| piperacillin (t-1220), a new semisynthetic penicillin: in vitro antimicrobial activity comparison with carbenicillin, ticarcillin, ampicillin, cephalothin, cefamandole and cefoxitin. | piperacillin (t-1220) is a new semisynthetic penicillin with an unusually broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. in vitro comparisons of this drug with 6 other beta-lactam antimicrobics (ticarcillin, carbenicillin, ampicillin, cephalothin, cefamandole and cefoxitin) were conducted. these included minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) against 394 bacterial isolates, the minimal lethal concentrations (mlc) against 79 of those, as well as the effect of inoculum size on the mic and mlc of the d ... | 1977 | 599084 |
| factors affecting plate assay of gentamicin. iii. klebsiella assay strains. | | 1977 | 599118 |
| clinical study of the use of the new aminoglycoside tobramycin for therapy of infections due to gram-negative bacteria. | tobramycin, a new aminoglycoside antimicrobial, was evaluated as therapy for infections due to gram-negative bacilli in 15 seriously ill patients with underlying diseases. three of 10 patients with gram-negative bacteraemia also had a urinary tract infection. two patients had a respiratory tract infection, one had cellulitis, one had a urinary tract infection, and another had septic phlebitis. twelve patients were cured of their infections. eosinophilia was observed in one patient, and another d ... | 1977 | 600202 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of k. ozaenae. | | 1977 | 602918 |
| a comparative trial of sisomicin therapy by intermittent versus continuous infusion. | one hundred and thirty-nine febrile episodes in 120 patients were treated with sisomicin after a combination of carbenicillin and a cephalosporin antibiotic had failed. these patients were randomized to receive sisomicin either by continuous or by intermittent infusion. the response rate for patients treated with sisomicin was 61 percent by continuous infusion and 46 percent by intermittent infusion, which was not statistically significant. pneumonia, septicemia, and soft tissue infections were ... | 1977 | 602958 |
| [microheterogeneity of r plasmid coded beta-lactamases in analytical isoelectric focusing (author's transl)]. | analytical isoelectric focusing of plasmid-coded beta-lactamases in polyacrylamide gels gives rise to several satellite bands in addition to one major active band (microheterogeneity). when the r plasmids are transferred by conjugation into 4 different bacterial species (escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella typhi-murium, proteus mirabilis) the position of the main band remains constant, but the number and position of the satellite bands are changed. furthermore, the minimal inhibi ... | 1977 | 603191 |
| effect of enteric micro-organisms on intestinal sugar and fatty acid absorption. | the effect of micro-organisms contaminating the upper intestinal contents of malnourished children on intestinal absorption of 3-0 methyl-alpha-d-glucopyranose (3-m.g.) and oleic acid was studied in rats in vivo. oleci acid absorption was unaffected by non-pathogenic e. coli but decreased by e. coli 0111, salmonella paratyphi b., shigella sonnei and candida sp. this effect was probably explained by intestinal secretion diluting the test solution leading to a decreased diffusion gradient for solu ... | 1977 | 603464 |
| gram-negative bacillary infections in cancer patients. | the majority of infectious complications in cancer patients are caused by gram-negative bacilli. the most common organisms are escherichia coli, klebsiella spp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa. sites of infection are related to the patients' underlying malignancies, but pneumonia and septicaemia occur most often. important newer antibiotics for the therapy of these infections are aminoglycosides and semisynthetic penicillins. it is advisable to utilize combinations of antibiotics for serious infectio ... | 1977 | 609979 |
| ticarcillin: a collaborative in vitro comparison with carbenicillin against over 9,000 clinical bacterial isolates. | the minimal inhibitory concentrations of ticarcillin and carbenicillin were determined for 9,236 clinical bacterial isolates by the broth microdilution method at four participating laboratories. ticarcillin showed significantly increased activity against klebsiella pneumoniae (p less than .001), pseudomonas aeruginosa (p less than .001) and aeromonas hydrophilia (p less than .005) when compared to carbenicillin, but no signifcant differences were observed against other gram-negative organisms. t ... | 1977 | 610415 |
| [clinical microbiology of klebsiellae]. | | 1977 | 610924 |
| [presence of resistance factors to antibiotics in multiresistant enterobacteria]. | the present study was carried out with 111 multiresistant pathogenic strains of enterobacterias isolated from different sources with increased resistance to three or more antibiotics. among the identified species are included e. coli, shigella sp., salmonella oranienburg, klebsiella pneumoniae and citrobacter freundii. in general, the minimal inhibitory concentration of antibiotics was above 100 microgram/ml and in some cases it was superior to 1000 microgram/ml. resistance transfer factors were ... | 1977 | 614652 |
| acquired tracheobronchomalacia. a bronchological follow-up study. | ninety-four patients with acquired tracheobronchomalacia were followed up between 1967-1977, for an average of 5.2 years. fifty-six were still alive at the end of the period, and 47 of these were reexamined. twenty-one patients had retired on pensions for lung disease. of the 36 patients who underwent rebronchoscopy, tracheomalacia alone was seen in 3 and tracheobrochomalacia in 33. six out of the 9 cases of tracheomalacia and all the 5 cases of bronchomalacia had developed into tracheobronchoma ... | 1977 | 616225 |
| carbon dioxide-dependent klebsiellae. | | 1978 | 620318 |
| nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) associated with roots of winter wheat and sorghum in nebraska. | root segments and root-soil cores (6.5-cm diameter) from fields and nurseries of winter wheat and sorghum were tested for n2 fixation by using the acetylene reduction assay. wheat samples (approximately 1,200) from 109 sites generally had low or no activity (0 to 3.1 nmol of c2h4 produced per h per g [dry weight] of root segments), even after 24 h of incubation. however, a commercial field of scout 66, located in western nebraska, exhibited appreciable activity (290 nmol of c2h4 produced per h p ... | 1978 | 623458 |
| antimicrobial activity in vitro of cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin. | the antimicrobial activity of cefaclor, a new orally administered cephalosporin derivative, was studied in vitro against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates. both penicillin-resistant and penicillin-susceptible strains of staphylococcus aureus were susceptible to cefaclor, with mean mics of 1.44 and 0.93 microgram/ml, respectively. however, the mbc for penicillin-resistant s. aureus was higher than that for the penicillin-susceptible strains. all strains of streptococc ... | 1978 | 624778 |
| bacterial contamination of the biliary tree after choledochostomy. | secondary exogenous contamination of bile after choledochostomy could be an important cause of long-term morbidity if infection persists after removal of the t tube. surprisingly, documentation of the frequency of conversion of sterile to infected bile after choledochostomy has rarely been recorded. patients undergoing exploration and t-tube drainage of the common bile duct between july 1966 and january 1975, in whom intraoperative and postoperative cultures of bile were available, were studied. ... | 1978 | 626314 |
| consequence of cerulenin-released beta-lactamase in clinical coliforms. | periplasmic beta-lactamase of certain clinical coliforms was released, without affecting cell viability, by perturbation of the outer membrane utilizing the fatty acid-mimicking antibiotic cerulenin. release of such compartmentalized beta-lactamase, at high population density, seems to provide an extra margin of resistance to the organisms against cephaloridine. | 1978 | 626484 |
| pc-904, a new semisynthetic penicillin. | sodium 6{d(-)-alpha(4-hydroxyl-1,5 naphthyridine-3-carboxamido)phenylacetamido} penicillanate (pc-904) is a new semisynthetic penicillin with broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli. at a concentration of 1.56 mug/ml, it inhibited 100% of isolates of proteus mirabilis, 89% of pseudomonas aeruginosa, 67% of escherichia coli, and 45% of enterobacter spp. at a concentration of 12.5 mug/ml, it inhibited 75% of klebsiella spp. and 67% of serratia marcescens. pc-9 ... | 1978 | 626486 |
| abnormalities of phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics. significance in septic and nonseptic burned patients. | the flow of phenylalanine, the essential amino acid precursor of thyroid hormone and catecholamines, was severely elevated in five septic burned patients (6.70 +/- 1.07 mg/kg) and six nonseptic burned patients (5.00 +/- 0.44 mg/kg) when compared with seven normal controls (2.10 +/- 0.33 mg/kg). fasting serum concentrations of phenylalanine were elevated in the septic burned patients (2.33 +/- 0.37 mg/100 ml of serum) relative to the nonseptic patients (1.28 +/- 0.21 mg/100 ml) and the controls ( ... | 1978 | 626574 |
| a descriptive study of nosocomial bacteremias at the johns hopkins hospital, 1968--1974. | patient, infection and pathogen characteristics are analyzed for 935 cases of nosocomial bacteremia at the johns hopkins hospital, 1968--1974. the overall nosocomial bacteremia attack rate was 4.1 cases per 1,000 hospital patients. rougly 6% of all hospital deaths were among patients with nosocomial bacteremias. the case-fatality rate for the seven years was 37.1% compared with an overall hospital mortality rate of 2.7 deaths per 100 hospital patients. the mortality rate for the entire hospital ... | 1978 | 628128 |
| epidemiological patterns of klebsiella colonization and infection in an intensive care ward. | twenty-four per cent of 2315 patients admitted to the intensive care unit of st thomas's hospital in the 4 year period from november 1969 became colonized or infected with klebsiella species. capsular typing of 986 klebsiella isolates from 551 patients showed that there were 695 patient-isolates, mostly derived from the respiratory tract. capsular types 47 and 21 were the commonest types and together accounted for 19.9% of the patient-isolates. the 14 commonest types accounted for 47.3% of all p ... | 1978 | 632569 |
| [septicemia after biopsy of the small intestine]. | | 1978 | 634777 |
| bacterial colonization of jejunal mucosa in giardiasis. | nine of 14 cases of giardiasis and severe malabsorption were found to have numerous bacteria adjacent to the mucosa and within luminal fluid samples from the upper jejunum. three species of enterobacteria (klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae and e. hafniae) were cultured from eight patients and from only one were bacteroides isolated. enterobacteria were not cultured from seven of eight patients who had giardiasis but only mild malabsorption (of xylose only) nor from seven patients witho ... | 1978 | 635972 |
| phagocytosis of serum-resistant and serum-sensitive coliform bacteria (klebsiella) by bovine neutrophils from blood and mastitic milk. | phagocytic activity of neutrophil leukocytes from bovine blood and mastitic milk was determined for 2 strains of klebsiella, 1 resistant and the other sensitive to serum bactericidal activity. both strains were easily phagocytized in the presence of an opsonic agent, but milk neutrophils seemed to be less efficient than blood neutrophils in this respect. phagocytosis was maximal after incubation for 60 minutes at 37 c and decreased markedly with reduction in incubation temperature. the opsonic a ... | 1978 | 637390 |
| significance of low-temperature growth associated with the fecal coliform response, indole production, and pectin liquefaction in klebsiella. | in the genus klebsiella, the growth respnse in nutient broth at 10 degrees c correlates inversely with the operational definition of a fecal coliform and not merely with the ability to grow at 44.5 degrees c. of the fecal coliform-positive klebsiella, 97% did not grow at 10 degrees c after 72 h of incubation. conversely, 97% of the fecal coliform-negative isolates grew at 10 degrees c. the amount of growth at 10 degrees c varied among the fecal coliform-negative isolates and was found to correla ... | 1978 | 637539 |
| conformational studies of bacterial polysaccharides. ii. optical activity of some bacterial capsular polysaccharides. | | 1978 | 638232 |
| factors predisposing to oropharyngeal colonization with gram-negative bacilli in the aged. | to assess the factors responsible for oropharyngeal colonization with gram-negative bacilli among elderly persons in institutions, we performed a cross-sectional survey of 407 volunteers, 65 years of age and older, who had not received antimicrobials in the previous four weeks. colonization increased with level of care: from 9 per cent in independent residents of apartments to 60 per cent in patients on an acute hospital ward (p less than 0.0001). klebsiella species was found in 41 per cent of t ... | 1978 | 643028 |
| [treatment of pulmonary infections with cephalexin (author's transl)]. | the efficacy of cephalexin--an oral cephalosporine--was assessed in 20 children with pulmonary infections including bronchopneumonia and infiltrative peribronchitis in an open study. in 16 patients prompt resolution of clinical and radiological signs was observed. the drug was well tolerated, there were no side effects or allergies to be demonstrated. among the therapeutic agents for infections of the respiratory tract cephalexin should be considered among the antibiotics of first choice. | 1978 | 643299 |
| gentamicin-resistant klebsiella infections in a neonatal intensive care unit. | | 1978 | 645665 |
| [osteomyelitis in the newborn]. | the study included 17 cases of osteomyelitis in the newborn period, admitted through a period of 10 years. males showed a rate of 1.8:1 over females. the possible port of entry was established in 11 cases. the most important clinical signs were: edema, erythema, hypomotility and fluctuation. in one third of the cases, systemic infection signs were eident and in 4 cases, confirmation resulted from blood cultures positive to gram-negative germs. the germ most frequently isolated in the secretion w ... | 1978 | 646888 |
| sisomicin: in vitro activity and pharmacokinetics. | in vitro activity of sisomicin and gentamicin was compared in serial dilution tests for 619 bacterial strains (staphylococcus aureus, e. coli, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, enterobacter, klebsiella, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella, serratia marcescens). mean mic of sisomicin was lower by one geometrical dilution step compared with gentamicin for pseudomonas, proteus vulgaris, klebsiella, and serratia, while it was almost identical with the other species. resistance (mic greater than 5 ... | 1978 | 649233 |
| bacterial contamination of pulmonary artery catheters. | the catheter tips of 152 patients, who were haemodynamically supervised by pulmonary artery monitoring or continuous cardiac output determination, were bacteriologically examined. 106 cultures remained sterile, 21 cultures revealed a growth of non pathogenic organisms. staphylococcus aureus was cultured 15 times, pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 times, citrobacter as well as escherichia coli twice, and klebsiella and enterobacter once each. there was no statistically significant connection between dwell ... | 1978 | 649839 |
| [gas gangrene. the files of the swiss accident insurance company 1963-1975]. | the clinical histories of 28 cases registered as gas gangrene by the swiss national accident insurance (schweizerische unfallversicherungsanstalt) from 1963 to 1975 are reviewed. according to the classification of altemeier (1. gas gangrene, 2. clostridial cellulitis, 3. simple contamination of a wound by clostridium, and 4. gaseous infection without clostridium) only 5 cases were assignable to group one (1 survivor), 2 cases to group two, 9 to group three and 9 to group four. typical cases from ... | 1978 | 653345 |
| klebsiella ozaenae in bronchiectasis. | | 1978 | 656849 |
| comparative in vitro activity of five nitrofurans. | five nitrofurans- nitrofurantoin, nifuratel, nitrofurazone, furazolidone and and sq 18,506--have been tested against 201 microbial strains. escherichia coli, streptococcus faecalis, micrococci and staphylococcus epidermidis were sensitive to all five compounds; furazolidone and sq 18,506 were the most active against these species. klebsiella aerogenes was less sensitive, and proteus spp., providencia stuartii and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were resistant. nifuratel was inhibitory for some ca ... | 1978 | 657876 |
| l-2-hydroxytetradecanoic acid as a constituent of salmonella lipopolysaccharides (lipid a). | l-2-hydroxytetradecanoic acid was recognized as a characteristic, although minor, constituent of the lipid a component of salmonella lipopolysaccharides. the 2-hydroxy fatty acid was present in lipid a as an ester, probably bound to the hydroxyl group of some d-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid residues. a survey of enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides showed that l-2-hydroxytetradecanoid acid was also present in klebsiella and serratia strains. it was absent, however, from lipopolysaccharides of other ... | 1978 | 658049 |
| [increase of opportunistic infections due to klebsiella]. | | 1978 | 661078 |
| [the antimicrobial activity of amikacin in comparison with three other aminoglycoside-antibiotics (author's transl)]. | we report about the in-vitro-sensitivity tests of 1756 enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas strains to amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin. it was established, that amikacin is more effective than gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin in case of infections with klebsiella, proteus species, psuedomonas strains and enterobacter. the four aminoglycosides are well active against e. coli. hospital acquired infections with serratia are a domain of amikacin. tobramycin is more effective than ge ... | 1978 | 661734 |
| septicemia caused by klebsiella oxytoca. | klebsiella oxytoca was isolated from the blood of a leukemic patient. the typical pathogenicity of klebsiella oxytoca was observed in the patient. the pathogenicity of several klebsiella oxytoca strains isolated from blood, urine and sputum of different patients was examined in mice, and it was found that klebsiella oxytoca isolated from the blood had a higher toxicity than the others. | 1978 | 663938 |
| [participation of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria in the processes of intestinal dysbacteriosis]. | the presence of a number of conditioned-pathogenic enterobacteria (klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter) in patients with intestinal dysbacteriosis, and also their detection in derangement of normal intestinal biocenosis in patients with chronic intestinal disturbances with clinical manifestations of this condition, even in the absence of known bacteriological indications of dysbacteriosis was revealed. results of investigations led the authors to the conclusion on the participation of a number ... | 1978 | 665052 |
| synergy of azlocillin and mezlocillin combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics and cephalosporins. | synergistic activity between both azlocillin and mezlocillin and aminoglycosides or cefazolin could be demonstrated by checkerboard dilution, isobologram, and killing curve techniques. azlocillin and mezlocillin combined with gentamicin, netilmicin, or amikacin were synergistic against escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia, and indole-positive proteus. synergy was observed with isolates that were susceptible or resistant to azlocillin or mezlocillin. synergy was seen ... | 1978 | 666302 |
| pharmacology and efficacy of netilmicin. | twenty-six patients, 20 to 77 years of age, were treated with netilmicin, mean dose 2 mg/kg every 8 h intramuscularly or in a 20-min intravenous infusion. the mean serum half-lives in patients with creatinine clearances of >/=90 ml/min and 60 to 90 ml/min were 3.2 and 3.4 h, respectively. in patients with serum creatinines of </=1.4 mg/100 ml and creatinine clearances of >/=60 ml/min, mean serum levels were 9.0 and 1.2 mug/ml, respectively, 5 to 15 min and 7.5 h post-intravenous infusion, and 7. ... | 1978 | 666303 |
| structural investigation of klebsiella serotype k70 polysaccharide. | by using the techniques of methylation analysis, uronic acid degradation, partial hydrolysis, and periodate oxidation, th structure of the capsular polysaccharide from klebsiella serotype k70 has been investigated. nuclear magnetic resonance was used extensively to characterize fragments obtained as a result of the various degradation procedures. the existence of a linear, hexasaccharide repeating unit having a 1-carboxyethylidene group attached to a 2-linked alpha-l-rhamnosyl residue in every s ... | 1978 | 667876 |
| [changing pattern of klebsiella pneumonia]. | | 1978 | 669467 |
| [microbiological evaluation of cefoxitin, a new beta-lactamase resistant cephamycin antibiotic, compared to cephalothin, cephaloridine and cefazolin]. | cefoxitin (mefoxitin), cephaloridin, cephalothin and cefazolin were tested in vitro against 380 clinical isolates of staph. aureus and enterobacteriaceae using the tube dilution procedure. of the gramnegative microorganisms a selection of 150 strains was examined regarding susceptibility to the antibiotic combinations cefoxitin/gentamicin and cefoxitin/sisomicin in comparison to cephalothin/gentamicin and cephalothin/sisomicin. cefoxitin has a broad antimicrobial spectrum and a high beta-lactama ... | 1978 | 669547 |
| glycocinnamoylspermidines, a new class of antibiotics. v. antibacterial evaluation of the isopropyl derivative of ll-bm123gamma. | isopropyl ll-bm123gamma, a novel semisynthetic glycocinnamoylspermidine antibiotic, was active in vitro against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with broad spectrum bactericidal activity against clinically important gram-negative strains. in parallel tests, it was equal to or more potent than reference aminoglycoside antibiotics against escherichia coli, proteus, enterobacter-klebsiella, serratia, salmonella, and acinetobacter strains. against clinical isolates of pseudomonas aerugi ... | 1978 | 670083 |
| [additional anti-klebsiella phages used in lysotyping of klebsiella strains]. | in order to increase the efficiency of lysotyping as a method for differentiating klebsiella strains the authors tested the activity of 10 additional phages isolated, prepared and studied in the laboratory and compared to the slopek-milch set. a number of 734 klebsiella strains were isolated in different clinical and epidemiological conditions and lysotyped. the phage type was determined in 64.60% of the strains examined, using 15 phages of the slopek-milch set. by using additional autochtonous ... | 1978 | 675029 |
| pyogenic meningitis in ibadan, nigeria. a 15-month prospective study. | between january 1976 and march 1977, cerebrospinal fluid samples from 2130 patients at university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria were examined, 130 patients were shown to have pyogenic meningitis. the commonest causative bacteria were streptococcus pneumoniae (53.8%), haemophilus influenzae (23%), neisseria meningitidis (7.7%) and klebsiella spp. (3%). most of the infections occurred in very young children: 47% of all patients were under 1 year of age, and 69% were under 5 years old. the over ... | 1978 | 675164 |
| studies on the immune response in chickens i. effect of various immunization procedures on the primary and secondary antibody responses to bovine serum albumin. | antibody response and generation of immunological memory in chickens after stimulation by bovine serum albumin (bsa) were investigated. a single intravenous injection of bsa induced a relatively high primary antibody response but failed to generate definite memory for the secondary antibody response. variation in antigen dosage and the time interval between antigen injections did not affect significantly the levels of the primary and secondary antibody responses. the immunogenicity of deaggregat ... | 1978 | 676427 |
| [therapy with combinations of aminoglycosides and other antibiotics]. | | 1978 | 676871 |
| surveillance of gentamicin-resistant gram-negative bacilli in a general hospital. | aerobic gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens from 1 january to 31 december 1976 were tested for gentamicin and tobramycin resistance by standardized disk testing. for pseudomonas isolates, gentamicin resistance was 17.1% and tobramycin resistance was 2.8%. for other gram-negative bacilli, gentamicin resistance was 5.5% and tobramycin resistance was 5.4%. seventy-four patients from whom gentamicin-resistant organisms were isolated from 1 january to 30 june 1976 were studied pros ... | 1978 | 677859 |
| azlocillin and mezlocillin: new ureido penicillins. | the activity of azlocillin and mezlocillin, new semisynthetic ureido penicillins, was investigated and compared with that of other known beta-lactam antibiotics. at a concentration of 25 mug/ml, azlocillin inhibited 74% of enterobacter, 97% of proteus mirabilis, 64% of citrobacter, 91% of pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 82% of bacteroides strains tested. mezlocillin inhibited 86% of shigella, 96% of enterobacter, 80% of indole-positive proteus, 88% of bacteroides, and 63% of pseudomonas strains test ... | 1978 | 677860 |
| in vitro studies of piperacilin, a new semisynthetic penicillin. | piperacillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin, was compared with other semisynthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides by the agar dilution method against 3,600 isolates of facultative gram-negative bacilli, bacteroides fragilis, and enterococci. at 64 mug/ml, piperacillin inhibited 90% of the isolates in each group of organisms tested except for escherichia coli (83% inhibited by 64 mug/ml). compared with carbenicillin, piperacillin had a 16-fold increase in activity by weight aga ... | 1978 | 677861 |
| comparison of serum bactericidal activity among three antimicrobial combinations. | three antimicrobial combinations, ticarcillin plus cephalothin (t+c), ticarcillin plus gentamicin (t+g), and cephalothin plus gentamicin (c+g), were administered to 105 febrile granulocytopenic cancer patients at the baltimore cancer research center as part of a multi-institutional prospective randomized antibiotic trial. the sera from 32 of these patients (t+c-10 patients, t+g-10 patients, and c+g-12 patients) obtained 1 h post-antibiotic administration were examined for bactericidal activity a ... | 1978 | 677866 |
| pharyngeal colonization by gram-negative bacilli in aspiration-prone persons. | we compared the prevalence of gram-negative bacilli in the pharyngeal flora of two groups of patients with a known predilection for gram-negative bacillary pneumonia (chronic alcoholics and diabetics), two other groups of aspiration-prone persons with no known predilection for gram-negative bacillary pneumonia (epileptics and narcotic addicts), and normal control subjects. quantitative cultures of saline gargles showed pharyngeal gram-negative bacilli to be significantly (p less than .05) more p ... | 1978 | 677978 |
| [pharmacokinetic investigations on sisomicin in children (author's transl)]. | sisomicin is an aminoglycoside effective against gramnegative germs. the sensitiveness of coli, proteus, pseudomonas and klebsiella ranges from 0,1 to 0,4 mcg/ml. germs with inhibition-values of up to 1 mcg/ml are certainly sisomicin-sensitive. the side-effects of sisomicin resemble those of other aminoglycosides, as for instance lesions of the viith cranial nerve and the kidney. since aminoglycosides have a relatively small therapeutic range between toxicity and effective minimal-concentration, ... | 1978 | 683201 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of bl-s786 compared with those of other cephalosporins. | in vitro activity of bl-s786, a new parenterally semisynthetic cephalosporin, was investigated against 570 bacterial isolates. bl-s786 inhibited most escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and salmonella. it inhibited some enterobacter and indole-positive proteus, but it was less active against these later species than was cefamandole, cefuroxime, or cefoxitin. it was not active against serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, or bacteroides fragilis. bl-s786 was the lea ... | 1978 | 686701 |
| mode of action of a structurally novel beta-lactam. | cp-35,587 {6-[d-2-amino-2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido]-2,2-dimethyl-3- (5-tetrazolyl)-penam} is a member of a new family of beta-lactam antibacterial agents. because the biospectrum of cp-35,587 has features similar to both penicillins and cephalosporins, experiments were carried out to explore its mode of action. cp-35,587 did not inhibit peptidoglycan transpeptidase from escherichia coli, but it did inhibit dd-carboxypeptidase. similar results were obtained with cephalexin. when these antibioti ... | 1978 | 686705 |
| [colonization by enterobacteria during the first week of life in the normal newborn]. | the colonisation by enterobacteria of neonates, born normally, has been studied by quantitative and qualitative techniques (by the determination of the differing patterns of antibiotic resistance). the resistant enterobacteria were less common than the sensitive strains but resistant ones were widespread in the first week of life and 6 out of 10 babies became carriers of klebsiella. the results enabled epidemiological observations to be made (the role of the mother, who only seems to be importan ... | 1978 | 686949 |
| [fundamental and clinical studies of pc-904 in pediatrics (author's transl)]. | the following studies were carried out in pediatric patients. 1. serum levels of pc-904 were examined in 3 patients by 1 hour intravenous infusion of 20 mg/kg, reaching the peak of 22.5 approximately 25.5 microgram/ml at the end of infusion. half life was 37 approximately 48 minutes. 2. investigated in only 1 patient, the urinary excretion rate was 12.9% (0 approximately 6 hours). 3. the effect of pc-904 on blood pressure was examined in 1 patient, and no effect was observed. 4. clinical effects ... | 1978 | 691260 |
| [fundamental and clinical studies in pediatrics on pc-904, a penicillin with broad spectrum newly developed in japan (author's transl)]. | fundamental and clinical studies of pc-904, a newly developed penicillin with a broad spectrum, were performed and the following results were obtained. (1) the serum levels of pc-904 after 1.5 hours drip infusion reached the peak at 1 hour or at the end of the infusion and the detectable levels of pc-904 were maintained up to 2 or 3 hours after the end of the infusion. (2) the urinary excretion rates up to 6 hours after the onset of the infusion were 19.2 approximately 25.5%. (3) forty-one patie ... | 1978 | 691261 |
| [basic and clinical studies on new semisynthetic penicillin, pc-904, in pediatric field (author's transl)]. | pc-904 was administered to 16 pediatric patients and the following basic and clinical results were obtained. (1) pc-904 was administered 20 approximately 30 mg/kg. the serum peak level of pc-904 after drip intravenous infusion over 1 hour was 66.7 microgram/ml at 1 hour and t 1/2 of pc-904 was 67.8 minutes. pc-904 was administered 25 approximately 30 mg/kg intravenous one shot injection was 49.4 microgram/ml at 1 hour and t 1/2 of pc-904 was 52.2 minutes. (2) urinary excretion rate was about 20% ... | 1978 | 691265 |
| [clinical studies of pc-904 in pediatrics (author's transl)]. | pc-904 was administered to 24 patients: urinary tract infections (7 cases), bronchitis (2 cases), pneumonia (3 cases), brain abscess (1 case), septicemia and the suspected cases (10 cases), and buttock abscess (1 case). the daily dosage varied from 60 to 223.4 mg/kg and averaged 86.9 mg/kg. the drug was administered three times a day by 1-hour drip infusion, and the duration of the treatment averaged 11 days. clinical results were obtained as excellent responses in 5 cases, good in 13, poor in 4 ... | 1978 | 691266 |
| mouse virulence of a strain of klebsiella ozaenea and its variants in relation to colonial morphologies in soft-agar. | | 1978 | 692467 |
| [hospital acquired infections in children (author's transl)]. | the incidence of hospital-accquired infections in children as given in the literature varies between 0.3%--25%. the most frequent infections are those of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, skin, wounds, gastrointestinal tract, or septicemia, and meningitis, caused by staphylococcus aureus, e. coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, pseudomonas, proteus, fungi or virus. besides the identification of the type of infectious agent it is most important for the prevention and therapy of hospital-acquired i ... | 1978 | 692524 |
| antibiotic resistance factors and other plasmids in bacterial isolates from hospitalized patients. | among 186 arbitrarily selected gram-negative as well as gram-positive bacterial strains isolated from hospitalized patients, 63% were found to harbour plasmids, 42% of the strains with extrachromosomal dna showed more than one plasmid dna band in the agarose gel electrophoresis. the highest plasmid frequency was found in the enteric gram-negative microorganisms: 95% to 76% of the analyzed enterobacter species, klebsiella pneumoniae and e. coli isolates harboured plasmids. the plasmid frequency i ... | 1978 | 696060 |
| activity of 5-episisomicin compared with that of other aminoglycosides. | 5-episisomicin, a semisynthetic aminoglycoside, has been shown to inhibit many members of the enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus. at a concentration of 3.1 mug/ml, more than 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter, citrobacter, indole-positive proteus, and providencia were inhibited. 5-episisomicin had activity against s. aureus, e. coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, and citrobacter similar to gentamicin and netilmicin. it had activity similar ... | 1978 | 697347 |
| klebsiella serotyping by counter-current immunoelectrophoresis. | the development of a klebsiella serotyping method by counter-current immunoelectrophoresis (cie) is described. antisera were prepared against the capsular antigens of 72 type strains and tested for the specificity and strength of their precipitin reactions with antigens from homologous and heterologous serotypes. all antisera produced strong reactions with their homologous antigen: when diluted to titre 63 were highly specific, 3 cross-reacted strongly and 6 weakly with one other antigen. pools ... | 1978 | 701786 |
| neonatal meningitis due to enterobacter cloacae. | enterobacter species, in recent years, have been divided into e aerogenes, e hafniae, e liquefaciens, and e cloacae. early reviews of neonatal meningitis include some cases due to klebsiella-aerobacter,(1) and recent reviews(2,3) include enterobacter which did not divide them into species of enterobacter. reported here is a case of neonatal meningitis due to a gram-negative organism, enterobacter cloacae. | 1978 | 702571 |
| evaluation of carbenicillin and a comparison of clindamycin and gentamicin combined therapy in penetrating abdominal trauma. | results of this study suggest that an antibiotic or antibiotics to be effective in abdominal trauma must cover both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. a single drug, such as carbenicillin, appears to serve this purpose. if one is allergic to penicillin, then clindamycin along with gentamicin can be used. the routine use of an aminoglycoside in abdominal trauma is unnecessary. aminoglycoside should be added to carbenicillin therapy only in patients with klebsiella infections. furthermore, we also su ... | 1978 | 705571 |
| gentamicin-cephalothin drug reaction. | a case report describing the occurrence of nephrotoxicity in a 26-year-old black male with sickle cell anemia after concurrent i.v. administration of gentamicin sulfate and cephalothin sodium is presented. cephalothin 1 g.i.v. every six hours was given for three days for a klebsiella infection demonstrated by urine and blood culture to be cephalosporin sensitive. cephalothin was then discontinued and gentamicin, after an i.v. loading dose of 2.6 mg/kg, was given for 14 days in a dosage of 1.3 mg ... | 1978 | 707512 |
| the use of a laminar airflow isolation system for the treatment of major burns. | a laminar airflow isolation burn ward was designed which would maintain a sterile environment and also allow unrestricted burn care and rehabilitation to be performed. a very low rate of sepsis and sepsis-related complications have been found in the 115 patients treated in the unit. patient cross contamination has been completely controlled under laminar airflow conditions. the incidence of burn colonization and infection by virulent gram-negative organisms, namely pseudomonas, serratia, klebsie ... | 1978 | 707709 |
| acute cholecystitis in the elderly: a surgical emergency. | a retrospective review of 88 male patients older than 60 years of age with billiary tract disease showed a mortality of 6.8%. more than 40% of the patients (39 of 88) had acute cholecystitis. medical therapy failed for almost all of the patients (38 of 39) with acute inflammatory disease and they then required an operation during their initial hospitalization. in this acute disease group, 21% had empyema of the gallbladder, 18% had gangrenous cholecystitis or free perforation of the gallbladder, ... | 1978 | 708235 |
| food as a source of klebsiella species for colonisation and infection of intensive care patients. | food prepared for intensive care patients was frequently contaminated with klebsiella species. sixty-eight per cent of nasogastric feeds were contaminated with up to 10(4) klebsiellae per ml. hospital kitchens were the source of contamination. three patients ingested klebsiellae and subsequently excreted the same serotype in their faeces. over a four-week period there was a correlation between kitchen, food, faecal, and clinical serotypes of klebsiellae. serotypes ingested by intensive care pati ... | 1978 | 711914 |
| gas liquid chromatography for detection of bacteriuria: examination for volatile acidic and neutral compounds. | direct injection of clinically infected urines on porous-polymer columns was investigated to determine which microbial metabolites were consistently detectable, and whether their presence could be used as a reliable index of infection. chromosorb 101 was found to be the most suitable porous polymer for the detection of microbial metabolites; greater sensitivity of detection was achieved by partial purification of the urine before injection. acetic acid was the only compound found consistently an ... | 1978 | 711917 |
| urinary tract infection in high-risk newborn infants. | the prevalence of neonatal urinary tract infection (uti) was studied in 1,762 high-risk neonates. symptomatic bacteriuria was found in 1.9% and asymptomatic bacteriuria in 0.5% of these neonates. male preponderance was 5:1. clinical manifestations were extremely variable--vomiting, weight loss, and diarrhea being the prominent symptoms. bacteremia was associated with uti in six infants. the organisms identified in the urine obtained by suprapubic aspiration were escherichia coli, klebsiella, and ... | 1978 | 714582 |
| sce-963, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. | sce-963 {7beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-[({1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)- 1h-tetrazol-5-yl}thio)methyl]-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid}, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, showed excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae, indole-positive proteus, enterobacter species, and citrobacter freundii. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of sce-963 against most strains of clinically isolated escherichia coli, klebsiella pneum ... | 1978 | 718154 |
| ticarcillin disodium in anaerobic infections. | twenty-five patients were treated with ticarcillin disodium, 18 of whom had anaerobic infections that included pleuropulmonary infections (seven), mandibular osteomyelitis (four), perirectal abscess (two), sepsis, primary site unknown (one), liver abscess (one), pelvic abscess (one), decubitus ulcer (one), and synergistic gangrene (one). seven had no anaerobic infections. three had anaerobic septicemia. culture results included anaerobes: peptococci (ten), peptostreptococci (ten), bacteroides fr ... | 1978 | 718311 |
| sputum: a diagnostic pitfall in alcoholics. | | 1978 | 718342 |
| [effect of the structure of the nucleoside ligand of cobalamines on their enzymatic properties in a glycerol dehydratase system]. | the interaction between 8 adenosyl cobalamine (adocbl) analogs modified in adenine and deoxyribose of the nucleoside ligand and glycerol dehydratase from klebsiella pneumoniae atcc 25955 was studied. it was found that araadenosyl-, 3-isoadenosyl-, aristeromycyl- and nebularyl cobalamines possess coenzymic properties. the catalytic activities of these analogs complexes with glycerol dehydratase make up to 110, 36, 30 and 6% of the enzyme activity with the natural cofactor adocbl. benzimidazolribo ... | 1978 | 719056 |
| [control of a klebsiella hospital infection in a mixed ward for paraplegics and patients with infections]. | | 1978 | 721496 |
| [liability and cross infection]. | | 1978 | 721502 |
| [antibiotic prophylaxis in intensive care]. | of 611 prospectively studied patients in a surgical intensive care unit, 177 developed hospital infections (29%): urinary tract infections (37.2%), pneumonia (22.5%), sepsis (19.7%), wound infections (9.6%), etc. the commonest pathogens were pseud. aeruginosa, e. coli, staph. aureus, enterococci, klebsiella pneumoniae and proteus mirabilis. in preventing and combating hospital infections in intensive care units, priority should be given not to antibiotics but to hygiene in the hospital. systemic ... | 1978 | 721586 |
| infections caused by klebsiella ozaenae: a changing disease spectrum. | a total of 64 isolates of klebsiella ozaenae were recovered from 36 patients during a 40-month period. over 7,500 isolates of k. pneumoniae were isolated during the same time period. before this decade, k. ozaenae was considered to be only a colonizer of the nasopharynx or a putative cause of ozena (atrophic rhinitis). k. ozaenae was recovered most frequently from sputum in mixed culture but was associated with infection in 12 patients (2 with bacteremia, 3 with urinary tract infection, 1 with s ... | 1978 | 721945 |
| effects of intestinal micro-organisms on fluid and electrolyte transport in the jejunum of the rat. | culture filtrates of micro-organisms isolated from the upper intestinal secretions of malnourished children and grown in pure culture were shown to impair the intestinal absorption of water and electrolytes in live rats. decreased net movement out of the intestinal lumen, or actual secretion of water, sodium or potassium into the intestinal lumen, was found with culture filtrates of single isolates of staphylococcus epidermidis, escherichia coli 055, escherichia coli b7a, shigella sonnei, klebsi ... | 1978 | 722783 |
| [experimental pneumonia due to gram negative bacilli by air-borne infection (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 723032 |
| bacterial infections, sensitivity patterns, and chemotherapy among hospital patients in the tropics. | a prospective clinical and bacteriological review of the pattern of bacterial infections and chemotherapy among 1931 patients admitted to university college hospital, ibadan, between july and september, 1976, showed that 394 patients (20%) had bacterial infections, but 940 patients (49%) received antimicrobial chemotherapy. thus 58% of the patients were treated either prophylactically or without bacteriological confirmation of infection. infections of the respiratory tract were commonest (28%), ... | 1978 | 725540 |
| [identification and biological characteristics of strains of psychrophilic bacteria isolated from the diarrhea of polar research workers and from the water of antarctic lakes]. | bacteria of klebsiella genus and psychrophylic microbes affiliated by morphological and biochemical properties to bac. psychrosaccharolyticus were isolated in bacteriological examination of diarrhea in 8 of 14 participants of the 12th soviet antarctic expedition. psychrophylic bacteria isolated from the human intestinal contents possessed pathogenicity signs, i.e. these microbes liquefied gelatine, produced a cytotoxic action in the cells line hep-2, and caused death of 50% chick embryos in infe ... | 1978 | 726745 |
| thermosensitive antibiotic resistance plasmids in enterobacteria. | of 775 conjugative plasmids found in enterobacteria mediating antibiotic resistance, 24 (3.1%) were thermosensitive (ts); they were most common in klebsiella pneumoniae. ts plasmids were also found in all the samples of sewage and river water examined. over half of 73 ts plasmids from unrelated sources mediated resistance to chloramphenicol in addition to several other antibiotics. many of them mediated resistance to mercury (53.4%), arsenite (38.4%) and tellurite (79.5%) but not to copper, coba ... | 1978 | 731207 |
| [the surgical treatment of bacterial endocarditis undergoing emergency surgery during the acute phase (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 733485 |
| [investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehydecondensates. 4. communication: azomethins of aliphatic aldehydes (author's transl)]. | in the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates a number of azomethins was synthesized by the condensation of primary aliphatic and aromatic amins with aliphatic aldehydes. structures and physical constants are listed in table 1 and 2. - the antimicrobial activity of these azomethins is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration test (mic, table 4), and the suspension test (table 5) following the meth ... | 1978 | 735565 |
| [investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates. 5. communication: azomethins of benzaldehyde (author's transl)]. | in the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates a number of benzylidene-amines (azomethins of benzyldehyde) was synthesized by condensation of primary amines with benzaldehyde. structures and physical constants are shown in table 1 and 2. the antimicrobial activity of these benzylidene-amines is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration test (mic, table 4) and the suspension test (table 5) following ... | 1978 | 735566 |
| [numerical taxonomic studies on enterobacteria of surface-water (author's transl)]. | 435 enterobacterial strains of surface-water were tested in 35 physiological characters and classified numerically by a single-linkage procedure. the relations of similarity are shown in a "vernetzungsdiagramm" (connected graph, fig. 1). tab. 1 specifies the characters of the taxa, which were formed graphically. the following facts are the result of this taxonomic classification: 1. 32% of the escherichia group are kcn-positive. in addition it was found that 60% of the e. coli isolated from the ... | 1978 | 735569 |
| antibiotics in acute cholecystitis. | in 460 cholecystectomies performed for acute cholecystitis 215 (47%) positive gallbladder bile cultures were obtained. in 73% of emergency operations bacteria were recovered, in 48% of early operations (p less than 0.001) and in 29% of late operations (p less than 0.001). in vitro concentrations of 8-16 mcg/ml of ampicillin or cephalothin inhibited in most cases the growth of e. coli, klebsiella and enterococci, which comprised 75% of all strains isolated. one hour after intravenous infusion of ... | 1978 | 736504 |
| in vitro activity of oxolinic acid and nalidixic acid against common urinary pathogens: a comparative study. | a study was carried out to compare the sensitivity of 500 bacterial strains, isolated from patients with urinary tract infections, to oxolinic acid and nalidixic acid. the results showed that whilst both antibacterial agents were similar in their bacterial spectrum they were not identical in terms of cross-sensitivity or resistance. where there was a difference in sensitivity, this was always in flavour of oxolinic acid and was particularly evident in the case of staphylococcus, pseudomonas, ser ... | 1978 | 738079 |
| hazards of disease transfer from marine mammals to land mammals: review and recent findings. | in a 5-year study (1972-1977) of microbial agents isolated from both clinically normal and diseased marine mammals, it was shown that certain disease agents are widespread in a diversity of ocean populations and that some are also transmissible to a number of terrestrial mammal species. leptospira interrogans serovar pomona has been isolated repeatedly from 2 species of pinnipeds (zalophus californianus califonianus and callorhinus ursinus). some of the more important bacterial pathogens for lan ... | 1978 | 738931 |
| [klebsiellae isolated from patients and healthy subjects. iii. biochemical types of klebsiellae]. | by the difference in fermentation of glucose, lactose, saccharose, inosite, adonite, behaviour in imvic tests, relation to urine and hydrogen sulfide formation there were revealed 10 biochemical types among 120 strains of klebsiellae. klebsiellae of biotypes 1 and 2 were the most frequently isolated from the patients; biotypes 3--10 were less frequent. klebsiella of biotypes 1 and 2 were revealed in healthy persons; biotypes 3--10 were never found. biochemical reactions on whose basis klebsiella ... | 1978 | 742269 |
| comparison of bacteriophage typing, serotyping, and biotyping as aids in epidemiological surveillance of klebsiella infections. | bacteriophage typing was used to subdivide klebsiella obtained from patients in a surgical intensive care unit during a 2-year period. the 15 phages employed to type the strains were propagated by a soft-agar layer technique. in all, 23 phage types were found among the 120 clinical strains. the phage types of repeat isolates were reproducible. only 70% of the strains tested were phage typable, but when used in conjunction with capsular serotyping and biotyping, a much greater subdivision of the ... | 1978 | 744797 |
| [study on causative agents in recent septicemia (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 745299 |
| [isolation of bacteria of the klebsiella genus in diarrhea in polar researchers]. | representatives of klebsiellae tribe (k. pneumoniae, ent. cloacae, ent, aerogenes) were isolated in examination of pharyngeal discharge and feces of members of the polar expedition suffering from diarrhea and their contacts; the same microbes were revealed in the antarctic lake which served as the source of drinking water. the mentioned bacteria possessed typical cultural and morphological, as well as biochemical properties. k34 serovar was determined in serological identification of kl. pneumon ... | 1978 | 747013 |