| refined genome-wide comparative map of the domestic horse, donkey and human based on cross-species chromosome painting: insight into the occasional fertility of mules. | we have made a complete set of painting probes for the domestic horse by degenerate oligonucleotide-primed pcr amplification of flow-sorted horse chromosomes. the horse probes, together with a full set of those available for human, were hybridized onto metaphase chromosomes of human, horse and mule. based on the hybridization results, we have generated genome-wide comparative chromosome maps involving the domestic horse, donkey and human. these maps define the overall distribution and boundaries ... | 2004 | 14984103 |
| investigations on the effects of cobalt-alkyne complexes on leukemia and lymphoma cells: cytotoxicity and cellular uptake. | cobalt-alkyne complexes represent a new class of antiproliferative drugs with high activity on cell lines derived from human solid tumors. these promising results encouraged us to evaluate also their effects against leukemia and lymphoma cells. for this purpose, we selected three cobalt complexes with (2-propyn-1-yl)acetylsalicylate (co-ass), 2-propyn-1-ol (co-prop) and diphenylacetylene (co-diph) ligands and investigated their growth inhibiting properties on the lama-84, k-562, sd-1 leukemia an ... | 2004 | 14987849 |
| preimplantation genetic diagnosis for early-onset torsion dystonia. | early-onset primary torsion dystonia (dyt1) is the most severe and common form of hereditary movement disorders, characterized by sustained twisting contractures that begin in childhood, which is caused in majority of cases by a 3-bp deletion of the dyt1 gene on chromosome 9q34 at the heterozygote state. as there is no effective treatment of this disease, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (pgd) may be a useful option for at-risk couples to establish an dyt1 mutation-free pregnancy. pgd was perfo ... | 2004 | 14989804 |
| [new materials suitable for implantation--preparation for implants]. | connective tissue components, particularly collagen and proteoglycan, stimulate cell proliferation and thus promote tissue regeneration. this fact was utilized to test some new implant materials, which were covered by these components, for the speed and quality of their encapsulation. | 2003 | 15002353 |
| [synovectomy of the knee joint]. | in this retrospective study, the results of arthroscopic and open synovectomy and radiosynovectomy with the use of yttrium-90 colloid are evaluated. | 2003 | 15002354 |
| inhibition of juvenile hormone biosynthesis in mosquitoes: effect of allatostatic head factors, piscf- and yxfgl-amide-allatostatins. | we investigated the role of head factors and allatostatins (ass) on the regulation of juvenile hormone (jh) synthesis in female adult mosquito. the biosynthetic activity of the aedes aegypti corpora allata (ca) in vitro was inhibited by factors present in the head. disconnecting the ca from the brain resulted in a significant increase in the rate of jh biosynthesis. inhibition was not dependent on intact nervous connections; co-incubation of ca with brains or brain extracts resulted in a signifi ... | 2004 | 15003834 |
| use of a laparoscopic hand-assist device for accessory splenectomy. | the use of a laparoscopic hand-assist device may aid in the identification of accessory spleens (ass) and provide similar benefits to a conventional laparoscopic procedure. a patient with previous splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenic pupusa (itp) and recurrent thrombocytopenia is reported. | 2004 | 15026918 |
| [quantitative analysis on sharp-tooth oak stands in qinling mountains]. | the arbor stratum of quercus aliena var. acuteserrata stands included two substratums. phanerophyta synusium was in first position, and hemicryptophyta was inferior to it. the dbh structures of quercus aliena var. acuteserrata and pinus armandii were sinister normal school, which could finish self-regeneration under the natural conditions. the small dbh class individuals of pinus tabulaeformis were dominant, their dbh classes being distributed irregularly and absent very much. the large dbh clas ... | 2003 | 15031900 |
| genetic characterization of pompeii and herculaneum equidae buried by vesuvius in 79 ad. | dna extracted from the skeletons of five equids discovered in a pompeii stable and of a horse found in herculaneum was investigated. amino acid racemization level was consistent with the presence of dna. post-mortem base modifications were excluded by sequencing a 146 bp fragment of the 16s rrna mitochondrial gene. sequencing of a 370 bp fragment of mitochondrial (mt)dna control region allowed the construction of a phylogenetic tree that, along with sequencing of nuclear genes (epsilon globin, g ... | 2004 | 15040002 |
| determination of cadmium and copper with et-aas after electrochemical deposition on a graphite electrode. | the electrodeposition of cadmium and copper on a special graphite disk electrode has been performed at controlled potential. the electrode with the deposit has been inserted into the graphite atomizer hga-400 by an adapted automatic sampler for the final determination by et-ass. the sensitivity of determination has been 0.371 (microg l(-1))(-1) for cadmium and 0.025 (microg l(-1))(-1) for copper for 2 min electrodeposition and increased linearly with the time of deposition. the limit of detectio ... | 1996 | 15045399 |
| [oral adenoid squemous carcinoma. tumor markers and prognosis]. | case report: a 58-year-old female patient presented with an exophytic adenoid squamous cell carcinoma on the right alveolar process of the lower jaw. histological and immunohistochemical differential diagnosis and cellular background of the unfavorable prognosis are described. the patient was treated with curative intent by radical tumor resection including partial mandibulectomy, extensive conservative/radical neck dissection, and postoperative radiation. the adenoid squamous cell carcinoma was ... | 2004 | 15045535 |
| [experimental infection of equus asinus with leishmania chagasi cunha & chagas, 1937]. | four equus asinus were challenged with promastigotes of leishmania chagasi cunha & chagas, 1937, and followed up for 12 months. they were observed by means of direct testing for promastigotes in smears and culture of peripheral blood, fragments from inferior lip, bone marrow, spleen and liver and the immunological assays elisa and trald. the post-necropsy histological examination demonstrated a small number of amastigotes in the liver of two animals. elisa and trald tests were positive at the 8t ... | 2003 | 15049109 |
| isolation of y chromosome-specific microsatellites in the horse and cross-species amplification in the genus equus. | y chromosome polymorphisms such as microsatellites or single nucleotide polymorphisms represent a paternal counterpart to mitochondrial dna (mtdna) for evolutionary and phylogeographic studies. the use of y chromosome haplotyping in natural populations of species other than humans is still hindered by the lack of sequence information necessary for polymorphism screening. here we used representational difference analysis (rda) followed by a screen of a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) librar ... | 2004 | 15073232 |
| macroalgal biomonitors of trace metal contamination in acid sulfate soil aquaculture ponds. | earthen shrimp aquaculture ponds are often impacted by acid sulfate soils (ass), typically resulting in increased disease and mortality of cultured organisms. production losses have been attributed to either low ph or to elevated concentrations of toxic metals, both direct products of pyrite oxidation in ass. the standard farm management practice to minimise effects of pyrite oxidation is to maintain ph of pond waters above 5, based on the assumption that dissolved metal bioavailability is negli ... | 2004 | 15081694 |
| structural characterization of vivapain-2 and vivapain-3, cysteine proteases from plasmodium vivax: comparative protein modeling and docking studies. | malaria remains one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. plasmodial cysteine proteases are proposed to be promising targets for novel antimalarial drug design. vivapain-2 and vivapain-3 are cysteine proteases from plasmodium vivax and apparent orthologs of falcipain-2 and falcipain-3 from plasmodium falciparum. model structures of vivapain-2 and vivapain-3 have been derived using the comparative protein modeling approach and validated by various structure/geometry verification ... | 2004 | 15107000 |
| [rna-interference, induced by transient and continuous expression of hairpin rna in cells from drosophila and mammals]. | rna interference (rnai) may be induced by a plasmid with an inverted repeat (ir) sequence directing transcription of hairpin-type double-stranded rna (dsrna). this study examines the effects of changing various parameters of ir constructs on drosophila and mammalian rnai, using the dual luciferase system, rnai activity was found to vary depending on ir length ass well as the length and sequence of the internal loop separating sense and antisense sequences. both transient and stable rnai occurred ... | 2004 | 15125233 |
| the mosaic of equestrian-related injuries in greece. | this study aims to estimate the burden and describe the profile of equestrian injuries in greece, where horses, donkeys, and mules are still used in agriculture and where horse riding is a popular leisure activity. | 2004 | 15128138 |
| on some structural features of ovarian ligaments in domestic animals. | the vascular and nerve components of ovarian ligaments (proper and suspensory) of the sheep, cow and the donkey were examined in order to investigate the presence of blood flow-regulator endovasal devices, artero-venous anastomoses, free and/or encapsulated nerve endings and ganglion cells. both the ligaments of the investigated species showed the presence of endovasal devices (valvular apparati, intimal and polypoid cushions) and artero-venous anastomoses, the latter structurally ascribed to th ... | 2004 | 15141471 |
| report in europe of nasal myiasis by rhinoestrus spp. in horses and donkeys: seasonal patterns and taxonomical considerations. | two species of rhinoestrus (i.e. rhinoestrus purpureus (brauer) and rhinoestrus usbekistanicus gan) cause nasal myiasis in horses, donkeys and zebras. in the past 15 years myiasis caused by r. purpureus has been reported in egypt and by r. usbekistanicus in senegal and niger, both in horses and in donkeys. with the aim to investigate the presence of this myiasis in autochthonous horses and donkeys from southern italy and to study the seasonal trend of larval infection, 212 native horses were nec ... | 2004 | 15158558 |
| ultrasonographic evaluation of uterine involution and postpartum follicular dynamics in french jennies (equus asinus). | uterine involution and follicular dynamics during postpartum period were studied ultrasonographically in french jennies. for the study of uterine involution in postpartum jennies (n = 6, group s), sonographic measurements of different parts of the uterus and endometrium were made at three-day interval, starting from the day of foaling and continued up to 33 days postpartum. uterine dimensions were also recorded in non-pregnant jennies (n = 3, group c) throughout a cycle and compared with the dim ... | 2004 | 15159118 |
| [mn2(ass4)4]8- and [cd2(ass4)2(ass5)2]8-: discrete clusters with high negative charge from alkali metal polythioarsenate fluxes. | the reaction of mn and cd in alkali metal polythioarsenate fluxes afforded four new compounds featuring molecular anions. k(8)[mn(2)(ass(4))(4)] (i) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group p2/n with a = 9.1818(8) a, b = 8.5867(8) a, c = 20.3802(19) a, and beta = 95.095(2) degrees. rb(8)[mn(2)(ass(4))(4)] (ii) and cs(8)[mn(2)(ass(4))(4)] (iii) both crystallize in the triclinic space group p1 with a = 9.079(3) a, b = 9.197(3) a, c = 11.219(4) a, alpha = 105.958(7) degrees, beta = 103.950(5) deg ... | 2004 | 15180420 |
| the dopamine precursor l-dihydroxyphenylalanine is transported by the amino acid transporters rbat and lat2 in renal cortex. | the intrarenal autocrine-paracrine dopamine (da) system is critical for na(+) homeostasis. l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) uptake from the glomerular filtrate and plasma provides the substrate for da generation by the renal proximal tubule. the transporter(s) responsible for proximal tubule l-dopa uptake has not been characterized. renal cortical poly-a(+) rna injected into xenopus laevis oocytes induced l-dopa uptake in a time- and dose-dependent fashion with biphasic k(m)s in the millimolar ... | 2004 | 15180924 |
| kinetics of the inhibition of neutrophil proteinases by recombinant elafin and pre-elafin (trappin-2) expressed in pichia pastoris. | elafin and its precursor, trappin-2 or pre-elafin, are specific endogenous inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase and proteinase 3 but not of cathepsin g. both inhibitors belong, together with secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, to the chelonianin family of canonical protease inhibitors of serine proteases. a cdna coding either elafin or its precursor, trappin-2, was fused in frame with yeast alpha-factor cdna and expressed in the pichia pastoris yeast expression system. full-length elafin ... | 2004 | 15182352 |
| identification of amino-acids in the alpha-subunit first and third loops that are crucial for the heterospecific follicle-stimulating hormone activity of equid luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin. | to identify amino-acids in the alpha-subunit important for expression of heterospecific fsh activity of horse (e) lh/choriogonadotropin (cg) (elh) and donkey (dk) lh/cg (dklh) (fsh/lh ratio ten times higher for elh than for dklh); this fsh activity absolutely requires an equid (donkey or horse) alpha-subunit combined with an equid beta-lh subunit. | 2004 | 15191359 |
| african origins of the domestic donkey. | | 2004 | 15205528 |
| [combination immunization with eiav env protein expressed by recombinant baculovirus and recombinant vaccinia virus containing env gene]. | to develop a novel vaccine candidate of equine infectious anemia virus(eiav). | 2004 | 15207082 |
| on the gross anatomy of the cranial cervical ganglion of the donkey (equus asinus) in turkey. | the cranial cervical ganglion comprises neurons of especial functional importance for the head. six specimens of heads of adult donkeys of both sexes, all of which had been exsanguinated and perfused with 10% neutral formalin for teaching purposes, were dissected to derive a gross description of the location, arrangement and branches of the cranial cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale craniale) bilaterally. the ganglion was irregular fusiform-shaped or flattened, and reddish-grey in colour. it ... | 2004 | 15222730 |
| effect of thioarsenite formation on arsenic(iii) toxicity. | soluble arsenic(iii)-sulfide complexes (thioarsenites) play a significant role in the chemistry of arsenic in reducing, sulfidic environments at circumneutral ph. chemical equilibrium calculations using thioarsenite thermodynamic data from the literature indicate that the formation of a dithioarsenite complex, ass(oh)(sh)(-1), reduces the concentration of the uncomplexed inorganic as(iii) species present (defined sigma h3aso3, where sigma h3aso3 = aso3(-3) + haso3(-2) + h2aso3(-1) + h3aso3). wit ... | 2004 | 15230317 |
| haemolysins of salmonella, their role in pathogenesis and subtyping of salmonella serovars. | haemolysin patterns of 175 strains of different salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars isolated from different animal sources and places were determined using 11 different blood agar media made with either non-washed horse/sheep erythrocytes or with washed erythrocytes of cattle, sheep, horse, goat, rabbit, guinea pig, and human a, o and b blood groups. study on 47 strains belonging to 10 serovars of salmonella from buffalo meat (buffen), 42 strains of 11 serovars from goat meat (chevo ... | 2004 | 15233302 |
| prevalence of antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae in humans and domestic animals in a brazilian spotted fever-endemic area in the state of são paulo, brazil: serologic evidence for infection by rickettsia rickettsii and another spotted fever group rickettsia. | in serum samples obtained from all the healthy humans, horses, dogs, and donkeys present on three farms in the pedreira municipality, an endemic area for brazilian spotted fever, an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) detected antibodies against rickettsia rickettsii in 17 (77.3%) horses, 5 (31.3%) dogs (titers ranging from 64 to 4,048), and none of 4 donkeys or 50 humans. five canine and eight equine sera with high antibody titers to r. rickettsii were also tested by ifa against r. bellii, ... | 2004 | 15238696 |
| endocrine-paracrine cells of the male urogenital apparatus: a comparative histochemical and immunohistochemical study in some domestic ungulates. | specimens of testis, excurrent duct including the male accessory glands and urethra, were studied in boars, bulls, horses and donkeys, in order to localize endocrine/paracrine cells. silver impregnation methods were used to test the argentaffinity and/or argyrophilia of cells. immunoreactivities to chromogranin a, 5-hydroxytryptamine, somatostatin, [met]- and [leu]- enkephalins, gastrin-releasing peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, neuropeptide y, substance p, vasoactive intestinal peptide ... | 2004 | 15239814 |
| nutritional requirement of adult donkeys (equus asinus) during work and rest. | | 2004 | 15241974 |
| polymorphisms of the equine major histocompatibility complex class ii dra locus. | the full extent of the polymorphism of ela-dra in equidae is not yet known. given the apparent differences in dra polymorphisms between equidae and other species, the aims of this study were to more fully characterize ela-dra, determine the extent of gene polymorphism and establish the allele-frequency distribution. an allele reference panel for the second exon of ela-dra was established by sequence-based typing of 69 equine dna samples consisting of various breeds of domestic horse (equus cabal ... | 2004 | 15245372 |
| the spn4 gene of drosophila encodes a potent furin-directed secretory pathway serpin. | proprotein convertases (pcs) are an important class of host-cell serine endoproteases implicated in many physiological and pathological processes. owing to their expanding roles in the proteolytic events required for generating infectious microbial pathogens and for tumor growth and invasiveness, there is increasing interest in identifying endogenous pc inhibitors. here we report the identification of spn4a, a previously uncharacterized secretory pathway serine protease inhibitor (serpin) from d ... | 2004 | 15247425 |
| mononucleotide recognition by cyclic trinuclear palladium(ii) complexes containing 4,7-phenanthroline n,n bridges. | reaction of [(dach)pd(no3)2] entities (dach = (r,r)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, (s,s)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane) and 4,7-phenanthroline (phen) providing, respectively, 90 and 120 degrees bond angles, leads to the formation of two novel positively charged homochiral cyclic trinuclear metallacalix[3]arene species [((r,r)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)pd(phen)]3(no3)6 (2a) and [((s,s)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)pd(phen)]3(no3)6 (2b). these species have been characterised by 1)h nmr and x-ray diffraction methods (2b) ... | 2004 | 15252605 |
| positively charged porphyrins: a new series of photosensitizers for sterilization of rbcs. | photodynamic treatment could be a way to inactivate pathogens in rbcs. the objective of this study was to characterize the virucidal activity and rbc-damaging activity of a series of cationic porphyrins. using the most efficacious photosensitizer, various in-vitro human rbc quality variables and in-vivo rbc survival in rhesus monkeys were evaluated. | 2004 | 15265123 |
| towards an understanding of the heat capacity of liquids. a simple two-state model for molecular association. | a model for the temperature dependence of the isobaric heat capacity of associated pure liquids c(p,m)(o)(t) is proposed. taking the ideal gas as a reference state, the residual heat capacity is divided into nonspecific c(p) (res,ns) and associational c(p) (res,ass) contributions. statistical mechanics is used to obtain c(p)(res,ass) by means of a two-state model. all the experimentally observed c(p,m)(o)(t) types of curves in the literature are qualitatively described from the combination of th ... | 2004 | 15267557 |
| amblyomma cajennense ticks induce immediate hypersensitivity in horses and donkeys. | since host immune reaction to ticks interferes with tick-borne pathogen transmission, it is important to recognize naturally occurring tick-host immune relationships to better understand the epidemiology of such infectious diseases. amblyomma cajennense is an important tick-borne disease vector in the neotropical region and horses maintain it in domestic environments. in the present work intradermal testing of a. cajennense tick exposed horses and donkeys using crude tick antigens was used to ev ... | 2004 | 15285143 |
| antiphospholipid and antisynthetase syndrome in a patient with polymyositis-rheumatoid arthritis overlap. | idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, mainly polymyositis (pm) may occur in the course of several autoimmune diseases. the overlapping forms of myositis, when the patient also meets the criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (ra), affect 3%-5% of myositis patients [1]. to the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the overlapping form of ra, antiphospholipid syndrome (aps) and the serological subgroup of pm, the antisynthetase syndrome (ass). | 2004 | 15293105 |
| [feline leishmaniasis: what's the epidemiological role of the cat?]. | feline leishmaniasis (fl) is a quite uncommon feature. clinical disease has been described in cats since nineties begin. more than 40 reports in world literature have been referred, but the clinical cases have been only recently well defined. most of the reports focus on infected cats living in endemic areas, even if, more recently fl due to leishmania infantum was found in sao paulo state, in brazil where autochthonous human or canine leishmaniasis cases have never reported. in europe clinical ... | 2004 | 15305717 |
| development of a novel hand-held immunoassay for the detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7. | escherichia coli o157:h7 is an important human pathogen responsible for numerous outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome world-wide. a portable detection device is needed for field testing and point-of-care testing. poly(dimethylsiloxane) (pdms) is a solid substrate well suited for adsorption of macromolecules. the purpose of this study was to develop a hand-held enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of e. coli o157:h7 antigens. the prototype consiste ... | 2004 | 15320634 |
| [the use of dynamic axial external fixator with modified technique in pilon fractures of tibial]. | to retrospectively analyses the results of dynamic axial external fixator with modified technique in the treatment of severely pilon fractures. | 2004 | 15329234 |
| assignment of cps1, otc, cryd2, arg2 and ass genes to the chicken rh map. | an attempt was made to assign five genes, cps1, otc, ass, cryd2, and arg2, to chicken chromosomes (gga) by radiation-hybrid mapping. otc was assigned to gga1; arg2 to gga5; cps1 to gga7; and cryd2 to gga19. ass was not, however, assigned to a specific chromosomal position. | 2004 | 15339635 |
| the macroanatomy of coronary arteries in donkeys (equus asinus l.). | the aim of this study was to define the arteries that supply the cardiac muscle in donkeys with regard to their course and possible variations. six hearts belonging to donkeys of different age and sex constituted the material of the study. following exposition of the arteries by means of injection of latex coloured with rotring ink to a. coronaria sinistra and a. coronaria dextra, dissection was performed. the arterial vascularization of the heart in donkeys was determined to be supplied by a. c ... | 2004 | 15352880 |
| the influence of sulfur and iron on dissolved arsenic concentrations in the shallow subsurface under changing redox conditions. | the chemical speciation of arsenic in sediments and porewaters of aquifers is the critical factor that determines whether dissolved arsenic accumulates to potentially toxic levels. sequestration of arsenic in solid phases, which may occur by adsorption or precipitation processes, controls dissolved concentrations. we present synchrotron x-ray absorption spectra of arsenic in shallow aquifer sediments that indicate the local structure of realgar (ass) as the primary arsenic-bearing phase in sulfa ... | 2004 | 15356340 |
| nonfatal splenic haematoma and pancytopenia in an ass. | this report describes a case of nonfatal idiopathic splenic haematoma and pancytopenia in a female ass, a condition that has not been previously reported in this species. a 12-year-old female ass weighing 225 kg was presented with signs of anorexia, depression and prominent abdominal distension. at the onset of clinical signs there was evidence of anaemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. a large mass was palpated per rectum. the mass was confluent with the spleen and extended across the entire ... | 2004 | 15359962 |
| [for which patient ass, clopidogrel or dipyridamole? (interview by dr. med. dirk einecke)]. | | 2004 | 15366496 |
| use of solid-phase double-antibody radioimmunoassay to identify species from small skeletal fragments. | protein radioimmunoassay (pria) offers the potential to identify species in small skeletal fragments submitted as forensic evidence. the technique consists of protein extraction followed by a solid-phase double-antibody radioimmunoassay using controls of antisera (raised in rabbits) and radioactive (iodine-125) antibody of rabbit gamma globulin (produced in donkeys). species determination results from evaluation of radioactivity uptake. to demonstrate the potential of this technique, six known b ... | 2004 | 15461091 |
| [clopidogrel protection is not increased further by ass!]. | | 2004 | 15468578 |
| a redescription of cylicocyclus adersi boulenger, 1920 (nematoda: strongyloidea: cyathostominae) parasitic in equids. | as part of a revision of the systematics of the cyathostominea of equids, we determined that the single type-specimen of cylicocyclus adersi boulenger, 1920 is missing and a modern description of this rare species parasitic in donkeys equus asinus l. and zebras e. burchelli (gray) and e. zebra l. is not available. systematists at a workshop on the systematics of the cyathostominea of horses, convened on august 11, 1997 in sun city, south africa, listed c. adersi as a species inquirenda . herein, ... | 2004 | 15477753 |
| polymerase chain reaction method to detect canis materials by amplification of species-specific dna fragment. | rapid identification of mammal materials in feeding stuffs and food is essential for effective control of a potential source of pathogens, such as those that cause bovine spongiform encephalopathy. a convenient polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay was developed for detection and identification of a canis-specific mitochondrial dna sequence in foodstuffs and food. the amplified canis-specific pcr product was a 213 base pair band from the d-loop dna fragment of mitochondria, a high copy gen ... | 2004 | 15493678 |
| mitochondrial d-loop sequence variation among italian horse breeds. | the genetic variability of the mitochondrial d-loop dna sequence in seven horse breeds bred in italy (giara, haflinger, italian trotter, lipizzan, maremmano, thoroughbred and sarcidano) was analysed. five unrelated horses were chosen in each breed and twenty-two haplotypes were identified. the sequences obtained were aligned and compared with a reference sequence and with 27 mtdna d-loop sequences selected in the genbank database, representing spanish, portuguese, north african, wild horses and ... | 2004 | 15496286 |
| resonant mirror biosensor detection method based on yessotoxin-phosphodiesterase interactions. | yessotoxin (ytx) is a generic name for a group of lipophilic compounds recently discovered and chemically characterized. association measurements were done in a resonant mirror biosensor. the instrument detects changes in the refractive index and/or thickness occurring within a few hundred nanometers form the sensor surface where a molecule is attached. we used aminosilane surfaces where phosphodiesterase 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide-specific from bovine brain (pdes) was immobilized. over this immobi ... | 2004 | 15519578 |
| [ass plus dipyridamole instead of ass monotherapy. risk for second stroke cut in half]. | | 2004 | 15526674 |
| arsenic contamination in parts of yamuna sub-basin, west bengal. | arsenic rarely occurs in free state and is generally found in combination with sulphur, oxygen and iron. in the environment, arsenic occurs as a result of several inputs that contain this element in organic and inorganic forms. arsenic is present in coal, lead, zinc, gold and copper ores in the form of several minerals viz. arsenopyrite (feass), orpiment (as2s3), realgar (ass), arsenolite (as2o3) and lollingite (feas2). the commonly existing species in groundwater are in two forms viz. arsenite ... | 2003 | 15527018 |
| [recurrent hemispheric symptoms without proof of ischemia]. | anamnesis and clinical findings: over the last 6 years, a 48-year-old patient recurrently experienced passing neurological left hemispheric symptoms of varying strength. because of the patient's distinctive cardiovascular risk profile, these symptoms were diagnosed as transitory ischaemic episodes. on inquiry, the patient now reported frequent headaches in close temporal connection to the events. | 2004 | 15536580 |
| donkey: hero or villain of the parasite world? past, present and future. | | 2004 | 15536695 |
| [the antiphospholipid syndrome]. | antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (aps) is characterised by the presence of frequently recurring venous and/or arterial thrombosis, abortions and repeated evidence of lupus anticoagulants and/or anticardiolipin (acl)-antibodies. the presence of lupus anticoagulants and/or high levels of acl-antibodies in particular increases the risk of thrombosis. at present there are several models for the systemic and cell-damaging pathogenesis of phospholipid-antibodies. where there are repeated occurrences ... | 2004 | 15543473 |
| veterinary medical education in iraq. | iraq is an agricultural country with a large population of animals: sheep, goats, cattle, water buffaloes, horses, donkeys, mules, and camels. in the 1980s, the successful poultry industry managed to produce enough table eggs and meat to satisfy the needs of the entire population; at one time, the thriving fish industry produced different types of fish for iraqis' yearly fish consumption. there are four veterinary colleges in iraq, which have been destroyed along with the veterinary services inf ... | 2004 | 15551223 |
| pharmacokinetics of r(-) and s(+) carprofen after administration of racemic carprofen in donkeys and horses. | to compare plasma disposition of the r(-) and s(+) enantiomers of carprofen after iv administration of a bolus dose to donkeys and horses. | 2004 | 15566084 |
| nonhealing ulcer secondary to factor v leiden mutation and cryofibrinogenemia. | factor v leiden is the most common genetic thrombophilia in people of european descent, and is important to recognize as it can have significant implications in dermatology. we report a case of a 30-year-old man who presented for evaluation and treatment of a chronic ulceration on the site of his stump following a below the knee amputation which had been performed for non-healing ulcerations. despite a variety of treatments, his ulcer persisted. he was referred to a dermatologist who performed a ... | 2004 | 15577768 |
| comparative kinetics and mechanism of oxygen and sulfur atom transfer reactions mediated by bis(dithiolene) complexes of molybdenum and tungsten. | although the kinetics and mechanism of metal-mediated oxygen atom (oxo) transfer reactions have been examined in some detail, sulfur atom (sulfido) transfer reactions have not been similarly scrutinized. the reactions [m(iv)(o-p-c(6)h(4)x')(s(2)c(2)me(2))(2)](1-) + ph(3)asq --> [m(vi)q(o-p-c(6)h(4)x')(s(2)c(2)me(2))(2)](1-) + ph(3)as (m = mo, w; q = o, s) with variable substituent x' have been investigated in acetonitrile in order to determine the relative rates of oxo versus sulfido transfer at ... | 2004 | 15578849 |
| approaches to familial aggregation: hypothesis testing and estimation when families are selected through parent probands under a variant of single ascertainment. | epidemiologic approaches to testing and estimating familial aggregation of a disease consist of comparing rates of disease in relatives of individuals with the disease (known as case probands) with rates of disease in relatives of individuals without the disease (known as control probands). gold et al. (j am stat ass 1967;62: 409-420) derived an explicit mathematical model and sampling methods, under which this approach is equivalent to testing the null hypotheses that the disease risk in famili ... | 2004 | 15583423 |
| 3d qsar studies on gsk-3 inhibition by aloisines. | gsk-3 is involved in various physiological processes and its inhibitors have been evaluated as promising drug candidates for a lot of unmet pathologies. in this paper, inhibition of gsk-3 by aloisines is investigated by 3d qsar studies. two alignment rules were applied to check the influence of spatial alignment of the compounds. both the comfa and comsia techniques were carried out and ass procedure was applied for comfa to find a satisfactory model. the best qsar model obtained is a comsia mod ... | 2005 | 15603961 |
| [argininosuccinate synthetase (ass)]. | | 2004 | 15628453 |
| the animal reservoir of tunga penetrans in severely affected communities of north-east brazil. | tungiasis is a zoonotic ectoparasitosis caused by the sand flea tunga penetrans l. (siphonaptera: tungidae). this disease is hyperendemic in poor communities of north-east brazil, causing considerable morbidity in affected human populations, but the animal reservoirs have not been investigated previously in brazil. to assess the prevalence and intensity of t. penetrans infection in domestic and peri-domestic animals, as well as in the human population, we surveyed two typical communities of nort ... | 2004 | 15641998 |
| incorporating transition metal complexes into tetrathioarsenates(v): syntheses, structures, and properties of two unprecedented [mn(dien)2]n[mn(dien)ass4]2n.4nh2o and [mn(en)3]2[mn(en)2ass4][as3s6]. | two transition-metal tetrathioarsenate complexes, [mn(dien)(2)](n)[mn(dien)ass(4)](2n).4nh(2)o (1) with one-dimensional water chain and [mn(en)(3)](2)[mn(en)(2)ass(4)][as(3)s(6)] (2) with mixed-valence as(3+)/as(5+) character, have been synthesized and structurally characterized. the tetrathioarsenate(v) anion acts as a novel mu(2)-eta(1),eta(2) ligand in 1 and as a chelating ligand in 2. the two compounds exhibit intriguing semiconducting properties (e(g) = 2.18 ev (1), 2.48 ev (2)) and strong ... | 2005 | 15651862 |
| antitumor-active cobalt-alkyne complexes derived from acetylsalicylic acid: studies on the mode of drug action. | cobalt-alkyne complexes are drugs with remarkable cytotoxicity. from the complexes tested up to now we selected the aspirin derivative [2-acetoxy-(2-propynyl)benzoate]hexacarbonyldicobalt (co-ass) as the lead compound. to get more insight into the mode of action, we systematically modified the alkyne ligand and determined the cytotoxic properties of the resulting cobalt complexes. further investigations were performed on the drug lipophilicity, the cellular uptake into mcf-7 and mda-mb 231 breas ... | 2005 | 15658875 |
| [transformation characteristics of sulfur forms in acid sulfate soils under different soil water conditions]. | aimed to detect the quantitative impact of soil water condition on the transformation of sulfur forms in acid sulfate soils (ass), a simulation test was made with 8 treatments. the results indicated that water was an important factor affecting the transformation processes. wet but not inundated or over dried condition was benefit to the oxidation of pyrite s and the formation of water soluble s (ws-s) and exchangeable s (ex-s) in ass. in the three treatments with different inundated and drained ... | 2004 | 15669486 |
| toxicity and adaptive immune response to intracellular transgenes delivered by helper-dependent vs. first generation adenoviral vectors. | the host immune response to intracellular transgenes delivered by helper-dependent (hdv) vs. first generation (fgv) adenoviral vectors has been relatively unstudied. previous studies showed short-term correction of bovine and murine argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) deficiency after first generation adenoviral-mediated liver gene therapy. to determine whether the host adaptive immune response against the intracellular transgene human ass (hass) contributed to loss of gene expression in this set ... | 2004 | 15694178 |
| intranasal immunisation with defective adenovirus serotype 5 expressing the venezuelan equine encephalitis virus e2 glycoprotein protects against airborne challenge with virulent virus. | there is no vaccine licensed for human use to protect laboratory or field workers against infection with venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev). infection of these groups is most likely to occur via the airborne route and there is evidence to suggest that protection against airborne infection may require high antibody levels and the presence of antibody on the mucosal surface of the respiratory tract. recombinant defective type 5 adenoviruses, expressing the e3e26k structural genes of veev ... | 2005 | 15694514 |
| effect of lipopolysaccharide on in vivo and genetic regulation of rat urea synthesis. | the acute phase response causes a negative nitrogen balance. it is unknown whether this involves regulation of hepatic urea synthesis. | 2005 | 15698416 |
| [protective effect of ass on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats]. | to observe the protective effect of acanthopanax senticosus saponins (ass) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. | 2004 | 15709388 |
| a comparison of the intestinal helminth communities of equidae in southern africa. | the intestinal helminth communities of 8 horses, 12 donkeys, 21 hartmann's mountain zebras, and 44 burchell's zebras were compared using the original data from 6 studies in south africa and namibia. necropsy and worm recovery techniques were comparable between the studies. sixty helminth species (58 nematode, 1 cestode, and 1 trematode species) were recorded. there were significant differences in the helminth community structures of the 4 equus species. the helminth communities of the 2 closely ... | 2004 | 15715215 |
| nursing older donkeys. | | 2005 | 15717507 |
| gastroduodenal artery steal syndrome during liver transplantation: intraoperative diagnosis with doppler ultrasound and management. | arterial steal syndrome (ass) after liver transplantation has been reported. ass causes arterial hypo-perfusion of the graft liver and devastating consequences. however, the diagnosis tends to be delayed. we present the recognized case of a gastroduodenal artery (gda) steal syndrome that was diagnosed with intraoperative doppler ultrasound and treated with gda ligation during the liver transplantation. the patient had variation of hepatic artery anatomy (low bifurcation of the hepatic artery). g ... | 2005 | 15730497 |
| control and eradication of african horse sickness with vaccine. | african horse sickness (ahs) is an infectious but no-contagious viral disease of equidae with high mortality in horses. the disease is caused by an arthropod-borne double-stranded rna virus within the genus orbivirus of the family reoviridae transmitted by at least two species of culicoides. nine different serotypes have been described. the nine serotypes of ahs have been described in eastern and southern africa. only ahs serotypes 9 and 4 have been found in west africa from where they occasiona ... | 2004 | 15742636 |
| a review of acid sulfate soil impacts, actions and policies that impact on water quality in great barrier reef catchments, including a case study on remediation at east trinity. | an estimated 666,000 ha of acid sulfate soils (ass) occur within the great barrier reef (gbr) catchments of queensland, australia. extensive areas have been drained causing acidification, metal contamination, deoxygenation and iron precipitation in reef receiving waters. the close proximity of ass to reef waters makes them a substantial threat to water quality. another important issue linked with ass is their release of soluble iron, which is known to stimulate nuisance marine algal blooms, in p ... | 2004 | 15757717 |
| sperm motility patterns and metabolism in catalonian donkey semen. | the sperm-class analyzer detected four subpopulations of spermatozoa with different motility characteristics in the ejaculate of the catalonian donkey. significant differences (p < 0.001) in the distribution of these subpopulations, as well as in total sperm number and percentage total motility, were seen in the diluted semen of four sampled donkeys. all the ejaculates evaluated showed excellent semen quality characteristics; the sperm they contained was more rapid than horse sperm. principal co ... | 2005 | 15763113 |
| donkey work: women, religion, and hiv/aids in malawi. | addressed in this article are the familial, cultural and religious influences on malawi women that contribute to hiv/aids. thirty-nine adult malawi women representing voluntary assistance groups, religious groups, and university women participated in 3 focus groups in malawi. interview data were taped, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. findings revealed that multiple burdens in the lives of malawi women resulting from poverty and responsibility for family members ... | 2005 | 15764458 |
| the arterial vascularization of septum interventriculare in donkeys (equus asinus l.). | in this study, arteries that supply the septum interventriculare in donkeys, their course and variations, if present, were defined. six hearts belonging to donkeys of varying age and sex constituted the material of the study. in order to expose the arteries, latex coloured with rotring ink was injected into a. coronaria sinistra and a. coronaria dextra and dissection was performed. the arterial vascularization of the heart in donkeys is supplied by a. coronaria sinistra and a. coronoria dextra, ... | 2005 | 15771668 |
| acid-base equilibrium of anionic dyes partially bound to micelles of nonionic surfactants. | the acid-base equilibria of the sulfonephthalein dyes, namely, bromothymol blue, thymol blue, and cresol red, in aqueous nonionic micellar solutions of triton x-100, tween-20, tween-40, tween-60, and tween-80 have been investigated. the equilibrium constants of the partition of the dyes between micellar and aqueous pseudophases have been determined spectrophotometrically at fixed ph. the k(ass) increased with the surfactants in the order tween-80<tween-60<tween-40<tween-20<tx-100. the effect of ... | 2005 | 15797436 |
| evaluation of myocardial flow reserve using pharmacological stress thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography: is there a difference between total arterial off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and conventional coronary artery bypass grafting? | the advantage of total arterial off-pump coronary bypass grafting (opcab) over conventional onpump coronary artery bypass grafting with 1 internal thoracic artery and veins (ccab) in terms of myocardial flow reserve has not been studied. we studied these procedures using thallium- 201 perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (tl-201 perfusion spect). | 2004 | 15799928 |
| short-term effects of arsenic sulfur in deficits of contractile and relaxant responses on urinary bladder: pharmacological and structural changes. | our goal was to investigate the effects of arsenic sulfur (ass) on the detrusor smooth muscle reactivity. | 2005 | 15812217 |
| dermatitis, branchitis and mortality in empire gudgeon hypseleotris compressa exposed naturally to runoff from acid sulfate soils. | severe dermatitis and branchitis are described in a wild population of empire gudgeon hypseleotris compressa, an australian eleotrid, exposed naturally to runoff from acid sulfate soils (ass) in a drained estuarine embayment in eastern australia. after at least 2 d exposure to ph < 4, and up to 7 d exposure to ph < 6, approximately 50% of the fish sampled had moderate to severe diffuse epidermal hyperplasia, usually at scale margins, and scattered areas of moderate to severe, focal to locally ex ... | 2005 | 15819440 |
| il-1beta stimulates argininosuccinate synthetase gene expression through nf-kappab in caco-2 cells. | argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) is limiting the arginine synthesis and can be stimulated by immunostimulants. we previously identified a putative nf-kappab element in the human ass gene promoter but its functionality was unknown (husson et al., eur. j. biochem. 270 (2003) 1887). in the present study, using caco-2 cells, a human enterocyte line, we demonstrate that il-1beta rapidly induces the expression of the ass gene at a transcriptional level through nf-kappab activation. using gel shift a ... | 2005 | 15820746 |
| the molecular structure of fluoromalononitrile as determined by gas-phase electron diffraction and ab initio calculations. | the molecular structure of fluoromalononitrile was studied by means of gas-phase electron diffraction and quantum mechanical methods using hf/6-31g(d), mp2/6-311++g(2df,2pd) and dft/b3lyp/6-31g(d), b3pw91/6-31g(d), b3lyp/6-311++g(2df,2pd) and b3pw91/6-311++g(2df,2pd). the r(g) and angle(alpha) structural parameters we obtained from the present analysis are: cc=1.487(5) a, cn=1.157(3) a, cf=1.386(5) a, ch=1.096 a (ass.), angleccc=106.7(1.0) degrees , angleccf=108.0(0.7) degrees , angleccn=177.6(2 ... | 2005 | 15820901 |
| [gastrointestinal bleeding during low dose acetylsalicylic acid. is godamed-100 tah an alternative to conventional ass preparations?]. | | 2005 | 15830316 |
| [female, young, healthy. ass does not protect from myocardial infarct]. | | 2005 | 15832782 |
| [after the disappointing ass primary prevention trial. "holding back in women"]. | | 2005 | 15832783 |
| genetically engineered, live, attenuated vaccines protect nonhuman primates against aerosol challenge with a virulent ie strain of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. | two live, attenuated strains of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (vee), ie1150k and v3526, were administered to macaques to determine if they could elicit protection against an aerosol challenge with virulent vee virus of the ie variety (veev-ie). these viruses were rescued from full-length cdna clones of 68u201 (veev-ie variety) and trinidad donkey (veev-ia/b variety), respectively, and both have a furin cleavage site deletion mutation and a second-site resuscitating mutation. both vaccines ... | 2005 | 15837213 |
| an epizootic of equine influenza in upper egypt in 2000. | this study describes an epizootic of respiratory tract disease caused by influenza virus infection in a large population of equines in luxor and aswan, upper egypt, during the winter of 2000. the epizootic started in january and the infection rate reached its peak in february before gradually decreasing until the end of april, 2000. horses, donkeys and mules of all ages and both sexes were affected. free movement of the infected equines and direct contact between the animals at markets facilitat ... | 2004 | 15861887 |
| anthrax in wabessa village in the dessie zuria district of ethiopia. | in 2002 an investigation of sudden death in a goat in wabessa village in the dessie zuria district of ethiopia was undertaken using fresh blood brought to the kombolcha regional veterinary laboratory. the sample was examined using standard bacteriological techniques and animal pathogenicity tests were also performed. the laboratory investigation revealed bacillus anthracis as the cause of sudden death. information gathered from stockowners in the same village revealed other similar recent cases ... | 2004 | 15861891 |
| redescription of besnoitia bennetti (protozoa: apicomplexa) from the donkey (equus asinus). | besnoitia bennetti tissue cysts were found in four naturally-infected donkeys (equus asinus) from the usa. infectivity of its bradyzoites and tachyzoites to animals and cell culture was studied. the bradyzoites were not infectious to out-bred swiss webster mice, rabbits or gerbils. when fed tissue cysts, cats did not excrete oocysts. however, the parasite was infectious to interferon-gamma gene knock out mice. the parasite from tissues of two donkeys was grown successfully in bovine monocyte mon ... | 2005 | 15862579 |
| acute necrotising pancreatitis following grain overload in a donkey. | a donkey developed abdominal discomfort and distension together with cardiovascular collapse and gastric reflux 24 to 36 hours after ingesting a large amount of poultry feed. rectal findings prompted a laparotomy that identified extensive gastric dilation, an empty, atonic small intestine, dry colonic content and an easily corrected caecal displacement. these findings were not consistent with the severity of the signs, which were attributed to endotoxaemia. the donkey was euthanased during recov ... | 2004 | 15887385 |
| [oral antithrombotic therapy in primary and secondary prevention]. | cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in western societies, with further increasing incidence. therefore both, primary and secondary prevention play a pivotal role. medicamentous prevention schemes include the antithrombotic drugs acetylsalicylic acid (ass) and clopidogrel. a number of studies tested the efficacy and safety of ass for primary prevention. a meta-analysis of these primary prevention trials could demonstrate a decrease of cardiovascular events only for patients being ... | 2005 | 15902368 |
| the novel bovine serpin endopin 2c demonstrates selective inhibition of the cysteine protease cathepsin l compared to the serine protease elastase, in cross-class inhibition. | molecular cloning revealed the unique serpin endopin 2c that demonstrates selective inhibition of cathepsin l compared to papain or elastase. endopin 2c, thus, functions as a serpin with the property of cross-class inhibition. endopin 2c possesses homology in primary sequence to endopin 2a and other isoforms of endopins related to alpha1-antichymotrypsin, yet endopin 2c differs in its target protease specificity. recombinant endopin 2c showed effective inhibition of cathepsin l with a stoichiome ... | 2005 | 15909990 |
| immunohistochemical investigation of amyloid beta-protein (abeta) in the brain of aged cats. | to clarify the immunohistochemical features of amyloid deposits and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (caa), the distribution of the amyloid beta-protein subtypes abeta40, abeta42, abeta43 and abeta precursor protein (app) were examined in the brains of fourteen aged cats (7.5-21 year-old). two types of plaques were detected. the first type was characterized by ass positive antigenic material and detected in the cortical layers of the frontal and parietal lobes of all examined cats. the second type wa ... | 2005 | 15944921 |
| stability, protein binding and thiol interaction studies on [2-acetoxy-(2-propynyl)benzoate]hexacarbonyldicobalt. | cobalt-alkyne complexes are a new class of potent cytotoxic drugs. the lead compound [2-acetoxy-(2-propynyl)benzoate]hexacarbonyldicobalt (co-ass) showed high effects on several human cancer cell lines. in order to evaluate further the in-vitro properties and reactivity of this substance we performed stability and protein binding studies and investigated the interaction of this complex with 1,2-ethanedithiol, l-cysteine and glutathione. uv-vis, hplc and aas studies showed that the compound was s ... | 2005 | 15954743 |
| xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: differentiation from associated gall bladder carcinoma. | xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (xgc) is a destructive form of chronic cholecystitis. in some patients it coexists with gall bladder carcinoma (gbc) and is often difficult to differentiate between the two. present study was performed with an aim to identify differentiating features of xgc and those of xgc with associated gall bladder carcinoma (xgc ass. gbc). a retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data of 4800 cholecystectomies performed from january 1988 to december 2003 was car ... | 2005 | 15974235 |