| comparative evaluation of the mb-check system for recovery of mycobacteria from clinical specimens. | the performance of the mb-check system (roche) in the recovery of mycobacteria from clinical specimens was compared with that of the bactec radiometric system and conventional culture on löwenstein-jensen medium. a total of 1,582 clinical specimens were used for the study; 74 yielded mycobacteria. organisms of the mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium complexes accounted for the majority of isolates. the rate of recovery of all mycobacteria with the bactec system was 91.9%, with the ... | 1992 | 1291317 |
| detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples from patients with tuberculosis or other pulmonary diseases by polymerase chain reaction. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using primers targeting the is6110 repetitive sequence was employed to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis in 228 samples from patients with tuberculosis or other pulmonary diseases and controls, and the results were compared with culture and clinical findings. none of culture negative samples from 17 healthy controls were pcr positive. of 109 active tuberculosis patients under chemotherapy, 88 (80.7%) were pcr positive and were significantly higher than 63 (57.8%) ... | 1992 | 1292244 |
| hiv-associated tuberculosis in developing countries: epidemiology and strategies for prevention. | the association between tuberculosis and hiv presents an immediate and grave public health and socioeconomic threat, particularly in the developing world. in early 1992 who estimated that approximately 4 million people had been infected with both mycobacterium tuberculosis and hiv since the beginning of the pandemic; 95% of them were in developing countries. the association between tuberculosis and hiv is evident from the high incidence of tuberculosis, estimated at 5-8% per year, among hiv-infe ... | 1992 | 1292709 |
| 10-year assessment of treatment outcome among cambodian refugees with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in khao-i-dang, thailand. | tuberculosis control among displaced persons is fraught with difficulties to ensure adherence of patients to treatment for a prolonged period of time. in the khao-i-dang camp for cambodian refugees an approach with daily, directly observed treatment throughout the course of 6 months duration was chosen to address the problem. of a total 929 patients with sputum smear-positive tuberculosis who were enrolled from 1981 to 1990, 5.0% died, 75.5% completed treatment and were bacteriologically cured w ... | 1992 | 1292720 |
| human tuberculosis due to mycobacterium bovis: report of 10 cases. | during the period 1986-1990, 10 cases of human disease caused by mycobacterium bovis were diagnosed in our hospital. the incidence, in relation to the cases of disease from mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnosed in the same period, was 0.9%. the patients had an average age of 32 years (range 5-68 years). pulmonary disease was observed in 5 patients (50%), lymphadenitis in 2, pleural effusion in 2 and peritoneal in 1. the most significant of the epidemiological features was that 2 patients were vet ... | 1992 | 1292721 |
| nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis between aids patients. | | 1992 | 1292725 |
| diagnosis of mycobacterial infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients and hiv carriers. | differences in tuberculosis diagnosis between infected and non-infected hiv patients were described. in barcelona, tuberculosis is present in 41.6% of 851 patients in whom aids was detected between 1981 and the first quarter of 1990. we reviewed the results of the methods used for tuberculosis diagnosis in 270 aids patients controlled in our hospital, in whom tuberculosis was detected (33.3%), and we compared these data with the results obtained in hiv carriers with tuberculosis and with tubercu ... | 1992 | 1293212 |
| c-reactive proteins, immunoglobulin profile and mycobacterial antigens in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with pyogenic and tuberculous meningitis. | cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples were collected from 12 patients with pyogenic meningitis (pm), 19 with tuberculous meningitis (tbm), 20 with clinically suspected but not definitely proved cases of tuberculous meningitis (stbm) and 12 normal controls. c-reactive proteins, immunoglobulins g, a, m and mycobacterial antigens were estimated in the csf samples. seven out of 51 (13.7%) samples obtained from the patient groups were positive for crp. immunoglobulins m and a were significantly raised in ... | 1992 | 1293215 |
| [nested polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis and follow-up of tuberculous meningitis: a case report]. | we presented a case of tuberculous meningitis in which a nested polymerase chain reaction was useful for its rapid diagnosis and follow-up. a 5-month-old girl was hospitalized for gastrointestinal complaints of 4 days' duration. she initially had no meningeal signs, but showed a bulging of the anterior fontanel on the 10th day of her illness. cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed a cell count of 886/3 microliters (80% lymphocytes), protein of 20 mg/dl, and glucose of 27 mg/dl. tuberculous men ... | 1992 | 1293227 |
| [identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium by non-radioactive probes: evaluation of the snap syngene system]. | we evaluated an alkaline phosphatase-labeled oligonucleotide probe for the rapid identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacteria belonging to the m avium and m intracellulare complex (mais). sixty-two strains of mycobacteria and eight strains belonging to related genera were studied. all m tuberculosis strains hybridized with the tuberculosis probe. all m avium and m intracellulare gave a strong signal with their probes. however the 3 m xenopi strains tested hybridized with all pro ... | 1992 | 1294016 |
| rationale for chemotherapy of tuberculosis and current recommendations. | | 1992 | 1294486 |
| [rapid and direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and mycobacteria in sputum by advanced method, pcr]. | we developed two pcr methods, which amplify bovine tuberculous mpb70 gene and mycobacterial 16s rrna gene, for detection of tubercle bacilli and mycobacteria in sputum, respectively. among 27 mycobacterium species and 57 species of 30 genuses other than mycobacterium, only m. tuberculosis (tb) complex, i.e., m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, m. africanum, m. microti showed dna amplification by pcr for mpb70, and amplification of 16s rrna gene were observed specific in mycobacterium species. a combinati ... | 1992 | 1294673 |
| [diagnostic role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy for mycobacterial diseases]. | from 1981 to 1991, 5,572 patients underwent bronchoscopic examination, in this series 3,754 patient's samples were sent for determination of mycobacterial isolation. in the 506 samples, mycobacterial bacilli were detected with smear or culture. in the low tuberculous incidence area like northern part of america, many reporters supported the opinion that routine bronchial aspirate detection for tuberculosis was not cost-effective. inversely, in the high tuberculous incidence area like hong kong, ... | 1992 | 1294782 |
| [diagnostic role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy for mycobacterial diseases--serological diagnosis]. | detection of igg antibodies against purified cord factor (trehalose-6, 6'-dimycolate) prepared from mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv was carried out by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and its diagnostic usefulness was also evaluated in this study. sera from 65 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, 58 patients with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, 36 patients with diseases other than tuberculosis and 66 healthy adults were examined. patients with active pulmonary tu ... | 1992 | 1294783 |
| [comparison of mb-check, bactec, and egg-based media for recovery of mycobacteria]. | the rate of recovery and time to the detection of mycobacteria from clinical specimens were measured for biphasic and radiometric liquid-based culture systems and egg-based media (3% ogawa and ogawa k). from the 245 sputum specimens processed, a total of 86 (35.1%) mycobacterial isolates were detected. of these, 81 (94.2%) and 80 (93.0%) isolates were detected with the mb-check and bactec systems, respectively, and 65 (75.6%) isolates were detected with the 3% ogawa egg method. the difference in ... | 1992 | 1294784 |
| [polymerase chain reaction for identification of mycobacterium in sputa]. | polymerase chain reaction was applied to the diagnosis of mycobacterial infections. this reaction could detect bacteria in clinical specimens within a few hours. sensitivities of the five primer systems reported in 1990 were compared. it was proved that the primer system reported by eisenach et al. was as sensitive as culture on ogawa's medium for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputa. other systems were found to be less sensitive than this system, and the nested pcr should be app ... | 1992 | 1294785 |
| [dna probe and polymerase chain reaction for detection and identification of mycobacteria]. | the dna probe and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for detection and identification of mycobacteria were compared with the conventional smear and culture method. the results of identification by dna probe agreed well with those of the biochemical method. moreover, six percent of mycobacterium avium complex (mac) were revealed to be mycobacteria other than mac by dna probe. the nested pcr for detection of gene coding protein antigen b of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex showed excellen ... | 1992 | 1294786 |
| multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. | | 1992 | 1296597 |
| protective efficacy of different cell-wall fractions of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | immunization with various cell-wall fractions of m. tuberculosis h37ra, progressively depleted of lipids (cell-wall-insoluble fraction; cwif), soluble proteins (cell-wall core; cwc), mycolic acids and arabinogalactans (cell-wall-protein-peptidoglycan complex; cw-ppc) elicited significant levels of both humoral and cell-mediated immune response. mice immunized with these fractions, when challenged with an ld50 dose of m. tuberculosis h37rv, exhibited significant protection as revealed by high sur ... | 1992 | 1296924 |
| tolerance of ofloxacin in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in presence of hepatic dysfunction. | twenty-nine patients with extensive pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-induced hepatitis were treated with ofloxacin along with other relatively non-hepatotoxic drugs, either during the interim phase to await recovery of liver function in some, or as definitive therapy as required by the compromised hepatic status of others. no adverse drug reactions were noted and no treatment failures were observed. this preliminary experience indicates the exceedingly good tolerance of ofloxacin when utilized in ... | 1992 | 1297640 |
| [training notebook]. | | 1992 | 1299400 |
| [activities and isozymes of adenosine deaminase and lactate dehydrogenase in tuberculous pleural effusion with special reference to the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | we have previously shown that tuberculous pleurisy possesses a high level of adenosine deaminase (ada) which is predominantly composed of ada2. in this paper, we report the cases of tuberculous pleural effusion which contained mainly ada1. in these cases, mycobacterium tuberculosis was positive by smear examination and/or culture and granulocytes were found to be major components. analysis of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) revealed that its activity was high and ldh5 occupied about 50% of total act ... | 1992 | 1300108 |
| [research of disinfecting effect of sh-series (the equipment for secondary treatment of hospital sewage)]. | in order to examine the effect of using sh-series (i.e. the equipment for secondary treatment of hospital sewage) in treating sewage, we have been engaged in a series of testing-study. the results were as follows: the pollution of organic matter and microbes in hospital sewage was very serious. both kinds of pollution were considered, when we plan our scheme of conducting hospital sewage treatment. the temperature of water was raised to 23.7-24.2 degrees c and the value of ph 7.4-7.8, the hospit ... | 1992 | 1303353 |
| an outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among hospitalized patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | since 1990 several clusters of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis have been identified among hospitalized patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). we investigated one such cluster in a voluntary hospital in new york. | 1992 | 1304721 |
| isothermal in vitro amplification of dna by a restriction enzyme/dna polymerase system. | an isothermal in vitro dna amplification method was developed based upon the following sequence of reaction events. restriction enzyme cleavage and subsequent heat denaturation of a dna sample generates two single-stranded target dna fragments (t1 and t2). present in excess are two dna amplification primers (p1 and p2). the 3' end of p1 binds to the 3' end of t1, forming a duplex with 5' overhangs. likewise, p2 binds to t2. the 5' overhangs of p1 and p2 contain a recognition sequence (5'-gttgac- ... | 1992 | 1309614 |
| activity in vitro of rifabutin, fce 22807, rifapentine, and rifampin against mycobacterium microti and m. tuberculosis and their penetration into mouse peritoneal macrophages. | the activities of the rifamycins, rifabutin, fce 22807, rifapentine, and rifampin, were studied within unstimulated peritoneal macrophages infected with mycobacterium microti and in cultures of m. microti and m. tuberculosis in 7h-9 medium without tween 80. in macrophage cultures, serial rifamycin concentrations were added after a 2.5 h phagocytosis period, and viable counts were done after incubation for 5 to 6 days. to ensure comparability with the daily drug replacements in the macrophage exp ... | 1992 | 1309967 |
| variable gene usage of t cell receptor gamma- and delta-chain transcripts expressed in synovia and peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | the synovial tissue and fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) contain activated t cells that probably have a central role in the disease process which leads to joint destruction. a subset of t cells, gamma delta t cells detected at the site of inflammation, may be important in the pathogenesis of the disease. this study investigated variable (v) gene usage of gamma delta t cell receptors (tcrs) expressed in synovia and peripheral blood of patients with ra by using the polymerase chain ... | 1992 | 1310453 |
| isolation and analysis of is6120, a new insertion sequence from mycobacterium smegmatis. | insertion sequence is6120 from mycobacterium smegmatis was identified by its ability to transpose into different sites in the lambda repressor gene, cl857, carried on an escherichia coli/mycobacteria shuttle plasmid. is6120 is a novel 1.5 kb insertion sequence, which has 24-bp imperfect terminal inverted repeats and generates 9-bp duplications of the target dna following insertion. is6120 is present in at least three copies in m. smegmatis but was not found in other species, including mycobacter ... | 1992 | 1310791 |
| use of gene probes based on the insertion sequence is986 to differentiate between bcg vaccine strains. | gene probes derived from the insertion sequence is986, which have previously been shown to differentiate isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis for epidemiological analysis, are also capable of distinguishing two groups of bcg vaccine strains. most bcg strains have a single copy of is986, at the same chromosomal site, while the brazilian, japanese and ussr strains have an additional copy at a different, common location. these results correlate with the results of previous antigenic analysis and ... | 1992 | 1313411 |
| suppression of the development of adjuvant arthritis by a conditioned aversive stimulus. | the present study evaluated the effect of a conditioned aversive stimulus (cs) on the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis in lewis rats. experiment 1 showed that presentation of a cs, on days 12, 14, and 16 following injection with adjuvant containing mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulted in a pronounced suppression of the development of arthritis as measured by a clinical disease severity rating scale and spleen weight. in contrast, presentation of the cs on days 0, 2, and 4 following inje ... | 1992 | 1315181 |
| detection of mycobacterial dna in pleural fluid from patients with tuberculous pleurisy by means of the polymerase chain reaction: comparison of two protocols. | the detection of mycobacterial dna in clinical samples on the basis of the polymerase chain reaction is a promising approach for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous infections. no consensus exists, however, about which protocols are most sensitive, and the usefulness of this approach in the diagnosis of tuberculous effusions has been assessed in few patients. | 1992 | 1316638 |
| heat shock treatment of macrophages causes increased release of superoxide anion. | heat shock treatment of murine macrophages and the j774 cell line resulted in an enhanced capacity to release superoxide anion (o2-) upon stimulation. there was no concomitant increase in hydrogen peroxide production, and the macrophage microbicidal activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium complex, and staphylococcus aureus was not altered. | 1992 | 1316875 |
| correlation between antibodies to mannophosphoinositides & detection of antigen in circulating immune complexes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. | enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect the concentration of mannophosphoinositides in circulating immune complexes (cics) and antibodies to these antigens in the sera of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. serum samples from 235 tuberculosis patients at various levels of disease progression were analysed. multiple regression analysis showed a direct correlation between antigen levels in cics and serum antibodies to mannophosphoinositides. | 1992 | 1318263 |
| polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress human peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production. | 1. the effects of a variety of fatty acids on human peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by concanavalin a or purified protein derivative of mycobacterium tuberculosis were studied. 2. the proliferative response to concanavalin a was inhibited by all of the polyunsaturated fatty acids tested (eicosapentaenoate, arachidonate, docosahexaenoate, linoleate and alpha-linolenate) and also by the saturated fatty acid, stearate. the greatest inhibition of proliferation (approximately 85% ... | 1992 | 1320551 |
| combined chemotherapy including rifabutin for rifampicin and isoniazid resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. g.e.t.i.m. (group for the study and treatment of resistant mycobacterial infection). | a prospective multicentre open study has been conducted in france in order to assess the efficacy and tolerability of an antimycobacterial regimen including rifabutin in the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis due to rifampicin and isoniazid resistant bacilli. patients were treated with daily rifabutin (450-600 mg), associated with companion drugs to which the organisms remained susceptible; in most cases the regimen included a fluoroquinolone. the duration of treatment was initial ... | 1992 | 1321054 |
| [pulmonary complications in patients with adult t-cell leukemia]. | in order to investigate the character of pulmonary complications in patients with adult t-cell leukemia (atl), a pathological and bacteriological study was performed in 92 autopsy cases with hematologic malignancies including 17 cases of atl and 103 autopsy cases with solid malignancies from 1981 to 1990. among 17 cases with atl, pulmonary complications were seen in 16 cases (94.1%); pulmonary infection in 14 (82.3%), leukemic cell pulmonary infiltration in 9 (52.9%), pulmonary hemorrhage in 5 ( ... | 1992 | 1321303 |
| tuberculous peritonitis complicating peritoneal dialysis: a case for early diagnostic laparotomy? | | 1992 | 1321382 |
| meeting the challenge of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: summary of a conference. | on january 22-23, 1992, a conference on "meeting the challenge of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis" (mdr-tb) was held at the centers for disease control, with greater than 400 attendees. plenary presentations summarized the nature and magnitude of the problem, and work groups were formed to address six issues: public health, epidemiology and surveillance, infection control and environment, laboratory diagnosis and research, therapy, and training and education. participants concluded that existin ... | 1992 | 1322487 |
| heat-shock protein induction in adriamycin and picornavirus-infected cardiocytes. | both chemicals, such as the chemotherapy agent adriamycin, and viruses, such as the picornaviruses coxsackievirus b3 and encephalomyocarditis virus, cause metabolic injury in myocardial cells. this injury includes depression of cellular rna and protein synthesis and production of oxygen free radicals which are known to induce increased expression of "heat-shock" or stress proteins (hsp). these hsp can stimulate potent t lymphocyte responses that may then contribute to cardiac damage associated w ... | 1992 | 1323730 |
| the early bactericidal activity of rifabutin measured by sputum viable counts in hong kong patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. | previously untreated patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were randomly allocated to treatment with 600, 300, 150 or 75 mg doses of rifabutin (lm427, ansamycin), 600, 300 or 150 mg of rifampicin, 300 mg isoniazid or to no drug daily for 2 days. the fall in viable counts of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum collections during the 2 days, termed the early bactericidal activity (eba), was estimated from counts of colony-forming units (cfu) on selective 7h-11 agar medium. the eba f ... | 1992 | 1326348 |
| a controlled study of rifabutin and an uncontrolled study of ofloxacin in the retreatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid, streptomycin and rifampicin. hong kong chest service/british medical research council. | a study of rifabutin in the retreatment of patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis whose strains of tubercle bacilli were resistant to all three of the drugs isoniazid, streptomycin, and rifampicin, and usually to others as well, was undertaken in 22 chinese patients in hong kong. they were arranged in 11 pairs such that the resistance pattern of the strains for both patients was the same or closely similar. one of each pair was allocated at random to receive rifabutin (b) daily and the oth ... | 1992 | 1326349 |
| serodiagnosis of tuberculosis by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using mycobacterial antigen 60. | this study was undertaken to assess the diagnostic utility of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using mycobacterial antigen 60 in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. this test was applied to 210 adults, including 111 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, 80 control subjects and 19 patients with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis. although the serums from the patients with active tuberculosis has a higher mean value of igg antibody concentration than the control group, there was a consid ... | 1992 | 1326380 |
| inducible overproduction of the aspergillus nidulans pentafunctional arom protein and the type-i and -ii 3-dehydroquinases from salmonella typhi and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the aroq gene of mycobacterium tuberculosis, encoding a type-ii 3-dehydroquinase, and the arod gene of salmonella typhi, encoding a type-i 3-dehydroquinase, have been highly overexpressed in escherichia coli using the powerful trc promoter contained within the expression vector pkk233-2. the m. tuberculosis type-ii 3-dehydroquinase has been purified in bulk from overproducing strains of e. coli to greater than 95% homogeneity. the protein is extremely heat-stable, is active as a homododecamer an ... | 1992 | 1329726 |
| [antimycobacterial activity of a newly synthesized fluoroquinolone, y-26611]. | y-26611, a newly developed fluoroquinolone having a morpholine moiety at the 7 position was examined for in vitro antimycobacterial activity by the agar dilution method using 7h11 medium. the mic90 values of y-26611 were as follows: mycobacterium tuberculosis (25 strains), 0.4 micrograms/ml; m. kansasii (19 strains), 6.25 micrograms/ml; m. marinum (10 strains), 25 micrograms/ml; m. scrofulaceum (19 strains), 50 micrograms/ml; m. avium (18 strains), 50 micrograms/ml; m. intracellulare (31 strains ... | 1992 | 1331603 |
| [evaluation of new antitubercular agents--new quinolone agents]. | | 1992 | 1333544 |
| in vitro activity of the new quinolone lomefloxacin against mycobacterium tuberculosis. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and lomefloxacin were determined for 90 mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from both aids and other patients. eleven (12.2%) of these strains showed in vitro resistance to one or more first-line antituberculosis drugs. susceptibility tests were done in 7h12 broth by the radiometric method. the mic range for ciprofloxacin was 0.125 to 4.0 micrograms/ml; for ofloxacin, 0.25 to 4.0; and for lomefloxacin 0.5 to 4.0 microgra ... | 1992 | 1333738 |
| hiv infection and primary resistance to antituberculosis drugs in abidjan, côte d'ivoire. | to determine the prevalence of mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs, and to relate this resistance to hiv serologic status. | 1992 | 1335274 |
| cdc advises on management of persons exposed to multiple-drug-resistant tuberculosis. | | 1992 | 1337505 |
| [adult t-cell leukemia with various pulmonary complications]. | a 59-year-old male, born in wakayama prefecture, was admitted to our hospital because of cervical lymph node swelling, huge mass lesions in both liver and head of the pancreas, and multiple nodular shadows in the left lung. lymph node biopsy revealed a necrotic lesion containing tuberculous bacilli with no epithelioid cells or giant cells. adult t-cell leukemia (atl) was diagnosed by the presence of atypical lymphocytes with a convoluted nucleus and positive anti-atl antibody. during successful ... | 1992 | 1337762 |
| treatment of tuberculosis in hiv infection. | whether tuberculosis patients received short-course chemotherapy with treatment of isoniazid (inh) and rifampicin (rif), combined or not with pyrazinamide (pza) and ethambutol (emb) or streptomycin (sm), or long term chemotherapy with inh, sm and thiacetazone (tb1), the rate of sputum culture conversion was similar in hiv-positive and hiv-negative patients. to prevent relapses it was recommended to treat patients for a minimum of 9 months and for at least 6 months after culture conversion, or ev ... | 1992 | 1337993 |
| [preliminary results of rifabutine (ansamycine lm 427) treatment of patients with newly detected and chronic pulmonary tuberculosis and mycobacterium infections]. | | 1992 | 1338003 |
| [the treatment of tuberculosis. i. mycobacterial subpopulations in the lesions and antitubercular drugs]. | | 1992 | 1339503 |
| [a study on the count of living bcg bacilli using bl and fs methods]. | counting of living bcg bacilli is an important indicator for surveillance of bcg quality. presently the method of cfu recommended by who is still widely used. this study employs rapid bioluminescent technique which measures atp in the bcg and the fluorescent staining method which determines living bacilli rate in the bcg. cfu technique is used as control. combining the results of ot tests in newborn children, we can evaluate the effects of bl and fs techniques used in surveillance of bcg quality ... | 1992 | 1339609 |
| [the use of polymerase chain reaction in the diagnoses of tuberculosis]. | | 1992 | 1339620 |
| [the applications of molecular biology in the diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of tuberculosis]. | | 1992 | 1340266 |
| [tuberculosis in patients with lymphomas]. | in a period of ten years (1980-1989) 6 patients, out of 506 cases of lymphoma, presented an active tuberculosis (1.18%). five of them had hodgkin disease in an advanced stage, with predominance of the nodular sclerosis histologic subtype; one had a non hodgkin lymphoma. clinical presentation of tbc was mostly focal with a predominance of extra pulmonary involvement (cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis); disseminated disease only appeared in the non hodgkin lymphoma patient. there was no differenc ... | 1992 | 1340877 |
| reduced anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody response in tuberculosis patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1. when the sera of patients with tuberculosis were tested for anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis igg using an indirect elisa, the test was positive for 94.1% of the samples from patients not having aids (n = 51), but for only 37.5% of the samples from patients with aids (n = 16). 2. false-positive results were obtained for 7.3% of patients not infected with hiv (n = 96) and for 4.7% of patients infected with hiv (n = 64). 3. in most serum samples obtained from patients with tuberculosis and aids a ... | 1992 | 1342237 |
| immunity to intracellular bacteria. | immunity to intracellular bacteria including mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium leprae, and listeria monocytogenes depends on specific t cells. evidence to be described suggests that cd4 alpha/beta t cells, cd8 alpha/beta t cells and gamma/delta t cells which interact with each other and with macrophages contribute to acquired resistance against as well as pathogenesis of intracellular bacterial infections. | 1992 | 1342723 |
| rapid detection and species identification of mycobacteria in paraffin-embedded tissues by polymerase chain reaction. | the sensitivity and specificity of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in the detection of mycobacteria in paraffin-embedded tissues and in crude lysates of mycobacterial cultures were assessed. sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were deparaffinized and then subjected to a simple proteinase k and boiling lysis procedure. these preparations were used directly for pcr amplification of the 383 bp segment of the gene encoding the 65 kda mycobacterial surface antigen. crude lysates ... | 1992 | 1342965 |
| effect of h37ra on pha-induced migratory inhibition of leucocytes in patient of tuberculosis. | eighty nine cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis were classified into four stages depending on the clinical extent of disease. leucocyte migration inhibition test (lmit) was done using mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (pha) and h37ra specific antigen. normal pha responses were observed in all clinical stages while specific immune response in relation to inhibition of leucocyte migration decreased from stage i to stage iv. effect of h37ra on pha induced release of lymphokine was studied by mixing th ... | 1992 | 1344221 |
| bacterial flora of the endometrium in infertile women from manipal. | endometrial curettage specimen culture of 140 infertile women showed 64 (45%) organisms. mycobacterium tuberculosis 8 (5.7%) and anonymous mycobacteria 14 (10%) were the commonest organisms isolated. among the anonymous mycobacteria, following species were isolated m. scrofulaceum 10, m. kansasii 2, m. fortuitum 2. gram positive and gram negative organisms were isolated from 42 (30%) specimens of the endometrium; 76 (54%) of the endometrium specimens were sterile. | 1992 | 1344227 |
| fixed dose combination short course chemotherapy in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. | in this study two highly effective chemotherapeutic regimens of 6 and 8 months duration were studied and compared with the standard 12 month therapy under full supervision at the national tb centre and st. peter's tb hospital in addis abeba. patients with direct smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis were admitted to hospital during the initial phase of treatment for two months. at two months, sputum conversion rates, by direct smear and culture respectively, were 82% and 80% on rifater, and 86 o ... | 1992 | 1345030 |
| [diagnosis of tuberculosis by specific dna amplification directly in samples]. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr was used to identify m. tuberculosis in specimens from patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. a segment of the is 6110 sequence and of the cro el gene were amplified and identified by hybridization with specific probes labeled with peroxidase. the results are in agreement with those obtained using standard microbiological techniques or clinical criteria. the pcr method allowed the detection of m. tuberculosis in 22 out of 58 samples that were acid fast ... | 1992 | 1345093 |
| chemically unrelated mycobacterial peptides as antigens and competitors in antigen recognition by human t cells. | understanding resistance to mycobacterial infectious diseases requires identification of antigens and epitopes (antigenic determinants) that stimulate cell-mediated immune responses. in this study, a dr1-restricted t cell epitope (residues 1 through 20) of the 19-kd protein of m. tuberculosis was identified. peripheral blood mononuclear cells from two hla-dr1 patients with tuberculosis responded not only to the 19-kd immunoblot fraction of m. tuberculosis but also to the peptide 1-20. a m. tuber ... | 1992 | 1345120 |
| dual antigenic recognition by cloned human gamma delta t cells. | the function of gamma delta t cells is still elusive. the nature of the antigens that they recognize and the mode of presentation of these antigens are largely unknown. the majority of human peripheral gamma delta t cells bear a v gamma 9/v delta 2 t cell receptor, and display nonclonal reactivity to mycobacteria, without restriction by mhc. it is unknown whether these cells have clonal antigenic specificity as well. here we describe rheumatoid arthritis-derived v gamma 9/v delta 2 t cell clones ... | 1992 | 1345917 |
| tuberculous meningitis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | tuberculosis is a frequent complication of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. we describe the clinical manifestations and outcomes of tuberculous meningitis in patients with hiv infection, and compare them with those in non-hiv-infected patients. we reviewed the records from 1985 through 1990 at two large referral hospitals in madrid for patients who had mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from cerebrospinal fluid. | 1992 | 1346547 |
| effects of in vivo t lymphocyte subset depletion on mycobacterial infections in mice. | the relative importance of cd4+ and cd8+ t cell subsets in the expression of acquired resistance to systemic infection by mycobacterium kansasii was determined. t cell subsets were depleted in thymectomized c57bl/6 mice by the intravenous administration of monoclonal antibodies directed against the relevant t cell determinants. depletion of the cd4+ subset exacerbated the severity of the infection in intravenously challenged mice. this effect was apparent in the first 2 weeks of the infection an ... | 1992 | 1347311 |
| immunosuppression and alteration of resistance to pulmonary tuberculosis in guinea pigs by protein undernutrition. | the impact of chronic moderate protein deficiency on resistance to pulmonary tuberculosis was studied in a guinea pig model. inbred and outbred guinea pigs were maintained on isocaloric diets containing 30% or 10% ovalbumin, vaccinated with mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccine and infected by the respiratory route with virulent mycobacterium tuberculosis. protein deficiency was associated with significant loss of dermal tuberculin hypersensitivity, reduced purified protein derivative (ppd)-driven lym ... | 1992 | 1347317 |
| drug-resistant tb may bring epidemic. | | 1992 | 1348568 |
| detection of mycobacterial dna in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis with polymerase chain reaction. | the cause of sarcoidosis is unknown. however, the histological similarity between the disorder and tuberculosis suggests that mycobacteria might contribute to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. we have used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect mycobacterial dna in clinical samples from patients with sarcoidosis. 104 patients were included in the study (62 referred for possible tuberculosis and 20 for possible sarcoidosis, and 22 control patients who had undergone bronchoscopy for other re ... | 1992 | 1349051 |
| characterization of a major polymorphic tandem repeat in mycobacterium tuberculosis and its potential use in the epidemiology of mycobacterium kansasii and mycobacterium gordonae. | in this study, the occurrence of repeated dna sequences in the chromosome of mycobacterium tuberculosis was investigated systematically. by screening a m. tuberculosis lambda gt-11 gene library with labeled total chromosomal dna, five strongly hybridizing recombinants were selected, and these contained dna sequences that were present in multiple copies in the chromosome of m. tuberculosis. these recombinants all contained repeated sequences belonging to a single family of repetitive dna, which s ... | 1992 | 1350781 |
| nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. a risk to patients and health care workers. | to determine the factors associated with the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients at a new york city hospital and to investigate possible nosocomial transmission. | 1992 | 1352093 |
| dna polymorphisms in strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: a tool for epidemiology. | mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were studied by comparing large restriction fragment (lrf) patterns produced by digestion of chromosomal dna with infrequent-cutting endonucleases and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. four cultures of h37rv and 36 clinical isolates of m. tuberculosis were compared by using drai, asni, xbai, and spei. drai and asni allowed easy visual separation of 18 of 21 epidemiologically unrelated strains. xbai and spei allowed discrimination of all 21 unrelated strains, i ... | 1992 | 1352518 |
| insertion element is1081-associated restriction fragment length polymorphisms in mycobacterium tuberculosis complex species: a reliable tool for recognizing mycobacterium bovis bcg. | recently, the insertion element is1081 from mycobacterium bovis was identified. in this study, the usefulness of is1081 in the epidemiology of tuberculosis was investigated. the host range of this insertion sequence was found to be restricted exclusively to the group of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex bacteria, whereas none of the 10 mycobacterial species which do not belong to the m. tuberculosis complex contained is1081-homologous dna. all 99 m. tuberculosis complex strains investigated car ... | 1992 | 1352785 |
| differentiation of slowly growing mycobacterium species, including mycobacterium tuberculosis, by gene amplification and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | a two-step assay combining a gene amplification step and a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was developed to differentiate the mycobacterium species that account for greater than 90% of potentially pathogenic isolates and greater than 86% of all isolates in clinical laboratories in the united states. these species are m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, m. avium, m. intracellulare, m. kansasii, and m. gordonae. with lysates of pure cultures as the template, two oligonucleotide primers th ... | 1992 | 1352786 |
| evaluation of a commercial chemiluminescent gene probe system 'accuprobe' for the rapid differentiation of mycobacteria, including 'maic x', isolated from blood and other sites, from patients with aids. | optimal therapy of mycobacterial infections in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) is difficult to achieve because of the time needed for a conventional culture to differentiate between mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (maic) and mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc). the recent commercial availability of gene probing techniques has introduced the potential for more rapid differentiation. we have evaluated the suitability of this technique. the specificity of the chemilumines ... | 1992 | 1353090 |
| mycobacteria contain two groel genes: the second mycobacterium leprae groel gene is arranged in an operon with groes. | in contrast to other bacterial species, mycobacteria were thus far considered to contain groel and groes genes that are present on separate loci on their chromosomes, here, by screening a mycobacterium leprae lambda gt11 expression library with serum from an ethiopian lepromatous leprosy patient, two dna clones were isolated that contain a groel gene arranged in an operon with a groes gene. the complete dna sequence of this groesl operon was determined. the predicted amino acid sequences of the ... | 1992 | 1354834 |
| evaluation of the a-60 igg elisa serodiagnostic test for tuberculosis in taiwan. | to assess the applicability of a serologic test of specific igg antibody for tuberculous infection in the taiwan population, serum samples obtained from 118 subjects were analyzed by an elisa test using mycobacterial antigen 60. there were 50 patients with a documented active infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (39 pulmonary tuberculosis, five pleurisy, three cervical lymphadenitis and three miliary tuberculosis with extrapulmonary involvement). of these 50 patients, 42 (84%) showed a ... | 1992 | 1358348 |
| a study of glutaraldehyde disinfection of fibreoptic bronchoscopes experimentally contaminated with mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacteria are difficult to inactivate, and concern about the spread of tuberculosis at bronchoscopy has a major influence on infection control practices. recommendations from the uk department of health are based largely on in-vitro mycobactericidal assays which do not take into account the particular conditions encountered in endoscopy units. in this applied study cleaning and disinfection methods were examined using five bronchoscopes that were heavily contaminated with a recent isolate of ... | 1992 | 1358955 |
| preventive medicine for hiv-infected patients: an analysis of isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculin reactors and for anergic patients. | to analyze the policies of isoniazid prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected tuberculin reactors and for hiv-infected anergic patients with unknown tuberculin status. | 1992 | 1360493 |
| genetic markers for the epidemiology of tuberculosis. | | 1992 | 1360692 |
| immunopathogenesis of takayasu arteritis. | takayasu arteritis is a common cause of renovascular hypertension in india. sensitization to infective agents, particularly mycobacterium tuberculosis or autoimmune disturbances have been incriminated in its pathogenesis. twenty patients of takayasu arteritis along with groups of normal individuals, patients of essential hypertension, autoimmune disorders, tuberculosis, and healthy tuberculin reactors were studied. besides detailed immunological profiles including le cell phenomenon, serum compl ... | 1992 | 1360978 |
| france: nosocomial multidrug-resistant tb. | | 1992 | 1361611 |
| computer-assisted pattern recognition model for the identification of slowly growing mycobacteria including mycobacterium tuberculosis. | we present a computerized pattern recognition model used to speciate mycobacteria based on their restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) banding patterns. dna fragment migration distances were normalized to minimize lane-to-lane variability of band location both within and among gels through the inclusion of two internal size standards in each sample. the computer model used a library of normalized rflp patterns derived from samples of known origin to create a probability matrix which wa ... | 1992 | 1362211 |
| emergence during unsuccessful chemotherapy of multiple drug resistance in a strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | serial isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis were cultured from a patient who failed to respond to standard antituberculous chemotherapy. isolates were cultured in march 1989, july 1989, december 1989 and may 1990. each successive isolate was found to be resistant to a wider range of antituberculous drugs than its predecessors. the initial isolate was resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, the second isolate was also resistant to ethambutol, the third was also resistant to pyrazinamide, ansamycin ... | 1992 | 1362540 |
| the effect of mycobacterium tuberculosis on the susceptibility of human cells to the stimulatory and toxic effects of tumour necrosis factor. | it has previously been shown that the inherently tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha)-sensitive l929 murine fibroblast cell line becomes much more sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of this cytokine after exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis in culture. in this study it is now shown that normal human cells of types likely to be involved in tuberculous lesions are affected in a similar way. growth of normal human fibroblasts is usually stimulated by tnf-alpha in vitro, but after exposure to ... | 1992 | 1362962 |
| measurement of the immunoperoxidase staining of macrophages within liver granulomata of mice infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a quantitative image analysis technique developed for the measurement of the extent of macrophage activation and epithelioid cell differentiation was performed on mice infected experimentally with mycobacterium tuberculosis. the granulomatous inflammatory response within the liver reached a peak at day 23 and declined by day 33. animals of strain b10.br (h-2k) showed an increased granuloma fraction as compared to balb/k (h-2k) mice, thus confirming the influence of non-h2 genes in the control of ... | 1992 | 1363347 |
| analysis of the regions responsible for is6110 rflp in a single mycobacterium tuberculosis strain. | a high degree of is6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) is observed amongst the different strains of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. the sequences of the is6110 flanking regions from a m. tuberculosis strain harbouring four is6110 copies were determined. duplication of 3-4 nucleotides was found at the extremities of the four is6110 copies, suggesting that is6110 rflp is due to transposition of the is element. one of the copies of is6110 analysed in the study was shown to ... | 1992 | 1363676 |
| synthesis of the trisaccharide-protein conjugate of the phenolic glycolipid of mycobacterium tuberculosis for the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis. | the trisaccharide segment of the phenolic glycolipid (pgl) of mycobacterium tuberculosis, 2-o-methyl-3-o-[3-o-(2,3,4-tri-o-methyl-alpha-l-fucopyranosyl)-alpha-l- rhamnopyranosyl]-alpha-l-rhamnopyranose, was synthesized in the form of the p-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl glycoside by a stepwise condensation. 2,4-di-o-benzyl-3-o-acetyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl chloride was coupled to p-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl 4-o-benzyl-2-o-methyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside in the presence of silver triflate, ... | 1991 | 1368732 |
| mycobacterial growth and ultrastructure in mouse l-929 fibroblasts and bone marrow-derived macrophages: evidence that infected fibroblasts secrete mediators capable of modulating bacterial growth in macrophages. | the intracellular growth kinetics of mycobacterium avium and h37rv (virulent) and h37ra (avirulent) strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis were compared by use of both the professional (mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, bmm phi) and nonprofessional (mouse l-929 fibroblast cell line) phagocytes. the results obtained showed that all the mycobacterial strains grew more actively in fibroblasts than in bmm phi. this difference was paralleled by lesser acid phosphatase (acp) labeling of noninfecte ... | 1992 | 1368975 |
| diagnosis of mycobacterial infections by pcr and restriction enzyme digestion. | a method for the diagnosis of mycobacterial infections by pcr amplification followed by selective restriction enzyme digestion of the pcr product was developed. the amplified dna sequence used in this study occurs within the gene encoding for the mycobacterial 65 kda heat shock protein (hance et al. 1989), which is found in all mycobacteria. however, there are minute differences in the amplified sequence from the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex compared with the corresponding sequence from th ... | 1992 | 1369390 |
| isolation and characterization of the groes and groel genes of bacillus subtilis marburg. | the complete set of groes and groel gene homologues from bacillus subtilis marburg 168 was identified, cloned, and characterized. the nucleotide sequence indicated the presence of two open reading frames corresponding to the groes and groel genes. the presumptive groes and groel proteins were calculated to be polypeptides of 10,175 and 57,175 da, respectively, and showed extensive sequence similarities with the known groes and groel proteins of escherichia coli and mycobacterium tuberculosis. a ... | 1992 | 1369494 |
| prevention of adjuvant arthritis in rats by a nonapeptide from the 65-kd mycobacterial heat shock protein: specificity and mechanism. | in a previous study we have shown that lewis rats were completely protected from adjuvant arthritis by pretreatment with a nonapeptide (residues 180-188) of the 65-kd mycobacterial heat shock protein. here we address questions of specificity and mechanism(s) of protection. we demonstrate that complete protection against adjuvant arthritis can only be achieved by pre-immunization with the nonapeptide, while pretreatment with either the octapeptide (residues 181-188) of the 65-kd heat shock protei ... | 1992 | 1370776 |
| the 14,000-molecular-weight antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis is related to the alpha-crystallin family of low-molecular-weight heat shock proteins. | eight monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the 14,000-molecular-weight (14k) antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis reacted specifically with mycobacteria of the m. tuberculosis complex. the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the 14k antigen was determined by using recombinant dna clones isolated from lambda gt11 and cosmid libraries of the m. tuberculosis genome. the dna sequence of the 14k protein gene coded for a polypeptide of 144 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of ... | 1992 | 1370952 |
| identification of the 10sa rna structural gene of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | | 1992 | 1371186 |
| primary and secondary human in vitro t-cell responses to soluble antigens are mediated by subsets bearing different cd45 isoforms. | a culture system has been developed which consistently supports in vitro proliferative responses to conventional soluble antigens by human cd4+ t cells from non-immunized donors. t cells exposed to an antigen in primary cultures could be restimulated in vitro in an antigen-specific manner to give secondary responses with greater magnitudes and a more rapid onset than the initial reaction. to characterize further the responding t-cell population in primary compared with secondary reactions, t cel ... | 1992 | 1371496 |
| an immunosuppressant compound, fk-506, prevents the progression of autoimmune myocarditis in rats. | a new immunosuppressive compound, fk-506, is a macrolide produced by streptomyces tsukubaensis. it is reported that fk-506 prolongs the viability of allogenic grafts of the heart and kidney in vivo and inhibits the development of autoimmune diseases. furthermore, immunosuppressive therapy of myocarditis in humans has been given special attention by various observers; however, it is controversial. this study investigates the effects of fk-506 on experimental autoimmune myocarditis in rats. we per ... | 1992 | 1371730 |
| immunoreactivity of a 10-kda antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | identification of ag of mycobacterium tuberculosis recognized by t cells is essential to understanding the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and mechanism(s) of resistance to infection. previous studies evaluating the immunoreactivity of nitrocellulose transfers of m. tuberculosis ag separated by sds-page indicated that a high proportion of m. tuberculosis-reactive t cell lines proliferate in response to a 10-kda ag. we therefore purified this ag from m. tuberculosis culture filtrates and evaluated i ... | 1992 | 1371791 |
| high antibody levels to the mycobacterial fibronectin-binding antigen of 30-31 kd in tuberculosis and lepromatous leprosy. | immunoblot assays showed that mycobacterial fibronectin-binding antigens are important targets of the humoral immune response in tuberculosis and leprosy. using culture filtrate antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis, strong reactivity with the fibronectin-binding of 30-31 kd (fn 30-31) was demonstrated in 55.9% of tuberculosis sera and in 56.5% of lepromatous leprosy sera. sera from patients with tuberculoid leprosy and control sera gave very weak binding. reactivity of tuberculosis and leproma ... | 1992 | 1371953 |
| specific inhibition of mrna accumulation for lymphokines in human t cell line jurkat by mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan antigen. | the immunomodulatory effect of mycobacterium tuberculosis-derived lipoarabinomannan (lam) on mitogen/antigen-induced expression of mrnas for a number of cytokines in human monocytic cell line mono-mac-6 and in t cell line jurkat was investigated. interestingly, lam exhibited a down-regulatory effect on the accumulation of mrnas for il-2, il-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf), and il-2 receptor alpha (il-2r alpha) in t cells co-stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin-p (pha) ... | 1992 | 1371954 |