| in vitro evaluation of win 57273, a new broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone. | win 57273 is a new fluoroquinolone that has an expanded spectrum of activity against staphylococcus spp. (mic for 90% of isolates [mic90], 0.008 microgram/ml), enterococcus faecalis (mic90, 0.06 microgram/ml), bacillus spp. (mic90, 0.03 micrograms/ml), listeria monocytogenes (mic90, 0.06 microgram/ml), streptococcus spp. (mic90, 0.03 microgram/ml), and bacteroides fragilis group strains (mic90, 0.5 microgram/ml). like other fluoroquinolone compounds, win 57273 was active against members of the f ... | 1990 | 2327779 |
| vancomycin resistance is encoded on a pheromone response plasmid in enterococcus faecium 228. | in enterococcus faecium 228, vancomycin resistance is encoded on a 55-kilobase conjugative plasmid, phkk100. this plasmid was transferred with high frequency into susceptible strains of enterococcus faecalis and conferred responses to pheromones produced by e. faecalis and streptococcus sanguis. phkk100 is the first plasmid described that mediates both vancomycin resistance and pheromone response. | 1990 | 2327781 |
| catheter-related right-sided endocarditis in bone marrow transplant recipients. | bone marrow transplant recipients are at increased risk of severe central venous catheter-related septicemias that may be complicated by endocardial infection. in view of this, we prospectively evaluated 141 consecutive patients receiving allogeneic or autologous bone marrow infusion. seven (5%) of 141 patients developed eight episodes of a clinical syndrome compatible with catheter-related right-sided infective endocarditis; this diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy in two patients who died. stap ... | 1990 | 2330480 |
| efficacy of sulbactam in an in vitro model of mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections. | bacterial interactions in mixed infections may interfere with antimicrobial therapy. the in-vitro efficacy of ampicillin alone, combination sulbactam/ampicillin, and metronidazole was studied. strains of bacteroides fragilis, escherichia coli, and enterococcus faecalis, alone and in association, were tested by means of a broth dilution method. minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbc) of ampicillin for b. fragilis 74 in association with e. coli 68 were up to 16-fold higher than for b. fragilis 7 ... | 1990 | 2332245 |
| nucleotide sequence of the fosb gene conferring fosfomycin resistance in staphylococcus epidermidis. | we have determined the nucleotide sequence of gene fosb of plasmid pip1842, which confers resistant to fosfomycin in staphylococcus epidermidis bm2641. the resistance gene was identified as a coding sequence of 417 bases pairs corresponding to a protein with a calculated mw of 16,345 daltons. this value is in good agreement with that of 15,000, estimated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of a bacterial cell-free coupled transcription-translation system. the fosb gene product exhibits 48% ... | 1990 | 2341025 |
| [cefpiramide: antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics, and clinical evaluation]. | we determined mic values of cefpiramide (cpm) against clinical isolates from 100 patients who were subjected to total hysterectomy between april 1986 and march 1988. we also investigated the concentrations of cpm in uterine tissue and assessed the clinical efficacy of postoperative prophylaxis. 1. against bacteria isolated from clinical materials the mic80 values of cpm were as follows: staphylococcus epidermidis 1.56 micrograms/ml, enterococcus faecalis 25 micrograms/ml, and escherichia coli 6. ... | 1990 | 2348553 |
| on the basic structure of poly(glycerophosphate) lipoteichoic acids. | poly(glycerophosphate) lipoteichoic acids from 24 gram-positive bacteria of the genera bacillus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, listeria, staphylococcus, and the streptococcal pyogenic and oral group were analyzed. the 1,3-linked poly(glycerophosphate) structure was proved by analysis of glycerol and glycerophosphates after acid and alkaline hydrolysis. using the molar ratios of glycolipid to phosphorus (a) and phosphomonoester to phosphorus after periodate oxidation followed by hydra ... | 1990 | 2350496 |
| the survival of streptococci and enterococci in animal feed and on straw with particular reference to streptococcus uberis. | the survival of streptococcus uberis, strep. bovis, enterococcus faecalis spp. faecalis and ent. faecium in animal feed and on wheat straw was studied for one month. streptococcus bovis survived the best in feed and strep. uberis the worst while on straw ent. faecium was the most resilient species and there was little to choose between the other three. the recovery of all species, excepting strep. bovis, on selective and non-selective agar was comparable. the growth of strep. bovis, on the other ... | 1990 | 2351619 |
| evaluation of a commercial microtiter system (microscan) using both frozen and freeze-dried panels for detection of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococcus spp. | the microscan system was compared with agar dilution screen plates for the detection of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in 182 enterococcal isolates. both the frozen gram-positive combo type 2 and the freeze-dried type 5 panels were evaluated. the specificity of both panels for the detection of streptomycin and gentamicin resistance was 100%. however, the sensitivities for the detection of gentamicin and streptomycin resistance were 84 and 31%, respectively, for the type 2 panels and 90 and ... | 1990 | 2351721 |
| selective bowel decontamination results in gram-positive translocation. | colonization by enteric gram-negative bacteria with subsequent translocation is believed to be a major mechanism for infection in the critically ill patient. selective bowel decontamination (sbd) has been used to control gram-negative infections by eliminating these potentially pathogenic bacteria while preserving anaerobic and other less pathogenic organisms. infection with gram-positive organisms and anaerobes in two multivisceral transplant patients during sbd led us to investigate the effect ... | 1990 | 2352419 |
| [statistical studies on bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections(report 5)]. | we examined bacteria isolated from urine of patients in our urological department from 1985 through 1987. a total of 2,566 strains were isolated from outpatients. they were 834 strains of gram-positive coccus (32.5%). e. coli (20.8%) was isolated most frequently, followed by proteus sp. (12.6%), enterococcus (9.6%), p. aeruginosa (6.7%), s. epidermidis (5.5%), and k. pneumoniae (3.7%) and others. a total of 784 strains were isolated from inpatients. they were 313 strains of gram-positive coccus ... | 1990 | 2353605 |
| cloning and heterospecific expression of the resistance determinant vana encoding high-level resistance to glycopeptides in enterococcus faecium bm4147. | fragments of plasmid pip816, which confers high-level glycopeptide resistance in enterococcus faecium bm4147, were cloned into a conjugative gram-negative-gram-positive shuttle vector. the resulting hybrids were transferred by conjugation from escherichia coli to enterococcus faecalis and bacillus thuringiensis. a 4-kilobase ecori fragment from pip816 was found to confer vancomycin resistance in these hosts but not in e. coli or bacillus subtilis. | 1990 | 2360831 |
| properties of cell wall-associated dd-carboxypeptidase of enterococcus hirae (streptococcus faecium) atcc 9790 extracted with alkali. | dd-carboxypeptidase (dd-cpase) activity of enterococcus hirae (streptococcus faecium) atcc 9790 was extracted from intact bacteria and from the insoluble residue (crude cell wall fraction) of mechanically disrupted bacteria by a brief treatment at ph 10.0 (10 mm glycine-naoh) at 0 degrees c or by extraction with any of several detergents. extractions with high salt concentrations failed to remove dd-cpase activity from the crude wall fraction. in contrast to n-acetylmuramoylhydrolase (both muram ... | 1990 | 2361945 |
| minimum inhibitory concentrations and disk diffusion zone diameter for selected antibiotics against streptococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. | the antimicrobial susceptibility to 11 antibiotics was determined of 358 streptococcal isolates representing six species was determined. all isolates were from milk samples obtained from clinical or subclinical cases of bovine mastitis. agar disk diffusion zone diameters and minimum inhibitory concentrations were obtained for all isolates. of the antibiotics tested that are available for mastitis therapy, cephalothin, penicillin, ampicillin, novobiocin, and erythromycin demonstrated acceptable a ... | 1990 | 2365883 |
| enterococcus avium septicemia in an immunocompromised patient. | | 1990 | 2373091 |
| [studies of aztreonam in neonates]. | absorption and excretion of aztreonam (azt) in neonates were studied and its clinical evaluation in 10 cases of neonates was performed using 1 hour intravenous drip infusion. 1. serum concentrations of azt in 7 neonates younger than 11 days of age were lower than those in infants. 2. serum concentrations of azt in 5 neonates given 20 mg/kg reached their peaks at the end of intravenous drip infusion with an average value of 45.8 +/- 10.41 micrograms/ml, and t 1/2 was 2.77 +/- 0.32 hours on the av ... | 1990 | 2374296 |
| spontaneous peritonitis caused by enterococcus faecium. | three cases of spontaneous peritonitis caused by enterococcus faecium are presented. the underlying condition was alcoholic cirrhosis in each case. this enterococcal species has never before been reported as a cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. two patients responded to therapy. the development of enterococcal peritonitis and the cases documented in the literature are briefly reviewed. taxonomic problems with pathogenic, clinical, and therapeutic implications are discussed. | 1990 | 2380371 |
| microbiologic efficacy of intravaginal clindamycin cream for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis is characterized by replacement of the normal lactobacillus-predominant vaginal flora with gardnerella vaginalis, anaerobic bacteria, and mycoplasma hominis. the present study evaluated the vaginal flora of women with bacterial vaginosis before and after treatment with intravaginal clindamycin cream. sixty-seven nonpregnant women with symptoms and signs of bacterial vaginosis, and without other genital tract infections, were randomly assigned to receive placebo cream or 0.1, ... | 1990 | 2381617 |
| [antibiotic prophylaxis with cefotiam in transurethral resection of the prostate]. | over a period of 7 months, 50 patients underwent a trans-urethral resection of the prostate (turp), this intervention is classified as "clear-contamined". the antibiotic prophylactic protocol, the subject of this study, was the following: cefotiam 2 g iv with the induction of anesthesia, 1 g 3 hours later and 1 g iv with the removal of the urethral catheter. results: there were 3 early post-operative urinary tract infections, one of these patients was symptomatic, at the time of removal of the u ... | 1990 | 2385454 |
| clinical and economic effect of ciprofloxacin as an alternative to injectable antimicrobial therapy. | the effect of the use of oral ciprofloxacin on patient outcome and the cost of antimicrobial therapy was investigated. in 1988 ciprofloxacin was placed on the antimicrobial formulary at a veterans affairs medical center. patients with urinary tract infections, soft tissue infections, osteomyelitis, or pneumonia due to organisms that were documented as being susceptible to ciprofloxacin and either resistant to other oral antimicrobials or susceptible to other oral antimicrobials in patients aller ... | 1990 | 2389785 |
| comparative in vitro activity of win 57273, a new fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent. | the in vitro activity of win 57273, a new fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent, was evaluated against approximately 600 bacterial isolates. the new drug was 4- to 128-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against a broad range of gram-positive organisms, with the new drug inhibiting 90% of strains of each species except enterococcus faecium at concentrations of less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml. win 57273 was four- to eightfold less active than ciprofloxacin against many members of the family ... | 1990 | 2393275 |
| [immunological analysis of streptococcus sanguis antigens]. | the exact cause of behçet's disease is still unknown. recently, advanced bacterial studies revealed that behçet's disease was related to streptococcus (s.) sanguis. however, the antigenicity of s. sanguis has not been fully studied. in this study, we clarified the antigenicity of s. sanguis. we made s. sanguis antigens: mechanical braun extract (mbe) and crude cell wall (ccw) from the whole cells, membrane fraction (mf) and cytoplasmic fraction (cf) from mbe, cell wall fragment (cwf) and lipotei ... | 1990 | 2396588 |
| technologically important characteristics of enterococcus isolates from milk and dairy products. | enterococcus faecium (54 strains), e. faecalis (40 strains), and e. durans (14) were isolated from various dairy products (raw milk, cream, butter and fermented milk products) during a previous study (wessels et al., 1988). in this article various characteristics of these isolates, which may have a bearing on their significance in dairy products, have been studied. a large percentage of the identified strains of all three species were able to grow at 7 degrees c. seventy-six percent of the e. fa ... | 1990 | 2397162 |
| [effects of heat treated cells of intestinal lactic acid bacteria in rats fed a deoxycholic acid diet]. | effects of the administration of heat treated cells of intestinal lactic acid bacteria were examined in rats fed a deoxycholic acid (dca) diet. male wistar rats were given a 0.25% dca diet with or without the heat treated cells of enterococcus faecalis ad 1001 (efh-1) or lactobacillus reuteri ad 0002 (lrh-2) for 4 weeks. abnormal increases in serum got, gpt, un and lipoproteins were observed in the rats fed the dca diet. furthermore, severe lesions in the kidney as well as in the liver were foun ... | 1990 | 2401316 |
| [a clinical study of bacteremia in urology]. | we investigated 32 patients with bacteremia that occurred in the department of urology, school of medicine, kanazawa university between april, 1983 and march, 1989. this incidence represented 1.9% of the total number of inpatients. the study group comprised 29 males and 3 females, and their age varied from 25 to 82 years with a mean age of 61.7 years. twenty-two (75%) of the 32 patients had urologic malignancies. the majority of patients were compromised hosts who had one or more (average, 3.8) ... | 1990 | 2401814 |
| plasmid-associated bacteriocin production by a strain of carnobacterium piscicola from meat. | carnobacterium piscicola lv17 isolated from vacuum-packed meat produces bacteriocin(s) that is active against closely related lactic acid bacteria, enterococcus spp., and a strain of listeria monocytogenes but not against gram-negative bacteria. the bacteriocin has a bactericidal mode of action, is heat resistant, and is stable over a wide range of ph but is inactivated by proteolytic enzymes. sensitive and resistant cells were shown to adsorb the bacteriocin, but cell death depended on contact ... | 1990 | 2403256 |
| the life and times of the enterococcus. | enterococci are important human pathogens that are increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents. these organisms were previously considered part of the genus streptococcus but have recently been reclassified into their own genus, called enterococcus. to date, 12 species pathogenic for humans have been described, including the most common human isolates, enterococcus faecalis and e. faecium. enterococci cause between 5 and 15% of cases of endocarditis, which is best treated by the combination o ... | 1990 | 2404568 |
| the determination of the anomeric configuration of glycosyl-phosphoryl linkages of immunogenic phosphoglycans. | phosphoglycans from the cell wall of many strains of streptococci contain terminal carbohydrate units linked by phosphodiester bridges to other residues of the glycans. in the immune response to phosphoglycans, the terminal carbohydrate-phosphate moieties function as antigenic determinants and induce the synthesis of antibodies with specificity for the glycosyl-phosphoryl units. it has now been found that such terminal carbohydrate units can be removed by treatment of the glycans with appropriat ... | 1985 | 2409837 |
| antigenic variation of indigenous streptococci. | isolates of group d streptococci indigenous to the murine oral cavity were studied to detect the occurrence of antigenic variation. group d streptococci cultured from molar homogenates of balb/c mice were randomly selected for study on the basis of distinctive colony morphology. isolates obtained over a 12-week period were biotyped using the api 20s system, and subjected to lancefield extraction and rocket immunoelectrophoresis for serotyping. all isolates were compared with an arbitrarily selec ... | 1985 | 2410468 |
| the phylogenetic position of streptococcus and enterococcus. | streptococcus pyogenes, s. equinus, s. bovis, s. salivarius, s. sanguis, s. mutans, s. rattus, s. cricetus, s. lactis, s. raffinolactis and enterococcus faecalis have been characterized by oligonucleotide cataloguing of their 16s ribosomal rna. all the organisms form a loose but coherent group that is phylogenetically equivalent to those of lactobacilli, bacilli, the brochothrix and listeria group, and related taxa that constitute one of several sublines within the 'clostridium' branch of gram-p ... | 1985 | 2410543 |
| streptococcal cytoplasmic ph is regulated by changes in amount and activity of a proton-translocating atpase. | the streptococcus faecalis h+-atpase (f1 x f0 complex) level was elevated when the cytoplasmic ph was shifted below 7.5. the elevated level was attained by the increase in functional unit (f1 x f0 complex) in membranes, but not by the activation of the enzyme. our data strongly suggested that the increase in enzyme arises from stimulation of enzyme biosynthesis. when calls growing at ph 7.6 were transferred to an acid medium with a ph below 7, the amount of h+-atpase increased. the amount of h+- ... | 1986 | 2416756 |
| ion extrusion systems in bacteria. | | 1985 | 2418727 |
| primary and secondary transport of cations in bacteria. | | 1985 | 2418733 |
| comparative adhesion of seven species of streptococci isolated from the blood of patients with sub-acute bacterial endocarditis to fibrin-platelet clots in vitro. | the adhesion to fibrin-platelet clots in vitro of 21 strains of streptococci isolated from the blood of patients with sub-acute bacterial endocarditis (sabe) was measured. the species, in order of greatest adhesion, were streptococcus faecalis, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus milleri, streptococcus sanguis, dextran-positive streptococcus mitior, dextran-negative streptococcus mitior and streptococcus salivarius. individual strains within species, however, cannot be assumed to be representati ... | 1986 | 2422150 |
| antibacterial activity of seminalplasmin, a basic protein from bovine seminal plasma. | seminalplasmin, a 6,000 dalton antimicrobial protein present in bovine seminal plasma, is shown to inhibit growth and/or rna synthesis in several bacterial species. in only one strain out of twenty one belonging to fourteen species, did both rna synthesis and growth appear to be resistant to seminalplasmin. the antibacterial activity of seminalplasmin, in the case of e. coli, was also studied as a function of its concentration and of time; the minimal concentration of the protein required for 10 ... | 1986 | 2423852 |
| pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle as a complication of septic embolism. | a case report of pseudoaneurysm (pa) of the left ventricle due to acute myocardial infarction (ami) caused by septic embolism from the infected aortic valve is presented. the patient was operated upon with resection of the left ventricular wall and insertion of a bioprosthesis in the aortic ostium. because of reoccurrence of pa 4 weeks postoperatively due to a pinhole defect in the left ventricular wall near the suture-line, reoperation was performed. the patient was discharged home and at follo ... | 1986 | 2429398 |
| effect of histological decalcifying agents on number and stainability of gram-positive bacteria. | in tests of the effects of restorative materials on dental pulp, it is important that one evaluate bacterial contamination, and this is usually done histologically. preceding the usual paraffin-embedding of hard-tissue specimens for microscopical investigations, decalcification is performed. to study the influence of decalcifying agents (nitric acid, formic acid, and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) on the number and gram-stainability of bacteria, we used a model system consisting of suspension ... | 1987 | 2440925 |
| sodium/proton antiporter in streptococcus faecalis. | streptococcus faecalis, like other bacteria, accumulates potassium ions and expels sodium ions. this paper is concerned with the pathway of sodium extrusion. earlier studies (d.l. heefner and f.m. harold, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 79:2798-2802, 1982) showed that sodium extrusion is effected by a primary, atp-linked sodium pump. i report here that cells grown under conditions in which sodium atpase is not induced can still expel sodium ions. this finding suggested the existence of an alternate p ... | 1987 | 2442134 |
| studies on streptococcus faecalis enterotoxin. | streptococcus faecalis has been reported to cause food poisoning. six strains of s. faecalis were tested for sherman's criteria. these strains were non-hemolytic, dnase+ and ent+. the enterotoxin was purified on sephadex g-200 column and maximum activity was observed at 37 c and ph 7.0. enterotoxin treated with trypsin and papain elicited very poor response to fluid accumulation. the sensitivity of all the strains against different antibiotics was determined. strain 53 m was treated with acridin ... | 1987 | 2442976 |
| the influence of penicillin and quinaldofur on the growth of staphylococcus epidermidis and streptococcus faecalis in milk. | the influence of penicillin and quinaldofur on the growth of staphylococcus epidermidis and streptococcus faecalis in milk depends on aerobic conditions and the quality of milk. | 1987 | 2457295 |
| the place of listeria among gram-positive bacteria. | the genus listeria, containing the species listeria monocytogenes, listeria innocua, listeria seeligeri, listeria welshimeri, listeria ivanovii, listeria grayi and listeria murrayi is a well circumscribed taxon. numerical taxonomic and chemical studies indicate a very close phenetic similarity to the genus brochothrix and a more distant, but close, similarity to a number of other genera such as lactobacillus, streptococcus, lactococcus, enterococcus, staphylococcus, kurthia and bacillus. recent ... | 1988 | 2458321 |
| active potassium extrusion regulated by intracellular ph in streptococcus faecalis. | potassium extrusion in bacteria is thought to play a role in the regulation of the cytoplasmic ph; in several organisms, it has been ascribed to secondary antiport of k+ for protons. streptococcus faecalis exhibited a distinctive pattern: potassium extrusion occurred only when the cytoplasmic ph was alkaline and required the generation of atp. the key observation is that glycolyzing cells suspended in an alkaline medium extruded k+, even against a k+ concentration gradient, provided the medium c ... | 1988 | 2459118 |
| ion-conducting channels in a gram-positive bacterium. | the patch-clamp technique was used to obtain information on the existence and properties of ion channels in giant protoplasts obtained from the gram-positive bacterium streptococcus faecalis. the membrane proved to contain a pore with numerous conductance states, ranging from 10 ps to several nanosiemens. application of a slight pressure differential across the membrane resulted in the activation of the channel. the pressure sensitivity points to a relationship between this channel and one recen ... | 1988 | 2461319 |
| extrachromosomal control of antibiotic resistance, dnase activity and enterotoxin production in streptococcus faecalis. | | 1988 | 2470242 |
| effect of peptide as-48 on enterococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens s-47. | the enterococcal peptide as-48 exerts a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect on enterococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens s-47; cell rescue by cardiolipin and trypsin can be effected only in the first few minutes after antibiotic addition. gramicidin-exposed cells are protected from killing by as-48. long-term and pulse incorporation of radiolabeled substrates into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material, o2 consumption, and the ability to maintain intracellular potassium levels are im ... | 1989 | 2473710 |
| 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequence analyses of lactococci and related taxa. description of vagococcus fluvialis gen. nov., sp. nov. | the phylogenetic status of members of the genus lactococcus and some motile strains which react with lancefield group n antiserum was examined by reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid. in agreement with earlier nucleic acid hybridization and immunological studies of superoxide dismutase the 16s sequence data clearly demonstrate that the lactococci represent a distinct phylogenetic group equivalent in rank to the genera enterococcus and streptococcus. the motile group ... | 1989 | 2479630 |
| [role of enterococcus faecium sf 68 in experimental infection in mice]. | the normal intestinal flora is an important defence against various infectious agents. it also allows important metabolic stages in the host. the authors studied the ability of enterococcus faecium sf 68 to protect the mice (swiss strain) from infection by salmonella typhi and its role when used with penicillin in infection by staphylococcus aureus. our results showed that sf 68, determined a good protection against infection. moreover the association e. faecium sf 68-antibiotic lowers the morta ... | 1989 | 2488915 |
| [transfer of bacterial drug resistance factor in artificial dental plaque]. | transfer of drug resistance factor was examined using so-called artificial dental plaque. clinically isolated specimens of enterococcus faecalis showing various kind of drug resistance were used as the donors. streptococcus mutans bht strain was used as the recipient and the plaque former. s. mutans formed artificial dental plaque on the surface of glass sticks after 7 to 10 day cultivation in brain heart infusion medium containing 5% sucrose. each strain of e. faecalis was added to the plaque c ... | 1989 | 2489304 |
| [chemiluminescence response and phagocytic activity of murine polymorphonuclear leukocytes to various species of oral bacteria]. | polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) are predominant cells in the gingival crevice and saliva, and may play an important role in oral bacteria. murine peritoneal pmn was used and stimulated with 9 genera, 17 species of oral bacteria, including cariogenic and periodontal pathogens. the pmn response to the bacteria was measured by the luminol mediated chemiluminescence (cl) response and phagocytic activities, and the activities of lysozyme in the reaction medium after the cl response were also measu ... | 1989 | 2489336 |
| [effectiveness of clna-esculin broth for the rapid identification of the enterococcus genus]. | the efficacy of the clna-esculine broth for the rapid identification (2 hours) of the species of the genus enterococcus was evaluated and compared with the conventional biochemical methods requiring an incubation of 18-24 hours. out of the 274 evaluated strains, 171 were positive for this investigation; 160 of them corresponded to enterococcus spp (100%). the sensitivity of the test was 100%, the specificity 99.1%, the positive predictive value 99.3% and the negative predictive value 100%. | 1989 | 2490675 |
| [evaluation of the treatment with oral ciprofloxacin: experience with 24 patients]. | we have evaluated the clinical effectiveness and possible side effects of oral ciprofloxacin therapy in 24 patients (11 females and 13 males). two episodes from overall 25 infections were excluded of clinical and microbiological evaluation but were assessed regarding possible side effects. in most patients, the clinical condition was stable at the beginning of therapy. only 3 patients had nonfatal diseases. seventeen episodes were urinary tract infections (four of them with concomitant bacteremi ... | 1989 | 2490722 |
| [nosocomially acquired infection of the urinary tract]. | we have evaluated 283 consecutive hospital acquired urinary tract infections (hauti) in a university hospital (incidence 5.6% of admissions). in females, spontaneous, symptomatic and younger patient infections predominated, while in males hauti were mostly asymptomatic, after catheterization and in elderly patients. chronic nonfatal diseases--particularly neurologic disease and diabetes--, old age, previous antibiotic use, the postoperative period, and cancer were the major general predisposing ... | 1989 | 2490855 |
| [significant bacteriological findings in hiv-positive patients]. | twenty-four episodes of bacterial infections were identified over a 18 month period in 11 patients (8 with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 3 with aids related complex). eight of the 11 infected patients were drug abusers and 3 homosexual people. nosocomial bacterial infections were common in patients with aids and had high fatality rates. gram-negative bacteria resulted the most common micro-organisms (e.coli, proteus, enterobacter, serratia, klebsiella). the aztreonam treatment was very ... | 1989 | 2491436 |
| hemagglutination activities of group b, c, d, and g streptococci: demonstration of novel sugar-specific cell-binding activities in streptococcus suis. | a total of 378 streptococcal isolates of lancefield groups b, c, d and g were tested for their ability to hemagglutinate untreated, sialidase-treated, and endo-beta-galactosidase-treated human erythrocytes. of the 43 strains showing positive hemagglutination, 9 were inhibitable with neutral monosaccharides. four strains were inhibited with galactose and n-acetylgalactosamine, whereas five were inhibited with galactose only. a third, sialic acid-specific adhesion activity was suggested for two ad ... | 1989 | 2492258 |
| effects of interleukin-1, lipopolysaccharide, and streptococci on procoagulant activity of cultured human cardiac valve endothelial and stromal cells. | fibrin is the primary constituent of the vegetation in infective endocarditis, and tissue factor expression is a major mechanism of coagulation activation on infected valves. to determine which cells may participate in coagulation activation in this setting, expression of procoagulant activity (pca; shown to be tissue factor) was studied in cultured endothelial and stromal cells derived from human cardiac valves. endothelial cells had negligible pca (99 +/- 50 mu/10(5) cells, mean +/- 1 standard ... | 1989 | 2492262 |
| ofloxacin susceptibility testing quality control parameters for microdilution and disk diffusion, and confirmation of disk diffusion interpretive criteria. | the susceptibilities of 221 clinical isolates to ofloxacin were tested simultaneously by broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods with commercially prepared 5-micrograms ofloxacin disks. the acceptability of the following previously proposed zone diameter breakpoints was confirmed: greater than or equal to 16 mm, susceptible; 13 to 15 mm, intermediate; less than or equal to 12 mm, resistant. on the basis of a multilaboratory collaborative study, the following are proposed as acceptable ofl ... | 1989 | 2492304 |
| synergism and mechanism of subinhibitory concentration of streptomycin on streptococcus faecalis. | the influence of various incubation conditions on synergism with cell wall-active agents combined with streptomycin was studied in a streptococcus faecalis strain. it could be shown that both a synergistic increased killing effect and a synergistic prolongation of post-antibiotic effect (pae) were not dependent on an active process, as they occurred both in an anaerobic atmosphere and when an electron transport inhibitor (sodium azide) was added to the media. moreover, it was demonstrated that i ... | 1989 | 2492428 |
| further studies on post-antibiotic effect and synergism in two strains of streptococcus faecalis. | the differences in the synergistic potential for either killing effect or increase in duration of post-antibiotic effect (pae) seen with various beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combinations in two strains of streptococcus faecalis were further studied to examine this relationship in more detail. it was seen that a strain which produced a synergistic increase in recovery period (pae greater than or equal to 0.5 h), comparing the beta-lactam antibiotics alone and when combined with streptomycin, showed ... | 1989 | 2492429 |
| intra-abdominal sepsis after hepatic resection. | one hundred and thirty hepatic resections performed over an 8-year period were reviewed for evidence of postoperative intra-abdominal sepsis. of 126 patients who survived for more than 24 hours after operation, 36 developed culture positive intra-abdominal collections (28.6%). significant independent variables associated with the development of intra-abdominal sepsis were diagnoses of trauma or cholangiocarcinoma, and the need for reoperation to control hemorrhage during the postoperative period ... | 1989 | 2493775 |
| endocarditis due to streptococcus faecalis with high-level resistance to gentamicin. | recently, reports of streptococcus faecalis with resistance to high levels of gentamicin have appeared in the literature, although there have been no previous reports of endocarditis due to such organisms. in this article, two cases of endocarditis--both due to streptococcus faecalis with high-level gentamicin resistance and both presenting in an atypical manner--are described. the data suggest that a high level of suspicion regarding a diagnosis of endocarditis must be maintained in such cases ... | 1989 | 2495566 |
| characterization of the human neutrophil response to sex pheromones from streptococcus faecalis. | synthetic analogs of sex pheromones from streptococcus faecalis and related pheromone inhibitors have been assayed for their possible effects on human neutrophil leukocyte activation. these sex pheromones are hydrophobic peptides that have regulatory roles in bacterial mating behavior leading to intercellular plasmid transfer. five of the seven peptides tested were chemotactic for neutrophils in the 10(-5) to 10(-6) m concentration range. exposure of neutrophils to these same peptides induced po ... | 1989 | 2495725 |
| stimulating effect of streptococcus faecalis on phagocytosis in gnotobiotic piglets. | the concentration of active phagocytes in peripheral blood remained in germfree pigs up to the age of one year approximately at the same level as found at the age of 7 d and did not exceed 0.3 x 10(9)/l of blood, whereas a steady increase was established in conventional pigs. monoassociation of gnotobiotic piglets with streptococcus faecalis increased during 24 h the concentration of circulating granulocytes and the concentration of active phagocytes. an even more pronounced effect was obtained ... | 1989 | 2496013 |
| in vitro activities of quinolones against enterococci resistant to penicillin-aminoglycoside synergy. | the mics and mbcs of ci-934, ciprofloxacin, difloxacin (a-56619), a-56620, norfloxacin, enoxacin, amifloxacin, and coumermycin were determined for 43 clinical isolates of enterococcus faecalis known to be resistant to penicillin-aminoglycoside synergy. results were compared with those obtained for 37 synergy-susceptible e. faecalis and 22 enterococcus faecium strains. although no substantial differences in quinolone activities were observed between synergy-resistant and -susceptible e. faecalis ... | 1989 | 2496659 |
| in vitro activity of ampicillin/sulbactam against enterococci determined by the time-kill method. | time-kill studies demonstrated that at clinically achievable serum concentrations, ampicillin/sulbactam was equivalent in activity to ampicillin alone against non-beta-lactamase producing isolates of enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium. sulbactam possessed no antibacterial activity against these organisms. it is not yet known if the activity of ampicillin will be increased with the addition of sulbactam when tested against beta-lactamase-producing enterococci. | 1989 | 2496949 |
| polymicrobial septicemia with clostridium difficile in acute diverticulitis. | a case is reported of a patient without previous gastrointestinal symptoms, who presented with polymicrobial septicemia caused by escherichia coli, enterococcus faecalis, clostridium difficile and bacteroides vulgatus. septicemia occurred during acute diverticulitis. a strain of clostridium difficile, which was of the same serogroup c as the blood culture isolate and also produced toxin, was recovered from the stools, but the pathogenic role of this organism in the gastrointestinal symptomatolog ... | 1989 | 2497002 |
| streptococcus faecalis arthritis. | septic arthritis due to streptococcus faecalis is rare. we describe a case in which synovial biopsy was required for diagnosis and a new longterm antibiotic combination using ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin was successful in treating the infection. comparison is made with previous reported cases and the usual poor outcome in this condition. | 1989 | 2497255 |
| phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system of bacillus subtilis: nucleotide sequence of ptsx, ptsh and the 5'-end of ptsi and evidence for a ptshi operon. | the nucleotide sequence of a 1689bp fragment of the bacillus subtilis locus containing ptsx (a crr-like gene), ptsh (coding for hpr), and the 5'-end of ptsi (coding for enzyme i) was determined. the deduced amino acid sequences of ptsh and the n-terminal part of ptsi were compared to those of streptococcus faecalis and escherichia coli. transcription fusion demonstrated that ptshi constitutes an operon. an open reading frame overlapping the main part of ptsh in the opposite sense was shown to be ... | 1989 | 2497294 |
| partial nucleotide sequence of the pts operon in salmonella typhimurium: comparative analyses in five bacterial genera. | the nucleotide sequence of a salmonella typhimurium dna segment of 549 base pairs which encompasses the operator-promoter of the pts operon, the entirety of the ptsh gene, encoding hpr of the phosphotransferase system (pts), the first 29 nucleotides of the ptsi gene, encoding enzyme i of the pts, and the intercistronic region between the ptsh and ptsi genes was determined and compared with the corresponding sequence from escherichia coli (de reuse et al., 1985). the two sequences showed 91% over ... | 1989 | 2497295 |
| [streptococcus bovis septicemia and colonic cancer]. | the authors report the case of a patient who developed a streptococcus bovis septicemia in the post-operative course of a surgical cure of an incarcerated umbilical hernia. there were no other complaints. a barium enema showed a malignant tumor of the descending colon. there were hepatic metastases. no complementary treatment was undertaken. the patient died shortly after. in the literature colonic proliferative lesions in association with this germ is reported in a total of 36% of proliferative ... | 1989 | 2497613 |
| inducible, transferable resistance to vancomycin in enterococcus faecalis a256. | a strain of enterococcus faecalis (a256) was isolated from the urine of a patient with urinary sepsis and was found to exhibit susceptibilities (micrograms per milliliter) to various glycopeptides as follows: vancomycin, 256; teicoplanin, 16; 62208, 512; 62211, 4; and 62476, 16. as judged by growth rates before and after exposure to sub-mics of glycopeptides, vancomycin and 62476 induced self-resistance, 62208 and 62211 induced slight self-resistance, and teicoplanin did not induce self-resistan ... | 1989 | 2497704 |
| susceptibility and bactericidal activity studies of four beta-lactamase-producing enterococci. | beta-lactamase-producing (bla+) enterococci are rare but have been reported from several areas. we report another bla+ enterococcus with high-level gentamicin resistance. susceptibility and bactericidal activity studies of four bla+ enterococci against potential alternative antibiotics, including ampicillin-sulbactam, daptomycin, teicoplanin, and vancomycin, are presented. | 1989 | 2497706 |
| role of adherence in pathogenesis of enterococcus faecalis urinary tract infection and endocarditis. | enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from urinary tract infections (utis) and endocarditis were analyzed for their ability to adhere to urinary tract epithelial cells (ecs) and girardi heart (gh) and human embryonic kidney (hek) cell cultures. uti isolates adhered to urinary tract ecs more efficiently than to the cultured cells, at the same time showing the least affinity for gh cells. in contrast, endocarditis isolates adhered to gh cell cultures more readily than to urinary tract ecs. moreov ... | 1989 | 2498209 |
| synthesis of novel 5-fluoro analogues of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. | a series of polyfluoro-3-quinolonecarboxylic acids have been synthesized and their in vitro antibacterial activity evaluated. the desired 7-(substituted amino) derivatives were prepared from the 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoroquinolone acids. conversely, amine displacement occurred primarily at the 5-position when the ester was used. structure-activity studies indicated that the antibacterial activity was greatest when the n-1 substituent was cyclopropyl and the 7-substituent was 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl. all ... | 1989 | 2498519 |
| [factors of protracted and recurrent course of chronic erosions of the stomach]. | a study was made of the disease pathogenesis in 58 patients with recurrent chronic erosions of the gastric mucosa. it has been established that an important role in the relapses of the pathological process is played by pathological microflora, disturbances in humoral immunity and local microcirculation, and long existence of the zone of fibrinoid necrosis. | 1989 | 2499074 |
| purification and amino acid composition of peptide antibiotic as-48 produced by streptococcus (enterococcus) faecalis subsp. liquefaciens s-48. | peptide antibiotic as-48 was purified to homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and reversed-phase liquid chromatography. the purified fraction was active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. as-48 is a basic protein with an isoelectric point of ca. 10.5 and a molecular mass of 7.4 kilodaltons. its inhibitory activity was markedly affected by sodium dodecyl sulfate and cardiolipin but not by neuraminidase, pectinase, beta-glucosidase, or beta-gluc ... | 1989 | 2499249 |
| modification of homogeneous resistance in a methicillin-resistant strain of staphylococcus aureus by acquisition of a beta-lactamase encoding plasmid. | nearly all clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) are heterogeneously resistant and produce beta-lactamases which generally are plasmid mediated. in order to study the role of beta-lactamase plasmids in the expression of methicillin resistance, a beta-lactamase plasmid from enterococcus faecalis hh22 (pbem10) was transferred into a homogeneously resistant, beta-lactamase-negative strain of mrsa (musc284). by single disc diffusion testing at 42 degrees c, beta-lac ... | 1989 | 2499563 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo activity of cefpirome (hr 810) against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus faecalis. | with cefpirome (hr 810) the mics for both methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and for streptococcus faecalis were 8.0 mg/l. at 4 x mic, cefpirome killed mrsa as rapidly as did vancomycin while for enterococci, cefpirome, vancomycin or ampicillin alone were not bactericidal. however, all agents were bactericidal when combined with 2 mg/l of gentamicin, although gentamicin combined with cefpirome showed a smaller decrease in cfu/ml than the combination with ampicillin or vancomycin. ... | 1989 | 2499565 |
| binding of fibronectin and albumin to enterococcus (streptococcus) faecalis. | binding of human fibronectin (fn) and albumin to enterococcus (streptococcus) faecalis was investigated. scatchard analysis showed that the cells could bind a maximum of 1300 molecules of fn with an association constant of 4.8 x 10(6) m-1. binding did not appear to involve lipoteichoic acid. heating the cells or pretreatment with protease or periodate reduced the binding, suggesting the involvement of protein and/or carbohydrate-containing components as the surface receptor. the cells could bind ... | 1989 | 2499743 |
| study on pathogenesis of enterococcus faecalis in urinary tract. | the rate of isolation of enterococcus faecalis as the causative bacterium of complicated urinary tract infections has been increasing. however, the pathogenicity of this bacterium in the urinary tract has not been clarified. thus, the authors investigated how e. faecalis is pathogenic to the urinary tract, using mice with experimental urinary tract infection. the investigation revealed that this bacterium when sufficiently numerous can be directly pathogenic. the bacterium can be pathogenic indi ... | 1989 | 2499973 |
| [reactivity of human lymphocytes to yeast-like and mold fungi]. | the capacity of the allergens of mold fungi (rhizopus nigricans, mucor pusillus, alternaria tenuis, cladosporum herbarum, fusarium oxysporum) and yeast-like fungi (candida albicans) to induce the production of lymphokins by human lymphocytes was studied. all these preparations were active in reactions with lymphocytes obtained from adult donors, but did not activate lymphocytes of newborns (obtained from umbilical blood). in equal doses (10 micrograms/ml) c. albicans allergen was more active tha ... | 1989 | 2500001 |
| 19-deformyl-4'-deoxydesmycosin (tmc-016): synthesis and biological properties of a unique 16-membered macrolide antibiotic. | 19-deformyl-4'-deoxydesmycosin was synthesized by the following synthetic route: 19-deformylation of desmycosin, 3,2',4''-tri-o-trimethylsilylation, 4'-o-sulfonylation, 4'-iodination, reductive deiodination and 3,2',4''-tri-o-detrimethylsilylation. deformylation of the aldehyde group at the c-19 position was achieved by two different methods: a) a simple one-step deformylation using wilkinson's catalyst ((ph3p)3rhcl). b) reductive decarboxylation of the 19-carboxyl derivative following naclo2 ox ... | 1989 | 2500413 |
| purification and characterization of human neutrophil peptide 4, a novel member of the defensin family. | primary (azurophil) granules of neutrophils contain proteins which play a major role in the killing and digestion of bacteria in the phagolysosome. we have isolated and characterized a novel antimicrobial peptide from the azurophil granule fraction of discontinuous percoll gradients. we have named this peptide human neutrophil peptide 4 (hnp-4) based on its structural similarity to a group of antimicrobial polypeptides known as defensins (hnp 1-3). using size exclusion and reverse-phase high per ... | 1989 | 2500436 |
| oral hygiene and the prevalence of oral group d streptococci in medically-physically compromised and periodontal disease patients. | the relationship between oral hygiene and oral group d streptococcal carrier status was examined in two groups of dental clinic patients. eighteen medically-physically compromised and 20 periodontitis patients were selected for study. oral hygiene status was assessed and the prevalence of oral group d streptococci was determined by sampling the oral cavity with a vigorous 15 second rinse with 5 ml peptone-saline solution. three ml of each sample was cultured at 40 degrees c in 30 ml of sf broth ... | 1989 | 2500512 |
| monoadduct forming photochemical reagents for labeling nucleic acids for hybridization. | we describe the synthesis of three angelicin derivatives which can be used for labeling nucleic acids with biotin. these compounds were used to label nucleic acids in the presence of lysed cell constituents. the resulting labelled nucleic acids show hybridization to a genus specific probe for e. coli. the relative comparison of sensitivity indicates that a polyamine linker is better than a polyethylene oxide linker between the biotin and angelicin moieties. | 1989 | 2500642 |
| physiological studies on the growth and utilization of sugars by listeria species. | experiments, relevant to growth in milk, were done to delineate the aerobic and anaerobic growth of listeria species on selected sugars in several media. all species grew on glucose aerobically, forming lactic acid and (or) acetic acid. anaerobically, only lactic acid was formed; cell yields were 80% of those obtained aerobically. when incubated aerobically, small amounts (1.5 microns/ml) of isovaleric acid, 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid, and trace amounts of isobutyric acid were formed. these produc ... | 1989 | 2501014 |
| false resistance of streptococcus faecalis to enoxacin by disc diffusion susceptibility tests. | | 1989 | 2501266 |
| inducible, transferable resistance to vancomycin in enterococcus faecium, d399. | enterococcus faecium d399 was isolated from the blood and peritoneal abscess of a patient with intraabdominal sepsis. the patient had not been treated with vancomycin, but the strain was found to be resistant with a mic of 1000 mg/l. resistance was inducible and transferable (probably by conjugation) to jh2-2, and correlated with induction of synthesis of a 39 kda protein. this mechanism appears to be identical to that previously described for e. faecalis a256, suggesting that dissemination of t ... | 1989 | 2501270 |
| prevalence and susceptibility of highly gentamicin resistant enterococcus faecalis in a south london teaching hospital. | combinations of aminoglycosides plus ampicillin usually are necessary for the satisfactory management of serious enterococcus faecalis sepsis. a study in a south london hospital demonstrated that 7% of all e. faecalis, and 30% of those from blood cultures, were highly gentamicin resistant. addition of gentamicin confers no benefit to the treatment of these organisms with ampicillin. we looked at the susceptibility pattern of these organisms in vitro and concluded that ampicillin plus ciprofloxac ... | 1989 | 2501271 |
| the non-flavin redox center of the streptococcal nadh peroxidase. i. thiol reactivity and redox behavior in the presence of urea. | unlike the 2-electron-reduced (eh2) forms of the flavoprotein disulfide reductases and mercuric reductase, the native eh2 form of the streptococcal nadh peroxidase is quite refractile toward chemical modification with thiol-specific reagents. in the presence of 1.3 m urea, however, the single thiol of the reduced enzyme reacts with phenylmercuric acetate with a t1/2 of 3 min. this modification abolishes the charge-transfer absorbance band at 540 nm and inactivates the enzyme; the latter effect i ... | 1989 | 2501302 |
| the non-flavin redox center of the streptococcal nadh peroxidase. ii. evidence for a stabilized cysteine-sulfenic acid. | incubation of the streptococcal nadh peroxidase with 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoate under anaerobic denaturing conditions leads to the rapid incorporation of 1 eq/fad of the aromatic thiol. addition of dithiothreitol to the resulting conjugate, following ultrafiltration, demonstrates that a mixed disulfide has been formed. analysis of the denatured nadh peroxidase by iso-electric focusing reveals the presence of two predominant species differing in isoelectric point by approximately 0.1 units. preincuba ... | 1989 | 2501303 |
| sensibility assay for topical agents. a new method. | we present a new laboratory method to test the sensibility of clinically isolated strains to topical agents. it is a method of dilution of the whole cream in a solid medium. the cream is weighted, suspended in sterile water, and maintained at 45 degrees c. then a volume of that suspension is added to the agar, maintained at 45 degrees c also. the mixture is agitated and plated. afterwards 25 strains are inoculated by a multinoculator (cetin, bs. as., argentina). after incubation (18 hours at 37 ... | 1989 | 2501310 |
| antibiotic proteins of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | nine polypeptide peaks with antibiotic activity were resolved from human polymorphonuclear leukocyte azurophil granule membranes. all but 1 of the 12 constituent polypeptides were identified by n-terminal sequence analysis. near quantitative recovery of protein and activity permitted an assessment of the contribution of each species to the overall respiratory-burst-independent antimicrobial capacity of the cell. three uncharacterized polypeptides were discovered, including two broad-spectrum ant ... | 1989 | 2501794 |
| bactericidal and bacteriolytic action of peptide antibiotic as-48 against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms. | a purified peptide antibiotic as-48 from streptococcus faecalis spp liquiefaciens s-48 exerted a bactericidal mode of action against most gram-positive and many gram-negative bacteria tested. in many gram-positive bacteria and the two myxococcus species assayed, a bacteriolytic effect, as a consequence of primary lesions, was also observed. in general, the gram-negative bacteria were more resistant to as-48. escherichia coli protoplasts showed increased sensitivity and those of a resistant yeast ... | 1989 | 2501837 |
| postantibiotic effect of penicillin plus gentamicin versus enterococcus faecalis in vitro and in vivo. | a persistent suppression of bacterial growth following a brief exposure to an antibiotic (postantibiotic effect [( pae]) has been described for a variety of antibiotics and microorganisms. if a pae is present in vivo, antibiotic levels in tissue at the site of infection may decrease below the mic without bacterial regrowth in the latter portion of the dosing interval. in the present studies, a pae was sought in vitro and in vivo for penicillin g plus gentamicin versus enterococcus faecalis. the ... | 1989 | 2502064 |
| effect of blood product medium supplements on the activity of cefotaxime and other cephalosporins against enterococcus faecalis. | the activities of cefotaxime and other aminothiazoyl oxime cephalosporins against enterococcus faecalis were enhanced by addition of 5% sheep blood to mueller-hinton agar. this effect was not seen with aztreonam (aminothiazoyl oxime monobactam), cefotiam (aminothiazoyl, nonoxime), or other cephalosporins, and it was specific to the syn-configuration of the oxime moiety. enhancement of cefotaxime activity was demonstrable against approximately 50% of 86 clinical isolates and could only be shown a ... | 1989 | 2502357 |
| bacteriological study of choledochal bile in patients with common bile duct stones, with or without acute suppurative cholangitis. | acute suppurative cholangitis is a serious complication in extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction. bacteriological studies have shown that in these patients the bile cultures usually present several kinds of bacteria, especially gram-negative aerobic bacteria such as e. coli and klebsiella sp. the mortality rate in our patients with common bile duct stones and acute suppurative cholangitis is enhanced 5- to 10-fold. the aim of the present study was to analyse the bacterial properties of choledoc ... | 1989 | 2502489 |
| antibacterials. synthesis and structure-activity studies of 3-aryl-2-oxooxazolidines. 1. the "b" group. | the synthesis and structure/activity studies of the effect of varying the "b" group in a series of oxazolidinone antibacterials (i) are described. two synthetic routes were used: (1) alkylation of aniline with glycidol followed by dialkyl carbonate heterocyclization to afford i (a = h, b = oh), whose arene ring was further elaborated by using electrophilic aromatic substitution methodology; (2) cycloaddition of substituted aryl isocyanates with epoxides to give a and b with a variety of values. ... | 1989 | 2502627 |
| (3-amino-2-oxoalkyl)phosphonic acids and their analogues as novel inhibitors of d-alanine:d-alanine ligase. | the dipeptide d-alanyl-d-alanine is an essential precursor of bacterial peptidoglycan; thus, blocking its formation is a possible target for the design of novel antibacterial agents. the synthesis of this dipeptide by bacterial d-alanine:d-alanine ligase requires atp. in analogy with glutamine synthetase, we hypothesized a mechanism for this enzyme involving the intermediacy of d-alanyl phosphate. several (3-amino-2-oxoalkyl)phosphonic acids and their analogues have been synthesized as possible ... | 1989 | 2502630 |
| enhancement of survival from murine polymicrobial peritonitis with increased abdominal abscess formation. | muramyl dipeptide (mdp), a purified synthetic immune adjuvant, has been shown to increase murine intraabdominal abscess formation in a monomicrobial model using bacteroides fragilis. this effect required live bacteria and was abolished by appropriate antibiotics. a polymicrobial model of peritonitis and abdominal abscess formation using streptococcus fecalis, escherichia coli, and b. fragilis was initially used to determine mortality rates at various concentrations and obtain an appropriate ld50 ... | 1989 | 2502684 |
| bacteremia caused by a vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. | | 1989 | 2502769 |