| experimental studies of the pathogenesis of infections due to pseudomonas aeruginosa: description of a burned mouse model. | an experimental burned mouse model is described that is clinically relevant to burn wound sepsis caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa. mice subjected to a nonlethal burn by flame were challenged with p. aeruginosa. the ld50 after subcutaneous injection in the skin of the burn up to 24 hr after the burn was smaller than 10 organisms vs. 10-6 organisms in normal animals. by three days after the burn, the value returned to and exceeded that of normal animals. this dramatic change in the ld50 after the ... | 1975 | 805812 |
| letter: phenol formation from alkylparabens by bacteria. | | 1975 | 805835 |
| determination of site of infection in endocarditis. | medical-surgical treatment of antibiotic refractory endocarditis requires determination of the site of infection, which is not always possible with conventional cardiac catheterization. the cases of two patients with right-sided endocarditis who survived after combined medical-surgical therapy are presented. one had persistent pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia and three possible sites of infection. multiple quantitative blood cultures proximal and distal to each suspected site indicated the pulm ... | 1975 | 806245 |
| teat apex coliform populations and coliform mastitis--a herd study. | a dairy herd having a high incidence of coliform mastitis was observed by means of pre- and post-milking samples and teat apex culture. infected quarters were the major source of teat apex contamination with coliform bacteria and therefore constituted a risk to unifected quarters and to other cows. coliform populations on the apex from environmental sources appeared to be transitory. | 1975 | 806418 |
| a study of the agglutinin response in 40 cases of bacterial pneumonia. | comparison of the results of cultures from blood and sputum with those of agglutinin response in 40 cases of bacterial pneumonia and 36 controls suggests that a provisional identification of causal bacteria, for purposes of antibiotic therapy, may be made by the serological tests with much greater rapidity and comparable accuracy. a combination of these methods is recommended. | 1975 | 806611 |
| [pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacilli other than pseudomonas aeruginosa--clinical studies based on questionnaires]. | | 1975 | 806639 |
| comparison of the in vitro activities of bb-k8 and three other aminoglycosides against 215 strains of pseudomonas and enterobacteriaceae with variable sensitivity to kanamycin and gentamicin. | 215 gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical materials were tested in vitro against bb-k8 by means of disc diffusion and agar dilution tests; the strains included 40 isolates resistant to gentamicin. approximately 90% of the strains were inhibited by 3.12 mug/ml or less bb-k8. this antibiotic exhibited a comparable activity, although somewhat inferior, to that of gentamicin, against organisms sensitive to gentamicin. it was considrably more active than gentamicin, and comparable to tobramyci ... | 1975 | 807457 |
| a new parenteral cephalosporin, sk&f 59962: 7-trifluoromethylthioacetamido-3-(1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid. chemistry and structure activity relationships. | the synthesis, microbiological profile and in vivo effectiveness in laboratory animals of a series of cephalosporins having 7-acyl substituents derived from methylthioacetic acid are described. structure-activity relationships examined include the effect of oxidation of the side-chain sulfur atom, replacement of the (side-chain) methyl hydrogens by fluorine and replacement of the 3-acetoxy substituent by thioheterocycles. one derivative, 7-trifluoromethylthioacetamido-3-(1-methyl-1h-tetrazol-5-y ... | 1975 | 807547 |
| systematic difference in the methylation of ribosomal ribonucleic acid from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | a survey of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms was performed to compare the distributionof n6-methylated adenine. it was found that (i) all the gram-positive strains tested, staphylococcus aureus, sarcina lutea, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus megaterium, contain neither n6-monomethyl adenine (m6a) nor n6-dimethyladenine (m26a) in 23s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna). in the case of s. aureus and streptococcus pyogenes, strains which are clinically resistant ... | 1975 | 807565 |
| interference with alpha-antitrypsin studues in stored serum by presumed bacterial proteases. | contamination of werum by certain gram-negative bacteria has been shown to spoil the serum for measurement of trypsin inhibitory capacity (stic) or for antitrypsin phenotyping. such sera develop intense fibrinolytic activity when the stic has dropped to itsminimal level, but antitrypsin concentration as measured by radial immunodiffusion remainsconstant. cultures of enterobacter, klebsiella, bacillus subtilis, and pseudomonas species were shown to have this capability, but production of the fi ... | 1975 | 807660 |
| the use of analytical isoelectric focusing for detection and identification of beta-lactamases. | beta-lactamases (ec. 3.5.2.6) from strains of gram-negative bacteria have been studied using analytical isoelectric focusing. this permits a visual comparison of the patterns of beta-lactamase bands produced by enzymes from different organisms. purification of crude intracellular preparations is unnecessary and the technique is sufficiently sensitive to demonstrate beta-lactamase in mutants previously reported to lack the enzyme. r that have not been distinguished from one another biochemically ... | 1975 | 807678 |
| synthesis and antibacterial and antifungal activities of 5-nitro-2-furfurylidene polyhalophenoxyacethydrazides viii. | fifteen 5-nitro-2-furfurylidene phenoxyacethydrazides were synthesized, and the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the compounds prepared were determined against different microorganisms. the o-methoxy derivative was found to be the most active compound. | 1975 | 807705 |
| [therapeutic effect of lividomycin on infections of the respiratory tract (author's transl)]. | therapeutic effect of lividomycin was observed in patients with infections of the respiratory tract (infections in association with bronchiectasis, mixed infections of cavities after negative conversion of tubercle bacilli, pneumonia, and so forth). significant improvement of clinical symptoms was observed in 15 cases and no improvement in 4 cases. lividomycin was administered at a dose of 1 g/day for 3 to 15 days. staphylococcus aureus (9 cases), klebsiella pneumoniae (1 case), alpha-hemolytic ... | 1975 | 807755 |
| [bacteriological studies on fosfomycin. antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo (author's transl)]. | we have examined the antibacterial activity of the new antibiotic, fosfomycin (fom) in vitro and in vivo. the following results were obtained. 1. fom showed a broad antibacterial spectrum. 2. the antibacterial activity of fom was enhanced in the medium at ph 6 and ph 7, and was also influenced by the addition of rabbit serum, calf serum, glucose-6-phosphate or defibrilated sheep blood to the growth medium, and by the size of inoculum. 3 fom showed especially strong bactericidal action upon the b ... | 1975 | 807758 |
| [laboratory studies and therapeutic effect on respiratory infections of a combined preparation of ampicillin and cloxacillin (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 807759 |
| [hospital infections from the neurosurgical point of view (author's transl)]. | a report is made on infections of the trachea and of the bladder which occurred in patients of a neurosurgical intensive care unit. the development of resistance and counter-measures are discussed in detail. | 1975 | 807839 |
| the bacteriological quality of hemodialysis solution as related to several environmental factors. | the bacterial concentrations of the municipal water increased by more than 39-fold when subjected to reverse osmosis; then decreased by greater than 200-fold within the reservoir and water supply system of the hemodialysis center. the bacterial concentrations of dialysate solutions in contact with proportioning single-pass artificial kidney machines were as low or lower than the water from the hemodialysis center system (less than 10 cfu/100 ml.). the complete opposite was observed in the recirc ... | 1975 | 807862 |
| nation-wide survey of antibiotic resistance by means of a computer. analysis of 200.000 strains of problem bacteria isolated in 1973. | based on a pilot study performed in 5 district public health laboratories (phl) in the slovakia in 1972 (1), the computer system for elaborating the informations concerning the resistance of "problem bacteria" to antibiotics has completely been introduced in 18 phls for all-year studies on the resistance to antibiotics in 1973. the results obtained in each phl and also in total of about 200.000 bacterial strains belonging to 8 of the clinically most important bacterial species were passed on to ... | 1975 | 808050 |
| the prophylactic use of keflex and keflin in vaginal hysterectomy. | although the number of severe infections occurring after vaginal hysterectomy are few,they sometimes result in the death of a patient or a protracted hospital course. a prospective double-blind study, using keflex and keflin in theraputic doses,was undertaken to elucidate more clearly the effect upon morbidity in vaginal hysterectomy. cultures were taken form a catheterized urine specimen and the cervix of all patients before surgery. cultures were repeated on the fourth postoperative day. mo ... | 1975 | 808126 |
| microflora of maize prepared as tortillas. | very little is known of the microflora in tortillas, the major component in the diet of many guatemalans and other central americans. based in a guatemalan highland indian village, this study examined the types and amounts of bacteria, yeasts, and molds in tortillas and in their maize precursors. coliforms, bacillus cereus, two species of staphylococcus, and many types of yeast were the main contaminants, but low concentrations of alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, facultative clostridium, and other ... | 1975 | 808168 |
| epidemiology and chemotherapy of opportunistic infections due to pseudomonas and klebsiella. | pseudomonas and klebsiella are now important agents of opportunistic infection. they are widely distributed in nature, and both groups consist of many distinct types. the distribution of types of pseudomonas aeruginosa is the same in infections and in faecal carriers and this suggests that carriers may be a major source of infecting strains. gentamicin is effective against almost all strains of pseudomonas; carbenicillin, though not effective alone against as high a proportion of strains, acts s ... | 1975 | 808502 |
| laboratory studies with cefatrizine (sk + f 60771), a new broad-spectrum orally-active cephalosporin. | cefatrizine (sk&f 60771), a new orally-active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, was compared with cephalexin and cefazolin for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetic behavior in laboratory animals. the average mic values obtained with cefatrizine against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were superior to those obtained with cephalexin and somewhat poorer than those of cefazolin. in addition, a large percentage of th ... | 1975 | 808525 |
| chemistry of cephalosporin antibiotics. 28. preparation and biological activity of 3-(substituted)vinyl cephalosporins. | 3-(substituted)vinylcephem nuclei have been prepared by the reaction of 3-formylcephem derivatives with stabilized phosphoranes. appropriate synthetic steps allowed preparation of a series of 3-ethoxycarbonylvinyl- and 3-carboxyvinylcephem derivatives bearing a variety of 7-acylamino functions. the phenoxyacetyl and thiopheneacetyl derivatives of the 3-cyanovinylcephem nucleus were also prepared. although general gram-positive activity was comparable to cephalothin in many cases, against penicil ... | 1975 | 808607 |
| [treatment of dermatological cases with bb-k8 (author's transl)]. | twenty-seven cases were treated with bb-k8, a new derivative of kanamycin acylated with l-(-)-gamma-amino-alpha-hydroxybutyric acid at the c-1 amino group of the 2-deoxystreptamine moiety. the majority of them were acute primary pyoderma and acute secondary pyoderma. bb-k8 was effective in 23 cases (85.2%) out of 27 cases treated and no side effect was encountered. bb-k8 had antibacterial activity against not only staphylococcus but also pseudomonas and klebsiella. thus, bb-k8 was considered to ... | 1975 | 808656 |
| [the fundamental and clinical studies on pt-122m (doxycycline) in the otorhinolaryngological field (author's transl)]. | as the results of laboratory and clinical investigation with a new tetracycline derivate, pt-122m (doxycycline) was performed with the results which may lead to the following conclusions. 1) in vitro antibacterial activity: the minimal inhibitory concentration of doxycycline (dotc) was measured by an agar plate dilution method. the mic of dotc against 60 strains of coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus isolated from otorrhoea was distributed over a range of 0.2 approximately 1.56 mcg/ml and 1 ... | 1975 | 808657 |
| detection of bacteriuria in pediatric outpatients. a new culture device. | urine samples from 1,003 pediatric patients were examined for bacteriuria with a culture-nitrite strip test, along with microscopic assessment of pyruia and conventional chemical analysis. the latter two methods proved of little value in reliably detecting or excluding substantial bacteriuria. an overall prevalence of 5.2% was shown. using microstix reagent strips, 92 urine samples with substantial colony counts were detected. subculture from the strips disclosed that 52 of these involved single ... | 1975 | 808961 |
| methyl violet: a selective agent for differentiation of klebsiella pneumoniae from enterobacter aerogenes and other gram-negative organisms. | three selective media for differentiation of klebsiella pneumoniae from enterobacter aerogenes on the basis of colonial morphology were evaluated. using methyl violet 2b as a selective agent, strains of k. pneumoniae isolated from urine, fresh water, and fresh produce were tested against other members of enterobacteriaceae in addition to strains of aeromonas hydrophila and pseudomonas aeruginosa. comparison of colonial morphology showed k. pneumoniae produced larger, smoother colonies than other ... | 1975 | 809008 |
| physiological and environmental control of gram negative bacteria on skin. | the relative importance of the environment versus the physiology of the host in the control of gram negative bacteria on skin has been examined by two experimental designs. (i) the changes in incidence of gram negative carriage from three skin sites in a climate controlled chamber at 35 degrees c and 90% humidity for 64 h were determined. following 2 weeks of tetracycline treatment the above experiment was repeated. high temperatures and humidity increased the overall frequency of isolation of g ... | 1975 | 809052 |
| comparative plasma bactericidal activity of cephapirin and cefazolin. | | 1975 | 809250 |
| meningitis caused by klebsiella spp in two rhesus monkeys. | two adult, female rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) became depressed, weak, anorectic, and adipsic. auscultation of the thorax of 1 monkey revealed bilateral harsh rales. neither monkey responded to therapeutic doses of antibiotics, and both died soon after treatment was started. meningitis was demonstrated histologically and pure cultures of multiply antibiotic-resistant klebsiella were isolated from the brains of both monkeys. of 13 clinically normal rhesus monkeys in the same facility, 5 had mu ... | 1975 | 809390 |
| the antibacterial activity of a new cephalosporin, defamandole. | | 1975 | 809407 |
| clinical, pharmacokinetic and laboratory study of penicillin v in the treatment of acute urinary infection. | | 1975 | 809408 |
| [proceedings: septicemia and menigitis in the newborn]. | | 1975 | 809746 |
| in vitro bacteriological study of a new antibiotic substance: sisomicin. | effects of a new antimicrobial agent sisomicin on microorganisms isolated from pathologic material (pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella spp., streptococcus pyogenes-b, citrobacter freundii) were studied. the results obtained were compared with another two aminoglycoside antibiotics - gentamicin and tobramycin. all three antibiotics were found to be very effective in vitro; their effect was enhanced by addition of an antibiotic of ... | 1975 | 809943 |
| prevalence of gram-negative rods in the normal pharyngeal flora. | we obtained throat cultures from 100 randomly selected people free from any chronic upper or lower respiratory disease who did not work in a hospital and who had not experienced any acute illness or received any antibacterial therapy in the 4 weeks preceding culture. eighteen percent harbored either a species of enterobacteriaceae or pseudomonas aeruginosa in their pharynx. in all cases, colony counts were low, the majority being detected in broth media selective for gram-negative rods. there we ... | 1975 | 810051 |
| susceptibilities of gram-negative bacteria to combinations of antimicrobial agents in vitro. | combinations of either clindamycin or erythromycin with gentamicin, colimycin, or carbenicillin were studied for their antimicrobial effects on clinical isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., proteus mirabilis, serratia marcescens, enterobacter aerogenes, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. no antagonistic effects of the antibiotic combinations were observed. synergistic effects of the antibiotic combinations were noted against most strains of e. coli tested, especially when either clindamycin or ... | 1975 | 810077 |
| disk diffusion and serial dilution tests of susceptibility of some pathogenic gram-negative bacilli and enterococci to carbenicillin and ampicillin. | tests for susceptibility to ampicillin and carbenicillin were performed with 35 strains each of klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, and proteus, 71 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 68 strains of enterococci by serial dilution and disk-diffusion tests employing 10(-3) dilutions of overnight cultures as inocula for both. commercial 10-mug ampicillin and 50- and 100-mug carbenicillin disks, and freshly prepared 10-, 50-, and 75-mug ampicillin and 10- and 50-mug carbenicillin disks were used. ... | 1975 | 810078 |
| distribution and persistence of staphylococcus and micrococcus species and other aerobic bacteria on human skin. | the districution of staphylococcus and micrococcus species and associated coryneform bacteria, acinetobacter, klebsiella, enterobacter, bacillus, and streptomyces on skin was determined during october 1971 from samples collected on persons living in north carolina and new jersey. persistence of these organisms on skin was estimated in temporal studies conducted during the period from june 1971 to june 1972 on persons living in north carolina. staphylococci and coryneforms were the most predomina ... | 1975 | 810086 |
| [new development on the field of antibiotic therapy]. | | 1975 | 810448 |
| the antibacterial and pharmacological activity of oxolinic acid (prodoxol). | | 1975 | 810473 |
| [glass fibre hepa filters. i. communication: microbiological and physico-chemical researchs on used and unused, hydrophobic and hydrophilic filter materials at relative humidities up to 98% in the climatic test chamber (author's transl)]. | 1. at high humidities up to 98%, an increase in bacteria cannot be detected. this applies to all hepa filters investigated from the various manufacturers, independent of whether they are hydrophilic or hydrophobic, used or unused. 2. fungal growth can only be obtained when large amounts of nutrient material (e.g. bacterial cultures) are present. in these cases a streaky growth appears . under normal conditions of use, however, such intense contamination is not to be expected because of the prefi ... | 1975 | 811010 |
| resistance-enhancing compound from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a soluble, high molecular weight, resistance-enhancing compound was isolated from mycobacterium tuberculosis by fractionation of a dimethylsulfoxide extract of the organism with n-decyl alcohol. the compound contained carbohydrate, protein, fatty acids, and phosphorous. resistance enhancement was nonspecific in that protection was afforded toward infection with klebsiella pneumoniae as well as m. tuberculosis. the compound enhanced the rate of clearance of carbon from the blood of mice and depre ... | 1975 | 811141 |
| bacteriophage typing of gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria. | | 1975 | 811424 |
| enterotoxigenic intestinal bacteria in tropical sprue. iv. effect of linoleic acid on growth interrelationships of lactobacillus acidophilus and klebsiella pneumoniae. | the factors responsible for colonization of the small intestine by enterotoxigenic coliform bacteria in puerto ricans with tropical sprue are unknown, but epidemiological observations have suggested that they may be related to an increased dietary intake of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, particularly linoleic acid, which is known to exert an inhibitory effect on the growth of gram-positive organisms that normally comprise the flora of the small intestine. we have examined, by using a glucos ... | 1975 | 811564 |
| in vitro activity of ticarcillin, carbenicillin and ampicillin against some gram-negative bacilli. | alpha-carboxy-3-thienylmethyl penicillin (ticarcillin) is a relatively new semisynthetic penicillin which is more active than carbenillin against pseudomonas aeruginosa. among the strains tested, those isolated from the respiratory tract showed an increased susceptibility to carbenicillin and ticarcillin. as with carbenicillin, synergistic activity against p. aeruginosa could be demonstrated with ticarcillin in combination with gentamicin. like other penicillins, the antibacterial activity was i ... | 1975 | 811636 |
| adherence of bacteria to heart valves in vitro. | the abilities of 14 strains of aerobic gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli to adhere in vitro to human or canine aortic valve leaflets were compared. 2-mm sections of excised valve leaflets were obtained by punch biopsy and were incubated under standardized conditions in suspensions of bacteria. valve sections were subsequently washed and homogenized, and quantitative techniques were used to determine the proportions of bacteria from the initial suspensions that had adhered to the valv ... | 1975 | 811687 |
| [klebsiella infections]. | | 1975 | 811728 |
| 3-acyloxymethyl-7-(2-thienylacetamido)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acids. an improved synthesis and biological properties. | | 1975 | 811800 |
| [beta-lactamase of gram-negative bacteria with special reference to its classification]. | | 1975 | 811827 |
| ecological studies of the microbial flora of the female lower genital tract. | | 1975 | 812101 |
| pulmonary cell response patterns after exposure to airborne bacteria. | the free lung cells obtained with a lavage technique were studied in guinea-pigs exposed to an aerosol of e.coli, k. pneumoniae or b.subtilis. an increase in the number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes was found 5-48 hours after exposure to e.coli and b.subtilis. the clearance of a mixture of viable and radioactively labelled e.coli was studied in animals with a naturally present or artificially induced high leucocyte level in the lungs. it was found that animals with the higher leucocyte number ... | 1975 | 812179 |
| nationwide survey of antibiotic resistance by means of a computer. an introduction into the analysis of multiple antibiotic resistance. | one-year surveillance of single and multiple antibiotic resistance of 8 species of so-called "problem bacteria" by computer analysis of data obtained from 18 public health laboratories in slovakia in 1973 enables to establish the most frequently occuring spectra of multiple drug resistance which would point to the spread of typical r plasmids among the problem bacteria investigated. as an introduction, we surveyed the mode of testing of problem bacteria in individual phls against antibiotics - d ... | 1975 | 812292 |
| nation-wide survey of antibiotic resistance by means of a computer: bacterial strains from the urine, stool, and upper respiratory tract. | all-nation data of antibiotic resistance of about 200 000 bacterial strains isolated in the slovak socialist republic in 1973 have been grouped, and compared, by means of a computer, into resistances of strains isolated from the urine, from upper respiratory tract (urt), from stool and from other pathological materials. in general, urine strains of all species investigated were found to be more resistant to "main antibiotics", and, suprisingly, to septrin, than strains from other sources. strain ... | 1975 | 812295 |
| comparison of methods for extraction of bacterial adenine nucleotides determined by firefly assay. | adenine nucleotides in escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were extracted using 10 different methods. extracts were assayed for adenosine 5'-triphosphate (atp), adenosine 5'-diphosphate (adp), and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (amp) by the firefly method using an improved procedure. analytical interference by bacterial enzymes not inactivated during the extraction was found to be a major problem. however, these enzymes were ina ... | 1975 | 812422 |
| [iv. list of disinfectants. 1. supplement. tested following the "rules for testing of disinfectants" and found effective by the deutsche gesellschaft for hygiene and microbiology (situation as of jan 16, 1975)]. | | 1975 | 812477 |
| determination of antimicrobial mic by paper diffusion method. | because they are cumbersome, tests to determine the quantitative susceptibility of organisms to antimicrobial drugs are not performed routinely in many diagnostic laboratories. this paper describes a simple method of incorporating the antimicrobial drug in agar. it is an adaptation of the rolinson and russell technique which allows the determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of antimicrobial drugs for a large number of organisms. results are comparable with those obtained when t ... | 1975 | 812889 |
| urease activity in the rumen of sheep and the isolation of ureolytic bacteria. | urease activity in the sheep rumen varied with the diet of the sheep, but appeared to be largely or entirely present in the small bacterial fraction. screening of over 1000 strains of rumen bacteria isolated on different media showed that urease activity was apparently confined to species of staphylococcus, lactobacillus casei var. casei and klebsiella aerogenes. consideration of the numbers in which these occurred and their activities suggested that the bacteria could not be responsible for the ... | 1976 | 812952 |
| synthesis of inhibitors of bacterial cell wall biogenesis. analogs of d-alanyl-d-alanine. | | 1976 | 812991 |
| chemistry and antibacterial activity of nitrobenzofurans. | thirteen 2-methylbenzofurans were synthesized and their antibacterial activity was investigated. 2-methyl-3-nitrobenzofuran and analogs containing 7-no2, 5-no2, 7-br, 7-conh2, and 7-cf3 substituents are bacteriostatic. the spectrum of activity of these compounds is similar to nitrofurazone; however, a strain of e. coli br which has increased resistance to nitrofurazone did not show increased resistance to 3,7-dinitro-2-methylbenzofuran (1). the 3-nitro-2-methylbenzofurans are labile in solution ... | 1976 | 812994 |
| enterobacterial chelators of iron: their occurrence, detection, and relation to pathogenicity. | in or on agar media, low-density seedings of enterobacteria fail to grow in the presence of certain concentrations of ethylene diamine-di-orthohydroxyphenyl acetic acid (edda); on the other hand, high-density seedings not only grow but secrete iron chelators which release the iron bound by the edda in the medium and stimulate the growth of low-density seedings. plates of media containing edda with low-density seedings of indicator organisms were used to survey iron-chelator production in seven e ... | 1975 | 812996 |
| [etiology of dairy cows mastitis in slovakia in the years 1972-1974]. | in the period from 1972 to 1974, veterinary institutes in slovakia performed bacteriological examinations in 178,853 milk samples coming from 72,454 dairy cows. on an annual average, the number of examined samples were higher by 61% than in 1967-1971. germs responsible for the inflammation of the mammary gland were found in the milk of 22.32% of the dairy cows. the following bacterial germs were represented: streptococcus agalactiae -- 15.77%, staphylococcus aureus -- 4.19%, other streptococci ... | 1975 | 813355 |
| products from furans. 1. sunthesis and anticoccidial and antimicrobial activity of 5-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(4h)-ones and related compounds. | a michael type addition of an amine to 6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(6h)-one (1) dissolved in ether, benzene, or thf gave 5-amino derivatives of 5,6-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(4h)-one (2). these by subsequent reduction with lialh4 were converted to 5-amino derivatives of 6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)tetrahydro-2h-pyran-3-ol (3). both isomers a and b of 1 (in regard to the methoxy group at c6) were used for the synthesis of 2 and 3. the in vit ... | 1976 | 814239 |
| broadcast of microbial aerosols by stacks of sewage treatment plants and effects of ozonation on bacteria in the gaseous effluent. | in the aeration basins of sewage treatment plants, compressed air is supplied to diffusers near the bottom of tanks to aid in the conversion by aerobic bacteria of dissolved and suspended solids of sewage into particles that will settle. air bubbles breaking at the air-water interface will aerosolize bacteria that concentrate in the uppermost microlayer. the microbiological output of a plant in new york city with such a system was monitored. samples of the gaseous effluent were collected inside ... | 1975 | 814569 |
| [etiology of mastitis in dairy cows in slovakia during 1972-1974]. | in the period from 1972 to 1974, veterinary institutes in slovakia performed bacteriological examinations in 178,853 milk samples coming from 72,454 dairy cows. on an annual average, the number of examined samples was higher by 61% than in 1967-1971. germs responsible for the inflammation of the mammary gland were found in the milk of 22.32% of the dairy cows. the following bacterial germs were represented: streptococcus agalactiae - 15.77%, staphylococcus aureus - 4.19%, other streptococci - 1. ... | 1975 | 814671 |
| the effect of cooling and warming rates on the survival of a variety of bacteria. | cooling and warming rates affect bacterial survival profoundly with all bacteria tested (azotobacter chroococcum, klebsiella aerogenes, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptococcus faecalis) behaving similarly. most bacteria were sensitive to salt on freezing and thawing. viabilities of population frozen and thawed in saline were always less (by at least 20%) than comparable ones frozen in water alone. under these conditions, s. faecalis was resistant to the presence of sodium c ... | 1976 | 814981 |
| urease. the primary cause of infection-induced urinary stones. | previous reports have suggested that urease-producing bacteria play a prominent role in the formation of infection-induced urinary stones. we have carried out crystalization experiments in vitro which show that bacterial urease alkalinizes urine, thereby causing: (i) supersaturation with respect to struvite and calcium phosphate; and (ii) formation of struvite and apatite crystals. growth of proteus in urea-free urine or in urine which contained a urease inhibitor did not cause alkalinization, s ... | 1976 | 815197 |
| letter: klebsiella in monkeys. | | 1976 | 815227 |
| [experimental and clinical studies on talampicillin hydrochloride]. | | 1975 | 815466 |
| [catheterization of the left heart by retrograde arterial pathway in children. apropos of 100 explorations by femoral arteriotomy]. | a study has been made of 100 cases in which a surgical technique has been used to carry out aortography in the child. the patients were aged between 12 days and 14 years. 20 per cent of the subjects were infants. the technique which was used was that of arteriotomy of the common femoral artery; the artery was repaired by interrupted sutures. the advantage of this technique is that it allows prolonged arterial catheterisation, and therefore seems to be indicated in the complex cardiopathies and a ... | 1975 | 816286 |
| [aerobic bacterial flora in the bile (author's transl)]. | bacteriological investigation was carried out on bile samples obtained during surgery from patients with multiple diseases of the biliary tract. this study, aimed only at the aerobic biliary flora, showed that the highest incidence of gacteria in the bile was found in repeat surgery for post-operative stenosis of the hepatic bile duct; second in order was lithiasis of the common bile duct. the antibiogram results on the bacterial species isolated are reported. | 1975 | 816359 |
| extracellular deoxyribonuclease activity of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa cultured on deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) media containing nissan's heart extract or chicken heart extract could produce extracellular deoxyribonuclease, while on other dna media with heart extracts from cow, pig and mouse could not. variation in the kind of peptones in the dna media did not make significant difference in this activity, although some peptones caused cloudiness of the media. p. aeruginosa did not need cation activators of chloride compounds to produce extrace ... | 1975 | 816619 |
| [brucella and modification of the host response to bacterial and viral infection. effect of the s-r variation]. | within the framework of a study on the immunostimulant properties of brucella abortus and of its extracts, we have investigated the protective activity on infection of mice by klebsiella pneumoniae and on charlotte friend's leukemia, of inactivated brucella abortus and brucella lysates by ultrasound. the injection of inactivated b 19 r preparations and their lysates three days before infection by klebsiella has allowed to protect mice against a large number of dl50 (100 and 1000 in certain cases ... | 1976 | 816692 |
| antimetabolites produced by microorganisms. xv synthesis of 2-methyl-arginine, 2-methyl-l-ornithine and their enantiomers. | a new arginine antimetabolite was isolated from the fermentation broth of a new strain of streptomyces and identified as 2-methyl-l-arginine. | 1976 | 816762 |
| arrangement and regulation of the nitrogen fixation genes in klebsiella pneumoniae studied by depression kinetics. | events underlying depression of the nitrogen fixation (nif) genes in klebsiella pneumoniae m5a1 were analyzed in vivo by comparing the effects of selective inhibitors of transcription and translation on subsequent nitrogenase activity (rate of acetylene reduction). when batch cultures were induced for depression, an 87-min lag separated ammonium ion/oxygen removal and the appearance of activity. | 1976 | 816785 |
| effects of volatile bacterial metabolites on the growth, sporulation and mycotoxin production of fungi. | | 1976 | 817083 |
| [resistance patterns of certain enterobacteriaceae in hospital and outpatients, with particular reference to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (author's transl)]. | the relative sensitivities of certain enterobacteriaceae strains obtained from impatient and outpatient material for investigation against trimethoprim-sulf-amethoxazole, ampicillin, cephalothin, gentamicin and tetracycline are reported. the efficacy of the substances tested was very varied, the resistance rates to gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole being most favorable. differences in sensitivity could be established between strains from inpatient and outpatient material. resistance r ... | 1976 | 817195 |
| ["in vitro" determination of bacterial sensitivity to tobramycin (author's transl)]. | the authors report the tobramycin minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of 264 strains (dilution in mueller-hinton agar). staphylococcus aureus (96 strains) have a mic of 0.02 mcg/ml, 80 % being inhibited by 0.07 mcg/ml. most enterobacteriaceae (70 strains) are sensitive to 0.7 mcg/ml ; providencia are the most resistant (mic 11.88 mcg/ml). among pseudomonas aeruginosa (98 strains, mic : 11.57 mcg/ml) 50 % are inhibited by 0.30 mcg/ml, 80 % by 18.8 mcg/ml. relationships of mic to zone diameters ... | 1976 | 817253 |
| diversity of beta-lactamase activity among clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli. | various properties (specific activity, inducibility, substrate profile, and susceptibility to inhibitors) of the beta-lactamase activity present in 39 strains of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated during a two-month period in the bacteriology laboratory of a large general hospital were investigated. among the 39 strains there appeared to be at least 16 distinct enzymes. most enzymes from escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and proteus morganii were act ... | 1976 | 817594 |
| bactericidal efficacy of sch 20569 and amikacin against gentamicin-sensitive and -resistant organisms. | sch 20569 is a semisynthetic derivative of gentamicin with activity against many gentamicin-resistant gram-negative bacilli. we compared its bactericidal action with that of gentamicin and amikacin against 171 clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. sch 20569 and amikacin showed markedly greater activity than gentamicin against escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, and indole-positive proteus, primarily by virtue of their let ... | 1976 | 817661 |
| effect of clindamycin on the in vitro activity of amikacin and gentamicin against gram-negative bacilli. | the in vitro effect of clindamycin on the inhibitory and bactericidal activity of amikacin (bb-k8) and gentamicin against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa was examined by the checkerboard technique in microtiter plates. clindamycin (15 mug/ml) produced statistically significant increases in the minimal bactericidal concentrations of amikacin and gentamicin against e. coli and klebsiellae at 2 and 4 h of incubation. the minimal bactericidal concentration against ... | 1976 | 817663 |
| pirbenicillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin with broad-spectrum activity. | pirbenicillin is a new semisynthetic penicillin which inhibited 67% of isolates of proteus aeruginosa tested in our laboratory, 93% of p. mirabilis, 31% of enterobacter spp., 41% of serratia spp., and 58% of escherichia coli at a concentration of 6.25 mug/ml. its activity appeared to be inoculum dependent and it was virtually inactive against 10(7) inocula of p. aeruginosa. it was more active than carbenicillin or ticarcillin, but less active than bl-p1654 against p. aeruginosa. carbenicillin an ... | 1976 | 817665 |
| polymicrobic bacteriuria: significant association with bacteremia. | current clinical practice states that a urine culture yielding three or more isolates must be considered a contaminated specimen and discarded. the validity of this practice was tested by reviewing all patients at the west haven veterans administration hospital with positive blood cultures for 1 year to determine how many were associated with polymicrobic bacteriuria (two or more urine isolates each present at greater than 10(5) colonies/ml). during 1973 there were 18 patients who had bacteremia ... | 1976 | 818108 |
| [clinical studies on gentamicin (author's transl)]. | gentamicin (gm) was studied for on its antibacterial activity, absorption, and excretion, effect on the kidney and clinical effects. the results obtained are as follows: 1. antibacterial activity: the susceptibility of e. coli, klebsiella, proteus mirabilis to gm was almost the same between the periods of 1964 to 1966 and 1972 to 1974: no tendency of increase of resistance by year was noted. however, against pseudomonas aeruginosa, strains showing sensitivity to a concentration of more than 25 m ... | 1976 | 818417 |
| [change of pathogen in infections since 1958 (author's transl)]. | infections with proteus, pseudomonas, klebsiella and enterococci have increased significantly in the period of this report. the question of hospital hygiene, especially in intensive care wards, must therefore be given increased attention. uncritical prophylaxis and treatment with antibiotics must be rejected. attempts to improve the cellular and humoral defense of patients with reduced resistance would be worth while. to achieve progress, there must be a close co-operation between specialists in ... | 1976 | 818523 |
| [change of form of septicaemic diseases (author's transl)]. | as to pathogens causing septicaemic diseases, the era of antibiotics has brought about a shift from gram-positive cocci to gram-negative rod-shaped bacilli. 628 septicaemic infections verified by haemocultures were evaluated from january 1, 1960 until march 31, 1975. septicaemic complications in haemodialyses originated either from infections of the shunt or of the dialytic system, or septicaemia occurred as a result of infusion. in 110 patients presenting myeloid insufficiency, the pathogen ran ... | 1976 | 818524 |
| [tobramycin sensitivity of bacteria from the klebsiella-enterobacter group (author's transl)]. | in 300 strains of the klebsiella-enterobacter group which were isolated from pathological material from the bonn university hospitals in early 1975, the sensitivity to tobramycin was investigated comparatively in a serial dilution test and agar diffusion test. 80% of the strains were seen to be classifiable as sensitive and further 3% as moderately sensitive. the rate to resistance corresponds to that of gentamycin. no difference in resistance behaviour was ascertained in the two bacterial speci ... | 1976 | 818541 |
| ]acute severe mastitis in cows of the dutch-friesian breed (author's transl)]. | one hundred cases of severe acute mastitis are reported. bacteriological examination of the milk was negative in 23% of the cases. e. coli was most frequently found to be the causative organism (23%), followed by st. aureus (19%), c. pyogenes (10%), str. dysgalactiae (9%), str. agalactiae (5%) and a number of other pathogenic agents such as atypical streptococci, str. uberis, haemolytic streptococci, aerobacter aerogenes, kl. pneumoniae, a clostridium and p. multocida. in several cases, a tentat ... | 1976 | 818734 |
| pathomorphologic findings in severe combined immunodeficiency and reticular dysgenesia. | pathomorphologic findings in an 11 month old boy with severe combined immunodeficiency (case 1) and in a 4-month old boy with reticular dysgenesia (case 2) are reported. case 1: the bone marrow exhibited regular granulo-, erythro- and thrombopoiesis. the hypoplastic thymus consisted exclusively of epithelial reticulum cells. the spleen and lymph nodes showed considerable depletion of lymphocytes in both the t- and b-cell areas. there was a complete lack of all lymphatic structures in the gastroi ... | 1976 | 818795 |
| laboratory evaluation of fr10612, a new oral cephalosporin derivative. | fr10612, like cephalexin, is a broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin derivative. the antimicrobial activity of fr10612 against clinical isolates was similar to cephalexin; however, at a low inoculum size its activity was greater than cephalexin against klebsiella pneumonia and proteus mirabilis strains. like cephalexin, the in vitro bactericidal activity of fr10612 was more influenced by the duration of contact with the test organism than by drug concentration. the bactericidal activity of fr10612 a ... | 1976 | 819411 |
| activity of amikacin at sub-inhibitory levels. | | 1976 | 819413 |
| identification of beta-lactamases by analytical isoelectric focusing: correlation with bacterial taxonomy. | beta-lactamases (ec. 3.5.2.6) can be directly compared by analytical isoelectric focusing. using this technique, 242 strains from five gram-positive and 16 gram-negative genera were examined. a preparation of each strain focused as a single group of bands which did not match the pattern of any r factor-associated beta-lactamase. none of the strains was known to carry an r factor and resistance transfer experiments were unsuccessful. the enzymes studied were therefore thought to be chromosomally ... | 1976 | 819625 |
| co-trimoxazole in cases of gram-negative septicaemia. | | 1976 | 819991 |
| [total count and bacterial flora of minced meat with special reference to enterobacteria and pseudomonads (author's transl)]. | the bacterial flora of minced meat is dominated by micrococcaceae. in addition lactobacilli, pseudomonads, and enterobacteria are present in high numbers. the most important groups of spoiled meat are lactobacilli and pseudomonads. enterobacteria develop predominantly at higher spoilage temperatures (15 degrees c). a more detailed study was conducted on 1076 cultures of enterobacteria and 915 cultures of pseudomonads. the main groups of enterobacteria found on minced meat are enterobacter liquef ... | 1975 | 820123 |
| clinical experience with tobramycin in the treatment of infections due to gram-negative bacilli. | tobramycin, a new aminocyclitol antimicrobial agent, was administered parenterally to 28 patients infected with gram-negative bacilli. the dosage was 1.5 mg/kg every 8 hours, except in patients with renal insufficiency in whom the dosage interval was 10 times the serum creatinine in hours. serum levels after intramuscular administration were 3.9 +/- 1.6 mug/ml and 1.0 +/- 0.7 mug/ml at 2 and 8 hours, respectively. serum levels after intravenous administration were 4.6 +/- 0.5 mug/ml, 2.3 +/- 0.6 ... | 1976 | 820195 |
| tobramycin: in vitro and clinical evaluation in 30 patients. | clinical evaluation of intramuscular tobramycin was accomplished in 30 patients with respiratory, soft tissue, urinary tract, bone or septicemic infections due to gram negative bacilli. median sensitivity to tobramycin of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (19 strains) was 0.62 mug/ml and range 0.31-2.5 mug/ml; less activity was observed for escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter species isolates but median minimum inhibitory concentrations were less than or equ ... | 1976 | 820196 |
| in vitro evaluation of cefoxitin and cefamandole. | cefoxitin and cefamandole were evaluated in vitro against 263 organisms. studies were performed in mueller-hinton and nutrient broth and agar employing inoculum sizes of 10(6) and 10(8) organisms per ml. at obtainable serum levels both antibiotics were bactericidal for nearly all strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella, proteus mirabilis, and staphylococcus aureus but were inactive against pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococcus. in agar, cefamandole appeared to be active against most strains of ... | 1976 | 820241 |
| enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from vegetable salads. | klebsiella, enterobacter, and serratia were recovered frequently in high counts from vegetable salads. pseudomonas aeruginosa, although isolated frequently, was in lower counts. | 1976 | 820254 |
| survival of bacteria in seawater using a diffusion chamber apparatus in situ. | a microbiological survival chamber for in situ environmental studies involving microorganisms of public health significance was developed. the autoclavable chamber was provided with a supportive base for proper flow orientation and a battery-powered stirring mechanism for continuous internal agitation. the performance of the chamber and its ancillary units was evaluated in estuarine waters by diffusion studies and survival tests with eight species of bacteria isolated from environmental sources. ... | 1976 | 820259 |
| [secondary infections in patients with tetanus in dakar]. | | 1975 | 820436 |
| selective advantages of various bacterial carbohydrate transport mechanisms. | at least four strategies have been developed by bacteria for capturing carbohydrates. they are typified by the transport mechanisms for glycerol, glucose, lactose, and galactose in escherichia coli. glycerol enters the cell by facilitated diffusion catalyzed by specific membrane protein. once inside the cell, the substrate is trapped by phosphorylation mediated by an adenosine triphosphate (atp)-dependent kinase. glucose is phosphorylated in transit by a membrane-associated phosphoenolpyruvate p ... | 1976 | 820574 |