| three mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2: one lacking the genes us10, us11 and us12 and two in which rs has been extended by 6 kb to 0.91 map units with loss of us sequences between 0.94 and the us/trs junction. | in the process of generating restriction endonuclease site deletion mutants, we have isolated and characterized three mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), strain hg52, with large genomic deletions in us and trs. the deleted sequences (7.5 kb) extend from 0.94 map coordinates (m.c.) to 0.99 m.c. and are presumed to contain the hsv-2 gene equivalents of us10, 11 and 12, one copy of immediate early (ie) gene 3 and one copy of an origin of replication (oris). one of the mutants (hg52x163x ... | 1987 | 3027237 |
| dna sequence and genetic content of the hindiii l region in the short unique component of the herpes simplex virus type 2 genome: identification of the gene encoding glycoprotein g, and evolutionary comparisons. | the dna sequence was determined of the hindiii l fragment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), which is located in the short unique region of the hsv-2 genome. hindiii l was found to comprise 9629 base pairs. comparison with the previously determined corresponding sequence for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), and limited mrna mapping, showed that hindiii l contained six genes (termed us2 to us7) and part of another (us8). the hsv-1 and hsv-2 sequences were found to be generally colinear, ... | 1987 | 3027242 |
| nucleosides. 139. synthesis and anticytomegalovirus and antiherpes simplex virus activity of 5'-modified analogues of 2'-fluoroarabinosylpyrimidine nucleosides. | in order to determine if modification of the 5'-position reduces or abolishes the antiviral activity of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-c (fiac), 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-ara-u (fiau), or 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-ara-u (fmau) against human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv), the 5'-deoxy, 5'-mercapto, and 5'-amino analogues of these nucleosides were prepared. 5'-deoxy-fiac and 5'-deoxy-fiau were prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of 5'-iodo-fiac and 5'-iodo-fiau to 5'-deoxy-fac and 5'-deoxy-fau, resp ... | 1987 | 3027334 |
| structure and expression of the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gb gene. | the gene for glycoprotein gb2 of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain 333 was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in mammalian cells. the gb2 protein had an overall nucleotide and amino acid sequence homology of 86% with the cognate gb1 protein. however, of the 125 amino acid substitutions or deletions, only 12.5% were conservative replacements. these differences were clustered within an nh2-terminal region, a central region, and a cooh-terminal region, resulting in domains of near identity broken by ... | 1987 | 3027364 |
| a single-base change within the dna polymerase locus of herpes simplex virus type 2 can confer resistance to aphidicolin. | an aphidicolin-resistant (aphr) mutant of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 strain 186 previously has been shown to induce an altered viral dna polymerase that is more resistant to aphidicolin and more sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid (paa) than is wild-type dna polymerase. in this study the mutation responsible for the aphidicolin-resistant phenotype was physically mapped by marker transfer experiments. the physical map limits for the aphr mutation were contained in a 1.1-kilobase pair region ... | 1987 | 3027369 |
| herpes simplex type ii encephalitis in infancy presenting with focal encephalitis. | herpes virus was recovered from a throat swab, nasopharyngeal washings as well as from brain tissue from a six-month-old infant, who presented with fever, left focal seizures and an enhancing right frontal ct-scan lesion. cytopathic effect (cpe) as seen with genital herpetic infection was seen, suggesting hsv-2. immunofluorescent typing of the virus isolate confirmed hsv-2. early igm positivity preceding a cf and sn titer rise was observed. the patient received a course of ara-a and recovered wi ... | 1986 | 3027605 |
| characterization of a herpes simplex virus type 2 deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase and mapping of a gene conferring type specificity for the enzyme. | the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-induced deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dutpase) was purified approximately 600 +/- 43-fold using a combination of affinity, hydrophobic, absorption, and ion-exchange chromatography techniques. the only substrate for the dutpase was dutp with a km of 3.6 +/- 1.1 microm. there was no apparent divalent cation requirement, but the hsv-2-induced dutpase was inhibited by edta (0.1 mm) and this inhibition was reversed by either co2+ (0.5 mm) or mg ... | 1987 | 3027979 |
| a synthetic peptide induces long-term protection from lethal infection with herpes simplex virus 2. | immunization against viral pathogens is generally directed toward the induction of virus neutralizing antibody (vna) and the maintenance of the potential for a second-set (igg) response. indeed, an elevated level of specific antibody is considered a reliable clinical indicator that a state of immunity exists in the host. however, in the case of herpes simplex virus (hsv), the presence of circulating vna does not necessarily correlate with protection. thus, it has been found that secondary infect ... | 1987 | 3029270 |
| effects of the epipodophyllotoxin vp-16-213 on herpes simplex virus type 2 replication. | it has been recently shown that vp-16-213, a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, inhibits the function of mammalian dna topoisomerase ii. in the present study, we examined the effects of vp-16-213 on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). the compound did not inhibit the synthesis of early viral polypeptides at concentrations at which viral dna synthesis was strongly suppressed, but induced double-strand breaks in newly synthesized hsv dna. electron microscopic examina ... | 1987 | 3029314 |
| antiviral antibodies in the sera of homosexual men: correlation with their lifestyle and drug usage. | healthy homosexual men between the ages of 21 and 65 years, from the washington, dc (n = 162), and new york city (n = 89) areas, were studied for antibodies in the serum against cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, and epstein barr virus (ebv) viral capsid antigen (vca). cmv-specific antibodies were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), anti-hsv-1 and -2 antibodies were measured by indirect hemagglutination (iha), and antibodies to ebv vca were measure ... | 1987 | 3029318 |
| mutants defective in herpes simplex virus type 2 icp4: isolation and preliminary characterization. | vero cells were biochemically transformed with the gene encoding icp4 of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). these cells were used as permissive hosts to isolate and propagate hsv-2 mutants defective in this gene. two mutants, designated hr259 and hr79, were isolated. neither mutant grew in nontransformed vero cells, but both grew to near wild-type levels in hsv-2 icp4-expressing cells. hr259 contains a deletion of about 0.6 kilobases which eliminates the mrna start site of the icp4 gene. hr79 ... | 1987 | 3029403 |
| antigenic cross-reactions among herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, epstein-barr virus, and cytomegalovirus. | polyvalent rabbit antisera against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), cytomegalovirus (cmv), and epstein-barr virus (ebv), monospecific antisera against affinity-purified hsv-2 glycoproteins gb and gg, and a panel of monoclonal antibodies against hsv and ebv proteins were used to analyze cross-reactive molecules in cells infected with the four herpesviruses. a combination of immunoprecipitation and western blotting with these reagents was used to determine that all four viruses ... | 1987 | 3029407 |
| prevalence of htlv iii/lav and other viral antibodies in normal and at risk populations. | the prevalence of htlv iii/lav antibody has been studied in six groups of population: healthy subjects, a virological laboratory staff, prisoners, drug addicts, patients with lymphoadenopathy-associated syndrome (las) and patients with aids. prevalences and levels in the same groups of hbsag and cmv, hsv 1 and hsv 2 antibodies have been studied, too. as expected, the prevalence of htlv iii/lav antibody increases in the six groups with the increasing of the risk while the prevalences of the other ... | 1986 | 3030363 |
| purification and structural characterization of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c. | purification of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c (gc) in microgram amounts yielded sufficient material for an analysis of its secondary structure. purification was facilitated by using the mutant virus gc-3, which bears a point mutation that interrupts the putative hydrophobic membrane anchor sequence, causing the secretion of gc-3 protein into the cell culture medium. gc-3 protein was purified by size fractionation of concentrated culture medium from infected cells on a gel filtration column ... | 1987 | 3030409 |
| virus-specific dth prevents contralateral retinitis following intracameral inoculation of hsv-2. | following inoculation of hsv-1 (kos strain) into the anterior chamber of one eye of a balb/c mouse, the virus travels to the uninoculated contralateral eye and contributes to the devastating retinal necrosis which occurs in this eye 10-12 days p.i. in parallel experiments, hsv-2 (ms strain) was inoculated uniocularly via the anterior chamber route; animals were sacrificed at intervals and their eyes removed for histopathology and virus culture. histopathological examination revealed that, in con ... | 1987 | 3030636 |
| protective effect of passive immunization on herpetic retinitis of newborn rabbits. | we studied the protective effects of passive immunization with virus specific antibody in newborn rabbits inoculated subcutaneously with type 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv-2). newborn rabbits given anti-hsv-2 antibody intraperitoneally (ip) on days 0, 2 and 4 post infection had smaller herpetic skin lesions and reduced mortality when compared to controls. in addition, the ip treatment using this schedule reduced virus growth in the skin lesions and virus dissemination, so that it decreased the fre ... | 1987 | 3030640 |
| nucleotide sequences important in dna replication are responsible for differences in the capacity of two herpes simplex virus strains to spread from cornea to central nervous system. | two herpes simplex virus (hsv) intertypic recombinants were isolated with genomes composed entirely of hsv-2(186) nucleotide sequences except for a 6.0 kb segment of hsv-1(17) dna positioned between 0.40 and 0.44 map units. following corneal infection of mice, hsv-1(17) and the two intertypic recombinants spread from infected eyes into the central nervous system and induced a fatal encephalitis. ocular infection with the hsv-2(186) parent did not lead to detectable amounts of virus in the brain, ... | 1987 | 3030643 |
| failure of intertypic recombinant constructed from hsv-1 x hsv-2 virulent parents to induce ocular pathology. | an intertypic recombinant constructed from hsv-1 x hsv-2 parents was isolated which failed to induce any overt ocular pathology when inoculated onto the sacrificed cornea of four-week-old sjl/j mice. during the 24-48 hour post-infection period there was transient virus replication but by day 3 the infectious titer in the eye had dropped by greater than or equal to 10(4)-fold, and little or no virus could be recovered thereafter. when immunosuppressed (600 r) mice were infected corneally, virus c ... | 1987 | 3030649 |
| vaccination with recombinant herpes simplex virus glycoproteins: protection against initial and recurrent genital herpes. | the natural history of initial and subsequent recurrent herpes simplex virus (hsv) genital infection was studied in guinea pigs immunized with hsv glycoprotein vaccines before vaginal challenge with hsv-2. the vaccines used included hsv-1 glycoprotein b and hsv-1 glycoprotein d, both prepared by recombinant dna techniques, and mixtures of hsv-1 or hsv-2 glycoproteins, prepared from infected cell monolayers by lectin chromatography. immunizing guinea pigs with subunit hsv glycoprotein vaccines fa ... | 1987 | 3031173 |
| immunization of experimental animals with reconstituted glycoprotein mixtures of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2: protection against challenge with virulent virus. | artificial mixtures of the glycoproteins b, c, d, and e of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), purified individually from infected vero cell lysates by immunoaffinity to monoclonal antibodies, were bound to an aluminum hydroxide gel and were used to immunize mice, guinea pigs, and owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus) once or twice (mice and guinea pigs) to as many as four times (owl monkeys). in all animals tested, low levels of neutralizing antibodies were detected only after two or more ... | 1987 | 3031174 |
| acquisition of concomitant oral and genital infection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | primary oral and genital infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 were diagnosed in an 18-year-old female. a history of sexual practices was critical in determining the anatomic sites of infection. restriction endonuclease analysis of viral dnas helped to identify the male sexual partner from whom the virus had been acquired. he had been infected recently by a previous sexual partner but had not yet developed lesions. clinicians should obtain a history of sexual practices from patients w ... | 1987 | 3031834 |
| clinical epidemiology of symptomatic primary herpetic infection in children. a study of 50 cases. | we have studied a series of 50 children with clinical primary herpetic infection during 1975-1985. our data confirm: absence of sex differences and seasonal variations, a peak age of incidence between 6 and 24 months, a prevalence of patients of lower social status, evidence of recurrent herpes labialis as the most frequent source of infection, and frequency of herpes simplex virus 1 gingivostomatitis. the relevant findings of this study were as follows: herpes simplex virus 2 was isolated in 10 ... | 1987 | 3031926 |
| transcriptional induction of proto-oncogene fos by hsv-2. | hsv-2 induces the transcription of c-fos gene in both human (diploid) cell strains and mouse (heteroploid) cell lines. hsv-1 is incapable of such induction. the induction of transcription is rapid and transient in both cell types. the product of transcriptional induction of c-fos in mouse cells is mainly a 4.5 kb fos mrna along with lesser amount of a 2.2 kb fos mrna, while in human cells the 4.5 kb mrna is the only detectable product. both the 4.5 kb and 2.2 kb fos mrnas are mature gene product ... | 1987 | 3032180 |
| viral alkaline nuclease in intranuclear dense bodies induced by herpes simplex infection. | the distribution of the herpes simplex virus alkaline nuclease (hsv dnase) in rabbit fibroblast cells infected with hsv type 1 or 2 (hsv-1 or hsv-2) has been examined with the aid of immunocytochemical techniques using gold particles as markers. hsv dnase was found to be accumulated within infected nuclei as early as 2.5 hr post-infection. labeled antibody to hsv dnase subsequently increased in all nuclei after 7 hr and 17 hr. at all times post-infection the virus induced nuclear dense bodies we ... | 1986 | 3032315 |
| inhibitory effect of azone (1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one) on herpes simplex viruses. in vivo and in vitro studies. | enhanced activity of antiviral agents, when mixed with a penetration enhancer like azone (1-dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one) in topical preparations, is well-recognized. these studies were undertaken to investigate whether azone, per se, has any activity against herpes simplex (hsv) type 1 and type 2 viruses. when hsv-1 and hsv-2 were mixed with 5, 10 and 20% azone, there was a 1-4.5 log10 decrease in virus titers. the efficacy of 5 and 10% azone applied topically was evaluated during the treatment ... | 1987 | 3032527 |
| effect of dehydrating agents on dna organization in herpes viruses. | with routine procedures of epon- or gma-embedding and a stain specific for dna, the nucleoid of mature herpes simplex virus-type 1 (hsv-1) assumes the well-known form of a short, compact, hollow cylinder or torus. a new, more complex organization of dna filaments in encapsidated hsv-1 was found in infected cells after aldehyde fixation, methanol dehydration, and lowicryl embedment. we have determined that it is the use of methanol as dehydrating agent that permits visualization of this internal ... | 1987 | 3033063 |
| suppression of delayed type hypersensitivity to herpes simplex virus type 1 following immunization with anti-idiotypic antibody: an example of split tolerance. | intraperitoneal (i.p.) immunization with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) or an anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-id c) prepared against a monoclonal antibody specific for glycoprotein c of hsv-1, tolerizes mice for an hsv-1 delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) response. this tolerization could be adoptively transferred to naive x-irradiated mice by splenic t cells, and was specific for hsv-1 dth. thus, dth-tolerized mice responded to vaccinia virus or hsv-2 challenge, while remaining tolerized fo ... | 1987 | 3033128 |
| virulence is not conserved in recombinants between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the virulence of 31 herpes simplex virus type 1 x herpes simplex virus type 2 intertypic recombinants was determined following intraperitoneal inoculation into cba mice. only eight of the recombinants killed any of the mice and of these, only one recombinant was as virulent as its type 2 parent, the other seven recombinants being intermediate between their type 1 and type 2 parental viruses in virulence. these results indicate that most heterotypic combinations are attenuated independently of th ... | 1987 | 3033143 |
| processing of the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gg-2 results in secretion of a 34,000-mr cleavage product. | herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein gg-2 undergoes a cleavage event during its synthesis and processing. the focus of this report is on the detection and fate of the small-molecular-weight component of gg-2, designated the 34k component. in cultures containing the inhibitor monensin, a 31k component accumulated within infected cells. in contrast, the intracellular accumulation of this 31k precursor was not detected in cultures grown in the absence of the inhibitor. however, the 34k componen ... | 1987 | 3033302 |
| recurrences after oral and genital herpes simplex virus infection. influence of site of infection and viral type. | we prospectively followed 39 adults with concurrent primary herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection (12 with hsv type 1 and 27 with hsv type 2) of the oropharynx and genitalia, caused by the same virus in each person, to evaluate the influence of viral type (hsv-1 vs. hsv-2) and site of infection (oropharyngeal vs. genital) on the frequency of recurrence. the subsequent recurrence patterns of hsv infection differed markedly according to viral type and anatomical site. oral-labial recurrences develo ... | 1987 | 3033506 |
| inhibition of cell-associated herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoproteins by delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. | this study was conducted to define the effect of micromolar concentrations of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-thc) on the biosynthesis and expression of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2)-specified glycoproteins. dose-related reductions in all species of virus glycoproteins were recorded by one-dimensional sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and autoradiography of [14c]glucosamine-labeled infected vero cells treated with 10(-7) to 10(-5) m delta 9-thc. a drug dose-related dep ... | 1987 | 3033681 |
| herpes simplex virus gene products involved in the induction of chromosomal aberrations. | the effect of short-term herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection on chromosomes of human diploid fibroblasts was examined. in addition to chromosomal breaks, gaps and pulverization, three kinds of cytogenetic damage (double minutes, polyploidy and endoreduplication) not yet reported following productive infection with hsv or other animal viruses were frequently observed. consistent with previous studies suggesting that the expression of immediate-early and/or early viral gene products is r ... | 1986 | 3033932 |
| virus spread and initial pathological changes in the nervous system in genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice. a correlative immunohistochemical, light and electron microscopic study. | mice were infected by the vaginal route with the ms strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). serial vaginal cultures were used to confirm infection and to select mice for this study. two mice were killed by perfusion on days 2-6 post infection (p.i.) and lumbar and sacral cord with cauda were fixed and embedded for electron microscopy. semithin epon-sections were stained for viral antigen using a rabbit anti-hsv-2 antiserum and the avidin-biotin (abc) method. thin sections from antigen-pos ... | 1987 | 3033978 |
| demonstration of viral thymidine kinase inhibitor and its effect on deoxynucleotide metabolism in cells infected with herpes simplex virus. | the thymidine analog 5'-ethynylthymidine was a potent inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (strain kos)-induced thymidine kinase with a ki value of 0.09 microm. 5'-ethynylthymidine was less inhibitory against herpes simplex virus type 2 (strain 333)-induced thymidine kinase with a ki of 0.38 microm and showed no inhibition against human cytosolic thymidine kinase under the conditions tested. the compound was effective against the altered thymidine kinase induced by acyclovir- and bromovinyld ... | 1987 | 3034143 |
| expression of the hsv specified major dna-binding protein in virus infected raji and vero cells. | we studied the expression of the herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) specified major dna-binding protein (icsp 11/12) in virus infected raji and vero cells. immunofluorescence staining by a specific icsp 11/12 antiserum distinguished between different cell-virus interactions. icsp 11/12 synthesized in the hsv-2 infected vero cells showed dense homogenous nuclear staining early in the infection. during virus replication the pattern changed into a less dense, somewhat marginating staining. the cor ... | 1987 | 3034205 |
| rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections in conventional and shell vial cell cultures using monoclonal antibodies. | one hundred specimens for herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolation were tested in parallel by conventional and by centrifugation-enhanced cell culture, followed by identification using monoclonal antibodies to hsv-1 and hsv-2. sensitivity was comparable by the two methods; conventional culture was only marginally slower and was easier to fit into the routine of a busy laboratory. it is, therefore, advocated for hsv detection in clinical specimens. | 1987 | 3034946 |
| effect of micromolar concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on herpes simplex virus type 2 replication in vitro. | the effect of micromolar concentrations of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-thc) on the in vitro replication and biosynthesis of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2) was determined. a 100-fold increase in extracellular virus was recorded for infected vero cells pretreated with 10(-6) m or 10(-5) m drug when compared to infected vehicle-treated controls. however, no significant differences were observed in the production of total infectious virus for any of the vehicle or drug-treated cultures ... | 1987 | 3035199 |
| regulation by recombinant interleukin-2 of protective immunity against recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 genital infection in guinea pigs. | the goal of our study was to determine whether recombinant interleukin-2 (ril-2) could modify the recurrence pattern of chronic herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) genital infection in guinea pigs. animals that developed symptomatic acute hsv-2 infection were distributed at 14 days after viral inoculation into several treatment groups, which were similar with respect to the severity of acute disease. three ril-2 dosages administered for 4 weeks in daily subcutaneous injections were tested in thi ... | 1987 | 3035213 |
| identification of a novel herpes simplex virus type 1-induced glycoprotein which complexes with ge and binds immunoglobulin. | we detected a glycoprotein on the surface of cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) which, in conjunction with ge, binds immunoglobulin g (igg). the novel glycoprotein, which has an apparent molecular mass of 70 kilodaltons and was provisionally named g70, was first detected in extracts of hsv-1-infected cells labeled by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination and precipitated with rabbit sera or igg and protein a-sepharose. in subsequent experiments, g70 and ge were coprecipitated ... | 1987 | 3035221 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein biogenesis: effect of monensin on glycoprotein maturation, intracellular transport and virus infectivity. | the ionophore monensin inhibited the formation of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) particles by about 30% but the yields of infectious particles were reduced to 5% and 1% for cell-associated and extracellular virus, respectively. the presence of monensin did not affect the processing of the two viral glycoproteins gb-2 and gg-2. however, two other glycoproteins, gc-2 and gd-2, were not processed to their fully mature forms in the monensin-treated cells and only the faster moving pgc-2 and pgd ... | 1987 | 3037016 |
| virus-specific igm and igg antibody production by b cells during herpes simplex virus type 2-induced immunosuppression as analysed by an immunospot assay. | the mechanism of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2-induced immunosuppression was analysed by determination of the number of igm and igg antibody-secreting b cells in female balb/c mice using an immunospot assay. primary hsv-1 or -2 as well as homologous or heterologous booster infections at different times were performed. in accordance with earlier results on humoral antibody generation, in contrast to hsv-1, hsv-2 induced only very low numbers of antibody-producing b cells in dose-response experimen ... | 1987 | 3037017 |
| recovery of herpes simplex virus from the corneas of experimentally infected rabbits. | rabbits were inoculated in the left cornea with one of three strains of herpes simplex virus (hsv) i.e. hsv-1 strain 17, hsv-1 strain mckrae, hsv-2 strain hg52, or with and hsv-1 mckrae/hsv-2 hg52 recombinant r40/2. fifty-nine to 67 days after inoculation trigeminal ganglia and corneas were explanted and screened for release of infectious virus. virus was isolated from all left trigeminal ganglia after organ culture irrespective of viral strain. virus was isolated from three of 16 corneas of ani ... | 1987 | 3037020 |
| 2'-fluorinated arabinonucleosides of 5-(2-haloalkyl)uracil: synthesis and antiviral activity. | the synthesis of 5-(2-fluoroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (fedu, 4b), its 2'-fluoro analogue 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-(2-fluoroethyl)-1h,3h- pyrimidine-2,4-dione (fefau, 4k), and the 2'-fluoro analogue of the potent antiherpes virus compound 5-(2-chloroethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (cedu), 5-(2-chloroethyl)-1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-1h,3h-pyr imidine - 2,4-dione (cefau, 4i), is described. the antiviral activities of these compounds were determined in cell culture again ... | 1987 | 3037079 |
| the 65,000-mr dna-binding and virion trans-inducing proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1. | the possible identity of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) 65k (65,000-mr) virion protein which stimulates transcription from immediate-early genes with the hsv-1 65k dna-binding protein was investigated. the two proteins were found to be distinct by the three separate criteria of immunological reactivity, tryptic peptide fingerprinting, and mobility in two-dimensional gels. using hsv-1/hsv-2 intertypic recombinants and a serotype-specific antiserum, we located the gene encoding the 65k dn ... | 1987 | 3037105 |
| cells expressing herpes simplex virus glycoprotein gc but not gb, gd, or ge are recognized by murine virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | to determine which viral molecule(s) is recognized by herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl), target cells were constructed which express individual hsv glycoproteins. a mouse l cell line, z4/6, which constitutively expressed high levels of hsv type 2 (hsv-2) gd (gd-2) was isolated and characterized previously (d. c. johnson and j. r. smiley, j. virol. 54:682-689, 1985). despite the expression of gd on the surface of z4/6 cells, these cells were not killed by anti-hsv- ... | 1987 | 3037106 |
| sensitivity in vitro of herpes simplex virus isolates to human fibroblast interferon. | sensitivity of herpes simplex virus (hsv) isolates, from patients with recurrent infections, to human fibroblast beta interferon (ifn), was tested in vitro. among 25 hsv strains, 12 were hsv-1, isolated from facial and labial lesions, and 13 were hsv-2 isolated from genital lesions. viral sensitivity to ifn was examined on epithelial mb cell line by yield reduction and plaque reduction and close correspondence between the two methods was observed. most of hsv-1 isolates were in the same range of ... | 1987 | 3037288 |
| antibodies to the herpes simplex virus type-2-induced tumor-associated antigen ag-4 as markers of recurrence in cervical cancer. | this study was designed to evaluate the potential clinical value of ag-4 antibodies in patients with established cervical cancer, in terms of the assessment of prognosis before treatment, and monitoring the course of the cancer process during long-term follow-up. forty-seven patients were investigated during a median follow-up time of 5.4 years (range 3.5-6.2). during this time, 25 developed recurrent disease. serum was obtained from all patients before treatment and at regular intervals during ... | 1987 | 3037680 |
| an optimized thymidylate kinase assay, based on enzymatically synthesized 5-[125i]iododeoxyuridine monophosphate and its application to an immunological study of herpes simplex virus thymidine-thymidylate kinases. | the biological synthesis and purification of 5-[125i]iododeoxyuridine monophosphate (idump) are described. the specificity of idump as substrate in the thymidylate monophosphate kinase (tmpk) assay is demonstrated, and a 100-fold gain in sensitivity as compared to the conventional tmpk assay is shown. tmpk measurements of isozymes derived from herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected cells, uninfected cells, and tumor biopsies were performed. the results showed a significant difference in dependence ... | 1987 | 3037945 |
| the pathogenesis of herpetic ocular disease in the guinea pig. | a detailed study of the pathogenesis of herpetic eye disease in the guinea pig was undertaken to further develop this animal model. several well-known hsv-1 strains were tested for their ability to produce disease and cause acute and latent infections of the trigeminal ganglion: mckrae, kos, mcintyre, re, and shealey. two hsv-2 strains failed to cause eye infections. the shealey strain [hsv-1 (sh)] produced the most severe eye infections, characterized by epithelial and stromal disease, corneal ... | 1987 | 3038053 |
| nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus type 2 and comparison with the type 1 counterpart. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the dna polymerase gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 2 strain 186 has been determined. the gene included a 3720-bp major open reading frame capable of encoding 1240 amino acids. the predicted primary translation product had an mr of 137,354, which was slightly larger than its hsv-1 counterpart. a comparison of the predicted functional amino acid sequences of the hsv-1 and hsv-2 dna polymerases revealed 95.5% overall amino acid homology, the value of whic ... | 1987 | 3038677 |
| hsv-2 replication sites, monocyte and lymphocytic cell infection and virion phagocytosis by neutrophils, in vesicular lesions on penile skin. electronoptical studies of a biopsy. | from a heterosexual male with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (hsv-2) infection, a fresh intraepidermal vesicle on the penile skin was excised by punch biopsy, fixed and processed for electron microscopy. differing locations and appearances of capsids and virions were studied to elucidate true host or destroyer cells. hsv-2 propagation and virion formation occurred predominantly in multi- or mononucleate spinosum cells situated at the base of the vesicle. however, some of the monocytes, y ... | 1987 | 3038975 |
| antibody response to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d: effects of acyclovir and relation to recurrence. | we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for measuring the antibody response to herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein d (gd). the elisa was specific and more sensitive than immunoblotting techniques. antibody to hsv gd was detected in 10 of 12 sera (geometric mean titer, 36.3) obtained from hsv-2-infected guinea pigs 14 days after intravaginal inoculation, and the titer increased to greater than or equal to 5,120 on day 60. therapy with acyclovir delayed and diminished the ant ... | 1987 | 3039009 |
| genome variations in herpes simplex virus type 2 strains isolated in japan and sweden. | one-hundred and twenty-three epidemiologically unrelated strains of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) isolated in japan and sweden (68 japanese and 55 swedish isolates) were compared by analysis of their genomes using five restriction endonucleases: bamhi, kpni, ecori, hindiii and bg/ii. seven of the 93 restriction sites examined showed statistically significant variation between isolates from the two countries. however, hsv-2 isolates were less variable than the hsv-1 isolates previously anal ... | 1987 | 3039042 |
| studies on dna topoisomerases i and ii in herpes simplex virus type 2-infected cells. | it has been suggested that herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 may induce a virus-specific dna topoisomerase activity which copurifies with virus-induced dna polymerase. we have examined dna topoisomerase (topo) i and ii activities in hsv-2-infected hela s3 cells. both activities were partially purified using deae-cellulose, phosphocellulose and double-stranded dna cellulose column chromatography. it was found that both activities could be separated from hsv-2-specific dna polymerase. throughout t ... | 1987 | 3039049 |
| inflammatory sensory polyradiculopathy and reactivated peripheral nervous system infection in a genital herpes model. | to study effects of herpesvirus reactivation on the nervous system, mice with latent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections were immunosuppressed. reactivated infection was detected by virus isolation or by antigen screening in histological sections of spines that contained cords, roots, and dorsal root ganglia. in ganglia, viral antigen was restricted to 2 distinct groups at t9-l2, and l6-s2 levels. in some ganglia, antigen was found in up to 4% of non-contiguous neurons, in the ... | 1987 | 3039065 |
| macromolecular synthesis at the early stage of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) latency in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32: repression of late viral polypeptide synthesis and accumulation of cellular heat-shock proteins. | we have shown that a latent infection of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) can be established in a human neuroblastoma cell line imr-32 if the infected cells are cultured at 40 degrees c. in the present study, viral polypeptides and cellular heat-shock proteins which were synthesized in hsv-2 infected imr-32 cells cultured at 40 degrees c were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. it was found that the synthesis of late viral polypeptide icp 5 was markedly reduced in the infected cel ... | 1987 | 3039946 |
| mechanism of inhibition of herpes simplex virus replication by delta 7-prostaglandin a1 and delta 12-prostaglandin j2. | we studied the effect of prostaglandins (pgs) a1, delta 7-a1, a2, d2, e1, e2, f2 alpha, j2 and delta 12-j2 on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). of nine pgs we tested, delta 7-pga1 was found to have the most potent inhibitory effect; 50% inhibitory dose (id50) was 0.35 microgram/ml in the plaque reduction assays and hsv-2 induced protein synthesis was strongly suppressed at 0.5 microgram/ml whereas at this dose, the protein synthesis of uninfected cells was not inhibited. do ... | 1987 | 3040001 |
| type iv collagenase activity of a primary hsv-2-induced hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo metastases and in vitro clones. | the expression of a basement membrane (bm) collagen-degrading metalloprotease (type iv collagenase) was studied in a herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 transformed hamster fibrosarcoma and its in vivo derived sublines and in vitro derived clones of varying metastatic potential. the primary parent tumor was shown to release more or less type iv collagenolytic activity compared with its sublines (derived from lung nodules that developed after resection of the primary tumor). normal baby hamster kidney a ... | 1987 | 3040211 |
| structure-activity studies on synthetic peptides inhibiting herpes simplex virus ribonucleotide reductase. | herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) ribonucleotide reductase is formed by the association of two nonidentical subunits. a peptide corresponding to the cooh terminus of the subunit 2, tyr-ala-gly-ala-val-val-asn-asp-leu (h2-(7-15)), has been shown to completely inhibit the reductase activity (ic50 = 36 microm) without affecting the host isoenzyme. in order to study the relationship between chemical requirements and inhibitory potencies, a series of peptides, including fragmen ... | 1987 | 3040743 |
| isolation of a herpes simplex virus cdna encoding the dna repair enzyme uracil-dna glycosylase. | activity of the dna repair enzyme uracil-dna glycosylase has been shown to increase in herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-infected cells. when mrna derived from either hsv-1- or hsv-2-infected hela s3 cells was translated in an in vitro translation system, significant uracil-dna glycosylase activity could be detected in the lysate. this activity was specific for the removal of uracil from dna. lysates from in vitro translation of mrna derived from uninfected hela cells did not contain measurabl ... | 1987 | 3041025 |
| intravenous acyclovir therapy of first episodes of genital herpes: a multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | a collaborative multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous acyclovir treatment of first-episode genital herpes was performed in order to substantiate previous findings on the efficacy and safety of this drug, to evaluate the influence of parenteral therapy on recurrence frequency, and to obtain further data on the natural history of genital herpes. | 1988 | 3046350 |
| detection of dna viruses by radioactive and non radioactive dna probes: application to african swine fever virus. | a molecular hybridization technique using radioactive and non radioactive dna probes, has been used to detect asfv dna immobilized on nitrocellulose paper. it is based on the use of plasmid prpel-2 as a hybridization probe. this plasmid contain the h-clai dna fragment (size 5.6 kbp) from the spain-70 strain of asfv. the sensitivity of detection using radioactive 32p-probes (specific activity about 2 x 10(8) cpm per microgram) was about 20 pg of viral dna. the 32p-prpel-2 dna probe can detect abo ... | 1987 | 3101653 |
| remyelination of central nervous system lesions in experimental genital herpes simplex virus infection. | to study spinal cord remyelination in a model of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection, adult female mice were inoculated by a vaginal route. at intervals up to 6 months after infection, cord tissues were removed and examined by light and electron microscopy and by immunohistochemical methods. as a consequence of acute infection, 60% of mice developed multifocal central nervous system (cns) demyelinative lesions in the lower thoracic, lumbar, or upper sacral cord. these lesions, ... | 1988 | 3171599 |
| herpes-simplex-related antigen in human demyelinative disease and encephalitis. | using immunohistochemical methods optimized to detect herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antigen, paraffin sections from human central nervous system tissues from 31 cases pathologically diagnosed as multiple sclerosis (ms), 34 cases of other neurological diseases, 4 adult cases of hsv encephalitis, and mouse brains infected with various hsv strains were examined. two distinct patterns of immunoreactivity with hsv antisera were seen. in typical acute human and experimental encephalitis, antigen ... | 1988 | 3176900 |
| comparative study of various immunomodulators for macrophage and natural killer cell activation and antiviral efficacy against exotic rna viruses. | several immunomodulators were compared for immunomodulatory and antiviral activity in b6c3f1 female mice. our results demonstrate that murine recombinant gamma interferon (rifn-g), human recombinant alpha a/d interferon (rifn-a), ampligen (a polyribonucleotide) and cl246,738 modulate nonspecific immunity and are effective antiviral agents in vivo. administration of each of these agents 1 day before cell harvest induced high levels of splenic natural killer (nk) cell activity against yac-1 target ... | 1988 | 3182149 |
| expression of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d on antigen presenting cells infected with vaccinia recombinants and protective immunity. | we studied the effect of the temporal regulation of herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 glycoprotein d (gd-1) expression in ia+ epidermal cells (ec) and macrophages on virus specific immunity and protection from hsv-2 challenge. gd-1 was expressed on the surface of cells infected with a vaccinia recombinant containing gd-1 under the control of an early vaccinia virus promoter (vp176). it was not expressed in cells infected with a recombinant (vp254) in which gd-1 is controlled by a late vaccinia v ... | 1988 | 3263886 |
| disseminated neonatal herpes simplex virus infection with necrotizing encephalitis--an autopsy case. | an autopsy case of disseminated hsv type 2 infection occurring in a neonate at 32 weeks' gestation, delivered by cesarean section after premature rupture of membrane of 7 days duration, is presented. herpes simplex virus type 2 was isolated from the vesicular skin lesion. the mother and patient had specific antibody to type 2 herpes simplex virus. patient's parents had denied any herpetic orolabial or genital lesion during or before this pregnancy. cultures from the cervical and vaginal swabs of ... | 1987 | 3271053 |
| hemorrhagic cystitis due to herpes simplex virus as a marker of disseminated herpes infection. | herpetic cystitis has rarely been reported. herein are described two immunocompromised female patients with genital or buttock herpetic lesions in whom hemorrhagic cystitis due to herpes simplex virus type 2 developed in the setting of disseminated herpetic infection. both patients had indwelling foley catheters. urinary tract instrumentation may cause local or widespread dissemination of genital herpes in immunocompromised patients. | 1988 | 3348273 |
| antiherpesvirus activity of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylbut-1-yl) guanine (brl 39123) in animals. | the antiviral activity of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylbut-1-yl)guanine (brl 39123) was assessed in several animal models of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. brl 39123 was as active as acyclovir (acv) when applied topically to guinea pigs with a cutaneous hsv type 1 (hsv-1) infection and was also active topically in an hsv-2 genital infection. before systemic administration to infected animals, brl 39123 and acv were administered orally and subcutaneously to mice, and the blood was assayed f ... | 1988 | 3364954 |
| the association between genital ulcer disease and acquisition of hiv infection in homosexual men. | we analyzed the association of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection and syphilis, the two most common causes of genital ulceration in homosexual men, with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in 200 men enrolled between 1983 and 1986 into a study evaluating the microbial causes of acute proctitis. infection with hiv was independently associated with a history of syphilis, serologic evidence of syphilis, a history of hsv infection, and antibody to hsv-2. antibody to hiv was not associated ... | 1988 | 3404600 |
| cyclopentenylcytosine. a carbocyclic nucleoside with antitumor and antiviral properties. | cyclopentenylcytosine (cpe-c, 2), a pyrimidine analogue of the fermentation derived carbocyclic nucleoside neplanocin a, has been synthesized from the optically active cyclopentenylamine 3b by two synthetic routes. cpe-c demonstrates significant antitumor activity against both the sensitive and ara-c resistant lines of l1210 leukemia in vivo. multiple long term survivors are produced in both tumor models. the compound also gives 100% growth inhibition of the solid human a549 lung and mx-1 mammar ... | 1988 | 3411597 |
| induction of fc and c3b receptors on rabbit corneal cells by herpes simplex virus. | the expression of receptors for fc portion (fcr) of immunoglobulin g (igg) and for a c3b component of complement (c3br) by herpes simplex virus (hsv) was studied in primary cultures of rabbit corneal cells. monolayer cultures of epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells of the rabbit cornea were infected with three strains each of type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 hsv (hsv-2). rosette methods were used to detect receptors by means of sheep erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit igg for fcr and c3b-coated s ... | 1988 | 3417420 |
| relationship of smoking to lifestyle factors in women. | the purposes of this research were to examine the relationship of female smoking and lifestyle factors and to assess the applicability of an index of "emancipation" to smoking status in women who live in the province of ontario. the index of "emancipation," developed by eide, was based on distinguishing women who are not following traditional roles as housewives from those who are. while reports in the literature confirm that occupational status, marital status and educational achievement are re ... | 1987 | 3424848 |
| the cellular changes in primary and recurrent infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 in an in vitro model. | the cellular changes of primary and recurrent herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection were investigated in in vitro models. in the primary infection model, nuclear changes were characterized by clumping and margination of the nuclear chromatin, a homogeneous ground-glass nuclear appearance, multinucleation and the appearance of two different types of intranuclear inclusions. one of the two types of inclusions appeared as early as six hours postinfection, reached a maximum at nine hours postinfectio ... | 1987 | 3425155 |
| antiviral activity of phosphonylmethoxyalkyl derivatives of purine and pyrimidines. | various 3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl (hpmp) and 2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl (pme) derivatives of purine [adenine (a), guanine (g), 2,6-diaminopurine (dap), 2-monoaminopurine (map), hypoxanthine (hx)] and pyrimidine [cytosine (c), uracil (u), thymine (t)] have been evaluated for their antiviral properties. pmedap, (s)-hpmpa [and the cyclic phosphonate thereof, (s)-chpmpa)], (s)-hpmpc, pmeg, pmea, hpmpg and hpmpdap proved to be effective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and ty ... | 1987 | 3451698 |
| oral cancer induced in hamsters with herpes simplex infection and simulated snuff dipping. | a number of epidemiologic studies indicate that snuff dipping is associated with an increased incidence of oral cancer in human beings. since inactivated herpes simplex virus (hsv) has been shown to induce malignant changes in vitro and in vivo and is partially inactivated by snuff water extract, we examined the histopathologic changes of hamster buccal pouches after exposure to repeated hsv inoculation combined with long-term simulated snuff dipping. one hundred twenty-five syrian hamsters were ... | 1986 | 3462612 |
| multiple oral and labial ulcers in an immunocompromised patient. | herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised individuals have clinical features that are often quite different from primary and secondary hsv infections in otherwise healthy people. these infections should be recognized early and treated promptly to prevent progression of the lesions and the possible systemic dissemination of the virus. cytological and biopsy examination frequently discloses changes characteristic of hsv-1, hsv-2, or varicella-zoster virus. to ensure the most precise dia ... | 1987 | 3469271 |
| suppression of tumor growth and enhancement of immune status with high levels of dietary vitamin b6 in balb/c mice. | effects of dietary vitamin b6 at levels ranging from deficiency to megadoses on the development of herpes simplex virus type 2-transformed (h238) cell-induced tumors and on in vitro responses relating to cell-mediated immunity were examined. male balb/cbyj mice (n = 260), 5 weeks of age, were fed 20% casein diets containing pyridoxine (pn) at 0.2, 1.2 for the control diet, 7.7, or 74.3 mg/kg diet for 4-11 weeks. after 4 weeks of dietary treatment, 120 of the mice received an injection of h238 ce ... | 1987 | 3472003 |
| vaccinia virus and the egf receptor: a portal for infectivity? | we previously demonstrated that occupancy of the epidermal growth factor (egf) receptor reduced the ability of vaccinia virus to infect l cells [eppstein et al: nature 318:663, 1985]. this result suggested that vaccinia virus was utilizing the egf receptor as one pathway to infect cells. we have studied this system further, and now find that antibodies to the egf receptor also reduce the ability of vaccinia virus to infect cells productively. inclusion of both egf and antibodies to the egf recep ... | 1987 | 3497935 |
| effect of antibody to interferon on genital herpesvirus infection in mice. | the effect of anti-mouse interferon (ifn) antibody on the course of genital herpes infection was studied in c57b1/6j mice. as we have previously described, intravaginal inoculation of c57 mice with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) results in the development of genital lesions, subsequent encephalitis and death, with the mortality rate dependent on virus dose. in the present study, we found that intravaginal application of 1 x 10(5) units of anti-mouse (alpha/beta) ifn antibody did not signifi ... | 1986 | 3508484 |
| central nervous system and genital infection with reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. | to establish a reactivation model of genital and central nervous system infection, 3- to 12-week-old outbred or balb/c mice were inoculated vaginally with the hg-52 strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). primary infection was confirmed by serially positive vaginal cultures. mortality in 6- and 12-week old infected mice was about 20%. in survivors, clearance of infectious virus was confirmed in serially negative vaginal cultures. at 6 weeks, immunosuppression of survivors with cyclophosph ... | 1986 | 3508488 |
| production, binding characteristics, and immunogenicity of heterologous anti-idiotypic antibody to herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c. | a monoclonal antibody specific for glycoprotein c (gc) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was used to prepare a heterologous anti-idiotypic antibody in rabbits. after absorption with normal mouse immunoglobulin (nms) the anti-idiotypic (anti-id) antibody retained binding activity for moab d4.1, the immunogen. the anti-id (anti-id c) also demonstrated a cross-reactive binding activity, as shown by elisa, for moab d4.2 and moab d4.8 which was specific for glycoprotein d (gd) and glycoprotein b ... | 1987 | 3509672 |
| oral bromovinyldeoxyuridine therapy for herpes simplex and varicella-zoster virus infections in severely immunosuppressed patients: a preliminary clinical trial. | twenty-five patients with haematological diseases were treated orally with the highly potent and selective anti-herpes agent, bromovinyldeoxyuridine (bvdu), in a dosage of 7.5 mg/kg/day (divided over three or four doses a day) for 5 days for an intercurrent mucocutaneous herpesvirus infection. of these 25 patients, 8 were severely granulocytopenic at the time of the viral infection, and 12 recently had undergone bone-marrow transplantation; 5 were under cytotoxic therapy for a lymphoproliferativ ... | 1986 | 3511181 |
| a placebo-controlled trial of topical 8% arildone cream early in recurrent genital herpes. | arildone is an aryl diketone which is inhibitory in vitro against herpes simplex virus type 2 at a concentration of 2 micrograms/ml or less. one hundred forty-five patients with recurrent genital herpes were enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an 8% arildone cream. patients initiated therapy a mean of 9.9 h and a maximum of 24 h after the reported onset of lesions and applied medication 6 times daily for 7 days. the ... | 1986 | 3521487 |
| [group b streptococcal panophthalmia in neonatal infection]. | hemolyzing streptococci of group b were isolated from an ulcerative keratitis in a 14-day-old girl (gestational age: 39 weeks, birth weight: 3230 g) suffering from septicemia. the differential diagnosis includes all bacteria and virus species able to penetrate the intact cornea, e.g. pseudomonas sp., n. gonorrhoeae and herpes simplex virus ii. perinatal infection may be via the birth canal. | 1986 | 3537493 |
| herpes simplex virus type-2 encephalitis in peripartum period preceded by hepatitis. | encephalitis by herpes simplex virus type-2 in adults is rare and has been described as part of a disseminated infection in settings of immunosuppression, pregnancy being one of them. the virus was isolated from csf of a young female, who during puerperium, presented with hepatitis, encephalitis and subsequently developed persistent vegetative state. case history of another woman at term pregnancy is described who had similar illness but virological proof could not be obtained. | 1987 | 3573412 |
| the in-vitro and in-vivo efficacy of cisplatin and analogues in the treatment of herpes simplex virus-ii infections. | the antitumour effect of cisplatin results from cross-linking and disruption of dna when it binds to dna bases, especially cytosine and guanine. since herpes simplex virus (hsv) has a high cytosine and guanine content, cisplatin might be expected to have an antiviral effect against hsv. the 50% inhibitory concentration of cisplatin for hsv-ii was 0.06 mg/l. six of ten platinum analogues had 50% inhibition of plaques at less than or equal to 10 mg/l. we evaluated the in-vivo activity of cisplatin ... | 1987 | 3610908 |
| antiherpesvirus activity of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxy-methylbut-1-yl)guanine (brl 39123) in cell culture. | the activity of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylbut-1-yl)guanine (brl 39123) against several herpesviruses was compared with that of acyclovir (acv). in plaque reduction tests with clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and varicella-zoster virus, mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic50s) (n = number tested) for brl 39123 were 0.4 (n = 17), 1.5 (n = 13), and 3.1 (n = 5) micrograms/ml, respectively. corresponding ic50s for acv were 0.2, 0.6, an ... | 1987 | 3631945 |
| acute ascending necrotizing myelopathy caused by herpes simplex virus type 2. | a 57-year-old diabetic man died of a rapidly ascending necrotizing myelitis. autopsy results proved that the etiologic agent was herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2). the clinical findings, autopsy immunohistopathology, and electron-microscopy suggest that either primary hsv2 infection or reactivation of hsv2 infection within dorsal root ganglia was followed by spread to the spinal cord. viral infection of the cns occurred by direct extension and led to death by involvement of the brainstem. altho ... | 1987 | 3670617 |
| augmentation of natural immune defence mechanisms and therapeutic potential of a mismatched double-stranded polynucleotide in cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | we studied the effect of an analogue of polyinosinic acid:polycytidylic acid, the mismatched poly(ri).poly(rc12u), on herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-induced cutaneous disease in the guinea-pig. recurrence patterns and hsv-2-induced immune responses were also defined. intranasal administration (1.5 micrograms/g body weight, five doses at 48 h intervals) of poly(ri).poly(rc12u) during initial hsv-2 infection caused a significant (p less than 0.05) reduction in virus titres in the skin and dec ... | 1987 | 3681265 |
| congenital herpes simplex retinitis. | an 1,810-g girl born at 37 weeks of gestation had true congenital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. the neonate was born with hypo-pigmented skin lesions, brain lesions, and old heavily pigmented retinal scars in the posterior pole. there was no active ocular disease. viral cultures, immunoperoxidase stains, and antibody determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were all positive for herpes simplex virus. treatment with acyclovir healed the lesions within ten days. the clinical and ... | 1986 | 3728622 |
| role of virus-infected mononuclear leukocytes in herpetic chorioretinitis of newborn rabbits. | the role of virus-infected mononuclear leukocytes (mnls) in the pathogenesis of neonatal herpetic chorioretinitis in newborn rabbits was investigated. as early as 2 days after inoculating the animals' skins with type 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv-2), infectious mnls in the infected animals' peripheral blood were found. the virus was associated, for the most part, with mnls that belonged to phagocytic and adherent cell fractions. observations by electron microscopy indicated that hsv-2 was actively ... | 1986 | 3759364 |
| delayed treatment with combinations of antiviral drugs in mice infected with herpes simplex virus and application of the median effect method of analysis. | mice were inoculated intracerebrally with a lethal dose of herpes simplex virus type 2. three days later, the mice were treated intraperitoneally, twice daily for 4 days, with the following drugs alone or in combination: acyclovir (acv), vidarabine (ara-a), 2'-fluoro-5-iodoaracytosine (fiac), and 2'-fluoro-5-methylarauracil (fmau). despite delayed treatment, most of the animals receiving low doses of fmau alone or in combination with acv or ara-a survived. in contrast, significantly higher morta ... | 1986 | 3777913 |
| xylotubercidin against herpes simplex virus type 2 in mice. | of a series of newly synthesized derivatives of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin, the xylosyl analog of tubercidin, xylotubercidin, exhibited the greatest potency and selectivity against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in vitro. at dosage regimens that were not toxic for the host, xylotubercidin proved efficacious in various hsv-2 animal model infections. when applied topically at 0.25, 0.5, or 1% in dimethyl sulfoxide or when administered sy ... | 1986 | 3800347 |
| expression of immunity to intravaginal herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in the genital tract and associated lymph nodes. | herpes simplex virus type 2 is a human venereal pathogen which causes lethal neurological illness after intravaginal inoculation into balb/cj mice. in the present studies, we demonstrate that intravaginal vaccination with an attenuated strain of this virus, which possesses a partial deletion of the thymidine kinase gene, rapidly induced durable immunity to lethal intravaginal challenge with wild-type virus. such immunity was characterized by a dramatic hyperplasia of genital lymph nodes and a si ... | 1987 | 3813891 |
| histopathologic characteristics of two forms of experimental herpes simplex virus retinitis. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) inoculated intracamerally into one anterior chamber of a balb/c mouse produces retinitis in the uninoculated contralateral eye within 7 to 10 days while the retina of the inoculated eye is spared. in sharp contrast, animals receiving hsv type 2 (hsv-2) by the anterior chamber route develop a dramatic retinitis in the inoculated eye by day 7 postinoculation while the retina of the contralateral eye remains uninvolved. histopathologic examination of retinal dest ... | 1987 | 3829704 |
| effect of neuraminidase on fc and c3b receptors on rabbit corneal cells infected with herpes simplex virus. | the effect of neuraminidase on fc receptors (fcr) and c3b receptors (c3br) was studied in epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells of the rabbit cornea infected with type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 herpes simplex virus (hsv-2) in vitro. fcr were induced on epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells of the rabbit cornea by both hsv-1 and hsv-2, but their activities were not enhanced by neuraminidase. on the other hand, the treatment of hsv-infected corneal cells with neuraminidase resulted in the enhan ... | 1987 | 3829705 |
| the effect of prostaglandin e2 on the initial immune response to herpes simplex virus infection. | numerous clinical situations, demonstrated to be associated with reactivation of herpes simplex virus infections, have also been shown to produce increases in local levels of prostaglandins. the current study was initiated to determine if prostaglandins play a role in the immune response and control of herpes simplex virus infections. lymphocytes from volunteers were stimulated with concanavalin a, herpes simplex virus 1, or herpes simplex virus 2 in the presence of prostaglandin e2 or ibuprofen ... | 1985 | 3872073 |
| human monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against herpes simplex virus-infected cells: activation of cytotoxic monocytes by free and liposome-encapsulated lymphokines. | human peripheral blood monocytes were incubated with free or liposome-encapsulated human lymphokines containing macrophage-activating factor (maf) and tested for their effect on herpes simplex virus (hsv)-infected target cells. activated monocytes lysed allogeneic hsv type 2 (hsv-2)-infected whole human embryo cells and xenogeneic balb/c mouse embryo cells (10e2) without any significant effect on uninfected cells, as measured by release of 51cr from target cells after 18 h of cocultivation. kine ... | 1985 | 3882870 |
| the effect of dimethylnitrosamine on host resistance and immunity. | adult female b6c3f1 mice were injected ip with 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) only or pbs containing 1.5, 3, or 5 mg dimethylnitrosamine (dmn)/kg body wt daily for 14 days. on day 16, mice were evaluated for changes in immune status as measured by the antibody response to sheep red blood cells (srbcs), blastogenesis to t- and b-cell mitogens, natural killer (nk) cell function, delayed hypersensitivity, and alveolar macrophage (am) bactericidal activity; and for changes in host resistance ... | 1985 | 3883572 |