| cefodizime given once daily for the treatment of upper urinary tract infections and complicated lower urinary tract infections. | the efficacy of cefodizime (cdz) in upper urinary tract infections (uuti) and complicated lower urinary tract infections (luti) was assessed by analysis of the combined results of five clinical trials. doses of cdz 1 g i.m. daily, 1 x 2 g i.v. or i.m. and 2 x 2 g i.v. were investigated; comparative agents were cefuroxime 3 x 1.5 g and ceftizoxime 1 x 2 g. median duration of treatment was seven days. a total of 544 patients, 61% of whom had uuti, entered the studies. four hundred twenty-two patie ... | 1992 | 1526670 |
| acute phlegmonous gastritis with mural abscess: ct diagnosis. | | 1992 | 1529840 |
| histogenesis of bile duct-like cells proliferating during ethionine hepatocarcinogenesis. evidence for a biliary epithelial nature of oval cells. | the origin of bile duct-like cells (oval cells) proliferating during chemical hepatocarcinogenesis is highly controversial. to illuminate this issue, we induced oval cell proliferation by feeding rats a choline-devoid diet containing 0.1% ethionine (cde), a hepatocarcinogenic diet, for up to 60 days. at various times we studied 1) oval cell morphology by light and electron microscopy, 2) the immunohistochemical expression of albumin and intermediate filament proteins by the various hepatic cells ... | 1992 | 1538592 |
| modulation of macrophage hyperactivity improves survival in a burn-sepsis model. | macrophage hyperactivity with increased production of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, interleukin 1, and prostaglandins has been demonstrated in the injured patient, but the effect of this on the clinical outcome is unclear. we studied the effect of combination interleukin 1 beta and indomethacin sodium therapy on macrophage hyperactivity and survival after sepsis in a murine burn model. macrophage interleukin 1, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha production were all significan ... | 1992 | 1540091 |
| modulation of effects of lipopolysaccharide on macrophages by a major outer membrane protein of proteus mirabilis as measured in a chemiluminescence assay. | our previous studies have shown that a major protein isolated from purified cell walls of proteus mirabilis (39-kda protein) is a strong modulator of the specific immune responses to lipopolysaccharide (lps) from this bacterium. when the protein is mixed with lps before immunization of mice, the responses of antibody-producing cells specific for lps are greatly enhanced and converted predominantly to the immunoglobulin g isotype. in the present study, the immunomodulating effects of the 39-kda p ... | 1992 | 1541521 |
| fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry for bacterial chemotaxonomy: influence of culture age, growth temperature, gaseous environment and extraction technique. | extracted phospholipids of escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and enterobacter cloacae were examined by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry which yielded major peaks between m/z 225 and 761. the result of extracting freeze-dried or 'wet' cells showed that freeze-drying may be omitted although weighing of dried cells offers a useful means of standardizing the extraction procedure. anaerobic growth quantitatively altered the chemical finger-print as a result of increase in ratio of saturated: ... | 1992 | 1541603 |
| [evaluation of the so-called basic cephalosporins using the serum bactericidal test]. | the serum bactericidal activity (sba) was studied one hour and four hours after intravenous administration of 1 g and 2 g cefotiam, 1.5 g cefuroxime and 2 g cefazolin to six volunteers. the 136 clinical isolates tested included staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis and haemophilus influenzae. one hour after administration no significant differences in the activity against staphylococci were noted in the antibiotics tested. f ... | 1992 | 1542283 |
| detection by elisa of low numbers of shiga-like toxin-producing escherichia coli in mixed cultures after growth in the presence of mitomycin c. | techniques currently available to detect shiga-like toxin (slt)-producing escherichia coli lack sensitivity or require specialised equipment and facilities, and in some cases detect only strains belonging to serotype o157. we have used an elisa technique, capable of detecting both slti and sltii with crude p1 glycoprotein from hydatid cysts, in combination with enhancement of toxin production by culture with mitomycin c. supernates of tryptone soya broth cultures containing mitomycin c 200 ng/ml ... | 1992 | 1548693 |
| iga antibody response to klebsiella in ankylosing spondylitis measured by immunoblotting. | iga antibodies to klebsiella pneumoniae var oxytoca and proteus mirabilis were measured in 66 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (as) and 31 with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and in 51 healthy control subjects, using an immunoblotting technique. the number of antigenic bands to klebsiella on nitrocellulose membrane was higher in 28 patients with active as than in 38 patients with inactive as, 31 patients with ra, and 51 healthy control subjects; comparatively smaller increases were found against ... | 1992 | 1550409 |
| recombinant human tnf-alpha: preclinical studies and results from early clinical trials. | the application of recombinant dna technology to the production of tumor necrosis factor has resulted in the availability of large quantities of a highly purified protein product. this product has been evaluated extensively in preclinical studies, which have documented a direct cytostatic and cytotoxic effect on human tumor cells, as well as a variety of immunomodulatory effects on various immune effector cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and t cells. in addition, a number of anti-infec ... | 1992 | 1550875 |
| interactions of poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted cellulose membranes with proteins and platelets. | the interactions of proteins and platelets with cellulose membranes grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) were studied. the poly(ethylene glycol) grafting was carried out using poly(ethylene glycol)-monoacid and poly(ethylene glycol)-diacid, which have one and two terminal carboxyl groups, respectively. the grafting operates through esterification between the carboxyl groups of poly(ethylene glycol) and the hydroxyl groups on the membrane surface. both of the poly(ethylene glycol) grafted membranes ... | 1992 | 1550895 |
| capsule structure of proteus mirabilis (atcc 49565). | proteus mirabilis 2573 (atcc 49565) produces an acidic capsular polysaccharide which was shown from glycose analysis, carboxyl reduction, methylation, periodate oxidation, and the application of one dimensional and two-dimensional high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance techniques to be a high-molecular-weight polymer of branched trisaccharide units composed of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose (n-acetyl-d-glucosamine), 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-l-galactose (n-acetyl-l-fucosamine), and d-glucuronic ... | 1992 | 1551839 |
| protection by a polyvalent vaccine against challenge infection and pyelonephritis. | the protective effect of immunization with a polyvalent vaccine (solcourovac) was studied in the mouse and the rat. the i.m. immunization increased the resistance of mice to challenge infection with all homologous strains of bacteria. the ld50 values for e. coli, proteus mirabilis and streptococcus were 3.5-4.5 times and that of klebsiella as much as 600 times that in nonimmunized mice. protection against challenge with heterologous e. coli was also achieved and persisted for about 20 weeks. imm ... | 1992 | 1553795 |
| anti-proteus antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis same-sexed sibships. | one hundred and forty-two ra patients and 121 of their healthy same-sexed siblings were tested for antibodies (abs) to proteus mirabilis and escherichia coli by indirect immunofluorescence. eighty-five individuals had active ra (crp greater than 10 mg/l) and 57 inactive ra. the anti-proteus ab titre in the active ra group was significantly higher than in the inactive ra and non-ra group (p less than 0.0001 in both cases). anti-proteus abs were significantly elevated in 30 individuals with active ... | 1992 | 1555039 |
| purification and characterization of a tryptic peptide of borrelia burgdorferi flagellin, which reduces cross-reactivity in immunoblots and elisa. | in man the early immune response in lyme disease is primarily directed against the endoflagellin antigen. isolated flagellar protein of borrelia burgdorferi suggests itself as a suitable test antigen. however, cross-reactivity between flagellins of b. burgdorferi, escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, proteus mirabilis and salmonella typhimurium was demonstrated by immunoblotting and elisa with polyclonal rabbit-hyperimmune-sera. tryptic cleavage of recombinant b. burgdorferi 41 kda flagellin, ex ... | 1992 | 1556546 |
| recombination and uv resistance of escherichia coli with the cloned reca and recbcd genes of serratia marcescens and proteus mirabilis: evidence for an advantage of intraspecies combination of p. mirabilis reca protein and recbcd enzyme. | in escherichia coli, constituents of the main recombination pathway are provided by the genes reca (reca protein) and recbcd (recbcd enzyme). recombination in conjugation experiments and repair of uv damage of e. coli mutants deleted for reca, for recbcd or for reca plus recbcd were restored, although to different degrees, by the cloned reca and recbcd genes from serratia marcescens or proteus mirabilis. when both recombination enzymes were from the same species, repair and recombination efficie ... | 1992 | 1556554 |
| quantitative separation of bacteria in saline solution using lanthanide er(iii) and a magnetic field. | a trivalent lanthanide ion, erbium (er3+), has been used in combination with a magnetic separation technique to isolate seven bacterial species from suspensions in 0.9% saline. erbium has an exceptionally high atomic magnetic moment of 9.3 bohr magnetons, and following addition as ercl3 (final concentration 5 mm) to bacterial suspensions, it imparts the magnetic moment to the bacterial cells by ionic binding to the cell surface. strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabil ... | 1992 | 1556557 |
| [emphysematous cystitis. apropos of a case]. | emphysematous cystitis is a rare complication of lower urinary tract infection, occurring almost exclusively in diabetic women. the prognosis, usually good, depends on early diagnosis and prompt treatment which consists of urinary drainage, antibiotic therapy and strict blood glucose control. the authors report a case of emphysematous cystitis diagnosed on laparotomy for acute abdomen. death occurred despite treatment. | 1992 | 1558371 |
| comparative activity of meropenem (sm-7338) against major respiratory pathogens and amikacin-resistant nosocomial isolates. | meropenem, a new broad-spectrum carbapenem antibiotic, demonstrated excellent in vitro activity against major respiratory pathogens including moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae. minimal inhibitory concentrations of meropenem for moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae isolates were frequently less than those of imipenem. for nosocomial amikacin-resistant gram-negative bacilli, meropenem had eightfold lower mic90 values compared to imipenem against ... | 1992 | 1563388 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneously administered u40 and u100 formulations of regular human insulin. | action profiles of 12 u of regular human insulin (actrapid hm) administered subcutaneously as a u40 or u100 formulation were studied. euglycaemic glucose clamps were performed on two separate days in 8 healthy subjects (basal i.v. insulin infusion 0.1 mu/kg/min, plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/l, mean +/- sd age 25 +/- 2 years, bmi 22.7 +/- 1.4 kg/m2). serum insulin concentrations increased after injection of u40 or u100 from similar baseline values to maximal individual concentrations of 305 +/- 79 vs. ... | 1992 | 1563532 |
| bending and twisting of an in vivo coronary artery at a bifurcation. | dynamic changes in the geometric shape and dimensions of a left coronary artery tree were extracted from the computer-tomographically reconstructed three-dimensional images of an in situ beating heart of an anesthetized dog. wireframe models of the left coronary artery tree at 16 different instants of a cardiac cycle were constructed for the study of its flexing motion. for quantifying the local bending and twisting of the left coronary artery tree, the anatomic landmarks of the bifurcation poin ... | 1992 | 1564062 |
| effectiveness of cefetamet pivoxil in the treatment of pyelonephritis in children. | cefetamet pivoxil was investigated in an open, randomized comparative study involving a total of 37 children with acute pyelonephritis, whose ages ranged from 2 to 14 years. the patients received either 10 mg/kg (n = 18) or 20 mg/kg (n = 8) cefetamet pivoxil twice daily, or 30-50 mg/kg amoxycillin/clavulanic acid three times daily (n = 11) for a period of 7-10 days. escherichia coli was the main causative agent isolated in 28 (75.7%) of the patients; other pathogens included proteus mirabilis (t ... | 1992 | 1568523 |
| microbial adherence on poly(methyl methacrylate) (pmma) surfaces. | infection remains a major complication following the use of implanted biomaterials. often these infections are caused by low-virulence organisms or by a mixture of organisms (polymicrobial). in this study two methods were used to quantitate the bacteria which had adhered to poly(methyl methacrylate) (pmma) samples. the bacteria were eluted from the sample using an ultrasonic cleaner. the number eluted was then counted by colony counts, which determines viable organisms and by particle counting w ... | 1992 | 1569113 |
| urinary tract infections in patients with diabetes mellitus. | we have endeavoured to determine whether there is any difference in the bacteriological pattern of uti and the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the pathogens concerned between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. over a period of 1 year, a total of 287 diabetic patients (221 females and 66 males) with community-acquired and nosocomial urinary tract infections were studied. there were 265 patients (228 females and 37 males) without any predisposition to urinary tract infections (uti) and who ser ... | 1992 | 1569307 |
| [evaluation of the atb 32 e system for automated identification of enterobacteriaceae]. | a new automated system ensuring identification of enterobacteriaceae within four hours was evaluated using 269 routine isolates, comparatively with the techniques routinely used in the laboratory. the atb 32 e system correctly identified 96% (258/270) of strains and yielded incorrect results for 4% (11/269) of strains. atb 32 e is a reliable system which is easy to use in everyday laboratory work. | 1992 | 1570187 |
| [the mechanisms of proteus mirabilis resistance to the bactericidal action of blood serum]. | when studying sensitivity of proteus mirabilis to bactericide effect of blood serum the resistance to alternative way of the complement activation was found in a number of strains. the population of cells with morphologically determinable changes of the surface structures resistant to bactericide effect of the serum is formed as affected by the blood serum of the culture p. mirabilis. proteus proteases capable to inactivate the complement components are one of the factors of p. mirabilis resista ... | 1992 | 1584090 |
| proteinases of proteus spp.: purification, properties, and detection in urine of infected patients. | the proteinases secreted by pathogenic strains of proteus mirabilis, p. vulgaris biotype 2, p. vulgaris biotype 3, and p. penneri were purified with almost 100% recovery by affinity chromatography on phenyl-sepharose followed by anion-exchange chromatography. the proteinase purified from the urinary tract pathogen p. mirabilis, which we had previously shown to degrade immunoglobulins a and g, appeared as a composite of a single band and a double band (53 and 50 kda, respectively) on sodium dodec ... | 1992 | 1587593 |
| asymptomatic bacteriuria, urinary antibody, and survival in the institutionalized elderly. | to compare clinical status of elderly institutionalized subjects with asymptomatic bacteriuria and normal urinary antibody to those with elevated urinary antibody to the major outer membrane of escherichia coli. | 1992 | 1587980 |
| adhesion of proteus mirabilis and proteus vulgaris to uroepithelial cells following exposure to various antimicrobial agents. | the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of netilmicin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, aztreonam and piperacillin on the adherence of proteus species to uroepithelial cells was examined. bacterial adhesion to human uroepithelial cells, measured microscopically, was affected by all five antibiotics but to different extents. the most effective was netilmicin. there was a correlation between the decreased rate of bacterial attachment and morphological changes in the drug-exposed bacteria. | 1992 | 1588844 |
| ru 29 246, the active compound of the cephalosporin-prodrug-ester hr 916. i. antibacterial activity in vitro. | the aminothiazolyl-cephalosporin ru 29 246 is the active metabolite of the prodrug-pivaloyl-oxyethyl-ester hr 916. ru 29 246 in vitro activity includes a wide range of clinically relevant bacterial pathogens. against methicillin-sensitive staphylococci ru 29 246 (mic90 of 0.25 approximately 2 micrograms/ml) was clearly more active than cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, cefixime and ceftibuten, but slightly less active than cefdinir. ru 29 246 inhibited hemolytic streptococci of the serogroups a ... | 1992 | 1592683 |
| psoas abscess: case report and review of the literature. | psoas muscle abscess is rare and presents a diagnostic challenge requiring a high index of suspicion. we report an unusual case of primary psoas abscess caused by proteus mirabilis. primary psoas abscess is most commonly present in children and is usually caused by staphylococcus aureus. a total of 434 cases of psoas abscess has been reported. the subject is discussed noting the differences between primary and secondary cases, and emphasizing the importance of ultrasound and computerized tomogra ... | 1992 | 1593704 |
| [xerophthalmia in liver cirrhosis. correct diagnosis after 15 years]. | the clinical features of xerophthalmia are described in a 60-year-old patient, who was known to have alcoholic cirrhosis. in this patient, vitamin a deficiency, which presumably had been overlooked for 15 years, was confirmed by determination of the serum vitamin a level. after substitutive vitamin a therapy, superficial punctate keratitis and conjunctival xerosis disappeared completely. although xerophthalmia has only sporadically been described in developed countries, we point out that the pos ... | 1992 | 1594182 |
| the highest gene concentrations in the human genome are in telomeric bands of metaphase chromosomes. | chromosome in situ suppression hybridization has been carried out on human metaphase chromosomes to localize the g+c-richest human dna fraction (which only represents 3.5% of the genome), as isolated by preparative equilibrium centrifugation in cs2so4/3,6-bis(acetatomercurimethyl)-1,4-dioxane density gradient. this fraction essentially corresponds to isochore family h3. the rationale for carrying out this experiment is that this isochore family has, by far, the highest gene concentration, the hi ... | 1992 | 1594593 |
| crossmodal changes in the somatosensory vibrissa/barrel system of visually deprived animals. | cats deprived of vision from birth adapt remarkably well to their situation and show little behavioral impairment. they seem to compensate for their lack of vision by relying more on their auditory and tactile senses. we report here that the facial vibrissae, which are most important for tactile orientation in many animals, show supernormal growth in both cats and mice that have been deprived of vision from birth. furthermore, the whisker representation in the somatosensory cortical barrel field ... | 1992 | 1594614 |
| transforming growth factor beta induces myoblast differentiation in the presence of mitogens. | transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgf-beta 1) added to l6e9 rat skeletal myoblasts in mitogen-rich medium induces a rapid decrease in c-myc expression and delays progression through the g1 phase of the cell cycle. this growth inhibitory response is followed by cell commitment to terminal differentiation with elevated expression of myogenin muscle determination genes, induction of muscle-specific proteins, and formation of multinucleated myotubes. these results suggest that tgf-beta 1 may act as ... | 1992 | 1594628 |
| wild running elicited by microinjections of bicuculline or morphine into the inferior colliculus of rats: lack of effect of periaqueductal gray lesions. | bicuculline methiodide, a gabaa receptor antagonist, or a high dose of morphine was injected at the same site within the inferior colliculus (ic) of rats. both drugs elicited the same behavioral activity (wild running). however, the time course and magnitude of the effects of the two drugs differed. since the behavioral activation elicited was reminiscent of what was found with microinjections of bicuculline methiodide or morphine into the periaqueductal gray (pag), we lesioned the pag in anothe ... | 1992 | 1594640 |
| daily rhythmicity of the rat acoustic startle response. | we have measured the acoustic startle response (asr) amplitude and latency in rats housed in a 12:12 light:dark (ld) cycle. the response amplitudes to eliciting stimuli (es) of 110 db or 120 db (white noise) were significantly higher (nearly two-fold) during d than during l. similar, but nonsignificant, trends were also observed at es intensities of 90 db or 100 db. while some significant ld asr latency differences were observed, we cannot ascribe them to the photoperiodic phase at this time. th ... | 1992 | 1594689 |
| infectious aneurysm of a mesenteric artery branch in a young patient. | | 1992 | 1599551 |
| dispersive flight by triatoma infestans under natural climatic conditions in argentina. | male and female t. infestans were released on two consecutive nights in the salinas of cordoba province, argentina, when air temperatures during the flying period averaged 28.5 degrees c. 136 males (43% of the total released) and 170 females (57%) flew on the first night, and 6 males (18%) and 7 females (27%) on the second. of these, we recovered 23 males and 14 females within 100 m, and a further female within 200 m, all from the first night's release. the remainder appear to have flown more th ... | 1992 | 1600228 |
| in vitro activity of cefquinome, a new cephalosporin, compared with other cephalosporin antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of cefquinome, a new aminothiazolyl cephalosporin with a c-3 bicyclic pyridinium group, was compared with ceftazidime, cefpirome, and cefepime. cefquinome inhibited members of the enterobacteriaceae at less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml for escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, k. oxytoca, citrobacter diversus, salmonella shigella, proteus mirabilis, morganella, and providencia. although most citrobacter freundii and enterobacter cloacae were inhibited by less than 2 ... | 1992 | 1611848 |
| purification of recombinant helicobacter pylori urease apoenzyme encoded by urea and ureb. | helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral-shaped bacterium, is an etiologic agent of human gastritis and peptic ulceration and is highly restricted to the gastric mucosa of humans. urease, synthesized at up to 6% of the soluble cell protein, hydrolyzes urea, thereby releasing ammonia, which may neutralize acid, allowing survival of the bacterium and initial colonization of the gastric mucosa. the urease protein is encoded by two subunit genes, urea and ureb; however, accessor ... | 1992 | 1612735 |
| review of the in vitro antibacterial activity of cefprozil, a new oral cephalosporin. | cefprozil is a newer oral cephalosporin with a spectrum of activity against organisms that include gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. a review of published data shows that cefprozil is active (susceptibility, less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml; moderate susceptibility, 16 micrograms/ml; resistance, greater than or equal to 32 micrograms/ml) against gram-positive species such as streptococci, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, and listeria monocytogenes; it may have marginal activi ... | 1992 | 1617037 |
| in vitro activity of loracarbef and effects of susceptibility test methods. | loracarbef is a new oral antimicrobial of the carbacephem class with in vitro activity against the common pathogens associated with skin infections, otitis media, sinusitis, bronchopulmonary infections, and urinary tract infections. a review of the literature shows the following ranges for 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (mic90) values (microgram/ml) against the organisms that commonly cause these illnesses: streptococcus pneumoniae, 0.25-2.0; moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis (beta-lacta ... | 1992 | 1621748 |
| six cases of scleritis associated with systemic infection. | isolated scleritis (without keratitis) associated with infections is uncommon, and correct diagnosis and appropriate therapy for it are often delayed. six patients with infection-associated scleritis were seen at our institution between may 1983 and may 1990 (these patients represented 4.6% of all patients with scleritis [six of 130 patients] in that period). three of these cases were associated with systemic infections. one was associated with syphilis, one was associated with tuberculosis, and ... | 1992 | 1621786 |
| klebsiella aerogenes urease gene cluster: sequence of ured and demonstration that four accessory genes (ured, uree, uref, and ureg) are involved in nickel metallocenter biosynthesis. | the region located immediately upstream from the klebsiella aerogenes urease structural genes was sequenced and shown to possess an open reading frame capable of encoding a 29.8-kda peptide. deletions were generated in this gene, denoted ured, and in each of the genes (uree, uref, and ureg) located immediately downstream of the three structural genes. transformation of the mutated plasmids into escherichia coli resulted in high levels of urease expression, but the enzyme was inactive (deletions ... | 1992 | 1624427 |
| production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody to the o-acetylated peptidoglycan of proteus mirabilis. | a monoclonal antibody (pmpg5-3) specific for the o-acetylated peptidoglycan of proteus mirabilis 19 was produced by an ns-1 myeloma cell line and purified from ascites fluid by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation and affinity chromatography. the monoclonal antibody (an immunoglobulin m) was characterized by a competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to be equally specific for both insoluble and soluble o-acetylated peptidoglycan but weakly recognized chemically de-o-acetylated p ... | 1992 | 1629161 |
| in vitro activation of the serratia marcescens hemolysin through modification and complementation. | the hemolytic activity of serratia marcescens is determined by two polypeptides, termed shla and shlb. shla is synthesized as an inactive precursor (shla*) and secreted with the help of shlb, which is located in the outer membrane. in this study, it is shown that a cell lysate containing shlb as well as partially purified shlb converted shla* to the active shla hemolysin. shla remained active after removal of shlb by column chromatography. in contrast to the stable modification of shla* by shlb, ... | 1992 | 1629165 |
| [hairy cell leukemia successfully treated with 2'-deoxycoformycin following refractoriness to splenectomy and alpha-interferon therapy]. | a 34-year-old man was admitted in may, 1989 because of severe left upper abdominal pain, which was caused by advanced splenomegaly. on initial examinations, peripheral blood showed leukocytosis (13,400/ml) including 60% hairy cell which also infiltrated in bone marrow (64%). the patient was diagnosed as having hairy cell leukemia (japanese type) of b-cell lineage. splenectomy was performed as an initial treatment. the effect of splenectomy was only palliative and transient leukocytosis progresse ... | 1992 | 1635172 |
| [etiological and physiopathological significance of endothelin activity in essential hypertension]. | | 1992 | 1635213 |
| potential for local and systemic bacterial infection in some occupational groups in benin city, nigeria. | many third world countries may not have adequate facilities for rapid sensitivity testing of antibiotics as an aid to diagnosis and chemotherapy. it may therefore be valuable to relate bacterial carriage on the skin to type of work a person does. | 1992 | 1636931 |
| ofloxacin versus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection. | a multicenter randomized study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of ofloxacin with that of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx) in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection in adults. patients were randomized to receive either oral ofloxacin 200 mg daily for three days (102 patients), or oral tmp/smx 160 mg/800 mg twice daily for seven days (100 patients). the pathogen was eradicated in 73 (97.3%) of the 75 evaluable patients receiving ofloxacin and in 66 (97.1%) o ... | 1992 | 1638586 |
| comparative in vitro activities of amoxicillin-clavulanate, ampicillin-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam against strains of escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis harbouring known beta-lactamases. | strains of escherichia coli (n = 124) and proteus mirabilis (n = 29) harboring known beta-lactamases were analyzed as to their susceptibility to ampicillin, amoxicillin, and piperacillin alone and in combination with sulbactam, clavulanate, and tazobactam. with tem 1-producing e. coli, a correlation between specific beta-lactamase activity and the mic of piperacillin and ampicillin-sulbactam was observed. these strains also showed significant differences in susceptibilities to the various combin ... | 1991 | 1646771 |
| the reca-recbcd dependent recombination pathways of serratia marcescens and proteus mirabilis in escherichia coli: functions of hybrid enzymes and hybrid pathways. | the physical maps of cloned recbcd gene regions of serratia marcescens and proteus mirabilis were correlated to genes located in this region. the genes thya, recc, recb, recd and arga were organized as in escherichia coli. the 3 rec genes code for the 3 different subunits of the recbcd enzyme and produced enzymes promoting recombination and repair of uv damage in e coli. the recbcd-dependent stimulation of recombination at specific nucleotide sequences called chi (chi-activation) was determined ... | 1991 | 1655050 |
| transposon mutagenesis in proteus mirabilis. | a technique of transposon mutagenesis involving the use of tn5 on a suicide plasmid was developed for proteus mirabilis. analysis of the resulting exconjugants indicated that tn5 transposed in p. mirabilis at a frequency of ca. 4.5 x 10(-6) per recipient cell. the resulting mutants were stable and retained the transposon-encoded antibiotic resistance when incubated for several generations under nonselective conditions. the frequency of auxotrophic mutants in the population, as well as dna-dna hy ... | 1991 | 1655704 |
| effects of dietary calcium, magnesium and phosphorus on the formation of struvite stones in the urinary tract of rats. | after feeding various diets we studied the effects of dietary calcium, magnesium and phosphorus on the formation of struvite stones in rats with urinary tract infections, and also studied the effects of the administration of vitamin d3 and aluminium gel on stone formation. a low-magnesium diet decreased urinary magnesium and prevented stone formation, but a medium-calcium diet did not significantly decrease stone weight. a high-calcium diet decreased urinary phosphorus and inhibited stone format ... | 1991 | 1659017 |
| pathogenesis of intraabdominal abscess formation: abscess-potentiating agents and inhibition of complement-dependent opsonization of abscess-inducing bacteria. | bacteroides fragilis and escherichia coli are synergistic in the production of intraabdominal abscesses. however, these bacteria initiate abscess formation only when inoculated with an agent such as autoclaved colonic contents (acc) or bran (a fiber analogue). the mechanism of action of the abscess-potentiating agent was studied. opsonins in normal mouse serum were determined for phagocytic killing by murine neutrophils of b. fragilis and e. coli. opsonization required fixation of complement by ... | 1991 | 1659600 |
| [an electron microscopic study of the interaction of bacterial intestinal microflora and rotavirus virions]. | transmission electron microscopy has revealed the capacity of rotaviruses for adsorption on escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis cells and the absence of such capacity with respect to enterococcus faecalis, lactobacillus casei and edwardsiella tarda. different degrees and a varying character of the adsorption of rotaviruses by the representatives of the opportunistic group of bacteria have been established, which may aggravate the course of rotavirus diarrhea due to the agg ... | 1991 | 1661985 |
| pyrophosphate inhibition of proteus mirabilis-induced struvite crystallization in vitro. | struvite (mgnh4po4.6h2o) crystals, the major mineral component of infectious urinary calculi, were produced in vitro by growth of a clinical isolate of proteus mirabilis in artificial urine. p. mirabilis growth and urease-induced struvite production were monitored by phase contrast light microscopy and measurements of urease activity, ph, ammonia concentrations, turbidity, and culture viability. in the absence of pyrophosphate, struvite crystals appeared within 3-5 h due to the urease-induced el ... | 1991 | 1663844 |
| mouse models of short- and long-term foreign body in the urinary bladder: analogies to the bladder segment of urinary catheters. | catheter-associated bacteriuria is the most common infection occurring in hospitals, where urethral catheters are generally in place for a few days, and in nursing homes, where catheters may be in place for months or years. we developed murine models with intrabladder urinary catheters for studying complications of bacteriuria in short- and long-term catheterization. in the short-term model, a catheter segment was inserted transurethrally and lay free within the bladder lumen. half of the animal ... | 1991 | 1666147 |
| proteus mirabilis flagella and mr/p fimbriae: isolation, purification, n-terminal analysis, and serum antibody response following experimental urinary tract infection. | urinary tract infection with proteus mirabilis may lead to serious complications, including cystitis, acute pyelonephritis, fever, bacteremia, and death. in addition to the production of hemolysin and the enzyme urease, fimbriae and flagellum-mediated motility have been postulated as virulence factors for this species. we purified mannose-resistant/proteuslike (mr/p) fimbriae and flagella from strains cft322 and hu2450, respectively. electron microscopy revealed highly concentrated preparations ... | 1991 | 1680106 |
| antigenic and immunogenic activity of flagella and fimbriae preparations from uropathogenic proteus mirabilis. | the antigenic and immunogenic activities of fimbriae and flagella from three uropathogenic strains of proteus mirabilis were compared. flagella were obtained by mechanical treatment and fimbriae were isolated from cells by heat shock, ammonium sulfate precipitation, sodium deoxycholate and urea treatment, and gel filtration. both preparations inoculated to mice demonstrated high antigenicity. titers up to 1:80,000 were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay either against the homolog ... | 1991 | 1680542 |
| long-acting chloramphenicol versus intravenous ampicillin for treatment of bacterial meningitis. | in most developing countries, bacterial meningitis (bm) is associated with a high case-fatality rate. the search for a simple, convenient, and inexpensive antibiotic treatment remains a priority. in this study, a non-blinded, multicentre, randomised clinical trial of 528 cases of bm was done in two hospitals in mali and niger, between march, 1989, and may, 1990, to see whether a double injection of long-acting chloramphenicol (on admission to hospital and 48 h later) is as effective as a course ... | 1991 | 1681224 |
| ability of uropathogens to bind to tamm horsfall protein-coated renal tubular cells. | epithelial cells were isolated from a healthy human kidney and found to be of normal, renal tubular origin. the cells were maintained in tissue culture and found to secrete tamm horsfall protein (thp). three strains of uropathogenic escherichia coli, and one each of proteus mirabilis and pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to adhere to the thp-coated tubular cells. extraneous thp bound to all the organisms except p fimbriated e. coli, and caused a reduction in the adhesion of type 1 fimbriated e. ... | 1991 | 1683041 |
| antimicrobial activities of piperacillin alone and in combination with tazobactam against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. | tazobactam (ytr 830), a new beta-lactamase inhibitor, was evaluated for its effect in combination with piperacillin, a broad spectrum, but beta-lactamase sensitive, penicillin, against 14 common bacteria. a total of 1,086 clinical isolates from different clinical specimens were tested for beta-lactamase production by the rapid chromogenic cephalosporin method. their susceptibilities to piperacillin alone and in combination with tazobactam in a ratio of 8:1 by the agar dilution method were evalua ... | 1991 | 1685175 |
| fimbrial types among respiratory isolates belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae. | bacterial attachment is believed to be an early step in gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia. the frequency of fimbria-associated adhesins among respiratory pathogens has not been studied in detail. in this study isolates belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae, prospectively obtained from intensive care unit patients who were suspected of having nosocomial pneumonia, were examined for fimbria-associated adhesins. type 3, p, type 1, and other fimbrial phenotypes were identified by specific hema ... | 1991 | 1685495 |
| receptors for human plasminogen on gram-negative bacteria. | a total of 188 strains representing 11 species of gram-negative bacteria were examined for the ability to interact with human plasminogen. highly purified human plasminogen was labeled with 125i, and its uptake by different bacterial strains was measured. all 14 strains of haemophilus influenzae and all 13 strains of branhamella catarrhalis tested were positive with respect to plasminogen uptake. also, eight species belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae were tested, and of those, proteus mi ... | 1990 | 1688419 |
| hlyb-dependent secretion of hemolysin by uropathogenic escherichia coli requires conserved sequences flanking the chromosomal hly determinant. | the synthesis and secretion of hemolysin (hlya) by escherichia coli are governed by four contiguous genes (hlycabd) that are closely conserved on plasmids and, among human pathogenic strains, on the chromosome. we have previously shown that in plasmid phly152 the coexpressed synthesis and export functions are uncoupled by intraoperon transcription termination, which is in turn alleviated by antitermination dictated in cis by a region upstream of the hly operon. in this study we describe an analo ... | 1990 | 1689714 |
| sandwich enzyme immunoassays for detection of salmonella typhi. | enzyme immunoassays were developed using monoclonal antibodies raised against somatic (o), flagellar (h) and capsular (vi) antigens of salmonella typhi. the assay based on anti-o monoclonal antibodies could specifically detect s. typhi and soluble lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from s. typhi. anti-h moabs detected motile s. typhi and soluble flagellar antigen. monoclonal antibodies against capsular polysaccharide could detect vi-containing s. typhi as well as soluble vi antigen. the three ass ... | 1990 | 1693382 |
| cloning, partial sequence, expression, and antigenic analysis of the filamentous hemagglutinin gene of bordetella pertussis. | the gene coding for the filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), one of the main factors involved in mediating adherence of bordetella pertussis to ciliated host cells, was cloned in escherichia coli, and the 3,500-base-pair nucleotide sequence encoding the amino-terminal region was determined. molecular cloning, together with the characterization of recombinant fha-related proteins produced in e. coli, revealed that the primary translation product is a protein of about 370 kilodaltons (kda). the mature ... | 1990 | 1696934 |
| early kinase c dependent events in aging human diploid fibroblasts. | two early kinase c dependent events, the induction of c-fos transcription and the phosphorylation of an 87 kda protein, were investigated in aging imr 90 human diploid fibroblasts. c-fos induction and 87-kda protein phosphorylation were similarly regulated in aging cells and their young counterparts. the data suggests that g0 exit or the competence phenomenon is intact in aging cells and that the proliferative block occurs later in g0/s. | 1990 | 1698234 |
| somatostatin inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion via a neural mechanism. | the mechanism of inhibition of pancreatic exocrine secretion by somatostatin is unknown. we hypothesized that somatostatin acts indirectly, via intrinsic pancreatic neurons, to inhibit pancreatic exocrine secretion. to test this hypothesis, amylase and volume outputs in response to secretin (10(-8) mol/l) and cholecystokinin octapeptide (cck) (10(-8) mol/l) were studied in the rat isolated, perfused, pancreas model. somatostatin (10(-7) mol/l) significantly inhibited amylase output by 48% compar ... | 1990 | 1698248 |
| monoclonal antibodies detecting discrete epitopes of human perforin. | perforin is a cytolytic protein of natural killer (nk) cells and cytotoxic t cells (ctl). purified perforin has been shown to cause cell lysis and to form stable pores in the target cell membrane, but its relevance to cytolysis in vivo is not clear. the gene for human perforin has been cloned, but monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have not been available. in order to study further its role in cytotoxicity, we have generated mabs to different regions of human perforin. four mabs were produced from mic ... | 1990 | 1698318 |
| monoclonal antibodies to quebec strain (q17) of bovine rotavirus. | fourteen monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against "quebec" strain (q17) of bovine rotavirus were isolated and characterized. four were specific for viral protein vp7 and ten were specific for viral protein vp6. five different isotypes were represented by this group of antibodies. all of the anti-vp6 and none of the anti-vp7 antibodies were sensitive to the effects of periodate on their antigen. the antibodies could be separated into three groups based on their relative resistance to the dissociation ... | 1990 | 1698323 |
| desensitization of the dopaminergic system in bovine retina following incubation with high potassium. | the effect of potassium depolarization on dopamine d1 receptor activity in bovine retina was investigated. preincubation of bovine retinas in buffer containing high kcl (56 mm) as compared to a low kcl control buffer resulted in a significant decrease in dopamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity with no change in basal or gtp-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. the apparent vmax for dopamine was decreased from 102 +/- 15 pmol/min/mg protein in retinas preincubated in high kcl to 71 +/- 1 ... | 1990 | 1698510 |
| [the isolation of a pure culture of proteus hauseri from associated bacteria]. | a simple method for isolation of p. vulgaris and p. mirabilis pure culture from associations with other microorganisms has been developed. medium for inoculation of a bacterial culture suspected of an association contains glycerin and asparaginic acid. the suggested method is simple and highly effective, reproducible at any bacteriologic laboratory, and is particularly valuable for improving the quality of etiologic diagnosis of pyoseptic diseases. | 1990 | 1699046 |
| interspecies compatibility of selenoprotein biosynthesis in enterobacteriaceae. | several species of enterobacteriaceae were investigated for their ability to synthesize selenium-containing macromolecules. seleniated trna species as well as seleniated polypeptides were formed by all organisms tested. two selenopolypeptides could be identified in most of the organisms which correspond to the 80 kda and 110 kda subunits of the anaerobically induced formate dehydrogenase isoenzymes of e. coli. in those organisms possessing both isoenzymes, their synthesis was induced in a mutual ... | 1991 | 1710885 |
| [diagnosis and therapy of viral hepatitis]. | | 1991 | 1713243 |
| differentiation of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacteroides and haemophilus species in gram-stained direct smears. | the accuracy of examination of the gram-stained direct smear to classify presumptively gram-negative rods into three morphotype groups, that is, (a) enteric bacteria, (b) pseudomonas, and (c) bacteroides or haemophilus, was evaluated. randomly selected clinical strains (4-9) each of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, ps. aeruginosa, b. fragilis, and h. influenzae were used to produce peritonitis or subcutaneous abscesses in mice. a gram-stained direct smear was prepared ... | 1991 | 1716190 |
| review of clinical experience in the united states with cefpodoxime proxetil in adults with uncomplicated urinary tract infections. | two controlled united states trials compared the safety and efficacy of cefpodoxime proxetil (100mg twice daily) with either cefaclor (250mg 3 times daily) or amoxicillin (250mg 3 times daily) in patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections. treatment duration was 7 days. 307 of 762 patients treated with cefpodoxime proxetil, 99 of 190 treated with cefaclor, and 57 of 185 treated with amoxicillin were evaluable for efficacy. 311, 99 and 59 pathogens were isolated from cefpodoxime proxeti ... | 1991 | 1726207 |
| xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: experience in 36 cases. | a retrospective study of 36 patients with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis who underwent nephrectomy at our hospital was performed. the disease occurred most frequently in middle-aged women with a history of recurrent urinary tract disorder. there were 2 cases of focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, 2 associated with emphysematous pyelonephritis, 2 that manifested as fistula formation between the colon or skin, and 1 with deep sinus formation into the hip joint that presented as septic ar ... | 1992 | 1732587 |
| in vitro activity of ro 09-1428 compared to other cephalosporins. | the in vitro activity of ro 09-1428, a new catechol-type parenteral cephalosporin, was compared to that of ceftazidime, e-1040, cefpirome and cefepime against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. ro 09-1428 inhibited group a streptococci at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml, and group b, c and g streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at 0.5 micrograms/ml, whereas for staphylococcus aureus ro 09-1428 had mics of 8-16 micrograms/ml similar to ceftazidime and e-1040. against pseudom ... | 1991 | 1748124 |
| in vitro activity of the novel cephalosporin gr69153. | the in vitro activity of gr69153 was compared to that of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem and gentamicin against a total of 702 recent clinical isolates. mics were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure and two inocula (10(4) and 10(8) cfu) were used throughout. gr69153 inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumonia and proteus mirabilis at less than or equal to 0.25 mg/l and 90% of isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa at less than or equal to 1 mg/l. citrobacter f ... | 1991 | 1748126 |
| the human cerebro-cerebellar system: its computing, cognitive, and language skills. | in this review of the human cerebro-cerebellar system, the focus is on the possible contributions of the cerebellum to cognitive and language functions. the role of the cerebellum in these human functions has tended to be obscured by the traditional preoccupation with the motor functions of the cerebellum, which have been widely observed in other vertebrates as well. in the human brain, some phylogenetically new parts evolved and enlarged in the cerebellum, concomitantly with the enlargement of ... | 1991 | 1751002 |
| pseudoreversion analysis indicates a direct role of cell division genes in polar morphogenesis and differentiation in caulobacter crescentus. | a pseudoreversion analysis was used to examine the role of cell division genes in polar morphogenesis in caulobacter crescentus. extragenic suppressors of temperature sensitive mutations in plec, a pleiotropic gene required for cell motility, formation of polar phi cbk bacteriophage receptors, and stalk formation, were isolated. these suppressors, which restored motility at 37 degrees c, simultaneously conferred a cold sensitive cell division phenotype and they were mapped to the three new cell ... | 1991 | 1752411 |
| molecular characterization of new group a streptococcal bacteriophages containing the gene for streptococcal erythrogenic toxin a (spea). | bacteriophage t12 is the prototype phage carrying the streptococcal erythrogenic toxin a (spea) gene. to examine more closely the phages involved in lysogenic conversion, we examined 300 group a streptococcal strains, and identified and isolated two new phages that carry the spea gene. the molecular sizes of these phage genomes were between 32 and 40 kb, similar to that of phage t12 (35 kb). however, as ascertained by restriction analysis, the physical maps of the new phage genomes were differen ... | 1991 | 1753942 |
| antibacterial properties of human amniotic membranes. | amniotic membranes are widely used in a multitude of surgical applications and have been shown to reduce bacterial counts and promote healing in infected wounds. antibacterial properties of amniotic fluid are well documented and the presence of many potentially antibacterial factors has been demonstrated. no such factors have yet been found in amniotic membranes. we have applied a direct disc-diffusion susceptibility test to try to establish the possible existence of such a factor. amniotic memb ... | 1991 | 1754577 |
| [an experimental study of a lactoglobulin preparation against opportunistic bacteria and salmonellae]. | a preclinical study of seven batches of lactoglobulin, a new biological preparation against opportunistic bacteria and salmonellae, has been carried out. high antibacterial activity of the preparation with respect to the virulent forms of salmonella typhimurium, salmonella enteritidis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis has been established. the preparation has been shown to be safe and nontoxic. the 4-year term of its storage at a temperature of 6 ... | 1991 | 1759523 |
| microbiological exploitation of cardiac glycosides and alkaloids from garcinia kola, borreria ocymoides, kola nitida and citrus aurantifolia. | the four medicinal plants, garcinia kola (roots), borreria ocymoides (leaves), kola nitida (bark) and citrus aurantifolia (roots) were screened for phytochemical components. they were found to contain tannins, phlobatannins, polyphenols, hydroxymethyl anthraquinones, glucides, saponins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavanoids and reducing compounds. the aqueous and alcoholic extracts as well as alkaloids and cardiac glycosides of the medicinal plants were tested on various pathogenic bacteria. ... | 1991 | 1761433 |
| typing of proteus mirabilis from clinical sources by computerized analysis of electrophoretic protein patterns. | seventy-five strains of proteus mirabilis (mainly of human origin) were characterized by one-dimensional sds-page of cellular proteins. the strains came from various countries; 24 were from urine, 17 from faeces (including one from a dog and one from a monkey), 12 from the respiratory tract (including nine from sputum), four from a cerebral abscess, 12 from miscellaneous sources and six from unknown sources. the protein patterns, which contained 45 to 50 discrete bands, were highly reproducible. ... | 1991 | 1761440 |
| imipenem resistance in proteus mirabilis. | | 1991 | 1761458 |
| [cerebral abscess in a general hospital. analysis of 66 consecutive cases]. | analysis of the epidemiologic characteristics of cerebral abscesses and comparison with 2 therapeutic schedules. | 1991 | 1762456 |
| closely linked genetic loci required for swarm cell differentiation and multicellular migration by proteus mirabilis. | the pathogenic bacterium proteus mirabilis exhibits a form of multicellular behaviour called swarming migration. this involves the differentiation of vegetative cells at the colony margin into swarm cells which are long, aseptate, multinucleate, hyper-flagellated filaments able to undergo repeated cycles of co-ordinated population migration and consolidation (reversion to vegetative cells). transposon mutagenesis of uropathogenic p. mirabilis strain u6450 with tn5 generated 4860 chromosomal inse ... | 1991 | 1766373 |
| resistant strains isolated from bacteremia patients in northern norway. | bacterial isolates from blood cultures in 1985 and 1989 (227 and 258 isolates, respectively), were compared as regards resistance to a series of antimicrobial agents including the more recent beta-lactams and quinolones. an increase in the number of coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains and a decrease in staphylococcus aureus strains were detected, otherwise there were no significant differences in the bacterial patterns in 1985 compared to 1989. except for chloramphenicol, there was no majo ... | 1991 | 1767256 |
| [neonatal proteus mirabilis adrenal gland abscess]. | the authors describe a case of unilateral adrenal abscess in a neonate, which was diagnosed at 13 days of age by abdominal ultrasonography. the newborn presented with persistent high white blood cells after proteus mirabilis omphalitis. magnetic resonance imaging and needle aspiration confirmed the diagnosis. this is the second case of proteus mirabilis neonatal adrenal abscess reported in the literature. percutaneous drainage allowed complete recovery. | 1991 | 1768196 |
| tissue-specific homing receptor mediates lymphocyte adhesion to cytokine-stimulated lymph node high endothelial venule cells. | lymphocytes bind to high endothelial venule (hev) cells as the first step in the migration of these cells into lymph nodes (ln) and peyer's patches (pp). in this study we isolated and cultured hev cells from rat ln and investigated the effects of cytokines on the adhesiveness of these cells for lymphocytes. the results showed that lymphocytes from thoracic duct, spleen and ln adhered preferentially to the cultured ln hev cells compared to cells isolated from the thymus and bone marrow. the adhes ... | 1991 | 1769695 |
| a voluntary serosurvey and behavioral risk assessment for human immunodeficiency virus infection among college students. | the authors conducted a voluntary serosurvey and educational campaign among 3394 undergraduate students attending the university of maryland at college park to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection. two students were seropositive (0.06%, 95% confidence interval 0-0.15%). both were homosexual men with multiple sexual partners. despite the low prevalence of infection, potential risk factors for transmission of hiv-1 were common, as a ... | 1991 | 1771475 |
| a kampo prescription, shimotsu-to, improves scopolamine-induced spatial cognitive deficits in rats. | the effect of a kampo (traditional chinese medicine) prescription, shimotsu-to, on spatial cognitive deficits produced by scopolamine was examined using an eight-arm radial maze and a t-maze. scopolamine (scop; 0.075-0.3 mg/kg, ip) dose-dependently disrupted the radial maze performance. single doses of shimotsu-to (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg, po) as well as physostigmine (0.15 and 0.3 mg/kg, ip) improved the scop (0.3 mg/kg)-induced performance deficits in a dose-dependent manner. shimotsu-to administered ... | 1991 | 1771976 |
| efficacy and safety of oral cefixime therapy in common infectious diseases in children. | twenty-nine children, including 20 boys and 9 girls, were enrolled in an open trial of oral cefixime therapy for common pediatric infectious diseases. patients aged between 0.5 month and 12 years with a mean +/- standard deviation of 2.3 +/- 2.8 years. the diagnoses included 10 of acute otitis media, 2 of purulent rhinitis, 4 of acute enterocolitis, and 13 of urinary tract infection. most children received 6-12 mg/kg/day of cefixime granules, orally twice daily for more than five days. all 10 ca ... | 1991 | 1776438 |
| a new plate medium for rapid presumptive identification and differentiation of enterobacteriaceae. | a new selective differential agar medium for rapid presumptive identification of enterobacteriaceae from water and food samples is described (emx id agar). by a combination of fluorogenic and chromogenic substrates, the medium detects the presence of beta-d-glucuronidase, beta-d-galactosidase, beta-d-xylosidase, tryptophane deaminase and h2s; additionally, cytochrome-oxidase and indole production can be demonstrated. this medium provides an inexpensive means for simple and rapid presumptive iden ... | 1991 | 1777382 |
| heat stress and thermal dehydration: lactacidemia and plasma volume regulation. | this investigation was undertaken to study heat stress and dehydration effects on 1) plasma lactic acid (la) concentration and 2) plasma la effect on plasma volume conservation during thermal dehydration. experiments were performed on conscious nonacclimated and heat-acclimated laboratory rats subjected to various levels of heat stress and/or dehydration (37-42 degrees c with and without drinking water). during the exposures, rectal temperature (tre), plasma la pyruvic acids, and hematocrit were ... | 1991 | 1778943 |