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time course of visual multi-neuronal discharges evoked by eye movements in light. 19725015993
early effects of anti-insulin serum on hepatic metabolism of plasma free fatty acids in dogs. 19725022137
early effects of anti-insulin serum on hepatic metabolism of plasma free fatty acids in dogs. 19725022137
[nitrogen metabolism disorders in acute renal insufficiency. (experimental study)]. 19725052361
retroperitoneal abscess and septic arthritis of the hip in children: a problem in differential diagnosis. 19725054453
asymptomatic candiduria. prognosis, complications and some other clinical considerations. 19725064886
[effect of kidney pelvis urine on the final osmotic urine concentration in rat kidney]. 19725066007
[stall-associated hoof diseases]. 19715109010
[antidysentery vaccination. xi. a. pathogenic action on the guinea pig intestine following the administration "per os" of shigella flexneri 2a strains (pathogenic and non-pathogenic for guinea pig conjunctiva). b. attempted immunization by oral route as compared to the intraperitoneal route]. 19645318791
[on the occurrence of an enzyme which dehydrogenates butanediol in bacteria of the enterobacteriaceae family and its significance for the toxonomy of the genus shigella]. 19645319127
report on an epidemic due to shigella dysenteriae, type 1, in the somali interior. 19665322530
[on the taxonomic position of some representatives of the family enterobacteriaceae]. 19655323167
[experiments on the disclosure of new fungistatic agents. 8. the antimicrobial effect of aryl-azo-methylene group-containing compounds]. 19655323321
[incidence and pathogenic role of shigella isolated by coproculture]. 19665323698
studies on structure and function of bacterial fimbriae. 3. fimbriation and acid agglutination. 19655324541
properties and regulation of the beta-d-galactosidase in shigella dysenteriae and in escherichia coli-shigella dysenteriae hybrids.sarkar, s. (massachusetts institute of technology, cambridge). properties and regulation of the beta-d-galactosidase in shigella dysenteriae and in escherichia coli-shigella dysenteriae hybrids. j. bacteriol. 91:1477-1488. 1966.-shigella dysenteriae strain 60 has a beta-d-galactosidase related to that of escherichia coli but more heat-sensitive and with a turnover number about 10 times lower. hybridization by transduction produces strains with enzymes of intermediate properties by recombination ...19665326112
antibody production by 'cloned' cell populations. 19665326875
[host-controlled modification]. 19655327302
density-gradient separation of host-modified bacteriophage t2. 19655327657
comparison of the tryptophan synthetase alpha-subunits of several species of enterobacteriaceae.creighton, t. e. (stanford university, stanford), d. r. helinski, r. l. somerville, and c. yanofsky. comparison of the tryptophan synthetase alpha subunits of several species of enterobacteriaceae. j. bacteriol. 91:1819-1826. 1966.-the tryptophan synthetase alpha subunits of escherichia coli k-12, e. coli b, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium, and aerobacter aerogenes have been purified and their structures compared. each of these alpha subunits exhibits a sedimentation coefficient of ...19665327908
[on problems of diarrheal diseases--at the same time a contribution to the epidemiology of flexner's dysentery]. 19655328844
shigellemia without shigella diarrhea. report of a case. 19665330320
thirty years of clinical research and confirmation of the intestinal nosode dysentery co. 19665330578
[effect of streptomycin, biomycin and levomycetin on group b vitamin synthesis by dysentery bacteria]. 19655330885
shigellosis in the adult. 19665332041
[on the incidence of detection of carriers of levomycetin-resistant dysentery bacilli]. 19655333346
[the duration of synthomycin resistance and its recovery capacity in dysentery agents]. 19655333350
[use of the immunoelectrophoresis method in agar for studying the somatic antigen of dysentery bacilli]. 19655333351
development of h-sh and p1kcvir phages in shigella flexneri f6s studied by fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy. 19665333382
[studies on the resistance situation of shigellae]. 19655333434
[bacterial enteritis with special reference to dysentery. (1). basic aspects]. 19665333464
[studies on the duration of life of shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei in artificially infected milk and milk products]. 19655333548
[search for a simple criterion of evaluation of the efficacy of antidiarrheal drugs (cases of use of (5-chloro-8-acetoxy)quinolines)]. 19665333677
the bacteriostatic activity of sulphonamides in the presence and absence of protein. 19665333686
shigellosis: a clue to early diagnosis. 19675334045
analysis of sequential stages in serum bactericidal reactions.michael, j. gabriel (house of the good samaritan, children's hospital medical center, boston, mass.), and werner braun. analysis of sequential stages in serum bactericidal reaction. j. bacteriol. 87:1067-1072. 1964.-the bactericidal reaction of "normal" human serum against escherichia coli was found to be separable into two distinctive stages. the early (first) stage of the reaction lasts for a relatively short period of time, and involves factors that are present in sufficient amounts only in s ...19645334967
appearance of natural antibodies in young rabbits. 19665335547
mutants of bacteriophage s13 blocked in infectious dna synthesis. 19665335755
[the biological method in the identification of atypical bacteria of the dysentery group]. 19655337068
[the resistance of dysentery bacilli to antibiotics]. 19655337069
[methods for the production of genetic recombinants of e. coli and shigella dysenteriae]. 19655337386
[the duration of antibiotic resistance by bacillus dysenteriae]. 19655337811
double-blind treatment study of shigellosis comparing ampicillin, sulfadiazine, and placebo. 19675338090
[contributions to the determination of the sensitivity of b. dysenteriae to antibiotics]. 19665338662
[incidence of shigella in rumania during the period 1953-1964]. 19655339169
modification of leucyl-srna after bacteriophage infection. 19665339328
serum antibody responses to intestinal implantation of antigens in rats. 19675339799
immunological reactivity associated with antigens in the intestinal tract of rats. 19675339800
antibacterial and antifungal properties of beta-naphthol derivatives. vi. 19675340703
isolation and preliminary characterization of t4 mutants with nonglucosylated dna. 19675340730
isolation and characterization of a new generalized transducing bacteriophage different from p1 in escherichia coli.a new generalized transducing bacteriophage in the escherichia coli system was isolated and characterized. this phage, designated d108, makes clear plaques on e. coli k-10, k-12, k-12(p1kc), k-12(d6), b/r, c, and 15 t(-), and shigella dysenteriae. the plaque of phage d108 is larger in size than that of phage p1kc. electron-microscopic observation revealed that phages d108 and p1kc are morphologically different from each other, suggesting that phage d108 belongs to a phage group different from ph ...19715543429
the influence of exotoxin shigella shigae on the blood-brain barrier permeability to inorganic phosphate. 19665972201
immunoblotting procedure for the analysis of electrophoretically-fractionated bacterial lipopolysaccharide.a procedure is described for the efficient transfer of fractionated bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) from sds-polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose filters, and its subsequent display by a peroxidase-linked antibody. the method is sensitive, and reveals and resolves high molecular weight lps molecules having side chain lengths of up to and greater than 30 repeat units. it is useful for the rapid analysis of lps in bacterial outer membrane preparations.19846084988
[interest of gamma-glutamyltransferase in "enterobacteriaceae" (author's transl)].gamma-glutamyltransferase (gammagt) could be detected in 86,6% of 3,027 strains of enterobacteriaceae, by the use of gamma-l-glutamin-p-nitranilide acid for substrate. the following species produced gamma gt: citrobacter freundii, levinea malonatica, l. amalonatica, klebsiella pneumoniae, k. oxytoca, k. ozaenae, enterobacter aerogenes, e. cloacae, e. agglomerans, e. gergoviae, k. ozaenae, enterobacter aerogenes, e. cloacae, e. agglomerans, e. gergoviae, hafnia alvei, erwinia carotovora, serratia ...19806104464
plasmid characterisation in the investigation of an epidemic caused by multiply resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 in central africa.a strain of shigella dysenteriae type 1 resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, and tetracyclines has caused an epidemic of shiga dysentery in northeast zaire. since november 1979, it has caused many deaths in an extensive area which now includes neighbouring rwanda. the strain carries a resistance plasmid of compatibility group x, indistinguishable from the plasmid previously found in strains from somalia. this contrasts with multiply resistant strains of sh. dyst ...19816118525
acquisition of trimethoprim resistance in epidemic strain of shigella dysenteriae type 1 from zaire. 19826122794
escherichia coli o157:h7 strains associated with haemorrhagic colitis in the united states produce a shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga) like cytotoxin. 19836132054
cholera-like enterotoxin produced by campylobacter jejuni. characterisation and clinical significance.the presence and clinical significance of enterotoxins produced by campylobacter jejuni were investigated. the supernatant of a prototype virulent strain grown in supplemented medium induced intraluminal fluid secretion in rat ileal loop but not in rabbit ileal loop or the infant mouse assay. it induced elongation and increased intracellular cyclic amp levels in chinese hamster ovary cells. toxin activity was blocked by cholera antitoxin and was destroyed by heat and high or low ph; its molecula ...19836135079
purification of shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga)-like toxin from escherichia coli o157:h7 strain associated with haemorrhagic colitis. 19836136724
co-trimoxazole-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 outbreak in a family in bangladesh. 19836137632
environmental and human isolates of vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus produce a shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga)-like cytotoxin.some strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio cholerae, and non-o1 v cholerae produce a bacterial-cell-associated, heat-stable material that is cytotoxic for hela cells. cytotoxicity is completely neutralised by antibody to purified shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga) toxin but not by antibody to purified cholera toxin.19846140426
resistant shigella dysenteriae. 19836140517
epidemic bacillary dysentery in west bengal, india, 1984. 19846145892
nalidixic acid in shigella dysenteriae outbreaks. 19846146074
shiga bacillus: west bengal to bristol. 19846146826
epidemic of dysentery in west bengal: clinicians' enigma. 19846150220
inhibition of protein synthesis in intact hela cells by shigella dysenteriae 1 toxin.shiga toxin purified to near homogeneity from cell lysates of shigella dysenteriae 1 inhibited protein and deoxyribonucle acid syntheses in intact hela cells. inhibition was dependent on toxin concentration and time of incubation. a minimal latent period of 30 min was observed with saturating doses of toxin. ribonucleic acid synthesis, uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid, and maintenance of intracellular k+ concentrations were not affected until well after maximal inhibition of protein and deox ...19806156915
[obtaining dysentery and salmonellosis diagnostica for the coagglutination reaction in lyophilized form and the elaboration of a rapid system]. 19826182376
immunochemical studies on shigella dysenteriae type 9 bacterial polysaccharide.on graded hydrolysis and smith degradation, the o-somatic polysaccharide isolated from shigella dysenteriae type 9 bacteria, strain nctc 7919, yielded five oligosaccharides which were characterized. the positions of the o-acetyl and pyruvic acetal groups in the repeating unit were identified. immunochemical studies indicated that d-galactose is the immunodominant sugar in the polysaccharide, and one of the oligomers, having the structure gal-(1 leads to 3)-glcnac-(1 leads to 3)-gal-(1 leads to 4 ...19836189606
antigenic relationships between the enteroinvasive escherichia coli o antigens o28ac, o112ac, o124, o136, o143, o144, o152, and o164 and shigella o antigens.enteroinvasive escherichia coli strains have been found in the following o serogroups: o28ac, o112ac, o124, o136, o143, o144, o152, and o164. the biochemical reactions of these enteroinvasive e. coli strains are often similar to those of shigella strains, and identification may be difficult. the problem of differentiation and identification is further complicated by the sharing of antigenic components. the antigenic relationships between these o antigens and those of all the established and prov ...19836189854
bacterial agents in acute diarrhea. 19826191462
immunochemical studies on shigella dysenteriae type 10 bacterial polysaccharide.on graded hydrolysis and smith degradation, the o-somatic polysaccharide isolated from shigella dysenteriae type 10 bacteria yielded four oligosaccharides which were characterized by methylation studies. immunochemical studies using constituent monosaccharides and the oligosaccharides indicated that the sugar grouping leads to 3)-mannac-(1 leads to 3)-rha-(1 leads to 4)-glcnac-(1 leads to was the immunodominant part in the polysaccharide molecule, and that 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-mannose contribut ...19836200225
[neutralizing action of human blood preparations on shigella enterotoxins and choleragen].the possibility of neutralizing the enterotoxic activity of s. dysenteriae 1 neurotoxin, s. sonnei live virulent cultures and cholerigen with immune sera of different animals, normal human sera and commercial gamma-globulin preparations is shown.19846205524
[theoretical conformation analysis of specific o-antigenic polysaccharides. polysaccharide of shigella dysenteriae of serotype 2].theoretical conformational analysis of shigella dysenteriae serotype 2 polysaccharide containing repeating unit: -4gal beta 1-3galnac alpha 1-3(glcnac alpha 1-4)galnac alpha 1-4glc alpha 1- has been carried out. it is shown that spatial forms of the polymer are determined by conformational states of glc alpha 1-4gal links which form the internal bends of the chain. the structures of low energy are shown to be left three-fold helices with an axially projected repeat of approximately 12 a. n-aceta ...19836207841
acute diarrheal infections in infants i. bacterial and viral causes.this first article of a 2-part series examined the epidemiology, therapy, and prospects for immunoprophylaxis of diarrheal infections in infants. 3 main strains of escherichia coli can be identifiied with the etiology of infantile diarrhea: enterotoxigenic e. coli, invasive e. coli, and enteropathogenic e. coli. viral agents may also be the etiological agents. specific pathogens can be identified in 55-85% of cases of infantile diarrhea today; in the 1960s, only 25-34% of cases could be ident ...19806243608
multiple copies of iso-insertion sequences of is1 in shigella dysenteriae chromosome. 19816265806
dissimilar effects on body temperature in the cat produced by guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate, acetylcholine and bacterial endotoxin.1 guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic gmp) and n2-2'-o-dibutyryl guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (db cyclic gmp) have been injected into the third cerebral ventricle (i.c.v.) of the unanaesthetized cat and the effects of rectal temperature and on behavioural and autonomic activities observed and compared with those of acetylcholine and physostigmine. 2 acetylcholine (100 nmol) and physostigmine (100 nmol) injected together i.c.v. produced a rise in body temperature in cats at an environmental te ...19816274463
the nucleotide sequence coding for major outer membrane protein ompa of shigella dysenteriae.the nucleotide sequence of the ompa gene from shigella dysenteriae has been determined and the amino acid sequence of the pro-ompa protein predicted. sequence comparison between the ompa genes of s.dysenteriae and escherichia coli showed that features such as mrna secondary structure and codon usage, as well as polypeptide function, have been conserved during evolution. the pro-ompa protein of s.dysenteriae consists of 351 residues, as opposed to the 346 of the e.coli protein and also shows seve ...19826283478
susceptibility of shigellae to mecillinam, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim, and five other antimicrobial agents.a total of 199 strains of shigella (1 shigella dysenteriae, 15 s. boydii, 47 s. flexneri, and 136 s. sonnei) isolated in malmö, sweden, within a 3-year period (1977 through january 1980) were tested with the agar plate dilution method for susceptibility to commonly used and newer antimicrobial agents. mecillinam, nalidixic acid, and trimethoprim had the best in vitro activity. s. flexneri dominated among strains resistant to three or more antimicrobial agents and were less susceptible to ampicil ...19816289727
shigella dysenteriae 1 cytotoxin: periplasmic protein releasable by polymyxin b and osmotic shock.treatment of shigella dysenteriae 1 either with the antibiotic polymyxin b or by osmotic shock resulted in the release of 80 to 90% of the cytotoxin activity of the organism. under the conditions employed, the release of toxin activity was accompanied by the appearance of a periplasmic enzyme, 5'-nucleotidase. there was no significant release of cytoplasmic contents, assessed by measurement of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. the release of cytotoxin and 5'-nucleotidase by polymyxin b ...19836295958
release of shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae 1 by polymyxin b.release of shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae 1 was found to occur after exposure to polymyxin b. the amount of toxin released was dependent on both the polymyxin concentration and time of incubation. an immunoblot characterization of the shiga toxin released by polymyxin treatment demonstrated that it is electrophoretically similar to purified shiga toxin and to shiga toxin present in crude bacterial sonicates of s. dysenteriae 1 cells.19836299964
peripheral neuropathy following shigella dysentery. 19836316568
comparative study of the nature and biological activities of bacterial enterotoxins.it is apparent that there are considerable similarities between many of the enterotoxins produced by enteric pathogens. although the effect of most of these toxins is restricted to the intestine in vivo, many cells are also sensitive to intoxication in vitro. the resultant in-vitro biochemical changes may have no pathological significance but serve to underline the central role of cyclic nucleotides in cellular fluid regulation. the biological activity of these enterotoxins is the result of inte ...19846327986
comparative efficacies of pivmecillinam and ampicillin in acute shigellosis.the clinical efficacies of pivmecillinam and ampicillin were compared in a randomized double-blind trial in the treatment of acute shigellosis. of 44 adult male patients, all culture positive for shigella strains, 22 patients received 400 mg of pivmecillinam and 22 patients received 500 mg of ampicillin every 6 h. both drugs were administered orally for 5 days. four patients receiving ampicillin were infected with shigella strains that were resistant to ampicillin but susceptible to pivmecillina ...19846329092
animal toxicity of shigella dysenteriae cytotoxin: evidence that the neurotoxic, enterotoxic, and cytotoxic activities are due to one toxin.the lethal effect to rabbits and mice of shigella dysenteriae toxin and the ability of the toxin to induce fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loops were studied in relation to the cytotoxic activity. the relative concentrations of the three activities were approximately the same in a crude toxin preparation and in purified, electrophoretically homogenous toxin. the cytotoxic and lethal activities eluted identically from a high pressure liquid chromatography column and migrated at the same rate i ...19836336624
rapid method for detection, identification, and susceptibility testing of enteric pathogens.three hundred and seven colonies believed to be enteric pathogens were selected from primary plates of macconkey, xylose desoxycholate, or salmonella-shigella agar for inoculation to lactose-sucrose broth, urea-41 motility medium, modified andrade glucose broth with inverted durham tube, pregrowth broth, triple sugar iron agar, lysine iron agar (lia), and christensen urea agar. the rapid screen consisted of interpreting the lactose-sucrose, urea-41 motility, and modified andrade glucose broth ga ...19836338037
shigellosis with bacteremia: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.it is widely believed by both physicians and microbiologists that bacteremia is a rare event in shigellosis. we report two cases of shigellosis with positive blood cultures and review 68 cases reported in the literature between 1963 and 1981. we suggest that detection of bacteremia in shigellosis may be facilitated by a greater awareness of the following findings. 1. eighty-seven percent of all cases of shigellosis with bacteremia reported in the literature during the 18-year period reviewed occ ...19836340078
purification and characterization of a shigella dysenteriae 1-like toxin produced by escherichia coli.a toxin from an enteropathogenic strain of escherichia coli (e. coli h30) was purified to apparent homogeneity from cell lysates. the steps used to isolate the e. coli h30 toxin included french pressure-cell disruption of bacteria grown in iron-depleted media. affi-gel blue chromatography, chromatofocusing, and anti-shiga toxin affinity chromatography. the mobilities of the subunits of radioiodinated e. coli h30 toxin and shiga toxin observed after the two toxins were subjected to sodium dodecyl ...19836341244
shigella infections in the united states, 1974-1980.during the seven-year period 1974-1980, 93,516 shigella isolates from humans were reported to the centers for disease control, atlanta, through a nationwide surveillance system. over the past 30 years, the reported incidence of shigellosis has been declining in contrast to that reported for salmonellosis. shigella sonnei (group d) now accounts for approximately 70% of the shigella isolates reported, since most of the decline has been due to the increasingly less frequent infections caused by shi ...19836341480
[epidemiology of bacillary dysentery in algeria. i. the epidemiological aspects of dysentery in algeria].bacterial dysentery plays an important role among infectious diseases in algeria. a tendency to the growth of the morbidity rate has been observed. dysentery is irregularly spread in different zones of the country. the highest morbidity rate is registered in the sahara zone and in the eastern part of the country. the morbidity rate among the urban population is higher than among the rural population. s. flexneri prevail in the etiological structure of dysentery infection. of all age groups, the ...19836342313
leads from the mmwr. shigella dysenteriae type 2 outbreak in us naval hospital. 19836343642
multiple enteric pathogens in travelers from endemic areas: case report. 19836344046
[eternal return... the reappearance of shiga bacillus in central africa]. 19836344812
outbreak of shigella dysentery in eastern zaire, 1980-1982. 19836344814
isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to shiga toxin.hybridoma cell lines which produce monoclonal antibodies to shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae 1 were prepared. the monoclonal antibodies were all of the immunoglobulin g1 isotype and differed in their ability to neutralize cytotoxicity and to bind to shiga toxin in a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. when used for immunoblot analysis, these antibodies were able to identify specifically both nicked and unnicked shiga toxin in crude lysates of s. dysenteriae.19836345399
[new directions in the study of immunity in dysentery]. 19836346759
[causes of sequential changes in the etiological structure of dysentery and the other epidemiologic patterns of this infection]. 19836349187
trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole-resistant shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 (shiga's bacillus) in gimira, south-west ethiopia. 19836354711
pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea. viii. evidence for a translocation step in the cytotoxic action of shiga toxin.shigella toxin interacts with hela cells by binding to a glycoprotein cell surface receptor and, after a lag period, inactivates the 60s ribosomal subunit and inhibits protein synthesis. the lag period may be due to energy-dependent translocation of the toxin to the interior of the cells. this step was investigated with agents known to inhibit glucose metabolism, mitochondrial energy production, or macromolecular synthesis and with drugs that alter the cytoskeletal system or lysosomes. metabolic ...19836355319
[topology of the structural proteins of long tail fibers of phages t4d, ddvih+ and ddvih].topology of the products of the genes 34, 35, 36 and 37 of the bacteriophage t4d long tail fibers were determined with the aid of monospecific antibodies. the antibodies against gene product 34 were the only to interact with the proximal part of long tail fibers, but the distal part bound the antibodies against 35, 36 and 37. product of the gene 35 is located at the joint-site with the distal part and binds the distance not more than 75 a long. gene product 36 is located between these of 35 and ...19836355821
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