| identification of immunogenic proteins and evaluation of four recombinant proteins as potential vaccine antigens from vibrio anguillarum in flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | vibrio anguillarum is a severe bacterial pathogen that can infect a wide range of fish species. identification of immunogenic proteins and development of vaccine are essential for disease prevention. in this study, immunogenic proteins were screened and identified from v. anguillarum, and then protective efficacy of the immunogenic proteins was evaluated. immunogenic proteins in v. anguillarum whole cell were detected by western blotting (wb) using immunized flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) ser ... | 2017 | 28483195 |
| crude oil impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to pathogenic bacteria in southern flounder. | exposure to crude oil or its individual constituents can have detrimental impacts on fish species, including impairment of the immune response. increased observations of skin lesions in northern gulf of mexico fish during the 2010 deepwater horizon oil spill indicated the possibility of oil-induced immunocompromisation resulting in bacterial or viral infection. this study used a full factorial design of oil exposure and bacterial challenge to examine how oil exposure impairs southern flounder (p ... | 2017 | 28464028 |
| zinc finger protein 365 is a new maternal lps-binding protein that defends zebrafish embryos against gram-negative bacterial infections. | zinc finger protein 365 (znf365) is widespread in animals, but its function and mechanism remains poorly defined. here we clearly demonstrate that zebrafish znf365 is a newly identified lps-binding protein capable of interacting with the gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli, vibrio anguillarum, and aeromonas hydrophila, and functions as an antibacterial effector molecule capable of directly killing the bacteria. we also reveal that n-terminal residues 30-55 consisting of the znf_c2h2 domain a ... | 2017 | 29042450 |
| evaluation of antibody response to an adjuvanted hapten-protein vaccine as a potential inhibitor of sexual maturation for farmed atlantic salmon. | an experimental contraceptive vaccine was evaluated in atlantic salmon (salmo salar). a peptide derived from the beta subunit of luteinizing hormone (lh) was conjugated to two different carrier proteins, bovine serum albumin (bsa) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh), and formulated with one of four immunostimulants in a water-in-oil emulsion. specific antibody responses to the peptide and each carrier protein were evaluated. while the antibody response to klh was stronger than the response to bs ... | 2017 | 28866277 |
| recombinant hsp33 and ompc protein can serve as promising divalent vaccine with protection against vibrio anguillarum and edwardsiella tarda in flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). | vibrio anguillarum and edwardsiella tarda are severe aquaculture pathogens shared similar epidemiological characteristics and susceptible to flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). in our previous studies, recombinant(r) protein heat shock protein 33 (rhsp33) from v. anguillarum and outer membrane protein c (rompc) from e. tarda were proved to have protection against v. anguillarum and e. tarda, respectively. in this paper, the cross protection of rhsp33 against e. tarda and rompc against v. anguilla ... | 2018 | 29309834 |
| identification and expression of complement component c8α, c8β and c8γ gene in half-smooth tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis) and c8α recombinant protein antibacterial activity analysis. | complement component c8, which mediates membrane attack complex formation and bacterial lysis, plays important roles in the complement system. the cdna sequences of the c8α, c8β and c8γ genes were cloned from half-smooth tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis). full-length cdna of csc8α (c8α of c. semilaevis), csc8β and csc8γ was 1990, 2219 and 886 bp, respectively, which contained open reading frames of 1797, 1749 and 666 bp, encoding 598, 582 and 221 amino acids, respectively. the deduced protein ... | 2018 | 29146450 |
| immunological responses and disease resistance of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles following dietary administration of stinging nettle (urtica dioica). | the present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of stinging nettle (urtica dioica) on growth performance, skin mucus, immune response and disease resistance of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fed with diets supplemented with u. dioica at 0, 1, 2 and 3%. after 8 weeks of feeding, the addition of u. dioica at 3% level resulted in improved weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio significantly when compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). hematological r ... | 2017 | 29017944 |
| effect of a lect2 on the immune response of peritoneal lecukocytes against vibrio anguillarum in roughskin sculpin. | leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (lect2) is a multi-functional protein that is mainly synthesized by the liver. however, its role in roughskin scalping is less known. here, we cloned a leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (tflect2) genes in the liver of roughskin scalping, trachidermus fasciatus, and studied its possible role involved in the immune response against vibrio anguillarum (v. anguillarum) of peritoneal lecukocytes under in vivo conditions. the cdna sequence of tflect2 is 566 bp in ... | 2018 | 29331349 |
| role of a macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (marco) in regulating monocyte/macrophage functions in ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. | macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (marco) plays essential roles in phagocytic cell-mediated innate immune responses. however, studies regarding marco, especially its functions, are limited in teleost species. in this study, we identified a marco molecule (pamarco) from ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). pamarco shared conserved functional domains with its mammalian counterparts. sequence analysis showed that pamarco was most closely related to its rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) coun ... | 2018 | 29305330 |
| molecular characterization and expression analysis of large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea) interleukin-12a, 16 and 34 after poly i:c and vibrio anguillarum challenge. | interleukin-12, 16 and 34 are important pro-inflammatory cytokines, some of the most important components of the innate immunity system. herein, we identified interleukin-12a (lcil12a), 16 (lcil16) and 34 (lcil34) in large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea), and determined their expression profile in unchallenged and challenged tissues. the coding sequence (cds) of lcil12a comprised 600 bp long encoding a protein of 199 amino acids (aa), the cds of lcil16 was 2454 bp encoding a protein of 817 ... | 2017 | 29292198 |
| identification of an interferon-stimulated gene, isg15, involved in host immune defense against viral infections in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.). | interferons (ifns) play a key role in the innate immunity of vertebrates against viral infections by inducing hundreds of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs), such as isg15. isg15 is an ubiquitin-like protein, which can conjugate cellular and viral proteins in a process called isgylation, although it can also act as a cytokine-like protein. gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) is an important asymptomatic carrier of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) and nodavirus, representing a threat to othe ... | 2018 | 29277364 |
| amino acids as modulators of the european seabass, dicentrarchus labrax, innate immune response: an in vitro approach. | teleost innate immune system is a most developed and powerful system in which fish highly rely throughout their lives. conditions in aquaculture farms are particularly prone to disease, thus, health and welfare ensuring strategies are an urgent call to which nutrition is gradually becoming a most regarded achievement tool. this study intended to evaluate different amino acids' effect on immune-related mechanisms as well as their potential as enhancers of european seabass, dicentrarchus labrax, l ... | 2017 | 29269876 |
| wild eel microbiome reveals that skin mucus of fish could be a natural niche for aquatic mucosal pathogen evolution. | fish skin mucosal surfaces (sms) are quite similar in composition and function to some mammalian ms and, in consequence, could constitute an adequate niche for the evolution of mucosal aquatic pathogens in natural environments. we aimed to test this hypothesis by searching for metagenomic and genomic evidences in the sms-microbiome of a model fish species (anguilla anguilla or eel), from different ecosystems (four natural environments of different water salinity and one eel farm) as well as the ... | 2017 | 29268781 |
| the inducible microrna-203 in fish represses the inflammatory responses to gram-negative bacteria by targeting il-1 receptor-associated kinase 4. | innate immune responses are the first defense against pathogenic invaders. activation and termination of these immune responses are regulated by several mechanisms. micrornas (mirnas), a group of small non-coding rnas, have been implicated in the regulation of a spectrum of both physiological and pathological conditions, including immune responses. although immune regulatory mirnas networks in higher vertebrates have been well described, regulation of these responses in fish species is poorly und ... | 2017 | 29242191 |
| peptidoglycan recognition protein of solen grandis (sgpgrp-s1) mediates immune recognition and bacteria clearance. | peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) are indispensable molecules in innate immunity due to their prominent function in sensing and eliminating invading microorganisms. in the present study, a short type pgrp from razor clam solen grandis (sgpgrp-s1) was recombinantly expressed and purified to investigate its potential function in innate immunity. as a pattern recognition receptor, recombinant sgpgrp-s1 (rsgpgrp-s1) specifically bind lys-type and dap-type peptidoglycan in vitro, but not lip ... | 2018 | 29208495 |
| expression profiles of the p38 mapk signaling pathway from chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis in response to viral and bacterial infections. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular response to inflammatory cytokines, environmental stress and pathogenic infection, however, compared with mammals and insects, the potential function of p38 mapk from chinese shrimp (fenneropenaeus chinensis) in response to viruses and bacterial infection is limited. in the study, the immune responses of four genes mkk3, mkk4, p38 and atf-2 from f. chinensis were investigated in defending against white ... | 2018 | 29155327 |
| sialic acid-binding lectins (sabls) from solen grandis function as prrs ensuring immune recognition and bacterial clearance. | sialic acid-binding lectins (sabls) are ubiquitous ancient molecules with binding properties to n-acetyl or n-glycolyl carbohydrates, and play crucial roles in both adaptive and innate immune responses. in present study, recombinant protein and antibodies of two sabls from mollusk solen grandis (sgsabl-1 and sgsabl-2) were prepared to investigate their functions in innate immunity. the recombinant protein of sgsabl-1 (rsgsabl-1) could bind lps, pgn and β-glucan in vitro, while rsgsabl-2 could on ... | 2018 | 29146448 |
| isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation in vibrio anguillarum results in virulence attenuation and immunoprotection in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | vibrio anguillarum is an extracellular bacterial pathogen that is a causative agent of vibriosis in finfish and crustaceans with mortality rates ranging from 30% to 100%. mutations in central metabolism (glycolysis and the tca cycle) of intracellular pathogens often result in attenuated virulence due to depletion of required metabolic intermediates; however, it was not known whether mutations in central metabolism would affect virulence in an extracellular pathogen such as v. anguillarum. | 2017 | 29137620 |
| immune response of interferon-γ-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (gilt) from chinese sturgeon (acipenser sinensis) to microbial invasion and its antioxdative activity in lipopolysaccharides-treated mammalian dentritic cells. | interferon-γ-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (gilt) plays an important role in the major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen processing of endocytosed proteins via catalyzing the disulfide bond reduction in the endocytic pathway. here, the cdna of chinese sturgeon (acipenser sinensis) gilt (csgilt) was cloned. it contained an open reading frame of 762 nucleotides encoding a protein of 254 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 28.1 kda. the characteristic structural feat ... | 2018 | 29133251 |
| molecular characterization of a cc motif chemokine 19-like gene in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) and its role in leukocyte trafficking. | the cc motif chemokine 19 (ccl19) functions in acute inflammation by recruiting lymphocytes and other cells. however, ccl19 has only been investigated in few fish species. in this study, we characterized a ccl19-like molecule (paccl19l) in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis), a teleost fish. sequence analysis revealed that paccl19l was most closely related to atlantic salmon (salmon salar) ccl19l1, which belonged to the fish ccl19a.1 subcluster. paccl19l was constitutively expressed in the tested ayu t ... | 2018 | 29128493 |
| potential outer membrane protein candidates for vaccine development against the pathogen vibrio anguillarum: a reverse vaccinology based identification. | reverse vaccinology is a widely used approach that has facilitated the rapid identification of vaccine candidates suitable in vaccine development for pathogens. vibrio anguillarum is a major pathogen responsible for vibriosis in fish and shellfish leading to huge economic losses to the aquaculture industry. although commercial vaccines are available for fish against this bacterium they have their own limitations. in this study, we used the reverse vaccinology strategy to screen and identify v. a ... | 2017 | 29119233 |
| salinity-based toxicity of cuo nanoparticles, cuo-bulk and cu ion to vibrio anguillarum. | bacteria are used in ecotoxicology for their important role in marine ecosystems and their quick, reproducible responses. here we applied a recently proposed method to assess the ecotoxicity of nanomaterials on the ubiquitous marine bacterium vibrio anguillarum, as representative of brackish and marine ecosystems. the test allows the determination of 6-h ec50 in a wide range of salinity, by assessing the reduction of bacteria actively replicating and forming colonies. the toxicity of copper oxid ... | 2017 | 29118743 |
| poly-β-hydroxybutyrate administration during early life: effects on performance, immunity and microbial community of european sea bass yolk-sac larvae. | the reliable production of marine fish larvae is one of the major bottlenecks in aquaculture due to high mortalities mainly caused by infectious diseases. to evaluate if the compound poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (phb) might be a suitable immunoprophylactic measure in fish larviculture, its capacity to improve immunity and performance in european sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) yolk-sac larvae was explored. phb was applied from mouth opening onwards to stimulate the developing larval immune system at t ... | 2017 | 29118332 |
| two novel calreticulin-related molecules with microbial binding and phagocytosis enhancing capacity in the half-smooth tongue sole, cynoglossus semilaevis. | calreticulin (crt) is highly conserved chaperone located in the endoplasmic reticulum. it plays important roles in innate immunity. although various immune-related functions of crt have been reported in vertebrates and invertebrates, information on the potential functions of teleost crt is very limited. in the present study, we characterized two calreticulin-related molecules from tongue sole (cynoglossus semilaevis), calreticulin-like1 and calreticulin-like2 (cscrtl1 and cscrtl2). cscrtl1and cs ... | 2018 | 29104090 |
| isolation and characterization of bacteria colonizing acartia tonsa copepod eggs and displaying antagonist effects against vibrio anguillarum, vibrio alginolyticus and other pathogenic strains. | copepods represent a major source of food for many aquatic species of commercial interest for aquaculture such as mysis shrimp and early stages of fishes. for the purpose of this study, the culturable mesophilic bacterial flora colonizing acartia tonsa copepod eggs was isolated and identified. a total of 175 isolates were characterized based on their morphological and biochemical traits. the majority of these isolates (70%) were gram-negative bacteria. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization ... | 2017 | 29085344 |
| characterization of a double wap domain-containing protein from the red swamp crayfish procambarus clarkii. | crustaceans express multiple whey acidic protein (wap) domain containing proteins which are components of host immunity. in the present study, a new double wap domain containing protein was identified from red swamp crayfish procambarus clarkii, designated pc-dwd. the orf is 387 bp, encoding 128 amino acids consisting of signal peptide of 18 residues, and two tandem wap domains of 38 and 44 residues. multiple alignment indicates the presence of conserved motifs in both wap domains, and phylogene ... | 2017 | 29054827 |
| activation of toll pathway is different between kuruma shrimp and drosophila. | the toll pathway is essential for inducing an immune response to defend against bacterial invasion in vertebrates and invertebrates. although toll receptors and the transcription factor dorsal were identified in different shrimp, relatively little is known about how the toll pathway is activated or the function of the pathway in shrimp antibacterial immunity. in this study, three tolls (toll1-3) and the dorsal were identified in marsupenaeus japonicus. the toll pathway can be activated by gram-p ... | 2017 | 28979261 |
| transcriptome mining of immune-related genes in the muricid snail concholepas concholepas. | the population of the chilean endemic marine gastropod concholepas concholepas locally called "loco" has dramatically decreased in the past 50 years as a result of intense activity of local fisheries and high environmental variability observed along the chilean coast, including episodes of hypoxia, changes in sea surface temperature, ocean acidification and diseases. in this study, we set out to explore the molecular basis of c. concholepas to cope with biotic stressors such as exposure to the p ... | 2017 | 28962882 |
| the tlr13-myd88-nf-κb signalling pathway of cyclina sinensis plays vital roles in innate immune responses. | toll-like receptors, the best known pattern recognition receptors, play important roles in recognizing non-self molecules and binding pathogen-associated molecular patterns in the innate immune system. in the present research, the cdna and protein characterization of the tlr signalling pathway genes including irak4, trak6 and ikkα (named csirak4, cstraf6 and csikkα, respectively) with the typical motifs from cyclina sinensis showed significant similarity with their homologues from other shellfis ... | 2017 | 28958897 |
| stationary phase-dependent accumulation of ectoine is an efficient adaptation strategy in vibrio anguillarum against cold stress. | the capability of cold-adaptation is a prerequisite of microorganisms that survive in an environment with frequent fluctuations in temperature. as a global causative agent of vibriosis in marine fish farming, vibrio anguillarum can efficiently grow and proliferate under cold-stress conditions, which is 15°c lower than the optimal growth temperatures (25-30°c). our data showed that v. anguillarum was able to synthesize ectoine de novo and that ectoine was essential for its growth under cold stres ... | 2017 | 28942848 |
| expression and functional characterization of interferon regulatory factors 4, 8, and 9 in large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea). | interferon regulatory factor (irf)-4, 8, and 9 are essential in host defense against pathogens. here, the full-length coding sequence (cds), protein structure, and immune response of irf4/8/9 (lc irf4/8/9) were characterized in large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea). the open reading frame of lcirf4, lcirf8 and lcirf9 encoded putative proteins of 463,422 and 406 amino acids, respectively. these irfs share high sequence homology with other vertebrate irfs and were constitutively expressed in ... | 2018 | 28928075 |
| comparative study of three c1q domain containing proteins from pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | c1q domain containing proteins (c1qdcs) are a family of proteins containing a globular head c1q domain (ghc1q) in c-terminus, which serve as pattern recognition receptors (prrs) and mediate a series of immune responses. in the present study, three c1qdc proteins from pacific oyster crassostrea gigas (cgc1qdc-2, cgc1qdc-3, cgc1qdc-4) were characterized and comparatively investigated to understand their roles in the immune response. all the three recombinant cgc1qdc proteins (rcgc1qdcs) could bind ... | 2018 | 28923592 |
| pfma, a novel quorum-quenching n-acylhomoserine lactone acylase from pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra. | many bacteria, such as proteobacteria, cyanobacteria and bacteroidetes, use n-acylhomoserine lactones (ahls) as quorum-sensing (qs) signal molecules for communication. enzymatic degradation of ahls, such as ahl acylase and ahl lactonase, can degrade ahls (quorum quenching, qq) to attenuate or disarm the virulence of pathogens. qq is confirmed to be common in marine bacterial communities. many genes encoding ahl acylases are found in marine bacteria and metagenomic collections, but only a few of ... | 2017 | 28920855 |
| two novel lrr and ig domain-containing proteins from oyster crassostrea gigas function as pattern recognition receptors and induce expression of cytokines. | leucine-rich repeat (lrr) domain and immunoglobulin (ig) domain are both competent immune recognition modules, and the immunological roles of lrr and ig domain containing- proteins (lrrigs) are speculated to be multifunctional and worth investigating. in the present study, two novel lrrigs, cglrrig-1 and cglrrig-2, were identified and characterized from oyster crassostrea gigas. both of them contained an n-terminal lrr region, an ig domain, a transmembrane region, and a c-terminal cytoplasmic ta ... | 2017 | 28889011 |
| modulatory in vitro effect of stress hormones on the cytokine response of rainbow trout and gilthead sea bream head kidney stimulated with vibrio anguillarum bacterin. | in fish, the stress response and their consequences in the immune system have been widely described. recently, a differential cytokine regulation between rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) was reported after treatment with stress hormones together with their receptor antagonists. nevertheless, there is no evidence of whether antagonists for stress hormone receptors may influence the interaction between hormones and cytokines after bacterial administration. ... | 2017 | 28882798 |
| molecular characterization, expression and functional analysis of two kazal-type serine protease inhibitors from venerupis philippinarum. | kazal-type serine protease inhibitors (kspis) act as negative regulators in immune signaling pathway by controlling the extent of serine protease (sp) activities. in this study, the full-length cdna of two kspis (designed as vpkspi-1 and vpkspi-2) were identified from venerupis philippinarum by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the open reading frame (orf) of vpkspi-1 and vpkspi-2 was of 552 bp and 402 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 183 and 133 amino acids, respectively. the tra ... | 2017 | 28882790 |
| ocean acidification and pathogen exposure modulate the immune response of the edible mussel mytilus chilensis. | ocean acidification (oa) is one of the main consequences of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (co2), impacting key biological processes of marine organisms such as development, growth and immune response. however, there are scarce studies on the influence of oa on marine invertebrates' ability to cope with pathogens. this study evaluated the single and combined effects of oa and bacterial infection on the transcription expression of genes related to antioxidant system, antimicrobial peptides ... | 2017 | 28870859 |
| molecular characterization and expression analysis of the large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea) chemokine receptors cxcr2, cxcr3, and cxcr4 after bacterial and poly i:c challenge. | the large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea) has a well-developed innate immune system. we studied a component of this system, chemokine receptor cxcr family. in this study, we report the full-length open reading frames, as well as the identification and characterization of the chemokine receptor genes cxcr2 (lyccxcr2), cxcr3 (lyccxcr3), and cxcr4 (lyccxcr4) of large yellow croaker. we report that lyccxcr3 and lyccxcr4 are evolving neutrally according to paml analyses. quantitative real-time p ... | 2017 | 28870858 |
| the polymorphism of chicken-type lysozyme gene in japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) and its association with resistance/susceptibility to listonella anguillarum. | lysozyme is a crucially spread hydrolase in organisms that can defend against bacterial infection in innate immunity. in this study, we successfully sequenced the coding region of chicken-type lysozyme gene (polysc) in paralichthys olivaceus and identified nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps). we then amplified the 2500 bp promoter region of lysozyme and identified the eight sites of polymorphisms. all snps were genotyped between susceptible and resistance groups after listonella anguilla ... | 2017 | 28476668 |
| endocytosis in adult eel intestine: immunological detection of phagocytic cells in the surface epithelium. | this study was undertaken to isolate groups of eel (anguilla japonica) intestinal cells undergoing active endocytosis in vivo and to localize these cells within the intestinal epithelium. a monoclonal antibody (8f1) of the immunoglobulin m class containing kappa light chains was raised against such endocytic cells. ninetythree percent of the 8f1-positive cells absorbed fluorescent isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran from the intestinal lumen in vivo during a 30-min incubation, and they retained th ... | 1993 | 29300546 |