| relationship between receptive and dendritic field size of amacrine cells in the rabbit retina. | 1. intracellular recordings were obtained from 40 amacrine cells in the isolated, superfused retina eyecup of the rabbit. cells were subsequently labeled with horseradish peroxidase for morphological identification. many of these cells displayed dendritic morphology consistent with that of amacrine cells described in prior anatomic studies, including starburst, a17, aii, and dapi-3 cells. 2. the center receptive field of amacrine cells was measured with a 50- or 95-microns-wide, 6.0-mm-long rect ... | 1992 | 1432044 |
| detection of bacterial interaction with lactoferrin by an enzyme-linked ligand binding assay (elba). | an enzyme-linked ligand binding assay (elba) was devised to measure the interaction between bacteria and human (h) or bovine (b) lactoferrin (lf) linked to horseradish peroxidase. reagents were calibrated for optimum colour development with o-phenylenediamine as chromophore and organisms that were either positive or negative in a radioisotope-labelled ligand binding assay (rlba) with 125i-lf. good correlation of lf binding (r = 0.89) was found between elba and rlba with 169 randomly selected str ... | 1992 | 1433256 |
| [neuroanatomical studies on the urine storage facilitatory areas in the cat brain. part i. input neuronal structures to the nucleus locus subcoaruleus and the nucleus radicularis pontis oralis]. | input neuronal structures to the nucleus locus subcoeruleus (lsc) and the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (poo) were investigated by the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) study in cats. under halothane anesthesia, a double barreled electrode was inserted into the lsc where electrical stimulation increased bladder capacity and the external urethral sphincter muscle activity, and into the poo where chemical stimulation with carbachol increased bladder capacity and decreased the external urethral sphi ... | 1992 | 1434290 |
| [neuroanatomical studies on pontine urine storage facilitatory areas in the cat brain. part ii. output neuronal structures from the nucleus locus subcoeruleus and the nucleus reticularis pontis oralis]. | output neuronal structures from the nucleus locus subcoeruleus (slc) and the nucleus reticularis ponts roalis (poo) were investigated by the wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) study in cats. under halothane anesthesia, a double-barreled electrode was inserted into the lsc, poo. after identification of these regions, the wga-hrp was injected ionphoretically into the lsc or poo. wga-hrp labeled fibers were observed from the hypothalamus to the sacral spinal cord. fiber connecti ... | 1992 | 1434291 |
| [extra-organ sources of parasympathetic innervation of small intestine in the region of ligament of treitz]. | localization sites of neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of cat vagus innervating the duodenal-jejunal region and upper part of the jejunum were investigated using the technique of the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase. most part of the neurons was located within the ventrolateral area of the nucleus from +1.0 to +2.7 mm (according to obex). morphological features of the ganglion nodosum neurons which organize afferent innervation of the intestine were analyzed. it has been ... | 1992 | 1436208 |
| glomerular epithelial cell endocytosis in puromycin-induced glomerulopathy. | glomerulopathy and nephrotic syndrome were induced in rats by intravenous puromycin aminonucleoside. ten days after the injection of puromycin, the animals have developed heavy proteinuria. during this phase, glomerular epithelial cell endocytosis was studied by injecting a conjugate of horseradish peroxidase and poly-l-lysine. this conjugate has been shown to be endocytosed by glomerular epithelial cells. the rats were serially sacrificed from 1 min to 24 h after this injection. peroxidase was ... | 1992 | 1436298 |
| cellular localization of metallothionein in human term placenta. | cellular localization of metallothionein (mt) in placenta may provide information on its function as a metal binding protein. rabbit antibodies to rat liver mt cross-reacted with human mt and were used to localize mt in human term placenta by avidin-biotin peroxidase technique. serial sections (5 microns) were cut from paraffin-embedded placentae obtained at term from five normal women and incubated with rabbit antibodies to mt. normal rabbit serum was used as a negative control. the slides were ... | 1992 | 1438083 |
| [quantitative analysis of the isthmo-optic nucleus and projection neurons to the retina in adult fowl (gallus gallus domesticus)]. | quantitative analysis of the isthmo-optic nucleus (io) and centrifugal projection to the retina in the fowl was made using nissl preparation and retrograde horseradish peroxidase (hrp) methods. seven adult fowls (gallus gallus domesticus) were used for nissl stain. serial sections were cut on a freezing microtome at 60 microns and stained with cresyl violet. io was situated just medial to the caudal part of the tectum and laterodorsal surface of the brain stem. rostrocaudal extension of io was a ... | 1992 | 1441894 |
| retinal ganglion cells related to optokinetic nystagmus in the rat. | the nucleus of the optic tract (not) in the pretectum is the visuo-motor relay between the retina and preoculomotor structure in the pathway conveying signals responsible for optokinetic nystagmus (okn) in both afoveate and foveate animals. unilateral lesions of the not abolish okn toward the side ipsilateral to the lesion. however, what parts of the retina and what kinds of retinal ganglion cells project their fibers into the not are still unknown. to examine this, horseradish peroxidase conjug ... | 1992 | 1441983 |
| central projections from singular parts of the vestibular labyrinth in the guinea pig. | primary afferent projections from singular parts of the vestibular labyrinth were studied in the guinea pig. the posterior ampullary nerve, the common trunk of the anterior and lateral ampullary nerves, as well as fibers innervating the macula sacculi or the macula utriculi were traced with crystals of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) lyophilisate. posterior, as well as anterior and lateral ampullary fibers were found to project extensively to the superior vestibular nucleus, but also reached the ot ... | 1992 | 1441990 |
| an unexpected side reaction in the guaiacol assay for peroxidase. | in routine guaiacol assays for thyroid peroxidase and lactoperoxidase employing a newly purchased bottle of guaiacol from aldrich chemical co., we were surprised to find the formation of a blue color instead of the expected amber color classically associated with this assay. this was observed also with horseradish, myelo-, and cytochrome c peroxidase. the blue color (amax approximately 650 nm) was not formed with guaiacol reagents obtained from two other chemical companies, nor was it seen with ... | 1992 | 1443572 |
| a nonradioactive biochemical characterization of membrane proteins using enhanced chemiluminescence. | here we demonstrate a nonradioactive immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) technique which replaces the standard practice of isotopic protein labeling by iodination or metabolic tagging in the analysis of membrane proteins. the technique has proved extremely valuable in the biochemical analysis of small quantities of frozen, pathological tissue. membranes were prepared from dx3 (a human melanoma cell line), c6 (a rat glial cell line), and os ... | 1992 | 1443597 |
| a method for measuring h2o2 based on the potentiation of peroxidative nadph oxidation by superoxide dismutase and scopoletin. | nadph oxidation catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase is considerably increased by scopoletin and superoxide dismutase. these effects were used to develop a method for measuring h2o2 in a horseradish peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and scopoletin system by measuring the nadph oxidation rate. the optimal concentration of each reactant was determined. h2o2 could be detected and measured when it was present free in the medium or when it was produced by an h2o2-generating system, such as glucose-glu ... | 1992 | 1443613 |
| identification of individual prokaryotic cells by using enzyme-labeled, rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes. | a method to microscopically detect and identify individual cells of members of the domains bacteria and archaea is presented. rrna-targeted oligonucleotides were 5' end labeled with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase and used for whole-cell hybridization. specifically bound probe was visualized by the enzymatic formation of an intracellular precipitate from the substrate diaminobenzidine. permeation of the enzyme-labeled probe into whole fixed cells of gram-negative bacteria required their pretre ... | 1992 | 1444414 |
| increased sensitivity of the non-human primate eye to microwave radiation following ophthalmic drug pretreatment. | previous studies in our laboratory have established that pulsed microwaves at 2.45 ghz and 10 mw/cm2 are associated with production of corneal endothelial lesions and with disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier in the non-human primate eye. in the study reported here we examined ocular damage in monkeys (m. mulatta and m. fascicularis) following topical treatment with one of two ophthalmic drugs (timolol maleate and pilocarpine) that preceded exposure to pulsed microwaves. anesthetized monkeys ... | 1992 | 1445419 |
| an immunochemical assay model system for the sensitive detection of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (pdhc) and its decarboxylating subunit pyruvate dehydrogenase (e1). | an immunochemical enzyme immunoassay model system was developed and compared for maximum sensitivity with a radioimmunoassay method and the classic enzyme activity method for the detection of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (pdhc) and its decarboxylating subunit, pyruvate dehydrogenase (e1), isolated from escherichia coli. cross-linked large molecular weight antibody-enzyme conjugate systems are compared with heterobifunctional singular antibody conjugates substituted with high levels of horserad ... | 1992 | 1445944 |
| the use of a neurotoxic lectin, volkensin, to induce loss of identified motoneuron pools. | in this study we investigated degeneration of defined motor pools in the adult rat spinal cord and the associated changes in spinal cord in dorsal root ganglia and peripheral nerve. degeneration of motoneurons was induced by the neurotoxic lectin, volkensin. this substance is taken up by the axons and retrogradely transported to the cell body, where it inhibits proteosynthesis and kills the neuron. accordingly, in adult wistar rats the peroneal or the sciatic nerve was injected with 5.0 ng volke ... | 1992 | 1448208 |
| development of experimental chronic intraocular hypertension in the rabbit. | there are many unanswered questions about chronic glaucoma which cannot be investigated in the available animal models. the present experiments were designed to develop a rabbit model of chronic intraocular hypertension with characteristics similar to human chronic glaucoma by ligating vortex veins or by making single or multiple intraocular injections of 0.5% or 1% alpha-chymotrypsin, 20% chondroitin sulphate, 2% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 2% sodium carboxymethylcellulose or 1% or 2% methyl ... | 1992 | 1449775 |
| morphology of central terminations of intra-axonally stained, low-threshold mechanoreceptive primary afferent fibers from oral mucosa and periodontium in the rat. | horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was injected intra-axonally into functionally identified primary afferent fibers within the rat spinal trigeminal tract in order to study the morphology of their central terminations. they were physiologically determined to be large, myelinated afferent fibers from periodontium or oral mucosa by means of electrical and mechanical stimulation of their receptive fields. twenty-eight axons that innervated the periodontium of incisors and 21 axons that innervated the ora ... | 1992 | 1450915 |
| effects of prazosin on the blood-brain barrier during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | alterations in normal function of the blood-brain barrier (bbb) are important in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis and its laboratory counterpart, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). as part of studies on drugs that affect vascular tone in rats with eae, we have shown previously that the specific alpha 1-adrenoreceptor antagonist, prazosin, suppressed clinical and pathologic disease. in the present study we used quantitative morphometric analysis of capillary endothelium and ... | 1992 | 1450949 |
| thermal effects on horseradish peroxidase uptake in laser nerve transections. | the authors previously reported that rat tibial nerves transected with co2 or ktp/532 laser transmit less horseradish peroxidase (hrp) than those transected with a scalpel. this may be due to laser-specific effects or to thermal phenomena that are laser-independent. this study investigated potential thermal effects on the transmission of hrp through the tibial branch of the sciatic nerve in rats. bilateral nerve transections were performed on 18 animals using a scalpel (control) or an electrocau ... | 1992 | 1453839 |
| absorption of horseradish peroxidase in the endolymphatic sac: ultrastructural cytochemistry using a new electrophoretic technique. | using a newly developed injection technique, the absorption of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) in the endolymphatic sac (es) of the guinea pig was examined by light and electron microscopy. hrp (molecular weight: 40,000; molecular diameter: about 5-nm) was directly injected into the lumen of the es by electrophoresis after the recording of a direct current potential in the es lumen. both the macrophages floating in the es lumen and the epithelial cells in the intermediate portion of the es absorbed ... | 1992 | 1456034 |
| structural and functional changes of blood-brain barrier and indication of prion amyloid filaments in experimental amyotrophic leucospongiosis. | the reproduction of amyotrophic leukospongiosis (al) agent in the central nervous system (cns) of guinea pigs was accompanied by local disturbance of blood-brain barrier (bbb), which manifested in passing of horseradish peroxidase through the endothelium of some of capillaries (10-14%). the disturbance of bbb function coincided with dystrophic changes in a number of pericapillary astrocyte foot processes and in pericytes. in the walls of altered vessels we observed congophilic (amyloid) deposits ... | 1992 | 1456186 |
| trans-diamminedichlorplatinum (ii)-modified probes for detection of picogram quantities of dna. | a novel simple nonradioactive method for detection of specific nucleotide sequences has been developed. this method consists of the hybridization of a target dna with a dna probe modified with trans-diamminedichlorplatinum(ii) (trans-ddp) followed by detection of dna/dna hybrids with affinity-isolated anti-dna-trans-ddp antibodies and poly-horseradish peroxidase-protein a conjugate. major advantages of this approach are the low cost and the extreme simplicity of the labeling procedure, which inv ... | 1992 | 1456440 |
| cytoarchitecture and neural afferents of orbitofrontal cortex in the brain of the monkey. | the orbitofrontal cortex of the monkey can be subdivided into a caudal agranular sector, a transitional dysgranular sector, and an anterior granular sector. the neural input into these sectors was investigated with the help of large horseradish peroxidase injections that covered the different sectors of orbitofrontal cortex. the distribution of retrograde labeling showed that the majority of the cortical projections to orbitofrontal cortex arises from a restricted set of telencephalic sources, w ... | 1992 | 1460107 |
| the auditory cortex of the mouse: connections of the ultrasonic field. | the cortical and subcortical connections of the ultrasonic field (uf) of the auditory cortex of the house mouse (mus musculus) were studied by using retrograde and anterograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). small amounts of hrp were locally injected into the electrophysiologically defined uf. superficial (layer i-iv) and deep (layer iv-vi) injections were prepared. superficial injections led to labelling of both cells (retrograde) and terminals (anterograde) in areas of the ipsilater ... | 1992 | 1460109 |
| sympathetic and sensory neurons projecting into the cervical sympathetic trunk in the chicken. | the cell bodies of the sensory and sympathetic pre- and postganglionic neurons projecting into the cervical sympathetic trunk were retrogradely labeled with horseradish peroxidase in the chicken. preganglionic neurons were located in the spinal segments t1-t6 (maximum t2), postganglionic neurons in the paravertebral ganglia t1-t3 (maximum t1) and sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia t1-t4 (maximum t1). labeled preganglionic neurons were widely distributed across the intermediate gray matte ... | 1992 | 1460234 |
| studies on the application of enzyme immunoassays for the fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and zearalenone. | polyclonal antisera against zearalenone (zea) were produced in rabbits after immunization with zea-oxime coupled to human serum albumin. using these antibodies and a zea-oxime-horseradish peroxidase conjugate in a competitive direct enzyme immunoassay (eia), the detection limit for zea was 70 pg/ml. the relative cross-reactivities of the assay with zea, alpha-zearalenol, beta-zearalenol, zearalanone, alpha-zearalanol, and beta-zearalanol, respectively, were 100%, 37.3%, 7.2%, 59.2%, 5.3%, and 3. ... | 1992 | 1462727 |
| vascular changes in the spinal cord in n-methyl-d-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity: morphological and permeability studies. | our previous studies have demonstrated toxicity in spinal cord neuronal systems of middle-aged rats with continuous intrathecal infusion of n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda). the present study was undertaken to determine when during the course of excitotoxicity vascular changes occur. the model used was intrathecal infusion of nmda in the region of the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was used as a marker of vascular permeability alterations occurring in this model. ... | 1992 | 1462761 |
| cell volume and bile acid excretion. | the interaction between cell volume and taurocholate excretion into bile was studied in isolated perfused rat liver. cell swelling due to hypo-osmotic exposure, addition of amino acids or insulin stimulated taurocholate excretion into bile and bile flow, whereas hyperosmotic cell shrinkage inhibited these. these effects were explained by changes in vmax of taurocholate excretion into bile: vmax. increased from about 300 to 700 nmol/min per g after cell swelling by 12-15% caused by either hypo-os ... | 1992 | 1463469 |
| membrane recapture and early triggered secretion from the newly formed endocytotic compartment in bovine chromaffin cells. | 1. recycling of secretory vesicles in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells was investigated. 2. extracellular horseradish peroxidase (hrp), a fluid phase marker, was taken up into cultured adrenal medullary cells following carbamylcholine-induced secretion of catecholamine. 3. the endocytosed hrp remained compartmentalized within the cell, migrating to a low density band on a percoll density gradient. the endocytotic compartment was distinct from the major pool of catecholamine-containing chr ... | 1992 | 1464827 |
| demyelination, and remyelination by schwann cells and oligodendrocytes after kainate-induced neuronal depletion in the central nervous system. | excitotoxins are thought to kill neurons while sparing afferent fibers and axons of passage. the validity of this classical conclusion has recently been questioned by the demonstration of axonal demyelination. in addition, axons are submitted to a profound alteration of their glial environment. this work was, therefore, undertaken to reassess axonoglial interactions over time after an excitotoxic lesion in the rat. ultrastructural studies were carried out in the ventrobasal thalamus two days to ... | 1992 | 1465177 |
| spinal commissural neurons mediating vestibular input to neck motoneurons in the cat upper cervical spinal cord. | spinal commissural neurons (cns) activated di- or trisynaptically by stimulation of ipsilateral vestibular afferents were stained with intraaxonal injection of horseradish peroxidase in the cat upper cervical spinal cord. stem axons of cns in lamina viii or vii, after crossing the midline, had ascending and/or descending main branches that gave off multiple axon collaterals to laminae ix and viii over a few cervical segments. terminal boutons appeared to make contact with proximal dendrites and ... | 1992 | 1465221 |
| observations on morphology and electrophysiological properties of the normal and axotomized facial motoneurons in the cat. | the correlation between the morphology of facial motoneurons stained intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase and their physiological parameters was examined in cats following facial nerve section and in cats with intact facial nerve. a certain statistical relationship exists between cell size and excitability in normal neurons. after axotomy, facial neurons showed a slow conduction velocity and a low rheobasic current, but had a normal cell size. physiological changes include repetitive firi ... | 1992 | 1467993 |
| intraventricular infusion of n-methyl-d-aspartate. 1. acute blood-brain barrier consequences. | the purpose of this study was to document the early cerebrovascular consequences of excessive n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptor activation. five microliters of nmda (100 nmol/microliters) or vehicle was infused over a 15-min period into the lateral ventricle of adult rats. the protein tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was injected intravenously for blood-brain barrier (bbb) studies. the intraventricular infusion of vehicle (n = 5) caused no alterations in arterial blood pressure or microvas ... | 1992 | 1471471 |
| the effect of cyclosporine administration on the cellular distribution and content of cyclophilin. | cyclophilin (cyp), an intracellular protein sharing amino acid sequence identity with the enzyme peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase has become the leading candidate for the receptor responsible for cyclosporine biological effects. avid binding of cyp to cyclosporine and immunosuppressive cyclosporine metabolites has been demonstrated, while nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporine metabolites have tended not to bind to cyclophilin. a previous immunohistochemical analysis documented that cyp localized ... | 1992 | 1472259 |
| photochromic intensification of diaminobenzidine reaction product in the presence of tetrazolium salts: applications for intracellular labelling and immunohistochemistry. | the diaminobenzidine (dab) reaction product can be greatly intensified by incubating the reacted tissue in either nitro blue tetrazolium or tetranitro blue tetrazolium and then exposing the tissue to strong light. epi-illumination through a microscope objective enables the photochromic intensification to be carried out under direct visual control, with optimal intensification taking only 10-30 s through a 20x objective. alternatively, the whole preparation can be intensified in a few minutes by ... | 1992 | 1474853 |
| use of enzyme immunoassay and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography to detect and confirm identity of dexamethasone in equine blood. | an enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed for detection of dexamethasone in equine blood. dexamethasone 21-hemisuccinate-bovine serum albumin was used for immunization of rabbits, and prednisolone 21-hemisuccinate-horseradish peroxidase was used as enzyme conjugate. the assay had sensitivity in the low-picogram range (detection limit, 0.3 pg/well, 50% inhibition of binding at 4.5 +/- 0.7 pg/well). apart from cortisol, which was recognized by the antiserum at concentration > 8.5 ng/ml, the dexame ... | 1992 | 1476300 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of cs-518, a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, in rabbit plasma and platelets. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for determination of cs-518, a novel thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. antisera against cs-518 were obtained from rabbits immunized with bovine serum albumin linked to cs-518 via carboxylic acid introduced into the imidazolyl ring (for elisa-1) or via 6-carboxylic acid directly (for elisa-2). each of two cs-518 derivatives was conjugated to horseradish peroxidase by a n-succinimidyl ester method, and it was used as a labeled-a ... | 1992 | 1479023 |
| postnatal development of the ipsilateral corticospinal component in rat spinal cord: a light and electron microscopic anterograde hrp study. | most developmental and regeneration studies using the corticospinal tract (cst) as a model are focussed on its major contralateral component in the ventralmost part of the dorsal funiculus. however, for a correct interpretation of the data in these and future studies, a complete anatomical description of the rat cst, including its ipsilateral uncrossed component, is a prerequisite. in this study we used anterograde horseradish-peroxidase (hrp) tract-tracing at the light and electron microscopic ... | 1992 | 1479066 |
| timing and duration of dihydrotestosterone treatment affect the development of motoneuron number and morphology in a sexually dimorphic rat spinal nucleus. | the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (snb) is a sexually dimorphic motor nucleus in the rat lumbar spinal cord. snb motoneurons and their perineal target muscles are present in adult males, but reduced or absent in adult females. this dimorphism is due to the presence of androgens during development. perinatal treatment of females with testosterone (t), or a combination of dihydrotestosterone (dht) and estrogen (e+d females) from embryonic (e) day 16 through postnatal (p) day 5, results in ... | 1992 | 1479067 |
| altered distribution of motor neurons in experimental facial nerve paralysis. | the alteration of motor neurons in the brainstem after recovery from experimental facial nerve paralysis was examined by the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (hrp) technique in the rabbit. six months after nerve crush injury at the center of the vertical portion, hrp was injected into the zygomatic muscle on the recovered side. the distribution of labelled neurons in the brainstem was compared with that in the normal rabbit. in control animals, motor neurons in the facial nucleus were somatotop ... | 1992 | 1481671 |
| central projections of the sensory innervation to the middle cerebral artery in the squirrel monkey. | to analyze the brainstem projections of the innervation to the middle cerebral artery (mca) in the squirrel monkey, transganglionic tracing of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) was used. after application of wga-hrp to the middle cerebral artery (mca), labelled cell bodies were identified in the ipsilateral trigeminal and superior cervical ganglia. in the brainstem, positive labelling indicative of preterminals and terminals occurred in a discontinuous patter ... | 1992 | 1481736 |
| polymyxin b-horseradish peroxidase conjugates as tools in endotoxin research. | the peptide antibiotic polymyxin b (pmb) binds to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps). we prepared covalent conjugates of pmb and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) by periodation of hrp-linked oligosaccharides followed by direct condensation with pmb. in addition we prepared monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to pmb. the pmb-hrp conjugates and anti-pmb mabs were used to study in elisa the binding of pmb to lps from escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. in addition, ... | 1992 | 1481986 |
| influence of aromatic substitution patterns on azo dye degradability by streptomyces spp. and phanerochaete chrysosporium. | twenty-two azo dyes were used to study the influence of substituents on azo dye biodegradability and to explore the possibility of enhancing the biodegradabilities of azo dyes without affecting their properties as dyes by changing their chemical structures. streptomyces spp. and phanerochaete chrysosporium were used in the study. none of the actinomycetes (streptomyces rochei a10, streptomyces chromofuscus a11, streptomyces diastaticus a12, s. diastaticus a13, and s. rochei a14) degraded the com ... | 1992 | 1482183 |
| distinctive pattern of organisation in the retinofugal pathway of a marsupial: i. retina and optic nerve. | the nasotemporal division in the retina and the pattern of crossed and uncrossed axons in the optic nerve were determined in an australian marsupial, a wallaby, setonix brachyurus (the quokka), following unilateral horseradish peroxidase injections into primary visual centres. the gross morphology of the nerve was also examined. ipsilaterally projecting ganglion cells were restricted to the temporal retina, whereas those that project contralaterally were located in all retinal regions. the morph ... | 1992 | 1484118 |
| effects of neonatal transection of the infraorbital nerve upon the structural and functional organization of the ventral posteromedial nucleus in the rat. | the present study examined the way in which an indirect partial deafferentation of the medial portion of the ventrobasal complex (vpm/vpl) induced by neonatal transection of the infraorbital nerve (ion) altered the structural and functional properties of its constituent neurons. this manipulation significantly reduced the volume of the contralateral vpm/vpl. in addition, cell counts in nissl-stained material revealed a significant reduction of the number of vpm/vpl neurons contralateral to neona ... | 1992 | 1484124 |
| origin of sympathetic and sensory innervation of the endolymphatic sac. a retrograde axonal tracing study in the guinea pig. | lectin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) was used as a retrograde axonal tracer to determine endolymphatic sac (es) innervation and the nature of such a nervous supply. wga-hrp placed into the es of the guinea pig resulted in labelling of neurons in the ipsilateral sympathetic superior cervical ganglion and the sensory trigeminal ganglion. the number of labelled neurons in the cervical superior ganglion varied according to the survival time with peak labelling occurring after 48 h. spa ... | 1992 | 1484700 |
| distribution of intraventricularly injected horseradish peroxidase in cerebrospinal fluid compartments of the rat spinal cord. | the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid along the central canal and its access to the parenchyma of the spinal cord of the rat have been analyzed by injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the lateral ventricle. peroxidase was found throughout the central canal 13 min after injection, suggesting a rapid circulation of cerebrospinal fluid along the central canal of the rat spinal cord. it was cleared from the central canal within 2 h, in contrast with the situation in the brain tissue, ... | 1992 | 1486601 |
| appearance and endocytic activity of epithelial cells from human efferent ducts in primary monolayer culture. | the culture of epithelial cells lining human efferent ducts, obtained from prostatic carcinoma patients, is described. ciliated cells were observed to beat for at least one month on plastic. on previous filters low cuboidal cells characterized the monolayers. cells comprising monolayers over the filter were 5 to 9 microns in height whereas taller cells were found over the original fragments (14 microns). some non-ciliated cells contained dark and light vacuoles, others were found to lack them. b ... | 1992 | 1486604 |
| spinothalamic and propriospinal neurones in the upper cervical cord of the rat: terminations of primary afferent fibres on soma and primary dendrites. | experiments were performed on rats to determine whether primary afferents from the upper cervical region terminate directly on spinothalamic and propriospinal neurones. the central terminations of primary afferents from the upper cervical region were identified by diffusely filling their axons with horseradish peroxidase. spinothalamic neurones or propriospinal neurones were identified in the same experimental animals by using retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradi ... | 1992 | 1486955 |
| enhanced horseradish peroxidase uptake in the electrically stimulated cochlea of the guinea pig. | stimulation with alternating current at the round window causes an accelerated uptake of extracellular hrp by endocytotic vesicles in inner hair cells at the base of the stimulated cochlea, near the site of the electrode, but does not noticeably affect uptake into outer hair cells. after unilateral electrical stimulation, efferent endings on outer hair cells at the cochlear base show increased vesicular and endosomal labelling in both the ipsilateral and contralateral ears. it is concluded that ... | 1992 | 1487445 |
| role of gaba in the extraocular motor nuclei of the cat: a postembedding immunocytochemical study. | the gabaergic innervation of the extraocular motor nuclei in the cat was evaluated using postembedding immunocytochemical techniques. the characterization of gaba-immunoreactive terminals in the oculomotor nucleus was carried out at the light and electron microscopic levels. gaba-immunopositive puncta suggestive of boutons were abundant in semithin sections throughout the oculomotor nucleus, and were found in close apposition to somata and dendrites. ultrathin sections revealed an extensive and ... | 1992 | 1488130 |
| influences from different areas of the cerebral cortex on preoptic neurons: morphological and electrophysiological data. | spatial organization of neurons in the prefrontal and cingulate cortex, cortex of the piriform lobe and the hippocampus which project axons to the preoptic region, has been studied in cats using horseradish peroxidase tracing. cortical areas were selected taking into consideration their phylogenetical distinctions. the prefrontal cortex was found to send a major portion of fibres to the preoptic region, while the density of units forming such connections was maximal in the cingulate cortex. fiel ... | 1992 | 1488131 |
| [reinnervation after direct neurotization in cross innervated rats--a study of spinal anterior horn cells by horseradish peroxidase method]. | this experiment was performed to clarify the progress of the reinnervation of the denervated muscle after direct neurotization using cross innervation. in this study 79 rats were used. the common peroneal nerve was cut and neurotized into the previously denervated gastrocnemius muscle. at different stages after neurotization, evoked m-waves of the neurotized muscle, and muscle weights were analyzed. histological findings of the neurotized and denervated gastrocnemius muscles, and the number of s ... | 1992 | 1491215 |
| projections from fetal neocortical transplants placed in the frontal neocortex of newborn rats. a phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin tracing study. | fetal rat neocortex grafted into lesion cavities made in the newborn rat neocortex can exchange multiple axonal connections with the host brain. most previous studies demonstrating efferent transplant-to-host brain connections have used fluorescent retrograde tracers injected into the host brain (castro et al. 1985, 1987; floeter and jones 1984; o'leary and stanfield 1989). other studies have used anterograde axonal tracing with either tritium-labelled amino acids impregnating the transplant and ... | 1992 | 1493866 |
| [changes in gastrointestinal mucins caused by attapulgite. experimental study in rats]. | a histochemical study was carried out to evaluate the changes occurring in mucins secreted by the rat stomach and intestine following a 7 day-treatment with a cytoprotective clay: attapulgite. staining of gastrointestinal sections was performed with periodic acid-schiff reagent, alcian blue ph 2.5 and ph 1.0, and with lectin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase for detecting complex carbohydrates. when compared with controls, attapulgite induced an increase in carboxylic mucin content in the c ... | 1992 | 1493901 |
| sexual dimorphism of the kidney in the nmri mouse as shown by dolichos biflorus agglutinin labelling. | the histological affinity pattern of dolichos biflorus agglutinin (dba) in kidneys from mice (nmri, balb/c, cba) and rats (wistar) fixed by perfusion with formalin, bouin, or hgcl2 was investigated with a horseradish peroxidase conjugate. the animals were examined from fetal stage to adulthood. adult female nmri mice exhibited constant dba labelling, with dba binding to cells of the proximal and collecting tubules. moreover the vascular endothelium of the renal papilla was found to be dba-positi ... | 1992 | 1497140 |
| intestinal permeability in pigs during rotavirus infection. | macromolecular permeability of the small intestine was tested in four 3-week-old gnotobiotic pigs inoculated with porcine rotavirus strain rv277 (group a). pigs were administered 125i-labeled polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight [mol wt], 40,000) orally 1 day before and 2 and 24 hours after virus inoculation, and blood samples were obtained every 6 hours. eight hours after rotavirus inoculation, pigs had watery diarrhea. increased permeation of 125i-labeled polyvinylpyrrolidone was not observe ... | 1992 | 1497189 |
| ultrastructural localization of a soluble antigen in the chicken harderian gland. | the relationship between plasma cells, macrophages, b and t cells, dendritic cells, and epithelium in the chicken harderian gland have been studied by means of ultrastructural localization of the horseradish peroxidase following local immunization. after 5 d, peroxidase activity was found in vesicles located in macrophages and immature plasma cells. on day 7, peroxidase-antiperoxidase complexes were found in vesicles of the epithelial cells lining the secondary ducts and the acini, in the lumina ... | 1992 | 1499840 |
| role of intercellular junctions in the passage of horseradish peroxidase across aortic endothelium. | the manner in which molecules are transported across the arterial endothelial layer has been a subject open to much interpretation and controversy. further elucidation and clarification of these mechanisms are of primary interest. | 1992 | 1501446 |
| [the local immune system of ocular surface]. | local immunity on the ocular surface was observed in guinea pigs immunized with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) by determining the activity of a specific antibody in local sites of the conjunctiva by the enzyme-antigen method, which enables a specific antibody to be stained. in addition, immunohistochemical study of the localization of iga was performed by the enzyme-labelled antibody method. the enzyme-antigen method revealed a number of positive cells in the subconjunctival tissue and the parafol ... | 1992 | 1502978 |
| a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is associated with optic nerve regeneration in the frog. | we have examined the integrity of the blood-brain barrier during optic nerve regeneration in the frog litoria (hyla) moorei using rhodamine b-labeled bovine serum albumin (rba). a transient localized breakdown of the blood-brain barrier was observed between 1 and 5 weeks after extracranial optic nerve crush. the zone of breakdown progressed along the experimental optic nerve, ascended the opposite optic tract, and swept rostro-caudally across the tectum contralateral to the crushed nerve. by 7 w ... | 1992 | 1504024 |
| mutagenic activation of benzidine requires prior bacterial acetylation and subsequent conversion by prostaglandin h synthase to 4-nitro-4'-(acetylamino)biphenyl. | we have used the ames test in combination with prostaglandin h synthase (phs) to study the bioactivation of benzidine as well as other aromatic amines. previous investigations established that the formation of benzidine mutagens by phs is dramatically enhanced in salmonella typhimurium strains with high levels of acetyl coa-dependent arylamine n-acetyltransferase/arylhydroxylamine o-acetyltransferase activity despite the fact that acetylation of aromatic amines decreases their susceptibility to ... | 1992 | 1504268 |
| horseradish peroxidase labeling of growth cones and axons beyond the site of injury in injured rabbit optic nerve axons growing in their own environment. | spontaneous growth of injured axons in the mammalian central nervous system is limited. we have previously shown an apparently regenerative growth of injured optic axons in the adult rabbit, achieved by supplying them with soluble substances originating from growing axons, followed by low energy helium-neon laser irradiation. the growing unmyelinated and thinly myelinated axons were embedded in astrocytes, and some were in the process of remyelination by oligodendrocytes. they were shown to have ... | 1992 | 1504772 |
| is cns trauma a prerequisite for the elongation of cns axons into denervated peripheral nerve? | the demonstration that some central nervous system (cns) axons can regenerate when provided with a suitable environment raises the possibility of new treatments for cns injury. however, at present the conditions for optimal regeneration are not well understood. for example, the methods used in previous studies have entailed cns trauma as part of the research protocol (e.g. that resulting from the implantation of peripheral nerve grafts), and so the role of neuronal or axonal injury in the regrow ... | 1992 | 1504785 |
| electrophysiological and anatomical studies on thalamic mediodorsal nucleus projections onto the prefrontal cortex in the cat. | electrical stimulation of the mediodorsal nucleus (md) of the thalamus elicited field potentials in the gyrus proreus (pro), frontalis (fr), rectus (re) and cinguli anterior (ciant) of the ipsilateral prefrontal and adjacent cortical areas in cats. the results of a laminar field potential analysis indicate that the field potentials can be regarded as a combination of deep and superficial thalamocortical responses. by injecting horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the md, hrp-labeled terminals were ... | 1992 | 1504793 |
| area 3a in the cat. ii. projections to the motor cortex and their relations to other corticocortical connections. | it is well known that area 3a in the cat may monosynaptically influence the activity of neurons in the motor cortex. much less information is available, however, on the anatomy of these connections. by using single or combined injections of different retrograde axonal tracers, we investigated the topography (horizontal and laminar) of area 3a neurons projecting to the motor cortex, and the anatomical relationships between these neurons and those projecting to other areas (2, 5, and sii) which, i ... | 1992 | 1506475 |
| effects of different methods of peripheral nerve repair on the number and distribution of muscle afferent neurons in rat dorsal root ganglion. | the effects of three methods of peripheral nerve repair and normal controls were compared with respect to the number and distribution of muscle afferent nerve cell bodies from the extensor digitorum longus muscle in the dorsal root ganglia of the rat. nerves were repaired using one of three methods: 1) direct epineurial suture; 2) a three-strand cable graft; or 3) a coaxially aligned freeze-thawed autologous skeletal muscle graft. in all cases the number and distribution of muscle afferent nerve ... | 1992 | 1506894 |
| localization of neurons innervating the upper portion of the duodenum in the motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. | using the method of the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase and a microelectrode technique, a population of neurons sending axons to the upper portion of the duodenum was identified in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. it was established that the maximal number of such neurons was located 1.0-2.5 mm rostral to the obex. the effects of their stimulation on the electrical activity of the smooth muscles of the duodenum was studied. | 1992 | 1508335 |
| types of callosally projecting nonpyramidal neurons in rat visual cortex identified by lysosomal hrp retrograde labeling. | callosally projecting neurons, labeled following injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the 17/18a border of the contralateral hemisphere, have been examined by light and electron microscopy. these neurons exhibit two types of horseradish peroxidase labeling: either a diffuse, golgi-like labeling, or a granular, punctate labeling. the punctate type of hrp-labeling is the predominant form in nonpyramidal neurons, while pyramidal neurons frequently display either diffuse or punctate labeli ... | 1992 | 1510248 |
| studies of the mechanism of iron transport across the blood-brain barrier. | the mechanism by which iron enters the central nervous system from the blood is not well understood. iron in blood plasma is totally bound to transferrin (tf), a major plasma glycoprotein. tf receptors are present on the blood-brain barrier (bbb) endothelium. it is not known whether iron separates from tf during its passage across the endothelial cells and then enters the brain by another mechanism, or whether the two proteins enter the brain together. we characterize here the morphological path ... | 1992 | 1510380 |
| connections between the supratemporal and its rostral areas, and the posterior thalamic region in the monkey: a retrograde hrp study. | connections between the anterior half of the superior temporal gyrus (ts) and the supratemporal plane (stp) in the sylvian fissure, and the posterior thalamic region in the monkey were studied after retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). hrp injections into the ts resulted in labeled cells in the posterodorsal division of the principal medial geniculate complex (gmpd), the suprageniculate and limitans nuclei, and the medial part of the medial nucleus of the pulvinar complex. hrp i ... | 1992 | 1514381 |
| development of screening methods for detection of carbohydrate-binding proteins by use of soluble glycosylated polyacrylamide-based copolymers. | mammalian endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins) play fundamental roles in a variety of mechanisms of interactions both at the molecular and cellular levels. we have investigated the binding of one of them (human brain lectin) to soluble acrylamide copolymerized with derivatives of either lactose (o-beta-lactosyloxyallylallylaminoacrylamide copolymer) or d-mannose (d-alpha-mannosyloxyallylallylaminoacrylamide copolymer) in direct enzyme affinoassays, in an attempt to develop simple p ... | 1992 | 1514687 |
| successful xenografts of second trimester human fetal brain and retinal tissue in the anterior chamber of the eye of adult immunosuppressed rats. | successful xenografting of first trimester human fetal cns tissue and retina has been reported in the literature. we wished to test the feasibility of using the anterior chamber of the rat eye to support the development of more mature human fetal xenografts. here we report on the successful outcome of human brain and retinal transplants. adult host rats immunosuppressed with cyclosporin a accepted these xenografts and supported their further development. periodic examination of the host eyes usi ... | 1992 | 1515482 |
| medullary expiratory neurons in the decerebrate rat: an intracellular study. | intracellular recordings and labelings with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) of expiratory (e) neurons were performed in decerebrate, paralyzed, and ventilated rats. a total of 37 neurons were recorded, from which 4 cells and 1 axon were labeled. they were located in two regions of the ventrolateral medulla. one was in the rostral portion of the nucleus ambiguus just caudal to the facial nucleus, and the other in the nucleus retroambiguus at the level of the caudal medulla. these expiratory neurons ... | 1992 | 1515920 |
| serotonergic projections from the midbrain periaqueductal gray and nucleus raphe dorsalis to the nucleus parafascicularis of the thalamus. | by a double-labeling method combining the retrograde tracing of horseradish peroxidase and the immunocytochemical technique, serotonin-like immunoreactive neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (pag) and nucleus raphe dorsalis (dr) of the rat were observed to send projection fibers to the nucleus parafascicularis of the thalamus bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance. these serotonin-containing projecting neurons were observed mainly at the middle-caudal levels of the ventrolateral subdi ... | 1992 | 1515946 |
| affinity purification and affinity characterization of carbohydrate-binding proteins in bovine kidney. | ca(2+)-dependent carbohydrate-binding proteins were purified from bovine kidney by two-step affinity chromatography on fetuin and heparin columns and subsequent anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography. on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the purified fraction gave two protein bands corresponding to proteins of relative molecular mass 33,000 (p33) and 41,000 (p41), respectively. although the proteins had no haemogglutinating activities towards human and ra ... | 1992 | 1517336 |
| morphology of single vestibulospinal collaterals in the upper cervical spinal cord of the cat: i. collaterals originating from axons in the ventromedial funiculus contralateral to their cells of origin. | vestibulospinal neurons in the medial and descending vestibular nuclei have widespread bilateral terminations in the upper cervical spinal cord. these terminations arise from axons travelling in several funiculi, including the ventromedial, ventrolateral, lateral, and dorsolateral funiculi in addition to the dorsal columns. the purpose of the present study was to examine the morphology of single vestibulospinal collaterals which terminate in the upper cervical spinal cord and which originate fro ... | 1992 | 1517483 |
| discharge patterns of levator palpebrae superioris motoneurons during vertical lid and eye movements in the monkey. | 1. we recorded single-unit activity in the caudal central nucleus (ccn) of the oculomotor complex in monkeys trained to make vertical saccadic, smooth-pursuit, and fixation eye movements. we confirmed that our recordings were from motoneurons innervating the upper lid, because small lesions placed at the sites of responsive units were recovered among neurons labeled by horseradish peroxidase (hrp) injections into the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. 2. for fixations above a threshold lid pos ... | 1992 | 1517822 |
| discharge patterns in nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and adjacent medial vestibular nucleus during horizontal eye movement in behaving macaques. | 1. monkeys were trained to perform a variety of horizontal eye tracking tasks designed to reveal possible eye movement and vestibular sensitivities of neurons in the medulla. to test eye movement sensitivity, we required stationary monkeys to track a small spot that moved horizontally. to test vestibular sensitivity, we rotated the monkeys about a vertical axis and required them to fixate a target rotating with them to suppress the vestibuloocular reflex (vor). 2. all of the 100 units described ... | 1992 | 1517825 |
| photochemical amplification for horseradish peroxidase-mediated immunosorbent assay. | a new method for lowering the detection limit for a horseradish peroxidase (hrp) label in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is proposed. the method is based on the use of a photochemical reaction of o-phenylenediamine (o-pd) autosensitized oxidation as an enhancement step in elisa. the assay consists of two successive steps. the first step is a conventional hrp-mediated elisa, using high-purity o-pd as a substrate. at this step, an o-pd oxidation product, 2,3-diaminophenazine (dap), i ... | 1992 | 1519767 |
| aberrant retinal projections to midbrain targets mediate spared visual orienting function in hamsters with neonatal lesions of superior colliculus. | rodents, cats, and most nonmammalian vertebrates with bilateral tectal deafferentation or ablation in adulthood are extremely deficient at orienting to visual stimuli; yet animals with neonatal lesions of superficial layers of the superior colliculus (sc) show partial sparing of this response, particularly for targets in the central visual field. in this study, we sought to determine whether these spared orienting abilities are mediated by aberrant retinal projections to the remaining intermedia ... | 1992 | 1521619 |
| topographical mapping of sites of enhanced hrp permeability in the normal rabbit aorta. | the spatial distribution of sites of enhanced permeability to the macromolecule horseradish peroxidase (hrp) in the normal rabbit aorta after one min circulation was studied using image analysis. these sites, referred to as "hrp spots," exhibit a nonuniform distribution that is qualitatively similar in all rabbits studied. the density of hrp spots is highest in the aortic arch, decreases distally, reaches a minimum in the lower descending thoracic aorta, and then increases again in the abdominal ... | 1992 | 1522721 |
| reciprocal connections between the periaqueductal gray matter and other somatosensory regions of the cat midbrain: a possible mechanism of pain inhibition. | lectin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase was injected or implanted in crystalline form into various parts of the periaqueductal gray matter (pag) in the cat. after varying survival periods, the animals were fixed and the mesencephalon was sectioned and incubated for hrp histochemistry. outside pag, labelled cells and terminal labelling were observed in the cuneiform, parabrachial and intercollicular nuclei, in the deep and intermediate gray layers of the superior colliculus, in the anterior and ... | 1992 | 1523733 |
| brainstem reticular nuclei that project to the cerebellum in rats: a retrograde tracer study. | the nuclear origins of projections from the brainstem reticular formation to the cerebellum were examined using four retrograde tracer substances: horseradish peroxidase, wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, fluoro-gold, and rhodamine beads. tracer injections were made into each of the three major longitudinal zones of the cerebellar cortex (vermis, paravermal hemisphere, and lateral hemisphere) as well as into the various deep cerebellar nuclei. counts of retrogradely labeled ... | 1992 | 1524594 |
| thianthrene 5-oxide as a probe of the electrophilicity of hemoprotein oxidizing species. | thianthrene 5-oxide (t-5-o), which is oxidized to the 5,10- and 5,5-dioxides, respectively, by electrophilic and nucleophilic agents, has been used to determine the electronic properties of hemoprotein oxidizing species. cytochrome p450 oxidizes t-5-o to the 5,10- rather than the 5,5-dioxide but oxidizes the 5,5-dioxide rapidly and the 5,10-dioxide slowly to the 5,5,10-trioxide. chloroperoxidase oxidizes t-5-o to the 5,10-dioxide but very poorly oxidizes it further to the 5,5,10-trioxide. it doe ... | 1992 | 1525169 |
| schwann cell endocytosis: a role in nerve regeneration? | schwann cell plasma membrane vesicles have been shown to increase in numerical density after nerve injury but their function is unclear. in this study, ultrastructural tracers were micro-injected in vivo into crushed rat sciatic nerves after various time intervals to ascertain whether plasma membrane vesicles of schwann cells are involved in the uptake and utilization of molecules from the endoneurium during axonal regeneration and remyelination. horseradish peroxidase (hrp), a tracer of fluid-p ... | 1992 | 1528391 |
| immunocytochemical response of type a and type b intercalated cells to increased sodium chloride delivery. | two populations of intercalated cells, type a and type b, are present in the rat cortical collecting duct (ccd). type a cells are involved in proton secretion and contain an apical h(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (atpase) and a basolateral cl(-)-hco3- exchanger. type b cells are believed to be involved in hco3- secretion, which is mediated by a cl(-)-hco3- exchange process and is cl- dependent. the aim of this study was to examine the morphological and immunocytochemical response of type b intercal ... | 1992 | 1531733 |
| increased endocytotic and lysosomal activities in denervated type i and type ii muscle fibres. | previous work has shown that increased endocytotic and lysosomal activities occur in the endplate region of denervated skeletal muscle fibres. this, however, does not engage all fibres of a muscle at a given time after denervation. the present study was carried out in order to determine if both type i (slow) and type ii (fast) muscle fibres can react to denervation by increased endocytotic and lysosomal activities. uptake of horseradish peroxidase as a marker for endocytosis was studied in conju ... | 1992 | 1532958 |
| barriers to paracellular permeability in rabbit esophageal epithelium. | morphological and electrophysiological techniques were used to define the location and nature of the barriers to diffusion across the intercellular space (paracellular pathway) of rabbit esophageal epithelium. transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy coupled with histochemistry identified a series of tight junctions and an intercellular material staining positively for neutral and acidic glycoconjugates as likely barrier candidates. additional studies with lanthanum and horseradish ... | 1992 | 1537527 |
| detection of c-sis proto-oncogene transcripts by direct enzyme-labeled cdna probes and in situ hybridization. | using in situ hybridization and platelet-derived growth factor (pdgf) cdna probes labeled with horseradish peroxidase, pdgf-a and -b (c-cis proto-oncogene) mrna transcripts were identified and localized in proliferating cultures. a human retinal pigment epithelial (rpe) cell line and a glial cell line were treated with either transforming growth factor beta-1 (tgfb1), phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (pma), or thrombin from human plasma and compared for their ability to stimulate the production o ... | 1992 | 1537750 |
| pudendal nerve topography in the rat spinal cord projections studied with the axonal tracer wheat germ agglutinin conjugated-horseradish peroxidase. | the spinal cord termination of the sensory fibers of the rat pudendal nerve has been determined by using the transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin. the gross anatomical examination of the pudendal plexus indicated the existence of dorsal and ventral branches in the sensory division of the pudendal nerve. either branch or both were sectioned and exposed to a 1% solution of the enzyme. after an average survival period of 48 hours, the resulting rea ... | 1992 | 1538470 |
| localizing the site of hematuria by immunocytochemical staining of erythrocytes in urine. | we have further explored the immunocytochemical staining method to discriminate renal and nonrenal hematuria, reported by abrass and laird (am j kidney dis 1987;9: 44-50). after fixation on slides with acetone, erythrocytes in urine were stained with antiserum against human tamm-horsfall protein. reactions were made visible by using either a fluorescent second antibody or a biotinylated second antibody, avidin, and biotinylated horseradish peroxidase, producing an insoluble reaction product. the ... | 1992 | 1541003 |
| dysfunction and repair of the blood-retina barrier following white light exposure: a fluorophotometric and histologic study. | the purpose of this study was to pinpoint the site of blood-retina barrier disruption after white light exposure and determine the course of barrier repair. the retinas of 25 anaesthetized pigmented rabbits were exposed for 1 hr to the light of a xenon arc lamp filtered to eliminate ultraviolet and infrared light. the light intensities selected were near the threshold intensity causing visible retinal lesions in order to evaluate the function of the blood-retina barrier (brb) in this range. func ... | 1992 | 1541331 |
| the lamellar organization of the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata: distribution of projection neurons. | as a major output station of the basal ganglia, the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra has stimulated much interest. in the past two decades there has been a growing body of evidence for a partition of this structure into separate channels to express the striatal processing. to further our knowledge on the functional partitioning of the rodent substantia nigra pars reticulata, the regional distribution of the nigral efferent cell groups that provide innervation of thalamus, colliculus and t ... | 1992 | 1542412 |
| neurogenesis in the retinal ganglion cell layer of the rat. | the present study has examined the birthdates of neurons in the retinal ganglion cell layer of the adult rat. rat fetuses were exposed to tritiated thymidine in utero to label neurons departing the mitotic cycle at different gestational stages from embryonic days 12 through to 22. upon reaching adulthood, rats were either given unilateral injections of horseradish peroxidase into target visual nuclei in order to discriminate (1) ganglion cells from displaced amacrine cells, (2) decussating from ... | 1992 | 1542415 |
| cortical local circuit axons do not mature after early deafferentation. | the processes underlying development, refinement, and retention of the intracortical connections critical for the function of the mammalian brain are unknown. horseradish peroxidase-labeled fibers in mouse somatosensory barrel cortex, which is patterned like the whiskers on the contralateral face from which it receives inputs, were evaluated by automated image analysis. the sensory nerve to the whiskers was sectioned on postnatal day 7, after the whisker map is set. the deprived barrel cortices, ... | 1992 | 1542679 |
| the effect of botulinum toxin type d on the triggered and constitutive exocytosis/endocytosis cycles in cultures of bovine adrenal medullary cells. | the extracellular fluid phase marker, horseradish peroxidase, enters chromaffin cells when triggered to secrete catecholamine. this triggered uptake, like secretion, is abolished in cells pre-incubated with botulinum toxin. endocytosis of horseradish peroxidase into unstimulated cells is unaffected by botulinum toxin but is inhibited when the temperature is reduced. once internalised by the unstimulated cells, horseradish peroxidase is released back into the extracellular fluid, the rate of rele ... | 1992 | 1544431 |
| the source of protein in the aqueous humor of the normal monkey eye. | in vivo aqueous fluorophotometry, morphology, and computational modeling were combined to examine the source of protein and the pathway by which protein enters the aqueous humor of monkeys. a computational model was developed to determine the likelihood of a diffusional route for delivering plasma proteins from ciliary body capillaries via the iris to anterior chamber aqueous humor, bypassing the posterior chamber. model predictions were compared to aqueous fluorophotometric data obtained from m ... | 1992 | 1544784 |