| the use of a recombinant baculovirus expressing a chitinase from the hard tick haemaphysalis longicornis and its potential application as a bioacaricide for tick control. | baculoviruses are specific insect pathogens used as selective biological insecticides on lepidopteran insects. we have tested a recombinant baculovirus expressing a chitinase gene for its efficacy as a tick bioacaricide. the recombinant autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus expressing a chitinase enzyme (acmnpv-cht1) from the hard tick, haemaphysalis longicornis, was constructed and found to have a novel bioacaricidal effect against ticks. the recombinant baculovirus was use ... | 2006 | 16292677 |
| expression and purification of sea raven type ii antifreeze protein from drosophila melanogaster s2 cells. | we present a system for the expression and purification of recombinant sea raven type ii antifreeze protein, a cysteine-rich, c-type lectin-like globular protein that has proved to be a difficult target for recombinant expression and purification. the cdnas encoding the pro- and mature forms of the sea raven protein were cloned into a modified pmt drosophila expression vector. these constructs produced n-terminally his(6)-tagged pro- and mature forms of the type ii antifreeze protein under the c ... | 2006 | 16330225 |
| multi-peak phenomenon of insect cell infection with baculovirus at low multiplicity of infection. | in this communication we report the infection of armyworm spodoptera frugiperda iplb-sf-21 cells with anticarsia gemmatalis multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus at low multiplicity of infection (moi). the temporal variation of the extra-cellular virus and of the unstained cell was followed. the series of peaks in the virus concentration and the unstained cells count were used in order to infer the dynamic mechanism of the infection at low moi. this mechanism can be used as the basis for the future f ... | 2005 | 16331331 |
| plaque assay of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses in cell culture. | the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of autographa californica has been titrated in spodoptera frugiperda cells by the plaque method, using a solid overlay which does not require either the use of modified culture medium or expensive purified agarose or the addition of culture medium as a liquid layer above the solid agarose. this assay is more sensitive than that using a viscous methyl cellulose overlay but less sensitive than the end-point dilution technique. neither trichoplusia ni nor bombyx mori ... | 1978 | 16345306 |
| sensitivity of the entomogenous fungus beauveria bassiana to selected plant growth regulators and spray additives. | mefluidide was the only one of four plant growth regulators that caused little to no significant inhibition of in vitro germination and growth of the entomogenous fungus beauveria bassiana. silaid, paclobutrazol, and flurprimidol significantly inhibited germination and growth. mortality of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, resulting from b. bassiana was significantly reduced when larvae were exposed to conidia plus soil treated with paclobutrazol. larval mortality resulting from conidia plus ... | 1986 | 16347095 |
| insecticidal activity of a bacterial crystal protein expressed by a recombinant baculovirus in insect cells. | baculoviruses are insect pathogens with a relatively slow speed of action, and this has limited their use as control agents of insect pests. introduction into baculoviruses of genes which code for proteins interfering specifically with insect metabolism or metamorphosis, such as toxins, hormones, and enzymes, may enhance the pathogenicity of these viruses. the complete insecticidal crystal protein gene cryia(b) of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai 7.21 was engineered into the nuclear polyhed ... | 1990 | 16348284 |
| co-occlusion and persistence of a baculovirus mutant lacking the polyhedrin gene. | a co-occlusion process was evaluated as a commercially and ecologically acceptable strategy for the development of genetically improved baculovirus insecticides. coinfection of spodoptera frugiperda (iplb-sf-21) tissue culture cells with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) and an acmnpv mutant (ac-e10) lacking the polyhedrin gene resulted in occlusion of both virus types within polyhedra. the amount of occluded ac-e10 virions in progeny polyhedra populations during serial ... | 1990 | 16348313 |
| the isolation and purification of biologically active recombinant and native autoantigens for the study of autoimmune disease. | the expression of recombinant, biologically active mouse myeloperoxidase (mpd) and the recombinant non-collagenous (nc1) domain of mouse collagen alpha 3 type iv was achieved for the first time in sf21 cells (spodoptera frugiperda ovarian insect cells) using a baculovirus expression system. following purification, the proteins were identified by reducing and non-reducing sds-page electrophoresis. recombinant mouse mpo has a molecular weight of approximately 90 kda and mouse alpha3(iv)nc1 approxi ... | 2006 | 16388818 |
| a bacillus thuringiensis s-layer protein involved in toxicity against epilachna varivestis (coleoptera: coccinellidae). | the use of bacillus thuringiensis as a biopesticide is a viable alternative for insect control since the insecticidal cry proteins produced by these bacteria are highly specific; harmless to humans, vertebrates, and plants; and completely biodegradable. in addition to cry proteins, b. thuringiensis produces a number of extracellular compounds, including s-layer proteins (slp), that contribute to virulence. the s layer is an ordered structure representing a proteinaceous paracrystalline array whi ... | 2006 | 16391064 |
| production of human papillomavirus type 16 l1 virus-like particles by recombinant lactobacillus casei cells. | infections with human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) are closely associated with the development of human cervical carcinoma, which is one of the most common causes of cancer death in women worldwide. at present, the most promising vaccine against hpv-16 infection is based on the l1 major capsid protein, which self-assembles in virus-like particles (vlps). in this work, we used a lactose-inducible system based on the lactobacillus casei lactose operon promoter (plac) for expression of the hpv-1 ... | 2006 | 16391114 |
| acmnpv in permissive, semipermissive, and nonpermissive cell lines from arthropoda. | insect cell lines from arthropoda represented by lepidoptera, coleoptera, diptera, and homoptera were evaluated for their ability to support replication of acmnpv. in addition, some of the cell lines that were refractive to acmnpv were tested with acmnpv hsp70 red, a recombinant carrying the red fluorescent protein (rfp) gene, for their ability to express this protein after inoculation. of the 10 lepidopteran cell lines tested, only three cell lines from helicoverpa zea (bcirl-hz-am1), lymantria ... | 2005 | 16409117 |
| the g12 family of g proteins as a reporter of thromboxane a2 receptor activity. | despite advances in the understanding of pathways regulated by the g12 family of heterotrimeric g proteins, much regarding the engagement of this family by receptors remains unclear. we explore here, using the thromboxane a2 receptor tpalpha, the ability of g12 and g13 to report differences in the potency and efficacy of receptor ligands. we were interested especially in the potential of the isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin f (8-iso-pgf2alpha), among other ligands examined, to activate g12 and g1 ... | 2006 | 16418336 |
| effect of trypsin inhibitor from crotalaria pallida seeds on callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil) and ceratitis capitata (fruit fly). | a proteinaceous trypsin inhibitor was purified from crotalaria pallida seeds by ammonium sulfate precipitation, affinity chromatography on immobilized trypsin-sepharose and tca precipitation. the trypsin inhibitor, named cpati, had m(r) of 32.5 kda as determined by sds-page and was composed of two subunits with 27.7 and 5.6 kda linked by disulfide bridges. cpati was stable at 50 degrees c and lost 40% of activity at 100 degrees c. cpati was also stable from ph 2 to 12 at 37 degrees c. cpati weak ... | 2005 | 16426854 |
| molecular cloning and functional characterization of beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase genes from sf9 cells. | sf9, a cell line derived from the lepidopteran insect, spodoptera frugiperda, is widely used as a host for recombinant glycoprotein expression and purification by baculovirus vectors. previous studies have shown that this cell line has one or more beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase activities that may be involved in the degradation and/or processing of n-glycoprotein glycans. however, these enzymes and their functions remain poorly characterized. therefore, the goal of this study was to isolate beta-n ... | 2006 | 16427309 |
| absorption of toxic beta-glucosides produced by plants and their effect on tissue trehalases from insects. | trehalases present in body wall, malpighian tubules, fat body, midgut and haemolymph from tenebrio molitor (coleoptera), musca domestica (diptera), spodoptera frugiperda and diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera) were assayed in the presence and absence of toxic beta-glucosides produced by plants or their aglycones. the glucosides used were phlorizin, amygdalin, prunasin and the aglycone mandelonitrile. in addition, t. molitor and s. frugiperda trehalases were assayed with and without esculin. more ... | 2006 | 16458033 |
| characterization of an indonesian isolate of paecilomyces reniformis. | an entomopathogenic fungus (indgh 96), identified as paecilomyces reniformis, was isolated from long-horned grasshoppers (orthoptera: tettigoniidae) in sulawesi, indonesia. the phenotypic and molecular data identified the indgh 96 as a p. reniformis. we present the first comprehensive characterization of this species using morphological features, sequencing of the its1-5.8s-its2 region, d1/d2 region of 28s of rdna, and a portion of the tubulin gene, and laboratory bioassays. distinguishing featu ... | 2006 | 16463094 |
| purification and properties of rab3 gep (denn/madd). | rab3a, a member of the rab3 small gtp-binding protein (g protein) family, regulates ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter. rab3a cycles between the gdp-bound inactive and gtp-bound active forms, and the former is converted to the latter by the action of a gdp/gtp exchange protein (gep). we have previously purified a gep from rat brain with lipid-modified rab3a as a substrate. purified rab3 gep is active on all the rab3 subfamily members including rab3a, -3b, -3c, and -3d. purified rab3 ... | 2005 | 16473592 |
| purification and analysis of rin family-novel rab5 gefs. | the small gtpase rab5 plays important roles in membrane budding and trafficking in the early endocytic pathways, and the activation of this gtpase is mediated by several guanine nucleotide exchange factors (gefs) at each of the transport steps. the rin family has been identified as gefs for rab5 and shown to possess unique biochemical properties. the rin family preferentially interacts with an activated form of rab5, although it enhances guanine nucleotide exchange reaction. moreover, biochemica ... | 2005 | 16473594 |
| dual mutations in the autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus fp-25 and p35 genes result in plasma-membrane blebbing in trichoplusia ni cells. | spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) lacking a functional anti-apoptotic p35 protein undergo apoptosis. however, such mutants replicate normally in trichoplusia ni (tn-368) cells. an acmnpv plaque isolate (acdefrt) was identified during propagation of a virus deficient in p35 in tn-368 cells. this virus exhibited enhanced budded-particle formation in tn-368 cells, but was partially defective for polyhedra production in the same cells. vir ... | 2006 | 16476974 |
| construction of hybrib autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis bacmid by modification of p143 helicase. | we developed a new hybrid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv) bacmid capable of infecting spodoptera frugiperda, tricoplusia ni, and bombyx mori, and b. mori cell lines for producing hybrid recombinant baculovirus that can carry a gene of interest and express it in a broad range of hosts. a gfp(uv)-beta1,3-n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 fusion gene was expressed successfully in silkworm larvae using this hybrid bacmid. the hybrid npv bacmid provides an altogether simple and realistically feasibl ... | 2006 | 16478634 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic analysis of adenosine 5'-monophosphate deaminase (ampd) from arabidopsis thaliana in complex with coformycin 5'-phosphate. | adenosine 5'-monophosphate deaminase (ampd) is a eukaryotic enzyme that converts adenosine 5'-monophosphate (amp) to inosine 5'-monophosphate (imp) and ammonia. ampd from arabidopsis thaliana (atampd) was cloned into the baculoviral transfer vector p2bac and co-transfected along with a modified baculoviral genome into spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells. the resulting recombinant baculovirus were plaque-purified, amplified and used to overexpress recombinant atampd. crystals of purified atampd hav ... | 2005 | 16511144 |
| penifulvin a: a sesquiterpenoid-derived metabolite containing a novel dioxa[5,5,5,6]fenestrane ring system from a fungicolous isolate of penicillium griseofulvum. | [structure: see text] penifulvin a (1), a new fungal metabolite with a previously undescribed ring system, has been isolated from cultures of an isolate of penicillium griseofulvum (nrrl 35584) obtained from a white mycelial growth on a dead hardwood branch collected in a hawaiian forest. the structure was assigned by analysis of nmr data and confirmed by single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. penifulvin a (1) shows significant activity in dietary assays against the fall armyworm spodoptera ... | 2006 | 16524309 |
| ethylene signaling mediates a maize defense response to insect herbivory. | the signaling pathways that enable plants to mount defenses against insect herbivores are known to be complex. it was previously demonstrated that the insect-resistant maize (zea mays l.) genotype mp708 accumulates a unique defense cysteine proteinase, mirl-cp, in response to caterpillar feeding. in this study, the role of ethylene in insect defense in mp708 and an insect-susceptible line tx601 was explored. ethylene synthesis was blocked with either cobalt chloride or aminoethoxyvinylglycine. a ... | 2006 | 16529381 |
| activation pathways and signal-mediated upregulation of the insect spodoptera frugiperda caspase-1. | sf-caspase-1 is the most studied effector caspase of lepidoptera. its activation is believed to follow a two-step mechanism: the first step requires cleavage by an initiator caspase at d195 (between the large and small subunits) releasing the c-terminal small subunit. this is blocked by the baculovirus caspase inhibitor p49. the second step removes the n-terminal prodomain by cleavage at d28 to generate the large subunit that is blocked by the baculovirus caspase inhibitor p35. in this study, we ... | 2006 | 16532278 |
| interaction between calcium ions and bacillus thuringiensis toxin activity against sf9 cells (spodoptera frugiperda, lepidoptera). | the effects of calcium ions and modulators of calcium movement on bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein toxicity were investigated with sf9 cells (spodoptera frugiperda, fall armyworm) by a new b. thuringiensis toxicity assay based on measurement of fluorescence of ethidium homodimer, a high-affinity dna stain. cryic toxicity was substantially stimulated by extracellular calcium in a dose-dependent way (in the millimolar range), while toxicity enhancement could not be replicated when calci ... | 1997 | 16535509 |
| a novel method for in vitro radiolabeling and testing enveloped viruses by phosphatidylethanolamine n-methyltransferase and host cell-specific binding. | the present study developed a novel virus labeling and testing method, referred to as an envelope-labeled virus assay (elva), in which virus envelope is labeled in vitro by the action of phosphatidylethanolamine n-methyltransferase (pemt) and tested through a host cell-specific binding. a recombinant strain (vgfpuv) of autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) and spodoptera frugiperda (sf-9) insect cells were used as a model of viruses and host cells, respectively. the ... | 2006 | 16552776 |
| stable rna interference in spodoptera frugiperda cells by a dna vector-based method. | double-stranded rna (dsrna)-mediated interference (rnai) is a powerful tool for silencing of gene expression in many organisms. to establish a dna vector-based method for stable rnai in spodoptera frugiperda cells (sf9), we created a stably transfected sf9 cell line to express large dsrna fragment targeting to silence the firefly luciferase gene (luc). the luc dsrna specifically and stably suppressed the baculovirus-mediated luciferase expression. thus, gene silencing in sf9 cells was achieved u ... | 2006 | 16555012 |
| mode of action of etoxazole. | the mode of action of the 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazoline acaricide/insecticide etoxazole has been argued to be moulting inhibition, but experimental results supporting this hypothesis are lacking. this study investigated the effect of etoxazole on chitin biosynthesis in the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). etoxazole induced moulting defects in fall armyworm larvae similar, if not identical, to those caused by benzoylphenylureas, a well-known class of insecticida ... | 2006 | 16555232 |
| multidrug resistance associated protein 2 mediates transport of prostaglandin e2. | inactivation of prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) in the liver is a rapid process and occurs mainly through beta-oxidation in the peroxisome of the hepatocyte. biliary excretion of pge(2) is also a means of elimination from the liver. we investigated the role of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (mrp2) in the transport of pge(2). | 2006 | 16584400 |
| effects of conditioned medium factors and passage number on sf9 cell physiology and productivity. | the effects of conditioned medium (cm) and passage number on spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cell physiology and productivity have been studied. low passage (lp) cells at passages 20-45 were compared to high passage (hp) cells at passages >100. addition of 20% cm or 10 kda filtrated cm to lp cells promoted growth. lp cells passed a switch in growth kinetics, characterized by a shorter lag phase and a higher growth rate, after 30-40 passages. after this point, cm lost its stimulating effect on prolifer ... | 2006 | 16599552 |
| single-step purification of full-length human androgen receptor. | the full-length human androgen receptor with an n-terminal biotin acceptor peptide tag was overexpressed in spodoptera frugiperda cells in the presence of 1 microm dihydrotestosterone. site-specific biotinylation of bap was achieved in vivo by co-expression of e. coli biotin holoenzyme synthetase. the androgen receptor was purified by single-step affinity chromatography using streptavidin mutein matrix under native conditions. the resultant protein was active, stable, 95% homogeneous, and we obt ... | 2005 | 16604169 |
| expression of bioactive recombinant bovine interferon-gamma using baculovirus. | the precise role of bovine interferon-gamma (boifn-gamma) in disease and therapy is still poorly defined. clearly it is involved in defence against parasites, bacteria, viruses and possibly tumor cells. this paper reports the expression of boifn-gamma in a baculovirus system to generate a fully functional recombinant protein. bovine interferon-gamma cdna was cloned from mitogen stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) rna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( ... | 2006 | 16608121 |
| secretion of human glucocerebrosidase from stable transformed insect cells using native signal sequences. | the lysosomal hydrolase, glucocerebrosidase (gba), catalyses the penultimate step in the breakdown of membrane glycosphingolipids. an inherited deficiency of this enzyme activity leads to the onset of gaucher disease, the most common lysosomal storage disorder. affected individuals range from adults with hepatosplenomegaly, haematological complications, and bone pain (type 1 disease) to children and neonates with severe neuronopathy leading to neurological degradation and premature death (type 2 ... | 2006 | 16609695 |
| replication of heliothis virescens ascovirus in insect cell lines. | ascoviruses (avs) infect larvae of various insect pests belonging to the family noctuidae. the result of av infection in the hosts is cleavage of infected cells into vesicles, a unique feature of av infection. since insect cell lines facilitate the study of virus life cycles, attempts were made to analyze heliothis virescens av (hvav3e) infection in several cell lines and compare cell pathology to larval infection. in this study, replication and cytopathological effects of hvav3e on four differe ... | 2006 | 16609815 |
| dynamics of deletion genotypes in an experimental insect virus population. | defective viruses, that are deficient in certain essential genes, are maintained in the population by trans-complementation, exploiting the gene products of complete genotypes in co-infected cells. this process becomes prevalent only when cells are frequently infected by several virus particles, and only then will the fitness of defective viruses be subjected to frequency-dependent selection. deletion variants that are not infectious per os are present in a multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (sfmn ... | 2006 | 16618670 |
| tmp21 is a presenilin complex component that modulates gamma-secretase but not epsilon-secretase activity. | the presenilin proteins (ps1 and ps2) and their interacting partners nicastrin, aph-1 (refs 4, 5) and pen-2 (ref. 5) form a series of high-molecular-mass, membrane-bound protein complexes that are necessary for gamma-secretase and epsilon-secretase cleavage of selected type 1 transmembrane proteins, including the amyloid precursor protein, notch and cadherins. modest cleavage activity can be generated by reconstituting these four proteins in yeast and spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells. however, ... | 2006 | 16641999 |
| highly conserved piggybac elements in noctuid species of lepidoptera. | the piggybac transposable element was originally discovered in a trichoplusia ni cell line and nearly identical elements were subsequently discovered in the tephritid fly, bactrocera dorsalis. this suggested the existence of piggybac in additional insects and this study shows highly conserved, though not identical, piggybac sequences in the noctuid species heliocoverpa armigera, h. zea, and spodoptera frugiperda, as well as new piggybac sequences from the t. ni organismal genome. genomic piggyba ... | 2006 | 16651189 |
| vitamin k epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (vkorc1): the key protein of the vitamin k cycle. | vitamin k epoxide, a by-product of the carboxylation of blood coagulation factors, is reduced to vitamin k by an enzymatic system possessing vitamin k epoxide reductase (vkor) activity. this system is the target of coumarin-derived drugs widely used in thrombosis therapy and prophylaxis. recently, the key protein of the vkor system has been identified. the human vkorc1 gene maps to chromosome 16 and consists of 3 exons encoding a 163-amino acid integral er membrane protein with three or four pre ... | 2006 | 16677080 |
| purification, characterization, and cloning of a spodoptera frugiperda sf9 beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase that hydrolyzes terminal n-acetylglucosamine on the n-glycan core. | paucimannosidic glycans are often predominant in n-glycans produced by insect cells. however, a beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase responsible for the generation of paucimannosidic glycans in lepidopteran insect cells has not been identified. we report the purification of a beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase from the culture medium of spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cells (sfhex). the purified sfhex protein showed 10 times higher activity for a terminal n-acetylglucosamine on the n-glycan core compared with tri-n-a ... | 2006 | 16684772 |
| molecular variability of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations associated to maize and cotton crops in brazil. | the molecular variability among 10 populations of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), collected from maize, zea mays l., or cotton gossypium hirsutum l. crops located at distinctive geographical regions in brazil, was assessed through random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd)-polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in total, 208 rapd markers were evaluated, and 98% of them were polymorphic. the mean genetic similarity was 0.6621 and 0.2499 by the simple matching and jaccard matrices, respectively. ... | 2006 | 16686155 |
| lepidopteran ortholog of drosophila breathless is a receptor for the baculovirus fibroblast growth factor. | the bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (bmnpv) encodes a gene homologous to the mammalian fibroblast growth factor (fgf) family. we report the cloning of b. mori and spodoptera frugiperda orthologous genes (bmbtl and sfbtl, respectively) of drosophila melanogaster breathless (btl) encoding a receptor for branchless/fgf and show that these genes encode the receptor for a baculovirus-encoded fgf (vfgf). sequence analysis showed that bmbtl is composed of 856 amino acid residues, which potentially enc ... | 2006 | 16699027 |
| expression of active alpha-n-acetylglucosaminidase/tat chimerae in cultured spodoptera frugiperda cells. | we examined the production and secretion of fusion constructs containing alpha-n-acetylglucosaminidase, the enzyme deficient in sanfilippo b, and either wildtype tat or modified tat in cultured spodoptera frugiperda cells. all constructs exhibited successful expression of active enzyme, suggesting the future possibility of utilizing tat/alpha-n-acetylglucosaminidase chimerae in enzyme replacement therapy. | 2006 | 16712510 |
| importin-alpha-16 is a translocon-associated protein involved in sorting membrane proteins to the nuclear envelope. | a viral inner nuclear membrane-sorting motif sequence (inm-sm) was used to identify proteins that recognize integral membrane proteins destined for the inm. herein we describe importin-alpha-16, a membrane-associated isoform of spodoptera frugiperda importin-alpha that contains the c-terminal amino acid residues comprising armadillo helical-repeat domains 7-10. in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) membrane, importin-alpha-16 is adjacent to the translocon protein sec61alpha. importin-alpha-16 cross- ... | 2006 | 16715095 |
| fragments of atp synthase mediate plant perception of insect attack. | plants can perceive a wide range of biotic attackers and respond with targeted induced defenses. specificity in plant non-self-recognition occurs either directly by perception of pest-derived elicitors or indirectly through resistance protein recognition of host targets that are inappropriately proteolyzed. indirect plant perception can occur during interactions with pathogens, yet evidence for analogous events mediating the detection of insect herbivores remains elusive. here we report indirect ... | 2006 | 16720701 |
| insecticidal activity of synthetic amides on spodoptera frugiperda. | the phytochemistry of the genus piper (piperaceae) has been widely studied due to the biological properties of amides from these plants. in this work, we have synthesized and evaluated the toxic effect of 11 amides against the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda larvae. the naturally occurring piperine was also evaluated. the most active amide was n-[3-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-(e)-propenoyl]piperidine with a ld50 of 1.07 microg mg(-1) larvae. this amide was also evaluated by ingestion. | 2006 | 16729577 |
| expression, purification, and structural prediction of the ets transcription factor erm. | the pea3 group within the ets family comprises pea3, er81, and erm, three transcription factors of about 500 residues. these factors are highly conserved in their ets dna-binding domain and in their two transcriptional activation domains. they are involved in many developmental processes and regulate cancer development via metastasis, as in the case of some breast tumors. here, we describe the oversynthesis of human erm from a baculovirus expression vector in spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells, a ... | 2006 | 16730909 |
| functional analysis of the allatostatin-a type gene in the cricket gryllus bimaculatus and the armyworm spodoptera frugiperda. | double-stranded rna (dsrna) gene interference is an efficient method to silence gene expression in a sequence specific manner. here we show, that dsrna targeting the allatostatin (as)-a type (fgl/i/v-amide) gene of gryllus bimaculatus (ensifera, gryllidae) and spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera, noctuidae) injected into freshly moulted larvae or adult crickets and moths produced a rapid and long-lasting reduction in the mrna levels in various tissues. the effect lasted up to 7 days. following ds ... | 2006 | 16731345 |
| isolation, identification, synthesis, and field evaluation of the sex pheromone of the brazilian population of spodoptera frugiperda. | several studies have shown intraspecific geographical variation in the composition of sex pheromones. pheromone lures from north america and europe were not effective against the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (smith, 1797) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in brazil, so we examined the composition of the sex pheromone produced by females from brazilian populations. virgin female gland extracts contained (z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (z7-12:ac), (e)-7-dodecenyl acetate (e7-12:ac), dodecyl acetate, (z)-9-d ... | 2006 | 16739025 |
| application of 13c-[2] - and 13c-[1,2] acetate in metabolic labelling studies of yeast and insect cells. | the advantage of using 13c-labelled glucose in metabolic studies is that it is an important carbon and energy source for almost all biotechnologically and medically important organisms. on the other hand, the disadvantage is its relatively high cost in the labelling experiments. looking for cheaper alternatives we found that 13c-[2] acetate or 13c-[1,2] acetate is a prospective compound for such experiments. acetate is well incorporated by many organisms, including mammalian and insect cell cult ... | 2006 | 16779638 |
| members of the hyposoter didymator ichnovirus repeat element gene family are differentially expressed in spodoptera frugiperda. | the abundance and the conservation of the repeated element (rep) genes in ichnoviruses genomes suggest that this gene family plays an important role in viral cycles. in the ichnovirus associated with the wasp hyposoter didymator, named hdiv, 10 rep genes were identified to date. in this work, we report a relative quantitative transcription study of these hdiv rep genes in several tissues of the lepidopteran host spodoptera frugiperda as well as in the h. didymator wasps. | 2006 | 16784535 |
| genetic analysis of a baculovirus, autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus i. isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants and assortment into complementation groups. | temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants were isolated from the baculovirus autographa californica (alfalfa looper) mnpv, grown in spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) cells in the presence of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. of 567 plaque isolates screened, 27 were temperature sensitive (ts), representing a mutation frequency of 4.8%. ten ts mutants were studied in detail: six failed to yield nonoccluded virus at 33 degrees c (nov mutants), whereas the other four produced nonoccluded virus but ... | 1979 | 16789180 |
| characterization of an extremely basic protein derived from granulosis virus nucleocapsids. | nucleocapsids were isolated from purified enveloped nucleocapsids of plodia interpunctella granulosis virus by treatment with nonidet p-40. when analyzed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, the nucleocapsids consisted of eight polypeptides. one of these, a major component with a molecular weight of 12,500 (vp12), was selectively extracted from the nucleocapsids with 0.25 m sulfuric acid. its electrophoretic mobility on acetic acid-urea gels was intermediate to that of cellular histone ... | 1980 | 16789190 |
| alpha-amanitin-resistant viral rna synthesis in nuclei isolated from nuclear polyhedrosis virus-infected heliothis zea larvae and spodoptera frugiperda cells. | [(3)h]rna was synthesized in nuclei isolated at various times postinfection from the fat bodies of heliothis zea larvae infected with h. zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus and from cultured spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. to detect virus-specific rna synthesis, the [(3)h]rna was hybridized to denatured viral dna immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. nuclear polyhedrosis virus-specific rna synthesis in the infected nuclei isolated from h. ... | 1981 | 16789208 |
| spodoptera frugiperda nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome: physical maps for restriction endonucleases bamhi and hindiii. | the physical map for the genome of spodoptera frugiperda nuclear polyhedrosis virus was constructed for restriction endonucleases bamhi and hindiii. the ordering of the restriction fragments was accomplished by cross-blot hybridization of bamhi, hindiii, and ecori fragments. the alignment of the hindiii fragments within the bamhi map was achieved by double digestion with the two restriction endonucleases followed by cross-blot hybridization. the results showed that the viral genome consisted of ... | 1981 | 16789209 |
| capping of viral rna in cultured spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. | viral rna from fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus contains cap structures. most of the cap labeled in vivo with [(3)h]methionine or (32)p(i) cochromatographed on deae-cellulose with the -5 charge marker; a minor component appeared at -4 net charge. the former is probably a cap 1 structure (m(7)gpppx(m) (p)yp), and the latter is probably a cap 0 (m(7)gpppxp). on the basis of relative labeling of the two caps with [(3)h]adeno ... | 1982 | 16789227 |
| in vitro translation of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus early and late mrnas. | a preliminary translational map of the autographa californica genome was constructed. eighteen viral dna restriction fragments were either purified from agarose gels or obtained from pbr322 recombinant dna plasmids to locate specific gene products. the dnas were immobilized on nitrocellulose filters and used to select viral mrnas isolated from rna obtained from the cytoplasm of infected spodoptera frugiperda cells at 21 h postinfection. the fragment-specific mrnas were translated in vitro in the ... | 1982 | 16789231 |
| analysis of the spodoptera frugiperda nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome by restriction endonucleases and electron microscopy. | restriction endonuclease analysis was used to differentiate between four strains of spodoptera frugiperda nuclear polyhedrosis virus from different geographical areas. in addition, partial denaturation was performed, and a partial denaturation map was constructed for the ohio strain of this virus. | 1982 | 16789233 |
| molecular engineering of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome: deletion mutations within the polyhedrin gene. | we describe a method to introduce site-specific mutations into the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. specifically, the a. californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus gene for polyhedrin, the major protein that forms viral occlusions in infected cells, was mutagenized by introducing deletions into the cloned dna fragment containing the gene. the mutagenized polyhedrin gene was transferred to the intact viral dna by mixing fragment and viral dnas, cotransfecting spodoptera fr ... | 1983 | 16789242 |
| viral transcription during autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus infection: a novel rna polymerase induced in infected spodoptera frugiperda cells. | autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus-specific rna synthesis in isolated nuclei of spodoptera frugiperda cells in culture was monitored at different times postinfection. up to 8 h postinfection viral rna synthesis remained sensitive to 5 mug of alpha-amanitin per ml. during the course of infection this sensitivity decreased, and at 24 h postinfection rna synthesis was completely resistant to alpha-amanitin. deae-sephadex profiles of rna polymerase isolated at 24 h postinfection showe ... | 1983 | 16789246 |
| gene expression profiling of spodoptera frugiperda hemocytes and fat body using cdna microarray reveals polydnavirus-associated variations in lepidopteran host genes transcript levels. | genomic approaches provide unique opportunities to study interactions of insects with their pathogens. we developed a cdna microarray to analyze the gene transcription profile of the lepidopteran pest spodoptera frugiperda in response to injection of the polydnavirus hdiv associated with the ichneumonid wasp hyposoter didymator. polydnaviruses are associated with parasitic ichneumonoid wasps and are required for their development within the lepidopteran host, in which they act as potent immunosu ... | 2006 | 16790040 |
| musidunin and musiduol, insect antifeedants from croton jatrophoides. | two novel limonoids, musidunin (1) and musiduol (2), were isolated from a methanol extract of croton jatrophoides by bioassay-guided fractionation. their structures were established by extensive nmr experiments. interestingly, a,b-seco limonoid 1 contains a unique acetal annulation of a, a', and b' rings. both limonoids exhibited antifeedant activities against two pests, pectinophora gossypiella and spodoptera frugiperda. | 2006 | 16792423 |
| spodobase: an est database for the lepidopteran crop pest spodoptera. | the lepidoptera spodoptera frugiperda is a pest which causes widespread economic damage on a variety of crop plants. it is also well known through its famous sf9 cell line which is used for numerous heterologous protein productions. species of the spodoptera genus are used as model for pesticide resistance and to study virus host interactions. a genomic approach is now a critical step for further new developments in biology and pathology of these insects, and the results of ests sequencing effor ... | 2006 | 16796757 |
| new restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the cytochrome oxidase i gene facilitate host strain identification of fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations in the southeastern united states. | several restriction sites in the cytochrome oxidase i gene of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), were identified by sequence analysis as potentially being specific to one of the two host strains. strain specificity was demonstrated for populations in florida, texas, mississippi, georgia, and north carolina, with an acii and saci site specific to the rice (oryjza spp.)-strain and a bsmi and hinfi site joining an already characterized mspi site as diagnostic of the corn (zea mays l ... | 2006 | 16813297 |
| improved native uv laser induced fluorescence detection for single cell analysis in poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices. | single cell analytics is a key method in the framework of proteom research allowing analyses, which are not subjected to ensemble-averaging, cell-cycle or heterogeneous cell-population effects. our previous studies on single cell analysis in poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices with native label-free laser induced fluorescence detection [w. hellmich, c. pelargus, k. leffhalm, a. ros, d. anselmetti, electrophoresis 26 (2005) 3689] were extended in order to improve separation efficiency and ... | 2006 | 16814305 |
| diversity of bacillus thuringiensis strains in the maize and bean phylloplane and their respective soils in colombia. | to evaluate the distribution of bacillus thuringiensis strains from maize and bean phylloplane and their respective soils. | 2006 | 16834598 |
| development and cardiac contractility: cardiac troponin t isoforms and cytosolic calcium in rabbit. | cardiac contractility depends on calcium sensitivity of the myofilaments and cytosolic free calcium concentration ([ca(2+)](i)) during activation. during development, the cardiac troponin t isoform ctnt(1) is replaced by shorter ctnt isoforms, including ctnt(4), and changes occur in other myofibrillar proteins and in calcium regulation. we expressed rabbit recombinant (r)ctnt(1) and rctnt(4) in spodoptera frugiperda cells and determined their effect on calcium binding to tnc in solution and on t ... | 2006 | 16857772 |
| sequence and organization of the trichoplusia ni ascovirus 2c (ascoviridae) genome. | the complete trichoplusia ni ascovirus 2c (tnav-2c) genome sequence was determined. the circular genome contains 174,059 bp with 165 open reading frames (orfs) of greater than 180 bp and two major homologous regions (hrs). the genome is quite a+t rich at 64.6%. fifty-four orfs had homologues in other insect viruses, such as ascoviruses, iridoviruses, baculoviruses and entomopoxviruses; 30 orfs showed low identities with those from different parasitic protozoa and 12 orfs were unique to tnav-2c. ... | 2006 | 16876847 |
| identification of transmembrane domain of a membrane associated protein ns5 of dendrolimus punctatus cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus. | we examined the intracellular localization of ns5 protein of dendrolimus punctatus cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (dpcpv) by expressing ns5-gfp fusion protein and proteins from deletion mutants of ns5 in baculovirus recombinant infected insect spodoptera frugiperda (sf-9) cells. it was found that the ns5 protein was present at the plasma membrane of the cells, and that the n-terminal portion of the protein played a key role in the localization. a transmembrane region was identified to be present ... | 2006 | 16889685 |
| attraction of spodoptera frugiperda larvae to volatiles from herbivore-damaged maize seedlings. | plants respond to insect attack with the induction of volatiles that function as indirect plant defenses through the attraction of natural enemies to the herbivores. despite the fact that volatiles are induced in response to caterpillar attack, their reciprocal effects on the host location behaviors of the same foraging herbivores are poorly understood. we examined orientation responses of sixth instar fall armyworm [faw; spodoptera frugiperda (smith)] to odors from herbivore-damaged and undamag ... | 2006 | 16902828 |
| cloning of heat shock protein genes (hsp90 and hsc70) and their expression during larval diapause and cold tolerance acquisition in the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker. | the complete cdna sequences of heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) and of heat shock cognate protein 70 (hsc70) were cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker. they potentially encode a 717-amino-acids (hsp90) and a 652-amino-acids (hsc70) protein, with calculated molecular weight of 82.5 and 71.3 kda, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequence of hsp90 showed the highest homology of 97.2% to spodoptera frugiperda hsp90. the closes ... | 2006 | 16921518 |
| genetic variability of spodoptera frugiperda smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations from latin america is associated with variations in susceptibility to bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins. | bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from latin american soil samples that showed toxicity against three spodoptera frugiperda populations from different geographical areas (mexico, colombia, and brazil) were characterized on the basis of their insecticidal activity, crystal morphology, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of parasporal crystals, plasmid profiles, and cry gene content. we found that the different s. frugiperda populations display different susceptibilitie ... | 2006 | 16936049 |
| importance of host plant species, neotyphodium endophyte isolate, and alkaloids on feeding by spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae. | three grass host species--tall fescue, festuca arundinacea schreber; meadow fescue, festuca pratensis hudson; and perennial ryegrass, lolium perenne l.--each infected with a number of different neotyphodium endophyte isolates, were investigated for their effects on fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith). alkaloid profiles varied among associations. choice and no-choice tests comparing feeding and early development of s. frugiperda larvae on endophyte-infected and endophyte-free leaf b ... | 2006 | 16937705 |
| infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus i. synthesis of intracellular proteins after virus infection. | the replication of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) in spodoptera frugiperda cells in culture has been studied with different methods. the first virus-induced polypeptides (with molecular weights of 46k, 30k, 29k) in infected cells appeared at 3 hr postinfection. viral dna synthesis started at about 5 hr postinfection. by electron microscopy, intranuclear nucleocapsids were detected at 10 hr postinfection and at about the same time, the titer of intracellular infectious ... | 1979 | 16945842 |
| infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus ii. the viral dna and the kinetics of its replication. | the kinetics of replication of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) dna in spodoptera frugiperda cells in culture were studied. viral dna replication started at about 5 hr postinfection, the rate of viral dna replication reached a maximum at about 18 hr postinfection and thereafter decreased. parental viral dna could be detected within the first hour postinfection in the total intracellular dna by the southern technique. there was no evidence for the occurrence of acnpv dna ... | 1979 | 16945843 |
| infectious dna from autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. | cells from the lepidopteran spodoptera frugiperda can be successfully transfected in culture with the dna from autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv). the calcium chloride precipitation procedure has been used in conjunction with dimethyl sulfoxide treatment of the transfected cells. the highest specific infectivity observed was 6.1 x 10(4) pfu/mug of acnpv dna. as judged from a comparison of the restriction patterns of viral dna preparations, the virus produced in transfectio ... | 1980 | 16945844 |
| atp-binding and -hydrolysis activities of aldp (abcd1) and aldrp (abcd2), human peroxisomal abc proteins, overexpressed in sf21 cells. | the peroxisomal atp-binding cassette (abc) proteins, adrenoleukodystrophy protein (aldp, abcd1) and ald-related protein (aldrp, abcd2), were expressed in spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cells using a baculovirus-mediated expression system. immunoelectron microscopy and subcellular fractionation revealed that the overexpressed aldp was distributed in various subcellular organelles including mitochondria, nucleus and peroxisomes. the aldp was not extractable with na(2)co(3) treatment, sugge ... | 2006 | 16946495 |
| impact of spray application methodology on the development of resistance to cypermethrin and spinosad by fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (je smith). | the development of resistance to an insecticide under various types of application method has yet to be reported in the literature. five fall armyworm spodoptera armigera (je smith) colonies were reared in a chamber for ten generations before starting topical application bioassays. from each colony, 200-500 third-fourth-instar larvae were fed for 72 h on corn plants sprayed with cypermethrin or spinosad at minimum application rate (20 g ha(-1)) using a small droplet size nozzle xr8001vs (volume ... | 2006 | 16953490 |
| bioactivity of extracts and isolated compounds from vitex polygama (verbenaceae) and siphoneugena densiflora (myrtaceae) against spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the effects of crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from vitex polygama cham. and siphoneugena densiflora berg were evaluated on the development of spodoptera frugiperda je smith, a destructive insect pest of corn and several other crops. the extracts and fractions were incorporated into an artificial diet at 1 mg g(-1) and offered to the insect during its larval stage. length and viability of larval and pupal stages as well as pupal weight were assessed. isolated compounds were test ... | 2006 | 16953496 |
| autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus nucleocapsid assembly is interrupted upon deletion of the 38k gene. | 38k (ac98) of autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) is a highly conserved baculovirus gene whose function is unknown. to determine the role of 38k in the baculovirus life cycle, a 38k knockout bacmid containing the acmnpv genome was generated through homologous recombination in escherichia coli. furthermore, a 38k repair bacmid was constructed by transposing the 38k open reading frame with its native promoter region into the polyhedrin locus of the 38k knockout bacmid. af ... | 2006 | 16987976 |
| genomic sequence of spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus 1a, an enveloped, double-stranded dna insect virus that manipulates apoptosis for viral reproduction. | ascoviruses (family ascoviridae) are double-stranded dna viruses with circular genomes that attack lepidopterans, where they produce large, enveloped virions, 150 by 400 nm, and cause a chronic, fatal disease with a cytopathology resembling that of apoptosis. after infection, host cell dna is degraded, the nucleus fragments, and the cell then cleaves into large virion-containing vesicles. these vesicles and virions circulate in the hemolymph, where they are acquired by parasitic wasps during ovi ... | 2006 | 16987980 |
| purification and membrane reconstitution of catalytically active menkes copper-transporting p-type atpase (mnk; atp7a). | the mnk (menkes disease protein; atp7a) is a major copper- transporting p-type atpase involved in the delivery of copper to cuproenzymes in the secretory pathway and the efflux of excess copper from extrahepatic tissues. mutations in the mnk (atp7a) gene result in menkes disease, a fatal neurodegenerative copper deficiency disorder. currently, detailed biochemical and biophysical analyses of mnk to better understand its mechanisms of copper transport are not possible due to the lack of purified ... | 2007 | 17009961 |
| the 5' non-translated region of varroa destructor virus 1 (genus iflavirus): structure prediction and ires activity in lymantria dispar cells. | structure prediction of the 5' non-translated region (ntr) of four iflavirus rnas revealed two types of potential internal ribosome entry site (ires), which are discriminated by size and level of complexity, in this group of viruses. in contrast to the intergenic ires of dicistroviruses, the potential 5' ires structures of iflaviruses do not have pseudoknots. to test the activity of one of these, a bicistronic construct was made in which the 5' ntr of varroa destructor virus 1 (vdv-1) containing ... | 2006 | 17030876 |
| the effect of low ph on breast cancer resistance protein (abcg2)-mediated transport of methotrexate, 7-hydroxymethotrexate, methotrexate diglutamate, folic acid, mitoxantrone, topotecan, and resveratrol in in vitro drug transport models. | some cellular uptake systems for (anti)folates function optimally at acidic ph. we have tested whether this also applies to efflux from cells by breast cancer resistance protein (bcrp; abcg2), which has been reported to transport folic acid, methotrexate, and methotrexate di- and triglutamate at physiological ph. using spodoptera frugiperda-bcrp membrane vesicles, we showed that the atp-dependent vesicular transport of 1 mum methotrexate by bcrp is 5-fold higher at ph 5.5 than at physiological p ... | 2007 | 17032904 |
| analysis and functional annotation of expressed sequence tags from the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda. | little is known about the genome sequences of lepidopteran insects, although this group of insects has been studied extensively in the fields of endocrinology, development, immunity, and pathogen-host interactions. in addition, cell lines derived from spodoptera frugiperda and other lepidopteran insects are routinely used for baculovirus foreign gene expression. this study reports the results of an expressed sequence tag (est) sequencing project in cells from the lepidopteran insect s. frugiperd ... | 2006 | 17052344 |
| primary recovery and chromatographic purification of adeno-associated virus type 2 produced by baculovirus/insect cell system. | adeno-associated virus (aav) is making its place in gene therapy applications; however, the industry is still facing obstacles in producing a large quantity of highly purified material for clinical studies. insect cell technology can be used to produce aav to meet the current demand. during the purification process it was observed that there was a reduced recovery of aav produced in insect cells, spodoptera frugiperda (sf9). it was assumed that the formation of aav agglomerates and the interacti ... | 2007 | 17055590 |
| effects of bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, on bile salt export pump and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2. | the bile salt export pump (bsep/bsep/abcb11) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (mrp2/mrp2/abcc2) are involved in bile acid-dependent and -independent bile secretion, respectively. it has been reported that bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, inhibits bsep, which may lead to cholestatic liver injury due to the intracellular accumulation of bile salts, while increasing bile salt-independent bile flow. thus, in this study, the effects of bosentan on bsep/bsep and mrp2/mrp2 were ... | 2007 | 17061295 |
| functional response of the tiger beetle megacephala carolina carolina (coleoptera: carabidae) on twolined spittlebug (hemiptera: cercopidae) and fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the functional response of the tiger beetle megacephala carolina carolina l. (coleoptera: carabidae) was determined on adult twolined spittlebug, prosapia bicincta (say) (hemiptera: cercopidae), and fourth instars of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), in single-prey and two-prey systems. in the laboratory, m. carolina carolina demonstrated a type ii functional response for p. bicincta and s. frugiperda in both single- and two-prey systems. search efficien ... | 2006 | 17066786 |
| directional and direct cloning strategy for high-throughput generation of recombinant baculoviruses. | the baculovirus expression vector system (bevs) has become one of the most widely used systems for routine protein expression. we have developed an improved strategy to clone foreign genes directionally and directly into the baculovirus genome vector via a one-step procedure to generate recombinant viruses in a week. in this work, we constructed a host strain escherichia coli dh10bachb1.1, which contains the modified baculovirus shuttle genome vector phbmbacmid1.1 for the cloning vector. the tre ... | 2006 | 17068961 |
| lack of cross-resistance to indoxacarb in insecticide-resistant spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae). | two field strains of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (je smith), collected from corn in north florida showed high resistance to carbaryl (626- and 1159-fold) and moderate resistance to parathion-methyl (30- and 39-fold) as compared with a laboratory susceptible strain. a field strain of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) collected from cabbage in north florida and selected for 20 generations with permethrin showed high resistance to permethrin (987-fold) as compared with a s ... | 2007 | 17089332 |
| sequential sampling protocols for spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae), on zea mays fields: influence of sampling unit size. | spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) is a major pest in maize fields in argentina. however, a sampling method that accounts for spatial pattern and allows reliable pest density estimations is still lacking. this paper addresses the issue of how sampling unit size can influence the characterization of s. frugiperda spatial pattern and the performance of sampling plans. an intensive sampling programme for s. frugiperda larvae was carried out in maize fields from october until march in four growing s ... | 2006 | 17092358 |
| characterization of chimeric bacillus thuringiensis vip3 toxins. | bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal proteins (vip) are potential alternatives for b. thuringiensis endotoxins that are currently utilized in commercial transgenic insect-resistant crops. screening a large number of b. thuringiensis isolates resulted in the cloning of vip3ac1. vip3ac1 showed high insecticidal activity against the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda and the cotton bollworm helicoverpa zea but very low activity against the silkworm bombyx mori. the host specificity of th ... | 2007 | 17122403 |
| insecticidal activity of vitex mollis. | organic extracts from the leaves of vitex mollis were assessed for their toxic effect on fall armyworm neonate larvae (spodoptera frugiperda), an important insect pest of corn. the extracts showed insecticidal and insect growth regulatory activity, being chcl(3)-meoh (1:1) extract the most active, also found to be toxic in the artemia salina test. | 2007 | 17126497 |
| cell-free protein synthesis system prepared from insect cells by freeze-thawing. | we established a novel cell-free protein synthesis system derived from trichoplusia ni (highfive) insect cells by a simple extraction method. luciferase and beta-galactosidase were synthesized in this system with active forms. we analyzed and optimized (1) the preparation method of the insect cell extract, (2) the concentration of the reaction components, and (3) the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr) of mrna. the extract was prepared by freeze-thawing insect cells suspended in the extraction buffe ... | 2006 | 17137303 |
| [spatial distribution of plants infested with spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on corn crop]. | the importance of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), is not only due to the damage it can cause, but also to its difficult control. it is essential to know the pest population parameters, such as its standard scattering in the crop, because depending on the space arrangement of the insects in the area, different sampling methods are required. for the present work, three experimental fields were installed in different areas: the first one had 66 plots with seven plants each; t ... | 2006 | 17144143 |
| efficient incorporation of a nonnatural amino acid into a protein in an insect cell-free translation system. | recently, we have succeeded in incorporating various nonnatural amino acids into proteins by using four-base codon-anticodon pairs in spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cell-free protein synthesizing system. here, the reaction was conducted under various conditions in order to optimize the incorporation efficiency. the optimal concentration of aminoacyl-trna, reaction temperature, and reaction time were 2 nm, 25 degrees c, and 1.5 hr, respectively. | 2006 | 17150925 |
| micropatterning of cell-repellent polymer on a glass substrate for the highly resolved virus microarray. | the development of a simple and easily accessible method to control cellular behavior under a spatially controlled surface is critical for fundamental studies in biotechnology. we fabricated a microarray of spodoptera frugiperda 9 (sf9) cells on a glass surface by microcontact printing cell-repellent polymeric molecules of poly(ethylene glycol)-branched-poly(methyl methacrylate) as a template for cell micropatterning. the polymer micropatterns enabled the stable confinement of sf9 cells on the s ... | 2006 | 17154558 |
| production and purification of functional truncated soluble forms of human recombinant l1 cell adhesion glycoprotein from spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cells. | l1 is a human cell adhesion glycoprotein involved in the development of the central nervous system that comprises six immunoglobulin-like domains (ig1-ig6), five fibronectin-type iii (fn1-fn5) domains, a single transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic domain. it contains 20 potential n-glycosylation sites and is heavily glycosylated in a variety of cell types. in this work, seven truncated soluble forms including l1 ectodomain (l1/ecd) and ig domains 5-6 (l1/ig5-6) have been constructed by pcr and ... | 2007 | 17157530 |
| interaction of rice dwarf virus outer capsid p8 protein with rice glycolate oxidase mediates relocalization of p8. | yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation assays indicated that p8, an outer capsid protein of rice dwarf phytoreovirus (rdv), interacts with rice glycolate oxidase (gox), a typical enzyme of peroxisomes. confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that p8 was colocalized with gox in peroxisomes. time course analysis demonstrated that the localization of p8 in spodoptera frugiperda cells changed from diffuse to discrete, punctuate inclusions during expression from 24 to 48 h post inoculatio ... | 2007 | 17174956 |
| diversity of colombian strains of bacillus thuringiensis with insecticidal activity against dipteran and lepidopteran insects. | to evaluate the genetic and molecular diversity and insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis isolates from all the natural regions of colombia. | 2007 | 17184322 |
| toxicity and synergism in the feeding deterrence of some coumarins on spodoptera frugiperda smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the phagodepression activity of five coumarins (= 2h-1-benzopyran-2-ones), 6-hydroxy-7-isoprenyloxycoumarin (1), 6-methoxy-7-isoprenyloxycoumarin (2), 6,7-methylenedioxycoumarin (3), 5-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxycoumarin (4), and 6-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)coumarin (5), from the argentine native herb pterocaulon polystachyum, was tested against spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae. two analogs, scopoletin (6) and 2-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3h-chromen-5-one (7), sy ... | 2006 | 17193211 |