| oral treatment with a potential probiotic (enterococcus faecalis cect 7121) appears to reduce the parasite burden of mice infected with toxocara canis. | | 2007 | 17716442 |
| [presentation of cerebral toxocariasis with mental confusion in an adult: case report and review of the literature]. | toxocariasis is usually responsible for visceral larva migrans syndroms. nervous system involvement is a rare complication. in this report, we describe one case of meningoencephalitis due to toxocara canis in a 73-year-old man presenting with mental confusion. the diagnosis of cerebral toxocariasis was confirmed by immunodiagnosis in both serum and cerebro-spinal fluid. cerebral toxocariasis may be suspected in patients presenting with some neurological patterns including: confusion, meningitis, ... | 2007 | 17727029 |
| seroprevalence of zoonoses in a cree community (canada). | cree trappers and hunters are at risk for contracting infectious diseases conveyed by wildlife. we performed a study in a cree community (canada) to determine the seroprevalence of 8 zoonotic infections among hunters and trappers for evidence of exposure to trichinella sp., toxoplasma gondii, toxocara canis, echinococcus granulosus, leptospira sp., coxiella burnetii, francisella tularensis, and sin nombre virus. a total of 50 participants (28 women and 22 men) were included in this study. result ... | 2007 | 17878068 |
| vasoproliferative tumors of the retina secondary to ocular toxocariasis. | | 2007 | 17891207 |
| [a case of hepatic abscess caused by toxocara]. | toxocariasis is a helminozoonosis caused by the infection of a human host by the larva of toxocara canis and toxocara catis, which are common nematodes in dogs and cats, and occurs more frequently in school age children. toxocariasis shows variable clinical manifestations including hepatomegaly, bronchial asthma, uveitis, central nervous system symptoms with peripheral eosinophilia and an increased total serum ige level. however a hepatic abscess caused by toxocara infection in adults is rare. w ... | 2007 | 17898557 |
| visceral larva migrans presenting as multiple intracranial and intraspinal abscesses. | involvement of nervous system by toxocariasis is rare and can produce a spectrum of pathology that includes eosinophillic meningoencephalitis, meningomyelitis, space occupying lesions, vasculitis causing seizures or behavioral abnormalities posing diagnostic dilemmas. we describe a 38-year-old man who presented with multiple intracranial and intramedullary abscesses caused by visceral larva migrans. neurohelminthiasis as a cause of multiple abscesses, though rare, should be entertained as a diff ... | 2007 | 17899691 |
| changes to plasminogen activators and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in dogs with toxocarosis. | the relationship between proteolytic enzymes and hematological response to infection was studied in five 1-month-old dogs inoculated experimentally with 2000 eggs of toxocara canis. moderate leukocytosis and marked eosinophilia occurred 14 days post-infection with t. canis. plasminogen activators (pas) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9) activity in serum was significantly different in dogs infected with t. canis, compared with controls. urokinase-type pa (upa) activity was positively correla ... | 2007 | 17913363 |
| evaluation of follow-up of therapy with fenbendazole incorporated into stabilized liposomes and immunomodulator glucan in mice infected with toxocara canis larvae. | anthelmintic activity of benzimidazole carbamate anthelmintics is low against dormant toxocara canis larvae during late infections in paratenic hosts. the present study was conducted to examine the efficacy of pure fenbendazole, or drug incorporated into sterically stabilized liposomes (sl-fbz) administered to t. canis-infected mice alone and after its co-administration with the immunomodulator (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan against larvae localized in muscles and brains. therapy with either drug forms ( ... | 2007 | 17915186 |
| [the occurrence of gastrointestinal cestode and nematode infections in stray dogs in afyonkarahisar and eskisehir provinces]. | this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of cestode and nematode infections in stray dogs in afyonkarahisar and eskisehir provinces. a total of 287 dogs (n=150 from afyonkarahisar and n=137 from eskisehir) of different ages and sexes living in animal shelters were used in this study. after the coprological examination, dogs were found to be infected with various gastrointestinal cestode and nematode species. it was found that rates of infection were 46% (69 out of 150) in afyonkara ... | 2007 | 17918061 |
| toxocariasis of the liver: visceral larva migrans. | toxocariasis is caused by dog ascarid, toxocara canis, forming eosinophilic inflammation such as eosinophilic abscess or granuloma in the liver and lungs. the lesions move slowly and thus the disease is called as visceral larva migrans. on ct or mr imaging, hepatic lesions are seen as multiple, ill-defined, oval lesions that measure 1.0-1.5 cm in diameter. sometimes, the lesion may be angular or trapezoid. the lesions are usually best seen on the portal venous phase in dynamic contrast-enhanced ... | 2008 | 17924161 |
| a comparison of the protein constituents of the major body compartments of the dog roundworm, toxocara canis. | an analysis of the protein profiles of intact worms and isolated tissues of adult male and female toxocara canis worms was conducted. soluble proteins recovered from homogenized whole specimens and dissected tissues (body wall, reproductive tract, esophagus and intestine) of t. canis adults from several different canine hosts were separated by size using gradient sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis (sds-page) and visualized with silver staining. sds-page profiles of worms from different hosts ... | 2007 | 17949909 |
| anti-eosinophilic effect of lafoensia pacari in toxocariasis. | we previously reported the anti-inflammatory activity of lafoensia pacari extract in toxocara canis infection, a model of systemic il-5-dependent eosinophil migration. in the present study, we describe the kinetics of the anti-inflammatory activity of l. pacari extract and compare it with dexamethasone. t. canis-infected mice were submitted to different treatment protocols and the cells present in bronchoalveolar space and peritoneal cavity were collected at the end of each treatment period. the ... | 2008 | 17949961 |
| western blot antibody determination in sera from patients diagnosed with anisakis sensitization with different antigenic fractions of anisakis simplex purified by affinity chromatography. | using western blot techniques, the specificities of crude and purified (pak and pas) anisakis simplex antigens were compared against 24 sera from patients diagnosed with anisakis sensitization. all patients recognized a 60 kda protein against the a. simplex crude extract, while 37.5% and 12.5% reacted with proteins of 40 and 25 kda, respectively, when igg was tested. in the case of ige determination, 41.6% of sera were negative, while 12.5% and 20.8% appeared to cross-react against toxocara cani ... | 2007 | 17974043 |
| decontamination by anaerobic stabilisation of the environment contaminated with enteronematode eggs toxocara canis and ascaris suum. | investigations were carried out under operating conditions of field composting factory in brezno (slovak republic) to determine the effect of anaerobic stabilization of organic wastes from public areas on the survival of model helminth toxocara canis and ascaris suum eggs. due to anaerobic conditions, low temperature, low c:n ratio and changes in physical and chemical properties of organic waste, less than 64% of a. suum eggs remained viable after 150 days of stabilisation. the anaerobic stabili ... | 2008 | 17976979 |
| comment on "epilepsy and seropositivity rates of toxocara canis and toxoplasma gondii". | | 2008 | 17977752 |
| the immune response to toxocariasis does not modify susceptibility to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in balb/c mice. | mycobacterium tuberculosis and helminth infections coincide geographically and are classically described as th1 and th2 pathologies. there is much interest in exploring how concurrent worm infections might alter immune responses to mycobacterial infection. to explore this issue, mice were infected with toxocara canis and co-infected with m. tuberculosis. mice infected with m. tuberculosis had high numbers of neutrophils and mononuclear cells within the alveolar spaces, with increased parenchymal ... | 2007 | 17978073 |
| echinococcosis in dogs in urban and rural areas in dakahlia governorate, egypt. | a sample of one hundred and ninety stray dogs was captured from mansoura city (urban) and three hundreds and fifty stray dogs were captured from meet el-korama, mansheit el-badawy villages (rural). the total prevalence of e. granulosus was 5%, with a worm burden ranging from 4 to 1010 (mean = 421). the significant prevalence was 6% in the rural area and 3.2% in the urban one. e. granulosus showed higher prevalence in young than old dogs and in males than females but without significant differenc ... | 2007 | 17985582 |
| echinococcosis granulosus in stray dogs and echino-ihat in the hunters in cairo, egypt. | a total of fifty stray dogs of both sex and of different ages were examined for natural infection with echinococcus granulosus after post-mortem. three main intestinal helminthes were recovered. these were in descending order of abundance dipylidium caninum, toxocara canis and e. granulosus. the latter worm was demonstrated in eight of them (16%). the sera of three out of 21 dog-hunters (14.3%) showed positive echino-ihat. two of the hunters suffered enterobius vermicularis and one of them had t ... | 2007 | 17985585 |
| efficacy of eprinomectin against toxacara canis in dogs. | this study was made to investigate efficacy of eprinomectin against to toxocara canis in dogs. in the study, 20 stray dogs naturally infected with t. canis were divided into two groups as treatment (ten dogs) and control (ten dogs). eprinomectin (100 microg/kg, eprinex 250 ml) was given to treatment group dogs orally, and eggs per gram were determined in the faeces on the day of pre-treatment and the second, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth days of post-treatment. no side effects associated with ... | 2008 | 17992540 |
| an unusual case of toxocara canis of the ascending colon. | a 52-year-old cypriot woman was admitted to the surgical department of larnaca general hospital complaining of diarrhea and pain in the right upper and lower quadrants, which was reproduced by clinical examination. a palpable mass was also felt in the region. the white blood cell count was 8420/mul: 73.9% neutrophils, 13.3% lymphocytes and 6.9% eosinophils. erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 80 mm/h. parasitic examination of the stools was negative. a colonoscopy located a small mass near the il ... | 2007 | 17998843 |
| prevalence and intensity of toxocara canis (werner, 1782) in dogs and its potential public health significance in ile-ife, nigeria. | a study on the prevalence and intensity of toxocara canis (werner, 1782) in dogs was carried out in ile-ife, nigeria. faecal samples were collected from 269 dogs between january and december 2004, processed by the kato-katz technique and then examined for t. canis eggs. the prevalence of t. canis obtained was 33.8%. the intensity of infection, measured as mean egg count per gram of faeces ( +/- sem) was 393.8 +/- 83.4. the prevalence and intensity of t. canis in dogs aged 0-6 months were signifi ... | 2007 | 18005468 |
| anti-inflammatory effects of lafoensia pacari and ellagic acid in a murine model of asthma. | we have shown that the ethanolic extract of lafoensia pacari inhibits eosinophilic inflammation induced by toxocara canis infection, and that ellagic acid is the secondary metabolite responsible for the anti-eosinophilic activity seen in a model of beta-glucan peritonitis. in the present study, we investigated the preventive and curative effects of l. pacari extract and ellagic acid on allergic lung inflammation using a murine model of ovalbumin-induced asthma. in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, p ... | 2008 | 18021768 |
| eosinophilic cholecystitis as a rare manifestation of visceral larva migrans. | eosinophilic cholecystitis is an infrequent form of cholecystitis. the etiology of eosinophilic cholecystitis is still obscure, and it is sometimes accompanied with several complications, but a simultaneous onset with pericarditis is very rare. we would like to make an alternative interpretation of our recent report "kaji k, yoshiji h, yoshikawa m, yamazaki m, ikenaka y, noguchi r, sawai m, ishikawa m, mashitani t, kitade m, kawaratani h, uemura m, yamao j, fujimoto m, mitoro a, toyohara m, yosh ... | 2007 | 18023114 |
| neurotoxocarosis. | infection of humans with embryonated eggs of toxocara canis (larva migrans) remains asymptomatic, or results in covert or common toxocarosis, visceral larva migrans syndrome, or ophthalmologic and neurologic impairment. though neurological manifestations of toxocara canis larvae are rare, toxocarosis remains an important differential diagnosis of various neurological disorders. manifestations of the central nervous system are dementia, meningo-encephalitis, myelitis, cerebral vasculitis, epileps ... | 2007 | 18026633 |
| epilepsy and toxocariasis: a case-control study in italy. | to assess the relationship between epilepsy and toxocariasis in adult subjects by means of a case-control study in catania, italy. | 2008 | 18031545 |
| inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition influenced granuloma formation with suppressed collagen expression in myositis caused by toxocara canis in mice. | the role of nitric oxide (no) in granuloma pathology is largely unclear to date. we investigated the role of no in fibrotic granuloma development in the musculature of mice infected with toxocara canis from 1 day (dpi) to 8 weeks post-infection (wpi) using the no synthase (nos) inhibitors, l-nil (l-n6-1-iminoethyl lysine). in infected mice, elevated serum no concentrations were seen at 1 dpi (204.1 +/- 0.2 microm) and 1 wpi (145.1 +/- 0.2 microm); it declined drastically from 4 wpi onwards (57.0 ... | 2008 | 18034265 |
| [historical review on the development of medical parasitology in china during the years of 1871-2006]. | the present review deals with the representative research papers on human parasites and parasitic diseases in china over the past hundred years (1871-2006). as the views focused on the development of the medical parasitology, the historical background and progressive characters in the period of fermentation, origination, and expansion have been discussed. the check list of the first cases of human parasitic diseases reported in china during 1871-2006 contained 128 species of parasitic pathogens, ... | 2007 | 18038794 |
| epidemiology of intestinal helminth parasites of dogs in ibadan, nigeria. | an epidemiological study of gastrointestinal helminths of dogs (canis familiaris) in two veterinary clinics in ibadan, nigeria, was conducted between january 2001 and december 2002. faecal samples collected from 959 dogs were processed by modified kato-katz technique and then examined for helminth eggs. the results of the study showed that 237 (24.7%) of the dogs examined were infected with different types of helminths. the prevalences for the various helminth eggs observed were: toxocara canis ... | 2008 | 18053301 |
| experimental infection of the cockroach periplaneta americana with toxocara canis and the establishment of patent infections in pups. | the possible role of the cockroach periplaneta americana in the transmission of toxocara canis eggs and larvae via faeces and tissue migration was studied. cockroaches fed with 3 x 105 and 5 x 105 embryonated eggs were found to harbour viable eggs and larvae from days 1 to 5 post-infection (dpi). at necropsy on 5 dpi, eggs and larvae were also recovered from the rectal contents but not from the tissues of cockroaches. in addition patent infections were established in pups fed on infected faeces ... | 2008 | 18053303 |
| identification of stage-specific proteins of angiostrongylus vasorum (baillet, 1866) kamensky. | sera of ten dogs infected with angiostrongylus vasorum were analyzed by immunoblotting proteins of first stage larvae (l1) and adult parasites. the molecular weights (m.w.) of the principal l1 proteins identified by igg, igm, iga, and ige were 18-118 kda and those of the adult parasite were 28-209 kda. the l1 proteins had not been recognized by igg, igm, and iga antibodies in sera of dogs naturally infected with toxocara canis, ancylostoma caninum, and dipylidium caninum, although only weakly by ... | 2008 | 18060430 |
| diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis by establishing intraocular antibody production. | to investigate the role of toxocara canis in posterior uveitis of undetermined origin. | 2008 | 18061138 |
| prevalence of zoonotic nematode species in dogs in lancashire. | | 2007 | 18065815 |
| [a comparison of soil contamination with toxocara canis and toxocara cati eggs in rural and urban areas of wielkopolska district in 2000-2005]. | the aim of the studies was to compare the degree of soil contamination with toxocara canis and t. cati eggs in rural and urban areas depending on time of sampling and type of places examined. material and methods. over 2000-2005 a total of 538 soil samples from 3 villages and 368 from poznań city (poland) areas were examined for toxocara spp. eggs. in spring 418 samples in rural areas and 184 samples in urban areas were collected and in autumn 120 and 184 respectively. the samples were examined ... | 2007 | 18075154 |
| pcdna-il-12 vaccination blocks eosinophilic inflammation but not airway hyperresponsiveness following murine toxocara canis infection. | we have investigated the effect of pcdna3-cpg and pcdna-il-12, delivered by intradermal gene gun administration, on the blood/lung eosinophilia, airway hyperresponsiveness as well as the immune response in a murine model of toxocariasis. our results demonstrated that pcdna-il-12 but not pcdna3-cpg vaccination led to a persistent lower blood/bronchoalveolar eosinophilia following toxocara canis infection, as pcdna3-cpg led only to an early transient blockage of eosinophil transmigration into bron ... | 2008 | 18083279 |
| ocular toxocariasis in a child: a case report from kashmir, north india. | toxocariasis is an important zoonotic disease caused by the second stage larva of toxocara canis or toxocara cati . the typical clinical syndromes of toxocariasis in humans are visceral and ocular toxocariasis. ocular toxocariasis may presents as peripheral inflammatory mass, posterior pole granuloma and endophthalmitis. we report a serologically confirmed case of ocular toxocariasis in 12-year-old female. the diagnosis was confirmed by detection of anti- toxocara antibodies in aqueous and vitre ... | 2007 | 18087098 |
| experimental toxocariosis in balb/c mice: effect of the inoculation dose on brain and eye involvement. | ocular toxocarosis (ot) is a well-established disease. however, our understanding of the migratory route, time and circumstances that produce ocular invasion are not clear. to improve our knowledge of factors related to ocular invasion, balb/c mice were inoculated with simple doses (sd) of 6, 12, 50, 100, 200 and 1000 embryonated eggs (ee) and multiple doses (md) of 200 and 1000 ee. brains and eyes were studied for the presence of larvae in animals sacrificed on days 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, ... | 2008 | 18093569 |
| preliminary evidence of nitazoxanide activity on toxocara canis in a mouse model. | | 2008 | 18093807 |
| prenatal infection of dogs with ascardis, toxocara canis and hookworms, ancylostama caninum. | | 1949 | 18133313 |
| frequency of toxocara infection in children attended by the health public service of maringá, south brazil. | the lack of specific laboratorial diagnosis methods and precise symptoms makes the toxocariasis a neglected disease in public health services. this study aims to determine the frequency of toxocara spp. infection in children attended by the health public service of hospital municipal de maringá, south brazil. to evaluate the association of epidemiological and clinical data, an observational and cross-section study was carried out. from 14,690 attended children/year aged from seven month to 12 ye ... | 2007 | 18157398 |
| infection with the roundworm toxocara canis leads to exacerbation of experimental allergic airway inflammation. | epidemiological studies performed in developing as well as in western countries suggest that infection with toxocara canis contributes to the development of atopic diseases. | 2008 | 18167123 |
| nematode endophthalmitis due to toxocara. | | 1962 | 18170822 |
| enhanced expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 in inflammatory cells, alpha-smooth muscle actin in stellate cells, and collagen accumulation in experimental granulomatous hepatitis caused by toxocara canis in mice. | although toxocaral granulomatous hepatitis (tgh) characterized with a dominant-th2 type immune response is a self-limiting disease, little is known concerning the role of fibrosis-related cytokine transforming growth factor-beta 1 (tgf-beta 1) in pathogenesis of tgh. a detailed histological and quantitatively immunohistochemical analysis of tgf-beta 1, alpha-smooth muscle actins (alpha-sma), and collagen was performed on the liver tissues from mice infected with toxocara canis as assessed betwee ... | 2008 | 18178169 |
| determination of the relative avidity of the specific igg antibodies in human toxocariasis. | human toxocariasis is a zoonosis caused by infection with larvae of the ascarid nematode toxocara canis and, less frequently, t. cati. our study developed a method for distinguishing distant from recent human toxocariasis by assessing the avidity of the igg antibodies. the avidity of specific antibodies increases with time after antigen challenge and assessment of the degree of avidity can be used to discriminate between recent and distant infections. the relative avidity was measured in 150 ser ... | 2008 | 18179629 |
| [frequency of the antibody anti-toxocara canis in a community along the uatumã river, state of amazonas]. | a cross-sectional study was carried out in the waimiri and atroari settlements in balbina, between july and october 2006, with the aims of estimating the frequency of the antibody anti-toxocara canis of the igg class and studying the epidemiological and sociocultural variables. thirty-four families were studied and 100 individuals were included, corresponding to 5% (100/2000) of the population of the settlements. the age range was 0-76 years (mean = 22.9; standard deviation = 18). the gender dis ... | 2007 | 18200421 |
| patent toxocara canis infections in previously exposed and in helminth-free dogs after infection with low numbers of embryonated eggs. | the outcome of toxocara canis infections in the canine host depends on the migratory pathway of parasite larvae (somatic or tracheal) which is considered to be related to the host's age and its immune status. however, field studies attest high prevalences of patent t. canis infections in adult animals. the controlled induction of patent infections with low doses of embryonated eggs was investigated in 18 beagles in a 7-month study until their 16th life month. the animals were assigned to three g ... | 2008 | 18201825 |
| the investigation of toxocara canis eggs in coats of different dog breeds as a potential transmission route in human toxocariasis. | this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of toxocara canis eggs on the coats of dogs (a potential etiological factor for human toxocariasis) and to see if there were mainly a dog breed and coat type effects for the presence of eggs on the coat. hair samples were collected from the different breeds of 51 domestic pet dogs and examined for the presence of t. canis eggs. a total of 62 t. canis eggs (all viable) were found in 21.56% of the dogs. forty-nine (79.03%) of the eggs recovered ... | 2008 | 18207641 |
| seroepidemiological survey for toxocara canis infection in the northwestern part of turkey. | in this study, an elisa with toxocara canis antigen was used for the determination of sero-epidemiological survey of toxocara canis infection in urban and rural areas of northwestern part of turkey. toxocara seroprevalance was detected among randomly selected 430 children in the rural areas and 141 children in the urban areas. total seroprevalence rate of toxocara antibodies was found as 12.95% in both groups. while significant levels of anti-toxocara antibodies were detected in 73 out of 430 (1 ... | 2007 | 18224618 |
| toxocara canis infection: an important and neglected environmental risk factor for asthma? | | 2008 | 18241245 |
| contamination of dog hair with eggs of toxocara canis. | toxocara canis, the common intestinal nematode of dogs and foxes, is the parasite responsible for human toxocarosis. it has recently been shown that dogs may harbour eggs of the parasite in their fur. to further investigate this claim a population of 100 stray dogs was examined to establish the prevalence and intensity of adult toxocaral worm infection in the intestines and eggs harboured in the hair. a novel method of washing the eggs from the hair was used. sixty-seven percent of dogs were fou ... | 2008 | 18242861 |
| helminth infections in faecal samples of wolves canis lupus l. from the western beskidy mountains in southern poland. | eighty-nine samples of grey wolf (canis lupus l.) faeces were collected between 2002 and 2004 from two areas in the western beskidy mts (south poland). helminth eggs were observed in 56.2% of faeces examined. these included: alaria alata (2.2%), taeniid eggs (11.2%), toxocara canis (5.6%), toxascaris leonina (1.1%), eucoleus aerophilus (14.6%), ancylostoma caninum (12.3%), uncinaria stenocephala (37%) and unidentified roundworm eggs of the family strongyloididae (1.1%). eucoleus aerophilus is re ... | 2007 | 18251025 |
| cytokine expression in the brains of toxocara canis-infected mice. | toxocara canis can infect a number of hosts including mice and humans. in the murine host, larvae exhibit a predilection for the central nervous system, resulting in an increasing number of parasites migrating to the brain as infection progresses. previous studies have shown that larval burdens vary between individual outbred mice receiving the same inocula, suggesting a role for immunity in the establishment of cerebral infection. although the systemic immune response to t. canis has been widel ... | 2008 | 18251973 |
| seroprevalence of toxocariasis in children aged 1-9 years in western islamic republic of iran, 2003. | we determined the seroprevalence of toxocara canis infection in 544 children under 10 years randomly selected from urban and rural areas of hamadan. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for detection of antibodies to t. canis excretion-secretion antigens. using a questionnaire, epidemiological factors associated with infection were examined, including age, sex, residence. antibodies to t. canis were detected in 29 children (5.3%) and 19 children (3.5%) were categorized as borderline pos ... | 2007 | 18290400 |
| rtes-30usm: cloning via assembly pcr, expression, and evaluation of usefulness in the detection of toxocariasis. | currently, the laboratory diagnosis of toxocariasis, caused by toxocara canis or t. cati, mainly relies on serological tests. unfortunately, however, the specificities of most of the commercial tests that are available for the serodiagnosis of this disease are not very high and this may cause problems, especially in tropical countries where co-infections with other helminths are common. in an effort to develop a serological assay with improved specificity for the detection of toxocara infection, ... | 2008 | 18318937 |
| [visceral and cutaneous larva migrans]. | the syndrome of visceral larva migrans was described for the first time in 1952 by beaver. he demonstrated that the presence of nematodes larvae, particularly in the liver, were those of toxocara canis and t. cati. baylisascaris procyonis, the common racoon ascarid in the u.s.a. can also cause serious diseases in human. digestive and respiratory clinical symptoms are usually moderate, however severe disease resulting from invasion of the myocardium or the brain has been reported. a blood hypereo ... | 2007 | 18326429 |
| application of toxocara canis excretory-secretory antigens and igg subclass antibodies (igg1-4) in serodiagnostic assays of human toxocariasis. | a major problem in the serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis in tropical countries is cross-reaction with antibodies to other helminthic diseases and a lack of sensitivity. the majority of tests currently available use total igg and, in this study, the use of peroxidase-conjugated anti-human igg subclass antibodies (igg1-4) was compared with total igg for the diagnosis of human toxocariasis by using toxocara excretory-secretory (tes) antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) format. ... | 2008 | 18343348 |
| seroprevalence of toxocariasis among healthy people with eosinophilia. | the aim of this study is to determine the toxocara seropositive rate among healthy people with eosinophilia. a total of 97 people residing in seoul who were healthy and whose blood eosinophilia was over 10%, as shown by regular health check-ups in 2004, were subjected to this study. their sera were tested by immunoblotting and elisa with the antigen of larval toxocara canis excretory-secretory (es) protein. sixty-five sera were band-positive (67.0%). the seropositve control sera were positive to ... | 2008 | 18344674 |
| congenital asplenia and severe visceral toxocariasis. | | 2008 | 18382383 |
| prevalence of echinococcosis in street dogs in tripole district, libya. | cystic echinococcosis due to e. granulosus is a serious public health and livestock economy problem in libya. kato thick smear examination of 50 street dogs stools showed that they had echinococcus granulosus (58%), taenia spp. (14%), diplydium caninum (16%), toxocara canis (121%) and 20% were parasite-free. the stool examination using kato thick smear was more sensitive and more specific that the indirect haemaggutination test. the results were discussed with general review of the disease in li ... | 2007 | 18383781 |
| prevalence of anti-t. canis antibodies in stray dogs in mexico city. | toxocara canis is a common intestinal helminth found in dogs. in humans, it is a cause of visceral larva migrans (vlm), a zoonosis rarely studied in mexico. the aim of this study is to examine, by means of the indirect haemaglutination test (ihat), the prevalence of antibodies of t. canis in the serum of stray dogs in mexico city. | 2008 | 18387747 |
| seasonal fluctuations in prevalence of dog intestinal parasites in public squares of mar del plata city, argentina and its risk for humans. | the aim of this work is to analyze whether there is a seasonal prevalence of parasites in dog feces from public squares in mar del plata city, argentina, and to evaluate the climatic conditions that promote the development of parasites and allow the transmission to people. the study was performed in 21 squares from june 2001 to may 2002. samples were processed by the willis technique. differences in prevalence of parasites were examined for significance by the chi-square test. climatic data were ... | 2007 | 18390156 |
| detection of endoparasites with zoonotic potential in dogs with gastrointestinal disease in the uk. | we report a substantial prevalence study in symptomatic pet dogs of important zoonotic parasitic enteric infections. a total of 4526 dogs which had a faecal sample submitted to a diagnostic laboratory in the uk between 2003 and 2005 were included in the study. the most common parasite was giardia spp., which was found in 380/4526 dogs (8.4%, 95% ci 7.6-9.2%). surprisingly, cryptosporidium spp. infection was detected in only 29/4526 (0.6%, 95% ci 0.4-0.9%). toxocara canis was found in 63/4526 dog ... | 2008 | 18397497 |
| [differential diagnosis of retinoblastoma: a retrospective study of 486 cases]. | detail the most frequent problems encountered in the differential diagnosis of retinoblastoma. | 2008 | 18401317 |
| follow-up of antibody avidity in balb/c mice infected with toxocara canis. | in human toxocara canis infection, an association has been shown between high igg avidity in the chronic phase and low igg avidity in recently acquired toxocarosis. the evolution of the antibody response in terms of avidity has been carried out through a t. canis infection in balb/c mice. infection with t. canis embryonated eggs (ee) was carried out with single doses (sd) of 6, 12, 50, 100, 200 or 1000 ee/mouse and with multiple doses (md) of 200 and 1000 ee. specific antibodies against t. canis ... | 2008 | 18413003 |
| larval migration of toxocara canis in piglets and transfer of larvae from infected porcine tissue to mice. | visceral larva migrans (vlm), caused by toxocara canis larvae in humans, animals and birds, is now well documented throughout the world. seven piglets were infected orally with 5 x 104 embryonated eggs and the migration and distribution of t. canis larvae in the tissues were evaluated. after artificial gastric juice digestion, larval yields at necropsy from different organs and muscles on days 1, 3, 7, 15 and 30 post-infection (dpi) revealed 3.05, 0.97, 0.21, 0.13, 0.05, 0.14% recovery from live ... | 2008 | 18416883 |
| an improved method to obtain antigen-excreting toxocara canis larvae. | toxocara canis is a dog helminth which causes visceral larva migrans (vlm) when infecting humans as a larva. the infection is demonstrated by detecting igg antibodies against excretory-secretory larval antigens (esla) in serum by elisa. the production of esla involves the collection of adult worms from dog puppy stools, the separation of eggs from dissected uteri, and the in vitro growing of egg-derived larvae, following the time-consuming and laborious protocol described by de savigny [de savig ... | 2008 | 18439580 |
| toxocara seroprevalence in schizophrenic patients in turkey. | to investigate the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in patients diagnosed as schizophrenia. | 2008 | 18452258 |
| il-5 drives eosinophils from bone marrow to blood and tissues in a guinea-pig model of visceral larva migrans syndrome. | this study was undertaken to evaluate the role of il-5 in eosinophil migration and in the maintenance of eosinophilia in a guinea-pig model of visceral larva migrans syndrome. the results show that the infection of animals with toxocara canis induced an early increase in serum il-5 levels that might be essential for eosinophil differentiation and proliferation and for the development of eosinophilia. when infected guinea-pigs were treated with mab anti-il-5 (trfk-5) given at the same time or 1 o ... | 1996 | 18475693 |
| selenium supplementation enhances the protective response to toxocara canis larvae in mice. | the effect of oral and intraperitoneal supply of sodium selenite on the immune response to, and the course of t. canis larvae infection in mice were determined. the number of worms in the host tissue was reduced but the migratory route of larvae was not affected. selenite (se) supplementation influences se retention in the liver, enhanced il-5 and eosinophil responses and evoked il-6 production in mice infected with t. canis. the enhanced protection in mice given se intraperitoneally was associa ... | 2008 | 18482223 |
| the complete mitochondrial genomes for three toxocara species of human and animal health significance. | studying mitochondrial (mt) genomics has important implications for various fundamental areas, including mt biochemistry, physiology and molecular biology. in addition, mt genome sequences have provided useful markers for investigating population genetic structures, systematics and phylogenetics of organisms. toxocara canis, toxocara cati and toxocara malaysiensis cause significant health problems in animals and humans. although they are of importance in human and animal health, no information o ... | 2008 | 18482460 |
| toxocara canis larval excretory/secretory proteins impair eosinophil-dependent resistance of mice to nippostrongylus brasiliensis. | survival of parasitic helminths within a host requires immune evasion and excretory/secretory (es) proteins may contribute to this process. eosinophils are important effector cells in immunity of mice to the nematode nippostrongylus brasiliensis and eosinophilic interleukin-5 transgenic (il-5 tg) mice are highly resistant to the earliest stages of primary infections. in contrast, toxocara canis is largely resistant to eosinophils, with viable larvae encysted in tissues often surrounded by these ... | 2008 | 18507784 |
| sero-epidemiology of toxocariasis in a rural settlement in são paulo state, brazil. | the seroprevalence of toxocara canis and risk factors for infection with this parasite were explored in a rural settlement in são paulo state, brazil. total iga and ige levels in 79 subjects were determined by turbidimetry and chemiluminescence, respectively. total counts of leucocytes and erythrocytes and differential counts of leucocytes were made by flow cytometry. elisa for the detection of anti-toxocara igg, iga and ige were standardized using toxocara excretory-secretory antigens (tes) obt ... | 2008 | 18510815 |
| [case of toxocariasis showing migratory nodular shadows with halos]. | a 30-year-old man, who had kept a dog for nine years and often ate raw beef liver, visited a hospital because of a chest nodular shadow in the left lung field found on a checkup examination. chest computed tomography obtained 8 days after the checkup showed no abnormal shadow in the left lung but two nodular shadows with halos in the right upper and lower lobes. peripheral blood eosinophil counts and serum ige values were elevated. immunological examination including microplate elisa showed a hi ... | 2008 | 18517021 |
| electrophoretic analysis of sequence variability in three mitochondrial dna regions for ascaridoid parasites of human and animal health significance. | sequence variability in three mitochondrial dna (mtdna) regions, namely cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), nadh dehydrogenase subunits 1 and 4 (nad1 and nad4), among and within toxocara canis, t. cati, t. malaysiensis, t. vitulorum and toxascaris leonina from different geographical origins was examined by a mutation-scanning approach. a portion of the cox1 gene (pcox1), a portion of the nad1 and nad4 genes (pnad1 and pnad4) were amplified separately from individual ascaridoid nematodes by po ... | 2008 | 18546167 |
| initial stage of development and migratory behavior of toxocara canis larvae in balb/c mouse experimental model. | in the present study, the initial developmental stage of toxocara canis eggs and larvae, and number of recovered larvae from balb/c mouse-infected organs are described. in vitro culture of t. canis detects the frequencies of interphasic, mitotic and embryonated eggs only within a 7-day period. analysis by egg counting was carried out for 32 days. the results showed that at 7 days after cultivation, the frequency of larvae was 50.4% and that this frequency reached 52.8% in 32 days. in the experim ... | 2008 | 18551411 |
| human toxocariasis: a report of nine cases. | human toxocariasis is caused by infection with the larval stage of nematode parasites of dogs and cats, toxocara canis or toxocara cati. these helminths are not able to complete their life cycle in undefinitive hosts and so undergo aberrant migrations in the tissues causing a wide spectrum of signs and symptoms. eosinophilia is often severe and sometimes represents the only sign of infection, except in ocular and neurological forms. | 2008 | 18554274 |
| detection of helminth infections in dogs and soil contamination in rural and urban areas. | a study was conducted to determine the helminthes in dog's feces and soil samples from urban and rural areas. six species of nematodes (toxocara sp, an undetermined nematode larvae, strongyloides sp larvae, ascaris sp ova, hookworm ova, trichuris sp ova) and one species of cestode (taenia sp) were found in 175 stool samples. seventy-eight point nine percent of stool samples were positive for helminthes. mixed infection with at least one parasite was found in 32.6% of the samples. the prevalence ... | 2008 | 18564703 |
| brain injury-associated biomarkers of tgf-beta1, s100b, gfap, nf-l, ttg, abetapp, and tau were concomitantly enhanced and the ups was impaired during acute brain injury caused by toxocara canis in mice. | because the outcomes and sequelae after different types of brain injury (bi) are variable and difficult to predict, investigations on whether enhanced expressions of bi-associated biomarkers (biabs), including transforming growth factor beta1 (tgf-beta1), s100b, glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap), neurofilament light chain (nf-l), tissue transglutaminases (ttgs), beta-amyloid precursor proteins (abetapp), and tau are present as well as whether impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (u ... | 2008 | 18573219 |
| development of a highly sensitive igg-elisa based on recombinant arginine kinase of toxocara canis for serodiagnosis of visceral larva migrans in the murine model. | toxocariasis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by the ascarid nematode toxocara canis. the most common method available for serodiagnosis of toxocariasis is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test using toxocara excretory-secretory antigen (tes). the present study describes the development of igg-elisa based on antiserum prepared against the recombinant arginine kinase of toxocara canis. antiserum was prepared against the purified recombinant arginine kinase (ak) using 6-week-old ... | 2008 | 18575890 |
| an improved method for recovery of muscle-stage larvae from mice infected with toxocara canis. | we report a modified digestion method that improves the recovery of toxocara canis larvae from skeletal muscle. minced muscle tissue from infected mice was incubated in artificial gastric juice for 48 hr at 37 c, and ethanol was added for the second 24 hr. this procedure allowed the larvae to be identified and counted more quickly than with the standard digestion method. this method allows measurement of the total number of larvae present in muscle tissue following oral intubation of embryonated ... | 2008 | 18576836 |
| contamination of fox hair with eggs of toxocara canis. | eighty-seven red foxes were investigated for the presence of toxocara eggs on a sample of their hair from the peri-anal region. the worm burden of toxocara in each fox intestine was also assessed and the relationship between eggs on the hair and worms in the intestine explored. twenty-eight per cent of the foxes were found to have toxocara eggs on their hair, with an average of 1.31 +/- 3.21 eggs per gram of hair (+/- sd). sixty-one per cent of foxes harboured toxocara worms within their intesti ... | 2008 | 18577302 |
| human toxocariasis in rural brazilian amazonia: seroprevalence, risk factors, and spatial distribution. | this population-based cross-sectional study of 403 rural settlers in brazilian amazonia revealed an overall rate of igg seropositivity to toxocara canis excretory-secretory larval antigen of 26.8% (95% confidence interval [ci], 22.5-31.4%). multilevel logistic regression analysis identified current infection with hookworm (odds ratio [or], 2.32; 95% ci, 1.11-4.86) and residence in the most recently occupied sectors of the settlement (or, 1.81; 95%ci, 1.3-2.52) as significant risk factors for tox ... | 2008 | 18606770 |
| blood-brain barrier impairment with enhanced sp, nk-1r, gfap and claudin-5 expressions in experimental cerebral toxocariasis. | infection by toxocara canis in humans may cause cerebral toxocariasis (ct). appreciable numbers of t. canis larvae cross the blood-brain barrier (bbb) to invade the brain thus causing ct. in the present studies, we evaluated the bbb permeability and bbb injury as assessed by the cerebral evans blue (eb) concentration as well as by pathological changes and glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) expression in t. canis -infected mice monitored from 3 days (dpi) to 8 weeks post-infection (wpi). the ... | 2008 | 18627507 |
| prolactin evokes lactational transmission of larvae in mice infected with toxocara canis. | we investigated the trans-lactational maternal-neonatal transmission of toxocara canis larvae in mice, with particular interest in the role of prolactin in their migration to the mammary gland. two female mice were infected with 300 t. canis eggs soon after delivery of 27 offspring. after 1 week of breast-feeding, seven larvae were recovered from 4 of 13 offspring. after 2 weeks of lactation, 101 larvae were recovered from all the remaining offspring. daily prolactin administration (5 microg) wa ... | 2008 | 18664391 |
| possible intrafamilial transmission of toxocara causing eosinophilic meningitis in an infant. | human toxocariasis can result from the inadvertent ingestion of embryonated eggs of toxocara canis or toxocara cati from environmental sources such as dirt, sand, or foods carrying contaminated soil. we report a case in an infant resulting in eosinophilic meningitis and prolonged fever. the case illustrates probable intrafamilial transmission, a mode of transmission that has not been previously documented. | 2008 | 18664926 |
| encroachment of echinococcus granulosus into urban areas in eastern queensland, australia. | to investigate the prevalence of echinococcus granulosus in wild dogs (dingos and dingo-domestic dog hybrids) living in and around human habitation on fraser island and in townships of the maroochy shire, on queensland's sunshine coast, australia. | 2008 | 18673469 |
| the mitochondrial genome of toxocara canis. | toxocara canis (ascaridida: nematoda), which parasitizes (at the adult stage) the small intestine of canids, can be transmitted to a range of other mammals, including humans, and can cause the disease toxocariasis. despite its significance as a pathogen, the genetics, epidemiology and biology of this parasite remain poorly understood. in addition, the zoonotic potential of related species of toxocara, such as t. cati and t. malaysiensis, is not well known. mitochondrial dna is known to provide g ... | 2008 | 18682828 |
| serodiagnosis of toxocara antibodies among infants and pregnant women suspected of ocular or visceral toxocariasis using two types elisa antigens. | the diagnosis of toxocariasis heavily depends on immunological tests because the number of parasites is usually few in infected tissues, unless they migrate into an organ such as eye. in general, patients with ocular toxocariasis have serum anti-t canis antibody titres that are significantly lower than those with visceral toxocariasis. | 2006 | 18685178 |
| cognitive dysfunction, urinary retention, and a lesion in the thalamus--beware of possible toxocariasis of the central nervous system. | toxocariasis of the central nervous system is usually characterized by an eosinophilic meningitis, encephalitis or myelitis. we here report a patient with an at least 7 years history of unexplained neurologic signs and symptoms. mri showed a cystic lesion in the left thalamus, compatible with a parasitic infection. blood and csf analyses were positive for toxocara canis igg western-blot, but were otherwise unremarkable. the case report raises the question whether there are chronic or late varian ... | 2008 | 18687519 |
| four abundant novel transcript genes from toxocara canis with unrelated coding sequences share untranslated region tracts implicated in the control of gene expression. | the toxocara canis "abundant novel transcripts" (ant) are four highly expressed products, constituting >18% of ests from the infective stage of this widely prevalent nematode parasite. using 5' race, we determined full-length sequences for each ant gene, between 1.8 and 2.8kb. the four genes (termed ant-3, -5, -30 and -34), share no coding sequence similarity, although their 3'utrs (untranslated regions) are homologous. predicted ant-5 and ant-30 proteins show distant similarity to rna regulator ... | 2008 | 18703093 |
| toxocariasis associated with chronic cough in childhood: a longitudinal study in hungary. | chronic cough lasting 8 weeks or more often seems to be an intractable problem in childhood. toxocara infection is associated with an increased prevalence of airway symptoms and may be the possible aetiological agent of chronic cough. of 425 children aged 2-17 years with chronic cough who were investigated for toxocariasis and the distribution of bronchial asthma (ba), cough variant asthma (cva) and non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (naeb), 136 (32%) were seropositive for toxocara canis anti ... | 2008 | 18752712 |
| a familial case of visceral toxocariasis due to consumption of raw bovine liver. | we present 3 adult cases of visceral toxocariasis from the same family, who each consumed thin slices of raw bovine liver weekly, and developed eosinophilia and multiple small lesions in their livers and lungs. serological examinations using the larval excretory-secretory product of toxocara canis strongly indicated infection with toxocara species larvae. the patients responded well to treatment with albendazole. ingestion of raw liver from paratenic animals is considered to be a common transmis ... | 2008 | 18771749 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies against the 8 kda subunit of echinococcus granulosus antigen b (egagb8/2) using dna immunization. | cystic echinococcosis (ce), an endemic cosmopolitan zoonotic helminthic disease caused by the larval stage of echinococcus granulosus, lacks reliable diagnostic tools that fulfill the criteria of high sensitivity and specificity. antigen b (agb), a thermostable lipoprotein that constitutes a considerable fraction of the cystic hydatid fluid (hf), is being considered as a suitable source for vaccination and immunodiagnosis of ce due to its high specificity. genetic immunization was used to immuni ... | 2008 | 18803505 |
| [toxocariasis in children--difficult clinical problem]. | toxocariasis in humans is a zoonosis due to the migration of toxocara canis or t. cati larvae in human body. this review provides basic information on pathology of infection and clinical signs and symptoms of toxocariasis in children. the cases diagnosed in the recent years in central poland are presented. the disease was recognised accidentally based on the results of laboratory analysis performed for other reasons, when abnormalities suggesting an active helminthiasis were found (eosinophilia, ... | 2008 | 18807488 |
| prevalence of dog intestinal parasites and risk perception of zoonotic infection by dog owners in são paulo state, brazil. | coprological examination was used to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in stray and domiciled dogs from botucatu, são paulo state, brazil. risk factors for dog infection were assessed in relation to demographic, husbandry and management data. the dog owners completed a questionnaire survey on some aspects of dog parasitism such as parasite species, mechanisms of infection, awareness of zoonotic diseases and history of anthelmintic usage. parasites were found in the faeces of ... | 2008 | 18811905 |
| current trends in tissue-affecting helminths. | some helminths have by their evolution learnt to systemically invade a host organism, and to select specific organs or host cell types as predilection site to reside, maturate or even proliferate. these parasites needed to develop complex and unique strategies to escape host immune reactions. the present work sheds some light into the strategy developed by three different helminths (echinococcus multilocularis, trichinella spiralis and toxocara conis) to survive in the host organ or host cell, r ... | 2008 | 18814697 |
| high prevalence of intestinal zoonotic parasites in dogs from belgrade, serbia--short communication. | to identify areas of risk for canine-related zoonoses in serbia, the aim of this study was to provide baseline knowledge about intestinal parasites in 151 dogs (65 household pets, 75 stray and 11 military working dogs) from belgrade. the following parasites, with their respective prevalences, were detected: giardia duodenalis (14.6%), ancylostomatidae (24.5%), toxocara canis (30.5%), trichuris vulpis (47.0%) and taenia-type helminths (6.6%). of all examined dogs, 75.5% (114/151) were found to ha ... | 2008 | 18828485 |
| the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs in ile-ife, nigeria. | a study of gastrointestinal parasites in 269 faecal samples from dogs (canis familiaris) collected from ile-ife, nigeria between january and december 2004, revealed seven helminth species: toxocara canis 33.8%, ancylostoma sp. 34.6%, toxascaris leonina 3.3%, trichuris vulpis 3.7%, dipylidium caninum 4.1%, uncinaria stenocephala 0.7% and taenia sp. 1.1%. the faecal egg intensities, determined as mean eggs per gram of faeces ( +/- sem) were: t. canis 393.8 +/- 83.4, ancylostoma sp. 101.5 +/- 32.8, ... | 2009 | 18838021 |
| cystic hydatidosis: a zoonotic silent health problem. | examination of five hundred pet dogs revealed echinococcus granulosus in nine dogs, dipylidium caninum in twenty dogs, and toxocara canis in thirty dogs. the risky role played by pet dogs in the transmission and spreading of zoonotic cystic hydatidosis was discussed. | 2008 | 18853634 |
| [analysis of children with a presumptive diagnosis of toxocariasis in santa fe, argentina]. | human toxocariasis is a parasitic disease found worldwide. the most important etiological agent is toxocara canis, a dog parasite. humans are infected by the ingestion of their eggs; the eggs hatch in the small intestine and the larvae migrate through the capillaries, taking up residence in different tissues. clinical manifestations are associated with mechanical and/or reaction damage caused by these parasites larvae. clinical diagnosis is difficult. the method applied in this work is the demon ... | 2008 | 18977703 |
| urban contamination with zoonotic parasites in the central region of argentina. | adult worms develop in dogs and their eggs are shed in the feces. non-embryonated eggs of toxocara canis become infectious after about 2-6 weeks in the soil and the likelihood of their transmission to humans is through ingestion. in 2004 studies were carried out in the areas of urban recreation in the central region of argentina. a total of 393 dog excrement samples were collected in eight different cities: 59.3 per cent were positive for parasites. these areas of urban recreation are contaminat ... | 2008 | 18977705 |