| [antibacterial activity of antibiotics in human bile (author's transl)]. | marked differences exist between antibacterial activity in human bile and broth. whereas penicillins and cephalosporines exhibit virtually the same activity in broth and bile, tetracycline shows a great lose, and the activity of the aminoglykosides is increased in bile. minimal inhibitory concentrations of chlorampenicol and co-trimoxazole are also different in broth and human bile. the differences in activity are related to the ph although not all deviations can be attributed to the effect of t ... | 1976 | 820649 |
| comparative evaluation of five aminoglycosides for treatment. | gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, amikacin and kanamycin are compared for therapeutic use by correlating the in vitro minimal inhibitory concentration with the in vivo concentration of the antibiotic attainable in the serum at half the time intervall between two administrations of the drugs. using this method of evaluation, e. coli, enterobacter and sensitive strains of the klebsiella and pseudomonas species can be treated in principle equally well with gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin, and ... | 1976 | 820656 |
| microbiology--detection of bacterial pathogens and their occurrence. | | 1976 | 820880 |
| [a microbiological survey of stool samples from normal and diarrheic persons in 2 districts of ankara]. | | 1975 | 820946 |
| in vitro studies with sisomicin and gentamicin. | sisomicin and gentamicin were tested in vitro against 222 clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria using the ics agar dilution procedure. the two drugs were comparable in terms of overall activity although statistical analyses of the data revealed significant differences in their activity against several genera. sisomicin was significantly more active against pseudomonas aeruginosa (p less than 0.001), proteus mirabilis (p less than 0.005), and escherichia coli (p less than 0.01); gentamicin was ... | 1976 | 821725 |
| therapy of infections with cefazolin. | 16 patients with acute urinary tract infections, 6 with acute lower respiratory tract infections and 3 with miscellaneous infections were treated with 1 g cefazolin parenterally 3 times daily. all patients, except one in whom therapy was discontinued, were cured. both intramuscular and intravenous administration resulted in high-peak serum levels, and concentrations after 8 h were still inhibitory to relevant pathogens. the drug was well tolerated and caused, after intramuscular injection, proba ... | 1976 | 821726 |
| [cortisone and liquemin therapy of septic shock in peritonitis]. | | 1976 | 821728 |
| [chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis. clinical aspects and bacteriology]. | 50 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis were examined. in 66% an open fracture, caused either by traffic or industrial accidents was the primary reason for hospitalization. the most frequent pathogenic bacterium was staphylococcus aureus: 80% of the patients suffered from staphylococcal infections, mostly, however, in mixed culture with pseudomonas aeruginosa or clebsiella. whereas the peripheral leukocyte count and the serum electrophoresis showed abnormal values only in ... | 1976 | 821835 |
| absence of bacterial resistance to povidone iodine. | povidone iodine is now being increasingly used in hospitals as an antiseptic. the possible habituation of bacteria to iodine was studied by serial passage of two strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, two strains of escherichia coli, two strains of klebsiella aerogenes, and one strain of serratia marcescens in subinhibitory concentrations. after 20 passages, no significant change was observed in the minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal bactericidal concentration, and killing times between paren ... | 1976 | 821972 |
| the presence of a variant of type-iiia beta-lactamase in a series of strains isolated in a burns unit. | an outbreak of carbenicillin-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a burns unit in 1968-69 occurred in two phases separated by a period when no resistant pseudomonas were detected. nevertheless, strains of klebsiella aerogenes carrying r factors similar to those in the pseudomonas strains were encountered in the intervening period. the similarity of the plasmids occurring in all stages of this outbreak has been confirmed by the fact that each specifies a novel variant of type-iiia beta-l ... | 1976 | 822168 |
| [indwelling catheter after laparotomy with special reference to retrograde urinary tract infections (author transl)]. | | 1976 | 822188 |
| [significance of antibody titers in recurrent urinary tract infection in children (author's transl)]. | 2254 antibody titers have been measured by the indirect hemagglutination method in 84 children with recurrent urinary tract infection using single organisms as homologous or several strains from one species (e. coli, proteus, klebsiella, pseudomonas) as polyvalent antigens. increase of homologous antibody titers within 3 weeks following a significant bacteriuria (65% of all cases) has been found to be a more reliable parameter for diagnosis of infection than leukocyturia or clinical symptoms. de ... | 1976 | 822268 |
| the role of bacteria in the metabolism of rumen entodiniomorphid protozoa. | | 1975 | 822530 |
| gram-hegative bacillemia. | members of the klebsiella-enterobacter-serratia group now appear to be the most common cuase of gram-negative bacillemia, followed in order of frequency by e. coli, bacteroides, polymicrobic infection, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and miscellaneous pathogens. however, e coli continues to be the organism most frequently responsilbe for bacteremia arising from the urinary tract. although the urinary tract remains the most common portal of entry for gram-negative bacillemia, a wide variety of extraurina ... | 1976 | 822557 |
| susceptibility of "enterobacteria" to penicillins, cephalosporins, lincomycins, erythromycin, and rifampin. | agar dilution tests for susceptibility of gram-negative rods and enterococci were done with a number of penicillins, cephalosporins, lincomycin analogues, erythromycin, and rifampin. many in the first three categories were investigational drugs. all were generally less active than aminoglycoside and tetracycline antibiotics against gram-negative rods and more active against enterococci. cephalosporins as a group were more active than penicillins against klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli ... | 1976 | 823280 |
| microbiological studies on some bladder irrigation fluids. | a 1.5% glycine solution has recently been introduced as a bladder irrigation fluid. in this study, glycine solution was compared with two other recognised bladder irrigants (chlorhexidine and noxythiolin) for its inhibitory activity against common urinary tract pathogens. glycine solution supported the growth of nearly 50% of the bacterial strains tested whereas chlorhexidine and noxythiolin were completely inhibitory. in quantitative studies with selected strains it was found that growth could ... | 1976 | 824207 |
| [in-vitro synergism between beta-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycoside antibiotics in pseudomonas, proteus and klebsiella (proceedings)]. | | 1976 | 824893 |
| susceptibility of clinically important gram-negative bacilli to 15 antibiotics. comparison of patterns in poland and federal republic of germany. | three hundred and sixty strains of gram-negative bacilli (escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, enterobacter cloacae, providencia, indole-positive and indole-negative proteus, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens), were isolated by random in poland and germany, and tested by agar dilution method for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents, including six cephalosporin derivatives, colistin, gentamycin and tobramycin, three newer tetracyclines, ampicillin and ... | 1976 | 824896 |
| glycerol dissimilation and its regulation in bacteria. | | 1976 | 825019 |
| in vitro comparison of netilmicin, a semisynthetic derivative of sisomicin, and four other aminoglycoside antibiotics. | one hundred isolates of pseudomonas and enterobacteriaceae, of which 85 were chosen because of their resistance to gentamicin or amikacin, were tested for susceptibility to netilmicin (sch 20569), a new semisynthetic derivative of sisomicin, and to four other aminoglycosides. tests were performed in mueller-hinton agar and, with 43 of these isolates, also in mueller-hinton broth. most isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, and serratia that were gentamicin resistant ... | 1976 | 825021 |
| [introduction of the bacteriophage mu into a nitrogen-fixing strain klebsiella pneumoniae m 5 a 1]. | mu cts 62 a thermo-inductible mutant of phage mu was integrated in e. coli in to the broad host range rp4 plasmid. the hybrid plasmid rp4::mu cts 62 was then transferred by mating to the dinitrogen-fixing strain k. pneumoniae m5al. in klebsiella mu cts 62 is still heat inducible and the phage production is similar to that observed in e. coli. mu should be a useful tool for the genetic analysis of nitrogen fixation. | 1976 | 825294 |
| protection against gram-negative infection by 'super-active' antigen. | 'super-active' antigens modified antigens released from bacteria which had been phagocytosed and killed by human leucocytes, were found to induce protective responses in mice within 24 h of immunization. at the earliest time (24 h) when immunized mice were protected against lethal intrapertoneal (i.p.) challenge by the bacteria from which which the 'super-active' antigens were made (proteus mirabilis) the leucocytes of peripheral blood from immunized mice showed enhanced phagocytosis and killing ... | 1976 | 825449 |
| in vitro susceptibility of clinically important bacteria to amikacin: correlation of results of broth dilution and disk sensitivity tests and effect of medium composition. | minimal inhibitory concentrations of amikacin for 296 strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria determined in mueller-hinton broth by the method recommended by the international collaborative study group confirmed previous observations that amikacin is effective against current clinical isolates sensitive to gentamicin and that strains moderatly sensitive or resistant to gentamicin are often inhibited by clinically achievable concentrations. a simple linear regression analysis was used ... | 1976 | 825584 |
| in vitro susceptibility of recently isolated gram-negative bacteria to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin. | the emergence of bacteria with r-factor-mediated resistance transferable to many strains of pseudomononas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, and some proteus and providencia species has been reported in hospitals in the rhine-main region of germany. in a comparative study, 1,250 strains belonging to 12 clinically important bacterial species were tested for susceptibility to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin by the tube dilution methods. gentam ... | 1976 | 825585 |
| susceptibility of recently isolated bacteria to amikacin in vitro: comparisons with four other aminoglycoside antibiotics. | in vitro tests for susceptibility to amikacin and to four other aminoglycoside antibiotics were carried out with strains of many bacterial species by use of an agar dilution method and an inocula replicator. in general, amikacin was as active as or more active against most of the organims than kanamycin, neomycin, and streptomycin; in particular, amikacin was active against strains resistant to one or more of these three antibiotics. amikacin was more active than gentamicin against strains of no ... | 1976 | 825588 |
| use of amikacin in a hospital for children: microbiological and clinical studies. | trends in relative susceptibility of clinical isolates, mostly from newborns with nosocomial infections, to the aminoglycosides in use in a hospital for children are described and related to practical therapeutic aspects. currently, amikacin is the most effective of the available antibiotics against many gram-negative bacterial species, and its administration appears to be as complicated as that of other aminoglycosides. with 5 mug/ml taken as the cut-off point for susceptibility in vitro, 90% o ... | 1976 | 825592 |
| [lipid a antibody titers and o antibody titers in crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and acute enteritis (author's transl)]. | in 18 patients with crohn's disease, 28 patients with ulcerative colitis, 24 patients with acute enteritis and in 68 healthy adults lipid a antibody titers were determined by the passive hemolysis test. in addition o antibody titers to polyvalent escherichia coli, klebsiella, proteus and pseudomonas aeruginosa antigens were measured by indirect hemagglutination. the patients with crohn's disease showed a statistically significant elevation of the lipid a antibody titers compared with each of th ... | 1976 | 825710 |
| [in vitro activity of cefoxitin, a new cephalosporin (author's transl)]. | the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of cefoxitin (cex), cefazolin (cez) and cephalothin (cef) against e. coli (n = 380), klebsiella pneumoniae (n =108) and staph. aureus (n = 47) were determined by the agar diffusion method. for proteus mirabilis (n = 69) and indole-positive proteus species (n = 23), the tube dilution test was used. cef was the most active against staph. aureus while cez showed greater activity against e. coli. cex was the most active against kl. pneumoniae and proteus s ... | 1976 | 825763 |
| [pneumomediastinum and mediastinitis, rare complications of a lung abscess. 1 case]. | a case is reported with pneumomediastinum and mediastinitis complicating lung abscess in the lingula of a 77-year-old man. causative factors were the association of virulent organisms having necrotizing properties in a host with diminished resistance and location of the cavity adjacent to the mediastinal pleura. a review of 1119 documented patients with lung abscess revealed that this complication has been reported only twice previously. early surgical drainage combined with systemic administrat ... | 1976 | 825964 |
| [sensitivity of bacteria causing urinary tract infections towards terizidon (author's transl)]. | in agar diffusion tests 2603 bacterial strains of species known to cause urinary tract infections were tested routinely in regard to their sensitivity towards terizidon, a derivative of cycloserine. in order to relate the results which were obtained in terms of the diameter of the inhibiton zone, to the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic), 304 of these strains were tested additionally in agar dilution tests. the mics of the other strains were estimated from the results of these tests. since ... | 1976 | 826024 |
| multiple drug resistance in klebsiella-enterobacter, proteus mirabilis and pseudomonas aeruginosa--an analysis of all-nation computer-processed data. | this last communication on the results of an one-year computer follow-up of single, double, and multiple antibiotic resistance of so-called problem bacteria in slovakia presents computerised data on double, and important triple, quadruple and quintuple resistance of klebsiella-enterobacter, p. mirabilis and ps. aeruginosa strains. bi- and multi-resistant strains absolutely prevail in klebsiella (more than 60% of many thousands of strains tested), p. mirabilis (90%) and ps. aeruginosa (95%). spec ... | 1976 | 826047 |
| [possibility of the development of resistance to disinfectants in microorganisms (author's transl)]. | germs resistant to disinfectants have been found by various authors in hospitals. the question arise whether this is a case of primary resistance or - similar to resistance to antibiotics - a development of resistance takes place. five fully sensitive laboratory germs were exposed for longer periods of time to sublethal doses of four basic constituents of disinfectants (phenole, isopropanole, formaldehyde, chloramine 80). after a different number of passages an increasing resistance could be not ... | 1976 | 826049 |
| [study on the antibacterial activity of penicillins and cephalosporines in urine (author's transl)]. | minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) for penicillin (pen), ampicillin (amp), cephalothin (cef), cefazolin (cez), carbenicillin (car) and ticarcillin (tic) were determined against strep. faecalis, e. coli, k. pneumoniae, prot. mirabilis and ps. aeruginosa in sensitivity test broth (stb) and human urine. marked differences were seen in mic between these two media, especially against p. mirabilis strains tested. against e. coli the mic of amp, cef and cez were similar or slightly lower in urine ... | 1976 | 826261 |
| [further investigations into the effectiveness of gentamicin and other antibiotics against urinary tract infection organisms (author's transl)]. | in continuance of our investigations from 1968 to 1972, we isolated 32939 microorganisms from urinary tract infections and subjected them to routine sensitivity tests against six antibiotics from 1973 to august 1975. all organisms except enterococci and proteus proved to be sensitive to gentamicin at a level exceeding 90% during the study period of two and a half years. a loss of activity of gentamicin worth mentioning was not detected during the studies. so this antibiotic must further be consi ... | 1976 | 826773 |
| [therapy of meningitis (author's transl)]. | for the specific and unspecific treatment of purulent meningitis, penicillin, ampicillin and chloramphenicol are usually sufficient. only resistant pathogens (klebsiella, pseudomonas among others) and meningitis in infants require other treatment. cephalosporins and aminoglycosides only come into consideration for the treatment of very rare exceptional cases. the still relatively poor prognosis of purulent meningitis is largely independent of the efficacy of the treatment. delay in beginning the ... | 1976 | 826809 |
| gentamicin and tobramycin--an in vitro comparison using 1400 clinical isolates. | the in vitro antimicrobial activities of tobramycin and gentamicin against 1400 bacterial isolates from clinical material were compared. the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by an agar dilution technique. both of these aminoglycoside antibiotics had a similar spectrum of activity, being highly active against most species of aerobic gram-negative bacilli and staphylococcus aureus. gentamicin was more active than tobramycin against most species of enterobacteria but tobramycin was ... | 1976 | 826868 |
| [qualitative and quantitative researches into bacterial flora of respiratory apparatus (author's transl)]. | the first group of data illustrated in this research concern the isolation's frequencies of bacterial strains from 7000 samples of respiratory materials examinated in two years, 1973 and 1974, by two different techniques. significant differences were observed in the isolation's percentage of various bacterial strains; these differences, at least partly, can be attributed at the different techniques employed in two years. the second group of data is represented by results of bacterial quantitatio ... | 1976 | 827984 |
| [antimicrobical resistance of bacterial strains isolated in specimens of the respiratory tract (author's transl)]. | more than 4,000 susceptibility tests of antimicrobical agents performed in two years with six groups of microorganisms: 1) staphylococcus, 2) escherichia coli, 3) proteus, 4) enterobacter and klebsiella, 5) citrobacter, 6) pseudomonas aeruginosa, have been compared. percentages of antimicrobical resistance of every group are here related and statistically compared to discover significant susceptibility variations of bacteria isolated in 1973 and 1974. | 1976 | 827986 |
| [on the acute respiratory infections of anaerobes bacteria: clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic results (author's transl)]. | in order to isolate and identify aerobe and obligate anaerobe (o.a.) bacteria investigations were carried out on 11 patients with acute respiratory tract infections (7 of them severely ill and hospitalized in an intensive care unit). o.a. species were isolated in 7 subjects, in all cases in mixed culture (from 2 to 5 species per sample), including also potentially pathogenic aerobe bacteria (pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, etc). on the 24 strains of o.a. bacteria identified, m.i.c ... | 1976 | 827988 |
| [evaluation of successful chemotherapie of infections of the urinary system by determination of antibacterial activity in the urine (author's transl)]. | 5,589 urin samples from patients with suspected infections of the urinary tract were screened for inhibiting activity against baz. cereus (atcc 6051). in 19% of these urines such inhibitors could be found. in spite of the antibacterial inhibition activity nearly half of the samples had bacteria in high number. by comparison of the various bacterial species in both groups of urin, in those without antibacterial "problem-bacteria": klebsiella-enterobacter- proteus- candida-species is demonstrated. ... | 1976 | 828144 |
| [on the growth of various enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and alkaligenes spec. in distilled water, de-ionized water, tap water, and mineral salt solution (author's transl)]. | the behaviour of 12 strains of gram-negative bacteria was analysed in media having a low content of nutrients. sterile tap water, de-ionized water, aqua bidestillata and mineral salt solution were used. it was found that serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter, klebsiella and citrobacter are those with the most frequently observed growth. in the mineral salt solution survived also providencia, e. coli, erwinia, hafnia, and alkaligenes and reached max. colony numbers of some 100 ... | 1976 | 828367 |
| [etiopathogenetic approach to the treatment of viral-bacterial pneumonias]. | the efficacy of aerosols of leukocytal interferon used in complex with antibacterial and other medicamentous agents was studied during influenza epidemic in 1975 due to port-chalmers virus of influenza a with increased numbers of viral-bacterial pneumonia. the viral-sta-phylococcal etiology of the infection was confirmed in 80 per cent of the cases under stationary conditions. various microorganism and most often staph aureus were isolated in addition to the viruses from the patient's sputum and ... | 1976 | 828482 |
| [isolating and enriching broths of salmonellae]. | the authors have tested in 3 isolating and enriching broths some salmonellae; the broths are available commercially (mueller-kaufmann broth, leifson broth and hajna gn broth) and they tested their inhibitory capacity (concerning the growth of intestinal saprophyte flora) and their enriching capacities with regard to the various types of salmonellae also. the method used consists in an exact evaluation of the increase percentage of the germs which were put to incubate in the broths at 37 degree c ... | 1976 | 828483 |
| [further researches on antimicrobial agents involvement in urine bacteriological analysis (author's transl)]. | a further investigation on about 2700 urine samples for testing the presence of antimicrobial drugs (spot-test) has been carried out. bacteriostatic agents were present in 35% of all samples analysed, of these, 47% were urines producing no growth on culturing, 10% had a bacterial count of 10(4) and 43% of 10(5) or more. the frequency of the spot-test positive samples was correlated to the origin from the different hospital departments. gram-positive bacteria were the most represented in the samp ... | 1976 | 828484 |
| [optimal dosage of semisynthetic penicillins. ii. microbiological research]. | | 1975 | 828598 |
| immunologic aspects of leprosy with reference to extravascular immunoglobulins: their excretion profile in urine. | an aliquot of 24-hour urine collected from leprosy patients was concentrated and examined for the presence of albumin, transferrin, igg, iga, igm, igd, d3, kappa and lambda light chains by the gel diffusion technic using respective monospecific antisera. urinary protein excretion profile in lepromatous leprosy patients showed that while excretion of transferrin in the urine was negligible; that of igg molecules, a substance of higher molecular weight, was significant. it is suggested that the im ... | 1976 | 828627 |
| [fecal bacterial flora under circumstances of prevailing multi-drug resistant bacteria. 2. changes in fecal bacterial flora and drug-resistance of e. coli and klebsiella after administration of antibiotics in infant diarrhea]. | | 1976 | 828666 |
| [infective situation in a cow barn contaminated with klebsiella mastitis]. | the infection situation in a four-row cow-house for 153 animals with a frequent occurrence of klebsiella mastitis was subject to a detailed analysis. the following results were obtained after two collections of blood and udder-quarter milk samples examined by the test-tube agglutination, gel precipitation, and bacteriological diagnosis methods: 1. streptococcus agalactiae was isolated from milk samples 28 and 31 times, pseudomonas aeruginosa 15 and 19 times, staphylococcus arueus 16 and 19 times ... | 1976 | 828991 |
| [etiology of mastitidos in dairy cows in slovakia during 1975]. | in 1975, in the veterinary institutes in slovakia bacteriological examinations of 54824 samples of milk coming from 28737 dairy cows were performed. bacterial germs responsible for the inflammation of the mammary gland were found in the milk of 18.91% of cows. these were: streptococcus agalactiae (in 13.93% of cows), staphylococcus aureus (2.86%), other streptococci (1.32%), e. coli (0.13%), klebsiella sp. (0.13%), corynebacterium pyogenes (0.15%), other bacterial germs (0.39%). streptococci and ... | 1976 | 828997 |
| recent status of bacterial sensitivities to various antibiotics. | | 1976 | 829148 |
| [bacteriological and clinical studies of 100 significant urocultures]. | the authors illustrate a screening for bacteriuria performed on 348 samples of urine by patients occurred to observation in two departments of internal medicine from october 1973 to october 1974. the technique to sampling urine has been the meadstream. colony counts of over 10(5) germs per ml or urine were shown in 100 cases. selective culture media were used for urinary bacteria identification. the aa. show a series of considerations on the pathogenetic significance of microbial cell concentrat ... | 1975 | 829592 |
| prevalence and characterization of resistance to gentamicin in gram-negative bacteria. | a survey of the occurrence of resistance to gentamicin in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria revealed a 3-fold increase in the percentage of resistant strains between 1974 (4%), and 1976 (12%). gentamicin resistance was mainly found in isolates from hospitalized patients. serratia (35--78%), proteus inconstans (53--62%), klebsiella (6--21%), acinetobacter (9--17%) and pseudomonas (9--14%) exhibited the highest percentage of resistance to this drug. gentamicin inactivating enzymes were d ... | 1976 | 829605 |
| [low weight newborn infants as carriers of bacteria and their bacterial diseases]. | | 1976 | 829822 |
| growth of common bacteria and candida albicans in 10% soybean oil emulsion. | bacterial and fungal growth in 10% soybean oil emulsion (intralipid) and 5% fibrin hydrolysate in 5% dextrose was studied at 4, 25 and 37 degrees c. staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, str. fecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli and candida albicans were grown in broth at 37 degrees c, diluted in saline and inoculated into each of the two preparations as well as a mixture of the two. growth was measured at 24, 48 and 72 hours. in 10% soybean emulsion, ... | 1975 | 830063 |
| tyramine oxidase and regulation of arylsulfatase synthesis in klebsiella aerogenes. | the participation of tyramine oxidase in the regulation of arylsulfatase synthesis in klebsiella aerogenes was studied. arylsulfatase was synthesized when this organism was grown with methionine or taurine as the sulfur source (nonrepressing conditions) and was repressed by inorganic sulfate or cysteine; this repression was relieved by tyramine and related compounds (derepressing conditions). under nonrepressing conditions, arylsulfatase synthesis was not regulated by tyramine oxidase synthesis. ... | 1977 | 830648 |
| human milk, leukocytes, and immunity. | human milk, particularly colostrum, is rich in host-resistance factors, including immunoglobulins, principally secretory iga; c4, c3, and c3 proactivators; lactoferrin, the iron-binding protein; a nitrogen-containing compound which promotes growth of lactobacillus bifidus; a fatty acid with antistaphylococcal properties; interferon, the antiviral protein; and living leukocytes. storage of human milk, as is done in europe, reduces or diminishes some of these factors, depending on storage method ... | 1977 | 830887 |
| bacteriological evaluation of fosfomycin in clinical studies. | since fosfomycin has behaved in vitro as a broad-spectrum antibiotic, an attempt has been made to evaluate this behaviour in controlled clinical study carried out at different spanish hospitals. a total of 959 patients were treated for some of the following infectious clinical processes: gonococcal urethritis, typhoid fever, enterocolitis, acute and chronic urinary tract infections, osteomyelitis, chronic otorrhoea, septicaemia, meningitis, peritonitis, surgical and suppurative infections, bronc ... | 1977 | 832523 |
| treatment of urinary infections with fosfomycin. | this report deals with the study made of the treatment of 45 acute, subacute and chronic urinary infections in a department of general medicine. 43 of these were infections caused by a single species of bacteria and 3 were caused by more than one species. the sensitivity test of the isolated organisms (e. coli, proteus, serratia, pseudomonas, klebsiella and s. faecalis) showed 83.33% of the strains to be senstive and 16.8% of the strains to be resistant. nevertheless, this last group of strains, ... | 1977 | 832524 |
| fosfomycin in infantile acute gastroenteritis. | a clinical test was carried out on 83 children suffering from infectious diarrhoeal processes who were treated with fosfomycin with the oral and paranteral route. coproculture was carried out in all the children before the beginning of treatment and in 51 of them it was repeated at the end of treatment. antibiograms were made on the isolated germs and their mic to fosfomycin studied. tolerance and secondary effects of the medicament were also studied. the study was considered insufficient in 13 ... | 1977 | 832529 |
| clinical bacteriological evaluation of infantile bacteriuria treated with fosfomycin. | the therapeutic action of fosfomycin has been studied in a group of 14 children, with simple and complicated infections of the urinary tract with congenital renal malformations. in the bacteriological study of the urine it was observed that the strains most frequently isolated were e. coli, proteus sp. and klebsiella sp. of the 25 strains isolated 76% were sensitive to the disc of 50 mug fosfomycin and 24% moderately sensitive with a mic of 64 and 128 mug/ml. the doses of fosfomycin used were 15 ... | 1977 | 832532 |
| fosfomycin in acute bronchopneumopathies. | fosfomycin has been tested in 25 adult patients with bronchial or bronchopulmonary acute processes, of which 13 were simple acute processes of a greater or lesser severity, and 12 acutenesses of chronic bronchial processes. the germs found most frequently in the sputum cultures were streptococcus pneumoniae and klebsiella. fosfomycin was used intramuscularly with doses of 4 g/day, for an average of 10 days. the results obtained were 16 cures, 7 improvements and 2 failures, which represents 92% s ... | 1977 | 832533 |
| treatment of respiratory infections with fosfomycin. | results are presented for a series of 29 patients, 14 males and 15 females, with serious respiratory infections, in which fosfomycin proved effective. in all cases the study was completed by bacteriological, clinical, radiological and analytical controls. the average dose was 6 g/day (3 g orally and 3 g intramuscularly) for 1 or 2 weeks. the four isolated were p. aeruginosa, e. coli, klebsiella-enterobacter and d. pneumoniae. overall sensitivity percentages were best for fosfomycin, gentamicin a ... | 1977 | 832535 |
| activity of fosfomycin in the treatment of bacterial infections. | 30 patients with different infections were treated with fosfomycin: 13 had urinary infections, 14 had pneumonial infections, 2 had staphylococcus osteomyelitis and 1 had staphylococcus septicemia. the antibiotic was administered in doses ranging from 100 to 230 mg/kg/day, with periods of treatment that lasted from 5 to 58 days. the doses were administered every 6 h by the oral or intramuscular route. a total of 35 organisms were isolated: 7 e. coli, 7beta-hemolitic streptococcus, 6 proteus sp., ... | 1977 | 832537 |
| interactions of fosfomycin with other antibiotics. | we selected 100 strains of organisms that were isolated in our hospital, which came from pathological products and which had an mic of fosfomycin of 256 mug/ml or more and belonged to the genera klebsiella, pseudomonas, escherichia coli, serratia, enterobacter, proteus, acinetobacter, levinea and staphylococcus. we have studied the effect of the association of fosfomycin with 15 antibiotics (beta-lactamins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, etc.) and 5 chemotherapeutics. the 11 selected strains w ... | 1977 | 832546 |
| the evolution of the sensitivity to fosfomycin over the past two years. | the sensitivity of 1,823 bacteriological strains of differing types is shown (e. coli, klebsiella-enterobacter-serratia, proteus-providence, pseudomonas, salmonella-shigella-citrobacter, haemophilus, staphylococcus and streptococcus); all of clinical origin, isolated during march and april, 1975. the methods used were series of double dilutions in mueller-hinton agar and the disc-plate method (weight of 50 mug). a comparative study is made of the sensitivity between a part of the present strains ... | 1977 | 832547 |
| [in-vitro sensitivity of klebsiella-enterobacter strains against cefazolin (author's transl)]. | investigation of the resistance of 290 strains of the klebsiella-enterobacter group (252 klebsiella and 38 enterobacter strains) against cefazolin showed that 63% of the enterobacter strains were resistant and 50% of the klebsiella strains were sensitive both in the serial dilution test and in the agar diffusion test. a total of 78% were inhibited by 32 mug cefazolin per millilitre. isolates from the genitourinary tract were significantly more resistant than those from the respiratory tract. | 1977 | 832585 |
| synthesis and biological activity of some new furan quaternary salts. | a series of new n-(5-substituted 2-furfuryl)-n,n-dimethyl-n-aryloxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salts relating to general structure iv has been synthesized by reacting 5-substituted 2-(n,n-dimethylaminomethyl)furans iia-d with appropriate aryloxyalkyl bromides iii. the resulting compounds are tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity. a simpler synthesis of 5-nitro-2-(n,n-dimethylaminomethyl)furan (iid) involving the reduction of n,n-dimethyl-5-nitro-2-furamide (ib) with diborane is described. a n ... | 1977 | 833814 |
| osteomyelitis as a complication of umbilical artery catheterization. | a retrospective study of 400 infants requiring umbilical artery catheterization performed from 1969 to 1971 at indiana university medical center and marion county general hospital disclosed six cases of associated osteomyelitis. a similar review of approximately 550 cases of umbilical artery catheterization at harbor general hospital from 1972 to 1974 revealed an additional case. the causative organism was staphylococcus aureus in each instance. mean onset of symptoms following catheter removal ... | 1977 | 835528 |
| antimicrobial activity in vitro of netilmicin and comparison with sisomicin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. | the antimicrobial activity of netilmicin, a new semisynthetic aminoglycosidic aminocyclitol, was determined against 123 recent gram-negative clinical isolates susceptible to gentamicin and 60 isolates resistant to either sisomicin, gentamicin, or tobramycin. the minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations of netilmicin, sisomicin, gentamicin, and tobramycin against pseudomonas, escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus mirabilis, and indole-positive proteu ... | 1977 | 836009 |
| laboratory evaluation of fr10024 a new cephalosporin derivative. | fr10024 is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. the in vitro antibacterial activity of fr10024 against clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and proteus mirabilis is greater than that of any of the cephalosporins developed to date. indole-positive proteus, enterobacter, and citrobacter are resistant to fr10024, as is true for the other cephalosporins. however, more than half of the strains of enterobacter and citrobacter tested were susceptible to fr10024 a ... | 1977 | 836014 |
| mezlocillin: in vitro studies of a new broad-spectrum penicillin. | mezlocillin is a new semisynthetic penicillin that inhibited 71% of the isolates of serratia marcescens, 67% of escherichia coli, 50% of enterobacter spp., and 49% of klebsiella spp. at a concentration of 12.5 mug/ml. it is also active against both indole-positive and -negative proteus spp. and gram-positive cocci, except penicillin g-resistant staphylococcus aureus. at a concentration of 100 mug/ml, it inhibited 94% of the isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa. it is more active than ampicillin, c ... | 1977 | 836016 |
| aerobic microbial flora of intertrigenous skin. | the incidence and density of intertrigenous microflora were determined in subjects using nonmedicated soap. the axilla, groin, toe web, and finger web were examined. the incidence of gram-negative rods was 17% for the axilla, 13% for the groin, 10% for the toe web, and 9% for the finger web. klebsiella, proteus, and enterobacter were the predominant organisms, in that order. the highest incidence of staphylococcus aureus was in the groin (12%) and toe web (11%). lipophilic diphtheroids were the ... | 1977 | 836026 |
| environmental air and airborne infections. | the results of a study on the epidemiology of airborne (aerobic) surgical infections are presented. the first phase of the study was carried out in a surgical suite which contained no environmental or traffic control systems. the second phase of the study took place within a modern "up to date" operating room suite containing multiple air screens as well as an elaborate ventilation system utilizing hepa type filters which provided the operating room with clinically sterile air. one hundred and f ... | 1977 | 836095 |
| [cefazolin content in the gall bladder (author's transl)]. | the concentration of cefazolin in the bile obtained by means of duodenoscopy was determined and compared with the values published as results of sampling by gall bladder puncture and t drains. the results obtained using this endoscopic procedure accorded with the results in the literature. when 1 g cefazolin was administered intravenously, high biliary levels of this drug with antibacterial activity were achieved. our preliminary studies show that not only highly-sensitive gram-positive organism ... | 1977 | 836611 |
| [therapy of herpes zoster through active premunization. 2. treatment of zoster patients, results of experimental and clinical studies, treatment results]. | a brief review of the previous and generally inadequate methods for the treatment of herpes zoster is presented. the concept of "active premunization" by appropriate inducer to provide an objective treatment is defined. a "premunization inducer" (pind) based on a particular non-infectious preparation of an avian pox ("avipox") virus has been shown to enhance non-specific defence mechanisms in the host by t-cell stimulation and to inhibit virus proliferation by the induction of interferon. the ... | 1977 | 838422 |
| canine urolithiasis: retrospective analysis of 438 cases. | in a retrospective analysis of 438 cases of canine urolithiasis, a total of 561 urolithic episodes were found to have occurred in a 6 1/2-year period. the hospital incidence of urolithiasis during that period, defined as the proportion of dogs hospitalized with urolithiasis to the total number of dogs hospitalized, was 2.8%. the major chemical component of the calculus in 307 dogs was phosphate; in 95 dogs, cystine; in 21 dogs, urate; in 12 dogs, oxalate; and in 3 dogs, carbonate. the miniature ... | 1977 | 838615 |
| [the antibacterial efficacy of various antibiotics and chemotherapeutical agents (author's transl)]. | sensitivity tests of 5753 organisms (streptococci, klebsiella, escherichia coli, enterococci, pyocyaneus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus group and staphylococci) against sulphonamide, nitrofurantoin, ampicillin, gentamicin, cephalosporin, and chloramphenicol are reported, with special consideration of doxycycline, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole. the samples were broken down in accordance with the respective sources. the particularly high resistance quota of co-trimoxazole was striking. the sens ... | 1977 | 840098 |
| iatrogenic klebsiella meningitis following closed needle biopsy of the lumbar spine. report of a case and review of literature. | | 1977 | 842042 |
| structural studies of klebsiella capsular polysaccharides by using natural-abundance carbon-13 n.m.r. spectroscopy. | | 1977 | 844054 |
| intracellular crystalline deposits by bacteria grown in urine from a stone former. | several species of bacteria were found to form an intracellular crystalline material when grown in urine obtained from a subject with a history of infrequent renal calculi formation. the following species: proteus mirabilis, proteus rettgeri, providencia stuartii, enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, and candida albicans formed crystals of hydroxyapatite. klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and proteus vulgaris produced crystals of calcite -ii. several of th ... | 1977 | 844994 |
| a new method for antibiotic assay based on measurement of bacterial adenosine triphosphate using the firefly bioluminescence system. | | 1977 | 845103 |
| hospital-acquired bacterial meningitis in neurosurgical patients. | the authors review 23 cases of hospital-acquired meningitis occurring over a 15 year period in neurosurgical patients. factors associated with the development of meningitis include recent craniotomy, cerebrospinal fluid leak, the presence of ventricular or lumbar drainage tubes, and skull fracture. four cases were caused by staphylococcus epidermidis; one of these patients died. in 19 cases, gram-negative enteric bacteria were the etiologic agents, most commonly members of the klebsiella-enterob ... | 1977 | 845632 |
| wound infection. acute versus chronic cholecystitis. | wound infection in 239 patients who underwent cholecystectomy were analyzed retrospectively. seventeen per cent of the patients with acute cholecystitis had wound infection compared with 8.9 per cent of patients with chronic cholecystitis. bacteriology of wound infections revealed staphylococcus aureus in 76.4 per cent of the chronic cholecystitis group and in 12.5 per cent of the acute cholecystitis group. wound infection in the acute cholecystitis group involved gram-negative rods predominantl ... | 1977 | 848657 |
| emergence of gentamicin-resistant klebsiella in a general hospital. | gentamicin had been in use in a general hospital for over 7 years before any gentamicin-resistant klebsiella were observed. in 1974 and 1975, nine different gentamicin-resistant serobiotypes of klebsiella were isolated from 35 patients. the first strain to appear had r-factor-mediated gentamicin resistance, and it infected 19 patients during a period of almost 2 years, spreading largely by case-to-case infection in patients with urinary catheters. it appeared to lose the capacity to transfer its ... | 1977 | 848921 |
| empiric treatment with clindamycin and gentamicin of suspected sepsis due to anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. | clindamycin and gentamicin were used in combination to treat 107 patients empirically for suspected aerobic-anaerobic sepsis. all patients were seriously ill and required initiation of treatment before results of cultures could be obtained. infections included intraabdominal sepsis, hospital-acquired aspiration pneumonia, and soft tissue infections. exudate cultured from 65 patients showed that the prediction of a mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora was correct in 46 patients (71%). isolates from exud ... | 1977 | 850096 |
| fosfomycin in chronic urinary infections. | fosfomycin has been used on 40 patients with serious urinary infections of different clinical nature, and produced by repetitive infection (prostatisms, carcinomas, lithiasis, hydronephrosis, etc.) the following were isolated in the urocultures: e. coli (60%), klebsiella (15%), p. aeruginosa (15.0%), proteus sp. (15.0%), staphylococcus (5%), s. faecalis (2.5%) and paracolobactrum coliforme (2.5%). all the germs isolated before treatment were sensitive to fosfomycin. the results, as regards respo ... | 1977 | 851501 |
| klebsiella serotype 25 capsular polysaccharide: primary structure and depolymerization by a bacteriophage-borne glycanase. | by partial acid hydrolysis, methylation and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of the methylated monomers (as the alditol acetates), mass spectrometry of trimethylsilylated disaccharide alditols, as well as proton magnetic resonance, the primary structure of the klebsiella serotype 25 capsular polysaccharide was elucidated. a glycanase activity, associated with the particles of newly isolated klebsiella bacteriophage no. 25, was shown to catalyze the hydrolysis of the glycan. | 1977 | 853030 |
| genetic control of arylsulfatase synthesis in klebsiella aerogenes. | it was shown that at least four genes are specifically responsible for arylsulfatase synthesis in klebsiella aerogenes. mutations at chromosome site atsa result in enzymatically inactive arylsulfatase. mutants showing constitutive synthesis of arylsulfatase (atsr) were isolated by using inorganic sulfate or cysteine as the sulfur source. another mutation in which repression of arylsulfatase by inorganic sulfate or cysteine could not be relieved by tyramine was determined by genetic analysis to b ... | 1977 | 853036 |
| bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of selected beta-lactam antibiotics studied on agar plates. | a novel and time-saving method for assessing bactericidal activities of beta-lactam antibiotics on agar plates is described. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined by the agar dilution method. a potent beta-lactamase solution was sprayed onto the plates to inactivate the antibiotic. after further incubation at 37 degrees c overnight, the minimal concentration at which no visible growth occurred on the plates was defined as minimal bactericidal concentration (mbc). with undilute ... | 1977 | 855996 |
| solitary hepatic abscess in a newborn infant: a sequel of umbilical vein catheterization and infusion of hypertonic glucose solutions. | | 1977 | 862293 |
| inheritance of lipopolysaccharide-enhanced nonspecific resistance to infection and of susceptibility to endotoxic shock in lipopolysaccharide low-responder mice. | in a previous study, we demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (lps) and other bacterial immunostimulants, in contrast to their activity in a closely related high-responder subline, failed to elicit nonspecific resistance in lps low-responder mice against klebsiella pneumoniae infection. to investigate the type of inheritance controlling the lps-induced nonspecific resistance to infection, the present study was performed in low- and high-responder c3h sublines and in f1 and f2 hybrids. in addition ... | 1977 | 863509 |
| penetration of tobramycin into infected extravascular fluids and its therapeutic effectiveness. | the aminoglycoside antibiotic tobramycin was given intramuscularly to 15 patients with infected body fluids (empyema in five patients, peritonitis in five, peritonitis and empyema in one, tracheobronchitis in three, and infection of the pacemaker pocket in one). the infecting bacteria included pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, escherichia coli, proteus species, and staphylococcus aureus. the mean dose of tobramycin was 1.7 mg/kg given intramuscularly every 8 hr for nine ... | 1977 | 864291 |
| growth of klebsiella aerogenes on xylitol: implications for bacterial enzyme evolution. | when klebsiella aerogenes was grown in continuous culture with xylitol. an unnatural pentitol, as the growth limiting substrate, the structural gene which codes for ribitol dehydrogenase, an enzyme which gratuitously catalyzes the oxidation of xylitol to d-xylulose, was duplicated. it appears that the duplication mechansim only duplicates the gene which is subjected to selective pressure and not any of the other closely linked genes. the degree to which the ribitol dehydrogenase gene is duplicat ... | 1977 | 864722 |
| [catechol biosynthesis by klebsiella aerogenes bacteria]. | | 1977 | 865322 |
| [frequency and drug sensitivity of "klebsiella oxytoca" in human clinical material (author's transl)]. | 962 klebsiella strains were isolated from a total of 15422 clinical samples. 782 of these were characterized as the species klebsiella pneumoniae, 170 as "klebsiella oxytoca" and 10 as klebsiella ozaenae. 95 of the klebsiella oxytoca strains originated from samples of the respiratory tract, 13 from purulent materials, 1 from blood and 61 from urine samples. among further biochemical criteria indole formation, lacking gas formation at 45 degrees c in lactose peptone water medium and delayed gelat ... | 1977 | 865383 |
| [treatment of chronic malodorous atrophic ozena with ozena-vaccine]. | | 1977 | 865837 |
| [bacteriuria. bacteriological diagnosis and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents]. | in a brief introduction, methods for collecting urine and diagnosis criteria are reviewed. data relative to a study of about 10,000 samples of urine from patients admitted to various departments of the milan ca' granda hospital in 1975 are then reported. the frequencies of the various species of bacteria isolated in cases of bacteriuria are reported. those occurring most frequently were proteus (40.7%) of whose four species, proteus mirabilis and proteus rettgeri cover almost all cases, and esch ... | 1977 | 869699 |
| bacteremia and fungemia complicating neoplastic disease. a study of 364 cases. | during a 14 month period there were 364 episodes of bacteremia and fungemia at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center. the first nine months of the study were retrospective, and the next five prospective. in patients with leukemia or lymphoma (group 1), escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus were the most frequently isolated organisms. the mortality in this group was 40.5 per cent. in the patients with solid tumor (group 2), esch. coli, staph. a ... | 1977 | 871128 |
| [massive pulmonary hemorrhage in surgical pathology of the newborn infant]. | massive pulmonary hemorrhage is a complication which frequently leads to death in newborns with conditions susceptible to surgical treatment. out of 112 postmortem studies, focal hemorrhage was found in 38 (33.9%) and massive in 34 cases (30.3%). in this series, congenital anomalies were found in digestive tract in 70.5% of the patients. prematurity andlow weight were not important factors as was hypoxia, which was evident in 70.5% of the cases. manifestations of respiratory insufficiency, shock ... | 1977 | 871335 |
| serum gentamicin assays of 100 clinical serum samples by a rapid 40 degrees c. klebsiella method compared with overnight plate diffusion and acetyltransferase assays. | we have compared the results of gentamicin assay of 100 clinical serum samples by a rapid 40 degrees c plate diffusion method, an overnight plate assay at 37 degrees c, and radioactive acetyltransferase methods. the results of assay obtained by both plate diffusion methods agreed closely. there was excellent correlation between the results of acetyltransferase and plate assays provided that human serum gentamicin standards were used for the acetyltransferase assay and turbid sera were excluded. ... | 1977 | 874108 |