| quantitative analysis of transcript accumulation from genes duplicated by polyploidy using cdna-sscp. | repeated rounds of polyploidy have been commonplace in the lineages leading to modern eukaryotic genomes, giving rise to widespread gene duplication. genes duplicated by polyploidy, or "homoeologs," may continue to be expressed at equal levels following polyploidization or their expression may be dramatically altered. in this report, we describe how sscp analysis of rt-pcr products can be used to evaluate the expression status (presence and relative quantity) of highly similar homoelogous gene p ... | 2003 | 12703297 |
| genes duplicated by polyploidy show unequal contributions to the transcriptome and organ-specific reciprocal silencing. | most eukaryotes have genomes that exhibit high levels of gene redundancy, much of which seems to have arisen from one or more cycles of genome doubling. polyploidy has been particularly prominent during flowering plant evolution, yielding duplicated genes (homoeologs) whose expression may be retained or lost either as an immediate consequence of polyploidization or on an evolutionary timescale. expression of 40 homoeologous gene pairs was assayed by cdna-single-stranded conformation polymorphism ... | 2003 | 12665616 |
| subgenome-specific markers in allopolyploid cotton gossypium hirsutum: implications for evolutionary analysis of polyploids. | we developed a set of genetic markers specific to the a and d genome types of cotton using representational difference analysis (rda). these markers produce amplification products with genomic dna from allotetraploid cotton gossypium hirsutum. one of the markers is a polymorphic amplified restriction fragment (parf) - a sequence found in both a and d genomes but differently flanked by restriction sites. results of phylogenetic analysis of the parf sequences from diploid cottons and from allotetr ... | 2003 | 12657471 |
| inheritance and fine mapping of fertility restoration for cytoplasmic male sterility in gossypium hirsutum l. | genetics of cms fertility restoration was presented through the analysis of classic genetics and molecular markers. based on f(2) segregation of the crosses between cms and the restoring lines, the testcrosses and f(1) x f(1) populations, together with rapd and ssr mapping, one dominant gene was identified to control the cms fertility restoration in cotton. the strategy of genotype representation analysis (gra) was put forward to screen the markers linked with the rf(1) locus. using 1,025 random ... | 2003 | 12589546 |
| analysis of genetic effects of major genes and polygenes on quantitative traits. ii. genetic models for seed traits of crops. | genetic models for quantitative seed traits with effects of several major genes and polygenes, as well as their ge interaction, were proposed. mixed linear model approaches were suggested for analyzing the genetic models. monte carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate unbiasedness and efficiency for estimating fixed effects and variance components of the embryo and the endosperm models, including effects of a major gene from an unbalanced modified diallel mating design with nine parents, res ... | 2002 | 12582922 |
| pcr-mediated recombination in amplification products derived from polyploid cotton. | pcr recombination describes a process of in vitro chimera formation from non-identical templates. the key requirement of this process is the inclusion of two partially homologous templates in one reaction, a condition met when amplifying any locus from polyploid organisms and members of multigene families from diploid organisms. because polyploids possess two or more divergent genomes ("homoeologues") in a common nucleus, intergenic chimeras can form during the pcr amplification of any gene. her ... | 2002 | 12582722 |
| rflp genetic linkage maps from four f(2.3) populations and a joinmap of gossypium hirsutum l. | an rflp genetic linkage joinmap was constructed from four different mapping populations of cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.). genetic maps from two of the four populations have been previously reported. the third genetic map was constructed from 199 bulk-sampled plots of an f(2.3) (hq95-6x'md51ne') population. the map comprises 83 loci mapped to 24 linkage groups with an average distance between markers of 10.0 centimorgan (cm), covering 830.1 cm or approximately 18% of the genome. the fourth gene ... | 2002 | 12582687 |
| genetic relationships and discrimination of ten influential upland cotton varieties using rapd markers. | influential upland cotton ( gossypium hirsutum l.) varieties are those that have the higher genetic contributions to modern upland cultivars than other germplasms. our previous research has shown significant differences in general combining ability (gca) effects for yield, yield components, and fiber properties among ten influential cotton varieties. in this study, we used random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) data to evaluate dna variation of these ten varieties. of 86 random decamer primers ... | 2002 | 12582535 |
| [responses of agricultural crops of free-air co2 enrichment]. | over the past decade, free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiments have been conducted on several agricultural crops: wheat(triticum aestivum l.), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and rice(oryza sativa l.) which are c3 grasses; sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) möench), a c4 grass; white clover (trifolium repens), a c3 legume; potato (solanum tuberosum l.), a c3 forb with tuber storage; and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and grape (vitis vinifera l.) which are c3 woody perennials. using reports fr ... | 2002 | 12557686 |
| [higher lint percent and drought tolerant cotton line selected by radiation breeding]. | the gossypium hirsutum cv. liaomian no. 9 were mutagenized by 60co gamma ray, from which the mutant line zhonghuzhi pi 935 (be called "pi 935" for short) was bred by family selection method. the pi 935 not only has some good traits (growing period, drought tolerance, lint color and fiber quality) similar to the original cultivar, but also has higher lint outturn and lint yield than that of the liaomian no. 9. the pi 935 has been identified and regional tested in nine places times for four years ... | 2001 | 12549010 |
| identification of a third fuzzless seed locus in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | segregating populations were developed to evaluate the inheritance of the fuzzless seed phenotypes in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). accession 143 of the mississippi obsolete variety collection (movc) has a fuzzless seed phenotype. this line carries the n(2) locus which is recessive to the seed fuzz phenotype. data from the f(2), bc(1)f(1), f(2:3), and bc(1)f(2) populations of dp 5690 x 143 fit a two-loci model for expression of the recessive fuzzless seed phenotype. fuzzless seeds were ... | 2003 | 12547925 |
| (18)o spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water, and dry matter in cotton leaves. | three leaf water models (two-pool model, péclet effect, and string-of-lakes) were assessed for their robustness in predicting leaf water enrichment and its spatial heterogeneity. this was achieved by studying the (18)o spatial patterns of vein xylem water, leaf water, and dry matter in cotton (gossypium hirsutum) leaves grown at different humidities using new experimental approaches. vein xylem water was collected from intact transpiring cotton leaves by pressurizing the roots in a pressure cham ... | 2002 | 12376664 |
| narrow-waveband reflectance ratios for remote estimation of nitrogen status in cotton. | tailoring nitrogen (n) fertilizer applications to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) in response to leaf n status may optimize n use efficiency and reduce off-site effects of excessive fertilizer use. this study compared leaf and canopy reflectance within the 350 to 950 nm range in order to identify reflectance ratios sensitive to leaf chlorophyll (chl), and hence n status, in cotton. plants were grown outdoors in large pots using half-strength hoagland's (control) solution until some three-row plot ... | 2013 | 12371160 |
| characterisation of six alpha-expansin genes in gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton). | a genomic library screen and pcr-based strategies were employed to isolate six genes with sequence similarity to a cotton fibre-specific mrna encoding an alpha-expansin. alpha-expansins are cell wall proteins that facilitate cell wall extension by disruption of non-covalent bonds between wall components. the characterisation and expression analysis of these six novel genes ( ghexp1-ghexp6) is described. four of them ( ghexp3- ghexp6) are expressed within multiple tissues of the cotton plant and ... | 2002 | 12242493 |
| n-acylethanolamines are metabolized by lipoxygenase and amidohydrolase in competing pathways during cottonseed imbibition. | saturated and unsaturated n-acylethanolamines (naes) occur in desiccated seeds primarily as 16c and 18c species with n-palmitoylethanolamine and n-linoleoylethanolamine (nae 18:2) being most abundant. here, we examined the metabolic fate of naes in vitro and in vivo in imbibed cotton (gossypium hirsutum) seeds. when synthetic [1-(14)c]n-palmitoylethanolamine was used as a substrate, free fatty acids (ffa) were produced by extracts of imbibed cottonseeds. when synthetic [1-(14)c]nae 18:2 was used ... | 2002 | 12226518 |
| the differential expression of sucrose synthase in relation to diverse patterns of carbon partitioning in developing cotton seed. | developing cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seed exhibits complex patterns of carbon allocation in which incoming sucrose (suc) is partitioned to three major sinks: the fibers, seed coat, and cotyledons, which synthesize cellulose, starch, and storage proteins or oils, respectively. in this study we investigated the role of suc synthase (susy) in the mobilization of suc into such sinks. assessments of susy gene expression at various levels led to the surprising conclusion that, in contrast to that ... | 1997 | 12223814 |
| tests of six cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) mutants for association with aneuploids. | genetic mutants are useful tools for basic and applied research to elucidate the developmental and regulatory processes of the cotton plant (gossypium hirsutum l.). their value is enhanced with knowledge of their location in the genome. the results of aneuploid tests used to locate mutant loci on specific chromosomes in g. hirsutum l. are reported. thirty-four monosomes and telosomes, representing 18 of the 26 chromosomes, were used in combination with six mutants that were associated with nine ... | 2002 | 12140273 |
| regulation of carbonic anhydrase gene expression in cotyledons of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings during post-germinative growth. | recently, plastidial carbonic anhydrase (ca) cdna clones encoding functional carbonic anhydrase enzymes were isolated from a 48 h dark-grown cotton seedling (cotyledons) cdna library (hoang et al., plant cell physiol. 40: 1999). here we examined the levels of relative transcript abundance and enzyme activities in cotyledons at different developmental stages and under different environmental conditions (i.e. altering co2 and light conditions), during post-germinative seedling growth. relative ca ... | 2002 | 12090621 |
| enhanced photochemical light utilization and decreased chilling-induced photoinhibition of photosystem ii in cotton overexpressing genes encoding chloroplast-targeted antioxidant enzymes. | the aim of this study was to determine whether increases in stromal superoxide dismutase (sod; ec 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (apx; ec 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (gr; ec 1.6.4.2) via transformation could reduce photosystem (ps) ii photoinhibition at low temperature for cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants and to determine by what mechanism this protection may be realized. during 3-h exposures of lincomycin-treated leaf discs to 10 degrees c and a photon flux density of 500 &mgr;mo ... | 2001 | 12060276 |
| quantification of the effects of management factors on maize (zea mays l.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) residues decomposition rate. | efforts to quantify management effects on decomposition rate of added substrates to the soil is important especially where such information is to be used for prediction in mathematical or simulation models. using data from a short-term (60 days) greenhouse simulation study, a procedure for quantifying effects of management on som and substrate decomposition is presented. using microbial growth rate u(q), microbial efficiency in substrate utilization e(q), specific decomposition rates for added p ... | 2002 | 12046283 |
| effect of factory effluents on physiological and biochemical contents of gossypium hirsutum l. | the effect of sago and sugar factory effluents was studied on gossypium hirsutum l. var. mcu 5 and mcu 11. plants were irrigated with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of effluents of both factories. at lower concentration (25%) of sugar factory effluents had stimulatory effect on all biochemical contents observed. moreover, all concentration of sago factory effluents were found to have inhibitory effect on all biochemical contents except proline content which increased with increasing concentration of bot ... | 2001 | 12018591 |
| [the cdna-aflp differential display in developing anthers between cotton male sterile and fertile line of "dong a"]. | cdna-aflp, an effective method for mrna differential display, was employed to compare the gene expression in developing anthers between the male sterile and fertile plants of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivar, dong a. in the micro-spore stage, there were more differential bands of cdna-aflp than that in the meio-phase stage. among 64 differential fragments produced by cdna-aflp, three were randomly selected for further analysis. rna dot blotting showed that the gha27 transcript was express ... | 2002 | 11985272 |
| effects of water deficit stress, shade, weed competition, and kaolin particle film on selected foliar free amino acid accumulations in cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.). | leaves of cotton plants, gossypium hirsutum l., stressed by water deficit, reduced daylight, and weed competition, or treated with a kaolin wettable powder formulation were analyzed for levels of 17 free amino acids (faas) using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. water deficit stress resulted in heightened free proline levels (49.9-fold, p < 0.001) that were correlated with diffusive resistance (seconds per centimeter). five other faas increased, and the amounts of total free ... | 2002 | 11944838 |
| tolerance and accumulation of shikimic acid in response to glyphosate applications in glyphosate-resistant and nonglyphosate-resistant cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | measurement of shikimic acid accumulation in response to glyphosate inhibition of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase is a rapid and accurate assay to quantify glyphosate-induced damage in sensitive plants. two methods of assaying shikimic acid, a spectrophotometric and a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method, were compared for their accuracy of recovering known amounts of shikimic acid spiked into plant samples. the hplc method recovered essentially 100% of shikimic acid ... | 2002 | 11804521 |
| heat stress induces the synthesis of a new form of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase in cotton leaves. | ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco; ec 4.1.1.39) activase mrna and protein synthesis were measured in the leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants under control (28 degrees c) or heat-stress (41 degrees c) conditions. a decline in activase transcript abundance occurred rapidly during the photoperiod and was unaffected by heat stress. in response to high temperature, de novo protein synthesis rapidly shifted from mainly expression of rubisco large and small subunits t ... | 2001 | 11762161 |
| [genetic diversity detected by dna markers and phenotypes in upland cotton]. | genetic diversity of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cultivars was evaluated by ssr, issr, and rapd. the genomic dnas of 36 domestic and exotic cultivars were amplified with 81 ssr primer pairs; 7 issr primers and 53 rapd primers, which yielded 282 polymorphic bands. the range of pair similarity coefficient (nei, m. and w. li 1979) between cultivars is from 0.5745 to 0.9291. the result indicated that although the present cultivars have genetic variation to a certain extent, the genetic bas ... | 2001 | 11725639 |
| sucrose phosphate synthase activity rises in correlation with high-rate cellulose synthesis in three heterotrophic systems. | based on work with cotton fibers, a particulate form of sucrose (suc) synthase was proposed to support secondary wall cellulose synthesis by degrading suc to fructose and udp-glucose. the model proposed that udp-glucose was then channeled to cellulose synthase in the plasma membrane, and it implies that suc availability in cellulose sink cells would affect the rate of cellulose synthesis. therefore, if cellulose sink cells could synthesize suc and/or had the capacity to recycle the fructose rele ... | 2001 | 11706202 |
| cell growth: the power of symplastic isolation. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers are single-celled seed coat hairs that elongate up to 2mm per day during a phase of rapid growth. recent evidence suggests this growth is orchestrated by a series of events which includes temporary closure of plasmodesmata. | 2001 | 11516666 |
| fate and toxicity of endosulfan in namoi river water and bottom sediment. | endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10,-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine-3-oxide) sorption (standardized to 1% total organic carbon and dry weight) was significantly (p < 0.05) more concentrated on the large (>63 microm) particle fraction compared with smaller size fractions (<5 microm and 5-24 microm) of bottom sediments from the namoi river, australia. following completion of the particle size fractionation (6 to 12 wk) and a sediment toxicity assessment (2 wk), the s ... | 2013 | 11401264 |
| endosulfan transport: i. integrative assessment of airborne and waterborne pathways. | to reduce endosulfan (c9h6o3cl6s; 6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5, 5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide) contamination in rivers and waterways, it is important to know the relative significances of airborne transport pathways (including spray drift, vapor transport, and dust transport) and waterborne transport pathways (including overland and stream runoff). this work uses an integrated modeling approach to assess the absolute and relative contributions of these pathways ... | 2013 | 11401261 |
| simulating endosulfan transport in runoff from cotton fields in australia with the gleams model. | endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide), a pesticide that is highly toxic to aquatic organisms, is widely used in the cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) industry in australia and is a risk to the downstream riverine environment. we used the gleams model to evaluate the effectiveness of a range of management scenarios aimed at minimizing endosulfan transport in runoff at the field scale. the field management scenarios simulated were (i) ... | 2013 | 11401260 |
| spray drift of pesticides arising from aerial application in cotton. | this paper presents results from field studies carried out during the 1993-1998 australian cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seasons to monitor off-target droplet movement of endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide) insecticide applied to a commercial cotton crop. averaged over a wide range of conditions, off-target deposition 500 m downwind of the field boundary was approximately 2% of the field-applied rate with oil-based applicatio ... | 2013 | 11401259 |
| off-site movement of endosulfan from irrigated cotton in new south wales. | the fate and transport of endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5, 5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide) applied to cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fields were studied throughout three consecutive years on two selected locations in new south wales (australia). rates of dissipation from foliage and soil, volatilization from the field, and transport of residues in irrigation and/or storm runoff waters were measured in order to estimate a total field balance. dissipation ... | 2013 | 11401258 |
| growth of cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum) as affected by water and sludge from a sewage treatment plant: ii. seed and fiber yield and heavy metal accumulation. | | 2001 | 11353376 |
| growth of cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum) as affected by water and sludge from a sewage treatment plant: i. plant phenology and development. | | 2001 | 11353375 |
| comparative development of fiber in wild and cultivated cotton. | one of the most striking examples of plant hairs is the single-celled epidermal seed trichome of cultivated cotton. the developmental morphology of these commercial "fibers" has been well-characterized in gossypium hirsutum, but little is known about the pattern and tempo of fiber development in wild gossypium species, all of which have short, agronomically inferior fiber. to identify developmental differences that account for variation in fiber length, and to place these differences in a phylog ... | 2010 | 11256432 |
| effect of heat stress on the inhibition and recovery of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activation state. | experiments were conducted to determine the relative contributions of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco; ec 4.1.1.39) activation state vis-a-vis rubisco activase and metabolite levels to the inhibition of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) photosynthesis by heat stress. exposure of leaf tissue in the light to temperatures of 40 or 45 degrees c decreased the activation state of rubisco to levels that were 65 or 10%, respectively, of the 28 degrees c control. ribulose-1,5-bispho ... | 2000 | 11219585 |
| effect of light intensity on in vitro multiple shoot induction and regeneration of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv khandawa-2). | cotyledonary nodes taken alongwith shoot apex from seedlings of cotton (g. hirsutum) proliferated into shoots on nutrient agar medium supplemented with cytokinins. in the presence of optimal plant growth regulators, low light intensity enhanced the number of shoots initiated per explant in cotton. an average of 33.5 +/- 2.9 shoots were obtained from a single explant cultured for 8 weeks which is about four fold higher than the values reported in earlier protocols. the isolated shoots were rooted ... | 2000 | 11218821 |
| changes in molecular species of triacylglycerols in developing cotton seeds under salt stress. | cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. s4) were grown and irrigated with increasing salt concentrations: 0, 50, 100 and 150 mm nacl. lipids from developing seeds, at stages of 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks after anthesis, were analysed. high salt dose (150 mm nacl) affected triacylglycerol levels drastically at the end of ripening. hplc analysis of triacylglycerols in control seeds showed ten molecular species. palmitodilinolein (pll) is the major fraction, representing about 25% of total triacylglycero ... | 2000 | 11171251 |
| [genetic analysis on flowering and boll setting in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). iii. genetic behavior at different developing stages]. | an additive-dominant genetic model with genotype by environment interaction was employed to analyze the genetic behavior of flowering and fruiting at different development stages, with 2-year data from 4 x 4 diallel crosses. the results of variance analysis indicated that flowering and fruiting behaviors were mainly controlled by dominant effects at early period, but by additive effects later on. compared with genetic main effects, ge interaction effects playeda minor role on the flowering and f ... | 2000 | 11132496 |
| thermal dependence of malate synthase activity and its relationship to the thermal dependence of seedling emergence. | cotton yields are often reduced by low temperatures at early planting dates. improved seedling metabolism at low temperatures may enhance seedling performance. the glyoxylate cycle plays a role in the metabolism of stored lipids, and thus thermal limitations on the function of malate synthase (ec 4.1.3.2) may be involved in low-temperature limitations on seedlings. the thermal dependencies of the apparent k(m) and maximal velocity for the malate synthases from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and ... | 2000 | 11052697 |
| effects of mild night chilling on respiration of expanding cotton leaves. | utilizing expanding leaves of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 312), the hypothesis that suboptimal night temperatures above those for putative phase transitions of mitochondrial lipids caused greater substrate control of night respiration and increased the control that respiration exerted on atp-dependent metabolism was tested. night respiratory co(2) evolution rates for 5-7-day-old leaves growing at 30/19 degrees (day/night) nearly equaled those of leaves exposed to 28 degrees c nights, ... | 2000 | 10960737 |
| multilocus interactions restrict gene introgression in interspecific populations of polyploid gossypium (cotton). | experimental advanced-generation backcross populations contain individuals with genomic compositions similar to those resulting from interspecific hybridization in nature. by applying a detailed restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) map to 3662 bc3f2 plants derived from 24 different bc1 individuals of a cross between gossypium hirsutum and g. barbadense, large and widespread deficiencies of donor (g. barbadense) chromatin were found, and seven independent chromosomal regions were entir ... | 2000 | 10937254 |
| ty1-copia-retrotransposon behavior in a polyploid cotton. | retrotransposons constitute a ubiquitous and dynamic component of plant genomes. intragenomic and intergenomic comparisons of related genomes offer potential insights into retrotransposon behavior and genomic effects. here, we have used fluorescent in-situ hybridization to determine the chromosomal distributions of a ty1-copia-like retrotransposon in the cotton ad-genome tetraploid gossypium hirsutum and closely related putative a- and d-genome diploid ancestors. retrotransposon clone a108 hybri ... | 2000 | 10730591 |
| dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates in developing leaves, bracts and floral buds of cotton. | development of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) squares (i.e. floral buds with bracts) is fundamental for yield formation. a 2-year field study was conducted to determine dry weight (dw) accumulations of cotton leaves, floral bracts and floral buds, and the changes in concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates (hexoses, sucrose and starch) in these tissues during square ontogeny as affected by fruiting positions within the plant canopy. during square development, dw accumulation of a subtendin ... | 2000 | 10725518 |
| an assessment of alphaalpha-tubulin isotype modification in developing cotton fiber. | multiple isoforms of alpha- and beta-tubulin accumulate in higher plant cells, including cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fiber. isotypes may originate either by transcription of distinct genes or by posttranslational modification of gene products. the existence of two types of posttranslational modification in cotton fiber alpha-tubulin has been examined by immunoblotting cotton fiber proteins from two developmental stages and by probing with specific monoclonal antibodies to acetylated (6-11b-1) ... | 2000 | 10648195 |
| expression of a lipid transfer protein gene family during cotton fibre development. | there are six to eight lipid transfer protein-related genes in the allotetraploid gossypium hirsutum genome, three of which, fsltp1, fsltp2 and fsltp3, were isolated in two genomic clones. all three genes potentially encode full-length lipid transfer proteins (ltps), but sequence differences between these and the cotton fibre-specific cdna previously reported, pfs6, suggest that none is likely to encode the fibre transcripts. gene-specific rt-pcr experiments showed that expression patterns of th ... | 2000 | 10634943 |
| identification and cloning of a complementary dna encoding a vicilin-like proprotein, jug r 2, from english walnut kernel (juglans regia), a major food allergen. | walnuts and other tree nuts are important food-allergen sources that have the potential to be associated with life-threatening, ige-mediated systemic reactions in some individuals. | 1999 | 10589017 |
| duplicated genes evolve independently after polyploid formation in cotton. | of the many processes that generate gene duplications, polyploidy is unique in that entire genomes are duplicated. this process has been important in the evolution of many eukaryotic groups, and it occurs with high frequency in plants. recent evidence suggests that polyploidization may be accompanied by rapid genomic changes, but the evolutionary fate of discrete loci recently doubled by polyploidy (homoeologues) has not been studied. here we use locus-specific isolation techniques with comparat ... | 1999 | 10588718 |
| conditioning of fasciation by gibberellin and genotype in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | the round-leafed mutant cotton line l-501 developed fasciation of the upper stem when field grown in central asia. fasciation co-segregated with the mutant gene for round leaves in.(l) fasciation developed at the flowering stage, but removal of floral buds did not prevent fasciation. fasciation in l-501 could be inhibited by the gibberellin (ga) biosynthesis inhibitor chlorocholine chloride or by fusicoccin. ga(3) application in the field induced fasciation in the mutant's parental line l-463, w ... | 1999 | 10467019 |
| mobility of the herbicide pyrithiobac through intact soil columns. | the relative mobility of pyrithiobac [sodium 2-chloro-6-(4, 6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylthio)benzoate], a new herbicide used for postemergence control of broadleaf weeds in cotton (gossypium hirsutum), was evaluated and compared against that of bromide (br(-)) tracer on four soils representative of cotton-growing regions using intact soil columns under saturated flow conditions. pyrithiobac breakthrough curves were asymmetrical in shape with significant tailing and displaced to the left of 1 pore v ... | 1999 | 10564050 |
| hmg-coa reductase gene family in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.): unique structural features and differential expression of hmg2 potentially associated with synthesis of specific isoprenoids in developing embryos. | as a first step towards understanding the biosynthesis of isoprenoids that accumulate in specialized pigment glands of cotton at the molecular level, two full-length genes (hmg1 and hmg2) were characterized encoding hmg-coa reductase (hmgr; ec 1.1.1.34), the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a key isoprenoid precursor. cotton hmgr genes exhibited features typical of other plant genes, however, hmg2 encodes the largest of all plant hmgr enzymes described to date. hmg2 contains several novel ... | 1999 | 10501034 |
| gene-specific changes in alpha-tubulin transcript accumulation in developing cotton fibers. | the fibers of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) are single-cell trichomes that undergo rapid and synchronous elongation. cortical microtubules provide spatial information necessary for the alignment of cellulose microfibrils that confine and regulate cell elongation. we used gene-specific probes to investigate alpha-tubulin transcript levels in elongating cotton fibers. two discrete patterns of transcript accumulation were observed. whereas transcripts of alpha-tubulin genes ghtua2/3 and ghtua4 increa ... | 1999 | 10482673 |
| new ribosomal rna gene locations in gossypium hirsutum mapped by meiotic fish. | in this study we have mapped newly identified rdna loci in gossypium hirsutum. four new minor 18s-26s rdna loci, in addition to the sites previously identified, were mapped using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) to heterozygous translocation (nt) quadrivalents (ivs). the newly detected 18s-26s rdna loci were mapped to the right arms of chromosomes 8, 9, 15, 17, 19, 20, and 23 and the left arms of chromosomes 5, 11, 12, and 14. using the rdna loci as common reference points, we detected ... | 1999 | 10398849 |
| differential regulation of six novel myb-domain genes defines two distinct expression patterns in allotetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | a pcr-based strategy was employed to identify myb-related genes potentially involved in the differentiation and development of cotton seed trichomes. cdna clones representing six newly identified cotton myb-domain genes (ghmyb) of the r2r3-myb family were characterized in the allotetraploid species gossypium hirsutum l. (2n = 4x = 52; aadd). several interesting motifs and domains in the transregulatory region (trr) were identified as potential candidates for modulating ghmyb activity. one such s ... | 1999 | 10394903 |
| low levels of nucleotide diversity at homoeologous adh loci in allotetraploid cotton (gossypium l.). | levels of genetic diversity within and among populations and species are shaped by both external (population-level) and internal (genomic and genic) evolutionary forces. to address the effect of internal pressures, we estimated nucleotide diversity for a pair of homoeologous adh loci in an allotetraploid species, gossypium hirsutum. these data represent the first such estimates for a pair of homoeologous nuclear loci in plants. estimates of nucleotide diversity for adha in gossypium are lower th ... | 1999 | 10331275 |
| inhibition and acclimation of photosynthesis to heat stress is closely correlated with activation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase | increasing the leaf temperature of intact cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants caused a progressive decline in the light-saturated co2-exchange rate (cer). cer was more sensitive to increased leaf temperature in wheat than in cotton, and both species demonstrated photosynthetic acclimation when leaf temperature was increased gradually. inhibition of cer was not a consequence of stomatal closure, as indicated by a positive relationship between leaf temperature an ... | 1999 | 10318695 |
| coordinated accumulation of (+)-delta-cadinene synthase mrnas and gossypol in developing seeds of gossypium hirsutum and a new member of the cad1 family from g. arboreum. | a new member of the (+)-delta-cadinene synthase (cad1) family was isolated from a gossypium arboreum cdna library. this cdna encodes a protein that showed 97.3%, 96.9%, and 79.2% sequence identities with the proteins encoded by previously isolated cdnas of cad1-c1, cad1-c14, and cad1-a, respectively. it may be grouped into the cad1-c subfamily as cad1-c2. seeds of a glanded cotton cultivar, g. hirsutum cv. sumian-6, were collected at different intervals during maturation, and the cad1 mrna level ... | 1999 | 10075752 |
| glycerol is a suberin monomer. new experimental evidence for an old hypothesis | the monomer composition of the esterified part of suberin can be determined using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy technology and is accordingly believed to be well known. however, evidence was presented recently indicating that the suberin of green cotton (gossypium hirsutum cv green lint) fibers contains substantial amounts of esterified glycerol. this observation is confirmed in the present report by a sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction of membrane lipids and by a developmental study, demo ... | 1999 | 10069853 |
| isolation of a cotton cap gene: a homologue of adenylyl cyclase-associated protein highly expressed during fiber elongation. | the cdna encoding cap (adenylyl cyclase-associated protein) was isolated from a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber cdna library. the cdna (ghcap) contained an open reading frame that encoded 471 amino acid residues. rna blot analysis showed that the cotton cap gene was expressed mainly in young fibers. | 1998 | 10050322 |
| the lance nematode, hoplolaimus magnistylus, on cotton in arkansas. | the population density of hoplolaimus magnistylus, a lance nematode, in cotton was determined at planting, mid-season, and harvest during the 1995 and 1996 growing seasons for a poinsett county, arkansas field. nematode populations increased from planting to harvest in 1995 but declined in 1996. application of aldicarb at planting at rates of 0.59 or 0.84 kg a.i./ha did not influence either nematode population density or cotton yield. this study indicates that h. magnistylus is not a serious pes ... | 1998 | 19274251 |
| structural analysis of a hmg-coa-reductase pseudogene: insights into evolutionary processes affecting the hmgr gene family in allotetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | structural analysis of hmg-coa reductase (hmgr) genes in the allotetraploid cotton species gossypium hirsutum l. revealed the first-known existence of a pseudogene, psihmg5, for this important enzyme. complete sequencing of the genomic clone hmg5 unveiled several deleterious lesions, resulting in an organization that departed significantly from the linear canonical hmgr gene structure. although analysis of the 5' flanking region indicated a promoter-like composition based on comparison with othe ... | 1998 | 9799357 |
| a fiberless seed mutation in cotton is associated with lack of fiber cell initiation in ovule epidermis and alterations in sucrose synthase expression and carbon partitioning in developing seeds | fiber cell initiation in the epidermal cells of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) ovules represents a unique example of trichome development in higher plants. little is known about the molecular and metabolic mechanisms controlling this process. here we report a comparative analysis of a fiberless seed (fls) mutant (lacking fibers) and a normal (fls) mutant to better understand the initial cytological events in fiber development and to analyze the metabolic changes that are associated with the loss ... | 1998 | 9765525 |
| genes involved in osmoregulation during turgor-driven cell expansion of developing cotton fibers are differentially regulated. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fibers are single-celled trichomes that synchronously undergo a phase of rapid cell expansion, then a phase including secondary cell wall deposition, and finally maturation. to determine if there is coordinated regulation of gene expression during fiber expansion, we analyzed the expression of components involved in turgor regulation and a cytoskeletal protein by measuring levels of mrna and protein accumulation and enzyme activity. fragments of the genes for the p ... | 1998 | 9536073 |
| moderately high temperatures inhibit ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase-mediated activation of rubisco | we tested the hypothesis that light activation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) is inhibited by moderately elevated temperature through an effect on rubisco activase. when cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) or wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaf tissue was exposed to increasing temperatures in the light, activation of rubisco was inhibited above 35 and 30 degreesc, respectively, and the relative inhibition was greater for wheat than for cotton. the temperature-induced inhib ... | 1998 | 9490757 |
| growth and mitotic potential of multicelled fibers of cotton (malvaceae). | we tested the hypothesis that the growth of multicelled cotton fibers of gossypium hirsutum, cultivar md51 ne, occurs exclusively within the tip cell. direct cellular measurements proved the hypothesis incorrect. the results show that all cells within a fiber grow and that the relative growth of the tip cell is reduced as the number of cells per fiber increases. also, measurements of two- and three-celled fibers show that the two daughter nuclei in two-celled fibers differ. the ability to divide ... | 1998 | 21684876 |
| cotton fibers can undergo cell division. | ovular culture was used to determine the cell cycle aspects of cotton fiber cells. each ovule (gossypium hirsutum, cultivar, md51 ne) grown under the conditions used has ~10 000 fiber cells at 4 d postanthesis. about 25% of these cells divide when ovules are cultured at 34c. mitosis occurs after fiber cells differentiate, producing multicelled fibers. the basal and tip cells of multicelled fibers have the same characteristics as the polar ends of single-celled fibers. most cell division occurs i ... | 1997 | 21708678 |
| identification of a delta-tip cdna clone and determination of related a and d genome subfamilies in gossypium species. | tonoplast intrinsic proteins (tips) have been implicated in the process of cell elongation, such as occurs in the developing cotton fiber. we have isolated a cdna clone (997 bp in length) from a cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) library which putatively encodes a protein of 248 residues (mr 25079) with 85% identity to arabidopsis delta-tip. the derived amino acid sequence included two conserved sequences associated with major intrinsic proteins (sgxhxnpa at residues 78 to 85, npa residues at 197 to ... | 1997 | 9177317 |
| identification of a cotton fiber-specific acyl carrier protein cdna by differential display. | transcripts from immature fibers and stripped ovules (fibers removed) of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) were compared by differential display to identify cdna fragments that represent mrnas that are expressed primarily in cotton fibers. eight independent fiber-specific cdna fragments were isolated. one of these cdnas had strong sequence similarity with acyl carrier protein (acp). a full-length cdna for the cotton fiber-specific acp was isolated using a pcr cdna library screening technique. this ... | 1997 | 9130594 |
| interference among cotton neighbours after differential reproductive damage. | in indeterminate plant species, the rate of vegetative growth usually declines during the stage of active reproductive growth. fruit shedding, as induced by insect herbivores, could counteract this decline. due to the relative increase in vegetative growth, plants that have suffered reproductive damage could be better able to intercept light and acquire soil resources than undamaged plants. if so, plants with damaged neighbours might grow less than their counterparts with smaller, undamaged neig ... | 1997 | 28307540 |
| genetic diversity evaluation of some elite cotton varieties by rapd analysis. | random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used to evaluate the genetic diversity of elite commercial cotton varieties. twenty two varieties belonging to gossypium hirsutum l. and one to g. arboreum l. were analyzed with 50 random decamer primers using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). forty nine primers detected polymorphism in all 23 cotton varieties, while one produced monomorphic amplification profiles. a total of 349 bands were amplified, 89.1% of which were polymorphic. cluste ... | 1997 | 19352756 |
| antioxidant response to nacl stress in a control and an nacl-tolerant cotton cell line grown in the presence of paraquat, buthionine sulfoximine, and exogenous glutathione. | a cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) control and nacl-tolerant cell line (cv coker 312) were grown on media with or without nacl in the presence or absence of paraquat, buthionine sulfoximine, and oxidized glutathione. on medium with 150 mm nacl the nacl-tolerant cell line exhibited no reduction in growth, whereas a 96% reduction was observed in the control line. the nacl-tolerant cell line that was grown on 150 mm nacl exhibited significantly greater catalase (341%), peroxidase (319%), glutathione ... | 1996 | 12226422 |
| ribosomal protein rl44 is encoded by two subfamilies in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | we have isolated 4 cdna clones encoding the full-length sequence of the eukaryotic ribosomal protein rl44 from upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). sequencing of these clones resulted in the classification of 2 subfamilies of rl44; these subfamilies had coding regions (315 bp) which were 92% identical. rl44-1 (454 bp) and rl44-2 (485 bp) constitute subfamily 1, whereas rl44-3 (913 bp) and rl44-5 (541 bp) constitute subfamily 2. the differences in nucleotide sequences, however, occurred only at ... | 1996 | 8806588 |
| regeneration of plants from cryopreserved embryogenic cell suspension and callus cultures of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | successful regeneration of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) plants from cryopreserved embryogenic callus and cell suspension cultures is described. the cryoprotectant mixture consisting of a modified murashige and skoog (1962) medium with sucrose (5% w/v), dmso (5% v/v) and glycerol (5% v/v) gave the highest survival rate (70%) from cell suspension cultures cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen after slow cooling (0.5 to 1.0°c/min). a cooling rate of 0.5°c/min provided a satisfactory recovery rate (30% ... | 1996 | 24178225 |
| ish-facilitated analysis of meiotic bivalent pairing. | chiasmata constitute one of the cornerstones of sexual reproduction in most eukaryotes. they mediate the reciprocal genetic exchange between homologues and are essential to the proper orientation of the homologous centromeres in meiosis i. as markers of recombination, they offer a cytological means of mapping. rather than trying to accurately count individual chiasmata, we have examined properties of the mathematical relationship between frequencies of nonadorned disomic configurations in meiosi ... | 1996 | 18469936 |
| the alcohol dehydrogenase genes of cotton. | we report here the initial characterization of the alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) gene family of the allotetraploid gossypium hirsutum, a crop plant that is highly sensitive to waterlogging. twelve adh cdnas were isolated from a library constructed from rna prepared from anaerobically stressed root tips. nine of the twelve cdnas fell into one class, while each of the other three cdnas fell into a separate class. the 3'-untranslated regions had little or no homology between classes implying that eac ... | 1996 | 8806419 |
| distribution of 5s and 18s-28s rdna loci in a tetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and its putative diploid ancestors. | the most widely cultivated species of cotton, gossypium hirsutum, is a disomic tetraploid (2n=4x=52). it has been proposed previously that extant a- and d-genome species are most closely related to the diploid progenitors of the tetraploid. we used fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) to determine the distribution of 5s and 18s-28s rdna loci in the a-genome species g. herbaceum and g. arboreum, the d-genome species g. raimondii and g. thurberi, and the ad tetraploid g. hirsutum. high signal- ... | 1996 | 8662259 |
| specific binding of a verticillium dahliae phytotoxin to protoplasts of cotton, gossypium hirsutum. | the occurrence of specific, high-affinity binding sites for a protein-lipopolysaccharide (plp) phytotoxin purified from culture filtrates of a virulent vertidllium dahliae isolate has been demonstrated in cotton protoplasts. binding of the (125)i-radiolabelled plp-complex to protoplasts from cotyledon tissue was saturable and with an affinity (kd = 17.3 nm) comparable with the concentration required for biological activity. a single class of binding site, accessible at the surface of the intact ... | 1996 | 24178171 |
| establishment of molecular markers and linkage groups in two f2 populations of upland cotton. | two f2 populations of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) from the crosses of hs46 x marcabucag8us-1-88 (mar) and hs46 x pee dee 5363 (pd5363) were characterized for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) using dna probes. seventy-three probe/enzyme combinations were used in the hs46 x mar population analysis, which resulted in 42 informative polymorphic fragments. these 42 moleclar markers represented 26 polymorphic loci, which consisted of 15 codominant and 11 dominant (+/-) genotypes. c ... | 1996 | 24166617 |
| volatile semiochemicals released from undamaged cotton leaves (a systemic response of living plants to caterpillar damage). | cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum l.), attacked by herbivorous insects release volatile semiochemicals (chemical signals) that attract natural enemies of the herbivores to the damaged plants. we found chemical evidence that volatiles are released not only at the damaged site but from the entire cotton plant. the release of volatiles was detected from upper, undamaged leaves after 2 to 3 d of continuous larval damage on lower leaves of the same plant. compounds released systemically were (z)-3-he ... | 1996 | 12226304 |
| characterization and expression of metallothionein-like genes in cotton. | we have characterized cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) genes encoding type 1 metallothionein-like proteins that are highly expressed in roots. little or no expression of these genes was detected in other organs and tissues. the deduced amino acid sequences have a high degree of similarity with type 1 metallothionein-like proteins from other plants, including a central hydrophobic domain flanked by conserved cysteine-rich motifs. the type 1 metallothionein-like genes of cotton are encoded by a smal ... | 1996 | 8790303 |
| systemic induction of feeding deterrents in cotton plants by feeding ofspodoptera spp. larvae. | cotton,gossypium hirsutum l., has been shown to exhibit systemic induced resistance to arthropods under certain conditions. we conducted experiments to determine the effects of previous feeding ofspodoptera exigua hübner andspodoptera littoralis (boisd.) larvae on feeding behavior, growth, and survival of larvae subsequently feeding on cotton. in one feeding choice test,s. exigua larvae preferred young leaves from undamaged control plants to undamaged young leaves from a previously damaged plant ... | 1996 | 24227615 |
| changing the dimensions of suberin lamellae of green cotton fibers with a specific inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated fatty acid elongases. | the fibers of the green lint mutant of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) contain large amounts of wax and are suberized. more than 96% of the bifunctional aliphatic suberin monomers ([alpha],[omega]-alkanedioic acids and [omega]-hydroxyalkanoic acids) have chain lengths of c22 and c24 in green cotton fiber suberin. in fibers grown in the presence of s-ethyl-n,n-dipropylthiocarbamate (eptc), a specific inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated fatty acid elongases, the aliphatic suberin mono ... | 1996 | 12226192 |
| structural characterization of genes corresponding to cotton fiber mrna, e6: reduced e6 protein in transgenic plants by antisense gene. | two genes, each corresponding to fiber mrna e6, were isolated from cotton cultivars coker 312 (gossypium hirsutum l.) and sea island (g. barbadense l.). e6 is one of the predominant fiber-specific mrnas present during early fiber development. the distinguishing feature of nucleotide-derived e6 protein is the presence of a motif where a dimer, ser-gly, is repeated several times. two of the sea island genes contained a pentameric motif, ser-gly, while one of the coker genes had one and the other h ... | 1996 | 8616253 |
| sucrose synthase localization during initiation of seed development and trichome differentiation in cotton ovules. | sucrose synthase in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) ovules was immunolocalized to clarify the relationship between this enzyme and (a) sucrose import/utilization during initiation of seed development, (b) trichome differentiation, and (c) cell-wall biosynthesis in these rapidly elongating "fibers." analyses focused on the period immediately before and after trichome initiation (at pollination). internal tissues most heavily immunolabeled were the developing nucellus, adjacent integument (inner su ... | 1995 | 12228669 |
| diversity in cyclic sesquiterpene production by gossypium hirsutum. | major sesquiterpene components of oil of texas race stock 810 of gossypium hirsutum were alpha- and beta-selinene. this is the seventh cyclic terpene type found to date in this genus. both alpha- and beta-selinene, along with aromadendrene, were found but only as minor components of extracts of several domestic cultivars of g. hirsutum. | 1995 | 8590634 |
| genetic fingerprinting of australian cotton cultivars with rapd markers. | rapd (random amplified polymorphic dna) markers generated by 30 random decamer primers were used to fingerprint 12 released cultivars and a breeding line of gossypium hirsutum and 1 cultivar of g. barbadense presently under cultivation in australia. among a total of 453 developed markers, 69 (15.2%) were only present (unique) in the g. barbadense cultivar pima s-7. of the remaining markers, 128 (33.3%) were fixed in all 13 g. hirsutum cultivars. in pairwise comparisons of the degree of band shar ... | 1995 | 18470223 |
| a membrane-associated form of sucrose synthase and its potential role in synthesis of cellulose and callose in plants. | sucrose synthase (susy; ec 2.4.1.13; sucrose + udp reversible udpglucose + fructose) has always been studied as a cytoplasmic enzyme in plant cells where it serves to degrade sucrose and provide carbon for respiration and synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides and starch. we report here that at least half of the total susy of developing cotton fibers (gossypium hirsutum) is tightly associated with the plasma membrane. therefore, this form of susy might serve to channel carbon directly from sucro ... | 1995 | 7568131 |
| n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine in dry and imbibing cottonseeds. amounts, molecular species, and enzymatic synthesis. | n-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (nape), an unusual acylated derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), was recently shown to be synthesized from pe and free fatty acids in cotyledons of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings (k.d. chapman, t.s. moore [1993] plant physiol 102: 761-769). here we report that nape is present in dry seeds of cotton and increases with time of imbibition from 2.31 nmol/seed in dry seeds to 4.26 nmol/seed in 4-h-soaked seeds. total phospholipid/seed also increased su ... | 1995 | 7480326 |
| solubilization and partial characterization of extensin fragments from cell walls of cotton suspension cultures. evidence for a covalent cross-link between extensin and pectin. | extensin, a major hydroxyproline (hyp)-rich glycoprotein in walls of cultured cells of dicotyledonous plants, is very difficult to solubilize. to learn about the nature of the insolubilization, we have tested the ability of a variety of selective hydrolytic methods, and combinations of them, to liberate extensin or fragments of extensin from suspension-culture cell walls. after the complete deglycosylation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) walls, trypsinization solubilized 80% of the hyp. the se ... | 1995 | 7659756 |
| expression of two related vacuolar h(+)-atpase 16-kilodalton proteolipid genes is differentially regulated in a tissue-specific manner. | the 16-kd proteolipid subunit is the principal integral membrane protein of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) complex that forms the proton channel responsible for translocating protons across lipid bilayers. two degenerate synthetic oligonucleotides, cot11 and cot12, corresponding to highly conserved transmembrane domains in all 16-kd subunits sequenced so far, were used to amplify a partial cdna of the v-atpase proteolipid subunit from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) by polymerase chain react ... | 1995 | 7659746 |
| characterization of mrna for a proline-rich protein of cotton fiber. | cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) mrna (h6) is expressed predominantly in fiber cells and is present during early primary cell wall formation. however, h6 protein is found to accumulate during later stages, when active secondary cell wall formation occurs, indicating possible regulation at the translational level and function in the secondary cell wall assembly. the nucleotide-derived amino acid sequence of pck-h6 is proline rich (35 mol %) with a calculated molecular mass of 21 kd. cotton protein ... | 1995 | 7610164 |
| a cdna encoding ribosomal protein s4e from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | | 1995 | 7784518 |
| characterization of a cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fiber mrna (fb-b6). | | 1995 | 7770543 |
| [beta]-glucan synthesis in the cotton fiber (iv. in vitro assembly of the cellulose i allomorph). | in vitro assembly of cellulose from plasma membrane extracts of the cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber was enriched by a combination of 3-(n-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid extraction buffer and two independent digitonin solubilization steps consisting of 0.05% digitonin (se1) followed by 1% digitonin (se2). glucan synthase activity assays revealed that, although the se2 fraction possessed higher activity, only 8.6% of the in vitro product survived acetic/nitric acid treatment. on the other hand, ... | 1995 | 12228346 |
| herbivore-induced volatile emissions from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) seedlings. | the effect of herbivory on the composition of the volatile blends released by cotton seedlings was investigated by collecting volatiles from undamaged, freshly damaged (0-2 hr after initiation of feeding), and old damaged (16-19 hr after initiation of feeding) plants on which corn earworm caterpillars (helicoverpa zea boddie) were actively feeding. a blend of 22 compounds was consistently observed to be emitted by the old damaged plants with nine occurring either only in, or in significantly gre ... | 1994 | 24241975 |
| a modified hot borate method significantly enhances the yield of high-quality rna from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | the isolation of biologically active rna from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) is difficult due to interference by high levels of endogenous phenolics, polysaccharides, and secondary metabolites. a modified hot borate procedure was developed to combat these cellular constituents during tissue homogenization, resulting in the quantitative recovery of rna suitable for hybridization analysis, in vitro translation, and cdna synthesis. the efficacy of several hot borate buffer adjuvants for the qualita ... | 1994 | 7535022 |
| effects of host plant,gossypium hirsutum l., on sexual attraction of cabbage looper moths,trichoplusia ni (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | unmated female or male cabbage looper moths,trichoplusia ni (hübner), were attracted more often in a flight tunnel to a cage with moths of the opposite sex and a bouquet of cotton foliage. increased sexual attractiveness of females with plants may be a result of stimulation of pheromone release in response to plant odor, since more males were attracted when odor of cotton foliage was passed over females than when odor of females was passed over cotton foliage before venting into the flight tunne ... | 1994 | 24241928 |
| isolation and characterization of a cdna encoding ribosomal protein s16 from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | | 1994 | 7824648 |
| ancient origin of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase 69-kilodalton catalytic subunit superfamily. | recently, two distinct cdna clones encoding the catalytic subunit of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) were isolated from the allotetraploid cotton species gossypium hirsutum l. cv 'acala sj-2' (wilkins 1992, 1993). differences in the nucleotide sequence of these clones were used as molecular markers to explore the organization and structure of the v-atpase catalytic subunit genes in the a and d genomes of diploid and allotetraploid cotton species. nucleotide sequencing of polymerase chain rea ... | 1994 | 24177903 |