| cytogenetics of manihot esculenta crantz (cassava) and eight related species. | thirty-nine cultivars of cassava and eight related wild species of manihot were analyzed in this work for number, morphology and size of chromosomes, prophase condensation pattern and the structure of the interphase nucleus. in four accessions, the chromosome size was measured and in some others, the number of secondary constrictions, meiotic behavior, c-band pattern, cma/dapi bands, nucleoli number and the location of 5s and 18s-5.8s-28s rdna sites were also observed. all investigated accession ... | 2002 | 12369103 |
| culture conditions for yellow pigment formation bymonascus sp. kb 10 grown on cassava medium. | an isolate ofmonascus, from a commercial, fermented soybean curd (sufu) was grown on a cassava medium. with medium at an initial ph of 7.0 an orange-red pigmentation was produced but with an initial ph below 4, a light golden pigment was obtained. a medium containing, w/v, 3% cassava starch, 0.4% peptone and 0.1% glutamic acid, with an initial ph of 2.5 was optimal for the production of this yellow pigment, which had a single maximum absorption spectrum at 330 nm. the spectroscopic characterizat ... | 1993 | 24419847 |
| the protective effect of two commercial formats of ginkgo biloba on motor alterations induced by cassava juice (manihot esculenta crantz) in wistar rats. | this study evaluated the protective effects of 2 commercial formats of ginkgo biloba on motor alterations induced by cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) juice consumption in male wistar rats. | 2016 | 27130308 |
| a standardized extract of ginkgo biloba prevents locomotion impairment induced by cassava juice in wistar rats. | the long-term consumption of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) juice produce neurotoxic effects in the rat, characterized by an increased motor activity in the open field test and presence of uncoordinated swim (i.e., lateral swimming), in the swim test; which has been associated with damage in the hippocampus (ca1). on the other hand, flavonoids content in the ginkgo biloba extract has been reported to produces neuroprotective effects at experimental level; therefore we hypothesized that g. bi ... | 2014 | 25309441 |
| feeding potential of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) peels ensiled with leucaena leucocephala and gliricidia sepium assessed with west african dwarf goats. | cassava peels (cape) were ensiled in mixtures with gliricidia sepium and leucaena leucocephala, and the utilization of the mixed silages by west african dwarf (wad) goats was assessed. five silages were composed, comprising of 100% ensiled cape (control), cape + g. sepium 2:1 (w/w; 2cgs), cape + g. sepium 1:1 (w/w; cgs), cape + l. leucocephala 2:1 (w/w; 2cll) and cape + l. leucocephala 1:1 (w/w; cll). all diets were supplemented with molasses (40 g/kg) before ensiling which lasted 3 months. fift ... | 2013 | 23397521 |
| influence of agricultural activities, forest fires and agro-industries on air quality in thailand. | annual and monthly-based emission inventories in northern, central and north-eastern provinces in thailand, where agriculture and related agro-industries are very intensive, were estimated to evaluate the contribution of agricultural activity, including crop residue burning, forest fires and related agro-industries on air quality monitored in corresponding provinces. the monthly-based emission inventories of air pollutants, or, particulate matter (pm), nox and so2, for various agricultural crops ... | 2017 | 28254062 |
| molecular cloning and expression of a novel myb transcription factor gene in rubber tree. | myb family proteins regulate a variety of cellular processes in plants. tapping panel dryness (tpd) in rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis muell. arg.) affects latex biosynthesis and causes serious losses to rubber producers. in this study, a novel sant/myb transcription factor gene down-regulated in tpd rubber tree, named as hbsm1, was isolated from rubber tree. the complete hbsm1 open reading frame (orf) was 948 bp in length. the deduced hbsm1 protein is 315 amino acids. hbsm1 belonged to 1rmyb su ... | 2014 | 25195053 |
| acidification and starch behaviour during co-fermentation of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) and soybean (glycine max merr) into gari, an african fermented food. | changes in acidification and starch behaviour were investigated during co-fermentation of cassava and soybean into gari, an african fermented product. non-volatile acidity, ph and starch content were evaluated using standard analytical methods. starch breakdown and pasting characteristics were also analysed using a brabender viscoamylograph. fermentation caused significant variations in the ph, non-volatile acidity and starch concentration. the ph decreased with concomitant increases in non-vola ... | 2010 | 20109125 |
| evaluation of elastic modulus and hardness of crop stalks cell walls by nano-indentation. | agricultural biomaterials such as crop stalks are natural sources of cellulosic fiber and have great potential as reinforced materials in bio-composites. in order to evaluate their potential as materials for reinforcement, the nano-mechanical properties of crop-stalk cell walls, i.e. those of cotton (gossypium herbaceu) stalk, soybean (glycine max) stalk, cassava (manihot esculent) stalk, rice (oryza sativa l.) straw, and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) straw, were investigated by means of nano-ind ... | 2010 | 19954968 |
| [how to increase food production?]. | pressure of population on cultivable land, serious soil erosion, and low productivity due to scarcity of inputs have hampered efforts to provide an adequate diet for the population of rwanda. until the present, production has increased about as rapidly as population, but rwanda is not totally self-sufficient in food, future climatic conditions may be less favorable than those of the past, technical and resource constraints are likely to increase, and little new land will be available for cultiva ... | 1984 | 12267714 |
| major novel qtl for resistance to cassava bacterial blight identified through a multi-environmental analysis. | cassava, manihot esculenta crantz, has been positioned as one of the most promising crops world-wide representing the staple security for more than one billion people mainly in poor countries. cassava production is constantly threatened by several diseases, including cassava bacterial blight (cbb) caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), it is the most destructive disease causing heavy yield losses. here, we report the detection and localization on the genetic map of cassava qtl (qu ... | 2017 | 28725234 |
| adaptability in stone tool use by wild capuchin monkeys (sapajus libidinosus). | capuchin monkeys are well known for population variation in the use of stone tools and the types of food items consumed. in order to determine adaptability in stone tool use, we investigated a never before studied population of wild capuchin monkey (sapajus libidinosus) displaying terrestrial habits in a caatinga environment. to carry out this study we recorded physical evidence of the use of stone tools as well as made direct observations through trap cameras. during a 15-month period, we studi ... | 2014 | 24753103 |
| a purely green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using carica papaya, manihot esculenta, and morinda citrifolia: synthesis and antibacterial evaluations. | green procedure for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (agnps) is currently considered due to its economy and toxic-free effects. several existing works on synthesizing agnps using leaves extract still involve the use of physical or mechanical treatment such as heating or stirring, which consume a lot of energy. to extend and explore the green extraction philosophy, we report here the synthesis and antibacterial evaluations of a purely green procedure to synthesize agnps using carica papaya, mani ... | 2017 | 28597212 |
| a time series transcriptome analysis of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) varieties challenged with ugandan cassava brown streak virus. | a time-course transcriptome analysis of two cassava varieties that are either resistant or susceptible to cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) was conducted using rnaseq, after graft inoculation with ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). from approximately 1.92 billion short reads, the largest number of differentially expressed genes (degs) was obtained in the resistant (namikonga) variety at 2 days after grafting (dag) (3887 degs) and 5 dag (4911 degs). at the same time points, several def ... | 2017 | 28852026 |
| variations of five eif4e genes across cassava accessions exhibiting tolerant and susceptible responses to cassava brown streak disease. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is an important tropical subsistence crop that is severely affected by cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) in east africa. the disease is caused by cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). both have a (+)-sense single-stranded rna genome with a 5' covalently-linked viral protein, which functionally resembles the cap structure of mrna, binds to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4e (eif4e) or its analogues, and then enable ... | 2017 | 28771520 |
| effect of temperature on geminivirus-induced rna silencing in plants. | short-interfering rnas (sirnas), the molecular markers of posttranscriptional gene silencing (ptgs), are powerful tools that interfere with gene expression and counter virus infection both in plants and animals. here, we report the effect of temperature on geminivirus-induced gene silencing by quantifying virus-derived sirnas and by evaluating their distribution along the virus genome for isolates of five species of cassava geminiviruses in cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz) and nicotiana benth ... | 2005 | 16040661 |
| infectivity of deinbollia mosaic virus, a novel weed-infecting begomovirus in east africa. | weed-infecting begomoviruses play an important role in the epidemiology of crop diseases because they can potentially infect crops and contribute to the genetic diversity of crop-infecting begomoviruses. despite the important epidemiological role that weed-infecting begomoviruses play, they remain insufficiently studied in africa. recently, we identified deinbollia mosaic virus (dmv), a distinct begomovirus found naturally infecting the weed host deinbollia borbonica (sapindaceae) in kenya and t ... | 2017 | 28791544 |
| effect of tamarindus indica l. and manihot esculenta extracts on antibiotic-resistant bacteria. | the chemical composition of plants used in traditional medicine exhibits biologically active compounds, such as tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids and becomes a promising approach to treat microbial infections, mainly with drug-resistant bacteria. | 2017 | 28539745 |
| serum levels of organochlorine pesticides in blood donors: a biomonitoring survey in the north of brazil, 2010-2011. | data on exposure to organochlorine (oc) pesticides in the brazilian population are lacking. the purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of serum levels of oc pesticides in brazilian blood donors and to determine factors potentially influencing exposure levels. to conduct this biomonitoring survey, blood samples were collected from blood donors attending the hematherapic unit in rio branco, north of brazil, in 2010-2011. a total of 1183 (99%) subjects answered to a questionnaire ... | 0 | 28456124 |
| the chemistry of diet: medicine, nutrition, and staple foods in imperial brazil. | brazilian cuisine is much admired by present-day international chefs. however, in the nineteenth century, local ingredients and recipes were looked down upon by the portuguese colonists, as well as by visiting european naturalists. this fact, together with medical and chemical views formulated throughout the 1800s, led locally trained doctors to attribute the occurrence of countless diseases that devastated rio de janeiro to local staple foods, particularly corn and manioc flour. in the first pa ... | 0 | 26924333 |
| acrylamide levels in selected colombian foods. | acrylamide (aa) levels in conventional (n = 112) and traditional (n = 43) colombian foods were analysed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (gc/ms) detection. samples included: infant powdered formula, coffee and chocolate powders, corn snacks, bakery products and tuber-, meat- and vegetable-based foods. there was a wide variability in aa levels among different foods and within different brands of the same food, especially for coffee powder, breakfast cereals biscuits and french fries s ... | 0 | 25494681 |
| optimization of large-ring cyclodextrin production from starch by amylomaltase from corynebacterium glutamicum and effect of organic solvent on product size. | to increase yield of starch conversion to large-ring cyclodextrins (lr-cds) by amylomaltase from corynebacterium glutamicum (cgam). | 2016 | 26849173 |
| biopolymeric antimicrobial films: study of the influence of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, tapioca starch and glycerol contents on physical properties. | mixture design methodology was applied to study the effect of different levels of tapioca starch (ts), hydroxypropyl methylcelullose (hpmc), and glycerol (gly) on the physical properties of biopolymeric films supporting potassium sorbate (ks; 0.3% w/w) with the goal of contributing to the development of materials for preventing food surface contamination. mechanical properties, water vapour permeability (wvp), solubility in water (s) and colour attributes were evaluated on the films. hpmc additi ... | 2014 | 24433893 |
| development and sensory acceptability of crackers made from the big-eye fish (brachydeuterus auritus). | the big-eye (brachydeuterus auritus), which is present in a large biomass in the gulf of guinea, is generally considered an underutilized fish species. in an attempt to add value, it was used to complement cassava starch (manihot esculenta crantz) to produce fish crackers. three levels of fish (40%, 50%, and 60%) and three levels of starch (60%, 50%, and 40%) were used in the formulations. proximate analyses and sensory evaluations were carried out. the protein, fat, and ash contents increased w ... | 2002 | 12362597 |
| evidence for mid-holocene rice domestication in the americas. | the development of agriculture is one of humankind's most pivotal achievements. questions about plant domestication and the origins of agriculture have engaged scholars for well over a century, with implications for understanding its legacy on global subsistence strategies, plant distribution, population health and the global methane budget. rice is one of the most important crops to be domesticated globally, with both asia (oryza sativa l.) and africa (oryza glaberrima steud.) discussed as prim ... | 2017 | 28993622 |
| assessment of the potential health risks associated with the aluminium, arsenic, cadmium and lead content in selected fruits and vegetables grown in jamaica. | thirteen jamaican-grown food crops - ackee (blighia sapida), banana (musa acuminate), cabbage (brassica oleracea), carrot (daucus carota), cassava (manihot esculenta), coco (xanthosoma sagittifolium), dasheen (colocasia esculenta), irish potato (solanum tuberosum), pumpkin (cucurbita pepo), sweet pepper (capsicum annuum), sweet potato (ipomoea batatas), tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and turnip (brassica rapa) - were analysed for aluminium, arsenic, cadmium and lead by atomic absorption spectroph ... | 2017 | 28959639 |
| supplementary value of peanut flour, chickpea flour and skim-milk powder and their blends to maize-tapioca diet. | | 1962 | 13919759 |
| the supplementary value of coconut meal, groundnut meal, bengal gram, low-cost protein food and skim milk powder to tapioca-rice diet. | | 1961 | 13775406 |
| prlpaat4, a putative lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase from paeonia rockii, plays an important role in seed fatty acid biosynthesis. | lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (lpaats) are essential for the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid (lpa) and the synthesis of phosphatidic acid (pa), a key intermediate in the synthesis of membrane phospholipids and storage lipids. here, a putative lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase gene, designated prlpaat4, was isolated from seed unsaturated fatty acid (ufa)-rich p. rockii. the complete prlpaat4 cdna contained a 1116-bp open reading frame (orf), encoding a 42.9 kda protein with 371 am ... | 2017 | 28994730 |
| putative storage root specific promoters from cassava and yam: cloning and evaluation in transgenic carrots as a model system. | a prerequisite for biotechnological improvements of storage roots is the availability of tissue-specific promoters enabling high expression of transgenes. in this work, we cloned two genomic fragments, pme1 and pdj3s, controlling the expression of a gene with unknown function from cassava (manihot esculenta) and of the storage protein dioscorin 3 small subunit gene from yam (dioscorea japonica), respectively. using beta-glucuronidase as a reporter, the activities of pme1 and pdj3s were evaluated ... | 2010 | 20369359 |
| acyl-coa-binding protein family members in laticifers are possibly involved in lipid and latex metabolism of hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree). | acyl-coa-binding proteins (acbps) are mainly involved in acyl-coa ester binding and trafficking in eukaryotic cells, and their various functions have been characterized in model plants, such as arabidopsis thaliana (a. thaliana), oryza sativa (rice), and other plant species. in the present study, genome-wide mining and expression analysis of acbp genes was performed on hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree), the most important latex-producing crop in the world. | 2018 | 29295704 |
| the sweet gene family in hevea brasiliensis - its evolution and expression compared with four other plant species. | sweet proteins play an indispensable role as a sugar efflux transporter in plant development and stress responses. the sweet genes have previously been characterized in several plants. here, we present a comprehensive analysis of this gene family in the rubber tree, hevea brasiliensis. there are 36 members of the sweet gene family in this species, making it one of the largest families in plant genomes sequenced so far. structure and phylogeny analyses of these genes in hevea and in other species ... | 2017 | 29226081 |
| papain-like cysteine protease encoding genes in rubber (hevea brasiliensis): comparative genomics, phylogenetic, and transcriptional profiling analysis. | 43 hbplcps representing nine subfamilies or 20 orthologous groups were found in rubber, where paralogs were resulted from the recent wgd and local duplication. several senescence-associated genes were also identified. papain-like cysteine proteases (plcps) comprise a large family of proteolytic enzymes involved in plant growth and development, seed germination, organ senescence, immunity, and stress response. despite their importance and the extensive research in the model plant arabidopsis thal ... | 2017 | 28752264 |
| sequencing wild and cultivated cassava and related species reveals extensive interspecific hybridization and genetic diversity. | cassava (manihot esculenta) provides calories and nutrition for more than half a billion people. it was domesticated by native amazonian peoples through cultivation of the wild progenitor m. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia and is now grown in tropical regions worldwide. here we provide a high-quality genome assembly for cassava with improved contiguity, linkage, and completeness; almost 97% of genes are anchored to chromosomes. we find that paleotetraploidy in cassava is shared with the related rub ... | 2016 | 27088722 |
| preparation of gasification feedstock from leafy biomass. | dried leaves are a potential source of energy although these are not commonly used beside to satisfy daily energy demands in rural areas. this paper aims at preparing a leafy biomass feedstock in the form of briquettes which can be directly used for combustion or to extract the combustible gas using a gasifier. teak (tectona grandis) and rubber (hevea brasiliensis) leaves are considered for the present study. a binder-assisted briquetting technique with tapioca starch as binder is adopted. prope ... | 2016 | 26289326 |
| structural and functional analysis of hydroxynitrile lyase from baliospermum montanum with crystal structure, molecular dynamics and enzyme kinetics. | hydroxynitrile lyases (hnls) catalyze degradation of cyanohydrins to hydrogen cyanide and the corresponding ketone or aldehyde. hnls can also catalyze the reverse reaction, i.e., synthesis of cyanohydrins. although several crystal structures of s-selective hydroxynitrile lyases (s-hnls) have been reported, it remains unknown whether and how dynamics at the active site of s-hnls influence their broad substrate specificity and affinity. in this study, we analyzed the structure, dynamics and functi ... | 2014 | 25220808 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of a cyanogenic β-glucosidase in the inner bark tissues of rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis muell. arg.). | tapping causes the loss of large amounts of latex from laticifers and subsequently enhances latex regeneration, a high carbon- and nitrogen-cost activity in rubber tree. it is suggested that a 67 kda protein associated with protein-storing cells in the inner bark tissues of rubber tree plays an important role in meeting the nitrogen demand for latex regeneration. here, the 67 kda protein was further characterized by a combination of cell biological, molecular biological and biochemical technique ... | 2013 | 23510639 |
| development of microsatellite primers for jatropha curcas (euphorbiaceae) and transferability to congeners. | microsatellite primers were developed for jatropha curcas (euphorbiaceae), a tree species with large potential for biofuel production, to investigate its natural genetic diversity and mating system to facilitate the establishment of tree improvement and conservation programs. | 2012 | 22575369 |
| draft genome sequence of the oilseed species ricinus communis. | castor bean (ricinus communis) is an oilseed crop that belongs to the spurge (euphorbiaceae) family, which comprises approximately 6,300 species that include cassava (manihot esculenta), rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis) and physic nut (jatropha curcas). it is primarily of economic interest as a source of castor oil, used for the production of high-quality lubricants because of its high proportion of the unusual fatty acid ricinoleic acid. however, castor bean genomics is also relevant to biosecu ... | 2010 | 20729833 |
| conservation and divergence of micrornas and their functions in euphorbiaceous plants. | micrornas (mirnas) are approximately 21 nt non-coding rnas which regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. mirnas are key regulators of nearly all essential biological processes. aiming at understanding mirna's functions in euphorbiaceae, a large flowering plant family, we performed a genome-scale systematic study of mirnas in euphorbiaceae, by combining computational prediction and experimental analysis to overcome the difficulty of lack of genomes for most euphorbiaceous species. specific ... | 2010 | 19942686 |
| genomic organization and structure of alpha-hydroxynitrile lyase in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | two clones with homology to the alpha-hydroxynitrile lyase (hnl) cdna clone, mehnl10, were isolatedfrom a lambdaembl3 cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) genomic library. analysis of the sequences showed that both genomic clones contain hnl genes (mehnl4, mehnl24) which are interrupted by two introns. rt-pcr analysis of mehnl4 shows that it is expressed at high levels in seedling roots and at lower levels in cotyledons and young leaves. the deduced amino acid sequences of mehnl4, mehnl10, and meh ... | 1998 | 9705200 |
| metabolite profiling of dioscorea (yam) species reveals underutilised biodiversity and renewable sources for high-value compounds. | yams (dioscorea spp.) are a multispecies crop with production in over 50 countries generating ~50 mt of edible tubers annually. the long-term storage potential of these tubers is vital for food security in developing countries. furthermore, many species are important sources of pharmaceutical precursors. despite these attributes as staple food crops and sources of high-value chemicals, dioscorea spp. remain largely neglected in comparison to other staple tuber crops of tropical agricultural syst ... | 2016 | 27385275 |
| cytokinin-dependent secondary growth determines root biomass in radish (raphanus sativus l.). | the root serves as an essential organ in plant growth by taking up nutrients and water from the soil and supporting the rest of the plant body. some plant species utilize roots as storage organs. sweet potatoes (ipomoea batatas), cassava (manihot esculenta), and radish (raphanus sativus), for example, are important root crops. however, how their root growth is regulated remains unknown. in this study, we characterized the relationship between cambium and radial root growth in radish. through a c ... | 2015 | 25979997 |
| monosaccharide composition of sweetpotato fiber and cell wall polysaccharides from sweetpotato, cassava, and potato analyzed by the high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection method. | the cell wall materials (cwms) from sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas cv. kokei 14), cassava (manihot esculenta), and potato (solanum tuberosum cv. danshaku) and commercial sweetpotato fiber as well as their polysaccharide fractions were analyzed for sugar composition by the high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (hpaec-pad) method. the separation of arabinose and rhamnose, and xylose and mannose, by this method has been improved using a carbopac pa 10 colum ... | 2000 | 10956132 |
| influence of material structure on air-borne ultrasonic application in drying. | this work aims to contribute to the understanding of how the properties of the material being dried affect air-borne ultrasonic application. to this end, the experimental drying kinetics (40°c and 1m/s) of cassava (manihot esculenta) and apple (malus domestica var. granny smith) were carried out applying different ultrasonic powers (0, 6, 12, 19, 25 and 31 kw/m(3)). furthermore, the power ultrasound-assisted drying kinetics of different fruits and vegetables (potato, eggplant, carrot, orange and ... | 2014 | 24411471 |
| comparative study of the methane production based on the chemical compositions of mangifera indica and manihot utilissima leaves. | leaves of mangifera indica (mi, mango leaves) and manihot utilissima (mu, cassava leaves) are available in tropical regions and are the most accessible vegetal wastes of kinshasa, capital of democratic republic of congo. these wastes are not suitably managed and are not rationally valorized. they are abandoned in full air, on the soil and in the rivers. they thus pollute environment. by contrast, they can be recuperated and treated in order to produce methane (energy source), organic fertilizer ... | 2015 | 25825684 |
| genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction for cbsd resistance in manihot esculenta. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important security crop that faces severe yield loses due to cassava brown streak disease (cbsd). motivated by the slow progress of conventional breeding, genetic improvement of cassava is undergoing rapid change due to the implementation of quantitative trait loci mapping, genome-wide association mapping (gwas), and genomic selection (gs). in this study, two breeding panels were genotyped for snp markers using genotyping by sequencing and phenotyped for ... | 2018 | 29367617 |
| improving genomic prediction in cassava field experiments by accounting for inter-plot competition. | plants' competing for available resources is an unavoidable phenomenon in a field. we conducted studies in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) in order to understand the pattern of this competition. taking into account the competitive ability of genotypes while selecting parents for breeding advancement or commercialization can be very useful. we assumed that competition could occur in two levels i) at the genotypic level, which we called as inter-clonal, and ii) at the plot level irrespective of ... | 2018 | 29358232 |
| identification and functional analysis of cassava della proteins in plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight. | gibberellin (ga) is an essential plant hormone in plant growth and development as well as various stress responses. della proteins are important repressors of ga signal pathway. ga and della have been extensively investigated in several model plants. however, the in vivo roles of ga and della in cassava, one of the most important crops and energy crops in the tropical area, are unknown. in this study, systematic genome-wide analysis identified 4 medellas in cassava, as evidenced by the evolution ... | 2017 | 29351892 |
| patterns of nuclear and chloroplast genetic diversity and structure of manioc along major brazilian amazonian rivers. | amazonia is a major world centre of plant domestication, but little is known about how the crops were dispersed across the region. manioc (manihot esculenta) was domesticated in the south-western amazon basin, and is the most important staple food crop that originated in amazonia. current contrasting distributions may reflect distinct histories of dispersal of bitter and sweet manioc landraces. to produce new insights into the evolutionary history of the crop, we investigated the contemporary ge ... | 2018 | 29309531 |
| effects of low molecular sugars on the retrogradation of tapioca starch gels during storage. | the effects of low molecular sugars (sucrose, glucose and trehalose) on the retrogradation of tapioca starch (ts) gels stored at 4°c for different periods were examined with different methods. decrease in melting enthalpy (δhmelt) were obtained through differential scanning calorimetry analysis. analysis of decrease in crystallization rate constant (k) and increase in semi-crystallization time (τ1/2) results obtained from retrogradation kinetics indicated that low molecular sugars could retard t ... | 2017 | 29284007 |
| two cassava basic leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factors (mebzip3 and mebzip5) confer disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight. | basic domain-leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factor, one type of conserved gene family, plays an important role in plant development and stress responses. although 77 mebzips have been genome-wide identified in cassava, their in vivo roles remain unknown. in this study, we analyzed the expression pattern and the function of two mebzips (mebzip3 and mebzip5) in response to pathogen infection. gene expression analysis indicated that mebzip3 and mebzip5 were commonly regulated by flg22, xanthom ... | 2017 | 29276527 |
| uv-vis and cielab based chemometric characterization of manihot esculenta carotenoid contents. | vitamin a deficiency is a prevalent health problem in many areas of the world, where cassava genotypes with high pro-vitamin a content have been identified as a strategy to address this issue. in this study, we found a positive correlation between the color of the root pulp and the total carotenoid contents and, importantly, showed how cielab color measurements can be used as a non-destructive and fast technique to quantify the amount of carotenoids in cassava root samples, as opposed to traditi ... | 2017 | 29236680 |
| genetic inheritance of pulp colour and selected traits of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) at early generation selection. | the early generation selection of cassava quantitative and qualitative traits saves breeding resources as it can shorten breeding schemes. inheritance analysis provides important breeding information for developing new improved varieties. this study aimed at developing an f1 segregating cassava population and determining mode of gene action of pulp colour and selected traits at early generation selection (f1 seedling and clones). | 2017 | 29230819 |
| soil-to-cassava transfer of naturally occurring radionuclides from communities along ghana's oil and gas rich tano basin. | soil-to-plant transfer factor (tf) is widely used to assess the impact of soil radioactivity on agricultural crops. the root crop cassava (manihot esculenta) provides 30%-50% of the calories consumed in sub-saharan africa and is widely used in south america. γ-ray analysis was used to measure activity concentrations of 238u, 232th, and 40k in cassava root and soil. the tf values for 238u, 232th, and 40k were in the range 0.06-0.12, 0.01-0.10 and 0.04-0.28 respectively. the median transfer factor ... | 2018 | 29227875 |
| allele exchange at the epsps locus confers glyphosate tolerance in cassava. | effective weed control can protect yields of cassava (manihot esculenta) storage roots. farmers could benefit from using herbicide with a tolerant cultivar. we applied traditional transgenesis and gene editing to generate robust glyphosate tolerance in cassava. by comparing promoters regulating expression of transformed 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (epsps) genes with various paired amino acid substitutions, we found that strong constitutive expression is required to achieve glypho ... | 2017 | 29223136 |
| provitamin a biofortification of cassava enhances shelf life but reduces dry matter content of storage roots due to altered carbon partitioning into starch. | storage roots of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a major subsistence crop of sub-saharan africa, are calorie rich but deficient in essential micronutrients, including provitamin a β-carotene. in this study, β-carotene concentrations in cassava storage roots were enhanced by co-expression of transgenes for deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (dxs) and bacterial phytoene synthase (crtb), mediated by the patatin-type 1 promoter. storage roots harvested from field-grown plants accumulated caro ... | 2017 | 29193665 |
| effect of duration of sonication during gelatinization on properties of tapioca starch water hyacinth fiber biocomposite. | this paper characterizes properties of biocomposite sonicated during gelatinization. the biocomposite consisted of tapioca starch based plastic reinforced by 10% volume fraction of water hyacinth fiber (whf). during gelatinization, the biocomposite was poured into a rectangular glass mold then vibrated in an ultrasonic bath using 40khz, 250w for varying durations (0, 15, 30, and 60min). the resulting biocomposite was then dried in a drying oven at 50°c for 20h. the results of this study indicate ... | 2018 | 29191420 |
| rav transcription factors are essential for disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight via activation of melatonin biosynthesis genes. | with 1 ap2 domain and 1 b3 domain, 7 meravs in apetala2/ethylene response factor (ap2/erf) gene family have been identified in cassava. however, the in vivo roles of these remain unknown. gene expression assays showed that the transcripts of meravs were commonly regulated after xanthomonas axonopodis pv manihotis (xam) and meravs were specifically located in plant cell nuclei. through virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) in cassava, we found that merav1 and merav2 are essential for plant disease ... | 2018 | 29151275 |
| slowly digestible carbohydrate for balanced energy: in vitro and in vivo evidence. | there is growing interest among consumers in foods for sustained energy management, and an increasing number of ingredients are emerging to address this demand. the sustra™ 2434 slowly digestible carbohydrate is a blend of tapioca flour and corn starch, with the potential to provide balanced energy after a meal. the aim of the study was to characterize this starch's digestion profile in vitro (modified englyst assay) and in vivo (intact and cecectomized rooster study), and to determine its effec ... | 2017 | 29125542 |
| laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (libs) for rapid analysis of ash, potassium and magnesium in gluten free flours. | gluten free (gf) diets are prone to mineral deficiency, thus effective monitoring of the elemental composition of gf products is important to ensure a balanced micronutrient diet. the objective of this study was to test the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (libs) analysis combined with chemometrics for at-line monitoring of ash, potassium and magnesium content of gf flours: tapioca, potato, maize, buckwheat, brown rice and a gf flour mixture. concentrations of ash, potassium and ... | 2018 | 29120789 |
| improving genomic prediction in cassava field experiments using spatial analysis. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important staple food in sub-saharan africa. breeding experiments were conducted at the international institute of tropical agriculture in cassava to select elite parents. taking into account the heterogeneity in the field while evaluating these trials can increase the accuracy in estimation of breeding values. we used an exploratory approach using the parametric spatial kernels power, spherical, and gaussian to determine the best kernel for a given scena ... | 2018 | 29109156 |
| genome-wide analysis of aquaporin gene family and their responses to water-deficit stress conditions in cassava. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important economic crop in tropical countries. although cassava is considered a drought-tolerant crop that can grow in arid areas, the impact of drought can significantly reduce the growth and yield of cassava storage roots. the discovery of aquaporin molecules (aqps) in plants has resulted in a paradigm shift in the understanding of plant-water relationships, whereas the relationship between aquaporin and drought resistance in cassava still remains elusi ... | 2017 | 29100101 |
| efficient crispr/cas9 genome editing of phytoene desaturase in cassava. | crispr/cas9 has become a powerful genome-editing tool for introducing genetic changes into crop species. in order to develop capacity for crispr/cas9 technology in the tropical staple cassava (manihot esculenta), the phytoene desaturase (mepds) gene was targeted in two cultivars using constructs carrying grnas targeting two sequences within mepds exon 13. after agrobacterium-mediated delivery of crispr/cas9 reagents into cassava cells, both constructs induced visible albino phenotypes within cot ... | 2017 | 29093724 |
| dermoscopy in vitiligo: diagnosis and beyond. | vitiligo is essentially a clinical diagnosis, and dermoscopy may aid in noninvasive confirmation of diagnosis by excluding other clinically simulating hypopigmentary conditions. more importantly, dermoscopy is rapidly gaining ground as an important adjunct tool to evaluate disease activity. | 2018 | 29076154 |
| mewrky20 and its interacting and activating autophagy-related protein 8 (meatg8) regulate plant disease resistance in cassava. | as a highly conserved mechanism, autophagy is responsible for the transport of cytoplasmic constituents in the vacuoles or lysosomes. moreover, autophagy is essential for plant development and various stress responses. in this study, 34 meatgs were systematically identified in cassava, and their transcripts were commonly regulated by xanthomonas axonopodis pv manihotis (xam). through transient expression in nicotiana benthamiana, the subcellular locations of 4 meatg8s were revealed. notably, mew ... | 2017 | 29056507 |
| optimization of spray drying process parameters for tucupi powder using the response surface methodology. | a completely randomized 23 factorial experimental design was used to optimize the process parameters for obtaining tucupi powder through spray drying. the effects of the process variables [inlet air temperature (it), feed flow rate (fr), and maltodextrin concentration (md)] on the product properties [moisture, water activity (aw), hygroscopicity, water absorption index (wai), water solubility index (wsi), total color difference (δe*), and β-carotene content] were studied using the response surfa ... | 2017 | 29051641 |
| development and optimization of a starch-based co-processed excipient for direct compression using mixture design. | the development of novel excipients with enhanced functionality has been explored using particle engineering by co-processing. the aim of this study was to improve the functionality of tapioca starch (ts) for direct compression by co-processing with gelatin (gel) and colloidal silicon dioxide (csd) in optimized proportions. design of experiment (doe) was employed to optimize the composition of the co-processed excipient using the desirability function and other supporting studies as a basis for ... | 2017 | 29038987 |
| comparison of fermented animal feed and mushroom growth media as two value-added options for waste cassava pulp management. | cassava is one of the main processed crops in thailand, but this generates large amounts (7.3 million tons in 2015) of waste cassava pulp (wcp). the solid wcp is sold directly to farmers or pulp-drying companies at a low cost to reduce the burden of on-site waste storage. using an integrated direct and environmental cost model, fermented animal feed and mushroom growth media were compared as added-value waste management alternatives for wcp to mitigate environmental problems. primary and seconda ... | 2017 | 29032722 |
| modification by α-d-glucan branching enzyme lowers the in vitro digestibility of starch from different sources. | granular corn starch, waxy corn starch, potato starch and tapioca starch were modified using the α-d-glucan branching enzyme (1,4-α-d-glucan:1,4-α-d-glucan 6-α-d-(1,4-α-d-glucano)-transferase, gbe, ec 2.4.1.18) from geobacillus thermoglucosidans. the gbe-catalyzed modification caused a time-dependent increase in the ratios of α-1,6 linkages to total glycosidic linkages, as well as reductions in the average chain length and relative crystallinity. these modifications lowered the in vitro digestib ... | 2018 | 29030183 |
| two transcriptional activators of n-acetylserotonin o-methyltransferase 2 and melatonin biosynthesis in cassava. | similar to the situation in animals, melatonin biosynthesis is regulated by four sequential enzymatic steps in plants. although the melatonin synthesis genes have been identified in various plants, the upstream transcription factors of them remain unknown. in this study on cassava (manihot esculenta), we found that mewrky79 and heat-shock transcription factor 20 (mehsf20) targeted the w-box and the heat-stress elements (hses) in the promoter of n-acetylserotonin o-methyltransferase 2 (measmt2), ... | 2017 | 28992113 |
| pasta quality as impacted by the type of flour and starch and the level of egg addition. | this study investigated the effects of substituting wheat flour with fractions of different starch types and egg levels on pasta quality. first order mixture response surface model was used where the effects of various starch types and egg levels on pasta quality were evaluated. coefficients of estimation were determined and fractional contribution of wheat, starch type and egg levels were evaluated. egg levels negatively (p < .05) impacted treatments pasting viscosities, except in potato starch ... | 2017 | 28967218 |
| a novel biochar from manihot esculenta crantz waste: application for the removal of malachite green from wastewater and optimization of the adsorption process. | the adsorptive removal of malachite green (mg) by a novel biochar namely cassava rind carbon (crc) was studied in a batch system. moreover, box-behnken response surface methodology was used to optimize operating conditions of the adsorption process. characterization was done by thermo gravimetric analysis (tga), attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (atr/ftir), brunauer-emmett-teller (bet) surface area, scanning electron microscopy (sem), x-ray diffraction (xrd) a ... | 2017 | 28953471 |
| effect of vibration duration of high ultrasound applied to bio-composite while gelatinized on its properties. | this article reports effect of vibration duration of high ultrasound applied to bio-composite while gelatinized on its properties. the bio-composite consists of mixing of both the tapioca starch based bioplastic and oil palm empty fruit bunch (opefb) fibers with high volume fraction. gelatinization of the bio-composite sample was poured into a rectangular glass mold placed then in an ultrasonic bath with 40khz, and 250watt in different duration for 0, 15, 30, 60min respectively. the results show ... | 2018 | 28946475 |
| comparative study of the effect of starches from five different sources on the rheological properties of gluten-free model doughs. | we investigated the effect of wheat (ws), corn (cs), tapioca (ts), sweet potato (ss) and potato (ps) starches on the rheological properties of starch-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (hpmc) model doughs. significant differences were found among model doughs made with different starches in terms of water absorption, development time, and strength. the ps-hpmc dough presented higher maximum creep compliance, followed successively by ss-, ts-, cs-, and ws-hpmc doughs, and the same order was found for t ... | 2017 | 28927617 |
| advanced technology for nanostarches preparation by high speed jet and its mechanism analysis. | nanostarches were successfully prepared by high speed jet (hsj) after pretreatment of micronization. the nanostarches were obtained at the conditions of micronization treatment for 60min, and then one cycle at 240mpa of hsj (188.1nm). moreover, after hsj treated for three cycles, the particle size could reach the level of nanometer materials (66.94nm). the physicochemical properties of nanostarches had been characterized. rapid visco-analysis (rva) showed that the viscosity of nanostarches signi ... | 2017 | 28927590 |
| food-grade filler particles as an alternative method to modify the texture and stability of myofibrillar gels. | a series of food grade particles were characterized for their potential as fillers in myofibrillar gels. the fillers were separated into (i) hydrophilic, insoluble, crystalline particles and (ii) starch granules. the particles used were microcrystalline cellulose, oat fiber and walnut shell flour, as well as potato and tapioca starches. crystalline particles increased hardness and decreased recovery properties. although all of these fillers decreased the t2 relaxation time of water, this was dep ... | 2017 | 28912434 |
| improvement of feed pellet characteristics by dietary pre-gelatinized starch and their subsequent effects on growth and physiology in tilapia. | a 9-week study was conducted to compare dietary corn starch (cs) or tapioca starch (ts), with or without being pre-gelatinized (pg), on the growth, feeding efficiencies, plasma and muscle biochemistry, intestinal short chain fatty acids (scfa), and liver glycogen of triplicate groups of 20 red hybrid tilapia (orecohromis sp.). various pellet characteristics were evaluated, along with their surface and cross sectional microstructure. the pg diets had significantly higher water stability, bulk den ... | 2018 | 28873520 |
| phylogeny and expression pattern analysis of tcp transcription factors in cassava seedlings exposed to cold and/or drought stress. | the tcp transcription factors usually act as integrators of multiple growth regulatory and environmental stimuli. however, little is known about this gene family in the important tropical crop cassava (manihot esculenta). in this study, 36 tcp genes were identified and renamed based on cassava whole-genome sequence and their sequence similarity with arabidopsis tcps. typical tcp domains were detected in these proteins by multiple sequence alignment analysis. evolutionary analysis indicated that ... | 2017 | 28855620 |
| alpha-glucan, water dikinase 1 affects starch metabolism and storage root growth in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | regulation of storage root development by source strength remains largely unknown. the cassava storage root delay (srd) t-dna mutant postpones storage root development but manifests normal foliage growth as wild-type plants. the srd gene was identified as an orthologue of α-glucan, water dikinase 1 (gwd1), whose expression is regulated under conditions of light/dark cycles in leaves and is associated with storage root development. the gwd1-rnai cassava plants showed both retarded plant and stora ... | 2017 | 28852191 |
| morphological diversity of cassava accessions of the south-central mesoregion of the state of mato grosso, brazil. | genetic variability of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) in brazil is wide, being this the result of natural and cultural selection during pre- and post-domestication of the species in different environments. given the number of species of the genus found in the region (38 of a total of 98 species), the central region of brazil was defined as the primary center of cassava diversity. therefore, genetic diversity characterization of cassava accessions is fundamental, both for farmers and for plan ... | 2017 | 28829901 |
| phytoplasma infection of a tropical root crop triggers bottom-up cascades by favoring generalist over specialist herbivores. | global interest on plant-microbe-insect interactions is rapidly growing, revealing the multiple ways in which microorganisms mediate plant-herbivore interactions. phytopathogens regularly alter whole repertoires of plant phenotypic traits, and bring about shifts in key chemical or morphological characteristics of plant hosts. pathogens can also cause cascading effects on higher trophic levels, and eventually shape entire plant-associated arthropod communities. we tested the hypothesis that a can ... | 2017 | 28813469 |
| ground penetrating radar: a case study for estimating root bulking rate in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | understanding root traits is a necessary research front for selection of favorable genotypes or cultivation practices. root and tuber crops having most of their economic potential stored below ground are favorable candidates for such studies. the ability to image and quantify subsurface root structure would allow breeders to classify root traits for rapid selection and allow agronomist the ability to derive effective cultivation practices. in spite of the huge role of cassava (manihot esculenta ... | 2017 | 28794795 |
| evaluation of the disintegrant properties of native starches of five new cassava varieties in paracetamol tablet formulations. | the disintegrant potential of native starches of five new cassava (manihot esculenta crantz.) varieties developed by the crops research institute of ghana (crig) was studied in paracetamol tablet formulations. the yield of the starches ranged from 8.0 to 26.7%. the starches were basic (ph: 8.1-9.9), with satisfactory moisture content (≤15%), swelling capacity (≥20%), ash values (<1%), flow properties, and negligible toxic metal ion content, and compatible with the drug. the tensile strength (ts ... | 2017 | 28781909 |
| global gene expression analysis reveals crosstalk between response mechanisms to cold and drought stresses in cassava seedlings. | abiotic stress negatively impacts cassava (manihot esculenta) growth and yield. several molecular mechanisms of plant response to cold and drought have been identified and described in the literature, however, little is known about the crosstalk of the responses of cassava to these two stresses. to elucidate this question, transcriptome analysis of cassava seedlings under cold or peg-simulated drought stress treatment was performed. our results showed that 6103 and 7462 transcripts were signific ... | 2017 | 28769962 |
| overexpression of arabidopsis flowering locus t (ft) gene improves floral development in cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz). | cassava is a tropical storage-root crop that serves as a worldwide source of staple food for over 800 million people. flowering is one of the most important breeding challenges in cassava because in most lines flowering is late and non-synchronized, and flower production is sparse. the flowering locus t (ft) gene is pivotal for floral induction in all examined angiosperms. the objective of the current work was to determine the potential roles of the ft signaling system in cassava. the arabidopsi ... | 2017 | 28753668 |
| the pre-columbian introduction and dispersal of algarrobo (prosopis, section algarobia) in the atacama desert of northern chile. | archaeological and palaeoecological studies throughout the americas have documented widespread landscape and environmental transformation during the pre-columbian era. the highly dynamic formative (or neolithic) period in northern chile (ca. 3700-1550 yr bp) brought about the local establishment of agriculture, introduction of new crops (maize, quinoa, manioc, beans, etc.) along with a major population increase, new emergent villages and technological innovations. even trees such as the algarrob ... | 2017 | 28742126 |
| blood lead levels and risk factors for lead exposure among pregnant women in western french guiana: the role of manioc consumption. | concerns regarding lead (pb) poisoning in french guiana first arose in 2011 following the discovery of excessively high levels of the metal amongst children in a small neighborhood without any apparent source of pb. since 2012, blood lead level (bll) measurement has been proposed for all pregnant women in western french guiana. the aim of this study was to determine bll in pregnant women in this region and identify factors associated with elevated bll. an observational study of a consecutive sam ... | 2017 | 28644767 |
| genome-wide characterization and expression analysis enables identification of abiotic stress-responsive myb transcription factors in cassava (manihot esculenta). | the myeloblastosis (myb) transcription factor superfamily is the largest transcription factor family in plants, playing different roles during stress response. however, abiotic stress-responsive myb transcription factors have not been systematically studied in cassava (manihot esculenta), an important tropical tuber root crop. in this study, we used a genome-wide transcriptome analysis to predict 299 putative memyb genes in the cassava genome. under drought and cold stresses, many memyb genes ex ... | 2017 | 28637218 |
| malignant transformation of multifocal tapioca iris nevus in a child. | a 31-month-old white boy was evaluated for multiple iris lesions in his left eye, initially suspected to be juvenile xanthogranuloma and later diagnosed as tapioca nevi. four years later the tumors enlarged. there was invasion throughout the anterior segment into the angle and related secondary elevation in intraocular pressure. fine-needle aspiration biopsy disclosed spindle-b melanoma. treatment with custom-designed iodine-125 plaque radiotherapy resulted in tumor regression and stabilization ... | 2017 | 28630029 |
| origins, production, and utilization of cassava in burkina faso, a contribution of a neglected crop to household food security. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a food plant introduced in africa from america by the portuguese in 1558. the objective of this study is to establish cassava origins, production, and utilization in burkina faso. the investigation was carried out in the regions of center west, cascades, boucle du mouhoun, hauts bassins, south west, and center east of burkina faso. eighteen cassava processing units and 226 farmers in 57 communities from the selected regions have been involved in the survey. ... | 2017 | 28572925 |
| comparison of carbohydrate content between grain-containing and grain-free dry cat diets and between reported and calculated carbohydrate values. | objectives the aim of this study was to compare the carbohydrate content of grain-containing and grain-free dry cat diets and compare major protein and carbohydrate sources of these diets. methods this was a cross-sectional study of 77 randomly selected dry cat diets (42 grain-containing, 35 grain-free). reported carbohydrate values were compared between grain-containing and grain-free cat diets. a subset of 25% of diets from each category (grain-containing and grain-free) was analyzed and nitro ... | 2017 | 28569080 |
| flowering locus t triggers early and fertile flowering in glasshouse cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | accelerated breeding of plant species has the potential to help challenge environmental and biochemical cues to support global crop security. we demonstrate the over-expression of arabidopsisflowering locus t in agrobacterium-mediated transformed cassava (manihot esculenta crantz; cultivar 60444) to trigger early flowering in glasshouse-grown plants. an event seldom seen in a glasshouse environment, precocious flowering and mature inflorescence were obtained within 4-5 months from planting of st ... | 2017 | 28555003 |
| characterizations of pickering emulsions stabilized by starch nanoparticles: influence of starch variety and particle size. | pickering emulsions were first successfully fabricated by different types and sizes of corn, tapioca, sweet potato, and waxy corn starch nanoparticles as stabilizers. photography, optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and rheology measurements were used to characterize pickering emulsions stabilized by various starch nanoparticles. the results showed that tapioca, sweet potato, and corn starch nanoparticles were appropriate for pickering emulsion stabilization because the three ... | 2017 | 28551245 |
| expression patterns of members of the ethylene signaling-related gene families in response to dehydration stresses in cassava. | drought is the one of the most important environment stresses that restricts crop yield worldwide. cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important food and energy crop that has many desirable traits such as drought, heat and low nutrients tolerance. however, the mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in cassava are unclear. ethylene signaling pathway, from the upstream receptors to the downstream transcription factors, plays important roles in environmental stress responses during plant grow ... | 2017 | 28542282 |
| minibrain storm : cerebral organoids aren't real brains?but they provide a powerful platform for modeling brain diseases like zika infection, alzheimer's, and even autism. | floating in a petri dish, they look like tiny tapioca pearls in peach broth, a couple dozen in number and none much larger than the tip of a ballpoint pen. but under a microscope, dense, lumpy bodies come into focus, outlined by wispy coronas. | 2017 | 28534760 |
| molecular diversity analysis, drought related marker-traits association mapping and discovery of excellent alleles for 100-day old plants by est-ssrs in cassava germplasms (manihot esculenta cranz). | cassava is the third largest food crop of the world and has strong ability of drought tolerance. in order to evaluate the molecular diversity and to discover novel alleles for drought tolerance in cassava germplasms, we examined a total of 107 abiotic stress related expressed sequence tags-simple sequence repeat (est-ssr) markers in 134 cassava genotypes coming from planting regions worldwide and performed drought related marker-traits association mapping. as results, we successfully amplified 9 ... | 2017 | 28493955 |
| mitigating the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of noodles by aqueous extracts of malay cherry leaves. | aqueous extracts of malay cherry leaves was incorporated into wheat, rice, tapioca, and potato flours with the purpose to formulate noodles with slow digestibility. in vitro digestion studies of these noodle prototypes were carried out to evaluate their digestibility under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. upon incorporation of 2-8% of aqueous extracts, all four different types of noodles exhibited dose dependency with varying degree of digestibility. the greatest reduction in digestibility ... | 2017 | 28490113 |
| tackling agriculturally relevant diseases in the staple crop cassava (manihot esculenta). | cassava is an important staple food crop for millions of people in tropical regions across africa, south america and asia. viral, bacterial and fungal diseases impact cassava yield in all three regions. the viruses causing cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease have been particularly devastating to cassava production in africa. improved farming practices and disease monitoring can reduce the impact of cassava diseases in the field. the availability of disease resistant cassava v ... | 2017 | 28477536 |
| cassava haplotype map highlights fixation of deleterious mutations during clonal propagation. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important staple food crop in africa and south america; however, ubiquitous deleterious mutations may severely decrease its fitness. to evaluate these deleterious mutations, we constructed a cassava haplotype map through deep sequencing 241 diverse accessions and identified >28 million segregating variants. we found that (i) although domestication has modified starch and ketone metabolism pathways to allow for human consumption, the concomitant bottleneck ... | 2017 | 28416819 |