| lipopeptides, a novel protein, and volatile compounds contribute to the antifungal activity of the biocontrol agent bacillus atrophaeus cab-1. | bacillus atrophaeus cab-1 displays a high inhibitory activity against various fungal pathogens and suppresses cucumber powdery mildew and tomato gray mold. we extracted and identified lipopeptides and secreted proteins and volatile compounds produced by strain cab-1 to investigate the mechanisms involved in its biocontrol performance. in vitro assays indicated all three types of products contributed to the antagonistic activity against the fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea. each of these componen ... | 2013 | 24013222 |
| induced systemic resistance against botrytis cinerea by bacillus cereus ar156 through a ja/et- and npr1-dependent signaling pathway and activates pamp-triggered immunity in arabidopsis. | induced resistance response is a potent and cost effective plant defense against pathogen attack. the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of the suppressive ability by bacillus cereus ar156 to pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 (pst dc3000) in arabidopsis has been investigated previously; however, the strength of induced systemic resistance (isr) activity against botrytis cinerea remains unknown. here, we show that root-drench application of ar156 significantly reduces disease incidence ... | 2017 | 28293243 |
| antimicrobial and allelopathic metabolites produced by penicillium brasilianum. | six known compounds, isoroquefortine c (1), griseofulvin (2), ergosterol peroxide (3), 3β-hydroxy-(22e,24r)-ergosta-5,8,22-trien-7-one (4), cerevisterol (5) and (22e,24r)-6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α-diol (6), were produced by the fungus penicillium brasilianum, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. this is the first report on isoroquefortine c as naturally occurring compound. their bioactivities against five phytopathogenic fungi (gibeberalla saubinetti, fusarium ... | 2015 | 25103127 |
| antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties of wines and winery byproducts in relation to their flavonoid content. | grapes produce organic compounds that may be involved in the defense of the plants against invading phytopathogens. these metabolites include numerous phenolic compounds that are also active against human pathogens. grapes are used to produce a variety of wines, grape juices, and raisins. grape pomace, seeds, and skins, the remains of the grapes that are a byproduct of winemaking, also contain numerous bioactive compounds that differ from those found in grapes and wines. this overview surveys an ... | 2014 | 24945318 |
| antifungal and antibacterial metabolites from an endophytic aspergillus sp. associated with melia azedarach. | seven known metabolites, dianhydro-aurasperone c (1), isoaurasperone a (2), fonsecinone a (3), asperpyrone a (4), asperazine (5), rubrofusarin b (6) and (r)-3-hydroxybutanonitrile (7), were isolated from the culture of aspergillus sp. kj-9, a fungal endophyte isolated from melia azedarach and identified by spectroscopic methods. all isolates were evaluated in vitro against several phytopathogenic fungi (gibberella saubinetti, magnaporthe grisea, botrytis cinerea, colletotrichum gloeosporioides a ... | 2014 | 24708541 |
| partial purification and characterization of chiio8, a novel antifungal chitinase produced by bacillus cereus io8. | to investigate the distribution of chitinase io8 in bacillus cereus strains, the enhancing effects of the chitinase-producing b. cereus strains on biocontrol potential by dual culture assay and in vivo assay against botrytis cinerea and also the enhancing effects of the chiio8 on disinfectant properties against seed-borne diseases. moreover, the application of chiio8 treatment was also observed to improve the germinative energy. | 2013 | 23647603 |
| synthesis of 1-isopropyl-3-acyl-5-methyl-benzimidazolone derivatives and their antimicrobial activity. | a series of n-acylated analogues of 1-isopropyl-3-acyl-5-methyl-benzimidazolone were synthesized. bioassay results indicated that analogues 5-07 and 5-19 exhibited the most potency against bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa. analogues 5-02, 5-07, 5-12, 5-15, 5-19, 5-20 and 5-25 could effectively inhibit the spore germination of botrytis cinerea. the relationship between structure and their antimicrobial activity (sar) has also b ... | 2013 | 23531538 |
| antagonistic effects of bacillus cereus strain b-02 on morphology, ultrastructure and cytophysiology of botrytis cinerea. | the study on antagonistic mechanism of biocontrol strains gives the premise and basis for efficient and stable biological control. this study aimes to overcome of biocontrol agent in aspects of complicated and diversified mode of action, short-lasting and unstable efficacy in the production processes. this study elucidated the antagonistic mechanism of bacillus cereus strain b-02 on botrytis cinerea by detecting changes in morphology, ultrastructure and physiology in affected hyphae of botrytis ... | 2012 | 23163211 |
| [diversity and antimicrobial activities of actinomycetes from pesticide-contaminated spots in shandong peninsula]. | in order to study diversity and find antimicrobial activities of actinomycetes from pesticide-contaminated spots in shandong peninsula. | 2012 | 22799208 |
| dimethyl disulfide is an induced systemic resistance elicitor produced by bacillus cereus c1l. | bacillus cereus c1l is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium and can elicit induced systemic resistance (isr) in plants against necrotrophic pathogens. however, little is known about isr elicitors produced by b. cereus c1l, and no isr elicitor has been identified and characterised. therefore, the objective of this study is to identify volatile isr elicitor(s) produced by b. cereus c1l. | 2012 | 22573612 |
| antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of three essential oils extracted from mediterranean aromatic plants. | there is a growing interest in essential oils (eos) as possible alternatives for traditional chemical pesticides. this study was carried out to characterize the chemical composition of the three eos extracted from verbena officinalis, majorana hortensis, and salvia officinalis using gas chromatography (gc) and gc-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and to evaluate in vitro their efficacy against some phyto or human pathogens. the antifungal activity was investigated against colletotrichum acutatum and bot ... | 2016 | 27792456 |
| an in vitro attempt for controlling severe phytopathogens and human pathogens using essential oils from mediterranean plants of genus schinus. | growing concerns about food safety and environmental protection enhanced the need for new and safe plant disease control strategies. the chemical composition of the three essential oils (eos) extracted from leaves and fruits of schinus terebinthifolius and leaves of schinus molle, growing in tunisia, was studied by gc and gc-ms. in all, 12 compounds were identified. the oils were mainly composed of terpene compounds. α-pinene, α-phellandrene, and d-limonene were the major constituents. the aim o ... | 2016 | 26836214 |
| complete genome sequence of bacillus subtilis bsd-2, a microbial germicide isolated from cultivated cotton. | bacillus subtilis bsd-2, isolated from cotton (gossypium spp.), had strong antagonistic activity to verticillium dahlia kleb and botrytis cinerea. we sequenced and annotated the bsd-2 complete genome to help us the better use of this strain, which has surfactin, bacilysin, bacillibactin, subtilosin a, tas a and a potential class iv lanthipeptide biosynthetic pathways. | 2016 | 27184432 |
| degq regulates the production of fengycins and biofilm formation of the biocontrol agent bacillus subtilis ncd-2. | bacillus subtilis ncd-2 is an excellent biocontrol agent for tomato gray mold and cotton soil-borne diseases. the fengycin lipopeptides serve as a major role in its biocontrol ability. a previous study revealed that insertion of degq with the mini-tn10 transposon decreased the antifungal activity of strain ncd-2 against the growth of botrytis cinerea. to clarify the regulation of degq on the production of fengycin, we deleted degq by in-frame mutagenesis. compared with the wild-type strain ncd-2 ... | 2015 | 26302846 |
| biological control of the grapevine diseases 'grey mold' and 'powdery mildew' by bacillus b27 and b29 strains. | uncinula necator and botrytis cinerea are the most destructive pathogens of the grapevine in tunisia and elsewhere. we used two strains of bacillus subtilis group, b27 and b29 to control powdery mildew and the grey mold disease of the grapevine. green house experiments showed that b29 and b27 strains of the bacteria efficiently reduced the severity of powdery mildew up to 50% and 60%, respectively. further, they decreased botrytis cinerea development on grape leaf by 77% and 99%, respectively. t ... | 2015 | 25757242 |
| effect of tea tree (melaleuca alternifolia) oil as a natural antimicrobial agent in lipophilic formulations. | there has been increased interest surrounding the use of tea tree oil (tto) as a natural antimicrobial. in this study, the antimicrobial activity of tto and its components were investigated in vitro and in a predominantly lipid-based personal care formulation. in vitro, tto showed minimal inhibitory concentrations of 0.2% (for saccharomyces cerevisiae and pythium sulcatum), 0.4% (for escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, and rhizopus stolonifer), and 0.8% (for botrytis cinerea). tto at 0.08%-0.8% ... | 2015 | 25515896 |
| cyclic lipopeptides from bacillus subtilis activate distinct patterns of defence responses in grapevine. | non-self-recognition of microorganisms partly relies on the perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns (mamps) and leads to the activation of an innate immune response. bacillus subtilis produces three main families of cyclic lipopeptides (lps), namely surfactins, iturins and fengycins. although lps are involved in induced systemic resistance (isr) activation, little is known about defence responses induced by these molecules and their involvement in local resistance to fungi. here, we ... | 2015 | 25040001 |
| non-cytotoxic antifungal agents: isolation and structures of gageopeptides a-d from a bacillus strain 109ggc020. | antifungal resistance and toxicity problems of conventional fungicides highlighted the requirement of search for new safe antifungal agents. to comply with the requirement, we discovered four new non-cytotoxic lipopeptides, gageopeptides a-d, 1-4, from a marine-derived bacterium bacillus subtilis. the structures and stereochemistry of gageopeptides were determined by nmr data analysis and chemical means. gageopeptides exhibited significant antifungal activities against pathogenic fungi rhizocton ... | 2014 | 24857413 |
| characterization of volatile constituents from origanum onites and their antifungal and antibacterial activity. | essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation (hd) and microwave-assisted hd (mwhd) of origanum onites aerial parts were analyzed by gc and gcims. thirty-one constituents representing 98.6% of the water-distilled oil and 52 constituents representing 99.6% of the microwave-distilled oil were identified. carvacrol (76.8% hd and 79.2% mwhd) and thymol (4.7% hd and 4.4% mwhd) were characterized as major constituents in both essential oils. separation of carvacrol and thymol was achieved by overpressu ... | 2014 | 24645494 |
| regulation of the rana sylvatica brevinin-1sy antimicrobial peptide during development and in dorsal and ventral skin in response to freezing, anoxia and dehydration. | brevinin-1sy is the only described antimicrobial peptide (amp) of rana sylvatica. as amps are important innate immune molecules that inhibit microbes, this study examined brevinin-1sy regulation during development and in adult frogs in response to environmental stress. the brevinin-1sy nucleotide sequence was identified and used for protein modeling. brevinin-1sy was predicted to be an amphipathic, hydrophobic, alpha helical peptide that inserts into a lipid bilayer. brevinin-1sy transcripts wer ... | 2014 | 24436376 |
| a novel antifungal protein of bacillus subtilis b25. | bacillus subtilis b25 was isolated from banana rhizosphere soil. it has been confirmed for b25 to have stronger antagonism against fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense, additionally b25 has good inhibitory to plant pathogens, including corynespora cassiicola, alternaria solani, botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides on potato dextrose agar (pda) plates. the antagonistic substance can be extracted from cell-free culture broth supernatants by 70% (w/v) (nh4)2 so4 saturation. clear blank ba ... | 2013 | 24255843 |
| identification and characterization of a novel bacillus subtilis strain with potent antifungal activity of a flagellin-like protein. | the filamentous fungus botrytis cinerea is an important agricultural pathogen affecting a wide range of cultivated plants. since world war ii, chemical fungicides have been the go-to method for agricultural pathogen control. however, the potential adverse environmental and health effects of these chemicals have led to an increasing demand for alternative methods of pathogen control, including biological control agents. in this study, we identified a bacterial isolate with strong antagonistic act ... | 2013 | 23775786 |
| production and antimicrobial activity of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde from bacillus subtilis strain cu12. | bacillus subtilis strains are known to produce a vast array of antimicrobial compounds. however, some compounds remain to be identified. disk assays performed in vitro with bacillus subtilis cu12 showed a significant reduction in mycelial growth of alternaria solani, botrytis cinerea, fusarium sambucinum, and pythium sulcatum. crude b. subtilis culture filtrates were subsequently extracted with ethyl acetate and butanol. a bioassay guided purification procedure revealed the presence of one major ... | 2012 | 23179100 |
| characteristics and antimicrobial activity of bacillus subtilis strains isolated from soil. | antagonistic bacillus strains were isolated from soil and analyzed for the purpose of determining whether they could be used as natural biological agents. primary in vitro screening for antagonism of the isolates was performed against five phytopathogenic mould fungi. strains ts 01 and zr 02 exhibited the most pronounced inhibitory effects. they were identified as bacillus subtilis on the basis of their morphological, cultural and physiology-biochemical properties as well as their hierarchical c ... | 2010 | 24026925 |
| biological control of plant pathogens in brazil: application and current research. | there are several examples of successful isolation, selection and development of antagonists of plant pathogens available for commercial use: mild strains of tristeza virus of citrus for the control of tristeza virus of citrus through preimmunization; acremonium alternatum and a. persicinum for the control of tar spot of coconut (catacauma torrendiella and coccostroma palmicola); trichoderma spp. for the control of phytophthora cactorum on apple after soil treatment with formaldehyde and dicyma ... | 1996 | 24415381 |
| novel components of leaf bacterial communities of field-grown tomato plants and their potential for plant growth promotion and biocontrol of tomato diseases. | this work aimed to characterize potentially endophytic culturable bacteria from leaves of cultivated tomato and analyze their potential for growth promotion and biocontrol of diseases caused by botrytis cinerea and pseudomonas syringae. bacteria were obtained from inner tissues of surface-disinfected tomato leaves of field-grown plants. analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences identified bacterial isolates related to exiguobacterium aurantiacum (isolates bt3 and mt8), exiguobacterium spp. (isolate gt ... | 2016 | 26654914 |
| [antagonistic activity of bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum imv b-7404 and bim b-439d strains towards pathogenic bacteria and micromycetes]. | in this study the antagonistic activity of strains bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum imv b-7404 and bim b-439d against bacterial and fungal pathogens of agricultural crops has been researched. it is shown that both strains of bacilli demonstrated a high level of antagonism to the vascular bacteriosis pathogen, average level of antagonism to micromycetes--root rot pathogens. to ofiobulez pathogen strain b. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum bim b-439d was more active. cultural liquid of ... | 2015 | 25639040 |
| leaf microbiota of strawberries as affected by biological control agents. | the increasing use of biological control agents (bcas) against botrytis cinerea in strawberry raises the question of whether there are any undesirable impacts of foliar applications of bcas on nontarget microorganisms in the phyllosphere. therefore, our objective was to investigate this issue within a field study. strawberry plants were repeatedly sprayed with three bcas-namely, rhizovital 42 fl. (bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42), trianum-p (trichoderma harzianum t22), and naturalis (beauveria ... | 2013 | 24020904 |
| regulation of conidiation in botrytis cinerea involves the light-responsive transcriptional regulators bcltf3 and bcreg1. | botrytis cinerea is a plant pathogenic fungus with a broad host range. due to its rapid growth and reproduction by asexual spores (conidia), which increases the inoculum pressure, the fungus is a serious problem in different fields of agriculture. the formation of the conidia is promoted by light, whereas the formation of sclerotia as survival structures occurs in its absence. based on this observation, putative transcription factors (tfs) whose expression is induced upon light exposure have bee ... | 2017 | 28382431 |
| a comparison between constitutive and inducible transgenic expression of the phrip i gene for broad-spectrum resistance against phytopathogens in potato. | to engineer broad spectrum resistance in potato using different expression strategies. | 2017 | 28365881 |
| a plant bcl-2-associated athanogene is proteolytically activated to confer fungal resistance. | the bcl-2-associated athanogene (bag) family is a multifunctional group of proteins involved in numerous cellular functions ranging from apoptosis to tumorigenesis. these proteins are evolutionarily conserved and encode a characteristic region known as the bag domain. bags function as adapter proteins forming complexes with signaling molecules and molecular chaperones. in humans, a role for bag proteins has been suggested in tumor growth, hiv infection, and neurodegenerative diseases; as a resul ... | 2016 | 28358147 |
| sumoylation inhibition mediated by disruption of sumo e1-e2 interactions confers plant susceptibility to necrotrophic fungal pathogens. | protein modification by sumo modulates essential biological processes in eukaryotes. sumoylation is facilitated by sequential action of the e1-activating, e2-conjugating, and e3-ligase enzymes. in plants, sumo regulates plant development and stress responses, which are key determinants in agricultural productivity. to generate additional tools for advancing our knowledge about the sumo biology, we have developed a strategy for inhibiting in vivo sumo conjugation based on disruption of sumo e1-e2 ... | 2017 | 28343913 |
| the biology of pichia membranifaciens killer toxins. | the killer phenomenon is defined as the ability of some yeast to secrete toxins that are lethal to other sensitive yeasts and filamentous fungi. since the discovery of strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae capable of secreting killer toxins, much information has been gained regarding killer toxins and this fact has substantially contributed knowledge on fundamental aspects of cell biology and yeast genetics. the killer phenomenon has been studied in pichia membranifaciens for several years, during ... | 2017 | 28333108 |
| generation of antifungal stilbenes using the enzymatic secretome of botrytis cinerea. | the protein secretome of botrytis cinerea was used to perform the biotransformation of resveratrol, pterostilbene, and a mixture of both. metabolite profiling by uhplc-hrms revealed the presence of compounds with unusual molecular formula, suggesting the existence of new products. to isolate these products, the reactions were scaled-up, and 21 analogues were isolated and fully characterized by nmr and hresims analyses. the reaction with pterostilbene afforded five new compounds, while the reacti ... | 2017 | 28332842 |
| identification, purification, and expression patterns of chitinase from psychrotolerant pedobacter sp. pr-m6 and antifungal activity in vitro. | in this study, a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium pedobacter sp. pr-m6 that displayed strong chitinolytic activity on 0.5% colloidal chitin was isolated from the soil of a decayed mushroom. chitinase activity of pr-m6 at 25 °c (c25) after 6 days of incubation with colloidal chitin increased rapidly to a maximum level (31.3 u/mg proteins). three chitinase isozymes (chiii, chiiii, and chiiv) from the crude enzyme at 25 °c (c25) incubation were expressed on sds-page gels at 25 °c. after ... | 2017 | 28330749 |
| uva photoactivation of harmol enhances its antifungal activity against the phytopathogens penicillium digitatum and botrytis cinerea. | phytopathogenic fungi responsible for post-harvest diseases on fruit and vegetables cause important economic losses. we have previously reported that harmol (1-methyl-9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-ol) is active against the causal agents of green and gray molds penicillium digitatum and botrytis cinerea, respectively. here, antifungal activity of harmol was characterized in terms of ph dependency and conidial targets; also photodynamic effects of uva irradiation on the antimicrobial action were evaluat ... | 2017 | 28326067 |
| natural variation in life history strategy of arabidopsis thaliana determines stress responses to drought and insects of different feeding guilds. | plants are sessile organisms and, consequently, are exposed to a plethora of stresses in their local habitat. as a result, different populations of a species are subject to different selection pressures leading to adaptation to local conditions and intraspecific divergence. the annual brassicaceous plant arabidopsis thaliana is an attractive model for ecologists and evolutionary biologists due to the availability of a large collection of resequenced natural accessions. accessions of a. thaliana ... | 2017 | 28295823 |
| competition assays revealed paenibacillus pasadenensis strain r16 as a novel antifungal agent. | the development of new sustainable containment strategies of plant diseases is very important to guarantee food security while reducing the environmental impact of agriculture. research of new biocontrol agents is a long and difficult process that involves several steps that start from the identification of possible candidates which, for example, show antibiotic activities, and ends with in field, large scale trials. in this study, the plant growth promoting potential and antifungal effect exert ... | 2017 | 28285658 |
| post-transcriptional regulation of fruit ripening and disease resistance in tomato by the vacuolar protease slvpe3. | proteases represent one of the most abundant classes of enzymes in eukaryotes and are known to play key roles in many biological processes in plants. however, little is known about their functions in fruit ripening and disease resistance, which are unique to flowering plants and required for seed maturation and dispersal. elucidating the genetic mechanisms of fruit ripening and disease resistance is an important goal given the biological and dietary significance of fruit. | 2017 | 28270225 |
| botrytis small rna bc-sir37 suppresses plant defense genes by cross-kingdom rnai. | pathogens secrete effector proteins to suppress host immune responses. recently, we showed that an aggressive plant fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea can also deliver small rna effectors into host cells to suppress host immunity. b. cinerea srnas (bc-srnas) translocate into host plants and hijack the plant rnai machinery to induce cross-kingdom rnai of host immune responsive genes. here, we functionally characterized another bc-srna effector bc-sir37 that is predicted to target at least 15 arabid ... | 2017 | 28267415 |
| aroma compounds and characteristics of noble-rot wines of chardonnay grapes artificially botrytized in the vineyard. | aroma characteristics and their impact volatile components of noble-rot wines elaborated from artificial botrytized chardonnay grapes, obtained by spraying botrytis cinerea suspension in yuquan vineyard, ningxia, china, were explored in this work. dry white wine made from normal-harvested grapes and sweet wine produced from delay-harvested grapes were compared. wine aromas were analysed by trained sensory panelists, and aroma compounds were determined by spme-gc-ms. results indicated that esters ... | 2017 | 28254017 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of arylpyrazoles as fungicides against phytopathogenic fungi. | 3-phenol-1h-pyrazoles (2), 4-halogeno-3-phenol-1h-pyrazoles (3) and 2-(1-phenol-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)phenols (4) were prepared by the condensation of (e)-3-(dimethylamino)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones and hydrazine hydrate or phenylhydrazine in good yields. they were evaluated against five phytopathogens fungi, namely cytospora sp., colletotrichum gloeosporioides, botrytis cinerea, alternaria solani and fusarium solani in vitro. most of the above-mentioned compounds exhibited activities. for example, 4-c ... | 2017 | 28247170 |
| molecular analysis of the early interaction between the grapevine flower and botrytis cinerea reveals that prompt activation of specific host pathways leads to fungus quiescence. | grapes quality and yield can be impaired by bunch rot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea. infection often occurs at flowering and the pathogen stays quiescent until fruit maturity. here, we report a molecular analysis of the early interaction between b. cinerea and vitis vinifera flowers, using a controlled infection system, confocal microscopy and integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analysis of the host and the pathogen. flowers from fruiting cuttings of the cv. pinot noir ... | 2017 | 28239986 |
| botrytis fragariae, a new species causing gray mold on strawberries, shows high frequencies of specific and efflux-based fungicide resistance. | botrytis cinerea causes pre- and postharvest decay of many fruit and vegetable crops. a survey in german strawberry fields revealed botrytis strains that differed from b. cinerea in diagnostic pcr markers and growth appearance. phylogenetic analyses showed these strains to belong to an undescribed species in botrytis clade 2, named botrytis fragariae sp. nov. isolates of b. fragariae were detected in strawberry fields throughout germany, sometimes at similar frequencies as b. cinerea, and in the ... | 2017 | 28235878 |
| fungal adaptation to contemporary fungicide applications: the case of botrytis cinerea populations from champagne vineyards (france). | in addition to being one of the most acute problems impeding chemical control of fungal diseases, the evolution of fungicide resistance is an emblematic case of local adaptation to spatially heterogeneous and temporally variable selection pressures. here we dissected the adaptation of botrytis cinerea (the causal agent of grey mould) populations on grapes to several fungicides. we carried out a 2-year survey (four collection dates) on three treated/untreated pairs of plots from vineyards in cham ... | 2017 | 28231406 |
| microarray analysis of arabidopsis wrky33 mutants in response to the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea. | the wrky33 transcription factor was reported for resistance to the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea. using microarray-based analysis, we compared arabidopsis wrky33 overexpressing lines and wrky33 mutant that showed altered susceptibility to b. cinerea with their corresponding wild-type plants. in the wild-type, about 1660 genes (7% of the transcriptome) were induced and 1054 genes (5% of the transcriptome) were repressed at least twofold at early stages of inoculation with b. cinerea, confi ... | 2017 | 28207847 |
| ectopic expression of the wild grape wrky transcription factor vqwrky52 in arabidopsis thaliana enhances resistance to the biotrophic pathogen powdery mildew but not to the necrotrophic pathogen botrytis cinerea. | wrky transcription factors are known to play important roles in plant responses to biotic stresses. we previously showed that the expression of the wrky gene, vqwrky52, from chinese wild vitis quinquangularis was strongly induced 24 h post inoculation with powdery mildew. in this study, we analyzed the expression levels of vqwrky52 following treatment with the defense related hormones salicylic acid (sa) and methyl jasmonate, revealing that vqwrky52 was strongly induced by sa but not ja. we char ... | 2017 | 28197166 |
| overexpression of the carbohydrate binding module from solanum lycopersicum expansin 1 (sl-exp1) modifies tomato fruit firmness and botrytis cinerea susceptibility. | firmness, one of the major determinants of postharvest quality and shelf life of fruits is determined by the mechanical resistance imposed by the plant cell wall. expansins (exp) are involved in the non-hydrolytic metabolic disassembly of plant cell walls, particularly in processes where relaxation of the wall is necessary, such as fruit development and ripening. as many carbohydrate-associated proteins, expansins have a putative catalytic domain and a carbohydrate-binding module (cbm). several ... | 2017 | 28196350 |
| antifungal effectiveness of fungicide and peroxyacetic acid mixture on the growth of botrytis cinerea. | in the attempt to reduce the negative impacts of chemical pesticides on environment and consumer's health, a new plant treatment practice minimizing the amount of pesticides needed during pests and diseases treatments has been developed. our approach is based on combining the biocide effects of fungicide with the peroxyacetic acid (paa) one. in this paper, we focused on the in vitro study of the antifungal activity of this combination against botrytis cinerea, the most redoubtable threat of toma ... | 2017 | 28192222 |
| a new transformant selection system for the gray mold fungus botrytis cinerea based on the expression of fenhexamid-insensitive erg27 variants. | the gray mold fungus botrytis cinerea features a wide host range and causes severe economic losses, making it an important object for molecular research. thus far, genetic modification of the fungus mainly is relied on two selection systems (nourseothricin and hygromycin), while other selection systems hold significant disadvantages. to broaden the spectrum of available molecular tools, a new selection system based on the cheap and widely used fungicide fenhexamid (hydroxyanilide group) was esta ... | 2017 | 28188884 |
| urnula sp., an endophyte of dicksonia antarctica, making a fragrant mixture of biologically active volatile organic compounds. | urnula sp. was isolated as an endophyte of dicksonia antarctica and identified primarily on the basis of its its sequence and morphological features. the anamorphic state of the fungus appeared as a hyphomyceteous-like fungus as based on its features in culture and scanning electron microscopy examination of its spores. on potato dextrose agar (pda), the organism makes a characteristic fragrance resembling peach pie with vanilla overtones. a gc/ms analysis done on the volatile organic compounds ... | 2017 | 28188331 |
| effects and possible mechanism of tea tree oil against botrytis cinerea and penicillium expansum in vitro and in vivo test. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the antifungal activities and possible mechanisms of tea tree oil (tto) against botrytis cinerea and penicillium expansum in vitro and in vivo. the results show that tto exhibits dose-dependent antifungal activity against both pathogens, but p. expansum is less sensitive than b. cinerea to tto not only in the in vitro test but also in artificially inoculated cherry fruits. tto vapor treatment reduced the decay caused by these pathogens in inoculated c ... | 2017 | 28177805 |
| synthesis, fungicidal activity, and structure activity relationship of β-acylaminocycloalkylsulfonamides against botrytis cinerea. | in order to discover new antifungal agrochemicals that could have highly active and novel motifs, thirty-six new 2-acylaminocycloalkylsulfonamides (iv) were synthesized. their structures were characterized and confirmed by (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, ir, ms, elemental analysis and x-ray single crystal diffraction. in vitro and in vivo activities against various botrytis cinerea strains were evaluated. bioassay results revealed that most of the title compounds exhibited excellent in vitro fungicidal act ... | 2017 | 28176837 |
| enhancement of seed dehiscence by seed treatment with talaromyces flavus gg01 and gg04 in ginseng (panax ginseng). | seed dehiscence of ginseng (panax ginseng c. a. mayer) is affected by moisture, temperature, storage conditions and microbes. several microbes were isolated from completely dehisced seed coat of ginseng cultivars, chunpoong and younpoong at gumsan, korea. we investigated the potential of five talaromyces flavus isolates from the dehiscence of ginseng seed in four traditional stratification facilities. the isolates showed antagonistic activities against fungal plant pathogens, such as cylindrocar ... | 2017 | 28167883 |
| the botrytis cinerea pak kinase bccla4 mediates morphogenesis, growth and cell cycle regulating processes downstream of bcrac. | rac proteins are involved in a variety of cellular processes. effector proteins that interact with active rac convey the gtpase-generated signal to downstream developmental cascades and processes. here we report on the analysis of the main effector and signal cascade downstream of bcrac, the rac homolog of the grey mold fungus botrytis cinerea. several lines of evidence highlighted the p21-activated kinase cla4 as an important effector of rac in fungi. analysis of δbccla4 strains revealed that t ... | 2017 | 28164413 |
| bcsun1, a b. cinerea sun-family protein, is involved in virulence. | bcsun1 is a glycoprotein secreted by botrytis cinerea, an important plant pathogen that causes severe losses in agriculture worldwide. in this work, the role of bcsun1 in different aspects of the b. cinerea biology was studied by phenotypic analysis of bcsun1 knockout strains. we identified bcsun1 as the only member of the group-i sun family of proteins encoded in the b. cinerea genome, which is expressed both in axenic culture and during infection. bcsun1 is also weakly attached to the cellular ... | 2017 | 28163701 |
| synthesis and qsar study of novel α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone derivatives as antifungal agents. | thirty-six new α-benzylidene-γ-lactone compounds based α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone substructure were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic analysis. all compounds were evaluated for antifungal activities in vitro against six plant pathogenic fungi and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (ic50) against botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum lagenarium were investigated. compounds 5c-3 and 5c-5 with the halogen atom exhibited excellent fungicidal activity against b. cinerea (ic50=22.91, 1 ... | 2017 | 28161088 |
| molecular profiles of contrasting shade response strategies in wild plants: differential control of immunity and shoot elongation. | plants growing at high densities elongate their shoots to reach for light, a response known as the shade avoidance syndrome (sas). phytochrome-mediated detection of far-red light reflection from neighboring plants activates growth-promoting molecular pathways leading to sas however, it is unknown how plants that complete their life cycle in the forest understory and are shade tolerant prevent sas when exposed to shade. here, we show how two wild geranium species from different native light envir ... | 2017 | 28138015 |
| a new depigmenting-antifungal methylated grindelane from grindelia chiloensis. | the new methylated grindelane diterpenoid, 7β-hydroxy-8(17)-dehydrogrindelic acid (1b), together with the known 7α-hydroxy-8(17)-dehydrogrindelic acid (2a), 6-oxogrindelic acid (3a), 4β-hydroxy-6-oxo-19-norgrindelic (4a), 19-hydroxygrindelic acid (5a), 18-hydroxygrindelic acid (6a), 4α-carboxygrindelic acid (7a), 17-hydroxygrindelic acid (8a), 6α-hydroxygrindelic acid (9a), 8,17-bisnor-8-oxagrindelic acid (10a), 7α,8α-epoxygrindelic acid (11a), and strictanonic acid (12a) as methyl esters were o ... | 2017 | 28135782 |
| spread of botrytis cinerea strains with multiple fungicide resistance in german horticulture. | botrytis cinerea is a major plant pathogen, causing gray mold rot in a variety of cultures. repeated fungicide applications are common but have resulted in the development of fungal populations with resistance to one or more fungicides. in this study, we have monitored fungicide resistance frequencies and the occurrence of multiple resistance in botrytis isolates from raspberries, strawberries, grapes, stone fruits and ornamental flowers in germany in 2010 to 2015. high frequencies of resistance ... | 2016 | 28096799 |
| the constitutive endopolygalacturonase tvpg2 regulates the induction of plant systemic resistance by trichoderma virens. | trichoderma spp. are opportunistic fungi some of which are commonly present in the rhizosphere. several species, such as t. virens, are also efficient biocontrol agents against phytopathogenic fungi and exert beneficial effects on plants. these effects are the consequence of interactions between trichoderma and plant roots, which trigger enhanced plant growth and induce plant resistance. we have previously shown that t. virens i10 expresses two endopolygalacturonase genes, tvpg1 and tvpg2, durin ... | 2017 | 28095207 |
| tomato slerf.a1, slerf.b4, slerf.c3 and slerf.a3, members of b3 group of erf family, are required for resistance to botrytis cinerea. | the ethylene-responsive factors (erfs) comprise a large family of transcriptional factors that play critical roles in plant immunity. gray mold disease caused by botrytis cinerea, a typical necrotrophic fungal pathogen, is the serious disease that threatens tomato production worldwide. however, littler is known about the molecular mechanism regulating the immunity to b. cinerea in tomato. in the present study, virus-induced gene silencing (vigs)-based functional analyses of 18 members of b3 grou ... | 2016 | 28083004 |
| three pectin methylesterase inhibitors protect cell wall integrity for arabidopsis immunity to botrytis. | infection by necrotrophs is a complex process that starts with the breakdown of the cell wall (cw) matrix initiated by cw-degrading enzymes and results in an extensive tissue maceration. plants exploit induced defense mechanisms based on biochemical modification of the cw components to protect themselves from enzymatic degradation. the pectin matrix is the main cw target of botrytis cinerea, and pectin methylesterification status is strongly altered in response to infection. the methylesterifica ... | 2017 | 28082716 |
| the mediator complex subunits med14, med15, and med16 are involved in defense signaling crosstalk in arabidopsis. | mediator is a highly conserved protein complex that functions as a transcriptional coactivator in rna polymerase ii (rnapii)-mediated transcription. the arabidopsis mediator complex has recently been implicated in plant immune responses. here, we compared salicylic acid (sa)-, methyl jasmonate (meja)-, and the ethylene (et) precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc)-induced defense and/or wound-responsive gene expression in 14 arabidopsis mediator subunit mutants. our results show tha ... | 2016 | 28066497 |
| dynamics in the strawberry rhizosphere microbiome in response to biochar and botrytis cinerea leaf infection. | adding biochar, the solid coproduct of biofuel production, to peat can enhance strawberry growth, and disease resistance against the airborne fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea. additionally, biochar can induce shifts in the strawberry rhizosphere microbiome. however, the moment that this biochar-mediated shift occurs in the rhizosphere is not known. further, the effect of an above-ground infection on the strawberry rhizosphere microbiome is unknown. in the present study we established two experim ... | 2016 | 28066380 |
| reduced susceptibility of tomato stem to the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea is associated with a specific adjustment of fructose content in the host sugar pool. | plant soluble sugars, as main components of primary metabolism, are thought to be implicated in defence against pathogenic fungi. however, the function of sucrose and hexoses remains unclear. this study aimed to identify robust patterns in the dynamics of soluble sugars in sink tissues of tomato plants during the course of infection by the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea distinct roles for glucose and fructose in defence against b. cinerea were hypothesized. | 2017 | 28065923 |
| observation and quantification of mating behavior in the pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus. | a method for observing and quantifying the mating behavior of the pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus, was established under a stereomicroscope. to improve the mating efficiency of b. xylophilus and to increase the chances of mating observation, virgin adults were cultured and used for the investigation. eggs were obtained by keeping the nematodes in water and allowing the females to lay eggs for 10 min. the second-stage juveniles (j2) were synchronized by incubating the eggs for 24 h ... | 2016 | 28060317 |
| mechanisms and strategies of plant defense against botrytis cinerea. | biotic factors affect plant immune responses and plant resistance to pathogen infections. despite the considerable progress made over the past two decades in manipulating genes, proteins and their levels from diverse sources, no complete genetic tolerance to environmental stresses has been developed so far in any crops. plant defense response to pathogens, including botrytis cinerea, is a complex biological process involving various changes at the biochemical, molecular (i.e. transcriptional) an ... | 2017 | 28056558 |
| synthesis and antifungal activity of 2-allylphenol derivatives against fungal plant pathogens. | 2-allylphenol (2-ap) is an effective fungicide against a number of plant pathogens, which can be metabolized and bio-transformed to four chemical compounds by rhizoctonia cerealis. to determine if its degradation affects antifungal activity, two major metabolites derived from 2-ap including 2-(2-hydroxypropyl) phenol and 2-(3-hydroxypropyl) phenol were synthesized. inhibition of mycelial growth of several plant pathogens by the metabolites was evaluated, and structures of two metabolites were de ... | 2017 | 28043330 |
| hanseniaspora uvarum prolongs shelf life of strawberry via volatile production. | gray mold caused by botrytis cinerea led to severe postharvest losses for strawberry industry. in recent years, some studies have shown that postharvest diseases of strawberry can be controlled by using bacterial, fungal and yeast strains. the yeast strain hanseniaspora uvarum was shown as an effective antagonist against b. cinerea growth. here, we further investigated the volatile organic compounds (vocs) production of h. uvarum and how this could impact on postharvest gray mold control of stra ... | 2017 | 28040170 |
| molecular mechanism of bjchi1-mediated plant defense against botrytis cinerea infection. | plant chitinases are a group of proteins associated with defense against pathogen attack. bjchi1 is the first characterized chitinase containing two chitin binding domains (cbds). investigations have shown that bjchi1 inhibits growth of fungal phytopathogens and agglutinates gram-negative bacteria. our recent studies revealed that expression of bjchi1 mrna is largely induced upon infection of botrytis cinerea via a r2r3-myb transcription factor bjmyb1 interacting with a w box-like element (wbl-4 ... | 2017 | 27977333 |
| exploring growth-defence trade-offs in arabidopsis: phytochrome b inactivation requires jaz10 to suppress plant immunity but not to trigger shade-avoidance responses. | under conditions that involve a high risk of competition for light among neighbouring plants, shade-intolerant species often display increased shoot elongation and greater susceptibility to pathogens and herbivores. the functional links between morphological and defence responses to crowding are not well understood. in arabidopsis, the protein jaz10 is thought to play a key role connecting the inactivation of the photoreceptor phytochrome b (phyb), which takes place under competition for light, ... | 2016 | 27943325 |
| antifungal and antiproliferative activities of endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of markhamia tomentosa. | plants harbor endophytes with potential bioactivity. markhamia tomentosa (benth) k. schum ex. engl. (bignoniaceae) is reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. | 2017 | 27937112 |
| discovery of topsentin alkaloids and their derivatives as novel antiviral and anti-phytopathogenic fungus agents. | topsentin alkaloids and their derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized on the basis of nmr and mass spectroscopy. the antiviral activities against tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and anti-phytopathogenic fungus activities of these alkaloids were evaluated for the first time. alkaloids 1c, 1e, 2b, and 2d displayed significantly higher antiviral activities against tmv than ribavirin, emerging as new lead compounds for anti-tmv research. further fungicidal activity tests against 14 kind ... | 2016 | 27933985 |
| design, synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel 2-substituted aminocycloalkylsulfonamides. | a series of novel 2-substituted aminocycloalkylsulfonamides were designed and synthesized by highly selective n-alkylation reaction, whose structures were characterized by (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr and hrms. among them, the configuration of compounds iii12 and iii20 were confirmed by x-ray single crystal diffraction. bioassays demonstrated that the title compounds had considerable effects on different strains of botrytis cinerea and pyricularia grisea. comparing with positive control procymidone (ec50 ... | 2017 | 27914797 |
| effectiveness of different classes of fungicides on botrytis cinerea causing gray mold on fruit and vegetables. | botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen causing a major problem in the export and post-harvest of strawberries. inappropriate use of fungicides leads to resistance among fungal pathogens. therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the sensitivity of b. cinerea to various classes of fungicide and to determine the effectiveness of different concentrations of commonly used fungicides. we thus evaluated the effectiveness of six classes of fungicide in inhibiting the growth and development of this pa ... | 2016 | 27904464 |
| comparative proteomics reveals the potential targets of bcnoxr, a putative regulatory subunit of nadph oxidase of botrytis cinerea. | the nadph oxidase (nox) complex has been shown to play a crucial role in stress response and in the virulence of various fungal pathogens. the underlying molecular mechanisms of nox, however, remain largely unknown. in the present study, a comparative proteomic analysis compared changes in protein abundance in wild-type botrytis cinerea and δbcnoxr mutants in which the regulatory subunit of nox was deleted. the δbcnoxr mutants exhibited reduced growth, sporulation, and impaired virulence. a tota ... | 2016 | 27898285 |
| 'omics' and plant responses to botrytis cinerea. | botrytis cinerea is a dangerous plant pathogenic fungus with wide host ranges. this aggressive pathogen uses multiple weapons to invade and cause serious damages on its host plants. the continuing efforts of how to solve the "puzzle" of the multigenic nature of b. cinerea's pathogenesis and plant defense mechanisms against the disease caused by this mold, the integration of omic approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, along with functional analysis could be ... | 2016 | 27895649 |
| detection of sdhb gene mutations in sdhi-resistant isolates of botrytis cinerea using high resolution melting (hrm) analysis. | botrytis cinerea, is a high risk pathogen for fungicide resistance development. pathogen' resistance to sdhis is associated with several mutations in sdh gene. the diversity of mutations and their differential effect on cross-resistance patterns among sdhis and the fitness of resistant strains necessitate the availability of a tool for their rapid identification. this study was initiated to develop and validate a high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis for the identification of p225h/f/l//t, n230 ... | 2016 | 27895633 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis between an evolved abscisic acid-overproducing mutant botrytis cinerea tbc-a and its ancestral strain botrytis cinerea tbc-6. | abscisic acid (aba) is a classical phytohormone which plays an important role in plant stress resistance. moreover, aba is also found to regulate the activation of innate immune cells and glucose homeostasis in mammals. therefore, this 'stress hormone' is of great importance to theoretical research and agricultural and medical applications. botrytis cinerea is a well-known phytopathogenic ascomycete that synthesizes aba via a pathway substantially different from higher plants. identification of ... | 2016 | 27892476 |
| antifungal activity of β-carbolines on penicillium digitatum and botrytis cinerea. | β-carbolines (βcs) are alkaloids widely distributed in nature that have demonstrated antimicrobial properties. here, we tested in vitro six βcs against penicillium digitatum and botrytis cinerea, causal agents of postharvest diseases on fruit and vegetables. full aromatic βcs (harmine, harmol, norharmane and harmane) exhibited a marked inhibitory effect on conidia germination at concentrations between 0.5 and 1 mm, while dihydro-βcs (harmalina and harmalol) only caused germination delay. harmol ... | 2017 | 27889171 |
| the septin protein sep4 facilitates host infection by plant fungal pathogens via mediating initiation of infection structure formation. | many phytopathogenic fungi use infection structures (ifss, i.e., appressoria and infection cushions) to penetrate host cuticles. however, the conserved mechanisms that mediate initiation of ifs formation in divergent pathogens upon sensing the presence of host plants remain obscure. here, we demonstrate that a conserved septin gene sep4 plays crucial roles in this process. disruption of sep4 in the plant grey mould fungus botrytis cinerea completely blocked ifs formation and abolished the virule ... | 2016 | 27878927 |
| the elongator complex-associated protein drl1 plays a positive role in immune responses against necrotrophic fungal pathogens in arabidopsis. | deformed root and leaves1 (drl1) is an arabidopsis homologue of the yeast toxin target4 (tot4)/killer toxin-insensitive12 (kti12) protein that is physically associated with the rna polymerase ii-interacting protein complex named elongator. mutations in drl1 and elongator lead to similar morphological and molecular phenotypes, suggesting that drl1 and elongator may functionally overlap in arabidopsis. we have shown previously that elongator plays an important role in both salicylic acid (sa)- and ... | 2016 | 27868335 |
| characterization of postharvest fungicide-resistant botrytis cinerea isolates from commercially stored apple fruit. | botrytis cinerea causes gray mold and is an economically important postharvest pathogen of fruit, vegetables, and ornamentals. fludioxonil-sensitive b. cinerea isolates were collected in 2011 and 2013 from commercial storage in pennsylvania. eight isolates had values for effective concentrations for inhibiting 50% of mycelial growth of 0.0004 to 0.0038 μg/ml for fludioxonil and were dual resistant to pyrimethanil and thiabendazole. resistance was generated in vitro, following exposure to a suble ... | 2017 | 27841961 |
| potential role of exoglucanase genes (waexg1 and waexg2) in the biocontrol activity of wickerhamomyces anomalus. | the use of yeasts, including wickerhamomyces anomalus, as biocontrol agents of fungi responsible for postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables has been investigated for the past two decades. among a variety of mechanisms, the production of glucanases coded by the "killer genes" waexg1 and waexg2 have been reported to play a role in the ability of yeast to inhibit other fungi. the objective of the present study was to determine the expression of these genes by rt-qpcr, utilizing gene-specific ... | 2017 | 27816988 |
| influence of chirality of lactones on the perception of some typical fruity notes through perceptual interaction phenomena in bordeaux dessert wines. | recent studies concerning the aroma of noble rot dessert wines revealed the importance of a well-known phenomenon in perfumery, the perceptual blending, to create the perception of "overripe orange" nuances. thus, compounds associated with both oak wood aging (3-methyl-4-octanolide and eugenol) and botrytis cinerea development under the form of noble rot (2-nonen-4-olide and γ-nonalactone) contribute to a specific aroma of great noble rot dessert wines through perceptual interaction phenomena. t ... | 2016 | 27717288 |
| diterpenoids from streptomyces sp. sn194 and their antifungal activity against botrytis cinerea. | botrytis cinerea is a serious phytopathogen affecting a wide range of crops around the world. many fungicides targeting botrytis cinerea have failed due to the pathogen's genetic plasticity. in an effort to search for new fungicides from natural products, two new diterpenoids, named chloroxaloterpin a, 1, and b, 2, were isolated from culture broth of streptomyces sp. sn194 along with four known diterpenoids, viguiepinol, 3, and oxaloterpins c-e, 4-6. their structures were elucidated based on ext ... | 2016 | 27794606 |
| evaluation of leaf wetness duration models for operational use in strawberry disease-warning systems in four us states. | leaf wetness duration (lwd) plays a key role in disease development and is often used as an input in disease-warning systems. lwd is often estimated using mathematical models, since measurement by sensors is rarely available and/or reliable. a strawberry disease-warning system called "strawberry advisory system" (sas) is used by growers in florida, usa, in deciding when to spray their strawberry fields to control anthracnose and botrytis fruit rot. currently, sas is implemented at six locations, ... | 2016 | 27180263 |
| design, synthesis, fungicidal activity, and unexpected docking model of the first chiral boscalid analogues containing oxazolines. | chirality greatly influences the biological and pharmacological properties of a pesticide and will contribute to unnecessary environmental loading and undesired ecological impact. no structure and activity relationship (sar) of enantiopure succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (sdhis) was documented during the structure optimization of boscalids. on the basis of commercial sdhis, oxazoline natural products, and versatile oxazoline ligands in organic synthesis, the first effort was devoted to explor ... | 2016 | 27792876 |
| antifungal membranolytic activity of the tyrocidines against filamentous plant fungi. | the tyrocidines and analogues are cyclic decapeptides produced by brevibacillus parabrevis with a conserved sequence of cyclo(d-phe(1)-pro(2)-x(3)-x(4)-asn(5)-gln(6)-x(7)-val(8)-x(9)-leu(10)) with trp(3,4)/phe(3,4) in the aromatic dipeptide unit, lys(9)/orn(9) as their cationic residue and tyr (tyrocidines), trp (tryptocidines) or phe (phenicidines) in position 7. previous studies indicated they have a broad antifungal spectrum with the peptides containing a tyr residue in position 7 being more ... | 2016 | 27328781 |
| antifungal nanocomposites inspired by titanate nanotubes for complete inactivation of botrytis cinerea isolated from tomato infection. | antifungal silver nanocomposites inspired by titanate nanotubes (agtnts) were successfully evaluated for the effective inactivation of the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea within 20 min. one-dimensional h2ti3o7 nanotubes functionalized with silver nanoparticles (agnps) exhibit unique surface and antifungal properties for the photoinactivation of b. cinerea. nanostructured titanates were synthesized by the eco-friendly, practical, microwave-induced, hydrothermal method followed by a highly ... | 2016 | 27783499 |
| biochar-stimulated plant performance is strongly linked to microbial diversity and metabolic potential in the rhizosphere. | the 'biochar effect' depicts a phenomenon in which biochar soil amendment enhances plant performance by promoting growth and suppressing disease. although this phenomenon has been observed in numerous studies, the mode of action that explains it is currently unknown. in order to elucidate mechanisms responsible for the 'biochar effect', we comprehensively monitored tomato plant development and resistance to the foliar fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea, in biochar-amended and nonamended soils usin ... | 2017 | 27780299 |
| the botrydial biosynthetic gene cluster of botrytis cinerea displays a bipartite genomic structure and is positively regulated by the putative zn(ii)2cys6 transcription factor bcbot6. | botrydial (bot) is a non-host specific phytotoxin produced by the polyphagous phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea. the genomic region of the bot biosynthetic gene cluster was investigated and revealed two additional genes named bcbot6 and bcbot7. analysis revealed that the g+c/a+t-equilibrated regions that contain the bcbot genes alternate with a+t-rich regions made of relics of transposable elements that have undergone repeat-induced point mutations (rip). furthermore, bcbot6, a zn(ii)2cys6 ... | 2016 | 27721016 |
| genetic and molecular basis of botrydial biosynthesis: connecting cytochrome p450-encoding genes to biosynthetic intermediates. | over two hundred species of plants can be infected by the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea under a range of different environmental conditions. in response to these, the fungus produces unique terpenoid and polyketide metabolites. parts of the plants may be killed by the phytotoxin botrydial, enabling the fungus to feed on the dead cells. in this paper, we describe the genetic and molecular basis of botrydial biosynthesis and the function of the five genes of the genome of b. cinerea that ... | 2016 | 27529428 |
| design, synthesis and antifungal activity of coumarin ring-opening derivatives. | based on our initial design, we synthesized two series of coumarin ring-opening derivatives by the reactions of hydrolysis and methylation. results of antifungal screening in vitro showed that the target compounds exhibited potent activity against the six common pathogenic fungi. compounds 6b, 6e, 6g, 6i, 7b and 7c were identified as the most active ones, and the ec50 values of these active compounds were further tested. compared to the commonly used fungicide azoxystrobin (0.0884 µm), compounds ... | 2016 | 27763520 |
| dataset of the botrytis cinerea phosphoproteome induced by different plant-based elicitors. | phosphorylation is one of the main post-translational modification (ptm) involved in signaling network in the ascomycete botrytis cinerea, one of the most relevant phytopathogenic fungus. the data presented in this article provided a differential mass spectrometry-based analysis of the phosphoproteome of b. cinerea under two different phenotypical conditions induced by the use of two different elicitors: glucose and deproteinized tomate cell walls (tcw). a total 1138 and 733 phosphoproteins were ... | 2016 | 27761508 |
| differential control and function of arabidopsis prodh1 and prodh2 genes on infection with biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. | arabidopsis contains two proline dehydrogenase (prodh) genes, prodh1 and prodh2, encoding for homologous and functional isoenzymes. although prodh1 has been studied extensively, especially under abiotic stress, prodh2 has only started to be analysed in recent years. these genes display distinctive expression patterns and show weak transcriptional co-regulation, but are both activated in pathogen-infected tissues. we have demonstrated previously that arabidopsis plants with silenced prodh1/2 expr ... | 2016 | 27526663 |
| involvement of the fusarium graminearum cerato-platanin proteins in fungal growth and plant infection. | the genome of fusarium graminearum, a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing fusarium head blight (fhb) disease of wheat, barley and other cereal grains, contains five genes putatively encoding for proteins with a cerato-platanin domain. cerato-platanins are small secreted cysteine-rich proteins possibly localized in the fungal cell walls and also contributing to the virulence. two of these f. graminearum proteins (fgcpp1 and fgcpp2) belong to the class of snodprot proteins which exhibit phytotoxi ... | 2016 | 27744264 |
| molecular characterization of a novel endornavirus from the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea. | the complete sequence of a novel endornavirus (botrytis cinerea endornavirus 1, bcev1) from the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea strain hbtom-372 was determined. the bcev1 coding strand is 11,557 nucleotides long, possessing an open reading frame (orf) that codes for a polyprotein of 3,787 amino acid residues and lacks a site-specific nick. the polyprotein contains viral methyltransferase (mtr) domain, a cysteine-rich region (crr), two putative viral helicase (dexdc-like and hel-1) domain ... | 2017 | 27722992 |
| suspension array for multiplex detection of eight fungicide-resistance related alleles in botrytis cinerea. | a simple and high-throughput assay to detect fungicide resistance is required for large-scale monitoring of the emergence of resistant strains of botrytis cinerea. using suspension array technology performed on a bio-plex 200 system, we developed a single-tube allele-specific primer extension assay that can simultaneously detect eight alleles in one reaction. these eight alleles include e198 and 198a of the β-tubulin gene (bena), h272 and 272y of the succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur subunit g ... | 2016 | 27708631 |