| aspects of the ecology of phlebotomines (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in an area of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence, municipality of angra dos reis, coast of rio de janeiro state, brazil. | over a complete two-year period, phlebotomine specimens were caught in an area of cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence in the municipality of angra dos reis. a manual suction tube was used to catch phlebotomines on house walls, and also light traps in domestic and peridomestic settings and in the forest. this yielded 14,170 specimens of 13 species: two in the genus brumptomyia and eleven in the genus lutzomyia. l. intermedia predominantly in domestic and peridomestic settings, with little presence ... | 0 | 24626417 |
| sandflies (diptera, psychodidae) from forest areas in botucatu municipality, central western são paulo state, brazil. | the study of the distribution and ecology of sandfly species is essential for epidemiological surveillance and estimation of the transmission risk of leishmania spp. infection. | 2013 | 23849624 |
| first report of warileya rotundipennis (psychodidae: phlebotominae) naturally infected with leishmania (viannia) in a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia. | the expansion of transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis from sylvatic ecosystems into peri-urban and domestic settings has occurred as sand flies have adapted to anthropogenic environmental modifications. assessment of the intradomiciliary presence of sand flies in households of the settlement "la cabaña", in the department of risaralda, colombia, revealed an abundance of warileya rotundipennis. this unexpected observation motivated further analyses to evaluate the participation of this species ... | 2015 | 25917717 |
| the sandfly fauna, anthropophily and the seasonal activities of pintomyia spinicrassa (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northeastern colombia. | this study was conducted to identify the sandfly fauna and the anthropophilic species in a coffee-growing area of villanueva, norte de santander, colombia, a focus of american cutaneous leishmaniasis, and to analyse the relationship between the most frequent species and rainfall, relative humidity and temperature, with the aim of contributing to epidemiological surveillance in the area. sandfly collections were performed fortnightly between february 2006-september 2007 using automatic light trap ... | 0 | 23778653 |
| natural leishmania (viannia) spp. infections in phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) from the brazilian amazon region reveal new putative transmission cycles of american cutaneous leishmaniasis. | in amazonian brazil the etiological agents of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) belong to at least seven leishmania species but little is known about the putative phlebotomine sand fly vectors in different biomes. in 2002-2003 a survey of the phlebotomine fauna was undertaken in the "floresta nacional do tapajós", belterra municipality, in the lower amazon region, western pará state, brazil, where we recently confirmed the presence of a putative hybrid parasite, l. (v.) guyanensis × l. (v.) ... | 2016 | 27235194 |
| an epidemic outbreak of canine cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia caused by leishmania braziliensis and leishmania panamensis. | the largest recorded outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia's history occurred during 2005-2009 in soldiers of the colombian army, with ~40,000 cases. this outbreak was caused by the influx of military personnel into the jungle with the mission of combat illicit crops and the guerrilla. the soldiers remain for long periods within the rainforest and are exposed to the bite of infected sand flies. during the military activities, soldiers work with dogs specially trained to detect landmine ... | 0 | 22556078 |
| molecular detection of leishmania in phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) from a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus atxakriabá indigenous reserve, brazil. | autochthonous cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) have been reported since 2001 in the xakriabá indigenous reserve located in the municipality of são joão das missões in northern minas gerais state, brazil. in order to study the presence of leishmania dna in phlebotomine sand flies, six entomological collections were carried out from july 2008 through july 2009, using 40 light traps placed in peridomicile areas of 20 randomly selected houses. from october 2011 through august 2012, an ... | 2015 | 25853254 |
| ecological aspects of the phlebotominae fauna (diptera: psychodidae) in the xakriabá indigenous reserve, brazil. | sand fly collections were performed to study ecological aspects of the phlebotominae fauna of the xakriabá indigenous reserve, an area with endemic cutaneous leishmaniasis, located in the state of minas gerais, brazil. | 2014 | 24886717 |
| the phlebotomine fauna (diptera: psychodidae) of guaraí, state of tocantins, with an emphasis on the putative vectors of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural settlement and periurban areas. | phlebotomine sandflies were captured in rural settlement and periurban areas of the municipality of guaraí in the state of tocantins (to), an endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl). forty-three phlebotomine species were identified, nine of which have already been recognised as acl vectors. eleven species were recorded for the first time in to. nyssomyia whitmani was the most abundant species, followed by evandromyia bourrouli, nyssomyia antunesi and psychodopygus complexus. the s ... | 0 | 23903972 |
| first description of leishmania (viannia) infection in evandromyia saulensis, pressatia sp. and trichophoromyia auraensis (psychodidae: phlebotominae) in a transmission area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in acre state, amazon basin, brazil. | studies on the sandfly fauna to evaluate natural infection indexes are still limited in the brazilian amazon, a region with an increasing incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis. here, by using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction directed to leishmania kdna and hybridisation, we were able to identify l. (viannia) subgenus in 12 out of 173 sandflies captured in the municipality of rio branco, acre state, revealing a positivity of 6.94%. by sequencing the leishmania 234 bp-hsp70 amplified products ... | 2017 | 28076470 |
| immunity to lutzomyia whitmani saliva protects against experimental leishmania braziliensis infection. | previous works showed that immunization with saliva from lutzomyia intermedia, a vector of leishmania braziliensis, does not protect against experimental infection. however, l. braziliensis is also transmitted by lutzomyia whitmani, a sand fly species closely related to lu. intermedia. herein we describe the immune response following immunization with lu. whitmani saliva and the outcome of this response after l. braziliensis infection. | 2016 | 27812113 |
| sand flies (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotominae), vectors of leishmania protozoa, at an atlantic forest conservation unit in the municipality of nísia floresta, rio grande do norte state, brazil. | sand flies are insect vectors of protozoa from the genus leishmania, causative parasites of visceral and american tegumentary leishmaniases. the present study discusses the bioecological aspects of sand fly species, transmitters of leishmania protozoa, in different ecotopes of an atlantic forest conservation unit located in the metropolitan region of natal, rio grande do norte state, brazil. | 2016 | 26864023 |
| the phlebotomine sand flies fauna in parque estadual do rio doce, minas gerais, brazil. | phlebotomine sand flies are dipterans of the family psychodidae. they are very important to veterinary medicine because some species are vectors of infective forms of leishmania spp., the etiological agents of leishmaniasis. the parque estadual do rio doce is located in an area with constant reports of cases of leishmaniasis. in order to better understanding the phlebotamine sand fly fauna of the park, the present work was undertaken with the goal of analyzing phlebotomine sand flies collected t ... | 2015 | 26626880 |
| identification and biological characterization of leishmania (viannia) guyanensis isolated from a patient with tegumentary leishmaniasis in goiás, a nonendemic area for this species in brazil. | the aim of this study was to characterize clinical field isolates of leishmania spp. obtained from patients with american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) who live in goiás state, brazil. the presumed areas of infection were in goiás, tocantins, and pará states. three isolates of parasites were identified as l. (viannia) braziliensis and one as l. (v.) guyanensis. the in vitro growth profiles were found to be similar for all parasites. nevertheless, in c57bl/6 mice, l. (v.) guyanensis infection w ... | 2015 | 26583102 |
| an integrated approach using spatial analysis to study the risk factors for leishmaniasis in area of recent transmission. | some epidemiological aspects of leishmaniasis in the municipality of formiga, brazil, an important touristic site, were evaluated. those included phlebotomine sand fly vectors, canine infection, and geoprocessing analysis for determining critical transmission areas. sand flies (224 insects) belonging to ten different species were captured. the most captured species included lutzomyia longipalpis (35.3%), lutzomyia cortelezzii (33.5%), and lutzomyia whitmani (18.3%). a significant correlation bet ... | 2015 | 26229961 |
| age modifies the immunologic response and clinical presentation of american tegumentary leishmaniasis. | leishmania (viannia) braziliensis is the main causal agent of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) that may present as cutaneous, mucosal, or disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis. the disease is highly prevalent in young males and there is a lack of studies of atl in the elderly. herein, we compared clinical manifestations, immunologic response, and response to antimony therapy between patients > 60 years of age (n = 58) and patients who were 21-30 years of age (n = 187). the study was perfo ... | 2015 | 25918209 |
| detection of leishmania (viannia) in nyssomyia neivai and nyssomyia whitmani by multiplex polymerase chain reaction, in southern brazil. | sandflies transmit pathogens of leishmaniasis. the natural infection of sandflies by leishmania (viannia) was assessed in municipalities, in the state of paraná, in southern brazil. sandflies were collected with falcão and shannon traps. after dissection in search of flagellates in digestive tubes and identification of the species, female sandflies were submitted to the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex pcr) for detection of the fragment of the kdna of leishmania (viannia) and the f ... | 0 | 25229218 |
| phenotypic characterization of leishmania spp. causing cutaneous leishmaniasis in the lower amazon region, western pará state, brazil, reveals a putative hybrid parasite, leishmania (viannia) guyanensis × leishmania (viannia) shawi shawi. | we phenotypically characterized 43 leishmanial parasites from cutaneous leishmaniasis by isoenzyme electrophoresis and the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (23 mcabs). identifications revealed 11 (25.6%) strains of leishmania (v.) braziliensis, 4 (9.3%) of l. (v.) shawi shawi, 7 (16.3%) of l. (v.) shawi santarensis, 6 (13.9%) of l. (v.) guyanensis and l. (v.) lainsoni, 2 (4.7%) of l. (l.) amazonensis, and 7 (16.3%) of a putative hybrid parasite, l. (v.) guyanensis/l. (v.) shawi shawi. m ... | 2014 | 25083790 |
| sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) associated with opossum nests at urban sites in southeastern brazil: a risk factor for urban and periurban zoonotic leishmania transmission? | sandflies associated with opossum nests are reported for the first time in the yards of residences located in the urban area of the municipality of monte mor, situated in the metropolitan region of campinas, state of são paulo, brazil. eleven specimens of evandromyia cortelezzii and one of evandromyia lenti were captured in two didelphis albiventris nests. ev. cortelezzii is considered a secondary vector species for the transmission of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania ... | 0 | 24789554 |
| host-biting rate and susceptibility of some suspected vectors to leishmania braziliensis. | american tegumentary leishmaniasis is a serious brazilian public health problem. this diseases is attributed to seven species of leishmania, however, the majority of cases are associated with leishmania braziliensis. some phlebotomine species have been implicated in the transmission of this parasite, nonetheless only psychodopygus wellcomei has had its vectorial competence demonstrated. thus this study sought to assess some parameters related to the vectorial capacity of anthropophilic species o ... | 2014 | 24684943 |
| peridomiciliary breeding sites of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in an endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in southeastern brazil. | the occurrence of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in areas modified by humans indicates that phlebotomine sand fly vectors breed close to human habitations. potential peridomiciliary breeding sites of phlebotomines were sampled in an area of transmission of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in southeastern brazil. three concentric circles rounding houses and domestic animal shelters, with radii of 20, 40, and 60 m, defined the area to be monitored using adult emergence traps. of the 67 ph ... | 2012 | 23091196 |
| participation of heparin binding proteins from the surface of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis promastigotes in the adhesion of parasites to lutzomyia longipalpis cells (lulo) in vitro. | leishmania (v.) braziliensis is a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil. during the parasite life cycle, the promastigotes adhere to the gut of sandflies, to avoid being eliminated with the dejection. the lulo cell line, derived from lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae), is a suitable in vitro study model to understand the features of parasite adhesion. here, we analyze the role of glycosaminoglycans (gags) from lulo cells and proteins from the parasites in this event. | 2012 | 22805335 |
| leishmaniasis transmission in an ecotourism area: potential vectors in ilha grande, rio de janeiro state, brazil. | the south coast of rio de janeiro state, in brazil, is endemic for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases and is frequently visited by tourists from different parts of the world. since the complex epidemiology of leishmaniases demands local studies, the goal of this study was to investigate the phlebotomine sand fly fauna and leishmaniases transmission in ilha grande, an ecotourism area of angra dos reis municipality. | 2013 | 24499568 |
| simultaneous infection with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and l. (v.) lainsoni in a peruvian patient with cutaneous leishmaniasis. | conventional understanding suggests that simultaneous infection with more than one species of leishmania is unlikely. in peru, co-infections are clinically relevant because causative species dictates prognosis, treatment response, and follow-up. we describe a case of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and l. (v.) lainsoni co-infection in a peruvian patient with cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 2013 | 23382155 |
| miltefosine and antimonial drug susceptibility of leishmania viannia species and populations in regions of high transmission in colombia. | pentavalent antimonials have been the first line treatment for dermal leishmaniasis in colombia for over 30 years. miltefosine is administered as second line treatment since 2005. the susceptibility of circulating populations of leishmania to these drugs is unknown despite clinical evidence supporting the emergence of resistance. | 2014 | 24853871 |
| leishmania (viannia) guyanensis infection, austria. | | 0 | 22932031 |
| first report of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi in an urban area of rio de janeiro, brazil. | american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania, and transmitted by sandflies. in the state of rio de janeiro, almost all of the cases of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) are caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, while cases of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) are caused by leishmania (leishmania) infantum chagasi. the resurgence of autochthonous vl cases in rio de janeiro is related to the geographic expansion of the vector ... | 0 | 26603237 |
| interleukin 10-dominant immune response and increased risk of cutaneous leishmaniasis after natural exposure to lutzomyia intermedia sand flies. | leishmaniasis is caused by parasites transmitted to the vertebrate host by infected sand flies. during transmission, the vertebrate host is also inoculated with sand fly saliva, which exerts powerful immunomodulatory effects on the host's immune response. | 2015 | 25596303 |
| repeated exposure to lutzomyia intermedia sand fly saliva induces local expression of interferon-inducible genes both at the site of injection in mice and in human blood. | during a blood meal, lutzomyia intermedia sand flies transmit leishmania braziliensis, a parasite causing tegumentary leishmaniasis. in experimental leishmaniasis, pre-exposure to saliva of most blood-feeding sand flies results in parasite establishment in absence of any skin damages in mice challenged with dermotropic leishmania species together with saliva. in contrast, pre-immunization with lu. intermedia salivary gland sonicate (sgs) results in enhanced skin inflammatory exacerbation upon co ... | 2014 | 24421912 |
| canine cutaneous leishmaniasis: dissemination and tissue tropism of genetically distinct leishmania (viannia) braziliensis populations. | little is known regarding the internal dissemination of initial cutaneous lesions and tissue tropism of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis populations in naturally infected dogs. the aim of this study was to investigate genetic polymorphisms of l. (v.) braziliensis populations in different anatomic sites of naturally infected dogs by using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and low-stringency single specific primer-pcr (lssp-pcr) techniques. the amplified products were analyzed by lssp-pcr to invest ... | 2013 | 23844317 |
| the immunobiology of leishmania braziliensis infection. | leishmaniases are a group of diseases caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania that affect millions of people worldwide. these diseases are caused by distinct leishmania species, of which l. braziliensis, a new world representative of the leishmania genus, has been the least studied. although leishmaniasis caused by l. braziliensis induces a range of clinical manifestations ranging from mild localized lesions to severe mucosal involvement, few studies have focused on elucidating the immune mec ... | 2012 | 22701117 |
| environmental factors associated with american cutaneous leishmaniasis in a new andean focus in colombia. | to evaluate the environmental and ecological factors associated with leishmania transmission and vector abundance in chaparral, tolima-colombia. | 2012 | 22882595 |
| salivary gland homogenates from wild-caught sand flies lutzomyia flaviscutellata and lutzomyia (psychodopygus) complexus showed inhibitory effects on leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis and leishmania (viannia) braziliensis infection in balb/c mice. | during the natural transmission of leishmania parasites, the infected sand fly female regurgitates promastigotes into the host's skin together with its saliva. it has been reported that vector saliva contains immunomodulatory molecules that facilitate the establishment of infection. thus, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the specificity of lutzomyia (lu.) flaviscutellata and lu. (psychodopygus) complexus salivas on the infectivity of leishmania (l.) (leishmania) amazonensis and l ... | 2014 | 25476864 |
| first evidence of a hybrid of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis/l. (v.) peruviana dna detected from the phlebotomine sand fly lutzomyia tejadai in peru. | the natural infection of sand flies by leishmania was examined in the department of huanuco of peru, where cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by a hybrid of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis/l. (v.) peruviana is endemic. a total of 2,997 female sand flies were captured by cdc light traps and shannon traps, of which 2,931 and 66 flies were identified as lutzomyia tejadai and lu fischeri, respectively. using crude dna extracted from individual sand flies as a template, leishmania dna was detected from ... | 2016 | 26735142 |
| small rnas derived from trnas and rrnas are highly enriched in exosomes from both old and new world leishmania providing evidence for conserved exosomal rna packaging. | leishmania use exosomes to communicate with their mammalian hosts and these secreted vesicles appear to contribute to pathogenesis by delivering protein virulence factors to macrophages. in other eukaryotes, exosomes were found to carry rna cargo, such as mrnas and small non-coding rnas, capable of altering recipient cell phenotype. whether leishmania exosomes also contain rnas which they are able to deliver to bystander cells is not known. here, we show that leishmania exosomes indeed contain r ... | 2015 | 25764986 |
| the flagellar protein flag1/smp1 is a candidate for leishmania-sand fly interaction. | leishmaniasis is a serious problem that affects mostly poor countries. various species of leishmania are the agents of the disease, which take different clinical manifestations. the parasite is transmitted by sandflies, predominantly from the phlebotomus genus in the old world and lutzomyia in the new world. during development in the gut, leishmania must survive various challenges, which include avoiding being expelled with blood remnants after digestion. it is believed that attachment to the gu ... | 0 | 25793476 |
| dual effect of lutzomyia longipalpis saliva on leishmania braziliensis infection is mediated by distinct saliva-induced cellular recruitment into balb/c mice ear. | leishmania parasites are transmitted to their vertebrate hosts by infected phlebotomine sand flies during the blood meal of the flies. sand fly saliva is known to enhance leishmania spp. infection, while pre-exposure to saliva protects mice against parasitic infections. in this study, we investigated the initial inflammatory leucocyte composition induced by one or three inocula of salivary gland extract (sge) from lutzomyia longipalpis in the presence or absence of leishmania braziliensis. | 2013 | 23656976 |
| restricted outbreak of american tegumentary leishmaniasis with high microfocal transmission. | cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in salta, the northwestern province of argentina. we describe an outbreak involving five recreational hunters whose exposure was limited to several hours in a residual patch of primary forest. all patients presented with typical cutaneous lesions after a mean incubation period of 59 days (range 15-78), and one developed simultaneous mucosal involvement. polymerase chain reaction analysis of lesions confirmed leishmania (v.) braziliensis as the etiologic agent i ... | 2013 | 23339200 |
| a dysflagellar mutant of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis isolated from a cutaneous leishmaniasis patient. | parasites of the leishmania genus alternate between the flagellated extracellular promastigote stage and intracellular amastigotes. here we report the characterization of a leishmania isolate, obtained from a cutaneous leishmaniasis patient, which presents peculiar morphological features. | 2012 | 22236464 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis vaccination: a matter of quality. | there have been exhaustive efforts to develop an efficient vaccine against leishmaniasis. factors like host and parasite genetic characteristics, virulence, epidemiological scenarios, and, mainly, diverse immune responses triggered by leishmania species make the achievement of this aim a complex task. it is already clear that the induction of a th1, pro-inflammatory response, is important in the protection against leishmania infection. however, many questions must still be answered to fully unde ... | 2016 | 27148270 |
| diffuse and disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis: clinical cases experienced in ecuador and a brief review. | in ecuador, cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is prevalent countrywide, but only one case of diffuse-cl and two cases of disseminated-cl were experienced during our research activities more than 30 years from 1982 to date. these three patients suffered from multiple lesions distributed at a wide range of the body surface, revealing difficulty to clinically differentiate each other. | 2016 | 27398061 |
| a novel molecular test to diagnose canine visceral leishmaniasis at the point of care. | dogs are the principal reservoir hosts of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (vl) but current serological methods are not sensitive enough to detect all subclinically infected animals, which is crucial to vl control programs. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods have greater sensitivity but require expensive equipment and trained personnel, impairing its implementation in endemic areas. we developed a diagnostic test that uses isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa) to detect leish ... | 2015 | 26240156 |
| infectiousness of sylvatic and synanthropic small rodents implicates a multi-host reservoir of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the possibility that a multi-host wildlife reservoir is responsible for maintaining transmission of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis causing human cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is tested by comparative analysis of infection progression and infectiousness to sandflies in rodent host species previously shown to have high natural infection prevalences in both sylvatic or/and peridomestic habitats in close proximity to humans in northeast brazil. | 2015 | 26448187 |
| comparative analyses of the β-tubulin gene and molecular modeling reveal molecular insight into the colchicine resistance in kinetoplastids organisms. | differential susceptibility to microtubule agents has been demonstrated between mammalian cells and kinetoplastid organisms such as leishmania spp. and trypanosoma spp. the aims of this study were to identify and characterize the architecture of the putative colchicine binding site of leishmania spp. and investigate the molecular basis of colchicine resistance. we cloned and sequenced the β-tubulin gene of leishmania (viannia) guyanensis and established the theoretical 3d model of the protein, u ... | 2013 | 24083244 |
| intestinal helminth coinfection is associated with mucosal lesions and poor response to therapy in american tegumentary leishmaniasis. | the most severe clinical form of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) due to leishmania braziliensis is mucosal leishmaniasis (ml), characterized by destructive lesions in the facial mucosa. we performed a retrospective cohort study of 109 atl patients from rio de janeiro state, brazil, where atl is caused by l. braziliensis, to evaluate the influence of intestinal parasite coinfections in the clinical course of atl. parasitological stool examination (pse) was performed with samples from all ... | 2016 | 26519200 |
| genome mining offers a new starting point for parasitology research. | parasites including helminthes, protozoa, and medical arthropod vectors are a major cause of global infectious diseases, affecting one-sixth of the world's population, which are responsible for enormous levels of morbidity and mortality important and remain impediments to economic development especially in tropical countries. prevalent drug resistance, lack of highly effective and practical vaccines, as well as specific and sensitive diagnostic markers are proving to be challenging problems in p ... | 2015 | 25563615 |
| evaluation of a prototype flow cytometry test for serodiagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis. | diagnosing canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl) is a critical challenge since conventional immunoserological tests still present some deficiencies. the current study evaluated a prototype flow cytometry serology test, using antigens and fluorescent antibodies that had been stored for 1 year at 4°c, on a broad range of serum samples. noninfected control dogs and leishmania infantum-infected dogs were tested, and the prototype test showed excellent performance in differentiating these groups with h ... | 2013 | 24108778 |
| active polyketides isolated from penicillium herquei. | in this work we are reporting the isolation by classical methods of chromatography of six polyketides from penicillium herquei. the compounds citreorosein ( 1) , emodin ( 2) , janthinone ( 3) , citrinin ( 4) , citrinin h1 ( 5) and dicitrinol ( 6) were identified by spectral methods of 1d and 2d nmr and ms. compounds 1, 2 and 3 were tested against promastigotes forms of leishmania brasiliensis and 1 and 2 were also assayed against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus subtilis and ... | 2013 | 23969848 |
| safety evaluation of a vaccine: effect in maternal reproductive outcome and fetal anomaly frequency in rats using a leishmanial vaccine as a model. | while the immunogenic potential of the vaccination against infectious diseases was extensively shown, data on the safety assessment of recombinant proteins in vaccine formulations administered during pregnancy are still scarce. in the current study, the antigenicity of a vaccine against leishmaniasis (based on leishmania braziliensis recombinant protein peroxidoxin) during pregnancy and possible maternal reproductive outcomes and fetal anomalies after immunization with a leishmanial vaccine or a ... | 2017 | 28249007 |
| anti-infective assessment of senecio smithioides (asteraceae) and isolation of 9-oxoeuryopsin, a furanoeremophilane-type sesquiterpene with antiplasmodial activity. | the search for anti-infective activity in the antipyretic plant senecio smithioides was conducted. petroleum ether (pe), dichloromethane (ch2cl2), ethyl acetate (etoac) and hydroethanolic (96% etoh) extracts, and compounds 9-oxoeuryopsin (1), epoxydecompostin (2) and senecionine (3) were obtained from the aerial parts. all extracts and 1 were tested against chloroquine-resistant strain of plasmodium falciparum (ref. chloroquine), trypanosoma cruzi (ref. nifurtimox), leishmania braziliensis, leis ... | 2015 | 26606687 |
| anti-infective potential of marine invertebrates and seaweeds from the brazilian coast. | this manuscript describes the evaluation of anti-infective potential in vitro of organic extracts from nine sponges, one ascidian, two octocorals, one bryozoan, and 27 seaweed species collected along the brazilian coast. antimicrobial activity was tested against staphylococcus aureus (atcc 25923), enterococcus faecalis (atcc 29212), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 27853), escherichia coli (atcc 25922) and candida albicans (atcc 10231) by the disk diffusion method. antiprotozoal activity was evaluat ... | 2013 | 23681060 |
| drug repurposing: mining protozoan proteomes for targets of known bioactive compounds. | to identify potential opportunities for drug repurposing by developing an automated approach to pre-screen the predicted proteomes of any organism against databases of known drug targets using only freely available resources. | 2016 | 23757409 |
| in vitro evaluation of antiprotozoal and antiviral activities of extracts from argentinean mikania species. | the aim of this study was to investigate the antiprotozoal and antiviral activities of four argentinean mikania species. the organic and aqueous extracts of mikania micrantha, m. parodii, m. periplocifolia, and m. cordifolia were tested on trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes, leishmania braziliensis promastigotes, and dengue virus type 2. the organic extract of m. micrantha was the most active against t. cruzi and l. braziliensis exhibiting a growth inhibition of 77.6 ± 4.5% and 84.9 ± 6.1%, respect ... | 2012 | 22919289 |
| performance of leishmania braziliensis enolase protein for the serodiagnosis of canine and human visceral leishmaniosis. | in the present study, leishmania braziliensis enolase was cloned and the recombinant protein (renolase) was evaluated for the serodiagnosis of canine and human visceral leishmaniosis (vl). for the canine vl diagnosis, this study examined serum samples of leishmania infantum-infected dogs, from non-infected animals living in endemic or non-endemic areas of leishmaniosis, as well as those from leish-tec(®)-vaccinated dogs and trypanosoma cruzi or ehrlichia canis experimentally infected animals. fo ... | 2017 | 28385540 |
| evaluation of two recombinant leishmania proteins identified by an immunoproteomic approach as tools for the serodiagnosis of canine visceral and human tegumentary leishmaniasis. | serological diagnostic tests for canine and human leishmaniasis present problems related with their sensitivity and/or specificity. recently, an immunoproteomic approach performed with leishmania infantum proteins identified new parasite antigens. in the present study, the diagnostic properties of two of these proteins, cytochrome c oxidase and ige-dependent histamine-releasing factor, were evaluated for the serodiagnosis of canine visceral (cvl) and human tegumentary (htl) leishmaniasis. for th ... | 2016 | 26790739 |
| leishmania (viannia) braziliensis amastigotes induces the expression of tnfα and il-10 by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro in a tlr4-dependent manner. | while the role of toll-like receptors (tlrs) has been investigated in murine models of tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, the interaction between tlrs and leishmania sp. has not been investigated in human cells. the aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of tlr4 in cytokine production of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) induced by l. braziliensis, and whether the parasite alters the expression of tlr4 on monocytes/macrophages. amasti ... | 2016 | 27649507 |
| biochemical characterization of the bifunctional enzyme dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase from leishmania (viannia) and its evaluation as a drug target. | dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) has been used successfully as a drug target in the area of anti-bacterial, anti-cancer and anti-malarial therapy. although this bifunctional enzyme is also a potential drug target for treatment of leishmaniasis, there have been no reports on its efficacy against leishmania (viannia) species. | 2014 | 24652175 |
| in vitro activity of scorpiand-like azamacrocycle derivatives in promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of leishmania infantum and leishmania braziliensis. | the activity of a family scorpiand-like azamacrocycles against leishmania infantum and leishmania braziliensis was studied using promastigotes, axenic and intracellular amastigotes forms. all the compounds are more active and less toxic than meglumine antimoniate (glucantime). moreover, the data on infection rates and amastigotes showed that compounds p2py, pn and p3py are the most active against both species of leishmania. on the other hand, studies on the inhibitory effect of these compounds o ... | 2013 | 23395967 |
| leishmania chagasi naturally resistant to nitric oxide isolated from humans and dogs with visceral leishmaniasis in brazil. | nitric oxide (no) plays an important role as a leishmanicidal agent in murine macrophages. no resistant escherichia coli and mycobacterium tuberculosis have been associated with poor outcomes of their resulting diseases. no resistant leishmania braziliensis has also been identified and exacerbates the clinical course of human leishmaniasis. we report, for the first time, natural resistance of leishmania chagasi promastigotes to no. these parasites were isolated from humans and dogs with visceral ... | 2012 | 22580230 |
| severe cutaneous leishmaniasis in a human immunodeficiency virus patient coinfected with leishmania braziliensis and its endosymbiotic virus. | leishmania parasites cause a broad range of disease, with cutaneous afflictions being, by far, the most prevalent. variations in disease severity and symptomatic spectrum are mostly associated to parasite species. one risk factor for the severity and emergence of leishmaniasis is immunosuppression, usually arising by coinfection of the patient with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). interestingly, several species of leishmania have been shown to bear an endogenous cytoplasmic dsrna virus (lrv) ... | 2016 | 26834198 |
| leishmaniasis recidivans in ethiopia: cutaneous and mucocutaneous features. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is endemic in ethiopia. an unusual clinical form of this disease is leishmaniasis recidivans (lr), a prolonged, relapsing form of cutaneous leishmaniasis resembling tuberculosis of the skin that may persist for many years with a chronic and relapsing course. this rare variant has been shown to be caused by leishmania tropica species in the old world and by leishmania braziliensis, leishmania amazonensis, leishmania panamensis, and leishmania guyanensis in the new wor ... | 2017 | 28141598 |
| detection and molecular identification of leishmania rna virus (lrv) in iranian leishmania species. | leishmania rna virus (lrv) was first detected in members of the subgenus leishmania (viannia), and later, the virulence and metastasis of the new world species were attributed to this virus. the data on the presence of lrv in old world species are confined to leishmania major and a few leishmania aethiopica isolates. the aim of this study was to survey the presence of lrv in various iranian leishmania species originating from patients and animal reservoir hosts. genomic nucleic acids were extrac ... | 2016 | 27604119 |
| leishmania aethiopica field isolates bearing an endosymbiontic dsrna virus induce pro-inflammatory cytokine response. | infection with leishmania parasites causes mainly cutaneous lesions at the site of the sand fly bite. inflammatory metastatic forms have been reported with leishmania species such as l. braziliensis, guyanensis and aethiopica. little is known about the factors underlying such exacerbated clinical presentations. leishmania rna virus (lrv) is mainly found within south american leishmania braziliensis and guyanensis. in a mouse model of l. guyanensis infection, its presence is responsible for an hy ... | 2014 | 24762979 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis in french guiana: revising epidemiology with pcr-rflp. | the development of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) technique for species identification among patients presenting leishmaniasis allowed to better determine the main circulating species in french guiana. | 2017 | 28265182 |
| cytokines and microbicidal molecules regulated by il-32 in thp-1-derived human macrophages infected with new world leishmania species. | interleukin-32 (il-32) is expressed in lesions of patients with american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl), but its precise role in the disease remains unknown. | 2017 | 28241012 |
| in vitro antiprotozoal activity of (s)-cis-verbenol against leishmania spp. and trypanosoma cruzi. | (s)-cis-verbenol, a monoterpene frequently found as a component of essential oils, was assayed against leishmania amazonensis, leishmania infantum, leishmania brasiliensis and against two strains of trypanosoma cruzi. the cytotoxicity of the compound was also assayed against human fibroblast cells using a colorimetric method. benznidazole was used as reference drug against t. cruzi and amphotericin b was used against leishmania spp. the compound showed good activity against the trypanosomes, bei ... | 2017 | 28062234 |
| use of recombinant antigens for sensitive serodiagnosis of american tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by different leishmania species. | american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) (also known as cutaneous leishmaniasis [cl]) is caused by various species of protozoa of the genus leishmania the diagnosis is achieved on a clinical, epidemiological, and pathological basis, supported by positive parasitological exams and demonstration of leishmanin delayed-type hypersensitivity. serological assays are not routinely used in the diagnosis because many are considered to have low sensitivity and the particular leishmania species causing the ... | 2017 | 27927927 |
| detection of leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis in culicoides (diptera, ceratopogonidae) in an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the brazilian amazonia. | biting midges in the genus culicoides act as vectors of arboviruses throughout the world and as vectors of filariasis in latin america, the caribbean, and parts of africa. although culicoides spp. are currently not considered to be vectors of leishmania protozoa, the high abundance of biting midges in areas with active cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission points to the possibility of culicoides infection by these pathogens. we used pcr to test captured culicoides species for natural infection wi ... | 2016 | 27860021 |
| evaluation of the antiplasmodial and leishmanicidal potential of myrciaria dubia (myrtaceae) extract. | malaria and leishmaniasis are prevalent in tropical regions, which have environmental characteristics that are highly favorable to protozoa and vectors of these diseases; the transmission of these infections in sub-tropical regions, although recognized, represents only a small fraction of cases. plants are constantly being used in the search for and acquisition of new drugs, and many compounds derived from them have been used to combat various diseases. in this study, we evaluated the action of ... | 2016 | 27812653 |
| a vaccine composed of a hypothetical protein and the eukaryotic initiation factor 5a from leishmania braziliensis cross-protection against leishmania amazonensis infection. | in the present study, two proteins cloned from leishmania braziliensis species, a hypothetical protein (lbhyp) and the eukaryotic initiation factor 5a (eif5a), were evaluated to protect balb/c mice against l. amazonensis infection. the animals were immunized with the antigens, either separately or in combination, using saponin as an immune adjuvant in both cases. spleen cells from vaccinated and later infected mice produced significantly higher levels of protein and parasite-specific ifn-γ, il-1 ... | 2017 | 27693018 |
| the antifungal compound butenafine eliminates promastigote and amastigote forms of leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis and leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the production of ergosterol lipid, important for the leishmania membrane homeostasis, involves different enzymes. this pathway can be blocked to azoles and allylamines drugs, such as butenafine. the aim of the present work was to evaluate the anti-leishmanicidal activity of this drug in 2 major species of leishmania responsible for causing the american tegumentar leishmaniasis (l. (l.) amazonensis and l. (v.) braziliensis). butenafine eliminated promastigote forms of l. amazonensis and l. brazi ... | 2016 | 27546158 |
| malaria-cutaneous leishmaniasis co-infection: influence on disease outcomes and immune response. | malaria and cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) are co-endemic throughout large regions in tropical countries and co-infection may impact the evolution of host-parasite interactions. in the present study, we evaluate malaria/leishmaniasis disease outcome, th1/th2 cytokine levels and the cd4 and cd8 t-cell profiles in a co-infection murine model (balb/c) of plasmodium yoelii 17xnl (py) and leishmania amazonensis (la) or l. braziliensis (lb). malaria parasitaemia was assessed through blood strains staine ... | 2016 | 27446022 |
| calmodulin polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for leishmania identification and typing. | a precise identification of leishmania species involved in human infections has epidemiological and clinical importance. herein, we describe a preliminary validation of a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay, based on the calmodulin intergenic spacer region, as a tool for detecting and typing leishmania species. after calmodulin amplification, the enzyme haeiii yielded a clear distinction between reference strains of leishmania mexicana, leishmania amazonensis, leishmania infantum, lei ... | 2016 | 27352873 |
| comparative analysis of carbohydrate residues in the midgut of phlebotomines (diptera: psychodidae) from colony and field populations from amazon, brazil. | leishmaniasis are worldwide diseases that occur in 98 countries including brazil, transmitted by the bite of female phlebotomines during blood feeding. in brazil it is known that some species of sand flies as lutzomyia longipalpis sensun latum (vector of leishmania infantum chagasi), lutzomyia flaviscutellata (vector of leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis) and lutzomyia antunesi [suspected vector of leishmania (viannia) lindenbergi] are incriminated of transmitting the parasite leishmania for th ... | 2016 | 27264642 |
| a proteomic road to acquire an accurate serological diagnosis for human tegumentary leishmaniasis. | diagnostic tools are important for clinical management and epidemiological evaluation of tegumentary (tl) and visceral (vl) leishmaniasis. serology is not frequently used for the diagnosis of the tl form because low antibody titers and cross-reaction with vl. therefore, it is crucial to identify specific and immunogenic antigens from species associated with the tl form. here we employed a proteomic approach coupled to an in silico analysis and identified the most abundant and immunogenic protein ... | 2017 | 27262223 |
| antileishmanial activity of a calophyllum brasiliense leaf extract. | calophyllum brasiliense (clusiaceae) is a tree that grows mainly in the atlantic forest in brazil. its leaves possess antibacterial activity, cytotoxic activity against certain tumor cell lines, and antimicrobial activity in balb/c mice infected with leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis.aiming to identify ultrastructural changes and dna fragmentation in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, promastigotes were treated with a concentration of the dichloromethane extract and coumarin (-) mammea a/bb fr ... | 2017 | 27224267 |
| differential recruitment of dendritic cells subsets to lymph nodes correlates with a protective or permissive t-cell response during leishmania (viannia) braziliensis or leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis infection. | leishmania (l.) amazonensis (la) and l. (v.) braziliensis (lb) are responsible for a large clinical and immunopathological spectrum in human disease; while la may be responsible for anergic disease, lb infection leads to cellular hypersensitivity. to better understand the dichotomy in the immune response caused by these leishmania species, we evaluated subsets of dendritic cells (dcs) and t lymphocyte in draining lymph nodes during the course of la and lb infection in balb/c mice. our results de ... | 2016 | 27073297 |
| transient superdiffusion and long-range correlations in the motility patterns of trypanosomatid flagellate protozoa. | we report on a diffusive analysis of the motion of flagellate protozoa species. these parasites are the etiological agents of neglected tropical diseases: leishmaniasis caused by leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis, african sleeping sickness caused by trypanosoma brucei, and chagas disease caused by trypanosoma cruzi. by tracking the positions of these parasites and evaluating the variance related to the radial positions, we find that their motions are characterized by a short-tim ... | 2016 | 27007779 |
| an effective in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial activity and mechanism of action of 8-hydroxyquinoline against leishmania species causing visceral and tegumentary leishmaniasis. | the development of new therapeutic strategies to treat leishmaniasis has become a priority. in the present study, the antileishmanial activity of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-hqn) was investigated against in vitro promastigotes and in vivo intra-macrophage amastigotes of three leishmania species: leishmania amazonensis, leishmania infantum and leishmania braziliensis. studies were performed to establish the 50% leishmania inhibitory concentration (ic50) of 8-hqn, as well as its 50% cytotoxic concentrat ... | 2016 | 26827866 |
| active sesquiterpene lactones against leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis. | seventeen sesquiterpene lactones (sls) isolated from five species of the tribe vernonieae were evaluated for their in vitro activity against promastigotes of leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis. additionally, a quantitative structure activity relationship has been made, since all these natural compounds were found to have potent to mild antileishmanial properties. the most active compounds against l. braziliensis were 16 and 17 (ic50 values 1.45 and 1.34 μm, respectively), followe ... | 2016 | 26755152 |
| antibacterial and leishmanicidal activity of bolivian propolis. | the antimicrobial activity of bolivian propolis was assessed for the first time on a panel of bacteria and two endemic parasitic protozoa. ten samples of bolivian propolis and their main constituents were tested using the micro-broth dilution method against 11 bacterial pathogenic strains as well as against promastigotes of leishmania amazonensis and l. braziliensis using the xtt-based colorimetric method. the methanolic extracts showed antibacterial effect ranging from inactive (mics > 1000 μg ... | 2016 | 26743801 |
| molecular characterization and functional analysis of pteridine reductase in wild-type and antimony-resistant leishmania lines. | pteridine reductase (ptr1) is an nadph-dependent reductase that participates in the salvage of pteridines, which are essential to maintain growth of leishmania. in this study, we performed the molecular characterization of ptr1 gene in wild-type (wts) and sbiii-resistant (sbr) lines from leishmania guyanensis (lg), leishmania amazonensis (la), leishmania braziliensis (lb) and leishmania infantum (li), evaluating the chromosomal location, mrna levels of the ptr1 gene and ptr1 protein expression. ... | 2016 | 26689884 |
| monitoring the response of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis to treatment with pentamidine isethionate by quantitative real-time pcr, and identification of leishmania parasites not responding to therapy. | leishmania (viannia) guyanensis is believed to be the principal cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in suriname. this disease is treated with pentamidine isethionate (pi), but treatment failure has increasingly been reported. | 2016 | 26648589 |
| new primers for detection of leishmania infantum using polymerase chain reaction. | leishmania infantum causes visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in the new world. the diagnosis of vl is confirmed by parasitological and serological tests, which are not always sensitive or specific. our aim was to design new primers to perform a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detecting l. infantum. sequences of the minicircle kinetoplast dna (kdna) were obtained from genbank, and the flc2/rlc2 primers were designed. samples of dna from l. infantum, leishmania amazonensis, leishmania braziliensis, ... | 2017 | 26603223 |
| kinetoplastid membrane protein-11 as a vaccine candidate and a virulence factor in leishmania. | kinetoplastid membrane protein-11 (kmp-11), a protein present in all kinetoplastid protozoa, is considered a potential candidate for a leishmaniasis vaccine. in leishmania amazonensis, kmp-11 is expressed in promastigotes and amastigotes. in both stages, the protein was found in association with membrane structures at the cell surface, flagellar pocket, and intracellular vesicles. more importantly, its surface expression is higher in amastigotes than in promastigotes and increases during metacyc ... | 2015 | 26528287 |
| distinct macrophage fates after in vitro infection with different species of leishmania: induction of apoptosis by leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis, but not by leishmania (viannia) guyanensis. | leishmania is an intracellular parasite in vertebrate hosts, including man. during infection, amastigotes replicate inside macrophages and are transmitted to healthy cells, leading to amplification of the infection. although transfer of amastigotes from infected to healthy cells is a crucial step that may shape the outcome of the infection, it is not fully understood. here we compare l. amazonensis and l. guyanensis infection in c57bl/6 and balb/c mice and investigate the fate of macrophages whe ... | 2015 | 26513474 |
| molecular characterization of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the tri‑border area of assis brasil, acre state, brazil. | in this study, leishmania species were identified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the epidemiology of patients suspected of having american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of assis brasil, acre state, located in the brazil/peru/bolivia tri-border was also investigated. by pcr, the dna of leishmania was detected in 100% of the cases (37 samples) and a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the hsp 70 gene identified the species in 32 samples: leishmania (viannia) b ... | 2015 | 26422160 |
| effect of aliphatic, monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic, heterocyclic and sulphur-containing amino acids on leishmania spp. chemotaxis. | in the sand-fly mid gut, leishmania promastigotes are exposed to acute changes in nutrients, e.g. amino acids (aas). these metabolites are the main energy sources for the parasite, crucial for its differentiation and motility. we analysed the migratory behaviour and morphological changes produced by aliphatic, monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic, heterocyclic and sulphur-containing aas in leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis and demonstrated that l-methionine (10-12 m), l-tryptophan (10-1 ... | 2015 | 26396059 |
| further evidence of an association between the presence of leishmania rna virus 1 and the mucosal manifestations in tegumentary leishmaniasis patients. | tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) is endemic in latin america, and brazil contributes approximately 20 thousand cases per year. the pathogenesis of tl, however, is still not fully understood. clinical manifestations vary from cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) to more severe outcomes, such as disseminated leishmaniasis (dl), mucosal leishmaniasis (ml) and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (dcl). many factors have been associated with the severity of the disease and the development of lesions. recent studie ... | 2015 | 26372217 |
| molecular detection of leishmania in sand flies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) collected in the caititu indigenous reserve of the municipality of lábrea, state of amazonas, brazil. | phlebotominae sand flies are of medical importance because they are vectors of human pathogens, such as protozoa of the genus leishmania ross, etiological agent of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl). in lábrea, a municipality in the state of amazonas, brazil, acl is primarily associated with subsistence activities, such as collection and extraction of forest products, undertaken by both indigenous and nonindigenous people. data on acl in indigenous populations are scarce, such that there is ... | 2014 | 26309318 |
| novel dialkylphosphorylhydrazones: synthesis, leishmanicidal evaluation and theoretical investigation of the proposed mechanism of action. | as part of a program to develop new drugs for the treatment of neglected diseases, new dialkylphosphorylhydrazones were synthesized and evaluated against the trypanosomatid parasites leishmania braziliensis and leishmania amazonensis. the synthesis of these compounds proved satisfactory with yields ranging from moderate to good. the most active compounds against l. braziliensis presented ic50 values in the 10(-2) μm range, similar to that of the reference drug pentamidine. two compounds, 4m and ... | 2015 | 26107111 |
| the efficacy of 2-nitrovinylfuran derivatives against leishmania in vitro and in vivo. | despite recent advances in the treatment of some forms of leishmaniasis, the available drugs are still far from ideal due to inefficacy, parasite resistance, toxicity and cost. the wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity of 2-nitrovinylfuran compounds has been described, as has their activity against trichomonas vaginalis and other protozoa. thus, the aim of this study was to test the antileishmanial activities of six 2-nitrovinylfurans in vitro and in a murine model of leishmaniasis. minimum paras ... | 2015 | 25946239 |
| the efficacy of 2-nitrovinylfuran derivatives against leishmania in vitro and in vivo. | despite recent advances in the treatment of some forms of leishmaniasis, the available drugs are still far from ideal due to inefficacy, parasite resistance, toxicity and cost. the wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity of 2-nitrovinylfuran compounds has been described, as has their activity against trichomonas vaginalis and other protozoa. thus, the aim of this study was to test the antileishmanial activities of six 2-nitrovinylfurans in vitro and in a murine model of leishmaniasis. minimum paras ... | 2015 | 25807467 |
| interactions between neutrophils and leishmania braziliensis amastigotes facilitate cell activation and parasite clearance. | leishmania braziliensis and leishmania amazonensis are both causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in south america. however, patient prognosis and the host immune response differ considerably depending on the infecting parasite species. the mechanisms underlying these differences appear to be multifactorial, with both host and parasite components contributing to disease outcome. as neutrophils are a prominent component of the inflammatory infiltrate in chronic cutaneous, diffuse cutaneous ... | 2015 | 25766649 |
| in vitro metacyclogenesis of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis clinical field isolates, as evaluated by morphology, complement resistance, and infectivity to human macrophages. | this study was designed to assess in vitro metacyclogenesis of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis clinical field isolates obtained from patient lesions (l. braziliensis img3 and pps6m; l. amazonensis mab6). metacyclogenesis was evaluated by different criteria, namely, promastigote size (morphometric analysis and flow cytometry), surface modifications (loss of lectin or monoclonal antibody (mab) binding, complement resistance), and infectivity to human macro ... | 2015 | 25695070 |
| intranasal vaccination with leishmanial antigens protects golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) against leishmania (viannia) braziliensis infection. | previous results have shown that oral and intranasal administration of particulate leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis antigens (laag) partially protects mice against l. amazonensis infection. however, vaccination studies on species of the subgenus viannia, the main causative agent of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in the americas, have been hampered by the lack of easy-to-handle bio-models that accurately mimic the human disease. recently, we demonstrated that the golden hamster is an appr ... | 2015 | 25569338 |
| leishmania braziliensis replication protein a subunit 1: molecular modelling, protein expression and analysis of its affinity for both dna and rna. | replication factor a (rpa) is a single-strand dna binding protein involved in dna replication, recombination and repair processes. it is composed by the subunits rpa-1, rpa-2 and rpa-3; the major dna-binding activity resides in the subunit 1 of the heterotrimeric rpa complex. in yeast and higher eukaryotes, besides the three basic structural dna-binding domains, the rpa-1 subunit contains an n-terminal region involved in protein-protein interactions with a fourth dna-binding domain. remarkably, ... | 2014 | 25498946 |
| pterocarpanquinone lqb-118 induces apoptosis in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and controls lesions in infected hamsters. | previous results demonstrate that the hybrid synthetic pterocarpanquinone lqb-118 presents antileishmanial activity against leishmania amazonensis in a mouse model. the aim of the present study was to use a hamster model to investigate whether lqb-118 presents antileishmanial activity against leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, which is the major leishmania species related to american tegumentary leishmaniasis. the in vitro antileishmanial activity of lqb-118 on l. braziliensis was tested on the ... | 2014 | 25340550 |
| the comparative genomics and phylogenomics of leishmania amazonensis parasite. | leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by leishmania species. leishmania amazonensis is a new world leishmania species belonging to the mexicana complex, which is able to cause all types of leishmaniasis infections. the l. amazonensis reference strain mhom/br/1973/m2269 was sequenced identifying 8,802 codifying sequences (cds), most of them of hypothetical function. comparative analysis using six leishmania species showed a core set of 7,016 orthologs. l. amazonensis and leishmania mexica ... | 2014 | 25336895 |
| evidences for leishmanicidal activity of the naphthoquinone derivative epoxy-α-lapachone. | in this work, we analyze the leishmanicidal effects of epoxy-α-lapachone on leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis. promasigotes and amastigotes (inhabiting human macrophages) from both species were assayed to verify the compound's activity over the distinct morphological stages. the incubation with epoxy-α-lapachone led to a significant decrease in the numbers of promastigotes from both species in the cultures, in a dose-and time-dependent fashion. the surviva ... | 2014 | 25307687 |