| sequence analysis of the matrix protein gene of human parainfluenza virus type 3: extensive sequence homology among paramyxoviruses. | the sequences of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) matrix (m) mrna [1150 nucleotides exclusive of poly(a)] and predicted m protein (353 amino acids) were determined by sequence analysis of cloned cdna and viral genomic rna. the gene-end sequence of the m gene differed from the semi-conserved gene-end sequence of the other piv3 genes by an apparent insertion of eight nucleotides. the piv3 m protein shared high sequence homology with sendai virus and moderate homology with measles virus ... | 1987 | 2883252 |
| a procedure for selective full length cdna cloning of specific rna species. | a method allowing routine establishment of full length and functionally competent cdna clones of particular mrnas from small preparations of polyadenylated rna is described. pairs of synthetic primers are used for first and second strand synthesis. they include sequences complementary to the 3' terminal regions of the mrnas and of the full length first cdna strands, respectively and bear a few additional nucleotides at their 5' ends. after synthesis of both cdna strands in one tube, they are pre ... | 1987 | 2884622 |
| persistent measles virus genome in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. | a radiolabelled 50-base oligonucleotide complementary with the measles virus gene encoding the nucleocapsid was used as a probe to identify persistent measles virus genome in the lymphocytes from patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (aicah). positive hybrids were found in 12 of 18 patients, and correlated strongly with high antibody titres to measles. among the 45 controls, positive hybrids were found in 1 patient with measles, 1 of 3 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and ... | 1987 | 2885546 |
| resistance of a measles virus mutant to fusion inhibitory oligopeptides is not associated with mutations in the fusion peptide. | the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence has been obtained for the fusion (f) protein gene of the r93 strain of measles virus and compared to that of the parental strain, edmonston b. the r93 strain is a mutant measles virus which is able to grow and induce cell fusion in the presence of the fusion inhibiting oligopeptide, z-d-phe-l-phe-l-(no2)arg (sv4814). primer extension sequencing on isolated r93 mrna demonstrated the presence of three nucleotide changes leading to three ami ... | 1987 | 2887065 |
| pathomorphologic characterization of cns damage in monkeys infected with persistent variant of measles virus vaccine strain l-16. | the lesions of cns were examined in monkeys infected intracerebrally (i.c.) with a variant of measles virus vaccine strain l-16 isolated after prolonged persistence in human cell culture ner-2. the persisting virus variant appeared pathogenic for monkeys. the changes which had developed in their cns within 30 to 60 days post-infection (p.i.) were alike to acute measles encephalitis which was evidenced by giant cell formation at the injection site. twenty-two months p.i. the chronic character of ... | 1987 | 2892384 |
| increased perinatal mortality among children of mothers exposed to measles during pregnancy. | a survey done after a severe epidemic of measles in an urban area of guinea-bissau has shown that children born to women exposed to measles during pregnancy had a perinatal mortality rate of 15%, compared with only 4% for other children in the community (or = 4.2; 95% ci 2.1-8.5). none of the women had clinical evidence of measles. adjusting for background variables, logistic regression analysis showed no tendency towards reduced risk of perinatal mortality among children of women exposed during ... | 1988 | 2893927 |
| intrathecal synthesis of igg antibodies to htlv-i supports an etiological role for htlv-i in tropical spastic paraparesis. | high titers of antibody to human t-lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) have been reported in the sera and cerebrospinal fluids of patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. by means of agarose isoelectric focusing and selective immunoblotting, we demonstrated oligoclonal bands of immunoglobulin g antibodies to htlv-i in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. such cerebrospinal fluid-specific immunoglobulin bands indicate intrathecal synthesis of specific ... | 1988 | 2894812 |
| immunological findings in neurological diseases associated with antibodies to htlv-i: activated lymphocytes in tropical spastic paraparesis. | a retrovirus involvement in the etiology of certain neurological diseases is currently an area of intense interest. tropical spastic paraparesis and other chronic progressive myelopathies have been clearly associated with increased serum and cerebrospinal fluid antibody titers to human t-lymphotropic virus type i; however, little is known about the cellular immune response. in the present study, activated t-lymphocytes were found in the peripheral blood of patients with this disorder. there were ... | 1988 | 2894814 |
| comparative clinico-morphological investigations of the cns of monkeys and of the eye teguments of guinea pigs infected with different measles virus strains. | measles virus strains edmonston and l-16 have been studied in 10 intracerebrally (i.c.) infected monkeys and in 155 guinea pigs infected into the anterior eye chamber. the strains appeared to differ in pathogenicity for monkeys and guinea pigs. the more pathogenic edmonston strain caused encephalitis in monkeys, whereas in guinea pigs it caused iridocyclitis, keratoconjunctivitis and follicular conjunctivitis. strain l-16 was not neurovirulent for monkeys, while in guinea pigs it caused follicul ... | 1988 | 2899959 |
| dependence on the birth season of the antibody level against west nile virus in the pakistani population. | variation of antibody level against west nile (wn) virus depending on the season of birth was followed among 151 paired serum samples of healthy pakistani persons in karachi, collected twice in july and october, 1985. the persons born during the months between february and june had lower positive antibody rate and lower responsiveness in haemagglutination inhibition and neutralizing tests against wn virus than those born during the other months. this phenomenon implies that the ability to produc ... | 1988 | 2899960 |
| recognition of intracellular measles virus antigens by hla class ii restricted measles virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | | 1988 | 2905123 |
| suppressive effect of macrophages on interferon-gamma production by human peripheral lymphocytes stimulated with mycoplasma pneumoniae. | production of interferon (ifn)-gamma was investigated in human peripheral lymphocytes stimulated with mycoplasma pneumoniae. lymphocytes obtained from non-immune individuals produced no ifn. ifn-gamma was produced by t cells obtained from immune individuals, and the helper/inducer t cells produced two- to sixfold higher titer of ifn-gamma than the suppressor/cytotoxic t cells. the addition of macrophages in t cell cultures suppressed the production of ifn-gamma; this differs from the previous re ... | 1988 | 2905415 |
| infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with a temperature-sensitive mutant of measles virus. | a stable temperature-sensitive mutant of measles virus (mv ts38) was used to study the mechanism of virus-mediated immune suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. both unstimulated and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated cultures released infectious virus at 32 degrees c, whereas no virus was released at 37 degrees c, although both viral rna and viral proteins were synthesized. however, the response of the lymphoid cells to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin a, and herpes simplex viru ... | 1989 | 2911119 |
| immunoglobulin g subclass antibodies to measles virus in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis or multiple sclerosis. | mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for human immunoglobulin g (igg) subclasses and a sensitive immunoassay were used to evaluate the igg subclass antibody response to measles virus antigens in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from 20 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), 12 patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), and 11 controls with high measles virus antibody titers in serum. in patients with sspe, measles virus-specific antibodies were found mainly in the igg1 subcla ... | 1989 | 2913037 |
| structural defect linked to nonrandom mutations in the matrix gene of biken strain subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus defined by cdna cloning and expression of chimeric genes. | biken strain, a nonproductive measles viruslike agent isolated from a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) patient, contains a posttranscriptional defect affecting matrix (m) protein. a putative m protein was translated in vitro with rna from biken strain-infected cells. a similar protein was detected in vivo by an antiserum against a peptide synthesized from the cloned m gene of edmonston strain measles virus. by using a novel method, full-length cdnas of the biken m gene were selectively ... | 1989 | 2915379 |
| distemper virus in baikal seals. | | 1989 | 2922047 |
| sequence analysis of the mumps virus mrna encoding the p protein. | the nucleotide sequence of the mumps virus phospho- or polymerase-associated (p) protein mrna has been determined by sequencing a full-length cdna clone and confirmed by partially sequencing the mrna and the genome. the mrna contains 1311 nucleotides excluding the poly(a) and encodes a protein of 390 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 41,574. three small polypeptides were seen in in vitro translation of viral mrna and hybrid-selected p mrna, possibly representing internal initiati ... | 1989 | 2922928 |
| measles virus editing provides an additional cysteine-rich protein. | the measles virus (mv) phosphoprotein (p) gene encodes two known proteins, p (mr approximately 70,000), involved in viral transcription, and, in a different reading frame, c (mr approximately 20,000). by a combination of cdna cloning, cdna and rna sequencing, and in vitro translation, we demonstrate here that the mv p gene also expresses a third product (mr approximately 46,000) containing the amino-terminal region of p but a different, cysteine-rich carboxy-terminal motif. this third protein is ... | 1989 | 2924348 |
| measles in the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). | the measles virus is known to infect several species of monkeys. a group of 87 cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) was screened to observe whether there was an association between measles and the cold symptoms seen in most of the animals. another 23 monkeys were vaccinated with attenuated measles vaccine and their antibody titres monitored to ascertain whether the vaccine would protect them against measles. | 1989 | 2929098 |
| [effectiveness of the selective revaccination of schoolchildren against measles]. | the revaccination of 70% of schoolchildren, previously immunized with measles vaccines of 26 different batches with insufficient immunogenic potency, has led to the pronounced and stable increase of immunity in the corresponding groups of children and has decreased measles morbidity among them 20 times. | 1985 | 2930972 |
| the unchanging epidemiology and toll of measles in burma. | an evaluation of the public health importance of measles in burma was carried out in 1983 to formulate recommendations regarding the feasibility of incorporating measles vaccine into the country's expanded program on immunization (epi). a review of available medical, serological, and epidemiological data as well as a sample study of childhood deaths indicated measles is a major killer of infants and young children in burma. since 1978, there have been over 20,000 cases of measles per year, and ... | 1985 | 2931207 |
| membrane markers, target cell specificity, and sensitivity to biological response modifiers distinguish human natural cytotoxic from human natural killer cells. | in the present report, we provide evidence for the distinct existence of a human natural cytotoxic (hnc) cell. this hnc cell can be identified by the monoclonal antibody hnc-1a3 and by the absence of the t10 antigen, other antigenic markers being shared, at least in part, with natural killer (nk) cells, t cells, or monocytes. in addition, the hnc cell preferentially kills the ma-160 target, the herpes simplex virus-1-infected ma-160 cell line, and the two human tumor cell lines hep-2 and hf-2. i ... | 1985 | 2932473 |
| circulating immune complexes in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | levels of immune complexes (ics) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) patients were measured using a solid-phase c1q radioimmunoassay. single or serial serum specimens were available from 19 patients, while serial csf specimens were available from two patients. ics isolated from one csf specimen by c1q immobilized to affi-gel were analyzed for measles virus antigens by binding of measles virus-specific antisera and by polyacrylamide gel ... | 1986 | 2943544 |
| [relation between canine morbilli virus infection and the measles antibody titer in patients with multiple sclerosis]. | | 1986 | 2948261 |
| measles virus and mumps virus induce gamma interferon differently in human lymphocyte cultures. | | 1987 | 2951448 |
| [the strength of postvaccinal measles immunity in schoolchildren]. | | 1985 | 2954275 |
| [clinico-laboratory indices of children revaccinated against measles]. | | 1985 | 2954276 |
| [measles epidemiology and the status of specific immunity in novgorod province during a mass immunization]. | | 1985 | 2954277 |
| [epidemiological and immunological assessment of a schedule of prophylactic inoculations]. | the epidemiological and immunological evaluation of two immunization schedules approved by the orders of the ussr ministry of health no. 322 of april 24, 1973, and no. 50 of january 14, 1980, has been made on the basis of the results obtained in the brest region of the byelorussian ssr and in the turkmen ssr. according to these results, the use of the schedule approved by order no. 50 has made it possible to increase the groups of children receiving correct and timely immunization with measles v ... | 1987 | 2954343 |
| [interference between measles and poliomyelitis vaccines]. | | 1987 | 2959295 |
| protection against lethal measles virus infection in mice by immune-stimulating complexes containing the hemagglutinin or fusion protein. | the importance of each of the two surface glycoproteins of measles virus in active and passive immunization was examined in mice. infected-cell lysates were depleted of either the hemagglutinin (h) or fusion (f) glycoprotein by using multiple cycles of immunoaffinity chromatography. the products were used to prepare immune-stimulating complexes (iscoms) containing either f or h glycoprotein. such complexes are highly immunogenic, possibly as a result of effective presentation of viral proteins t ... | 1987 | 2960833 |
| transient disappearance of immunologic disorders and remission after intercurrent measles infections in children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. | in two children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (itp) a transient remission of thrombocytopenia was observed after intercurrent measles infection. both cases were girls who had a long history of thrombocytopenia. during acute measles infection, the delayed hypersensitivity response was suppressed. total t lymphocytes, t-cell subsets, especially okt4 cells, the lymphoproliferative response, and interleukin-2 (il-2) and gamma-interferon production were decreased accompanying norma ... | 1988 | 2969003 |
| [sorbitol-gelatin and glutamic acid-lactose solutions as stabilizers of reference preparations of measles virus]. | | 1988 | 2972297 |
| [epidemiologic effectiveness of mass revaccination against measles]. | the data on the epidemiological effectiveness of the mass booster immunization of students of high schools, as well as professional and technical schools, against measles are presented. booster immunization is considered to be a highly effective antiepidemic measure aimed at decreasing morbidity rate in measles. | 1988 | 2973716 |
| effect of corticoid treatment upon the measles virus-induced leukocyte adherence inhibition. | | 1987 | 2977682 |
| detection of two viral genomes in single cells by double-label hybridization in situ and color microradioautography. | double labeling and color microradioautography were used in a new method of hybridization in situ to identify different genes in individual cells. the method is based on the unequal penetration of 3h and 35s into two layers of nuclear track emulsion separated by a thin barrier film. hybridization of a 35s-labeled probe specific for one kind of gene results in silver grains over cells in both layers of emulsion; a 3h-labeled probe for a second gene provides grains only in the first layer of emuls ... | 1985 | 2981430 |
| growth of defective subacute sclerosing panencephalitis viruses in human neural cells and their neurovirulence in mice. | a defective subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) virus which had been passaged in human embryonic lung cells was transferred to cultures of three neural cell types: neuroblastoma, oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma. the growth characteristics of the virus in these cells were essentially similar to those in non-neural cells. on the other hand, a marked difference in neurovirulence was noticed for the virus grown in neural cells when examined by intracerebral inoculation into mice. the virus ... | 1985 | 2981973 |
| adherent cells suppress measles and herpes simplex i virus-induced blastogenesis of multiple sclerosis lymphocytes. | viral antigen-induced blastogenesis of lymphocytes from multiple sclerosis (ms) patients was investigated to determine if the responses were actively suppressed. we found that depletion of adherent cells increased measles and herpes simplex i virus antigen-induced transformation of ms lymphocytes. addition of indomethacin to cultures of unfractionated ms lymphocytes also caused an increase in viral antigen-induced responses. these two facts, plus finding that the cell type mediating the immunosu ... | 1985 | 2982912 |
| antiviral potency of adenosine analogues: correlation with inhibition of s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. | for a series of adenosine analogues a close correlation (r = 0.986) was found between their antiviral potency (against vesicular stomatitis virus) and their inhibitory effects (ki/km) on s-adenosylhomocysteine (adohcy) hydrolase; thus, in order of increasing inhibitory potency for both virus replication and adohcy hydrolase activity: (s)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine less than (rs)-3-adenin-9-yl-2-hydroxypropanoic acid (isobutyl ester) less than carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine less than neplanocin ... | 1985 | 2988550 |
| enzyme immunoassay versus plaque neutralization and other methods for determination of immune status to measles and varicella-zoster viruses and versus complement fixation for serodiagnosis of infections with those viruses. | results by an enzyme immunoassay method (eia) performed at one serum dilution and results by indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) and hemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests performed at step dilutions were correlated with results by a neutralization test (50% plaque neutralization [pn]) performed at step dilutions on single serum samples for serologic evaluation of immunity status to measles virus. pn results were taken as true indicators of immunity, and the other tests were evaluated on that basi ... | 1985 | 2989325 |
| efficiency of in situ hybridization as a function of probe size and fixation technique. | in an attempt to improve fixation technique for viral rna detection by in situ hybridization, we have quantitatively compared the hybridization signal obtained when measles virus or visna virus infected cell cultures were fixed with eight different fixatives and hybridized with 35s-labeled virus-complementary dna probes of several size ranges. small probes (mean length, 70 bases) gave higher signals than larger probes (mean lengths 140, 350, and 780 bases) with all fixatives. this increase in si ... | 1985 | 2991313 |
| antivirus antibodies in myasthenia gravis. | serum antibodies to influenza a, measles, rubella, cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster, herpes simplex type 1, and mumps have been assayed in 104 patients with myasthenia gravis, grouped according to clinical features plus thymus pathology, and compared with matched controls. no significant differences in incidence or antibody titer were detected. in 37 patients with recent onset of symptoms, the incidence of antibody to coxsackieviruses b1-b6 was less than in controls. juvenile-onset cases also d ... | 1985 | 2991819 |
| a simple method to detect intrathecal production of specific antimeasles antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid during subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | the intrathecal production of antimeasles antibodies was studied using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in eight specimens of serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients with clinical signs of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). the test was performed using a 1:5 dilution of csf and a 1:2000 dilution of serum (ratio 1:400) in order to nullify the physiological gradient of immunoglobulins across the blood brain barrier (bbb). this procedure allowed a rapid and accurate assessme ... | 1985 | 2992867 |
| enhanced intranuclear expression of measles virus following exposure of persistently infected cells to cyclic amp. | the intracellular distribution of measles virus inclusion bodies in persistently infected human cells (av3a1/mv) changed markedly following continuous exposure to 3', 5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp). when assayed by immunofluorescence, the number of cells with intranuclear virus inclusions increased from 5 to 10% to 80 to 90% after exposure to 1 mm-camp for 4 days. exposure of cells to camp also resulted in a twofold increase in the average number of inclusions in invaded nuclei. simila ... | 1985 | 2993491 |
| a survey of serum antibodies to eight common viruses in psychiatric patients. | serum antibody titres to eight neurotropic viruses were measured by enzyme immunoassay in 450 psychiatric in-patients and 143 controls. a seasonal variation in schizophrenic births was observed, with a peak incidence between march and april. both herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus antibody titres correlated with age and, when this was controlled for, no significant differences emerged between any patient group and the controls. mumps antibody titres were significantly lower in patients wit ... | 1985 | 2994791 |
| serum and csf antibody titres to seven common viruses in schizophrenic patients. | csf and matched serum antibody titres to seven common viruses were measured in 20 chronic schizophrenic patients, and 17 of these were age and sex-matched with orthopaedic controls. ct scans were carried out in patients and age and sex-matched radiological controls. there was a trend for csf viral antibody titres (except cmv, hsv and vzv) to be decreased in the patients compared to controls, statistically significant for mumps and igg. the csf/serum ratios showed a reduction in the patients, com ... | 1985 | 2994792 |
| serum free cultivation of lymphoid cells for virus and interferon production. | minor modifications of standard media have given a defined serum free medium for the production of polio virus and measles virus in lymphoblastoid cells and of namalva interferon in lymphoma cells. by usage of slightly modified standard roller equipment in the order of 2 x 10 12tcid-50 of polio virus and 4 x 10(9) iu of interferon can be produced on one roller rack. the produced poliovirus does comply with requirements for inactivated poliovaccine. | 1985 | 2995174 |
| discordance between transferrin receptor expression and susceptibility to lysis by natural killer cells. | expression of the transferrin receptor on target cell lines has recently been implicated as a determinant of susceptibility to cytolysis by natural killer (nk) lymphocytes. we have examined this proposed relationship in several ways. first, k562 (a cell line highly vulnerable to nk lysis) cells were grown for 24 h in the iron chelator desferrioxamine. under these conditions, the cells doubled their surface transferrin receptor expression as determined both by radioligand binding and surface bind ... | 1985 | 2995450 |
| paramyxovirus antigens in osteoclasts from paget's bone tissue detected by monoclonal antibodies. | the fluorescent antibody technique using both monoclonal and specific polyclonal virus antibodies was applied to investigate the nature of the inclusions seen in the abnormal osteoclasts associated with paget's bone disease. the results show that antigens of measles virus, simian virus 5 (sv5) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (pf3) could be detected in the osteoclasts but not in control bone cells. measles and sv5 nucleoprotein (np) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) antigens were apparen ... | 1985 | 2995550 |
| synthesis and biological activity of certain 6-substituted and 2,6-disubstituted 2'-deoxytubercidins prepared via the stereospecific sodium salt glycosylation procedure. | a number of 6-substituted and 2,6-disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosides were prepared by the direct stereospecific sodium salt glycosylation procedure. reaction of the sodium salt of 4-chloro-6-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (6a) or 4,6-dichloro-2-(methylthio)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (6b) with 1-chloro-2-deoxy-3,5-di-o-p-toluoyl-alpha-d-erythro-pentofuranose (9) provided the corresponding n7 2'-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl blocked derivatives (8a and 8c) whi ... | 1985 | 2995666 |
| a viral antigen-bearing cell line derived from culture of paget's bone cells. | this study documents the characteristics of a viral antigen-bearing cell line derived from co-culture of the bone from a 71-year-old woman with paget's disease of bone and hep-2 cells. the cell line has survived in continuous culture for 3 1/2 years and 185 subcultures. the cells are epithelioid in appearance, produce alkaline and acid phosphatase, increase alkaline phosphatase activity in response to 1,25-(oh)2-d3 and contain receptors for 1,25-(oh)2-d3. immunofluorescent studies utilizing anti ... | 1985 | 2996574 |
| specific identification of human papillomavirus type in cervical smears and paraffin sections by in situ hybridization with radioactive probes: a preliminary communication. | cervical papanicolaou smears and paraffin sections of biopsy specimens obtained from women attending dysplasia clinics were examined for viral dna sequences by in situ hybridization technique using 35s-labeled cloned recombinant dna probes of human papillomavirus (hpv) types 6, 11, and 16. these and one unrelated dna probe complementary to measles virus rna were labeled by nick translation using either one or two 35s-labeled nucleotides. the radiolabeled probes were reduced in size with dnase to ... | 1985 | 2997054 |
| nucleotide sequence of the entire protein coding region of canine distemper virus polymerase-associated (p) protein mrna. | the entire coding region of the polymerase-associated (p) protein gene of canine distemper virus has been sequenced. a single cdna clone which represents 98% of the mrna encoding this protein was used to determine the nucleotide sequence. the sequence predicts a major protein of 507 amino acids and a molecular weight of 54 936. there is also a second, overlapping, open reading frame with a start signal 21 bases downstream of the first aug which could code for a protein of 174 amino acids with a ... | 1985 | 3000106 |
| a simple method for increased recovery of purified paramyxovirus virions. | a simple method involving vigorous agitation of infected cell monolayers prior to collection of culture medium is described to greatly increase the recovery of purified virions of measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus and human parainfluenza virus. vigorous agitation of the flasks containing monolayers of infected cells increased the recovery of purified virions by at least 3- to 10-fold as judged by the intensity of [35s]methionine labeled viral proteins on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacry ... | 1985 | 3001119 |
| virus-specific polymeric immunoglobulin a antibodies in serum from patients with rubella, measles, varicella, and herpes zoster virus infections. | more than 85% of the immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies in normal adult serum are monomeric (m-iga). by contrast, virus-specific iga is mainly polymeric (p-iga) in sera from patients with rubella, measles, and varicella. specific m-iga antibodies only reach quantitative significance in late convalescence. in patients with herpes zoster, on the other hand, a varying response was observed: in three of six sera, specific iga was absent or at a very low titer, whereas in the remaining three cases, a ... | 1985 | 3001129 |
| dna-mediated gene transfer efficiency is enhanced by ionizing and ultraviolet irradiation of rodent cells in vitro. i. kinetics of enhancement. | the enhancement effects of ionizing and ultraviolet radiation on the efficiency of dna-mediated gene transfer were studied. the established cell line, rat-2, consists of cells that are density-dependent contact-inhibited and produce flat monolayers in vitro. when these cells are infected with sv40 virus, a small fraction of cells becomes morphologically "transformed" due to the stable expression of the viral a-gene. rat-2 cells are competent for dna-mediated gene transfer, deficient in thymidine ... | 1985 | 3001817 |
| cerebrospinal fluid virus antibodies. a diagnostic indicator for multiple sclerosis? | specific antibody activities (antibody per weight unit igg) of serum and csf against a broad variety of viruses were compared in multiple sclerosis and certain inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, e.g. neurosyphilis, as well as herpes simplex and zoster encephalitis. no "unspecific" antiviral activities within the csf compartment were found in the non-ms diseases. the most frequent antibodies locally produced were directed against measles, rubella and zoster antigens. a diagnosti ... | 1985 | 3003256 |
| rapid diagnosis of viral infections with fluorescent antisera. | viral immunofluorescence tests were performed with commercial antisera on 1046 specimens of respiratory, conjunctival corneal and dermal origin to compare the diagnostic effectiveness of direct examination by immunofluorescence with culture. the fluorescence assays were found to be highly sensitive for respiratory syncytial and measles virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates from children, but less satisfactory for other respiratory viruses. the test detected 38% of the adenovirus positives from conju ... | 1985 | 3005952 |
| [antibodies to measles, smallpox, influenza and arenaviruses in schizophrenic patients]. | the levels of hemagglutinating antibodies to measles, smallpox, influenza viruses and of complement-fixing antibody to lymphocytic choriomeningitis, takaribe, amapari viruses were studied, in the blood sera of 77 schizophrenics and 44 normal donors. the investigation revealed definite differences. the schizophrenic patients had a statistically significant elevation in the titres of anti-smallpox antibodies. a certain increase in levels of antibodies to the measles virus was observed. there were ... | 1986 | 3006408 |
| the predicted primary structure of the measles virus hemagglutinin. | the complete nucleotide sequence of cloned cdnas corresponding to the full length of the mrna encoding the measles virus hemagglutinin (h) protein has been determined. the mrna contains a single large open reading frame which is capable of encoding a protein of 617 amino acids with a molecular mass of 69,250 da. the deduced amino acid structure of the protein indicates that the only major hydrophobic region of sufficient length to anchor the molecule in membranes is located near the amino termin ... | 1986 | 3008420 |
| rapid dot-immunobinding assay on nitrocellulose for viral antibodies. | a procedure is described for the routine laboratory diagnosis of viral serum antibodies. antigens are dotted on nitrocellulose strips or sheets, and sera are applied on absorbent paper strips. antigen-antibody complexes are detected with enzyme-conjugated antiglobulin and development of a colored, insoluble substrate product. the test allows processing of multiple sera in one 3- to 5-h operation and is equal to or more sensitive than serum neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition, and fluores ... | 1986 | 3009525 |
| anti-f(ab')2 antibodies in thrombocytopenic patients at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 22 homosexual or narcotic addict patients at risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) or with aids, were studied for the presence of antiimmunoglobulin antibodies and circulating immune complexes (20 were thrombocytopenic, 6 had aids). circulating immune complex levels were 10-fold higher than levels in normal subjects. igg anti-f(ab')2 antibodies were noted in homosexual as well as narcotic addict patients. of 16 homosexual patients, 7 had igg anti-f(ab')2 antibody of moderate to mark ... | 1986 | 3011860 |
| conserved structures among the nucleocapsid proteins of the paramyxoviridae: complete nucleotide sequence of human parainfluenza virus type 3 np mrna. | the nucleotide sequence of the mrna coding for the nucleocapsid protein (np) of the paramyxovirus, human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3), has been determined. the np mrna was found to contain 1642 bases, excluding poly(a), and encode a protein of 515 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 57,823. amino acid residues 1 through 420 of piv-3 np protein showed extensive sequence homology with the corresponding amino acids of sendai virus nucleocapsid protein. there was virtually no homology betw ... | 1986 | 3012866 |
| susceptibility of endothelial cells derived from different blood vessels to common viruses. | we examined whether endothelial cells derived from different blood vessels vary in their susceptibility to viral infection. five common viral pathogens of humans (herpes simplex 1, measles, mumps, echo 9, and coxsackie b4 viruses) were evaluated for growth in endothelial cells derived from bovine fetal pulmonary artery, thoracic aorta, and vena cava. all five viruses replicated in each type of endothelial cell. there were apparent differences in the quantities of measles and mumps viruses produc ... | 1986 | 3015862 |
| dna restriction fragment length polymorphism of hla-dr2: correlation with hla-dr2-associated functions. | hla-dr2 can be divided into at least 3 distinct hla-d clusters which correlate with structural differences within the hla-d region. further, a functional counterpart of this subdivision has been previously identified. the presence of a particular dr beta 2 polypeptide chain correlated precisely with the susceptibility of measles virus-infected hla-dr2 homozygous typing cell lines to lysis by measles virus-specific, hla class ii-restricted ctl clones. to determine if a genetic basis for these fun ... | 1986 | 3016025 |
| cloning and expression of a viral phosphoprotein: structure suggests vesicular stomatitis virus ns may function by mimicking an rna template. | the phosphoprotein (ns) gene from the indiana serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv; mudd-summers strain) was cloned and sequenced. the ns gene encodes a protein of 265 amino acids which was expressed from a simian virus 40 vector in cos cells. the post-translational modification characteristic of viral ns, the extensive phosphorylation of a cluster of serine and threonine residues, was also evident in recombinant ns protein. the ns gene displays a property common to the phosphoprotein gen ... | 1986 | 3016152 |
| messenger rna encoding the phosphoprotein (p) gene of human parainfluenza virus 3 is bicistronic. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the phosphoprotein (p) mrna of human parainfluenza virus 3 (piv-3) was derived from two cdna clones spanning almost the entire p gene. the mrna, excluding the poly(a) tail, is 2014 nucleotides long and is bicistronic. the first open reading frame (orf) codes for the phosphoprotein (p) of mol wt 68,860. seven nucleotides downstream from the first aug codon, in a +1 reading frame, there is an additional orf which can code for a polypeptide of mol wt 23,266. the ... | 1986 | 3016995 |
| production of specific antibodies by cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes in patients with herpes zoster, mumps meningitis and herpes simplex virus encephalitis. | we applied a new method consisting of short-term culture (18 h) of lymphocytes from cerebrospinal fluid (csf-l) and peripheral blood (pbl) in viral antigen-coated elisa plates and subsequent measurement of igg and igm antibodies bound to antigen. utilizing mumps virus, herpes simplex virus (hsv), varicella zoster virus (vzv), and measles virus as antigens, we demonstrated production by csf-l of antibodies against the aetiological agent only in all patients with mumps meningitis and hsv encephali ... | 1986 | 3018917 |
| detection of mink enteritis virus in mink feces, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hemagglutination, and electron microscopy. | twenty-five mink were inoculated with mink enteritis virus (mev). fecal specimens were collected daily and were simultaneously evaluated for mev antigen by use of a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), hemagglutination (ha), and electron microscopy. results of the evaluations indicated that mev was shed in the feces on postinoculation days 5 and 6. the virus was not detectable by elisa or ha after postinoculation day 6, although viruses were found in reduced numbers by use of electr ... | 1986 | 3021033 |
| role of antecedent mumps and reovirus infections on the development of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. | type 1 diabetes mellitus is thought to derive from organ-specific autoimmune reactions, probably triggered by environmental factors. in view of the possible involvement of mumps virus and reoviruses in the pathogenesis of autoimmune endocrine disease, serum antibody levels to these viruses were measured in newly-diagnosed diabetic patients aged 5 to 25 years and in matched control subjects. diabetic patients showed a significantly lower prevalence and reduced titers of antibodies to mumps and re ... | 1985 | 3021516 |
| viral antibodies in serum and cryoprecipitate of patients with essential mixed and secondary cryoglobulinemia. preliminary results. | antibodies to measles virus, cmv, hsv1, hsv2 and ebv have been tested in 9 patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (emc) and 24 patients with cryoglobulinemia associated with lymphoproliferative, autoimmune or hepatic diseases (secondary cryoglobulinemia, sc). the assays were performed in serum, cryoprecipitate and supernatant by using immunoenzymatic methods. the highest prevalence was observed in the supernatant of both emc and sc patients. antibodies to measles virus show a serum/cryop ... | 1986 | 3024297 |
| alpha-radiation-induced amplification of integrated sv40 sequences is mediated by a trans-acting mechanism. | treatment of chinese hamster embryo cells with alpha irradiation (4 mev, emitted by 241americium) induces a 15-fold amplification of integrated sv40 sequences. the extent of amplification depends on the dose of irradiation and on the presence of a functional t-antigen encoded by the sv40 a gene. the inducing signal can be transmitted to a non-irradiated nucleus following cell fusion. amplification is therefore the result of some trans-acting process, and this could explain how sv40 amplification ... | 1987 | 3025112 |
| sequence analysis of the p and c protein genes of human parainfluenza virus type 3: patterns of amino acid sequence homology among paramyxovirus proteins. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the p + c mrna of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (pf3) was determined by sequencing cdna, viral genomic rna and mrna. the p + c mrna is 2009 nucleotides in length, exclusive of poly(a), and contains two overlapping open reading frames (orfs). the p + c mrna encodes two proteins, the 602 amino acid nucleocapsid phosphoprotein p and the 199 amino acid non-structural protein c. peptide mapping confirmed that the two proteins are unrelated. hybrid-arrest transla ... | 1986 | 3025346 |
| localization and characterization of sendai virus nonstructural c and c' proteins by antibodies against synthetic peptides. | antibodies were raised in rabbits against two synthetic peptides, each 30 residues in length, one corresponding to the predicted common carboxyl termini of the nonstructural c and c' proteins of sendai virus and the other to the unique amino terminus of the larger c protein. each peptide was inoculated as a covalent complex with tetanus toxoid or in uncomplexed form. only antibodies to the free carboxyl-terminal peptide precipitated both c and c' proteins made by in vitro translation of viral mr ... | 1986 | 3026113 |
| cloning and in vitro expression of the measles virus matrix gene. | a cdna library was prepared from vero cells infected with the edmonston strain of measles virus. a number of viral specific cdna clones were isolated and characterized by northern blot hybridization analysis. a cdna clone containing a 1500 base pair insert which hybridizes to a viral specific transcript of approximately 1500 nucleotides was subcloned into psp64 and used as an in vitro transcription template. the resulting rna transcript was translated in a cell-free system, giving rise to a poly ... | 1986 | 3026420 |
| [transient hiv-antibody positive tests in heart transplantation patients after repeated administration of a cmv immune globulin preparation]. | after repeated administration of relatively high doses of a cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin preparation to two patients after heart transplantation, both the elisa and the immuno-blot tests became temporarily positive (for 21 and 41 days, respectively) to hiv antibodies. the cmv immunoglobulin preparation was demonstrated to have high hiv antibody titres. the latter ran parallel to antibody titres against measles virus, also transferred passively with the immunoglobulin preparation. this makes it ... | 1987 | 3026767 |
| the pathogenesis of acute viral encephalitis and postinfectious encephalomyelitis. | japanese encephalitis and postmeasles encephalomyelitis represent two important forms of acute encephalitis in the developing world. japanese encephalitis accounts for 20,000 acute illnesses per year, and measles encephalomyelitis accounts for as many as 100,000. both are accompanied by mortalities of 20%-30%, and in both forms, approximately one-half of the survivors have neurological sequelae. therefore, these two diseases are responsible for a considerable proportion of worldwide mental and m ... | 1987 | 3027198 |
| structure and function of bicistronic rna encoding the phosphoprotein and matrix protein of measles virus. | two independent full-length replicas of a bicistronic rna species containing the complete p and m genes of measles virus arranged in tandem were isolated from an expressible cdna library. sequences at the 5' and 3' termini suggested that the bicistronic rna was initiated and terminated at precisely the same locations as the monocistronic mrnas of the p and m genes, respectively. the p and m cistrons were fused together via an intergenic region which was exactly colinear with and complementary to ... | 1987 | 3027385 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the matrix protein mrna and three intergenic junctions of human parainfluenza virus type 3. | the complete sequence of the gene encoding the matrix protein (m) of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) was determined from cdna clones and from primer extension dideoxy sequencing of the viral genome. the m mrna is 1150 nucleotides in length, exclusive of polyadenylate, and codes for a protein of 353 amino acids, having a calculated molecular weight of 39,480. the m protein of piv-3 was found to have a high degree of sequence homology with that of a closely related paramyxovirus, sendai v ... | 1987 | 3027966 |
| evaluation of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-chickenpox vaccine. | there was neither a difference in the (low) percentage of only harmless side-reactions nor in the rate of sero-conversions (between 95-100%), when groups of 15 to 24 months old children were vaccinated either with the single components or with a combined mmr + chickenpox-vaccine of a high potency. | 1986 | 3030863 |
| the combination measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine in healthy children. | a clinical trial was conducted to compare the combination measles, mumps, rubella, varicella vaccine (mmrv) and the standard measles, mumps, rubella vaccine and subsequent varicella vaccine (mmr + v) in 15 to 17 month old healthy children. both the mmrv and mmr + v schedules stimulated virtually 100% seroconversion for all component viruses. mean antibody titers were similar for each virus component in the two vaccine groups. clinical reactivity post immunization was also similar with 25-29% mor ... | 1986 | 3030864 |
| covalent binding of formalin fixed paraffin embedded brain tissue sections to glass slides suitable for in situ hybridization. | a novel method for covalently binding formalin fixed paraffin embedded (ffpe) tissue sections to glass microscope slides is validated suitable for in situ hybridization (ish). using the organosilane methodology of maples (1985), 100% tissue adhesion is reported with no nonspecific probe binding, staining, or autoradiographic artefacts. jc viral nucleic acid sequences are successfully detected in ffpe progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy brain tissue and the tm of the hybridized product is ... | 1987 | 3031111 |
| a cluster of patients with a chronic mononucleosis-like syndrome. is epstein-barr virus the cause? | a cluster of 134 patients who had undergone epstein-barr virus (ebv) serological testing because of suspected chronic ebv syndrome was investigated in nevada. fifteen case-patients were identified who had severe, persistent fatigue of undetermined etiology for more than two months. when compared with the remaining 119 patients who had less severe illnesses and with 30 age-, sex-, and race-matched control-persons, these 15 patients had significantly higher antibody titers against various componen ... | 1987 | 3033337 |
| viral igm antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis and controls. | serum and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from 28 patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), 14 with other neurological diseases (ond) and 31 control subjects with tension headache were analysed for presence of igm antibodies against measles, mumps and varicellae zoster by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). this technique excluded false positive reaction due to possible presence of rheumatoid factor. twelve of the 28 patients with ms had igm antibodies in serum and 4 in csf, the latter ... | 1987 | 3033976 |
| serological study of rubella-like illnesses. | we investigated 627 patients who within a period of 2 1/2 years had had a rubelliform rash and/or symptoms of arthritis and arthralgia. sera from these patients were investigated for evidence of rubella, human parvovirus b19 (hpv), and measles infection with methods to detect specific igm and igg antibodies. complement fixation tests were used to screen for a wide range of other infectious agents. we detected 229 cases of rubella, 43 cases of hpv infection, 7 cases of measles, and 9 cases of inf ... | 1987 | 3035074 |
| viruses perturb lymphocyte functions: selected principles characterizing virus-induced immunosuppression. | | 1987 | 3036182 |
| rederivation of mhv and mev antibody positive mice by cross-fostering and use of the microisolator caging system. | this study established the feasibility of rederiving numerous mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) and mouse encephalomyelitis virus (mev) antibody positive strains of mice using cross fostering techniques and a new caging system, thus permitting introduction of virus antibody free mice into a barrier facility. serologic status of dams within the nucleus breeding colony was determined, and all mice within the breeding colony were housed in individual microisolator cages. specific pathogen free (spf) fost ... | 1987 | 3037189 |
| homotypic and heterotypic exclusion of vesicular stomatitis virus replication by high levels of recombinant polymerase protein l. | the recombinant polymerase protein l of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) expressed in cos cells is able to transcribe and replicate the viral genome, resulting in complementation of temperature-sensitive polymerase mutants of vsv at the restrictive temperature (m. schubert, g. g. harmison, c. d. richardson, and e. meier, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 82:7984-7988, 1985). here we report that the efficiency of complementation is dependent on the level of l protein expression. unexpectedly, only cells ... | 1987 | 3041035 |
| acute measles in patients with and without neurological involvement: distribution of measles virus antigen and rna. | using peroxidase immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to localize viral antigen and rna, we studied autopsy tissues from 20 cases of acute fatal human measles (including seven patients with acute encephalomyelitis) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 16 patients with acute, nonfatal measles. in immunologically normal patients, virus was detected in five of nine who died five days or less after the onset of rash but in none of 11 who died later. virus was localized to epithelial ... | 1988 | 3042879 |
| expression of bicistronic measles virus p/c mrna by using hybrid adenoviruses: levels of c protein synthesized in vivo are unaffected by the presence or absence of the upstream p initiator codon. | the measles virus (mv) p/c mrna is functionally bicistronic. translation is presumed to initiate at both the first and second 5'-proximal aug codons, leading, respectively, to synthesis of the p and c polypeptides from different overlapping reading frames. to study the function and differential expression of these polypeptides, we have constructed hybrid human adenoviruses capable of expressing high levels of p and c together or of c alone. cloned cdna corresponding to the mv p/c gene was couple ... | 1988 | 3050147 |
| maternally derived measles immunity in children of naturally infected and vaccinated mothers. | | 1988 | 3053223 |
| accentuated antibody response to paramyxoviruses in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | sera from 31 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, representing different clinical stages of hiv infection, were assayed for antibodies against measles and mumps viruses by various serological tests and compared to 23 healthy controls. sera from four patients (two primary, one asymptomatic, and one acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) exhibited a pronounced antibody response to measles as detected by haemagglutination inhibition and radioimmuno-precipitation assay. the ripa-positi ... | 1988 | 3053990 |
| measles virus infection causes expression of class i and class ii mhc antigens in rat brain. | | 1988 | 3061345 |
| high voltage e. coli electro-transformation with dna following ligation. | | 1988 | 3062584 |
| chloroquine treatment of malaria does not increase antibody response to measles vaccination. a controlled study of 580 rural children living in an endemic malaria area. | | 1988 | 3068857 |
| peripheral blood mononuclear cells during natural measles virus infection: cell surface phenotypes and evidence for activation. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 25 patients with measles and 13 patients with other diseases from lima, peru, were studied by immunocytochemical staining for cell surface antigens indicating the type of cell (leu 4, leu 3, t8, b1, m1, or esterase) and the state of cell activation (t10 and il-2 receptor). measles patients were studied during the first 2 weeks of disease and had no alteration in the proportion of cells which were positive for any subset marker or in the ratio of helper/ind ... | 1986 | 3087668 |
| subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: detection of measles virus rna in appendix lymphoid tissue before clinical signs. | an appendix removed 15 days before onset of symptoms of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was examined retrospectively for measles virus ribonucleic acid (rna). tissue sections hybridised in situ to a cloned measles virus probe of deoxyribonucleic acid specific for nucleocapsid protein showed that many cells of the lymphoid tissue contained measles virus rna. in contrast, only a few infected lymphoid cells were detected in three out of six seropositive controls and none in three seronegative i ... | 1986 | 3092900 |
| effect of measles-virus infection and interferon treatment on invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures. | the influence of measles-virus infection on the invasiveness of shigella flexneri in hep2-cell cultures was studied. bacterial invasiveness was significantly enhanced in cell cultures incubated with virus before bacterial inoculation. this effect was a function of time after introduction of virus to the cell cultures and of the concentration of virus. the increase in bacterial invasiveness was observed before production of infectious virus particles and before a cytopathic effect was evident. a ... | 1986 | 3098977 |
| analysis of viral antigens in giant cells of measles pneumonia by immunoperoxidase method. | the localization of measles virus proteins was analyzed by immunoperoxidase method using both monospecific and monoclonal antibodies. in vero cells infected with the edmonston or eb-l strain, the former being a laboratory strain and the latter a fresh isolate from a measles patient, nucleocapsid protein was located in the nuclei, and matrix protein, phosphoprotein, haemagglutinin and fusion protein were located in the cytoplasm. in the lung tissues of eight cases with measles giant cell pneumoni ... | 1986 | 3099456 |
| [immunologic reactivity and arachidonic acid metabolism in patients with multiple sclerosis. study of mononuclear leukocyte adherence inhibition]. | | 1986 | 3100067 |