| early pathological changes in the central nervous system of acutely feline-immunodeficiency-virus-infected cats. | the animal model of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection of cats was used to dissect the pathogenic role of microglia within the first 6 months of infection. applying real-time pcr, microglia-associated fiv replication was first detectable at 14 days past inoculation (dpi) and remained at elevated levels throughout the whole observation period. in contrast, fiv rna levels within paired serum samples declined again after an initial peak between 14 dpi and 28 dpi. concomitant with the ons ... | 2005 | 16168453 |
| low-dose interferon-alpha treatment for feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | feline immunodeficiency virus sustains an aids-like syndrome in cats, which is considered a relevant model for human aids. under precise enrolment requirements, 30 naturally infected cats showing overt disease were included in a trial of low-dose, oral human interferon-alpha treatment. twenty-four of them received 10 iu/kg of human interferon-alpha and 6 placebo only on a daily basis under veterinary supervision. the low-dose human interferon-alpha treatment significantly prolonged the survival ... | 2006 | 16169599 |
| persistent gene expression in mouse nasal epithelia following feline immunodeficiency virus-based vector gene transfer. | gene transfer development for treatment or prevention of cystic fibrosis lung disease has been limited by the inability of vectors to efficiently and persistently transduce airway epithelia. influenza a is an enveloped virus with natural lung tropism; however, pseudotyping feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-based lentiviral vector with the hemagglutinin envelope protein proved unsuccessful. conversely, pseudotyping fiv with the envelope protein from influenza d (thogoto virus gp75) resulted in ... | 2005 | 16188984 |
| generation of feline dendritic cells derived from peripheral blood monocytes for in vivo use. | dendritic cells (dcs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that can prime t cells and polarize the cellular immune response. because th1-type immune responses have been connected to success in combating viral infection, a promising therapeutic application of dcs would be their differentiation in vitro and injection back into the host to boost an immune response in infected animals. this study was aimed both at developing a protocol to cultivate feline dcs in the absence of exogenous protein ... | 2005 | 16210484 |
| spirometra erinacei / s. erinaceieuropaei in a feral cat in manawatu with chronic intermittent diarrhoea. | a feral cat captured in the manawatu region of new zealand was treated for worms and fleas, and kept confined in a metabolic cage. it showed good appetite and weight gain but had intermittent watery, yellow diarrhoea. | 2005 | 16220130 |
| sequences intervening between the core packaging determinants are dispensable for maintaining the packaging potential and propagation of feline immunodeficiency virus transfer vector rnas. | the packaging determinants of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) consist of two discontinuous core regions, extending from r to approximately 150 bp of the 5' untranslated region and the first approximately 100 bp of gag. however, the role of sequences intervening between the core regions in packaging has not been clear. a mutational analysis was conducted to determine whether the intervening sequences played a role in fiv rna packaging, using an in vivo packaging assay complemented with semiqu ... | 2005 | 16227303 |
| aberrant cortical neurogenesis in a pediatric neuroaids model: neurotrophic effects of growth hormone. | to study the effects of hiv-1 and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) on neural stem cell viability, together with the neurotrophic properties of growth hormone (gh) in models of pediatric neuroaids. | 2005 | 16227785 |
| chronic axillary wound repair in a cat with omentalisation and omocervical skin flap. | a mature, neutered male domestic cat was presented with a chronic axillary wound of unknown origin and at least three years' duration. the diagnostic investigation included screening tests for feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus, tissue culture and histological examination. no underlying aetiology or perpetuating cause could be identified. an omental flap was created, passed via a subcutaneous tunnel, and packed into the wound site after excision of all chronic granulation t ... | 2005 | 16245665 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus vaccine: implications for diagnostic testing and disease management. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a common feline pathogen, with an overall infection prevalence of approximately 11% in cats worldwide. most infected cats eventually succumb due to direct viral effects or, more commonly, to secondary infections resulting from virus-induced immunosuppression. fiv infection is considered lifelong, and diagnosis most often relies on detection of virus-specific antibodies. a currently available whole virus, adjuvanted, inactivated fiv vaccine induces antibodie ... | 2005 | 16257536 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus vaccine: a rational paradigm for clinical decision-making. | a veterinarian must take into consideration his/her responsibility to prevent disease when assessing the needs of a client's cat that is risk for fiv infection based on its established lifestyle. cats infected with fiv have debilitated immune functions and exhibit a high level of chronic morbidity impacting on the animal's welfare and the owner's economic abilities to maintain the pet. attempts to reduce the prevalence of fiv solely by advising clients to maintain their cats indoors has resulted ... | 2005 | 16257537 |
| efficient stimulation of hiv-1-specific t cells using dendritic cells electroporated with mrna encoding autologous hiv-1 gag and env proteins. | infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) is characterized by dysfunction of hiv-1-specific t cells. to control the virus, antigen-loaded dendritic cells (dcs) might be useful to boost and broaden hiv-specific t-cell responses. in the present study, monocyte-derived dcs from nontreated hiv-1-seropositive patients were electroporated with codon-optimized ("humanized") mrna encoding consensus hxb-2 (hhxb-2) gag protein. these dcs elicited a strong hiv-1 gag-specific interferon-gam ... | 2006 | 16263796 |
| real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay to detect a broad range of feline calicivirus isolates. | this report describes a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay with sybr green targeting the vp2 (orf 3) of feline caliciviruses. all of the 44 feline calicivirus isolates tested were detected, whereas neither feline herpesvirus, feline panleukopenia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus nor other calicivirus like rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus and a canine calicivirus isolate showed specific amplification products. the sensitivity of ... | 2006 | 16266755 |
| silencing primary dystonia: lentiviral-mediated rna interference therapy for dyt1 dystonia. | dyt1 is the most common inherited dystonia. currently, there are no preventive or curative therapies for this dominantly inherited disease. dyt1 dystonia is caused by a common three-nucleotide deletion in the tor1a gene that eliminates a glutamic acid residue from the protein torsina. recent studies suggest that torsina carrying the disease-linked mutation, torsina(deltae) acts through a dominant-negative effect by recruiting wild-type torsina [torsina(wt)] into oligomeric structures in the nucl ... | 2005 | 16280588 |
| regulation of neural cell survival by hiv-1 infection. | infection by the lentivirus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), results in a variety of syndromes involving both the central (cns) and the peripheral (pns) nervous systems. productive hiv-1 infection of the cns is chiefly detectable in perivascular macrophages and microglia. hiv-1 encoded transcripts and proteins have also been detected in the pns; however, productive viral replication appears to be sparse and restricted to the macrophage cell population. despite the absence of product ... | 2006 | 16298136 |
| restriction of feline immunodeficiency virus by ref1, lv1, and primate trim5alpha proteins. | the ref1 and lv1 postentry restrictions in human and monkey cells have been analyzed for lentiviruses in the primate and ungulate groups, but no data exist for the third (feline) group. we compared feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) to other restricted (human immunodeficiency virus type 1 [hiv-1], equine infectious anemia virus [eiav]) and unrestricted (nb-tropic murine leukemia virus [nb-mlv]) retroviruses across wide ranges of viral inputs in cells from multiple primate and nonprimate species ... | 2005 | 16306589 |
| [evolution of lentiviruses and receptor specificity]. | lentiviruses consist of primate lentiviruses, ungulate lentiviruses and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). the primate lentiviruses utilize cd4 and chemokine receptors as a primary receptor and coreceptors, respectively. recently we found that fiv utilizes cd134 and cxcr4 as a primary receptor and a coreceptor, respectively. fiv utilizes feline cd134 but not human cd134, whereas it can utilize both feline and human cxcr4. exceptionally an fiv laboratory strain can infect human cells via cxcr4 ... | 2005 | 16308527 |
| phylogenetic analysis of portuguese feline immunodeficiency virus sequences reveals high genetic diversity. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus responsible for an immunodeficiency like disease in domestic cats. based on the genetic diversity of the v3-v5 region of env gene fiv is divided in five phylogenetic subtypes (a, b, c, d and e) with a world-wide distribution. to understand the subtype diversity of fiv in portugal a serological survey was conducted during 1 year in the veterinary faculty hospital, lisbon, portugal to identify seropositive animals. two viral genomic regions were ... | 2006 | 16384661 |
| perfusion of his-tagged eukaryotic myocilin increases outflow resistance in human anterior segments in the presence of aqueous humor. | a previous study by the authors has shown that recombinant myocilin purified from a prokaryotic expression system increases outflow resistance in cultured human anterior segments. the present study was performed to determine whether full-length myocilin purified from a human trabecular meshwork cell expression system alters outflow resistance after infusion into human anterior segments. | 2006 | 16384965 |
| a diffusive si model with allee effect and application to fiv. | a minimal reaction-diffusion model for the spatiotemporal spread of an infectious disease is considered. the model is motivated by the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) which causes aids in cat populations. because the infected period is long compared with the lifespan, the model incorporates the host population growth. two different types are considered: logistic growth and growth with a strong allee effect. in the model with logistic growth, the introduced disease propagates in form of a tra ... | 2007 | 16387332 |
| enhancement of infectivity and persistence in vivo by hbz, a natural antisense coded protein of htlv-1. | natural antisense viral transcripts have been recognized in retroviruses, including human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 (htlv-1), hiv-1, and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and have been postulated to encode proteins important for the infection cycle and/or pathogenesis of the virus. the antisense strand of the htlv-1 genome encodes hbz, a novel nuclear basic region leucine zipper (b-zip) protein that in overexpression assays down-regulates tax oncoprotein-induced viral transcription. herein ... | 2006 | 16424388 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus and puma lentivirus in florida panthers (puma concolor coryi): epidemiology and diagnostic issues. | this study documents the seroprevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and puma lentivirus (plv) in free-ranging and captive florida panthers (puma concolor coryi) (n = 51) and translocated texas cougars (p. concolor stanleyana) (n = 10) from 1985 to 1998. the sera were tested for anti-fiv antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot tests. the elisas were read kinetically (kela) and the sera were retrospectively examined by plv peptide elisa. eleven panthers ... | 2006 | 16437306 |
| a virus reveals population structure and recent demographic history of its carnivore host. | directly transmitted parasites often provide substantial information about the temporal and spatial characteristics of host-to-host contact. here, we demonstrate that a fast-evolving virus (feline immunodeficiency virus, fiv) can reveal details of the contemporary population structure and recent demographic history of its natural wildlife host (puma concolor) that were not apparent from host genetic data and would be impossible to obtain by other means. we suggest that rapidly evolving pathogens ... | 2006 | 16439664 |
| seroprevalence of feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infection among cats in north america and risk factors for seropositivity. | to determine seroprevalence of felv and fiv infection among cats in north america and risk factors for seropositivity. | 2006 | 16448357 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus testing in stray, feral, and client-owned cats of ottawa. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) seroprevalence is evaluated in 3 groups of cats. seventy-four unowned urban strays were tested, as well as 20 cats from a small feral cat colony, and 152 client-owned cats. of the 246 cats tested, 161 (65%) were male and 85 (35%) were female. seroprevalence for fiv was 23% in the urban strays, 5% in the feral cat colony, and 5.9% in the client-owned cats. ten cats (4%) were also positive for feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen, including 2 cats coinfected wit ... | 2005 | 16454381 |
| administration of puma adenovirus increases the sensitivity of esophageal cancer cells to anticancer drugs. | esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal human tumors, characterized by relative chemoresistance and poor prognosis. researchers have been seeking for multimodality to improve its outcome of therapy. puma (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis) is a potent proapoptotic molecule that is rapidly induced in cells following dna damage and is required for p53-induced apoptosis. we evaluated the therapeutic potential of puma adenovirus against esophageal cancer cell lines (kyse-150, kyse-410, kyse ... | 2006 | 16481741 |
| effect of chronic feline immunodeficiency infection, and efficacy of marbofloxacin treatment, on 'candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum' infection. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection, and efficacy of marbofloxacin treatment, on 'candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum' infection. six cats chronically infected with fiv-glasgow8 (group a) and six fiv-free cats (group b) were infected with 'candidatus m. haemominutum' on day 0 by intravenous inoculation of blood. from day 0 to 105 post-infection (pi), blood samples were collected for 'candidatus m. haemominutum' and fiv p ... | 2006 | 16483821 |
| lentivirus envelope protein exerts differential neuropathogenic effects depending on the site of expression and target cell. | we investigated the neuropathogenic effects of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) envelope proteins in the context of both extracellular exposure and intracellular expression in feline neural cells. the envelope from the neurovirulent csf-derived fiv v1 strain (v1-csf) conferred infectivity to pseudotyped viruses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p < 0.01) in contrast to other cell types. intracellular v1-csf envelope expression in macrophages and microglia but not astrocytes resulted in t ... | 2006 | 16492386 |
| feline lentivirus evolution in cross-species infection reveals extensive g-to-a mutation and selection on key residues in the viral polymerase. | factors that restrict a virus from establishing productive infection in a new host species are important to understand because cross-species transmission events are often associated with emergent viral diseases. to determine the evolutionary pressures on viruses in new host species, we evaluated the molecular evolution of a feline immunodeficiency virus derived from a wild cougar, puma concolor, during infection of domestic cats. analyses were based on the coding portion of genome sequences reco ... | 2006 | 16501082 |
| sequential cd134-cxcr4 interactions in feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv): soluble cd134 activates fiv env for cxcr4-dependent entry and reveals a cryptic neutralization epitope. | recombinant soluble cd134 (scd134) facilitated feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) entry into cxcr4-positive, cell surface cd134-negative target cells. scd134-activated entry was dose dependent and cxcr4 dependent. we used the scd134 activation system to explore the neutralization by four anti-v3 monoclonal antibodies (mabs). v3 mabs weakly neutralized fiv infection using target cells expressing both cd134 and cxcr4 but potently inhibited scd134-activated entry into target cells expressing cxcr4 ... | 2006 | 16501119 |
| both the 5' and 3' ltrs of fiv contain minor rna encapsidation determinants compared to the two core packaging determinants within the 5' untranslated region and gag. | this study was undertaken to address the role of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) long terminal repeats (ltr) as potential packaging determinants. a number of studies in the recent past have clearly demonstrated that the core packaging determinants of fiv reside within at least two distinct regions at the 5' end of the viral genome, from r in the 5' ltr to approximately 150 bp within the 5' untranslated region (5' utr) and within the first 100 bp of gag; however, there have been conflicting o ... | 2006 | 16513389 |
| prevalence, risk factor analysis, and follow-up of infections caused by three feline hemoplasma species in cats in switzerland. | recently, a third novel feline hemotropic mycoplasma sp. (aka hemoplasma), "candidatus mycoplasma turicensis," in a cat with hemolytic anemia has been described. this is the first study to investigate the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and risk factors for all three feline hemoplasma infections in a sample of 713 healthy and ill swiss cats using newly designed quantitative real-time pcr assays. "candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum" infection was detected in 7.0% and 8.7% and mycoplasma haem ... | 2006 | 16517884 |
| quantification of feline immunodeficiency virus (fivpco) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, lymph nodes and plasma of naturally infected cougars. | infection of domestic cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) results in a fatal immunodeficiency disease, similar to human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) in humans. elevated plasma viral loads in domestic cats are correlated to decreased survival time and disease progression. however, fiv is also maintained as an apathogenic infection in other members of the family felidae including cougars, puma concolour (fivpco). it is not known whether the lack of disease in cougars is a result of d ... | 2006 | 16528047 |
| differential utilization of cd134 as a functional receptor by diverse strains of feline immunodeficiency virus. | the feline homologue of cd134 (fcd134) is the primary binding receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), targeting the virus preferentially to activated cd4+ helper t cells. however, with disease progression, the cell tropism of fiv broadens such that b cells and monocytes/macrophages become significant reservoirs of proviral dna, suggesting that receptor utilization may alter with disease progression. we examined the receptor utilization of diverse strains of fiv and found that all strai ... | 2006 | 16537606 |
| development of antiviral fusion inhibitors: short modified peptides derived from the transmembrane glycoprotein of feline immunodeficiency virus. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a naturally occurring pathogen that causes an aids-like syndrome in domestic cats and is a valuable model system by which criteria for antiviral vaccines and drugs development can be tested. the cell-entry step of the lentivirus life cycle is regarded as a promising target for the development of new generation inhibitors. we have previously described potent in vitro anti-fiv activity associated with a synthetic octapeptide, termed c8 (ac-trp-glu-asp-trp-val ... | 2006 | 16566046 |
| in vivo pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile of the anti-hiv agent stampidine in dogs and feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats. | the pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile of stampidine (stamp, dde-113, hi-113, n-[p-(4-bromophenyl)-2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-5'-thymidylyl]-l-alanine methyl ester, cas 217178-62-6) were studied in beagle dogs and feline immunodeficiency virus-infected domestic cats. therapeutic plasma concentrations of stamp 3-4 logs higher than its ic50 value can be achieved after its p.o. administration to dogs as well as cats at the 100 mg/kg nontoxic dose level. in accordance with its safety profile in rod ... | 2006 | 16570826 |
| influence of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines on the neuropathogenesis of oncornavirus and immunosuppressive lentivirus infections. | retroviral infection of the cns can lead to severe debilitating neurological diseases in humans and other animals. four general types of pathogenic effects with various retroviruses have been observed including: hemorrhage (tr1.3), spongiform encephalopathy (casbre, frcase, pvc211, nt40, mol-ts1), demyelination with inflammatory lesions (htlv-1, visna, caev), and encephalopathy with gliosis and proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines, usually with microglial giant cells and nodules [human immun ... | 2006 | 16570857 |
| cd8+ lymphocyte-mediated injury of dorsal root ganglion neurons during lentivirus infection: cd154-dependent cell contact neurotoxicity. | neuronal damage in dorsal root ganglia (drgs) with accompanying axonal injury is a key feature of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related distal sensory polyneuropathy (dsp). in a model of hiv-related dsp, we observed numerous cd3+ t lymphocytes (p < 0.05) in drgs from feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-infected animals, which also exhibited low cd4+ and high cd8+ lymphocyte levels in blood accompanied by a selective loss of small-diameter sural nerve axons (p < 0.05). fiv-infected lymphocyt ... | 2006 | 16571746 |
| intraarticular induction of interleukin-1beta expression in the adult mouse, with resultant temporomandibular joint pathologic changes, dysfunction, and pain. | to examine the effects of intraarticular induction of interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) expression in adult mice. | 2006 | 16572453 |
| pathogenesis of a texas feline immunodeficiency virus isolate: an emerging subtype of clade b. | we have recently provided evidence that texas feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv-tx) isolates are an emerging subtype sharing a common ancestry with clade b isolates. specific, pathogen-free cats were infected, intravenously, with 500, 2000 or 8000tcid(50) of the fiv-tx53 virus to study the acute stage of infection. infection of cats resulted in lymphadenopathy at 10 days post-infection (p.i.). by 7 weeks p.i., gag specific antibody could be detected from sera of all infected cats. virus could b ... | 2006 | 16574348 |
| platelet-bound antibodies detected by a flow cytometric assay in cats with thrombocytopenia. | in cats, primary or secondary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia have rarely been described or characterised. the objective of this study was to determine platelet-bound antibodies (pba) by a flow cytometric assay in both healthy and thrombocytopenic cats. direct pba testing was performed in 42 thrombocytopenic cats (platelet counts 6-179 x 10(9)/l, median 56 x 10(9)/l). of these 42 cats, 19 had positive pba test results, 17 of which were considered to have secondary immune-mediated thrombocytopen ... | 2006 | 16616569 |
| construction and characterization of feline immunodeficiency virus proviral mutants that coexpress interferon gamma and green fluorescent protein. | vif deletion mutants of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were designed to express either enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) (fivdeltavifatggfp) or feline interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) (fivdeltavifatggamma) by insertion of the nonviral gene into the deletion site of the viral vif gene. two in-frame start codons within vif were mutated without altering the overlapping pol translation frame to enhance expression of inserted genes. expression of egfp and ifn-gamma from fivdeltavifatggfp ... | 2006 | 16623638 |
| molecular subtyping of feline immunodeficiency virus from domestic cats in australia. | to determine the prevalent subtypes of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) present in the domestic cat population of australia. | 2006 | 16629189 |
| feline leukaemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in cats in the pisa district of tuscany, and attempts to control felv infection in a colony of domestic cats by vaccination. | the seroprevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in 203 apparently healthy domestic cats living in the district of pisa, central italy, was 11.3 per cent, and the prevalence of feline leukaemia virus (felv) was 8.4 per cent. the prevalence of fiv depended significantly on the lifestyle and age of the cats; cats living outdoors were more likely to be fiv-positive than cats living indoors, and the proportion of fiv-positive cats increased with age. in contrast, there was no significant re ... | 2006 | 16632529 |
| limited efficacy of an inactivated feline immunodeficiency virus vaccine. | | 2006 | 16632531 |
| cryptococcus neoformans granuloma in the lung and spinal cord of a free-ranging cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). a clinical report and literature review. | a 6-year-old, male, wild-born, free-ranging cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) was evaluated for acute onset of progressive lameness in the right hind limb. survey radiographs were unrewarding and myelography indicated an intramedullary compressive mass at the l3-l4 region. a fine needle aspirate of the lesion indicated the presence of cryptococcus organisms. necropsy confirmed the presence of granulomas (cryptococcoma) in the lung and the spinal cord (meningomyelitis) caused by cryptococcus neoformans ... | 2005 | 16642721 |
| mediastinal lymphoma in a young turkish angora cat. | an 8-month old intact male turkish angora cat was referred to the veterinary medical teaching hospital (vmth), seoul national university, for an evaluation of anorexia and severe dyspnea. the thoracic radiographs revealed significant pleural effusion. a cytology evaluation of the pleural fluid strongly suggested a lymphoma containing variable sized lymphocytes with frequent mitotic figures and prominent nucleoli. the feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus tests were negative. th ... | 2006 | 16645348 |
| cytokine modulation of the innate immune response in feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats. | in vitro data suggest that innate immune function in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients is compromised; however, in vivo studies are lacking. feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection in cats provides an excellent model to explore innate immune function in vivo. the innate response against listeria monocytogenes is well understood, making it a useful immune probe. | 2006 | 16652280 |
| lessons from the cat: development of vaccines against lentiviruses. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a natural infection of domestic cats, which produces a disease with many similarities to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in man. the virus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in pet cats worldwide. as such an effective vaccine is desirable both for its use in veterinary medicine and also as a model for the development of an hiv vaccine. a large number of candidate vaccines have been tested against feline immunodeficiency virus. the ... | 2006 | 16678276 |
| use of flow cytometry and monochlorobimane to quantitate intracellular glutathione concentrations in feline leukocytes. | oxidative stress and abnormal glutathione metabolism is thought to play an important role in various diseases of cats. however, current assays for the reduced form of glutathione (gsh) are time-consuming and semi-quantitative and do not allow assessment of gsh concentrations in individual cell populations. therefore, we developed a flow cytometric assay for rapid determination of intracellular gsh concentrations in feline blood leukocytes. the assay was based on the ability of the non-fluorescen ... | 2006 | 16730073 |
| rna in situ hybridization for the detection of feline immunodeficiency virus in infected cells. | in the present study, we have applied a novel approach to generate specific digoxigenin- and biotin-labeled rna probes to detect feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) gag gene in the fiv-infected feline t-lymphoblastoid cell line (mya-1). this involved cloning of the fiv gag gene into a pcr script vector containing both t3 and t7 promoters, followed by amplification of the insert and the two promoter sequences, using specific primer sequences. the fiv rna probes were more sensitive than fiv dna pr ... | 2006 | 16771221 |
| mapping the domains of cd134 as a functional receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus. | the feline homologue of cd134 is the primary binding receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), targeting the virus preferentially to activated cd4+ helper t cells. however, strains of fiv differ in utilization of cd134; the prototypic strain ppr requires a minimal determinant in the first cysteine-rich domain (crd1) of feline cd134 to confer near-optimal receptor function, while strains such as gl8 require additional determinants in the cd134 crd2. we map this determinant to a loop in cr ... | 2006 | 16840353 |
| from mice to macaques--animal models of hiv nervous system disease. | lentiviral diseases of animals have been recognized for over a century, long before hiv was recognized as the cause of aids. all lentiviruses cause neurological disease and productive virus replication in the cns occurs exclusively in cells of macrophage lineage. the ability to molecularly engineer the inoculum virus, to sample the brain at many different time points from acute through terminal infection and to correlate in vivo with in vitro findings are significant advantages of animal models ... | 2006 | 16842082 |
| evaluation of a novel nested pcr for the routine diagnosis of feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). | laboratory diagnosis of feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) usually involves both viruses, as the clinical signs are similar and coinfection may occur. serological methods may not represent an accurate diagnosis: maternal antibodies or cross-reactions may give false positive results to fiv, and false negative results may occur in latent felv status, or in certain fiv infection stages. a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was designed to detect felv, ... | 2007 | 16863698 |
| t-lymphocyte profiles in fiv-infected wild lions and pumas reveal cd4 depletion. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus related to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) that causes feline aids in the domestic cat (felis catus). serological surveys indicate that at least 25 other species of cat possess antibodies that cross-react with domestic cat fiv. most infected nondomestic cat species are without major symptoms of disease. long-term studies of fiv genome variation and pathogenesis reveal patterns consistent with coadaptation of virus and host in free-ranging fi ... | 2006 | 16870846 |
| first evidence of feline herpesvirus, calicivirus, parvovirus, and ehrlichia exposure in brazilian free-ranging felids. | serum samples from 18 pumas (puma concolor), one ocelot (leopardus pardalis), and two little spotted cats (leopardus tigrinus) collected from free-ranging animals in brazil between 1998 and 2004 were tested by indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) for antibodies to feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv 1), calicivirus (fcv), coronavirus (fcov), parvo-virus (fpv), ehrlichia canis, anaplasma pha-gocytophilum, and bartonella henselae. serum samples also were tested, by western blot and elisa, for feline leukemia v ... | 2006 | 16870878 |
| enhanced excitotoxicity in primary feline neural cultures exposed to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). | the ability of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) to induce neurodegenerative changes in vitro similar to those due to hiv was examined as a potential model to examine the mechanisms underlying aids dementia. primary cultures of feline neural tissue (neurons, astrocytes and microglia) were established from e40-e57 fetal cat cortex and challenged by inoculation with the ncsu<sub>1</sub> strain of fiv. proviral fiv was detected in the cultures and correlated with the presence of microglia. no dir ... | 1997 | 16873168 |
| neuronal loss in fiv-md infected cats. | previously, this laboratory has shown that the maryland strain of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv-md) causes neurological disease in cats similar to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) in people. using morphometrical methods on neocortical histologic sections we now show a significant loss of neurons in fiv-md infected cats compared to age-matched uninfected controls. the neuronal populations affected resembles those lost in hiv-1 infection of the brain in published reports, providing ... | 1998 | 16873186 |
| altered gag polyprotein cleavage specificity of feline immunodeficiency virus/human immunodeficiency virus mutant proteases as demonstrated in a cell-based expression system. | we have used feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) protease (pr) as a mutational system to study the molecular basis of substrate-inhibitor specificity for lentivirus prs, with a focus on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) pr. our previous mutagenesis studies demonstrated that discrete substitutions in the active site of fiv pr with structurally equivalent residues of hiv-1 pr dramatically altered the specificity of the mutant prs in in vitro analyses. here, we have expanded these studies ... | 2006 | 16873240 |
| effect of chronic fiv infection, and efficacy of marbofloxacin treatment, on mycoplasma haemofelis infection. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection, and efficacy of marbofloxacin treatment, on mycoplasma haemofelis infection. six cats chronically infected with fiv-glasgow8 (group x) and six fiv-free cats (group y) were infected with m. haemofelis on day 0 by intravenous blood inoculation. from day 0 until day 86 post-infection (pi), blood samples were collected for m. haemofelis and fiv provirus quantitative real-time pcr and hae ... | 2006 | 16876338 |
| transient elastography: a valid alternative to biopsy in patients with chronic liver disease. | transient elastography is a novel and non-invasive technique for the evaluation of fibrosis in chronic liver disease. few studies that exist value the efficacy of transient elastography, mainly in hepatitis c virus-infected patients. | 2006 | 16886917 |
| optimized bacterial expression of myocilin proteins and functional comparison of bacterial and eukaryotic myocilins. | to maximize the expression level of myocilin and its truncated proteins in escherichia coli (e. coli) and to examine the biological effects of bacterially expressed myocilin as compared to eukaryotic myocilin on cultured human trabecular meshwork (tm) cells. | 2006 | 16902400 |
| physicochemical characterization of a peptide deriving from the glycoprotein gp36 of the feline immunodeficiency virus and its lipoylated analogue in micellar systems. | p59 is the trp-rich 20-mer peptide ((767)l-g(786)), partial sequence of the membrane-proximal external region (mper) of the fiv gp36. it has potent antiviral activity, possibly due to a mechanism that inhibits the fusion of the virus with the cell membranes. in the hypothesis that a lipophilic tail could enhance the adhesion of p59 to the membrane so improving its antiviral activity, we synthesized its lipoylated analogue lipo-p59. fluorescence, cd and nmr investigations in membrane mimicking en ... | 2006 | 16905114 |
| integration site choice of a feline immunodeficiency virus vector. | we mapped 226 unique integration sites in human hepatoma cells following gene transfer with a feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-based lentivirus vector. fiv integrated across the entire length of the transcriptional units. microarray data indicated that fiv integration favored actively transcribed genes. approximately 21% of fiv integrations within transcriptional units occurred in genes regulated by the ledgf/p75 transcriptional coactivator. dna in regions of fiv insertion sites exhibited a " ... | 2006 | 16912328 |
| serological and molecular evidence of exposure to arthropod-borne organisms in cats from northeastern spain. | one hundred sixty-eight cat sera from spain were tested for igg antibodies to rickettsia conorii (rc), ehrlichia canis (ec), anaplasma phagocytophilum (ap) and bartonella henselae (bh) antigens using ifa and for felv antigen and fiv antibody by elisa. for 47 whole blood samples, pcr testing was performed for rickettsia, ehrlichia and bartonella. seroprevalences were: bh (71.4%), rc (44%), ec (11.3%), felv (8.5%), fiv (7.4%) and ap (1.8%). bh antibodies were associated with seroreactivity to both ... | 2006 | 16919405 |
| aids vaccination studies with an ex vivo feline immunodeficiency virus model: analysis of the accessory orf-a protein and dna as protective immunogens. | determining which antigen must be included in aids vaccines to confer maximum protection is of utmost importance. in primate models, vaccines consisting of or including accessory viral proteins have yielded conflicting results. we investigated the protective potential of the accessory protein orf-a of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in cats. all three immunization strategies used (protein alone in alum adjuvant, dna alone, or dna prime-protein boost) clearly generated detectable immune respo ... | 2006 | 16940498 |
| cerebrospinal fluid is an efficient route for establishing brain infection with feline immunodeficiency virus and transfering infectious virus to the periphery. | like human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) invades and infects the central nervous system (cns) soon after peripheral infection. the appearance of viral rna is particularly prominent in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf), suggesting an efficient route of virus transfer across the blood-csf barrier. this raises the concern whether this route can establish a stable viral reservoir and also be a source of virus capable of reseeding peripheral systems. to examine this po ... | 2006 | 16966220 |
| compartmentalization and evolution of feline immunodeficiency virus between the central nervous system and periphery following intracerebroventricular or systemic inoculation. | the emergence of distinct neuropathogenic strains resulting from the adaptation and the unique evolution of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in the brain may contribute to the development of hiv-induced neurological diseases. in this study, the authors tracked early changes in virus evolution and compartmentalization between peripheral tissues and the central nervous system (cns) after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation of animals with cell-free feline immun ... | 2006 | 16966221 |
| recent advances in hiv neuropathy. | to describe recent advances in hiv neuropathy. | 2006 | 16969153 |
| optimization of feline immunodeficiency virus vectors for rna interference. | rna interference (rnai) occurs naturally in plant and animal cells as a means for modulating gene expression. this process has been experimentally manipulated to achieve targeted gene silencing in cells, tissues, and animals, using a variety of vector systems. here, we tested the hypothesis that vectors based on feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) could be used for coexpression of reporter constructs and rnai expression cassettes. we found, unexpectedly, in our initial constructs that placement ... | 2006 | 16973543 |
| neurologic disease in captive lions (panthera leo) with low-titer lion lentivirus infection. | lion lentivirus (llv; also known as feline immunodeficiency virus of lion, panthera leo [fivple]) is present in free-ranging and captive lion populations at a seroprevalence of up to 100%; however, clinical signs are rarely reported. llv displays up to 25% interclade sequence diversity, suggesting that it has been in the lion population for some time and may be significantly host adapted. three captive lions diagnosed with llv infection displayed lymphocyte subset alterations and progressive beh ... | 2006 | 17005739 |
| cyclophilin a interacts with diverse lentiviral capsids. | the capsid (ca) protein of hiv-1 binds with high affinity to the host protein cyclophilin a (cypa). this binding positively affects some early stage of the viral life-cycle because prevention of binding either by drugs that occupy that active site of cyclophilin a, by mutation in hiv-1 ca, or rnai that knocks down intracellular cypa level diminishes viral infectivity. the closely related lentivirus, sivcpz also binds cypa, but it was thought that this interaction was limited to the hiv-1/sivcpz ... | 2006 | 17038183 |
| going wild: lessons from naturally occurring t-lymphotropic lentiviruses. | over 40 nonhuman primate (nhp) species harbor species-specific simian immunodeficiency viruses (sivs). similarly, more than 20 species of nondomestic felids and african hyenids demonstrate seroreactivity against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antigens. while it has been challenging to study the biological implications of nonfatal infections in natural populations, epidemiologic and clinical studies performed thus far have only rarely detected increased morbidity or impaired fecundity/surviv ... | 2006 | 17041142 |
| isolation, characterization, and genetic complementation of a cellular mutant resistant to retroviral infection. | by using a genetic screen, we have isolated a mammalian cell line that is resistant to infection by retroviruses that are derived from the murine leukemia virus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1, and feline immunodeficiency virus. we demonstrate that the cell line is genetically recessive for the resistance, and hence it is lacking a factor enabling infection by retroviruses. the block to infection is early in the life cycle, at the poorly understood uncoating stage. we implicate the proteaso ... | 2006 | 17043244 |
| recombination in feline lentiviral genomes during experimental cross-species infection. | domestic cats develop an asymptomatic, productive infection with a feline immunodeficiency virus (plv) derived from a naturally infected cougar (p. concolor). we previously demonstrated that there are extensive g to a substitutions, characteristic of host cytidine deaminase editing, and positive selection on reverse transcriptase in the plv genome during this cross-species infection. in this study, we evaluated full-length viral genomes from each of four cats infected with plv to determine if vi ... | 2007 | 17046045 |
| prime-boost vaccination using dna and whole inactivated virus vaccines provides limited protection against virulent feline immunodeficiency virus. | protection against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) has been achieved using a variety of vaccines notably whole inactivated virus (wiv) and dna. however protection against more virulent isolates, typical of those encountered in natural infections, has been difficult to achieve. in an attempt to improve protection against virulent fiv(gl8), we combined both dna and wiv vaccines in a "prime-boost" approach. thirty cats were divided into four groups receiving vaccinations and one unvaccinated co ... | 2006 | 17049683 |
| hiv and other lentiviral infections cause defects in neutrophil chemotaxis, recruitment, and cell structure: immunorestorative effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. | patients with hiv infection exhibit deficits in bacterial and fungal clearance, and possibly depressed innate immunity. in this study, we observed that neutrophils from hiv-infected patients have a profound defect in chemotaxis in response to endogenous (il-8) and bacterial (fmlp) chemoattractants, which was directly correlated with peripheral cd4(+) lymphocyte levels but not plasma viral load. a similar chemotactic defect was observed in the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) model of hiv infe ... | 2006 | 17056572 |
| animal models used for the evaluation of antiretroviral therapies. | several animal models for the study of hiv/aids have been established and characterized and have been widely used to study the pathogenesis of hiv/aids as well as vaccine development. the purpose of this study was to review the literature and identify the animal models most frequently used for the evaluation of drugs, drug combinations, plant extracts and drug-plant combinations. four of these animal models were evaluated namely the siv model due to its similarities in pathogenesis of disease to ... | 2006 | 17073618 |
| vaccination of cats with attenuated feline immunodeficiency virus proviral dna vaccine expressing gamma interferon. | a feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) provirus with a vif gene deletion (fivdelta vifatggamma) that coexpresses feline gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) was tested as a proviral dna vaccine to extend previous studies showing efficacy with an fiv-ppprdelta vif dna vaccine. cats were vaccinated with either fivdelta vifatggamma or fiv-ppprdelta vif proviral plasmid dna or with both fiv-ppprdelta vif dna and a feline ifn-gamma expression plasmid (pcdna-ifngamma). a higher frequency of fiv-specific t-cell ... | 2007 | 17079309 |
| factors associated with pathogen seroprevalence and infection in rocky mountain cougars. | serological and genetic material collected over 15 years (1990-2004) from 207 cougars (puma concolor) in four populations in the rocky mountains were examined for evidence of current or prior exposure to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline parvovirus (fpv), feline coronavirus (fcov), feline calicivirus (fcv), canine distemper virus (cdv), feline herpesvirus (fhv), and yersinia pestis. serologic data were analyzed for annual variation in seroconversions to assess whether these pathogens a ... | 2006 | 17092891 |
| a serosurvey of viral infections in lions (panthera leo), from queen elizabeth national park, uganda. | serum samples from 14 lions (panthera leo) from queen elizabeth national park, uganda, were collected during 1998 and 1999 to determine infectious disease exposure in this threatened population. sera were analyzed for antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline calicivirus (fcv), feline herpesvirus 1 (feline rhinotracheitis: fhv1), feline/canine parvovirus (fpv/cpv), feline infectious peritonitis virus (feline coronavirus: fipv), and canine distemper virus (cdv) or for the pre ... | 2006 | 17092900 |
| application of rna interference for inhibiting the replication of feline immunodeficiency virus in chronically infected cell lines. | rna interference (rnai) is a process in which double-stranded rna induces the post-transcriptional sequence-specific degradation of homologous messenger rna. the present study was carried out to apply the rnai technology to inhibit the replication of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). four small interfering rnas (sirnas) homologous to the fiv gag gene were synthesized and transfected into a feline fibroblastic cell line chronically infected with fiv (crfk/fiv). these synthetic sirnas efficient ... | 2007 | 17125939 |
| phylogenetic analysis to define feline immunodeficiency virus subtypes in 31 domestic cats in south africa. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a lentivirus, is an important pathogen of domestic cats around the world and has many similarities to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). a characteristic of these lentiviruses is their extensive genetic diversity, which has been an obstacle in the development of successful vaccines. of the fiv genes, the envelope gene is the most variable and sequence differences in a portion of this gene have been used to define 5 fiv subtypes (a, b, c, d and e). in this st ... | 2006 | 17137049 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus subtype b in domestic cats in minas gerais, brazil. | | 2006 | 17139547 |
| serological differentiation of fiv-infected cats from dual-subtype feline immunodeficiency virus vaccine (fel-o-vax fiv) inoculated cats. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccine, fel-o-vax fiv, was released for sale in the us in 2002. the antibodies of vaccinated cats interfere with serological assays by currently available fiv diagnostic kits. in this study, we investigated whether it is possible to distinguish serologically cats vaccinated with fel-o-vax fiv from cats experimentally or naturally infected with fiv. a total of 153 sera taken from 97 cats were used as serum samples. enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was ... | 2007 | 17141431 |
| expression of feline immunodeficiency virus vif is associated with reduced viral mutation rates without restoration of replication of vif mutant viruses. | the vif gene of lentiviruses has been demonstrated to be essential for efficient viral replication in many cell types. although the vif protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) displays limited homology to hiv-1 vif, the role of vif in fiv replication is not known. we have examined the requirements of vif for replication of a fiv strain isolated from a non-domestic felid, otocolobus manul (fiv-oma). in agreement with others, we find that replication of fiv vif mutant molecular clones in cr ... | 2007 | 17169394 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus infection is enhanced by feline bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. | in the pathogenesis of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection, feline dendritic cells (fedcs) are thought to play an important role. as with dcs in other species, fedcs are believed to transport virus particles to lymph nodes and transfer them to lymphocytes. our investigation has focused on the ability of fedcs to influence the infection of syngeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and allogeneic thymocytes. fedcs were derived from bone marrow mononuclear cells that were cultu ... | 2007 | 17170458 |
| phylogenetic analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus in feral and companion domestic cats of new zealand. | nested pcr was used to amplify envelope v3-v6 gene fragments of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) from new zealand cats. phylogenetic analyses established that subtypes a and c predominate among new zealand cats, with clear evidence of intersubtype recombination. in addition, 17 sequences were identified that were distinct from all known fiv clades, and we tentatively suggest these belong to a novel subtype. | 2007 | 17192306 |
| crystal structure of an fiv/hiv chimeric protease complexed with the broad-based inhibitor, tl-3. | we have obtained the 1.7 a crystal structure of fiv protease (pr) in which 12 critical residues around the active site have been substituted with the structurally equivalent residues of hiv pr (12x fiv pr). the chimeric pr was crystallized in complex with the broad-based inhibitor tl-3, which inhibits wild type fiv and hiv prs, as well as 12x fiv pr and several drug-resistant hiv mutants 1234. biochemical analyses have demonstrated that tl-3 inhibits these prs in the order hiv pr > 12x fiv pr > ... | 2007 | 17212810 |
| a case of feline leprosy caused by mycobacterium lepraemurium originating from the island of kythira (greece): diagnosis and treatment. | a 2-year-old, 4 kg, healthy, domestic shorthair female cat presented with ulcerated subcutaneous nodules on the commissures of its mouth. the cat was negative for feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. skin mycobacteriosis was diagnosed after detection of numerous acid-fast bacilli in ziehl neelsen-stained smears from the ulcers. feline leprosy was suspected following preliminary polymerase chain reaction results: positive for mycobacterium genus but negative for mycobacterium ... | 2007 | 17239641 |
| evolution of feline immunodeficiency virus gag proteins. | we evaluated the predicted biochemical properties of gag proteins from a diverse group of feline immunodeficiency viruses (fiv) to determine how different evolutionary histories of virus and host have changed or constrained these important structural proteins. our data are based on fiv sequences derived from domestic cat (fivfca), cougar (fivpco), and lions (fivple). analyses consisted of determining the selective forces acting at each position in the protein and the comparing predictions for se ... | 2007 | 17265140 |
| vaccine protection against feline immunodeficiency virus: setting the challenge. | since feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was first isolated, international research efforts have been directed towards developing a protective vaccine, not least because it may provide a model for a candidate human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) vaccine. this article reviews the challenges facing vaccine development, the current state of knowledge and future prospects for fiv vaccination. | 2007 | 17300445 |
| deep and superficial skin scrapings from a feline immunodeficiency virus-positive cat. | an 8-year-old, neutered male, domestic shorthair cat housed at the north carolina state university, college of veterinary medicine, laboratory animal research facility as part of a research colony was examined because of mulifocal skin lesions. the lesions consisted of patchy alopecia with mild crusting of the periauricular region, neck, and dorsum; periauricular excoriations; marked dorsal seborrhea and scaling; and generalized erythematous papules. a moderate amount of ceruminous exudate was p ... | 2007 | 17311204 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus pathogenesis and development of a dual-subtype feline-immunodeficiency-virus vaccine. | | 2007 | 17314517 |
| serologic survey of domestic felids in the petén region of guatemala. | blood samples were analyzed from 30 domestic cats (felis domesticus) from the petén region of guatemala to determine the seroprevalence of common pathogens that may pose a potential risk to native wild felids. eight of the cats had been vaccinated previously; however, owners were unable to fully describe the type of vaccine and date of administration. in addition, blood samples were obtained from two captive margays (leopardus wiedii). samples were tested for antibodies to feline immunodeficienc ... | 2005 | 17315469 |
| new challenges for the diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | vaccination of cats against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) with a whole-virus vaccine results in rapid and persistent production of antibodies that are indistinguishable from those used for diagnosis of fiv infection. there are no diagnostic tests available for veterinary practitioners at the present time to resolve the diagnostic dilemma posed by use of whole-virus vaccines for protection of cats against fiv. there is a great need for development of commercially available rapid diagnostic ... | 2007 | 17336678 |
| mucosal administration of low-dose cell-associated feline immunodeficiency virus promotes viral latency. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can occasionally be detected as a cryptic or latent infection in seronegative, asymptomatic patients. to develop an animal model of host latency, cats were mucosally challenged with 10(2)-10(6) feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-infected t cells. although high-dose exposure (10(4)-10(6) t cells) resulted in progressive infection, no evidence of infection was seen in 5 of 6 cats exposed to 10(2) or 10(3) t cells. however, after ex vivo cd8(+) t cell depletion ... | 2007 | 17357056 |
| thrombocytosis in cats: a retrospective study of 51 cases (2000-2005). | feline haematology profiles of patients presented to the university of bristol small animal hospital from january 2000 to october 2005 were evaluated for thrombocytosis (defined as a platelets count of >700x10(9)/l and confirmed on smear evaluation). thrombocytosis was found in 79 cats (4.64% of the hospital feline population), with values ranging from 703 to 1895x10(9)/l. signalment, clinical presentation, concurrence of other haematological abnormalities, diagnoses and outcome were evaluated i ... | 2007 | 17387028 |
| prevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in domesticated and feral cats in eastern australia. | serum samples from 340 pet cats presented to three inner city clinics in sydney australia, 68 feral cats from two separate colonies in sydney, and 329 cattery-confined pedigree and domestic cats in eastern australia, were collected over a 2-year period and tested for antibodies directed against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) using immunomigration (agen fiv rapid immunomigration test) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods (snap combo feline leukaemia virus antigen/fiv antibody test k ... | 2007 | 17409007 |
| [bacteriological and virological status in upper respiratory tract infections of cats (cat common cold complex)]. | between october 2002 and january 2005,460 bacteriological samples from cats with an acute upper respiratory tract infection were analysed in clinical field studies in two accredited laboratories in germany. oropharyngeal swabs were taken from these cats and sent to the laboratories for routine diagnostics. in the swab samples of 460 cats 382 bacteria strains were isolated. the following bacteria were isolated most frequently: pasteurella spp. (32.5 %), staphylococcus spp. (18.5 %), escherichia c ... | 2007 | 17416134 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus: a commentary. | | 1989 | 17423369 |