| detection and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes in <i>campylobacter</i> spp. isolated from chickens and humans. | campylobacter spp. are common pathogenic bacteria in both veterinary and human medicine. infections caused by campylobacter spp. are usually treated using antibiotics. however, the injudicious use of antibiotics has been proven to spearhead the emergence of antibiotic resistance. the purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in campylobacter spp. isolated from chickens and human clinical cases in south africa. one hundred and sixty one isolates of campylob ... | 2017 | 28582978 |
| dissemination of erm(b) and its associated multidrug-resistance genomic islands in campylobacter from 2013 to 2015. | a total of 1372 campylobacter isolates (1107 campylobacter coli and 265 campylobacter jejuni) were obtained from 3462 samples collected from slaughterhouses and farms in three representative regions of china (shandong, guangdong, and shanghai) over three successive years (2013-2015). of these, 84 (84/1372, 6.1%) were erm(b)-positive, and all 84 positive isolates were identified as c. coli (83 chicken isolates and one swine isolate). the prevalence of erm(b) in campylobacter isolates was compared ... | 2017 | 28532801 |
| prevalence of campylobacter species in wild birds of south korea. | campylobacter species cause human gastrointestinal infections worldwide. they commonly inhabit intestines of avian species including wild birds. they might play a role in the spread of infections to humans and other bird species. the prevalence of campylobacter species in 2164 faecal samples of wild birds (representing 71 species and 28 families) captured across the korean peninsula was evaluated in this study. the overall prevalence was 15.3% (332/2164). bird species belonging to the family cha ... | 2017 | 28503965 |
| novel sampling method for assessing human-pathogen interactions in the natural environment using boot socks and citizen scientists, with application to campylobacter seasonality. | this paper introduces a novel method for sampling pathogens in natural environments. it uses fabric boot socks worn over walkers' shoes to allow the collection of composite samples over large areas. wide-area sampling is better suited to studies focusing on human exposure to pathogens (e.g., recreational walking). this sampling method is implemented using a citizen science approach: groups of three walkers wearing boot socks undertook one of six routes, 40 times over 16 months in the north west ... | 2017 | 28500040 |
| identification and differentiation of campylobacter species by high-resolution melting curve analysis. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the important food-born zoonotic pathogen, also are leading causes of human food borne illnesses worldwide. cadf gene is expressed in all c. jejuni and c. coli strains and mediates cell binding to the cell matrix protein, fibronectin. high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis is emerging as an efficient and robust method for discriminating dna sequence variants. the goal of this study was to apply hrm analysis to identification of c. jejuni and c. col ... | 2017 | 28478199 |
| simultaneous identification of campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari with smartcycler-based multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction. | consumption of campylobacter contaminated food or water is a leading cause of human acute gastroenteritis. campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari account for over 95% of total campylobacter infections. a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) for simultaneous identification of c. jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari was developed for use with the smartcycler ii system. | 2017 | 28440688 |
| the current state of macrolide resistance in campylobacter spp.: trends and impacts of resistance mechanisms. | campylobacter spp., especially campylobacter jejuni and c. coli, are leading bacterial foodborne pathogens worldwide. in the united states, an estimated 0.8 million cases of campylobacteriosis occur annually, mostly involving c. jejuni campylobacteriosis is generally self-limiting, but in severe cases, treatment with antibiotics may be mandated. the increasing incidence of fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter has rendered macrolides such as erythromycin and azithromycin the drugs of choic ... | 2017 | 28411226 |
| emergence of a plasmid-borne multidrug resistance gene cfr(c) in foodborne pathogen campylobacter. | to identify and characterize a novel cfr variant that recently emerged and confers multidrug resistance in campylobacter , a major foodborne pathogen. | 2017 | 28186558 |
| campylobacter fetus impairs barrier function in ht-29/b6 cells through focal tight junction alterations and leaks. | infections by campylobacter species are the most common foodborne zoonotic disease worldwide. campylobacter jejuni and c. coli are isolated most frequently from human stool samples, but severe infections by c. fetus (cf), which can cause gastroenteritis, septicemia, and abortion, are also found. this study aims at the characterization of pathological changes in cf infection using an intestinal epithelial cell model. the cf-induced epithelial barrier defects appeared earlier than those of avian c ... | 2017 | 28662272 |
| methylation-dependent dna discrimination in natural transformation of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, is naturally competent. like many competent organisms, c. jejuni restricts the dna that can be used for transformation to minimize undesirable changes in the chromosome. although c. jejuni can be transformed by c. jejuni-derived dna, it is poorly transformed by the same dna propagated in escherichia coli or produced with pcr. our work indicates that methylation plays an important role in marking dna for transformation. we have i ... | 2017 | 28855338 |
| cleaning and disinfection programs against campylobacter jejuni for broiler chickens: productive performance, microbiological assessment and characterization. | detailed cleaning and disinfection programs aims to reduce infection pressure from microorganisms from one flock to the next. however, studies evaluating the benefits to poultry performance, the sanitary status of the facilities, and the sanitary quality of the meat are rarely found. thus, this study was designed to evaluate 2 cleaning and disinfecting programs regarding their influence on productive performance, elimination of campylobacter, and characterization of campylobacter jejuni strains ... | 2017 | 28854757 |
| campylobacter jejuni vertebral osteomyelitis. | | 2017 | 28845786 |
| evaluation of primitive ground water supplies as a risk factor for the development of major waterborne zoonosis in egyptian children living in rural areas. | endemic waterborne zoonosis frequently occurs in both developed and less developed countries. thus, bio-surveillance of waterborne zoonosis is a "necessity" for the implementation of effective preventive public health measures in egyptian rural areas. the primitive individual water supplies created by the rural agriculture population, primarily from ground water, usually maximize the customers' exposure to impurity pathogens via diffused humans and animal excreta or wastages. the current study a ... | 2017 | 28843417 |
| pet-associated campylobacteriosis: a persisting public health concern. | campylobacter is regarded as a leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis in the united states. we report on a case of laboratory-confirmed campylobacter jejuni infection in the commonwealth of pennsylvania among members of a household living with a laboratory-confirmed but non-speciated campylobacter-infected puppy. we describe an outbreak of likely dog-associated campylobacteriosis, the risk factors, potential routes of exposure and the clinical features in the exposed family members, wh ... | 2017 | 28834267 |
| total synthesis of β-d-ido-heptopyranosides related to capsular polysaccharides of campylobacter jejuni hs:4. | the 6-deoxy-β-d-ido-heptopyranoside related to the capsular polysaccharides of c. jejuni hs:4 is very remarkable, owing to the unique, multifaceted structural features that have been combined into one molecule, which include (1) the rare ido-configuration, (2) the unusual 7-carbon backbone, and (3) the challenging β-(1→2)-cis-anomeric configuration. two distinct strategies toward the total synthesis of this interesting target are reported. the first involved establishment of the β-d-idopyranosyl ... | 2017 | 28809484 |
| the influence of the gut microbiota composition on campylobacter jejuni colonization in chickens. | campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni)-host-interaction may be affected by the host's gut microbiota through competitive exclusion, metabolites or modification of the immune response. to understand this interaction c. jejuni colonization and local immune responses were compared in chickens with different gut microbiota composition. birds were treated with an antibiotic cocktail (at) (experiment 1 and 2) or raised under germ-free (gf) conditions (experiment 3). at 18 days post hatch (dph), they were ei ... | 2017 | 28808158 |
| essential genome of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter species are a leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness worldwide. despite the global efforts to curb them, campylobacter infections have increased continuously in both developed and developing countries. the development of effective strategies to control the infection by this pathogen is warranted. the essential genes of bacteria are the most prominent targets for this purpose. in this study, we used transposon sequencing (tn-seq) of a genome-saturating library of tn5 insertion ... | 2017 | 28806924 |
| transplanted human fecal microbiota enhanced guillain barré syndrome autoantibody responses after campylobacter jejuni infection in c57bl/6 mice. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading antecedent infection to the autoimmune neuropathy guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), which is accompanied by an autoimmune anti-ganglioside antibody attack on peripheral nerves. previously, we showed that contrasting immune responses mediate c. jejuni induced colitis and autoimmunity in interleukin-10 (il-10)-deficient mice, dependent upon the infecting strain. strains from colitis patients elicited t helper 1 (th1)-dependent inflammatory responses while strains f ... | 2017 | 28789710 |
| cftr reduces microtubule-dependent campylobacter jejuni invasion. | campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) is gastroenteritis inducible food-born pathogen. invasion and adhesion process are essential for leading gastroenteritis in c. jejuni infection process. as against bacterial strategy for efficacy invasion and adhesion, mucosal layer play a key role in defense systems, which modulated by several ion channels and transporters mediated water flux on the intestine. cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) play the main role in waterfulux in intestin ... | 2017 | 28784926 |
| animal-related factors associated with moderate-to-severe diarrhea in children younger than five years in western kenya: a matched case-control study. | diarrheal disease remains among the leading causes of global mortality in children younger than 5 years. exposure to domestic animals may be a risk factor for diarrheal disease. the objectives of this study were to identify animal-related exposures associated with cases of moderate-to-severe diarrhea (msd) in children in rural western kenya, and to identify the major zoonotic enteric pathogens present in domestic animals residing in the homesteads of case and control children. | 2017 | 28783751 |
| whole-genome sequencing of campylobacter jejuni isolated from danish routine human stool samples reveals surprising degree of clustering. | outbreaks of campylobacter are traditionally considered to be rare, however rather than being the true nature of the disease, this may reflect our present inability to detect them. the aim of this study was to determine the genetic and epidemiological degree of clustering among campylobacter jejuni isolates from danish patients. | 2017 | 28782648 |
| intrinsic and extrinsic aspects on campylobacter jejuni biofilms. | biofilm represents a way of life that allows greater survival of microorganisms in hostile habitats. campylobacter jejuni is able to form biofilms in vitro and on surfaces at several points in the poultry production chain. genetic determinants related to their formation are expressed differently between strains and external conditions are decisive in this respect. our approach combines phylogenetic analysis and the presence of seven specific genes linked to biofilm formation in association with ... | 2017 | 28769900 |
| lactobacillus fermentum 3872 as a potential tool for combatting campylobacter jejuni infections. | due to the global spread of multidrug resistant pathogenic bacteria, alternative approaches in combating infectious diseases are required. one such approach is the use of probiotics. lactobacillus fermentum 3872 is a promising probiotic bacterium producing a range of antimicrobial compounds, such as hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid. in addition, previous studies involving genome sequencing and analysis of l. fermentum 3872 allowed the identification of a gene encoding a cell surface protein ref ... | 2017 | 28766992 |
| campylobacter jejuni impairs sodium transport and epithelial barrier function via cytokine release in human colon. | campylobacter jejuni is the most prevalent cause of foodborne bacterial enteritis worldwide. patients present with diarrhea and immune responses lead to complications like arthritis and irritable bowel syndrome. although studies exist in animal and cell models, we aimed at a functional and structural characterization of intestinal dysfunction and the involved regulatory mechanisms in human colon. first, in patients' colonic biopsies, sodium malabsorption was identified as an important diarrheal ... | 2017 | 28766554 |
| structures and transport dynamics of a campylobacter jejuni multidrug efflux pump. | resistance-nodulation-cell division efflux pumps are integral membrane proteins that catalyze the export of substrates across cell membranes. within the hydrophobe-amphiphile efflux subfamily, these resistance-nodulation-cell division proteins largely form trimeric efflux pumps. the drug efflux process has been proposed to entail a synchronized motion between subunits of the trimer to advance the transport cycle, leading to the extrusion of drug molecules. here we use x-ray crystallography and s ... | 2017 | 28761097 |
| molecular dynamics simulations of quinolone resistance-associated t86i and p104s mutations in campylobacter jejuni gyra: unraveling structural repercussions. | gyra is a clinically validated therapeutic drug target that catalyzes changes in dna topology by introducing negative supercoils into dna. the broad-spectrum quinolones are hitherto the most potent antibacterial agents targeted toward gyra. increasing resistance to quinolones is accompanied by several mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyra. in the present study, we report a comprehensive picture of the dynamic behavior of wild-type, t86i, and t86i/p104s mutants (mts) of ... | 2017 | 28759328 |
| guillain-barré syndrome complicating dengue fever: two case reports. | guillain-barré syndrome is a rare neurological manifestation associated with dengue infection. more common antecedent infections include campylobacter jejuni and cytomegalovirus infection. here, we report two cases of guillain-barré syndrome complicating dengue infection. | 2017 | 28757747 |
| population structure and attribution of human clinical campylobacter jejuni isolates from central europe to livestock and environmental sources. | campylobacter jejuni is among the most prevalent causes of human bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. domesticated animals and, especially, chicken meat are considered to be the main sources of infections. however, the contribution of surface waters and wildlife in c. jejuni transmission to humans is not well understood. we have evaluated the source attribution potential of a six-gene multiplex pcr (mpcr) method coupled with structure analysis on a set of 410 c. jejuni strains isolated from envi ... | 2017 | 28755449 |
| absence of nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-2 is associated with less distinct disease in campylobacter jejuni infected secondary abiotic il-10 deficient mice. | human campylobacter jejuni-infections are progressively increasing worldwide. despite their high prevalence and socioeconomic impact the underlying mechanisms of pathogen-host-interactions are only incompletely understood. given that the innate immune receptor nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-2 (nod2) is involved in clearance of enteropathogens, we here evaluated its role in murine campylobacteriosis. to address this, we applied nod2-deficient il-10(-/-) (nod2(-/-) il-10(-/-)) mice and il-10(-/ ... | 2017 | 28752081 |
| complete genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni atcc 35925. | here, we report the complete genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni atcc 35925, an avian isolate from sweden. the genome gives insight into the atcc 35925 strain's remarkable ability to tolerate copper and its permissiveness to plasmid transformation. | 2017 | 28751407 |
| acute pancreatitis caused by campylobacter jejuni in a child with cystic fibrosis. | | 2017 | 28751082 |
| in vitro characteristics of lactobacillus spp. strains isolated from the chicken digestive tract and their role in the inhibition of campylobacter colonization. | campylobacter jejuni/coli infections are the leading cause of bacterial diarrheal illnesses in humans. many epidemiological studies indicate that improperly prepared meat from chickens that carry a high load of campylobacter in their intestinal tracts is the key source of human infections. lab, mainly members of the lactococcus and lactobacillus genera, increasingly have been tested as vehicles for the delivery of heterologous bacterial or viral antigens to animal mucosal immune systems. thus, t ... | 2017 | 28736979 |
| a genome-wide association study to identify diagnostic markers for human pathogenic campylobacter jejuni strains. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading human enteric pathogen worldwide and despite an improved understanding of its biology, ecology, and epidemiology, limited tools exist for identifying strains that are likely to cause disease. in the current study, we used subtyping data in a database representing over 24,000 isolates collected through various surveillance projects in canada to identify 166 representative genomes from prevalent c. jejuni subtypes for whole genome sequencing. the sequence data was ... | 2017 | 28713351 |
| grape pomace improves performance, antioxidant status, fecal microbiota and meat quality of piglets. | in the present study, grape pomace (gp) was used as feed additive in the diet of weaned piglets in order to develop innovative feedstuffs and to investigate their potential beneficial effects on welfare, productivity and meat quality. for examining the antioxidant capacity of the experimental feeds, 24 piglets of 20 days old were assigned to two experimental groups receiving standard or experimental diet for 30 days. blood and tissues collections were performed at four different time-points, 2, ... | 2017 | 28712376 |
| the molecular mechanisms of ciprofloxacin resistance in clinical campylobacter jejuni and their genotyping characteristics in beijing, china. | we assessed the susceptibility of 182 campylobacter jejuni isolates from patients with diarrhea to eight antibiotics and analyzed the molecular mechanisms of ciprofloxacin resistance as well as the genetic characteristics based on multilocus sequence typing (mlst). the c257t mutation was found on the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of the gyra gene in all ciprofloxacin-resistant strains. mutations on the qrdr of the gyrb gene were silent. a total of 74 strains had 7 inverted repea ... | 2017 | 28696791 |
| from the gut to the heart: campylobacter jejuni enteritis leading to myopericarditis. | campylobacter jejuni enteritis is the most common enteric infection in the developed world. although rare, pericarditis and myopericarditis have been increasingly documented as complications following campylobacteriosis. the present paper implicates that myopericarditis and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy following campylobacter jejuni infection might be more prevalent than initially thought and perhaps underreported so far. therefore, it is imperative to perform the appropriate initial diagnostic t ... | 2017 | 28690959 |
| small intestinal pro-inflammatory immune responses following campylobacter jejuni infection of secondary abiotic il-10(-/-) mice lacking nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-2. | host immune responses are crucial for combating enteropathogenic infections including campylobacter jejuni. within 1 week following peroral c. jejuni infection, secondary abiotic il-10(-/-) mice develop severe immunopathological sequelae affecting the colon (ulcerative enterocolitis). in the present study, we addressed whether pathogen-induced pro-inflammatory immune responses could also be observed in the small intestines dependent on the innate receptor nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-protei ... | 2017 | 28690881 |
| β-resorcylic acid, a phytophenolic compound, reduces campylobacter jejuni in postharvest poultry. | human campylobacter infections, a leading foodborne illness globally, has been linked with the high prevalence of this bacterium on raw retail chicken products. reduction of campylobacter counts on poultry products would greatly reduce the risk of subsequent infections in humans. to this end, this study investigated the potential of the phytophenolic compound β-resorcylic acid (br) to reduce campylobacter counts on postharvest poultry (chicken skin or meat). four trials in total, two each on thi ... | 2017 | 28686495 |
| role of eptc in biofilm formation by campylobacter jejuni nctc11168 on polystyrene and glass surfaces. | the complex roles of cell surface modification in the biofilm formation of campylobacter jejuni, a major cause of worldwide foodborne diarrheal disease, are poorly understood. in a screen of mutants from random transposon mutagenesis, an insertional mutation in eptc gene (cj0256) resulted in a significant decrease in c. jejuni nctc11168 biofilm formation (<20%) on major food contact surfaces, such as polystyrene and borosilicate glass, compared with wild-type cells (p < 0.05). in c. jejuni strai ... | 2017 | 28683522 |
| speciation trajectories in recombining bacterial species. | it is generally agreed that bacterial diversity can be classified into genetically and ecologically cohesive units, but what produces such variation is a topic of intensive research. recombination may maintain coherent species of frequently recombining bacteria, but the emergence of distinct clusters within a recombining species, and the impact of habitat structure in this process are not well described, limiting our understanding of how new species are created. here we present a model of bacter ... | 2017 | 28671999 |
| importance of campylobacter jejuni flis and fliw in flagella biogenesis and flagellin secretion. | flagella-driven motility enables bacteria to reach their favorable niche within the host. the human foodborne pathogen campylobacter jejuni produces two heavily glycosylated structural flagellins (flaa and flab) that form the flagellar filament. it also encodes the non-structural flac flagellin which is secreted through the flagellum and has been implicated in host cell invasion. the mechanisms that regulate c. jejuni flagellin biogenesis and guide the proteins to the export apparatus are differ ... | 2017 | 28659885 |
| effects of dry whey powder and calcium butyrate supplementation of corn/soybean-based diets on productive performance, duodenal histological integrity, and campylobacter colonization in broilers. | campylobacter is the main cause of gastroenteritis in humans in industrialized countries, and poultry is its principal reservoir and source of human infections. dietary supplementation of broiler feed with additives could improve productive performance and elicit health benefits that might reduce campylobacter contamination during primary production. the aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary supplementation with whey (a prebiotic) and calcium butyrate (a salt of a short-chain fat ... | 2017 | 28651615 |
| discovery of a glutamine kinase required for the biosynthesis of the o-methyl phosphoramidate modifications found in the capsular polysaccharides of campylobacter jejuni. | bacterial capsular polysaccharides (cps) are complex carbohydrate structures that play a role in the overall fitness of the organism. campylobacter jejuni, known for being a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, produces a cps with a unique o-methyl phosphoramidate (meopn) modification on specific sugar residues. the formation of p-n bonds in nature is relatively rare, and the pathway for the assembly of the phosphoramidate moiety in the cps of c. jejuni is unknown. in this investi ... | 2017 | 28650156 |
| hydroxylamine-induced oxidation of ferrous carbonylated truncated hemoglobins from mycobacterium tuberculosis and campylobacter jejuni is limited by carbon monoxide dissociation. | hydroxylamine (ha) is an oxidant of ferrous globins and its action has been reported to be inhibited by co, even though this mechanism has not been clarified. here, kinetics of the ha-mediated oxidation of ferrous carbonylated mycobacterium tuberculosis truncated hemoglobin n and o (mt-trhbn(ii)-co and mt-trhbo(ii)-co, respectively) and campylobacter jejuni truncated hemoglobin p (cj-trhbp(ii)-co), at ph 7.2 and 20.0 °c, are reported. mixing mt-trhbn(ii)-co, mt-trhbo(ii)-co, and cj-trhbp(ii)-co ... | 2017 | 28646425 |
| cytolethal distending toxin enhances radiosensitivity in prostate cancer cells by regulating autophagy. | cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) produced by campylobacter jejuni contains three subunits: cdta, cdtb, and cdtc. among these three toxin subunits, cdtb is the toxic moiety of cdt with dnase i activity, resulting in dna double-strand breaks (dsb) and, consequently, cell cycle arrest at the g2/m stage and apoptosis. radiation therapy is an effective modality for the treatment of localized prostate cancer (pca). however, patients often develop radioresistance. owing to its particular biochemical p ... | 2017 | 28642840 |
| recurrent campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in a patient with hypogammaglobulinemia: a case report. | although some cases of recurrent bacteremia due to campylobacter jejuni have been reported in immunocompromised patients, antibiotic treatment strategies to eradicate c. jejuni and prevent recurrent infections in immunocompromised patients have not been established. authors' experience of such rare cases should be shared for improving patients' outcomes. | 2017 | 28640123 |
| campylobacter jejuni myocarditis: a journey from the gut to the heart. | campylobacter jejuni is an unusual cause of myocarditis and could easily be missed. | 2017 | 28634541 |
| draft genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni cam970 and c. coli cam962, associated with a large outbreak of foodborne illness in fukuoka, japan, in 2016. | here, we report the draft genome sequences of campylobacter jejuni cam970 and c. coli cam962, which were associated with a large outbreak of foodborne illness originating from undercooked chicken sushi in fukuoka, japan, in may 2016. their genome sizes were 1,690,901 and 1,704,736 bp, with 22 and 23 rrnas, 9 and 9 trnas, and 411× and 419× coverage for c. jejuni cam970 and c. coli cam962, respectively. | 2017 | 28619796 |
| isolation and characterization of a non-specific lipid transfer protein from chelidonium majus l. latex. | plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps) are small basic proteins, which mostly play a role in intracellular lipid transport and antimicrobial defense. recently it was shown using shotgun proteomic approach that the whole plant extract of chelidonium majus l. (papaveraceae) contains relatively abundant nsltps. therefore the aim of the work was to isolate and characterize nsltp from c. majus latex. results obtained using pcr approach with degenerate primers showed the presence of nsltp ... | 2017 | 28619636 |
| mlst genotypes of campylobacter jejuni isolated from broiler products, dairy cattle and human campylobacteriosis cases in lithuania. | campylobacter (c.) jejuni is the leading cause of human campylobacteriosis worldwide. we performed a molecular epidemiological study to investigate the genetic relationship among c. jejuni strains isolated from human diarrhoeal patients, broiler products and dairy cattle in lithuania. | 2017 | 28619013 |
| differential survival of hyper-aerotolerant campylobacter jejuni under different gas conditions. | campylobacter jejuni accounts for a significant number of foodborne illnesses around the world. c. jejuni is microaerophilic and typically does not survive efficiently in oxygen-rich conditions. we recently reported that hyper-aerotolerant (hat) c. jejuni are highly prevalent in retail poultry meat. to assess the capabilities of hat c. jejuni in foodborne transmission and infection, in this study, we investigated the prevalence of virulence genes in hat c. jejuni and the survival in poultry meat ... | 2017 | 28611753 |
| rnaseq reveals complex response of campylobacter jejuni to ovine bile and in vivo gallbladder environment. | colonization of the gallbladder by enteric pathogens such as salmonella typhi, listeria monocytogenes, and campylobacter jejuni is thought to play a key role in transmission and persistence of these important zoonotic agents; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that allow for bacterial survival within this harsh environment. recently, a highly virulent c. jejuni sheep abortion (sa) clone represented by the clinical isolate ia3902 has emerged as the dominant cause for sheep ab ... | 2017 | 28611744 |
| campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in a liver cirrhosis patient and review of literature: a case study. | campylobacter infection causes gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain or diarrhea. occasionally, campylobacter bacteremia affects immunocompromised patients; however, serious outcomes are known to be rare. here, we present a case of a patient with campylobacter bacteremia who had underlying liver cirrhosis. the patient had fever and diarrhea. these symptoms subsided after treatment with cefotaxime. campylobacter jejuni was isolated in the blood culture after 10 days. in addition, previ ... | 2017 | 28608661 |
| phage exposure causes dynamic shifts in the expression states of specific phase-variable genes of campylobacter jejuni. | phase variation (pv) creates phenotypic heterogeneity at high frequencies and in a reversible manner. this phenomenon allows bacteria to adapt to a variety of different environments and selective pressures. in campylobacterjejuni this reversible adaptive process is mediated by mutations in homopolymeric g/c tracts. many c. jejuni-specific phages are dependent on phase-variable surface structures for successful infection. we previously identified the capsular polysaccharide (cps) moiety, meopn-ga ... | 2017 | 28597819 |
| towards diagnostic metagenomics of campylobacter in fecal samples. | the development of diagnostic metagenomics is driven by the need for universal, culture-independent methods for detection and characterization of pathogens to substitute the time-consuming, organism-specific, and often culture-based laboratory procedures for epidemiological source-tracing. some of the challenges in diagnostic metagenomics are, that it requires a great next-generation sequencing depth and unautomated data analysis. | 2017 | 28595575 |
| immune responses upon campylobacter jejuni infection of secondary abiotic mice lacking nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-2. | campylobacter jejuni infections are of rising importance worldwide. given that innate immune receptors including nucleotide-oligomerization-domain-2 (nod2) are essentially involved in combating enteropathogenic infections, we here surveyed the impact of nod2 in murine campylobacteriosis. | 2017 | 28592996 |
| generation of the membrane potential and its impact on the motility, atp production and growth in campylobacter jejuni. | the generation of a membrane potential (δψ), the major constituent of the proton motive force (pmf), is crucial for atp synthesis, transport of nutrients and flagellar rotation. campylobacter jejuni harbors a branched electron transport chain, enabling respiration with different electron donors and acceptors. here, we demonstrate that a relatively high δψ is only generated in the presence of either formate as electron donor or oxygen as electron acceptor, in combination with an acceptor/donor re ... | 2017 | 28586527 |
| confirmed identification and toxin profiling of campylobacter jejuni using a thermostabilized multiplex pcr formulation. | cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) producing campylobacter jejuni species are one of the leading causes of human gastroenteritis worldwide. the main intent of the study was to develop a multiplex pcr assay for the confirmed identification and toxin profiling of c. jejuni. the genes targeted were rpo b as genus specific, hip o for species; cdt a, cdt b, cdt c encoding respective subunit proteins of cdt with internal amplification control (iac). to enhance its application as a pre-mixed ready-to-us ... | 2017 | 28574617 |
| pathogen-induced ubiquitin-editing enzyme a20 bifunctionally shuts off nf-κb and caspase-8-dependent apoptotic cell death. | the human pathogen helicobacter pylori infects more than half of the world's population and is a paradigm for persistent yet asymptomatic infection but increases the risk for chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma. for successful colonization, h. pylori needs to subvert the host cell death response, which serves to confine pathogen infection by killing infected cells and preventing malignant transformation. infection of gastric epithelial cells by h. pylori provokes direct and fast activat ... | 2017 | 28574503 |
| profiling of campylobacter jejuni proteome in exponential and stationary phase of growth. | campylobacter jejuni has been reported as a major cause of bacterial food-borne enteritides in developed countries during the last decade. despite its fastidious growth requirements, including low level of oxygen and high level of co2, this pathogen is able to persist in the environment without permanent loss of its viability and virulence. as c. jejuni is not able to multiply outside a host, the cells spend significant amount of time in stationary phase of growth. the entry into the stationary ... | 2017 | 28572800 |
| the effect of microbial challenge on the intestinal proteome of broiler chickens. | in poultry production intestinal health and function is paramount to achieving efficient feed utilisation and growth. uncovering the localised molecular mechanisms that occur during the early and important periods of growth that allow birds to grow optimally is important for this species. the exposure of young chicks to used litter from older flocks, containing mixed microbial populations, is a widely utilised model in poultry research. it rarely causes mortality but effects an immunogenic stimu ... | 2016 | 28572745 |
| sourcer: classification and source attribution of infectious agents among heterogeneous populations. | zoonotic diseases are a major cause of morbidity, and productivity losses in both human and animal populations. identifying the source of food-borne zoonoses (e.g. an animal reservoir or food product) is crucial for the identification and prioritisation of food safety interventions. for many zoonotic diseases it is difficult to attribute human cases to sources of infection because there is little epidemiological information on the cases. however, microbial strain typing allows zoonotic pathogens ... | 2017 | 28558033 |
| whole-genome sequence of the bacteriophage-sensitive strain campylobacter jejuni nctc12662. | campylobacter jejuni nctc12662 has been the choice bacteriophage isolation strain due to its susceptibility to c. jejuni bacteriophages. this trait makes it a good candidate for studying bacteriophage-host interactions. we report here the whole-genome sequence of nctc12662, allowing future elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of phage-host interactions in c. jejuni. | 2017 | 28546493 |
| metabolic and fitness determinants for in vitro growth and intestinal colonization of the bacterial pathogen campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading infectious causes of food-borne illness around the world. its ability to persistently colonize the intestinal tract of a broad range of hosts, including food-producing animals, is central to its epidemiology since most infections are due to the consumption of contaminated food products. using a highly saturated transposon insertion library combined with next-generation sequencing and a mouse model of infection, we have carried out a comprehensive genome ... | 2017 | 28542173 |
| comparing the genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance profiles of campylobacter jejuni recovered from cattle and humans. | campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of gastroenteritis in humans, is a foodborne pathogen that can reside in chickens, pigs, and cattle. because resistance to fluoroquinolones and macrolides, which are commonly used to treat human infections, has emerged in c. jejuni, it is imperative to continously monitor resistance patterns and examine the genetic variation in strains from human infections and animal reservoirs. our previous study of c. jejuni from human campylobacteriosis cases showed a si ... | 2017 | 28536568 |
| association of anti-gangliosides antibodies and anti-cmv antibodies in guillain-barré syndrome. | numerous types of infection were closely related to gbs, mainly including campylobacter jejuni, cytomegalovirus, which may lead to the production of anti-gangliosides antibodies (aga). currently, although there are increased studies on the aga and a few studies of anti-cmv antibodies in gbs, the association between them remains poorly documented. therefore, our research aims to analyze the correlation of anti-cmv antibodies and aga in gbs. | 2017 | 28523231 |
| lactobacillus johnsonii ameliorates intestinal, extra-intestinal and systemic pro-inflammatory immune responses following murine campylobacter jejuni infection. | campylobacter jejuni infections are progressively increasing worldwide. probiotic treatment might open novel therapeutic or even prophylactic approaches to combat campylobacteriosis. in the present study secondary abiotic mice were generated by broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment and perorally reassociated with a commensal murine lactobacillus johnsonii strain either 14 days before (i.e. prophylactic regimen) or 7 days after (i.e. therapeutic regimen) peroral c. jejuni strain 81-176 infection. f ... | 2017 | 28522817 |
| immunoprevalence to six waterborne pathogens in beachgoers at boquerón beach, puerto rico: application of a microsphere-based salivary antibody multiplex immunoassay. | waterborne infectious diseases are a major public health concern worldwide. few methods have been established that are capable of measuring human exposure to multiple waterborne pathogens simultaneously using non-invasive samples such as saliva. most current methods measure exposure to only one pathogen at a time, require large volumes of individual samples collected using invasive procedures, and are very labor intensive. in this article, we applied a multiplex bead-based immunoassay capable of ... | 2017 | 28507984 |
| prevalence and characterization of campylobacter jejuni isolated from retail chicken in tianjin, china. | campylobacter jejuni is an important foodborne pathogen worldwide; however, there is a lack of information on the prevalence and antibiotic-resistant profile of c. jejuni in the people's republic of china. we determined the prevalence and characteristics of c. jejuni on the retail level in tianjin, one of the five national central cities in china. a total of 227 samples of chicken wings, legs, and breasts were collected from supermarkets and wet markets; 42 of these samples were confirmed to be ... | 2017 | 28504616 |
| identification of potential campylobacter jejuni genes involved in biofilm formation by ez-tn5 transposome mutagenesis. | biofilm formation has been suggested to play a role in the survival of campylobacter jejuni in the environment and contribute to the high incidence of human campylobacteriosis. molecular studies of biofilm formation by campylobacter are sparse. | 2017 | 28499399 |
| comparative proteomics reveals differences in host-pathogen interaction between infectious and commensal relationship with campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading food-borne poisoning in industrialized countries. while the bacteria causes disease in humans, it merely colonizes the gut in poultry or pigs, where seems to establish a commensal relationship. until now, few studies have been conducted to elucidate the relationship between c. jejuni and its different hosts. in this work, a comparative proteomics approach was used to identify the underlying mechanisms involved in the divergent outcome following c. jejuni infec ... | 2017 | 28491823 |
| cj0440c affects flagella formation and in vivo colonization of erythromycin-susceptible and -resistant campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common foodborne pathogen worldwide. a putative transcriptional regulator, cj0440c, was up-regulated in the erythromycin-resistant c. jejuni, however, the precise role of cj0440c is yet to be determined. the aim of this study was to determine the biological functions of cj0440c. the cj0440c isogenic mutants were constructed from erythromycin-susceptible c. jejuni nctc 11168 (s) and -resistant c. jejuni 68-er (r), designating as sm and rm, respectively. the ... | 2017 | 28487689 |
| trans-cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and eugenol reduce campylobacter jejuni colonization factors and expression of virulence genes in vitro. | campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen that causes severe gastroenteritis in humans characterized by fever, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. in the human gut, campylobacter adheres and invades the intestinal epithelium followed by cytolethal distending toxin mediated cell death, and enteritis. reducing the attachment and invasion of campylobacter to intestinal epithelium and expression of its virulence factors such as motility and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) production could pot ... | 2017 | 28487683 |
| microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids modulate expression of campylobacter jejuni determinants required for commensalism and virulence. | campylobacter jejuni promotes commensalism in the intestinal tracts of avian hosts and diarrheal disease in humans, yet components of intestinal environments recognized as spatial cues specific for different intestinal regions by the bacterium to initiate interactions in either host are mostly unknown. by analyzing a c. jejuni acetogenesis mutant defective in converting acetyl coenzyme a (ac-coa) to acetate and commensal colonization of young chicks, we discovered evidence for in vivo microbiota ... | 2017 | 28487428 |
| epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant campylobacter spp. isolated from retail meats in canada. | campylobacter is an important zoonotic pathogen found in livestock and can cause illness in humans following consumption of raw and undercooked meat products. the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in retail meat (poultry, turkey, pork and beef) purchased in alberta, canada and to assess antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness of recovered campylobacter strains with previously isolated strains from clinical and environmental sources. a compar ... | 2017 | 28477522 |
| causality assessment of serious neurologic adverse events following bopv national vaccination campaign in israel. | during 2013-2014 israel experienced a continuous circulation of wild poliovirus type 1 (wpv1) but with no clinical cases. wpv1 circulation was gradually terminated following a national vaccination campaign of bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bopv) for 943,587 children < 10 years. four cases of children with neurological manifestations that appeared following bopv vaccinations were reported during the campaign: three of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and one of acute disseminated encephalomyeliti ... | 2016 | 28471617 |
| generation of recombinant n-linked glycoproteins in e. coli. | the production of n-linked recombinant glycoproteins is possible in a variety of biotechnology host cells, and more recently in the bacterial workhorse, escherichia coli. this methods chapter will outline the components and procedures needed to produce n-linked glycoproteins in e. coli, utilizing campylobacter jejuni glycosylation machinery, although other related genes can be used with minimal tweaks to this methodology. to ensure a successful outcome, various methods will be highlighted that c ... | 2017 | 28470609 |
| isolation of campylobacter species from stool samples by use of a filtration method: assessment from a united states-based population. | fecal samples submitted to our clinical microbiology laboratory from patients in the philadelphia region were prospectively analyzed for campylobacter species other than c. jejuni and c. coli using a filtration method and microaerobic conditions with increased h2 concentrations. of 225 samples tested, 13 (5.8%) yielded campylobacter species, with frequent isolation of c. concisus the majority of campylobacter species were not clinically significant. additional studies in u.s. populations are war ... | 2017 | 28468859 |
| phase-variable changes in the position of o-methyl phosphoramidate modifications on the polysaccharide capsule of campylobacter jejuni modulate serum resistance. | campylobacter jejuni polysaccharide capsules (cps) are characterized by the presence of nonstoichiometric o-methyl phosphoramidate (meopn) modifications. the lack of stoichiometry is due to phase variation at homopolymeric tracts within the meopn transferase genes. c. jejuni strain 81-176 contains two meopn transferase genes and has been shown previously to contain meopn modifications at the 2 and 6 positions of the galactose (gal) moiety in the cps. we demonstrate here that one of the two meopn ... | 2017 | 28461446 |
| genome-wide fitness analyses of the foodborne pathogen campylobacter jejuni in in vitro and in vivo models. | campylobacter is the most common cause of foodborne bacterial illness worldwide. faecal contamination of meat, especially chicken, during processing represents a key route of transmission to humans. there is a lack of insight into the mechanisms driving c. jejuni growth and survival within hosts and the environment. here, we report a detailed analysis of c. jejuni fitness across models reflecting stages in its life cycle. transposon (tn) gene-inactivation libraries were generated in three c. jej ... | 2017 | 28455506 |
| core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for stable, comparative analyses of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli human disease isolates. | human campylobacteriosis, caused by campylobacter jejuni and c. coli, remains a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in many countries, but the epidemiology of campylobacteriosis outbreaks remains poorly defined, largely due to limitations in the resolution and comparability of isolate characterization methods. whole-genome sequencing (wgs) data enable the improvement of sequence-based typing approaches, such as multilocus sequence typing (mlst), by substantially increasing the number of l ... | 2017 | 28446571 |
| nonspecific effects of oral polio vaccine on diarrheal burden and etiology among bangladeshi infants. | as the global polio eradication initiative prepares to cease use of oral polio vaccine (opv) in 2020, there is increasing interest in understanding if oral vaccination provides non-specific immunity to other infections so that the consequences of this transition can be effectively planned for and mitigated. | 2017 | 28444240 |
| correlation between gyra and cmer box polymorphism and fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter jejuni isolates in china. | sequence analysis of 79 ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni isolates collected in china showed resistance-related sequence variations in gyra and cmer-box. all the isolates contain an identical thr-86-ile substitution in gyra. several novel cmer-box variations, including point substitutions, deletion, and insertion, were identified. the point insertion or deletion led to dramatically reduced binding of cmer to the cmeabc promoter, which significantly increases the expression of cmeabc a ... | 2017 | 28438942 |
| multiple pathogen biomarker detection using an encoded bead array in droplet pcr. | we present a droplet pcr workflow for detection of multiple pathogen dna biomarkers using fluorescent color-coded luminex® beads. this strategy enables encoding of multiple singleplex droplet pcrs using a commercially available bead set of several hundred distinguishable fluorescence codes. this workflow provides scalability beyond the limited number offered by fluorescent detection probes such as taqman probes, commonly used in current multiplex droplet pcrs. the workflow was validated for thre ... | 2017 | 28434824 |
| [campylobacter jejuni o:19 serotype in argentine poultry meat supply chain]. | thermotolerant species of campylobacter have been focus of attention in the last years because they are the major agent causing zoonotic foodborne diseases. in addition, campylobacter jejuni o:19 serotype was associated with guillain barré syndrome. the aim of this study was to determine the proportion of c. jejuni o:19 serotype isolated at different stages of three poultry meat supply chain in santa fe, argentina. the analysis showed that 18% of isolated c. jejuni belong to serotype o:19. it wa ... | 2017 | 28431787 |
| application of β-resorcylic acid as potential antimicrobial feed additive to reduce campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens. | campylobacter is one of the major foodborne pathogens that result in severe gastroenteritis in humans, primarily through consumption of contaminated poultry products. chickens are the reservoir host of campylobacter, where the pathogen colonizes the ceca, thereby leading to contamination of carcass during slaughter. a reduction in cecal colonization by campylobacter would directly translate into reduced product contamination and risk of human infections. with increasing consumer demand for antib ... | 2017 | 28428779 |
| newer insights into the antidiarrheal effects of acacia catechu willd. extract in guinea pig. | acacia catechu willd. is a plant diffused in india and other asian countries, where it is used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments including diarrhea, one of the most common pathologies worldwide. in this study, we determined the chemical composition of acacia catechu willd. extract (ac) and evaluated its effect on spontaneous and induced contractility in isolated guinea pig ileum and proximal colon. preliminary data about its antimicrobial effect against some pathoge ... | 2017 | 28422543 |
| draft genome sequence of multidrug-resistant abortive campylobacter jejuni from northern california. | campylobacter jejuni is an enteric bacterium that can cause abortion in livestock. this is the release of a multidrug-resistant campylobacter jejuni genome from an isolate that caused an abortion in a cow in northern california. this isolate is part of the 100k pathogen genome project. | 2017 | 28408683 |
| accessory genetic content in campylobacter jejuni st21cc isolates from feces and blood. | campylobacter jejuni is an important foodborne pathogen and the most commonly reported bacterial cause of gastroenteritis. c. jejuni is occasionally found in blood, although mechanisms important for invasiveness have remained unclear. c. jejuni is divided into many different lineages, of which the st21 clonal complex (cc) is widely distributed. here, we performed comparative genomic and in vitro analyses on 17c. jejuni st21cc strains derived from human blood and feces in order to identify featur ... | 2017 | 28408091 |
| rv3634c from mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv encodes an enzyme with udp-gal/glc and udp-galnac 4-epimerase activities. | a bioinformatics study revealed that mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv (mtb) contains sequence homologs of campylobacter jejuni protein glycosylation enzymes. the orf rv3634c from mtb was identified as a sequence homolog of c. jejuni udp-gal/galnac 4-epimerase. this study reports the cloning of rv3634c and its expression as an n-terminal his-tagged protein. the recombinant protein was shown to have udp-gal/glc 4-epimerase activity by god-pod assay and by reverse phase hplc. this enzyme was shown ... | 2017 | 28403215 |
| the periplasmic chaperone network of campylobacter jejuni: evidence that salc (cj1289) and ppid (cj0694) are involved in maintaining outer membrane integrity. | the outer membrane (om) of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria is a key structure in host-pathogen interactions that contains a plethora of proteins, performing a range of functions including adhesion, nutrient uptake, export of effectors and interaction with innate and adaptive components of the immune system. in addition, the om can exclude drugs and thus contribute to antimicrobial resistance. the om of the food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni contains porins, adhesins and other virulence f ... | 2017 | 28400767 |
| campylobacter jejuni survival in a poultry processing plant environment. | campylobacteriosis is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. consumption of poultry, especially chicken's meat is considered the most common route for human infection. the aim of this study was to determine if campylobacter spp. might persist in the poultry plant environment before and after cleaning and disinfection procedures and the distribution and their genetic relatedness. during one month from a poultry plant were analyzed a total of 494 samples -defeathering machin ... | 2017 | 28400001 |
| oxidative and nitrosative stress defences of helicobacter and campylobacter species that counteract mammalian immunity. | helicobacter and campylobacter species are gram-negative microaerophilic host-associated heterotrophic bacteria that invade the digestive tract of humans and animals. campylobacter jejuni is the major worldwide cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans, while helicobacter pylori is ubiquitous in over half of the world's population causing gastric and duodenal ulcers. the colonisation of the gastrointestinal system by helicobacter and campylobacter relies on numerous cellular defences to sense ... | 2016 | 28201757 |
| the gene for the s7 ribosomal protein of chlamydia trachomatis: characterization within the chlamydial sfr operon. | the prokaryotic ribosomal operon, str, contains open reading frames for the two elongation factors, elongation factor g (ef-g) and elongation factor tu (ef-tu), and ribosomal proteins 57 and s12. the dna sequence and predicted amino acid sequence for s7 from chlamydia trachomatis are presented and compared with homologues from other prokaryotes. also, the relationship of the s7 gene to the open reading frames for ribosomal protein s12 and ef-g is described. significant amino acid homology is als ... | 1992 | 28776799 |