| phthiriasis palpebrarum infection: a concern for child abuse. | pediculosis capitis is a common parasitic infestation, whereas phthiriasis palpebrarum is an uncommon infection due to phthirus pubis (pubic lice) inoculating the eyelashes and surrounding tissues of the eye. emergency physicians should recognize the causes of this uncommon disease. cases of phthiriasis palpebrarum should trigger the clinician to consider the potential for child abuse when suspected or when social history dictates the risk for abuse. | 2014 | 24556565 |
| the origin and distribution of human lice in the world. | two genera of lice parasitize humans: pthirus and pediculus. the latter is of significant public health importance and comprises two ecotypes: the body louse and the head louse. these ecotypes are morphologically and genetically notably similar; the body louse is responsible for three infectious diseases: louse-borne epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever. mitochondrial dna studies have shown that there are three obviously divergent clades of head lice (a, b and c), and only one clad ... | 2014 | 24524985 |
| efficacy and safety of dimeticone in the treatment of lice infestation through prophylaxis of classmates. | we conducted a study to evaluate efficacy and safety of dimeticone 4%, a lotion with no conventional insecticide activity, to cure lice infection and to prevent spread of infestation/reinfestation by prophylaxis of classmates. | 2013 | 24427749 |
| topical ivermectin 0.5% lotion for treatment of head lice. | to investigate the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, adverse effects, and place in therapy of a single application of topical ivermectin 0.5% lotion for head lice treatment. | 2013 | 24259731 |
| evidence of sympatry of clade a and clade b head lice in a pre-columbian chilean mummy from camarones. | three different lineages of head lice are known to parasitize humans. clade a, which is currently worldwide in distribution, was previously demonstrated to be present in the americas before the time of columbus. the two other types of head lice are geographically restricted to america and australia for clade b and to africa and asia for clade c. in this study, we tested two operculated nits from a 4,000-year-old chilean mummy of camarones for the presence of the partial cytb mitochondrial gene ( ... | 2013 | 24204678 |
| genetic recombination events between sympatric clade a and clade c lice in africa. | human head and body lice have been classified into three phylogenetic clades (clades a, b, and c) based on mitochondrial dna. based on nuclear markers (the 18s rrna gene and the pm2 spacer), two genotypes of clade a head and body lice, including one that is specifically african (clade a2), have been described. in this study, we sequenced the pm2 spacer of clade c head lice from ethiopia and compared these sequences with sequences from previous works. trees were drawn, and an analysis of genetic ... | 2013 | 24180123 |
| a single application of dimeticone is superior to two applications of permethrin in ridding head lice. | | 2013 | 24160659 |
| survey assessment on pediatricians' attitudes on head lice management. | pediculosis capitis is a worldwide health problem. one of the most important factor in effective head lice eradication is to ensure that infestation is adequately recognized and treated. our survey investigated the knowledge and practice among primary care italian pediatricians regarding to the prevention and treatment of head lice. | 2013 | 24090319 |
| pediculosis capitis: prevalence and its associated factors in primary school children living in rural and urban areas in kayseri, turkey. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of pediculosis capitis in schoolchildren living in rural and urban areas in kayseri, a city located in central anatolia in turkey. | 2013 | 24053067 |
| the prevalence of pediculus capitis among the middle schoolchildren in fars province, southern iran. | background : pediculosis capitis is a common parasitic infection of children. in this study we assessed the prevalence of head pediculosis among the middle schoolchildren in the urban and rural areas of fars province, southern iran. | 2013 | 24009945 |
| in vitro efficacy of synthetic skin repellent ir3535 on head lice (pediculus capitis). | in in vitro tests, skin repellent ir3535, applied in the form of the diffusil h prevental product in an aerosol bomb (active compound 20%), killed 100% of head lice (females and males) and nymphs 2 and 3, when directly sprayed at a dose of 0.94 mg of the active compound per square centimeter. crawling lice exposed for 1 min on the filter paper impregnated by the same concentration showed no effort to suck blood 30 min after exposition. twenty hours later, their mortality rate was 11 %. after the ... | 2013 | 23933877 |
| sklice (ivermectin) lotion for the treatment of head lice. | | 2013 | 23930357 |
| mitochondrial diversity in human head louse populations across the americas. | anthropological studies suggest that the genetic makeup of human populations in the americas is the result of diverse processes including the initial colonization of the continent by the first people plus post-1492 european migrations. because of the recent nature of some of these events, understanding the geographical origin of american human diversity is challenging. however, human parasites have faster evolutionary rates and larger population sizes allowing them to maintain greater levels of ... | 2013 | 23900879 |
| prevalence of head lice infestation in primary school children in port harcourt. | head lice infestation affects mainly school-aged children and prevalence varies from region to region. head lice infestation is of public health concern and screening is integrated into the school health programme. | 2013 | 26866114 |
| [exanthematic typhus epidemic in chile (1932-1939)]. | after the great epidemic of the exanthematic typhus of 1918-1919 in chile, there was a gradual decrease in the number of cases , until it became endemic around 1926. starting in 1932 and until 1939 a new epidemic outbreak occured that prompted researchers to its study supported by the new clinical and technological advances of this period. subsequently, two important events occured: the erradication of the vector ( human louse) by means of effective insecticides and the discovery of an effective ... | 2013 | 23877780 |
| the use of the head louse as a remedy for jaundice in spanish folk medicine: an overview. | in spain, head lice are considered a therapeutic resource for the treatment of jaundice. all folk remedies based on the ingestion of these insects meet in the present document, previously dispersed among a large number of references. | 2013 | 23876126 |
| [understanding mitochondrial genome fragmentation in parasitic lice (insecta: phthiraptera)]. | lice are obligate ectoparasites of mammals and birds. extensive fragmentation of mitochondrial genomes has been found in some louse species in the families pediculidae, pthiridae, philopteridae and trichodectidae. for example, the mt genomes of human body louse (pediculus humanus), head louse (pediculus capitis), and public louse (pthirus pubis) have 20, 20 and 14 mini-chromosomes, respectively. these mini-chromosomes might be the results of deletion and recombination of mt genes. the factors an ... | 2013 | 23853355 |
| [comparative activity of different groups of insecticides against permethrin-resistant lice (anoplura: pediculidae)]. | the activity of insecticides (ck50, ck95 ) from different chemical classes against permethrin-resistant body and head lice was investigated. having developed resistance to pyrethroids (permethrin, d-phenothrin, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin), the lice remain susceptible to organophosphorus compounds, phenylpyrazoles, neonicotinoids, and avermectins. the susceptibility of lice to the insecticides having a mechanism of action that is different from that of pyrethroids does not depend on the level ... | 2014 | 23805484 |
| jama patient page. head lice. | | 2013 | 23757090 |
| effect of households' social networks on lice infestation among vulnerable mexican children: a qualitative comparative analysis. | the prevalence of pediculosis is high among elementary and secondary school children, which favors the belief that infestation occurs more often in schools than in homes. this study explored the role of households' social networks in the transmission of head lice. seventeen school children and their social networks (n = 22) from acatlipa (morelos, mexico) participated in a prospective observational study during school vacation. the hair of all the school children was washed with shampoo containi ... | 2013 | 23751254 |
| how to deal with children's head lice. | | 2013 | 23672162 |
| head lice prevalence and associated factors in two boarding schools in sivas. | the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of head louse infestations and the factors affecting the rate of infestation in primary school children in sivas. | 2013 | 23619043 |
| amazonian head lice-specific genotypes are putatively pre-columbian. | head and body lice are strict obligate human ectoparasites with three mitochondrial phylotypes (a, b, and c). using molecular methods for genotyping lice (cytochrome b and multi-spacer typing), and comparing our results with all the sequences of human lice that were genotyped previously, we assessed the presence of a specific american genotype that most likely predates the columbian era in head lice collected from amazonia. | 2013 | 23610158 |
| wet combing for the eradication of head lice. | manual removal (using conditioner and comb or a wet comb) can be used in the treatment of head lice. head lice infestation (pediculosis humanus capitis) is a common problem. it is diagnosed by visualising the lice. as half of people infested with head lice will not scratch, all people in contact with a person affected with head lice should be manually checked for infestations. wet combing is easily and safely performed at home, but persistence is needed. this article describes the process of hea ... | 2013 | 23529522 |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | | 2013 | 23472260 |
| distinguishing body lice from head lice by multiplex real-time pcr analysis of the phum_phum540560 gene. | body louse or head louse? once removed from their environment, body and head lice are indistinguishable. neither the morphological criteria used since the mid-18th century nor the various genetic studies conducted since the advent of molecular biology tools have allowed body lice and head lice to be differentiated. in this work, using a portion of the phum_phum540560 gene from the body louse, we aimed to develop a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to differentiate between ... | 2013 | 23469145 |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | | 2013 | 23465115 |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | | 2013 | 23465114 |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | | 2013 | 23465113 |
| head lice: the feelings people have. | head lice are a source of amusement for outsiders and an embarrassing nuisance to those who have to deal with them. our study collected the emotions experienced by people dealing with head lice. an area with extremely sparse literature, our purpose is to inform the development of more effective programs to control head lice. | 2013 | 23347303 |
| in vitro pediculicidal activity of herbal shampoo base on thai local plants against head louse (pediculus humanus capitis de geer). | head lice infestation, a worldwide head infestation caused pediculus humanus capitis de geer, is an important public health problem in thailand. several chemical pediculicides have lost in efficacy due to increasing resistance of lice against insecticide. therefore, non-toxic alternative products, such as natural products from plants, e.g. plant extract pediculicides, are needed for head lice control. the aims of this study were to evaluate the potential of pediculicidal activity of herbal shamp ... | 2013 | 23334727 |
| pediculosis capitis among primary school children and related risk factors in urmia, the main city of west azarbaijan, iran. | pediculosis capitis is cosmopolitan health problem. in addition to its physical problems, its psychological effects especially on pupils are more important. this study was conducted to determine the pediculosis capitis among primary school pupils and also find out the role of probable related risk factors in urmia city, iran 2010. | 2012 | 23293782 |
| assessment of the safety and efficacy of three concentrations of topical ivermectin lotion as a treatment for head lice infestation. | ivermectin is a broad-spectrum parasiticide in widespread systemic use, including as an off-label treatment for head lice infestation. the potential of the topical use of ivermectin as a treatment for head lice infestation was suggested by an in vitro report of a novel lotion formulation. | 2013 | 23278618 |
| evaluation of a health education program for head lice infestation in female primary school students in chabahar city, iran. | an important health problem in students is pediculosis capitis (head lice infestation) which causes physical, mental, and social complications. social stigma induces feeling of shame, anger, and embarrassment for families and may prevent people from coming forward. | 2013 | 23273236 |
| comparative efficacy of commercial combs in removing head lice (pediculus humanus capitis) (phthiraptera: pediculidae). | the use of a fine comb for removing lice from the head of the human host is a relevant tool both in the diagnosis of infestations and as part of an integrated control strategy of head lice. the effectiveness of a fine comb depends, in part, on the design and material they are built. the aim of this study was to compare in vivo the efficacy of metal and plastic combs that are currently used in the removal of head lice and eggs worldwide. the space between comb teeth and the length was 0.23 and 13 ... | 2013 | 23212391 |
| assessment of the efficacy and safety of a new treatment for head lice. | infestation with head lice is a widespread, persistent, and recurring issue leading to serious health problems if untreated. we are facing resistance phenomena to usual pediculicides and questions about their direct or cumulative toxicity. the aim of this trial was to assess the efficacy of a new product, free of chemical insecticides but with a physical effect. this product contains components whose antilice efficacy has already been demonstrated, as well as andiroba oil which asphyxiates the l ... | 2012 | 23209928 |
| spinosad: an effective and safe pediculicide. | although head lice are not a major health hazard, they have been a source of irritation and disgust for thousands of years. despite the use of over-the-counter (otc) treatments, it has high prevalence, and epidemics occur regularly. permethrin 1% is currently recommended as a drug of choice, but many areas have shown resistance to this insecticide. a 0.9% suspension of spinosad, a naturally occurring pest control product, has recently been approved by the usfda for treatment of pediculosis capit ... | 2012 | 23189260 |
| study of archaeological nits/eggs of pediculus humanus capitis by scanning electron microscopy. | this paper presents and discusses archaeological samples of pediculus humanus capitis nits/eggs in arica, northern chile, dating between 2000 b.c. and a.d. 500. eight samples of nits/eggs taken directly from seven mummified bodies of both the valley and the coast of arica, were collected and studied. samples were analysed with scanning electron microscopy (sem), uncoated, using low and variable pressure modes. the aim was to study the morphology of the nits/eggs, the different degrees of preserv ... | 2013 | 23176818 |
| a pediculid case: autosensitization dermatitis caused by pediculosis capitis. | pediculosis capitis is a worldwide infestation caused by pediculus humanus capitis ectoparasite that only lives on the hairs of the scalp. as a result of severe itching excoriation, secondary bacterial infection, cervical and occipital lymphadenopathy are seen frequently where, sometimes bite reaction, viral exanthema mimicking hypersensitivity eruption and conjunctivitis may occur. hereby, with the presentation of a quite rarely seen pediculid case, characterized with common autosensitization d ... | 2012 | 23169166 |
| epidemiological and clinical study of infested cases with pediculus capitis and p. corporis in khorasan-e-razavi, iran. | pediculosis (head lice) is considered as one of the most common health problems of the students in primary schools. the purpose of this study was to survey the prevalence rate of the infestation in the schools of gonabad city (south of khorasan-e-razavi province) to prevent its outbreak by on-time planning. | 2012 | 23133477 |
| single application of ivermectin lotion helps get rid of head lice. | | 2012 | 23131674 |
| topical ivermectin--a step toward making head lice dead lice? | | 2012 | 23113487 |
| topical 0.5% ivermectin lotion for treatment of head lice. | the emergence of resistance to treatment complicates the public health problem of head-louse infestations and drives the need for continuing development of new treatments. there are limited data on the activity of ivermectin as a topical lousicide. | 2012 | 23113480 |
| advancements in the treatment of head lice in pediatrics. | head lice infestations occur commonly each year in children of all socioeconomic statuses. however, head lice have become more of a nuisance as resistance to first-line agents, such as permethrin 1% and pyrethrins, has increased. newer topical products provide unique mechanisms of action without current signs of resistance. as with older agents, proper application of products must be emphasized to ensure that treatment is effective. in addition, nonpharmacologic measures should be taken to avoid ... | 2012 | 23099312 |
| evidence that head and body lice on homeless persons have the same genotype. | human head lice and body lice are morphologically and biologically similar but have distinct ecologies. they were shown to have almost the same basic genetic content (one gene is absent in head lice), but differentially express certain genes, presumably responsible for the vector competence. they are now believed to be ecotypes of the same species (pediculus humanus) and based on mitochondrial studies, body lice have been included with head lice in one of three clades of human head lice (clade a ... | 2012 | 23049889 |
| simultaneous quantification of stemocurtisine, stemocurtisinol and stemofoline in stemona curtisii (stemonaceae) by tlc-densitometric method. | stemona curtisii hook. f. (family stemonaceae), a prominent species distributed in the south and southwest of thailand, has widely been used as a natural pesticide and as treatment for head lice and skin diseases. this study developed a thin-layer chromatography (tlc)-densitometric method for the simultaneous quantification of major components--stemocurtisine, stemocurtisinol and stemofoline--in the extracts from the roots of s. curtisii collected from 10 locations in thailand. components were f ... | 2016 | 23045553 |
| evolution of extensively fragmented mitochondrial genomes in the lice of humans. | bilateral animals are featured by an extremely compact mitochondrial (mt) genome with 37 genes on a single circular chromosome. the human body louse, pediculus humanus, however, has its mt genes on 20 minichromosomes. we sequenced the mt genomes of two other human lice: the head louse, p. capitis, and the pubic louse, pthirus pubis. comparison among the three human lice revealed the presence of fragmented mt genomes in their most recent common ancestor, which lived ∼7 ma. the head louse has exac ... | 2012 | 23042553 |
| spinosad for the treatment of head lice infestations. | head lice infestations continue to be an issue in today's society, with an increase in economic cost and resistance. spinosad 0.9% topical suspension was recently introduced in the u.s. market as a novel agent with both pediculicidal and ovicidal activity, approved in children 4 years of age and older for the treatment of head lice infestations. in clinical trials, it has demonstrated effectiveness against head lice with permethrin resistance. in two clinical trials comparing spinosad to permeth ... | 2012 | 23032800 |
| efficacy and safety of spinosad cream rinse for head lice-reply. | | 2012 | 22986862 |
| efficacy and safety of spinosad cream rinse for head lice. | | 2012 | 22986861 |
| effectiveness of isopropyl myristate/cyclomethicone d5 solution of removing cuticular hydrocarbons from human head lice (pediculus humanus capitis). | in the treatment of human head lice infestation, healthcare providers are increasingly concerned about lice becoming resistant to existing pesticide treatments. traditional pesticides, used to control these pests, have a neurological mechanism of action. this publication describes a topical solution with a non-traditional mechanism of action, based on physical disruption of the wax layer that covers the cuticle of the louse exoskeleton. this topical solution has been shown clinically to cure 82% ... | 2012 | 22943314 |
| head lice. | | 2012 | 22924319 |
| an incurable itch: head lice. | head lice infestations continue to be seen frequently in many communities. some of these children require multiple treatments before eradication. what are the current treatment recommendations for head lice? | 2012 | 22893334 |
| stochastic epidemic models revisited: analysis of some continuous performance measures. | we deal with stochastic epidemic models having a set of absorbing states. the aim of the paper is to study some continuous characteristics of the epidemic. in this sense, we first extend the classical study of the length of an outbreak by investigating the whole probability distribution of the extinction time via laplace transforms. moreover, we also study two almost new epidemic descriptors, namely, the time until a non-infected individual becomes infected and the time until the individual is r ... | 2012 | 22873587 |
| ivermectin (sklice) topical lotion for head lice. | | 2012 | 22869290 |
| activity of tea tree oil and nerolidol alone or in combination against pediculus capitis (head lice) and its eggs. | head lice infestation is an emerging social problem in undeveloped and developed countries. because of louse resistance increasing, several long-used insecticidal compounds have lost their efficacy, and alternatives, such as essential oils, have been proposed to treat this parasitic infestation. the present study investigated the efficacy of two natural substances: tea tree (melaleuca alternifolia) oil and nerolidol (3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol) against lice and its eggs. products w ... | 2012 | 22847279 |
| pediculosis capitis: an update. | head louse infestation, or pediculosis capitis, caused by pediculus humanus var. capitis, is a common health concern in pediatric age group. an itching of the scalp is the chief symptom, whereas presence of viable nits confirms the diagnosis of head louse infestation. secondary bacterial infection with impetignization with cervical and occipital lymphadenopathy can complicate the clinical scenario with physician misdiagnosing pediculosis to a primary bacterial infection. screening and treatment ... | 2012 | 22772612 |
| safety and efficacy of a non-pesticide-based head lice treatment: results of a randomised comparative trial in children. | increasing resistance to pesticide-based head lice treatments has resulted in the need for alternative products to treat head lice infestations, but there are few clinical studies that have adequately tested these products. this multicentre, randomised, assessor-blind, parallel-group phase iv trial compared the safety and efficacy of a non-pesticide-based head lice shampoo with malathion foam in children. | 2012 | 22758350 |
| prevalence of pediculus humanus capitis infestation among kindergarten children in bahía blanca city, argentina. | the human head louse, pediculus humanus capitis de geer (anoplura: pediculidae), is a worldwide public health concern. this human obligate ectoparasite usually infests school age children. the aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence of head lice in kindergarten children from bahia blanca. in addition, the influence of risk factors for pediculosis infestation, such as gender, hair characteristics, and socioeconomic class, was studied in relation to the prevalence of this ectoparasite. ... | 2012 | 22752696 |
| prevalence and risk factors of pediculus (humanus) capitis (anoplura: pediculidae), in primary schools in sanandaj city, kurdistan province, iran. | human head lice, pediculus (humanus) capitis, infest people worldwide and are most prevalent in children. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of head lice, in relation to socioeconomic status of the family and hygienic practices in the home. the prevalence rate was determined in 27 primary schools that had 810 students in sanandaj city who were selected by multistage, systematic random sampling. a total of 38 students from all grades were infested with different rates of infest ... | 2012 | 22735841 |
| international guidelines for clinical trials with pediculicides. | pediculosis capitis, infestation with head lice, is common in all human societies. chemical pediculicides are often used to control head louse infestations, particularly in wealthy communities. a significant number of different protocols have been used to test the efficacy and safety of pediculicides in clinical trials; this constrains scientific comparison of the evidence for efficacy of the different pediculicides. here we recommend protocols for clinical trials of the efficacy and safety of s ... | 2012 | 22715834 |
| evidence for an african cluster of human head and body lice with variable colors and interbreeding of lice between continents. | human head lice and body lice have been classified based on phenotypic characteristics, including geographical source, ecotype (preferred egg laying site hair or clothes), shape and color. more recently, genotypic studies have been based on mitochondrial genes, nuclear genes and intergenic spacers. mitochondrial genetic analysis reclassified lice into three genotypes (a, b and c). however, no previous study has attempted to correlate both genotypic and phenotypic data. | 2012 | 22662229 |
| permethrin and malathion resistance in head lice: results of ex vivo and molecular assays. | treatment of head lice infestation relies on the application of topical insecticides. overuse of these products has led to the emergence of resistance to pyrethroids and malathion worldwide. permethrin resistance in head lice is mostly conferred by the knockdown resistance (kdr) trait. | 2012 | 22627039 |
| detection of a knockdown resistance mutation associated with permethrin resistance in the body louse pediculus humanus corporis by use of melting curve analysis genotyping. | louse-borne diseases are prevalent in the homeless, and body louse eradication has thus far been unsuccessful in this population. we aim to develop a rapid and robust genotyping method usable in large field-based clinical studies to monitor permethrin resistance in the human body louse pediculus humanus corporis. we assessed a melting curve analysis genotyping method based on real-time pcr using hybridization probes to detect the m815i-t917i-l920f knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in the parao ... | 2012 | 22573588 |
| ovicidal response of nyda formulations on the human head louse (anoplura: pediculidae) using a hair tuft bioassay. | using the in vitro rearing system in conjunction with the hair tuft bioassay, nyda and nyda without fragrances formulations (92% wt:wt dimeticones) were 100% ovicidal (0% of treated eggs hatched) after an 8-h exposure of the eggs of the human head louse (pediculus humanus capitis de geer) following the manufacturer's instructions. comparatively, 78 and 66% of eggs similarly exposed hatched after distilled deionized water or nix (1% permethrin) treatments, respectively. nyda and nyda without frag ... | 2012 | 22493852 |
| insecticidal activity of individual and mixed monoterpenoids of geranium essential oil against pediculus humanus capitis (phthiraptera: pediculidae). | the major components of geranium (geranium maculatum l.) oil and their mixtures were tested against female pediculus humanus capitis de geer (phthiraptera: pediculidae). chemical analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry revealed four major constituents: citronellol (38%), geraniol (16%), citronellyl formate (10.4%), and linalool (6.45%) (concentration expressed as percentage of total). topical application demonstrated that the most potent component was citronellol and geraniol ... | 2012 | 22493851 |
| insecticide resistance in head lice: clinical, parasitological and genetic aspects. | insecticide treatment resistance is considered to be a major factor in the increasing number of infestations by head lice. the large insecticide selection pressure induced by conventional topical pediculicides has led to the emergence and spread of resistance in many parts of the world. possible mechanisms of resistance include accelerated detoxification of insecticides by enzyme-mediated reduction, esterification, oxidation that may be overcome by synergistic agents such as piperonyl butoxide, ... | 2012 | 22429458 |
| taxonomy of lice and their endosymbiotic bacteria in the post-genomic era. | recent studies of molecular and genomic data from the parasitic lice of birds and mammals, as well as their mutualistic endosymbiotic bacteria, are changing the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy of these organisms. phylogenetic studies of lice suggest that vertebrate parasitism arose multiple times from free-living book and bark lice. molecular clocks show that the major families of lice arose in the late mesozoic and radiated in the early cenozoic, following the radiation of mammals and b ... | 2012 | 22429457 |
| head lice in norwegian households: actions taken, costs and knowledge. | head lice infestations cause distress in many families. a well-founded strategy to reduce head lice prevalence must shorten the infectious period of individual hosts. to develop such a strategy, information about the actions taken (inspection, treatment and informing others about own infestations), level of knowledge and costs is needed. the present study is the first to consider all these elements combined. | 2012 | 22393437 |
| pediculosis capitis: new insights into epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. | pediculosis capitis is a ubiquitous parasitic skin disease caused by pediculus humanus capitis. head lice are highly specialised parasites which can propagate only on human scalp and hair. transmission occurs by direct head-to-head contact. head lice are vectors of important bacterial pathogens. pediculosis capitis usually occurs in small epidemics in play groups, kindergartens and schools. population-based studies in european countries show highly diverging prevalences, ranging from 1% to 20%. ... | 2012 | 22382818 |
| pediculosis capitis among primary-school children in mafraq governorate, jordan. | pediculosis capitis (head lice infestation) is a worldwide public health concern affecting mostly primary-school children. in a cross-sectional study in 2009/2010, the prevalence of pediculosis capitis and some risk factors for infestation were investigated among 1550 randomly selected primary-school children in mafraq governorate, jordan. the prevalence of pediculosis capitis was 26.6%. there were significant differences in the prevalence between girls (34.7%) and boys (19.6%), rural (31.2%) an ... | 2012 | 22360010 |
| [eczematous skin lesions of the neck. don't overlook head lice!]. | | 2011 | 22329323 |
| why infest the loved ones--inherent human behaviour indicates former mutualism with head lice. | head lice transmit to new hosts when people lean their heads together. humans frequently touch their heads to express friendship or love, while this behaviour is absent in apes. we hypothesize that this behaviour was adaptive because it enabled people to acquire head lice infestations as early as possible to provoke an immune response effective against both head lice and body lice throughout the subsequent periods of their life. this cross-immunity could provide some defence against the body-lou ... | 2012 | 22309598 |
| [insecticide resistance in lice collected from homeless people in moscow]. | permethrin and malathion resistance in body and head lice collected from homeless people in moscow was investigated in march 2009 to march 2010. most micropopulations were found to have permethrin-resistant individuals. their proportion varied from 8.7 to 100%. cross resistance of body lice to 5 insecticides (the pyrethroids permethrin, d-phenothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and the organic chlorine compound ddt) was revealed in one case. the lice remained susceptible to organic phosphorus in ... | 2014 | 22308710 |
| head lice infestation in schoolchildren and related factors in mafraq governorate, jordan. | little is known about the effect of socioeconomic status on the infestation by head lice in schoolchildren in jordan. | 2012 | 22250625 |
| ivermectin acts as a posteclosion nymphicide by reducing blood feeding of human head lice (anoplura: pediculidae) that hatched from treated eggs. | the 0.5% ivermectin topical cream formulation was not directly ovicidal to treated eggs of head lice, as hatchability was not decreased. nevertheless, the percent of hatched lice from treated eggs that took a blood meal significantly decreased (80-95%) compared with lice that hatched from untreated eggs and all treated lice died within 48 h of hatching, including those that fed. dilutions of ivermectin formulation of 0.15 and 0.2 microg/ml, which were topically applied to 0-8 d old eggs, were no ... | 2011 | 22238876 |
| risk factors associated with head louse infestation in korea. | head louse infestation (hli) is one of the most frequently occurring parasitic diseases in children. this study was conducted to investigate the socioeconomic and personal factors influencing hli in the republic of korea. a total of 2,210 questionnaires about various factors related to hli were obtained from children in 17 primary schools throughout the country. the rate of hli was significantly lower in children who lived together with mother or in a family where both parents worked. in additio ... | 2011 | 21461277 |
| a nationwide survey of prevalence of pediculosis in children and adolescents in iran. | since 2005, pediculosis is one of the obligatory reportable diseases from community to the center of disease control. this study is the first nationwide survey on the prevalence of pediculosis and some associated risk factors in iranian children and adolescents. | 2011 | 22737457 |
| [deliberate use of several products for pediculus capitis (de geer, 1778) control by parents or tutors of elementary school children]. | self-medication and use of several products as peliculicides seem to be common procedures for those persons living with schoolchildren, in order to eliminate head lice. | 2015 | 23431623 |
| nationwide report on the findings of integrated school health screening program in iran. | screening of students' health problems could lead to timely prevention and control of many health disorders. this study aimed to determine the nationwide prevalence of common disorders through school health screening program in iran | 2010 | 23113001 |
| epidemiology of head lice infestation in primary school pupils, in khajeh city, east azerbaijan province, iran. | pediculus capitis (anoplura: pediculidae) or head louse is an obligate ectoparasite transmitted mainly through physical contact. this study was conducted to survey the prevalence of head lice infestation rate and some risk factors in primary school pupils, in khajeh city east azerbaijan province, iran | 2010 | 22808387 |
| the prevalence of pediculosis capitis in primary school students in bahar, hamadan province, iran. | head lice infestation caused by pediculus humanus var capitis (pediculus capitis) is a worldwide public health concern that affects mostly school aged children. this descriptive, analytical study was carried out in 2008 to determine the prevalence of pediculosis capitis and some risk factors among primary-school pupils in bahar, hamadan province, iran. | 2009 | 23344146 |
| malathion topical lotion: therapy for resistant head lice. | | 2013 | 23989635 |
| comparative efficacy of d-phenothrin and malathion in the control of pediculosis. | a study was conducted in a semi-urban community of pune for estimating the prevalence of pediculosis (head lice) and evaluating the relative efficacy of d-phenothrin and malathion. a total of 729 subjects from the community and 126 school children were included in the study. a prevalence of 69 per cent in the community and 54 per cent in school children was found, d-phenothrin had a better pediculicidal (84%) and ovicidal (62%) activity as compared to malathion (82% pediculicidal and 40% ovicida ... | 1996 | 28769379 |
| head lice remedies losing potency. | some of the remedies available for treating head lice are not as effective since they lost their powerful smell, it was claimed last week. | 1990 | 27237891 |
| pediculus humanus capitis in an immuno compromised patient. | | 1989 | 28906773 |
| new sensitive treatment for head lice. | head lice attack children of all shapes and sizes, including children with eczma and asthma. | 1987 | 27319539 |
| notes on human lice. | | 1942 | 29012436 |