| gene therapy for bladder overactivity and nociception with herpes simplex virus vectors expressing preproenkephalin. | interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (ic/pbs) is a major challenge to treat. we studied the effect of targeted and localized expression of enkephalin in afferent nerves that innervate the bladder by gene transfer using replication-defective herpes simplex virus (hsv) vectors in a rat model of bladder hyperactivity and pain. replication-deficient hsv vectors encoding preproenkephalin, which is a precursor for met- and leu-enkephalin, or control vector encoding the lacz reporter gene, we ... | 2009 | 20377371 |
| comparison between turnaround time and cost of herpes simplex virus testing by cell culture and polymerase chain reaction from genital swabs. | clinical diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) (gh) infection is insensitive and non-specific and requires laboratory confirmation. in this study we compared viral culture and the amplification of hsv dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with respect to turnaround time and cost. we compared 182 swabs submitted to our laboratory between march and may 2005, which were tested using mrc-5 cell culture, with 168 genital swabs submitted during the same months in 2006, and were tested by pc ... | 2010 | 20378906 |
| transgenic ablation of doublecortin-expressing cells suppresses adult neurogenesis and worsens stroke outcome in mice. | injury stimulates neurogenesis in the adult brain, but the role of injury-induced neurogenesis in brain repair and recovery is uncertain. one strategy for investigating this issue is to ablate neuronal precursors and thereby prevent neurogenesis, but this is difficult to achieve in a specific fashion. we produced transgenic mice that express herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (tk) under control of the promoter for doublecortin (dcx), a microtubule-associated protein expressed in newborn and m ... | 2010 | 20385829 |
| in vivo reprogramming of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (htert) by trans-splicing ribozyme to target tumor cells. | our understanding of rna has evolved over the last 20 years from the initial concept that rna is simply an intermediate in protein synthesis or a structural component maintaining and expressing genetic information. subsequently, the non-coding rnas have attracted huge interest and have been developed as therapeutic reagents as well as research tools. an example of rna-based therapeutic application is the tetrahymena group i intron-based trans-splicing ribozyme, which cleaves target rna and trans ... | 2010 | 20387158 |
| synthetic radiation-inducible promoters mediated hsv-tk/gcv gene therapy in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. | to investigate the therapeutic effect of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) gene mediated by synthetic radiation-inducible promoters in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc) in vitro and in vivo. | 2010 | 20412454 |
| neurovirulence and latency of drug-resistant clinical herpes simplex viruses in animal models. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) resistance to acyclovir or foscarnet results from mutations in viral thymidine kinase (tk) and/or dna polymerase (pol) genes. replication kinetics and virulence of tk and/or dna pol clinical mutants were assessed using models of mouse encephalitis and cotton rat genital infection. replication capacities in vero cells of a dna pol altered strain (l850i) and a tk/dna pol mutant (c467deletion/a912v) were significantly lower than those of unrelated wild-type (wt) strains, ... | 2010 | 20419814 |
| delivery of rna interference triggers to sensory neurons in vivo using herpes simplex virus. | pain is a hugely important area of research attracting considerable academic and commercial interest. however, the application of rna interference (rnai) to the study of nociceptive processes and the development of new analgesics has been limited by the specific challenges associated with the delivery of rnai triggers to the cell bodies of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (drg). | 2010 | 20420517 |
| the virion host shutoff endonuclease (ul41) of herpes simplex virus interacts with the cellular cap-binding complex eif4f. | the herpes simplex virus vhs endonuclease degrades host and viral mrnas. isolated vhs cuts any rna at many sites. yet, within cells, it targets mrnas and cuts at preferred sites, including regions of translation initiation. previous studies have shown that vhs binds the translation factors eif4a and eif4h. here, we show that vhs binds the cap-binding complex eif4f. association with eif4f correlated with the ability of vhs to bind eif4a but not eif4h. all vhs proteins that degrade mrnas associate ... | 2010 | 20427534 |
| famciclovir: a focus on efficacy and safety. | famciclovir is the prodrug of penciclovir, a guanosine analogue that inhibits viruses of the alpha sub-family of the herpesviridae, as well as hepatitis b virus. it is indicated for management of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus disease and acute herpes zoster, and has been investigated for management of hepatitis b virus infection. | 2010 | 20429777 |
| esophageal ulcer in brazilian patients with hiv: prevalence and comparative analysis among diagnostic methods. | esophageal ulcer (eu) represents an important comorbidity in aids. we evaluated the prevalence of eu, the accuracy of the endoscopic and histologic methods used to investigate viral eu in hiv-positive brazilian patients and the numerical relevance of tissue sampling. a total of 399 hiv-positive patients underwent upper gastrointestinal (ugi) endoscopy. hiv-positive patients with eu determined by ugi endoscopy followed by biopsies were analyzed by the hematoxylin-eosin (he) and immunohistochemica ... | 2010 | 20438377 |
| herpes simplex virus pneumonia: high-resolution ct findings. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the high-resolution computed tomographic (hrct) findings of five adult patients (either immunocompromised or immunocompetent) with herpes simplex virus (hsv) pneumonia. we retrospectively assessed hrct images of 5 patients (all male patients, age range 39-70 years; mean 62 years) with hsv pneumonia. the specific pathological findings that allowed for a definite diagnosis of hsv pneumonia included the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies on haematoxy ... | 2010 | 20442279 |
| processing of lagging-strand intermediates in vitro by herpes simplex virus type 1 dna polymerase. | the processing of lagging-strand intermediates has not been demonstrated in vitro for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). human flap endonuclease-1 (fen-1) was examined for its ability to produce ligatable products with model lagging-strand intermediates in the presence of the wild-type or exonuclease-deficient (exo(-)) hsv-1 dna polymerase (pol). primer/templates were composed of a minicircle single-stranded dna template annealed to primers that contained 5' dna flaps or 5' annealed dna or rna ... | 2010 | 20444887 |
| [effect of ultrasound microbubble carrying herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase on hepatocellular carcinoma in mice]. | to observe the effect of ultrasound microbubble carrying herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. | 2010 | 20460047 |
| a herpes simplex virus vector system for expression of complex cellular cdna libraries. | viral vector-based gene expression libraries from normal or diseased tissues offer opportunities to interrogate cellular functions that influence or participate directly in specific biological processes. here we report the creation and characterization of a herpes simplex virus (hsv)-based expression library consisting of cdnas derived from pc12 pheochromocytoma cells. a replication-defective hsv vector backbone was engineered to contain both a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) and the invit ... | 2010 | 20463073 |
| ectopic matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in human brain tumor cells enhances oncolytic hsv vector infection. | oncolytic herpes simplex virus (ohsv) vectors have shown promise in the treatment of patients with recurrent brain tumors although few complete responses have accrued. impediments to effective therapy include limited vector distribution on delivery, a consequence of injected virion particle trapping in the tumor extracellular matrix (ecm). to enhance virus delivery and spread, we investigated the use of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9) as a means to degrade collagen type iv, a major compon ... | 2010 | 20463757 |
| mediators and mechanisms of herpes simplex virus entry into ocular cells. | the entry of herpes simplex virus into cells was once thought to be a general process. it is now understood that the virus is able to use multiple mechanisms for entry and spread, including the use of receptors and co-receptors that have been determined to be cell-type specific. this is certainly true for ocular cell types, which is important as the virus may use different mechanisms to gain access to multiple anatomic structures in close proximity, leading to various ocular diseases. there are ... | 2010 | 20465436 |
| phase i/ii study of oncolytic herpes simplex virus nv1020 in patients with extensively pretreated refractory colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver. | this multicenter phase i/ii study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor effects of repeated doses of nv1020, a genetically engineered oncolytic herpes simplex virus, in patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer (mcrc). patients with liver-dominant mcrc received four fixed nv1020 doses via weekly hepatic artery infusion, followed by two or more cycles of conventional chemotherapy. phase i included cohorts receiving 3 × 10(6), 1 × 10(7), 3 × 10(7), and 1 × 10(8) plaque-fo ... | 2010 | 20486770 |
| potent anti-tumor activity of telomerase-dependent and hsv-tk armed oncolytic adenovirus for non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. | non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) is the leading cause of cancer related mortality, any improvements in therapeutic strategies are urgently required. in this study we generated a novel 'suicide gene' armed oncolytic adenoviral vector and investigated its antitumor effect both in vitro and in vivo. | 2010 | 20487549 |
| regional liver therapy using oncolytic virus to target hepatic colorectal metastases. | the mortality of colorectal carcinoma often results from the progression of metastatic disease, which is predominantly hepatic. although recent advances in surgical, locoregional, and systemic therapies have yielded modest improvements in survival, treatment of these aggressive lesions is limited to palliation for the vast majority of patients. oncolytic viral therapy represents a promising novel therapeutic modality that has achieved tumor regression in several preclinical and clinical models. ... | 2010 | 20494708 |
| brainstem encephalitis: an unusual presentation of herpes simplex virus infection. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) encephalitis has a predilection for the temporal and frontal lobes but occasionally affects the brainstem. we describe a patient who developed hsv brainstem encephalitis that progressed to quadriplegia. using medline, we conducted a comprehensive review of other published cases of hsv brainstem encephalitis. twenty-four published cases of hsv brainstem encephalitis met our inclusion criteria. the mean age was 41.4 years (range 18-71). hsv-1 was the etiologic agent in 7 ... | 2010 | 20495814 |
| rapid polymerase chain reaction assay to detect herpes simplex virus in the genital tract of women in labor. | to develop a rapid quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect herpes simplex virus (hsv) in the genital secretions of women that may be used in labor. | 2010 | 20502292 |
| herpes simplex virus/sleeping beauty vector-based embryonic gene transfer using the hsb5 mutant: loss of apparent transposition hyperactivity in vivo. | the sleeping beauty (sb) transposon system has been successfully used as a gene delivery tool in nonviral and viral vector platforms. since its initial reconstruction, a series of hyperactive mutants of sb have been generated. questions remain as to whether the enhanced in vitro activities of these sb transposase mutants translate to the in vivo setting, and whether such increased integration efficiencies will ultimately compromise the safety profile of the transposon platform by raising the ris ... | 2010 | 20507234 |
| vegf blockade decreases the tumor uptake of systemic oncolytic herpes virus but enhances therapeutic efficacy when given after virotherapy. | effective therapies for metastatic sarcomas remain elusive. oncolytic viruses have shown promise as anticancer agents, but their access to metastatic sites following systemic delivery is low. as systemic delivery of small-molecule chemotherapy is enhanced by previous treatment with antiangiogenic agents because of changes in intravascular-to-tumor interstitial pressure, we sought to determine whether antiangiogenic pretreatment increases the antitumor efficacy of systemic virotherapy by increasi ... | 2010 | 20508601 |
| herpes simplex virus oncolytic vaccine therapy in melanoma. | advanced melanoma is a devastating disease with a five year survival for stage iv disease of 10 - 20% and a median survival of 6 - 18 months depending on sub-stage. current fda approved therapies demonstrate limited response rates, few complete remissions and no proven survival benefit. new therapies are clearly needed. jsi/34.5-/47-/gm-csf is a herpes simplex virus-1 (oncovex(gm-csf)) oncolytic vaccine therapy designed to induce local and systemic anti-tumor immune responses. | 2010 | 20515292 |
| extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 within the ventral tegmental area regulates responses to stress. | neurotrophic factors and their signaling pathways have been implicated in the neurobiological adaptations in response to stress and the regulation of mood-related behaviors. a candidate signaling molecule implicated in mediating these cellular responses is the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk1/2), although its functional role in mood regulation remains to be fully elucidated. here we show that acute (1 d) or chronic (4 weeks) exposure to unpredictable stress increases phosphorylation o ... | 2010 | 20519540 |
| adenovirus vector covalently conjugated to polyethylene glycol with a cancer-specific promoter suppresses the tumor growth through systemic administration. | cancer gene therapy with adenovirus vectors (adv) is limited to local administration because systemic administration of adv produces a weak therapeutic effect and severe side effects. previously, we generated a dual cancer-specific adv system by using adv covalently conjugated to polyethylene glycol (peg) for transductional targeting and the telomere reverse transcriptase (tert) promoter as a cancer-specific promoter for transcriptional targeting (peg-ad-tert). we demonstrated that systemic admi ... | 2010 | 20522982 |
| a nonspecific scaly erythematous plaque on the nose. herpes simplex virus infection. | | 2010 | 20534079 |
| thymosin alpha1 to harness immunity to pathogens after haploidentical hematopoietic transplantation. | we designed a phase i/ii clinical study to determine safety and efficacy of thymosin alpha1 (talpha1) administration in recipients of one hla haplotype (haploidentical) stem cell transplants for hematologic malignancies. talpha1 administration did not cause acute or chronic graft versus host disease and was associated with significant improvement in polymorphonuclear (phagocytosis) and dendritic cell (phagocytosis, expression of costimulatory molecules, and cytokine production) functions. it was ... | 2010 | 20536464 |
| defective cross-presentation of viral antigens in gilt-free mice. | gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiolreductase (gilt) promotes major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii-restricted presentation of exogenous antigens containing disulfide bonds. here, we show that gilt also facilitates mhc class i-restricted recognition of such antigens by cd8+ t cells, or cross-presentation. gilt is essential for cross-presentation of a cd8+ t cell epitope of glycoprotein b (gb) from herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) but not for its presentation by infected cells. init ... | 2010 | 20538950 |
| icp0 dismantles microtubule networks in herpes simplex virus-infected cells. | infected-cell protein 0 (icp0) is a ring finger e3 ligase that regulates herpes simplex virus (hsv) mrna synthesis, and strongly influences the balance between latency and replication of hsv. for 25 years, the nuclear functions of icp0 have been the subject of intense scrutiny. to obtain new clues about icp0's mechanism of action, we constructed hsv-1 viruses that expressed gfp-tagged icp0. to our surprise, both gfp-tagged and wild-type icp0 were predominantly observed in the cytoplasm of hsv-in ... | 2010 | 20544015 |
| herpes simplex virus (hsv) immediate-early (ie) promoter-directed reporter system for the screening of antiherpetics targeting the early stage of hsv infection. | most of the current antiherpetics target viral dna polymerase, but with the emergence of drug-resistant viruses, antiherpetics with different targets have become necessary. inhibition of herpes simplex virus (hsv) replication at the early stages of infection minimizes cytotoxicity and immune suppression induced by hsv infection. in this report, quantitative reporter systems that use recombinant hsv and a stably transfected cell line were developed for the screening of agents targeting the early ... | 2010 | 20547535 |
| ultrasensitive electrochemical detection for dna arrays based on silver nanoparticle aggregates. | multiplexed dna target detection is of great significance in many fields including clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, biothreat detection and forensics. although the emergence of dna chip technology has accelerated this process, it is still a challenge to perform ultrasensitive dna assay at low attomol concentrations so that dna detection can be directly achieved without a pcr protocol. in this work, an oligonucleotide-functionalized silver nanoparticle tag has been successfully dev ... | 2010 | 20550213 |
| age-dependent mendelian predisposition to herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis in childhood. | to test the hypothesis that predisposition to childhood herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 encephalitis (hse) may be determined in part by human genetic factors. | 2010 | 20553844 |
| viral-mediated expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-2 in the ventral tegmental area modulates behavioral responses to cocaine. | chronic exposure to cocaine increases the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk1/2) in the ventral tegmental area (vta), a neural substrate for drugs of abuse. however, the functional significance of changes in erk1/2 activity in this brain region is unknown. using herpes simplex virus-mediated gene transfer to regulate erk2 activity within the vta in male rats, we show that overexpressing erk2 increases preference for environments previously paired with low doses of cocaine and ... | 2010 | 20561901 |
| virion-associated cofactor high-mobility group dna-binding protein-1 facilitates transposition from the herpes simplex virus/sleeping beauty amplicon vector platform. | the development of the integration-competent, herpes simplex virus/sleeping beauty (hsv/sb) amplicon vector platform has created a means to efficiently and stably deliver therapeutic transcription units (termed "transgenons") to neurons within the mammalian brain. furthermore, an investigation into the transposition capacity of the hsv/sb vector system revealed that the amplicon genome provides an optimal substrate for the transposition of transgenons at least 12 kb in length [de silva, s., mast ... | 2010 | 20568967 |
| detection of herpes viruses in respiratory secretions of patients undergoing artificial ventilation. | the significance of detection of herpes viruses in respiratory secretions of critically ill patients is controversial. the study aim was to determine the prevalence of herpes virus dna in respiratory secretions in patients on artificial ventilation. respiratory secretions taken thrice weekly from 174 patients in a tertiary center intensive therapy unit (itu) were tested for herpes simplex virus (hsv) by nested pcr. samples from 61 patients in itu for 4 days or more were also tested for epstein b ... | 2010 | 20572072 |
| delaying the expression of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein b (gb) to a true late gene alters neurovirulence and inhibits the gb-cd8+ t-cell response in the trigeminal ganglion. | following herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ocular infection of c57bl/6 mice, activated cd8(+) t cells specific for an immunodominant epitope on hsv-1 glycoprotein b (gb-cd8 cells) establish a stable memory population in hsv-1 latently infected trigeminal ganglia (tg), whereas non-hsv-specific cd8(+) t cells are lost over time. the retention and activation of gb-cd8 cells appear to be influenced by persistent viral antigenic exposure within the latently infected tg. we hypothesized that the lo ... | 2010 | 20573821 |
| the herpes simplex virus type 1 ul20 protein and the amino terminus of glycoprotein k (gk) physically interact with gb. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein k (gk) and the ul20 protein (ul20p) are strictly required for virus-induced cell fusion, and mutations within either the gk or ul20 gene cause extensive cell fusion (syncytium formation). we have shown that gk forms a functional protein complex with ul20p, which is required for all gk and ul20p-associated functions in the hsv-1 life cycle. recently, we showed that the amino-terminal 82 amino acids (aa) of gk (gka) were required for the expression ... | 2010 | 20573833 |
| herpes simplex virus induces neural oxidative damage via microglial cell toll-like receptor-2. | using a murine model of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1 encephalitis, our laboratory has determined that induction of proinflammatory mediators in response to viral infection is largely mediated through a toll-like receptor-2 (tlr2)-dependent mechanism. published studies have shown that, like other inflammatory mediators, reactive oxygen species (ros) are generated during viral brain infection. it is increasingly clear that ros are responsible for facilitating secondary tissue damage during central ... | 2010 | 20584314 |
| [genotyping of viral glycoprotein b (gb) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with active cytomegalovirus infection: analysis of the impact of gb genotypes on the patients' outcome]. | genetic variation of cmv strains may correlate with their pathogenicity for immunocompromised patients. on the basis of sequence variation in the ul55 gene encoding the most abundant viral envelope glycoprotein gb, cmv can be classified into four major gb genotypes. the aim of the study was the analysis of the distribution of gb genotypes in a cohort of haematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) recipients and of the correlation of genetic polymorphisms with clinical outcomes and manifestation o ... | 2010 | 20586171 |
| silk-elastin-like hydrogel improves the safety of adenovirus-mediated gene-directed enzyme-prodrug therapy. | recombinant silk-elastin-like protein polymers (selps) are well-known for their highly tunable properties on both the molecular and macroscopic hydrogel levels. one specific structure of these polymers, selp-815k, has been investigated as an injectable controlled delivery system for the treatment of head and neck cancer via a gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (gdept) approach. due to its pore size and gelation properties in vivo, selp restricts the distribution and controls the release of the ... | 2010 | 20586469 |
| impact of herpes simplex virus detection in respiratory specimens of patients with suspected viral pneumonia. | respiratory infection and failure is a commonly encountered problem in intensive care unit (icu) patients. however, despite the accumulating body of evidence to suggest that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) is associated with pneumonia, the exact role played by this virus in this process is still not fully understood. therefore, to identify patients at risk, we have conducted a case-control study to characterize patients with hsv-1-positive pneumonia. | 2010 | 20589523 |
| antibody-mediated targeted gene transfer to nmda nr1-containing neurons in rat neocortex by helper virus-free hsv-1 vector particles containing a chimeric hsv-1 glycoprotein c-staphylococcus a protein. | because of the heterogeneous cellular composition of the brain, and especially the forebrain, cell type-specific expression will benefit many potential applications of direct gene transfer. the two prevalent approaches for achieving cell type-specific expression are using a cell type-specific promoter or targeting gene transfer to a specific cell type. targeted gene transfer with herpes simplex virus (hsv-1) vectors modifies glycoprotein c (gc) to replace the heparin binding domain, which binds ... | 2010 | 20599821 |
| the level of cytosine is usually much higher than the level of guanine in two-fold degenerated sites from third codon positions of genes from simplex- and varicelloviruses with g+c higher than 50%. | we studied usage of cytosine and guanine in 914 genes from completely sequenced genomes of five simplex- and seven varicelloviruses. in genes with total gc-content higher than 50% usage of cytosine is usually higher than usage of guanine (an average difference for genes with g+c higher than 70% reaches 4.0%). this difference is caused mostly by the elevated usage of cytosine in two-fold degenerated sites situated in third codon positions relatively to the usage of guanine in two-fold degenerated ... | 2010 | 20600145 |
| the association of infectious agents and schizophrenia. | the influence of infectious agents on the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders has been discussed for decades. pre- and postnatal infections are risk factors for schizophrenia. this may be explained by chronic infections or an altered immune status. however most of the studies have only focused on one single pathogen and not on the impact of different infectious agents. we investigated the association between schizophrenia and various neurotophic infectious agents. | 2010 | 20602604 |
| inhibition of atp-sensitive potassium channels increases hsv-tk/gcv bystander effect in u373 human glioma cells by enhancing gap junctional intercellular communication. | it is well known that the efficiency of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene/ganciclovir (hsv-tk/gcv) therapy is improved by the bystander effect, which mainly relies on gap junctional intercellular communication (gjic). malignant gliomas communicate poorly through gap junctions, consequently, agents with the ability to increase gjic are good candidates to improve the efficiency of this therapy. since we previously showed that the inhibition of atp-sensitive potassium (katp) channels promo ... | 2010 | 20603136 |
| [analysis of mutations in dna polymerase and thymidine kinase genes of herpes simplex virus clinical isolates resistant to antiherpetic drugs]. | the primary structures of dna-polymerase (ul30) and thymidine kinase (ul23) genes from several herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) clinical isolates which differed in sensitivity for a number of antiherpetic drugs were determined and compared with those for two laboratory hsv-1 strains one of which was acv-sensitive (l2), while the another was resistant (l2) to acv. the phylogenetic analysis of the sequences showed that conserved regions of ul30 gene of hsv-1 clinical isolates and l2 strain were ... | 2010 | 20608173 |
| medical and legal implications of testing for sexually transmitted infections in children. | testing for sexually transmitted infections (stis) in children presents a number of problems for the practitioner that are not usually faced when testing adults for the same infections. the identification of an sti in a child can have, in addition to medical implications, serious legal implications. the presence of an sti is often used to support the presence or allegations of sexual abuse, and conversely, the identification of an sti in a child will prompt an investigation of possible abuse. th ... | 2010 | 20610820 |
| treatment of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus with continuous infusion of high-dose acyclovir in hematopoietic cell transplant patients. | infection because of herpes simplex virus (hsv) that is resistant to acyclovir (acv) poses treatment challenges in hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) patients. we present a series of patients with acv-resistant hsv following hct who were successfully treated with continuous infusion high-dose acv after failing standard treatment regimens for acv-resistant hsv. | 2011 | 20615475 |
| presence of human papilloma virus, herpes simplex virus and epstein-barr virus dna in oral biopsies from sudanese patients with regard to toombak use. | using pcr/dna sequencing, we investigated the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna in brush biopsies obtained from 150 users of sudanese snuff (toombak) and 25 non-users of toombak in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples obtained from 31 patients with oral dysplasias (25 toombak users and 6 non-users), and from 217 patients with oral cancers (145 toombak users and 72 non-users). in the brush tissue samples from toombak u ... | 2010 | 20618612 |
| direct immunofluorescence assay compared to cell culture for the diagnosis of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in children. | direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) is commonly used for the rapid identification of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in mucocutaneous lesions, yet little is known about its diagnostic accuracy. | 2010 | 20620099 |
| herpes simplex virus reactivation after subtotal hemispherectomy in a pediatric patient. | we report herpes simplex encephalitis (hse) in a toddler after a subtotal hemispherectomy for seizures related to hse 16 months earlier. herpes simplex virus reactivation in the cerebrospinal fluid shortly after treatment of hse has been described, but is extremely rare in other situations. hse reactivation is a potential complication of epilepsy surgery after hse in children. | 2010 | 20622709 |
| plus- and minus-end directed microtubule motors bind simultaneously to herpes simplex virus capsids using different inner tegument structures. | many viruses depend on host microtubule motors to reach their destined intracellular location. viral particles of neurotropic alphaherpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv1) show bidirectional transport towards the cell center as well as the periphery, indicating that they utilize microtubule motors of opposing directionality. to understand the mechanisms of specific motor recruitment, it is necessary to characterize the molecular composition of such motile viral structures. we have gen ... | 2010 | 20628567 |
| synergistic action of oncolytic herpes simplex virus and radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer cell lines. | despite much research in chemotherapy and radiotherapy, pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains a fatal disease, highly resistant to all treatment modalities. recent developments in the field of herpes simplex virus (hsv) engineering have allowed the generation of a number of promising virus vectors for treatment of many cancers, including pancreatic tumours. this study examined the use of one such virus, nv1023, in combination with radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer cell lines. | 2010 | 20629009 |
| role of herpes simplex virus icp27 in the degradation of mrna by virion host shutoff rnase. | the virion host shutoff (vhs) rnase tegument protein released into cells by infecting virus has two effects. preexisting stable mrnas (e.g., gapdh [glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase]) are rapidly degraded. stress response rnas containing au-rich elements (ares) in the 3' untranslated region (3'utr) are deadenylated and cleaved, but the cleavage products persist for hours, in contrast to the short half-lives of are-containing mrnas in uninfected cells. at late times, the vhs rnase is neutr ... | 2010 | 20631134 |
| complete regression of human malignant mesothelioma xenografts following local injection of midkine promoter-driven oncolytic adenovirus. | malignant mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. we hypothesized that the tumor-specific midkine (mdk) promoter could confer transcriptional targeting to oncolytic adenoviruses for effective treatment of malignant mesothelioma. | 2010 | 20635326 |
| anhydrotetracycline-peptide conjugates as representatives for ligand-based transactivating systems. | bioconjugates of anhydrotetracycline and minimal activation sequences (vp1, vp2) derived from the herpes simplex virus protein vp16 were synthesized. different ligation strategies were applied and the resulting molecules tested in hela cells expressing the reverse transactivator rtta-s3 for activity. the data clearly demonstrate that the atc-peptide conjugates are able to penetrate the cell membrane. furthermore, binding to and induction of rtta-s3 were detected. structure-activity relationships ... | 2010 | 20638851 |
| [long-term and stable expression of transgene mediated by piggybac transposon in gynecological malignant tumor cells]. | to investigate the expression of exogenous gene transferred by piggybac (pb) transposon in various gynecological malignant cell lines and reveal its potential application of gene therapy in gynecological cancer. | 2010 | 20646543 |
| [detection of adenovirus and herpes simplex virus in the tears of chronic conjunctivitis]. | to analyze the tears of outpatients who had chronic conjunctivitis infected adenovirus (adv) and (or) herpes simplex virus (hsv). | 2010 | 20654215 |
| genetic heterogeneity and variation in viral load during equid herpesvirus-2 infection of foals. | equine herpesvirus-2 (ehv-2) infection has been implicated as a cause of a variety of clinical disorders in young horses, including upper respiratory tract disease, generalized malaise, fever, pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia, and lymphadenopathy. considerable sequence heterogeneity has been demonstrated previously among ehv-2 strains, and individual horses can be concurrently infected with more than one virus strain. in this study, the temporal variation of the viral load and genomic diversity o ... | 2011 | 20655670 |
| new culture technique of human eliminable feeder-assisted target cell sheet production. | cultured cell sheets for transplantation generally have been co-cultured with animal feeder cells, which carry risks because of different species and results in non-contact culture between the feeder and target cells. we developed a new technique to produce human eliminable feeder-assisted target cell sheets by novel human-derived genetically modified feeder cells. three genes (human-derived telomerase reverse transcriptase gene, enhanced green fluorescent protein gene, and herpes simplex virus ... | 2010 | 20659424 |
| interwoven roles of cyclin d3 and cdk4 recruited by icp0 and icp4 in the expression of herpes simplex virus genes. | elsewhere this laboratory reported that (i) icp0 interacts with cyclin d3 but not d1 or d2. the 3 cyclins independently partially rescue deltaicp0 mutants. (ii) interaction with cyclin d3 is required for the switch from nuclear to cytoplasmic accumulation of icp0. (iii) in infected cells cdk4 is activated whereas cdk2 is not. inhibition of cdk4 results in nuclear retention of icp0. overexpression of cyclin d3 reverses the effect of the inhibitor. here we report the following. (i) cdk4 interacts ... | 2010 | 20660182 |
| the glycoprotein b disintegrin-like domain binds beta 1 integrin to mediate cytomegalovirus entry. | cellular integrins were identified as human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) entry receptors and signaling mediators in both fibroblasts and endothelial cells. the goal of these studies was to determine the mechanism by which hcmv binds to cellular integrins to mediate virus entry. hcmv envelope glycoprotein b (gb) has sequence similarity to the integrin-binding disintegrin-like domain found in the adam (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family of proteins. to test the ability of this region to bind to c ... | 2010 | 20660204 |
| suppression of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia by herpes simplex virus vector mediated gene delivery of glutamic acid decarboxylase in spinal cord injured rats. | we investigated whether replication defective herpes simplex virus vectors encoding genes of glutamic acid decarboxylase, the gamma-aminobutyric acid synthesis enzyme, could suppress detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia in rats with spinal cord injury. | 2010 | 20663524 |
| identification of binding domains in the herpes simplex virus type 1 small capsid protein pul35 (vp26). | in this study, fragments of the small capsid protein pul35 (vp26) from herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) were generated to identify binding domains for a number of known ligands. analysis of the binding of dynein light chain subunits, dynlt1 and dynlt3, as well the hsv-1 structural proteins pul19 (vp5) and pul37 was then undertaken using the lexa yeast two-hybrid assay. the n-terminal half of pul35, in particular residues 30-43, was identified as a common region for the binding of dynlt1 and d ... | 2010 | 20668116 |
| clearance and characterization of residual hsv dna in recombinant adeno-associated virus produced by an hsv complementation system. | encapsidation of cellular- or plasmid-derived dna sequences during recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) production has been well documented. however, most of the published data were generated from raav vectors manufactured by the plasmid transient transfection method. we previously reported a novel, scalable method for raav manufacturing based on a recombinant herpes simplex virus (rhsv) complementation system. in this report, we evaluated clearance of dna impurities during raav purificatio ... | 2011 | 20668485 |
| [in vivo experimental study on nasopharyngeal carcinoma with combination of padkdr-tk/gcv suicide gene therapy system and 60co radiotherapy]. | to explore the killing effect of padkdr-tk/gcv suicide gene therapy system combined with 60co radiotherapy on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vivo. | 2010 | 20669653 |
| phase i/ii study of oncolytic hsv gm-csf in combination with radiotherapy and cisplatin in untreated stage iii/iv squamous cell cancer of the head and neck. | this study sought to define the recommended dose of js1/34.5-/47-/gm-csf, an oncolytic herpes simplex type-1 virus (hsv-1) encoding human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf), for future studies in combination with chemoradiotherapy in patients with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (scchn). | 2010 | 20670951 |
| bystander killing effect of tymidine kinase gene-transduced adult bone marrow stromal cells with ganciclovir on malignant glioma cells. | transduction of the suicide gene of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) into glioma cells or neural stem cells combined with pro-drug ganciclovir (gcv) treatment has been effective to treat experimental glioma in the rat through the bystander effect. bone marrow stromal cells (mscs) in the adult bone marrow have tropism for brain tumors and act as tumor stromal cells. whether adult mscs expressing hsv-tk can also act as effector cells of the bystander killing effect on murine glioma c ... | 2010 | 20671379 |
| app, apoe, complement receptor 1, clusterin and picalm and their involvement in the herpes simplex life cycle. | the major alzheimer's disease susceptibility genes (apoe, clusterin, complement receptor 1 (cr1) and phosphatidylinositol binding clathrin assembly protein, picalm) can be implicated directly (apoe, cr1) or indirectly (clusterin and picalm) in the herpes simplex life cycle. the virus binds to proteoliposomes containing apoe or apoa1 and also to cr1, and both clusterin and picalm are related to a mannose-6-phosphate receptor used by the virus for cellular entry and intracellular transport. picalm ... | 2010 | 20674675 |
| hsv usurps eukaryotic initiation factor 3 subunit m for viral protein translation: novel prevention target. | prevention of genital herpes is a global health priority. b5, a recently identified ubiquitous human protein, was proposed as a candidate hsv entry receptor. the current studies explored its role in hsv infection. viral plaque formation was reduced by approximately 90% in human cells transfected with small interfering rna targeting b5 or nectin-1, an established entry receptor. however, the mechanisms were distinct. silencing of nectin-1 prevented intracellular delivery of viral capsids, nuclear ... | 2010 | 20676407 |
| a single-amino-acid substitution in herpes simplex virus 1 envelope glycoprotein b at a site required for binding to the paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (pilralpha) abrogates pilralpha-dependent viral entry and reduces pathogenesis. | paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor α (pilrα) is a herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) entry receptor that associates with o-glycans on hsv-1 envelope glycoprotein b (gb). two threonine residues (thr-53 and thr-480) in gb, which are required for the addition of the principal gb o-glycans, are essential for binding to soluble pilrα. however, the role of the two threonines in pilrα-dependent viral entry remains to be elucidated. therefore, we constructed a recombinant hsv-1 carrying an alanine r ... | 2010 | 20686018 |
| anti-herpes simplex virus effects of berberine from coptidis rhizoma, a major component of a chinese herbal medicine, ching-wei-san. | berberine is an alkaloid extracted from coptidis rhizome. among the individual herbal components of a chinese herb medicine, ching-wei-san, coptidis rhizoma has the most potent antimicrobial activity. by high-pressure liquid chromatography, the quantitative analysis of berberine from 6.25-mg/ml (w/v) coptidis rhizome extract or 50.00-mg/ml (w/v) ching-wei-san was determined to be 0.26 mg/ml. to explore the potential use of ching-wei-san against herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection, the cytotoxic ... | 2010 | 20686799 |
| oncolytic hsv as a vector in cancer immunotherapy. | it is well documented that immunotherapy has a great potential for cancer treatment. the ideal cancer immunotherapeutic strategies should be relatively simple, but able to trick the host's immune system to elicit a robust immune response to the tumor target. herpes simplex virus (hsv) has been engineered for the purpose of oncolysis. these so-called oncolytic hsvs can selectively replicate within tumor cells, resulting in their destruction and in the production of progeny virions that can spread ... | 2010 | 20686972 |
| sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of human herpes simplex virus (hhv) using bioinformatics tool: a review. | bioinformatics is the application of computational techniques to analyse the wet lab information associated with biomolecules on a commercial scale. today's it concentrate on structural biology, genomics to gene expression studies. in this review we discuss the main principles that desirable bioinformatics analyses, sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis from biological databases that are commonly used and examine some of the studies that are being conducted, particularly with reference to ... | 2010 | 20693611 |
| adenoviral gene therapy in high-grade malignant glioma. | despite advances in surgical techniques, improvement in radiation treatments and chemotherapy, and the addition of new biological agents to the armamentarium, the median survival of patients with high-grade malignant glioma has changed little over recent decades. however, advances in the fundamental understanding of brain tumor biology suggest that targeting molecular pathways underlying carcinogenesis may provide alternative or additional approaches to glioma treatment. viruses, particularly ad ... | 2010 | 20697604 |
| an international comparison of current strategies to prevent herpesvirus and fungal infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. | herpes virus (cytometalovirus [cmv], herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus) and invasive fungal infections continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients despite the availability of effective therapies. in this study, we developed an internet-based survey, which was distributed to all hematopoietic cell transplant centers participating in the center for international blood and marrow transplant research (cibmtr) program, ... | 2011 | 20699126 |
| quantification of viral dna and liver enzymes in plasma improves early diagnosis and management of herpes simplex virus hepatitis. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) hepatitis is a rare and potential life-threatening disease. the diagnosis of hsv hepatitis is hampered by its indifferent clinical presentation, which necessitates confirmatory laboratory data to identify hsv in the affected liver. however, liver biopsies are often contraindicated in the context of coagulopathy, are prone to sampling errors and have low sensitivity in mild hsv hepatitis cases. there is an unmet need for less invasive diagnostic tools. the diagnostic an ... | 2011 | 20704650 |
| in vitro activity of dermaseptin s1 derivatives against genital pathogens. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological activity of nine dermaseptin-s1 (drs-s1) derivatives (synthesized by solid-phase methods and purified) against different pathogens causing genital infections (trichomonas vaginalis, herpes simplex virus, papillomavirus). the in vitro activity on t. vaginalis was determined by counting the protozoon in a hemocytometer after vital staining with trypan blue; antiviral activity of the compounds was tested on monolayers of vero cells for herpes sim ... | 2010 | 20718719 |
| e-cadherin contributes to the bystander effect of tk/gcv suicide therapy and enhances its antitumoral activity in pancreatic cancer models. | the thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (tk/gcv) cancer gene therapy approach is based on inducing gcv metabolite cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the herpes simplex virus tk gene and exposed to gcv. a bystander effect, mediated by gap junctions, accounts for the transfer of toxic metabolites from tk-expressing cells to neighboring cells. it has been proposed that e-cadherin participates in the formation and function of such gap junctions. in this study we investigate the influence of e-cadherin ... | 2011 | 20720574 |
| biphasic role of 4-1bb in the regulation of mouse cytomegalovirus-specific cd8(+) t cells. | the initial requirement for the emergence of cmv-specific cd8(+) t cells is poorly understood. mice deficient in the cosignaling tnf superfamily member, 4-1bb, surprisingly developed exaggerated early cd8(+) t-cell responses to mouse cmv (mcmv). cd8(+) t cells directed against acute mcmv epitopes were enhanced, demonstrating that 4-1bb naturally antagonizes these primary populations. paradoxically, 4-1bb-deficient mice displayed reduced accumulation of memory cd8(+) t cells that expand during ch ... | 2010 | 20722077 |
| [study on cotransfection of genes of insulin-like growth factor i and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase for optimization of wound healing]. | to study the effect of cotransfection of genes of insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (hsv-tk) on wound healing. | 2010 | 20723422 |
| tumor therapy by gene regulation system responding to cellular signal. | for safe and efficient gene therapy, the development of gene delivery systems to specifically target tumor cells is one of the most important issues regarding present gene delivery methodologies. recently, we have developed a novel drug or gene delivery system responding to cellular signals (d-recs) that can activate transgenes in response to hyperactivated cellular signals. especially, a protein kinase c (pkc)α-responsive polymeric carrier (polymer-peptide conjugate, ppc(s)) showed highly speci ... | 2010 | 20727927 |
| genotypic characterization of ul23 thymidine kinase and ul30 dna polymerase of clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus: natural polymorphism and mutations associated with resistance to antivirals. | the molecular mechanisms of herpes simplex virus (hsv) resistance to antiviral drugs interfering with viral dna synthesis reported so far rely on the presence of mutations within ul23 (thymidine kinase [tk]) and ul30 (dna polymerase) genes. the interpretation of genotypic antiviral resistance assay results requires the clear distinction between resistance mutations and natural interstrain sequence variations. the objectives of this work were to describe extensively the natural polymorphism of ul ... | 2010 | 20733037 |
| early innate recognition of herpes simplex virus in human primary macrophages is mediated via the mda5/mavs-dependent and mda5/mavs/rna polymerase iii-independent pathways. | innate recognition of viruses is mediated by pattern recognition receptors (prrs) triggering expression of antiviral interferons (ifns) and proinflammatory cytokines. in mice, toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and tlr9 as well as intracellular nucleotide-sensing pathways have been shown to recognize herpes simplex virus (hsv). here, we describe how human primary macrophages recognize early hsv infection via intracellular pathways. a number of inflammatory cytokines, ifns, and ifn-stimulated genes were ... | 2010 | 20739519 |
| disruption of hdac/corest/rest repressor by dnrest reduces genome silencing and increases virulence of herpes simplex virus. | in nonneuronal cells, herpes simplex virus 1 overcomes host defenses, replicates, and ultimately kills the infected cell. among the host defenses suppressed by the virus is a repressor complex whose key components are histone deacetylase (hdac) 1 or 2, re-1 silencing transcription factor (rest), corepressor of rest (corest), and lysine-specific demethylase (lsd) 1. in neurons innervating cells at the portal of entry into the body, the virus establishes a "latent" infection in which viral dna is ... | 2010 | 20798038 |
| development and characterization of sponge-like acyclovir ocular minitablets. | for the treatment of ocular keratitis acyclovir, as a highly specific inhibitor of herpes virus replication, is applied topically into the eye. the objective of this study was to design and evaluate freeze-dried, bioadhesive and biodegredable acyclovir ocular minitablets for prolonged local drug action. the sponge-like nature of the lyophilized ocular minitablets ensures rapid hydration and gelation of these tablets in the eye and thus would reduce the foreign body sensation. the polymers used w ... | 2011 | 20804440 |
| lack of antibodies against the antigen domain 2 epitope of cytomegalovirus (cmv) glycoprotein b is associated with cmv disease after renal transplantation in recipients having the same glycoprotein h serotypes as their donors. | k. ishibashi t. tokumoto, h. shirakawa, k. hashimoto, k. ikuta, n. kushida, t. yanagida, k. shishido, k. aikawa, h. toma, n. inoue, o. yamaguchi, k. tanabe, t. suzutani. lack of antibodies against the antigen domain 2 epitope of cytomegalovirus (cmv) glycoprotein b is associated with cmv disease after renal transplantation in recipients having the same glycoprotein h serotypes as their donors. transpl infect dis 2011: 13: 318-323. all rights reserved abstract: cytomegalovirus (cmv) reinfection o ... | 2010 | 20804536 |
| resolving the assembly state of herpes simplex virus during axon transport by live-cell imaging. | neurotropic herpesviruses depend on long-distance axon transport for the initial establishment of latency in peripheral ganglia (retrograde transport) and for viral spread in axons to exposed body surfaces following reactivation (anterograde transport). images of neurons infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), acquired using electron microscopy, have led to a debate regarding why different types of viral structures are seen in axons and which of these particles are relevant to the axo ... | 2010 | 20810730 |
| a report of three cases and review of intrauterine herpes simplex virus infection. | intrauterine herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection often is omitted from descriptions of neonatal hsv disease. previous characterizations of intrauterine hsv infection limit manifestations to the triad of cutaneous, central nervous system (cns), and ophthalmologic findings. we report 3 cases of intrauterine hsv infection and provide a contemporary literature review of this disease. | 2011 | 20811312 |
| preclinical evaluation of a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector expressing human alpha-1 antitrypsin made using a recombinant herpes simplex virus production method. | recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) vectors offer promise for gene therapy of alpha-1 antitrypsin (aat) deficiency. a toxicology study in mice evaluated intramuscular injection of an raav vector expressing human aat (raav-cb-haat) produced using a herpes simplex virus (hsv) complementation system or a plasmid transfection (tfx) method at doses of 3 × 10(11) vg (1.2 × 10(13) vg/kg) for both vectors and 2 × 10(12) vg (8 × 10(13) vg/kg) for the hsv-produced vector. the hsv-produced vector had ... | 2011 | 20812844 |
| synthesis and antiviral evaluation of α-d-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-c-hydroxymethyl nucleosides. | we have identified a selective s(n)2' reaction triggered by iodide ion that leads to the ring-opening of 2,2'-anhydro-α-nucleosides. by applying the method, we have synthesized α-d-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-c-hydroxymethyl nucleosides, designed as potential antiviral agents. | 2010 | 20833044 |
| expression of rna interference triggers from an oncolytic herpes simplex virus results in specific silencing in tumour cells in vitro and tumours in vivo. | delivery of small interfering rna (sirna) to tumours remains a major obstacle for the development of rna interference (rnai)-based therapeutics. following the promising pre-clinical and clinical results with the oncolytic herpes simplex virus (hsv) oncovex gm-csf, we aimed to express rnai triggers from oncolytic hsv, which although has the potential to improve treatment by silencing tumour-related genes, was not considered possible due to the highly oncolytic properties of hsv. | 2010 | 20836854 |
| a 2-year-old boy with seizures. herpes simplex virus (hsv) encephalitis. | | 2010 | 20839757 |
| inhibition of viral replication in vitro by antiviral-treated amniotic membrane. possible use of amniotic membrane as drug-delivering tool. | to investigate if amniotic membrane (am) incubated with antivirals can inhibit viral growth in vitro. | 2011 | 20843855 |
| genetic labeling of both the axons of transduced, glutamatergic neurons in rat postrhinal cortex and their postsynaptic neurons in other neocortical areas by herpes simplex virus vectors that coexpress an axon-targeted β-galactosidase and wheat germ agglutinin from a vesicular glutamate transporter-1 promoter. | neuronal circuits comprise the foundation for neuronal physiology and synaptic plasticity, and thus for consequent behaviors and learning, but our knowledge of neocortical circuits is incomplete. mapping neocortical circuits is a challenging problem because these circuits contain large numbers of neurons, a high density of synapses, and numerous classes and subclasses of neurons that form many different types of synapses. expression of specific genetic tracers in small numbers of specific subcla ... | 2010 | 20849834 |
| a double mutation in glycoprotein gb compensates for ineffective gd-dependent initiation of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) entry into cells is triggered by the binding of envelope glycoprotein d (gd) to a specific receptor, such as nectin-1 or herpesvirus entry mediator (hvem), resulting in activation of the fusion effectors gb and gh and virus penetration. here we report the identification of a hyperactive gb allele, d285n/a549t, selected by repeat passage of a gd mutant virus defective for nectin-1 binding through cells that express a gd-binding-impaired mutant nectin-1. the gb allele in ... | 2010 | 20861246 |
| cascade of events governing cell-cell fusion induced by herpes simplex virus glycoproteins gd, gh/gl, and gb. | herpesviruses minimally require the envelope proteins gb and gh/gl for virus entry and cell-cell fusion; herpes simplex virus (hsv) additionally requires the receptor-binding protein gd. although gb is a class iii fusion protein, gh/gl does not resemble any documented viral fusion protein at a structural level. based on those data, we proposed that gh/gl does not function as a cofusogen with gb but instead regulates the fusogenic activity of gb. here, we present data to support that hypothesis. ... | 2010 | 20861251 |
| focused review: neuraxial morphine and oral herpes reactivation in the obstetric population. | neuraxial morphine administration is a common strategy for providing postcesarean delivery analgesia. morphine delivered via this route increases the risk of herpes labialis (oral herpes) reactivation, a disease common in women of childbearing age. a primary concern is risk of transmission to the neonate from maternal reactivation. the benefits to the mother of this form of analgesia outweigh the risk of neonatal herpes acquired postpartum from maternal recurrence because serious neonatal morbid ... | 2010 | 20881282 |
| identifying potential pitfalls in conventional herpes simplex virus management. | in recent years, it has become increasingly clear that genital ulcers from herpes simplex virus (hsv) are associated with hiv acquisition. in light of this evolving synergy in transmission and the availability of effective antiviral therapy, proper diagnosis and management of hsv becomes increasingly important. unfortunately, conventional hsv management is founded on several popular misconceptions. herein, we hope to dispel these common misconceptions and expand the current model of herpetic rea ... | 2010 | 20883262 |