lisbr lines than in the corresponding wts lines. these parasites were also more ... | 2015 | 25449290 |
| identification of two p23 co-chaperone isoforms in leishmania braziliensis exhibiting similar structures and hsp90 interaction properties despite divergent stabilities. | the small acidic protein called p23 acts as a co-chaperone for heat-shock protein of 90 kda (hsp90) during its atpase cycle. p23 proteins inhibit hsp90 atpase activity and show intrinsic chaperone activity. a search for p23 in protozoa, especially trypanosomatids, led us to identify two putative proteins in the leishmania braziliensis genome that share approximately 30% identity with each other and with the human p23. to understand the presence of two p23 isoforms in trypanosomatids, we obtained ... | 2015 | 25369258 |
| linear b-cell epitope mapping of mapk3 and mapk4 from leishmania braziliensis: implications for the serodiagnosis of human and canine leishmaniasis. | the correct and early identification of humans and dogs infected with leishmania are key steps in the control of leishmaniasis. additionally, a method with high sensitivity and specificity at low cost that allows the screening of a large number of samples would be extremely valuable. in this study, we analyzed the potential of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (mapk3) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (mapk4) proteins from leishmania braziliensis to serve as antigen candidates for the sero ... | 2015 | 25359475 |
| chemotherapeutic potential of 17-aag against cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | leishmaniasis remains a worldwide public health problem. the limited therapeutic options, drug toxicity and reports of resistance, reinforce the need for the development of new treatment options. previously, we showed that 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-aag), a heat shock protein 90 (hsp90)-specific inhibitor, reduces l. (l.) amazonensis infection in vitro. herein, we expand the current knowledge on the leishmanicidal activity of 17-aag against cutaneous leishmaniasis, employing an ... | 2014 | 25340794 |
| the role of cd4 and cd8 t cells in human cutaneous leishmaniasis. | leishmaniasis, caused by infection with parasites of the leishmania genus, affects millions of individuals worldwide. this disease displays distinct clinical manifestations ranging from self-healing skin lesions to severe tissue damage. the control of leishmania infection is dependent on cellular immune mechanisms, and evidence has shown that cd4 and cd8 t lymphocytes play different roles in the outcome of leishmaniasis. although the presence of cd4 t cells is important for controlling parasite ... | 2014 | 25325049 |
| genetic divergence in populations of lutzomyia ayacuchensis, a vector of andean-type cutaneous leishmaniasis, in ecuador and peru. | haplotype and gene network analyses were performed on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase i and cytochrome b gene sequences of lutzomyia (lu.) ayacuchensis populations from andean areas of ecuador and southern peru where the sand fly species transmit leishmania (leishmania) mexicana and leishmania (viannia) peruviana, respectively, and populations from the northern peruvian andes, for which transmission of leishmania by lu. ayacuchensis has not been reported. the haplotype analyses showed higher in ... | 2015 | 25312337 |