| tumour-like presentations of anogenital herpes simplex in hiv-positive patients. | genital and perianal ulcers seen in patients with hiv are commonly due to herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. while it is well known that the characteristic presentation of hsv is a vesicular rash or crops of erosions, the clinical presentation of genital hsv infection in hiv is varied and can assume vegetative, hypertrophic, condyloma-like, nodular, ulcerative and tumour-like nodules or plaques. these unusual presentations often lead to a delayed diagnosis. we describe five immunocompromised ... | 2011 | 21515747 |
| herpes simplex virus hepatitis in infants: clinical outcomes and correlates of disease severity. | objective: to better characterize the clinical outcomes of infants with herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection and identify useful correlates of disease severity. study design: infants aged ≤6 months with hsv infection treated between 1999 and 2009 were identified. in patients with concurrent hepatitis, laboratory and clinical variables were examined to identify predictors of specific outcomes, including death or the need for liver transplantation and the need for intensive care. results: of the 1 ... | 2011 | 21529822 |
| evaluation of glycoprotein b genotypes and load of cmv infecting blood leukocytes on prognosis of aids patients. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) remains an important pathogen to immunocompromised patients even in the era of haart. the present study aimed at evaluating the influence of cmv viral load and its gb genotypes on aids patients' outcome. | 2011 | 21537755 |
| wrestling and herpetic esophagitis. | herpes simplex virus esophagitis has rarely been reported in immunocompetent children. we describe 2 immunocompetent wrestlers on the same team who presented with fever, odynophagia, and dysphagia. histologic examination of the esophagus showed ulceration and exudate, herpes simplex virus was detected by polymerase chain reaction. we propose that wrestling may be a mode of transmission for this disease. | 2011 | 21544004 |
| modulation of human {beta}-defensin-1 (hbd-1) in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdc), monocytes, and epithelial cells by influenza virus, herpes simplex virus, and sendai virus and its possible role in innate immunity. | hbd comprise a family of antimicrobial peptides that plays a role in bridging the innate and adaptive immune responses to infection. the expression of hbd-2 increases upon stimulation of numerous cell types with lps and proinflammatory cytokines. in contrast, hbd-1 remains constitutively expressed in most cells in spite of cytokine or lps stimulation; however, its presence in human pdc suggests it plays a role in viral host defense. to examine this, we characterized the expression of hbd-1 in in ... | 2011 | 21551252 |
| new prodrugs of adefovir and cidofovir. | new adefovir (pmea) prodrugs with a pro-moiety consisting of decyl or decyloxyethyl chain bearing hydroxyl function(s), hexaethyleneglycol or a (5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl)methyl unit were prepared starting from the tetrabutylammonium salt of the phosphonate drug and an appropriate alkyl bromide or tosylate. analogously, two esters of cidofovir [(s)-hpmpc] bearing a hexaethyleneglycol moiety were prepared. the activity of the prodrugs was evaluated in vitro against different virus families ... | 2011 | 21565516 |
| chronic virus infections supress atopy but not asthma in a set of children from a large latin american city: a cross-section study. | abstract: background: the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased over recent decades in affluent countries, but remains low in rural populations and some non-affluent countries. an explanation for these trends is that increased exposure to infections may provide protection against the development of allergy. in this work we investigated the association between exposure to viral infections in children living in urban brazil and the prevalence of atopy and asthma. methods: school age childr ... | 2011 | 21569568 |
| activation of endothelial roundabout receptor 4 reduces the severity of virus-induced keratitis. | antiangiogenic molecules exert a feedback control to restrain pathological angiogenesis, which includes physical binding or inhibition of angiogenic signaling in blood vessel endothelial cells. the latter is the case in which slit2 ligand-dependent activation of the blood vessel endothelial cell receptor roundabout 4 (robo4) occurs. in this study, we demonstrate that robo4 receptors are upregulated following hsv infection of the eye on the majority of the new blood vessel endothelial cells that ... | 2011 | 21572022 |
| co-expression of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and escherichia coli nitroreductase by an htert-driven adenovirus vector in breast cancer cells results in additive anti-tumor effects. | breast cancers especially in the late and metastatic stages remain refractory to treatment despite advances in surgical techniques and chemotherapy. tumor-specific promoter-directed suicide gene therapy and adenoviral technology can be promising strategies for such advanced disease. previous studies suggested that combining herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) and ganciclovir (gcv) with escherichia coli nitroreductase (coli.ntr) and 5-(azaridin-1-yl)-2, 4-dinitrobenzamide (cb1954) by a ... | 2011 | 21573500 |
| cancer screening by systemic administration of a gene delivery vector encoding tumor-selective secretable biomarker expression. | cancer biomarkers facilitate screening and early detection but are known for only a few cancer types. we demonstrated the principle of inducing tumors to secrete a serum biomarker using a systemically administered gene delivery vector that targets tumors for selective expression of an engineered cassette. we exploited tumor-selective replication of a conditionally replicative herpes simplex virus (hsv) combined with a replication-dependent late viral promoter to achieve tumor-selective biomarker ... | 2011 | 21589655 |
| introduction to viral vectors. | viral vector is the most effective means of gene transfer to modify specific cell type or tissue and can be manipulated to express therapeutic genes. several virus types are currently being investigated for use to deliver genes to cells to provide either transient or permanent transgene expression. these include adenoviruses (ads), retroviruses (γ-retroviruses and lentiviruses), poxviruses, adeno-associated viruses, baculoviruses, and herpes simplex viruses. the choice of virus for routine clini ... | 2011 | 21590391 |
| glycoprotein b vaccine is capable of boosting both antibody and cd4 t-cell responses to cytomegalovirus in chronically infected women. | (see the editorial commentary by schleiss, on pages 1513-6.) traditionally, vaccines have been utilized to generate immune responses to a pathogen in a naive population. in the setting of congenital cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection, a vaccine that, when administered to women already infected with cmv, could boost the mother's immunity to cmv would most likely be beneficial in diminishing in utero transmission of cmv. however, the ability to boost an immune response in a population of individuals ... | 2011 | 21592981 |
| notoginsenoside st-4 inhibits virus penetration of herpes simplex virus in vitro. | further study on steam-treated notoginseng, the roots of panax notoginseng (burk.) f.h. chen (araliaceae), which is a famous traditional chinese medicine that is used both in raw and treated forms for a long time, led to the isolation of a new dammarane-type saponin, namely notoginsenoside st-4. its structure was elucidated to be 3β,12β,20(s)-tri-hydroxydammar-24-ene-3-o-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glu-copyranoside, based on the detailed analyses of the 1d and 2d nmr ... | 2011 | 21623512 |
| hiv-1 infection impairs hsv-specific cd4+ and cd8+ t cell response by reducing th1 cytokines and ccr5 ligand secretion. | background:: the concept of hiv-1/hsv negative immuno-synergy has recently come to light, which leads us to explore the impact of hiv-1 infection on hsv-specific t cell immunity. methods:: a combination of interferon (ifn)-γ-elispot and luminex-based multi-cytokine profiling assays was used to compare, in a cross-sectional study, the hsv-specific cd4 and cd8 t cell responses between 20 hiv-1/hsv co-infected and 12 hiv-1-uninfected/hsv-infected individuals following in vitro re-stimulation with h ... | 2011 | 21646911 |
| herpes simplex virus 1 glycoprotein b and us3 collaborate to inhibit cd1d antigen presentation and nkt cell function. | herpes simplex viruses (hsvs) are prevalent human pathogens that establish latency in human neuronal cells and efficiently evade the immune system. it has been a major medical challenge to eradicate them and, despite intensive efforts, an effective vaccine is not available. we previously showed that upon infection of antigen-presenting cells, hsv type 1 (hsv-1) rapidly and efficiently downregulates the major histocompatibility complex class i-like antigen-presenting molecule, cd1d, and potently ... | 2011 | 21653669 |
| diagnostic consequences of cytomegalovirus glycoprotein b polymorphisms. | failure of a cytomegalovirus (cmv) real-time pcr assay targeting glycoprotein b (gb) was investigated. a multiplex assay targeting gb and immediate-early 2 (ie2) genes showed discordant results (gb negative and ie positive or a >10-fold-higher viral load with ie primers) in saliva from 14.6% of cmv-infected newborns. sequencing revealed 3 patterns of gb variations. | 2011 | 21653769 |
| concurrent detection of herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses by polymerase chain reaction from the same anatomic location. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) may cause latent infection of the same peripheral nerve ganglia. however, there are no large studies addressing the frequency of concurrent hsv/vzv pcr positivity from the same anatomic location. in an eight-year retrospective study, we observed 1.3% dual positivity from dermal, genital, and oral mucosal sources. | 2011 | 21658875 |
| diagnosis and quantitative detection of hsv dna in samples from patients with suspected herpes simplex encephalitis. | diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis (hse) is based on the detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna in patients' csf samples. hsv dna quantitation has the potential for estimating the effects of antiviral therapy. the aim of this study was to diagnose hsv dna in hse suspected patients and the quantitative analysis of its genome using real-time pcr to assess the value of the viral load in the course of antiviral treatment. the csf samples were collected from 236 consecutive hse suspected p ... | 2011 | 21670919 |
| tumor vascular targeted delivery of polymer-conjugated adenovirus vector for cancer gene therapy. | previously, we generated a cancer-specific gene therapy system using adenovirus vectors (adv) conjugated to polyethylene glycol (adv-peg). here, we developed a novel adv that targets both tumor tissues and tumor vasculatures after systemic administration by conjugating cgkrk tumor vasculature homing peptide to the end of a 20-kda peg chain (adv-peg(cgkrk)). in a primary tumor model, systemic administration of adv-peg(cgkrk) resulted in ~500- and 100-fold higher transgene expression in tumor than ... | 2011 | 21673661 |
| infection with cytomegalovirus but not herpes simplex virus induces the accumulation of late differentiated cd4+ and cd8+ t-cells in humans. | human cytomegalovirus (cmv) establishes persistent, usually asymptomatic, infections in healthy people. because cmv infection is associated with the presence of lower proportions of peripheral naive cd8+ t cells and a higher fraction of late-differentiated cd8+ cells, commonly taken as biomarkers of age-associated compromised adaptive immunity ("immunosenescence"), we asked whether chronic exposure to any persistent virus mediates these effects. herpes simplex virus (hsv) is also a widespread he ... | 2011 | 21813708 |
| low ph-dependent changes in the conformation and oligomeric state of the pre-fusion form of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein b are separable from fusion activity. | the cellular requirements for activation of herpesvirus fusion and entry remain poorly understood. low ph triggers change in the antigenic reactivity of the pre-fusion form of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) fusion protein gb in virions, both in vitro and during viral entry via endocytosis (dollery et al., j. virol. 84:3759-3766, 2010). however, the mechanism and magnitude of gb conformational change are not clear. here we show that the conformation and oligomeric state of gb with mutations in th ... | 2011 | 21813610 |
| lipid composition modulates the interaction of peptides deriving from herpes simplex virus type i glycoproteins b and h with biomembranes. | lipid membranes play a key role in the viral life cycle. enveloped viruses particularly require a sequence of fusion and fission events between the viral envelope and the target membranes for entry into the cell and egress from it. these processes are controlled by one or more viral glycoproteins that undergo conformational changes favoring the necessary micro- and mesoscopic lipid re-arrangements. multiple regions from these glycoproteins are thought to interact with the membranes, according to ... | 2011 | 21798233 |
| viral kinetics of genital herpes: a molecular probe into host-viral interactions. | | 2011 | 21791649 |
| marine organisms as a therapeutic source against herpes simplex virus infection. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) is a member of the herpesviridae family that causes general communicable infections in human populations throughout the world, the most common being genital and orolabial disease. the current treatments for hsv infections are nucleoside analogs such as acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir. despite the safety and efficacy, extensive clinical use of these drugs has led to the emergence of resistant viral strains, mainly in immunocompromised patients. to counteract the ... | 2011 | 21782018 |
| sumo pathway dependent recruitment of cellular repressors to herpes simplex virus type 1 genomes. | components of promyelocytic leukaemia (pml) nuclear bodies (nd10) are recruited to sites associated with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genomes soon after they enter the nucleus. this cellular response is linked to intrinsic antiviral resistance and is counteracted by viral regulatory protein icp0. we report that the sumo interaction motifs of pml, sp100 and hdaxx are required for recruitment of these repressive proteins to hsv-1 induced foci, which also contain sumo conjugates and pias2ß, ... | 2011 | 21779164 |
| role of il-17 and th17 cells in herpes simplex virus-induced corneal immunopathology. | hsv-1 infection of the cornea leads to a blinding immunoinflammatory lesion of the eye termed stromal keratitis (sk). recently, il-17-producing cd4(+) t cells (th17 cells) were shown to play a prominent role in many autoimmune conditions, but the role of il-17 and/or of th17 cells in virus immunopathology is unclear. in this study, we show that, after hsv infection of the cornea, il-17 is upregulated in a biphasic manner with an initial peak production around day 2 postinfection and a second wav ... | 2011 | 21765013 |
| b family dna polymerases asymmetrically recognize pyrimidines and purines. | we utilized a series of pyrimidine analogues modified at o(2), n-3, and n(4)/o(4) to determine if two b family dna polymerases, human dna polymerase a and herpes simplex virus i dna polymerase, choose whether to polymerize pyrimidine dntps using the same mechanisms they use for purine dntps. removing o(2) of a pyrimidine dntp vastly decreased the level of incorporation by these enzymes and also compromised fidelity in the case of c analogues, while removing o(2) from the templating base had more ... | 2011 | 21761848 |
| acyclic nucleoside phosphonates with a branched 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl chain: efficient synthesis and antiviral activity. | series of novel acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (anps) with various nucleobases and 2-(2-phosphonoethoxy)ethyl (pee) chain bearing various substituents in ß-position to the phosphonate moiety were prepared. the influence of structural alternations on antiviral activity was studied. several derivatives exhibit antiviral activity against hiv and vaccinia virus (middle micromolar range), hsv-1 and hsv-2 (lower micromolar range) and vzv and cmv (nanomolar range), although the parent unbranched pee-a ... | 2011 | 21745746 |
| different patterns of peripheral migration by memory cd4+ and cd8+ t cells. | infections localized to peripheral tissues such as the skin result in the priming of t-cell responses that act to control pathogens. activated t cells undergo migrational imprinting within the draining lymph nodes, resulting in memory t cells that provide local and systemic protection. combinations of migrating and resident memory t cells have been implicated in long-term peripheral immunity, especially at the surfaces that form pathogen entry points into the body. however, t-cell immunity consi ... | 2011 | 21841802 |
| herpes simplex virus-induced epithelial damage and susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in human cervical organ culture. | normal human premenopausal cervical tissue has been used to derive primary cell populations and to establish ex vivo organ culture systems to study infections with herpes simplex virus (hsv-1 or hsv-2) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). infection with either hsv-1 or hsv-2 rapidly induced multinuclear giant cell formation and widespread damage in mucosal epithelial cells. subsequent exposure of the damaged mucosal surfaces to hiv-1 revealed frequent co-localization of hsv and hiv-1 ... | 2011 | 21818356 |
| immunology and microbiology devices; reclassification of the herpes simplex virus serological assay device. final rule. | the food and drug administration (fda) is amending the special controls for the herpes simplex virus (hsv) serological assay device type, which is classified as class ii (special controls). these device types are devices that consist of antigens and antisera used in various serological tests to identify antibodies to herpes simplex virus in serum, and the devices that consist of herpes simplex virus antisera conjugated with a fluorescent dye (immunofluorescent assays) used to identify herpes sim ... | 2011 | 21826824 |
| inhibition of multiplication of herpes simplex virus by caffeic acid. | hot water extracts of coffee grinds and commercial instant coffee solutions have been shown to exhibit marked antiviral and virucidal activities against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). specifically, it has been shown that caffeine and n-methyl-pyridinium formate inhibit the multiplication of hsv-1 in hep-2 cells. the present study examined the virological properties and the antiviral activity of caffeic acid against hsv-1. caffeic acid inhibited the multiplication of hsv-1 in vitro, while c ... | 2011 | 21725588 |
| study of antiviral and virucidal activities of aqueous extract of baccharis articulata against herpes suis virus. | baccharis articulata is native of am+®rica and traditionally used for the treatment of digestive disorders and urinary infections. cytotoxicity of aqueous extracts of b. articulata was investigated in vero cells. as the maximal non cytotoxic concentration has been established, this concentration has been used to evaluate antiviral and virucidal activities against herpes suis virus type 1, member of the same subfamily of herpes simplex virus. aqueous extracts of b. articulata exhibited more than ... | 2011 | 21834241 |
| erythema multiforme photoinduced by paroxetine and herpes simplex virus. | erythema multiforme (em) is a self-limited skin disease, characterized by the abrupt onset of symmetric red papules that may evolve into target lesions often precipitated by an infection. photosensitive erythema multiforme (pem) is a rare disorder characterized by the distribution of the lesions on sun-exposed areas. it has been described at the sites of sunburn, following episodes of polymorphic light eruption or herpes labialis and in association with drugs. to our knowledge, pem photoinduced ... | 2011 | 21729172 |
| unified immune modulation by 4-1bb triggering leads to diverse effects on disease progression in vivo. | 4-1bb (cd137) is a powerful t-cell costimulatory molecule in the treatment of virus infections and tumors, but recent studies have also uncovered regulatory functions of 4-1bb signaling. since 4-1bb triggering suppresses autoimmunity by accumulating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) in dendritic cells (dcs) in an interferon (ifn)-+¦-dependent manner, we asked whether similar molecular and cellular changes were induced by 4-1bb triggering in virus-infected mice. 4-1bb triggering increased ifn-+¦ ... | 2011 | 21700476 |
| [lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense in patients with severe herpetic infection]. | lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense were studied in 42 patients with severe herpetic infection. the higher plasma and red blood cell levels of intermediate (trienic conjugates) and end (schiff's bases) lipid peroxidation products were revealed during remission and disease recurrences. at the same time, there were increases in the content of ceruloplasmin in the plasma and in that of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the red blood cells. in the patients with herpetic infection, there we ... | 2011 | 21735673 |
| cancer suicide gene therapy with tk.007: superior killing efficiency and bystander effect. | suicide gene therapy is a promising concept in oncology. we have recently introduced a novel suicide gene, tk.007, which was shown to excel established herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsvtk) variants when used for donor-lymphocyte modification in adoptive immunotherapy models. here, the potential of tk.007 in killing cancer cells was studied. initially, we transduced tumour cell lines derived from different neoplasias (glioblastoma, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer) with lentiviral leg ... | 2011 | 21698427 |
| radiochemotherapy of hepatocarcinoma via lentivirus-mediated transfer of human sodium iodide symporter gene and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene. | herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) gene/ganciclovir (gcv) system has been widely used as a traditional gene therapy modality, and the sodium/iodide symporter gene (nis) has been found to be a novel therapeutic gene. since the therapeutic effects of radioiodine therapy or prodrug chemotherapy on cancers following nis or hsv-tk gene transfer need to be enhanced, this study was designed to investigate the feasibility of radiochemotherapy for hepatocarcinoma via coexpression of nis gene ... | 2011 | 21718951 |
| nemo is a key component of nf-+¦b- and irf-3-dependent tlr3-mediated immunity to herpes simplex virus. | children with germline mutations in toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3), unc93b1, tnf receptor-associated factor 3,-áand signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 are prone to herpes simplex virus-1 encephalitis, owing to impaired tlr3-triggered, unc-93b-dependent, ifn-+¦/+¦, and/or ifn-++-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-dependent immunity. | 2011 | 21722947 |
| atopic dermatitis: a disease of altered skin barrier and immune dysregulation. | atopic dermatitis (ad) is an important chronic or relapsing inflammatory skin disease that often precedes asthma and allergic disorders. new insights into the genetics and pathophysiology of ad point to an important role of structural abnormalities in the epidermis as well as immune dysregulation not only for this skin disease but also for the development of asthma and allergies. patients with ad have a unique predisposition to colonization or infection by microbial organisms, most notably staph ... | 2011 | 21682749 |
| b cell repertoire analysis identifies new antigenic domains on glycoprotein b of human cytomegalovirus which are target of neutralizing antibodies. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), a herpesvirus, is a ubiquitously distributed pathogen that causes severe disease in immunosuppressed patients and infected newborns. efforts are underway to prepare effective subunit vaccines and therapies including antiviral antibodies. however, current vaccine efforts are hampered by the lack of information on protective immune responses against hcmv. characterizing the b-cell response in healthy infected individuals could aid in the design of optimal vaccines and ... | 2011 | 21852946 |
| Herpes simplex ulcerative esophagitis in healthy children. | Herpes simplex virus is a common cause of ulcerative esophagitis in the immunocompromised or debilitated host. Despite a high prevalence of primary and recurrent Herpes simplex virus infection in the general population, Herpes simplex virus esophagitis (HSVE) appears to be rare in the immunocompetent host. We report three cases of endoscopically-diagnosed HSVE in apparently immunocompetent children; the presentation was characterized by acute onset of fever, odynophagia, and dysphagia. In two ca ... | 2011 | 21912064 |
| [Detection the serum IgM and IgG specific for TORCH in 1307 women in the period of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy]. | The objective is to obtain the information of women in the period of prepregnancy and pregnancy infected by TORCH (Toxoplasma, Rabella Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes Simplex Virus) in Kunming for preventing fetus from infection by TORCH in uterus. | 2011 | 22097611 |
| unrepairable dna double-strand breaks initiate cytotoxicity with hsv-tk/ganciclovir. | the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) is the most widely used suicide gene in cancer gene therapy due to its superior anticancer activity with ganciclovir (gcv) compared with other hsv-tk substrates, such as 1-β-d-arabinofuranosyl thymine (arat). we have evaluated the role of dna damage as a mechanism for the superiority of gcv. using γ-h2ax foci as an indicator of dna damage, gcv induced ≥ sevenfold more foci than arat at similar cytotoxic concentrations. the number of foci decreas ... | 2011 | 21869826 |
| Timing of ganciclovir administration in glioma gene therapy using HSVtk gene-transduced mesenchymal stem cells. | An established C6 glioma was successfully treated with intratumoral injection of mesenchymal stem cells transduced with HSVtk gene (MSCtk) and systemic administration of ganciclovir (GCV). The best timing of GCV administration after the MSCtk implantation was studied. | 2011 | 21980039 |
| the virion host shutoff protein of herpes simplex virus 1 blocks the replication-independent activation of nf-κb in dendritic cells in the absence of type i interferon signaling. | immune evasion is a defining feature of the virus-host relationship. during infection, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) utilizes multiple proteins to manipulate the host immune response. in the present study, we investigated the mechanism by which the virion host shutoff (vhs) protein blocks the activation of dendritic cells (dcs). previously, we found that coinfection of wild-type hsv-1 with a panel of rna viruses resulted in a block to dc activation that was attributable to vhs. these obser ... | 2011 | 21937652 |
| all-trans retinoic acid enhances bystander effect of suicide-gene therapy against medulloblastomas. | in our previous study we evaluated the antitumor effect of herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase gene (hsv-tk) on human medulloblastomas (mbs) in a therapeutic delivery system using the immortalized neural stem cell (nsc) line c17.2. however, our findings indicated that the bystander effect between c17.2tk and daoy mb cells was weak compared to the bystander effect between nsctk and c6 glioma cells. gap junction intercellular communication (gjic) is the main mechanism mediating the bystander eff ... | 2011 | 21872643 |
| [cloning, expression, isolation and properties of thymidine kinase herpes simplex virus, strain l2]. | a thymidine kinase ul23 gene (ec 2.7.1.145) from an acyclovir-sensitive strain l2 of herpes simplex virus type 1 was cloned and expressed in e. coli. enzyme was purified by chromatography to a homogeneous state controlled by pag electrophoresis. the michaelis constants for the reactions with thymidine and an acyclovir were determined. it was found that enzyme phosphorilate some modified nucleosides such as d2t, d4t, d2c, 3tc, flt, bvdu, gcv. a comparison of the purified enzyme properties and pro ... | 2011 | 22096991 |
| [ul55 genotype diversity of cytomegalovirus strains isolated from newborns and infants hospitalized in southern poland]. | studies on cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infections more often draw attention to the differences in tropism, pathogenicity and virulence of the virus depending on its genotype. the aim of this study was to assess the individual gb genotypes which are encoded in ul55 region of hcmv genome in a population of newborns and infants from southern poland. genotypic analysis was carried out on 53 children (16 newborns and 37 neonates) with confirmed hcmv infection. the children were tested several times. a tot ... | 2011 | 22184940 |
| [Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B genotypes in congenitally infected neonates]. | To investigate human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein B (gB) genotypes and clinical features in neonates with congenital infections. | 2011 | 22097601 |
| herpes simplex virus reactivation and encephalitis after topectomy. | | 2011 | 21867861 |
| Bicistronic vector for combined expression of the HSVtk killer gene and cytokine GM-CSF gene in cancer cells. | | 2011 | 21928138 |
| immunology in the clinic review series; focus on host responses: t cell responses to herpes simplex viruses. | herpes virus infections are chronic and co-exist with acquired immune responses that generally prevent severe damage to the host, while allowing periodic shedding of virus and maintenance of its transmission in the community. herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) are typical in this regard and are representative of the viral subfamily alphaherpesvirinae, which has a tropism for neuronal and epithelial cells. this review will emphasize recent progress in decoding the physiologically ... | 2012 | 22132884 |
| Propagation of herpes simplex virus via pontine fiber in a case of brainstem encephalitis. | | 2011 | 21893380 |
| influence of galectin-9/tim-3 interaction on herpes simplex virus-1 latency. | after hsv-1 infection, cd8(+) t cells accumulate in the trigeminal ganglion (tg) and participate in the maintenance of latency. however, the mechanisms underlying intermittent virus reactivation are poorly understood. in this study, we demonstrate the role of an inhibitory interaction between t cell ig and mucin domain-containing molecule 3 (tim-3)-expressing cd8(+) t cells and galectin 9 (gal-9) that could influence hsv-1 latency and reactivation. accordingly, we show that most k(b)-gb tetramer ... | 2011 | 22021615 |
| [impact of herpesvirus infections on the level of proinflammatory cytokines in premature neonatal infants]. | the aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of hsv and/or cmv among the pathogens causing intrauterine infections (iui) and to investigate their impact on the level of proinflammatory cytokines in premature neonatal infants. examinations were performed in 3 neonatal groups: 1) premature neonates with clinical manifestations of iui; 2) those without iui; 3) full-term newborns. in group 1, viral (hsv and/or cmv) and bacterial infections were detectable with the same frequency. quantitative ... | 2011 | 21899065 |
| herpes simplex virus encephalitis in a patient with complete tlr3 deficiency: tlr3 is otherwise redundant in protective immunity. | autosomal dominant tlr3 deficiency has been identified as a genetic etiology of childhood herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) encephalitis (hse). this defect is partial, as it results in impaired, but not abolished induction of ifn-β and -λ in fibroblasts in response to tlr3 stimulation. the apparently normal resistance of these patients to other infections, viral illnesses in particular, may thus result from residual tlr3 responses. we report here an autosomal recessive form of complete tlr3 deficie ... | 2011 | 21911422 |
| antibody-mediated targeted gene transfer of helper virus-free hsv-1 vectors to rat neocortical neurons that contain either nmda receptor 2b or 2a subunits. | because of the numerous types of neurons in the brain, and particularly the forebrain, neuron type-specific expression will benefit many potential applications of direct gene transfer. the two most promising approaches for achieving neuron type-specific expression are targeted gene transfer to a specific type of neuron and using a neuron type-specific promoter. we previously developed antibody-mediated targeted gene transfer with herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) vectors by modifying glycoprotein c ( ... | 2011 | 21885042 |
| the diagnostic value of intraocular fluid analysis by polymerase chain reaction in thai patients with uveitis. | uveitis is a major cause of severe visual impairment throughout the world and can be initiated by various infectious and non-infectious causes. early recognition of specific infections is important as the treatment with antimicrobial agents might stop the progression or even cure the eye disease. to determine the infectious causes of uveitis in thailand, intraocular fluid samples of 100 hiv-negative patients and 47 hiv-positive patients with uveitis were examined using real-time pcr analysis for ... | 2011 | 21943559 |
| slipping and sliding: frameshift mutations in herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and drug-resistance. | some of the most successful antiviral agents currently available are effective against herpes simplex virus. however, resistance to these drugs is frequently associated with significant morbidity, particularly in immunocompromised patients. in addition to the clinical implications of drug resistance, the range of biological processes exploited by the virus to attain resistance while maintaining pathogenicity is proving to be surprising. these mechanisms, which include ribosomal frameshifting, in ... | 2011 | 21940196 |
| tnf superfamily networks: bidirectional and interference pathways of the herpesvirus entry mediator (tnfsf14). | the herpesvirus entry mediator (hvem; tnfrsf14) can activate either proinflammatory or inhibitory signaling pathways. hvem engages two distinct types of ligands, the canonical tnf-related cytokines, light and lymphotoxin-α, and the ig-related membrane proteins, btla (b and t lymphocyte attenuator) and cd160. recent evidence indicates that the signal generated by hvem depends on the context of its ligands expressed in trans or in cis. hvem engagement by all of its ligands in trans initiates bidir ... | 2011 | 21920726 |
| improved retroviral suicide gene transfer in colon cancer cell lines after cell synchronization with methotrexate. | cancer gene therapy by retroviral vectors is mainly limited by the level of transduction. retroviral gene transfer requires target cell division. cell synchronization, obtained by drugs inducing a reversible inhibition of dna synthesis, could therefore be proposed to precondition target cells to retroviral gene transfer. we tested whether drug-mediated cell synchronization could enhance the transfer efficiency of a retroviral-mediated gene encoding herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) ... | 2011 | 21970612 |
| Neonatal herpes simplex virus. | Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in utero, the transmission frequently occurs during delivery. The disease may be disseminated, localized to the central nervous system, or involving skin, eye and/or mouth. Mortality rates markedly decreased with high-dose antiviral treatment. Diagnosis of neonatal infection is based on viral isolation from ulcerated vesicles or by scarifying mucocutaneous lesions. Recently ... | 2011 | 21942600 |