| a descriptive review of selected nonviral enteric illnesses reported in children in quebec between 1999 and 2006. | to review the epidemiology of selected nonviral enteric illnesses reported in children in quebec between 1999 and 2006. | 2010 | 21629612 |
| investigating antibacterial mechanisms of garlic (allium sativum) concentrate and garlic-derived organosulfur compounds on campylobacter jejuni using ft-ir spectroscopy, raman spectroscopy and electron microscope. | fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy and raman spectroscopy were used to study the cell injury and inactivation of campylobacter jejuni from exposure to antioxidants from garlic. c. jejuni was treated with various concentration of garlic concentrate and garlic derived organosulfur compounds in growth media and saline at 4, 22 and 35°c. antimicrobial activity of the diallyl sulfides increased with the number of sulfur atoms (diallyl sulfide < diallyl disulfide < diallyl trisulfide). ft ... | 2011 | 21642409 |
| the campylobacter jejuni transcriptional regulator cj1556 plays a role in the oxidative and aerobic (o2) stress response and is important for bacterial survival in vivo. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. despite stringent microaerobic growth requirements, c. jejuni is ubiquitous in the aerobic environment, so must possess regulatory systems to sense and adapt to external stimuli such as oxidative and aerobic (o(2)) stress. re-annotation of the c. jejuni nctc11168 genome sequence identified cj1556 (originally annotated as a hypothetical protein) as a marr family transcriptional regulator and further analysis i ... | 2011 | 21642451 |
| tubal factor infertility is associated with antibodies against chlamydia trachomatis heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) but not human hsp60. | background serum antibodies against major outer membrane protein (momp) and heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) from chlamydia trachomatis are correlated with sequelae following infection. since bacterial and human hsp60 share considerable sequence homology, cross-reactivity to human hsp60 is suggested as being involved in tubal factor infertility (tfi). the aim was to investigate whether antibodies to human hsp60 are associated with tfi, and to evaluate antibody testing in tfi diagnosis. methods seru ... | 2011 | 21642639 |
| evaluation of iso 10272:2006 standard versus alternative enrichment and plating combinations for enumeration and detection of campylobacter in chicken meat. | in the present study, we evaluate the recommended iso 10272:2006 versus alternative procedures for campylobacter enumeration and enrichment in naturally contaminated chicken meat samples (n = 49). three enrichment media were evaluated; bolton broth, preston broth and campyfood broth(®) (biomérieux sa, marcy l'etoile, france). in addition, three selective plating agars were compared; modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar (mccda), campyfood agar(®) (cfa; biomérieux sa) and brilliance ca ... | 2011 | 21645809 |
| outbreak of campylobacteriosis associated with consumption of raw peas. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, and most cases are identified as sporadic events rather than as parts of recognized outbreaks. we report findings from a substantial 2008 campylobacteriosis outbreak with general implications for fresh produce safety. | 2011 | 21653299 |
| vital signs: incidence and trends of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food--foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 10 u.s. sites, 1996-2010. | in the united states, contaminated food causes approximately 1,000 reported disease outbreaks and an estimated 48 million illnesses, 128,000 | 2011 | 21659984 |
| serological survey of toxoplasma gondii and campylobacter fetus fetus in sheep from new zealand. | to determine the prevalence of antibody titres to toxoplasma gondii and campylobacter fetus fetus in sheep from new zealand. | 2011 | 21660843 |
| climate changes, environment and infection: facts, scenarios and growing awareness from the public health community within europe. | climate change is a current global concern and, despite continuing controversy about the extent and importance of causes and of its effects, it seems likely that it will affect the incidence and prevalence of both residual and imported infections in europe. climate affects mainly the range of infectious diseases, whereas weather affects the timing and intensity of outbreaks. climate change scenarios include a change distribution of infectious diseases with warming and changes in outbreaks associ ... | 2011 | 21664978 |
| molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates of poultry, swine, and cattle origin collected from slaughterhouses in hungary. | campylobacter spp. are the most common cause of bacterial enteritis in hungary, and the aim of this study was to identify the distribution, genotypes, and antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter species in the most important food-producing animals at the time of slaughter during 2008 and 2009. of 1,110 samples, 266 were identified as campylobacter coli (23.9%) and 143 as c. jejuni (12.9%) by real-time pcr. resistance to enrofloxacin-ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid was significant, especia ... | 2011 | 21669066 |
| occurrence of campylobacter spp. in poultry and poultry products for sale on the polish retail market. | in 2007 and 2008, a monitoring study was carried out in poland to examine the occurrence of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. in raw and cooked chicken products available on the retail market. a total of 912 samples were tested: 443 samples of raw chicken meat, 146 samples of giblets, and 323 ready-to-eat poultry products (150 samples of spit-roasted chicken, 56 samples of smoked chicken, and 117 samples of p├ót├® and cold meats). a high level of contamination of raw chicken meat (51.7% of sampl ... | 2011 | 21669077 |
| deaths associated with bacterial pathogens transmitted commonly through food: foodborne diseases active surveillance network (foodnet), 1996-2005. | foodborne diseases are typically mild and self-limiting but can cause severe illness and death. we describe the epidemiology of deaths associated with bacterial pathogens using data from the foodborne diseases active surveillance network (foodnet) in the united states. | 2011 | 21673037 |
| exposure assessment and process sensitivity analysis of the contamination of campylobacter in poultry products. | studies were conducted in a thai poultry plant to identify the factors that affected numbers of campylobacter jejuni in chicken carcasses. the concentrations of campylobacter were determined using the simplate most probable number and modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate plating methods. results indicated that the mean concentrations of c. jejuni in carcasses after scalding, plucking, and chilling were 2.93 ┬▒ 0.31, 2.98 ┬▒ 0.38, 2.88 ┬▒ 0.31, and 0.85 ┬▒ 0.95 log cfu, whereas the concent ... | 2011 | 21673173 |
| a simplified and cost-effective enrichment protocol for the isolation of campylobacter spp. from retail broiler meat without microaerobic incubation. | abstract: background: to simplify the methodology for the isolation of campylobacter spp. from retail broiler meat, we evaluated 108 samples (breasts and thighs) using an unpaired sample design. the enrichment broths were incubated under aerobic conditions (subsamples a) and for comparison under microaerobic conditions (subsamples m) as recommended by current reference protocols. sensors were used to measure the dissolved oxygen (do) in the broth and the percentage of oxygen (o2) in the head spa ... | 2011 | 21812946 |
| exploiting topological constraints to reveal buried sequence motifs in the membrane-bound n-linked oligosaccharyl transferases. | the central enzyme in n-linked glycosylation is the oligosaccharyl transferase (otase), which catalyzes glycan transfer from a polyprenyldiphosphate-linked carrier to select asparagines within acceptor proteins. pglb from campylobacter jejuni is a single-subunit otase with homology to the stt3 subunit of the complex multimeric yeast otase. sequence identity between pglb and stt3 is low (17.9%); however, both have a similar predicted architecture and contain the conserved wwdxg motif. to investig ... | 2011 | 21812456 |
| regulation of oxidative stress response by cosr, an essential response regulator in campylobacter jejuni. | cosr (campylobacteroxidative stress regulator; cj0355c) is an ompr-type response regulator essential for the viability of campylobacter jejuni, a leading foodborne pathogen causing human gastroenteritis worldwide. despite importance, the function of cosr remains completely unknown mainly because of cell death caused by its knockout mutation. to overcome this technical limitation, in this study, antisense technology was used to investigate the regulatory function of cosr by modulating the level o ... | 2011 | 21811584 |
| physical, chemical and microbiological quality of ice used to cool drinks and foods in greece and its public health implications. | ice used for direct human consumption or to preserve foods and cool down drinks can be contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms and may potentially become a vehicle for consumer's infection. to evaluate physical, chemical and microbiological quality of commercial ice and ice used for fish and seafood, 100 ice samples collected at 10 different retail points in the region of epirus were studied. the following microbiological parameters were determined: total coliforms, fecal coliforms, salmonel ... | 2011 | 21802520 |
| campylobacter from sows in farrow-to-finish pig farms: risk indicators and genetic diversity. | sows have been identified as a source of campylobacter contamination in piglets. we carried out a one-year study, in 2008, at 53 farrow-to-finish farms in brittany, france, to determine the proportion of sows excreting campylobacter. we also determined the genotypes of the campylobacter isolates. moreover, generalized estimating equations including repeated effects were used to assess the association between management practices and farm characteristics, and risk of campylobacter shedding by sow ... | 2011 | 21802224 |
| use of pyrosequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to examine the effects of probiotics and essential oil blends on digestive microflora in broilers under mixed eimeria infection. | abstract a protective digestive microflora helps prevent and reduce broiler infection and colonization by enteropathogens. in the current experiment, broilers fed diets supplemented with probiotics and essential oil (eo) blends were infected with a standard mixed eimeria spp. to determine effects of performance enhancers on ileal and cecal microbial communities (mcs). eight treatment groups included four controls (uninfected-unmedicated [uu], unmedicated-infected, the antibiotic bmd plus the ion ... | 2011 | 21793655 |
| chepep controls helicobacter pylori infection of the gastric glands and chemotaxis in the epsilonproteobacteria. | abstract microbes use directed motility to colonize harsh and dynamic environments. we discovered that helicobacter pylori strains establish bacterial colonies deep in the gastric glands and identified a novel protein, chepep, necessary to colonize this niche. chepep is preferentially localized to the flagellar pole. although mutants lacking chepep have normal flagellar ultrastructure and are motile, they have a slight defect in swarming ability. by tracking the movement of single bacteria, we f ... | 2011 | 21791582 |
| factors associated with carcass contamination by campylobacter at slaughterhouse in cecal-carrier broilers. | a study was conducted in 2009 to identify risk factors of campylobacter spp. transmission from the digestive tract to the carcasses of standard broilers (slaughter age: 37day, carcass weight: 1.3kg on average). counts of campylobacter were performed on pools of 10 ceca and 10 neck-skins from 108 campylobacter ceca-positive batches in three slaughterhouses. technical and health data also was collected on the broilers: age, size, carcass weight (mean and standard deviation), condemnation rate, mor ... | 2011 | 21788093 |
| campylobacter jejuni dsb gene expression is regulated by iron in a fur-dependent manner and by a translational coupling mechanism. | abstract: background: many bacterial extracytoplasmic proteins are stabilized by intramolecular disulfide bridges that are formed post-translationally between their cysteine residues. this protein modification plays an important role in bacterial pathogenesis, and is facilitated by the dsb (disulfide bond) family of the redox proteins. these proteins function in two parallel pathways in the periplasmic space: an oxidation pathway and an isomerization pathway. the dsb oxidative pathway in campylo ... | 2011 | 21787430 |
| temporal variation and host association in the campylobacter population in a longitudinal ruminant farm study. | campylobacter jejuni and c. coli was quantified and typed using multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) from fecal samples collected from a mixed cattle and sheep farm during summer. cattle had a significantly higher prevalence than sheep (21.9 % (74/338) and 14.0 % (30/214), respectively) but both reduced over time. there were no differences in the average campylobacter concentrations shed between cattle (600 cfu g(-1)) and sheep (820 cfu g(-1)), although sheep did show a significant temporal reduct ... | 2011 | 21784915 |
| persistent environmental reservoirs on farms as risk factors for campylobacter in commercial poultry. | summarycampylobacter is the most common known source of human bacterial enteritis in the developed world and poultry is considered the main source. broilers often become colonized with campylobacter during rearing, and then contaminate the farm environment. the objective of this study was to identify campylobacter-positive environmental reservoirs on farms, as these pose a risk to broiler flocks becoming colonized with campylobacter. we considered the temporal aspects of exposure and colonizatio ... | 2011 | 21781366 |
| swimmer risk of gastrointestinal illness from exposure to tropical coastal waters impacted by terrestrial dry-weather runoff. | this study used molecular methods to measure concentrations of four enteric viruses (adenovirus, enterovirus, norovirus gi, and norovirus gii) and fecal source tracking markers (human, ruminant, and pig bacteroidales) in land-based runoff from 22 tropical streams on o'ahu, hawai'i. each stream was sampled twice in the morning and afternoon during dry weather. viruses and human bacteroidales were widespread in the streams. watershed septic tank densities were positively associated with higher occ ... | 2011 | 21780808 |
| [antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin s760 produced by enterococcus faecium strain lwp760]. | antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin s760 (enterocin) produced by enterococcusfaecium strain lwp760 was studied. bacteriocin s760 is a cationic, hydrophobic, and heat stable peptide with the molecular weight of 5.5 kda and pl of 9.8. enterocin s760 is shown to inhibit in vitro the growth both of sensitive and resistant to antibacterials gramnegative and grampositive bacteria of 25 species. mics of the bacteriocin s760 vary between 0.05-1.6 mg/l for escherichia coli 0157:h117, salmonella typhimu ... | 2011 | 21780664 |
| genotypic characterisation and cluster analysis of campylobacter jejuni isolates from domestic pets, human clinical cases and retail food. | abstract: the genetic similarity of campylobacter jejuni isolates from pets, compared to human clinical cases and retail food isolates collected in ireland over 2001-2006 was investigated by cluster analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) fingerprinting profiles. comparison of the pfge profiles of 60 pet isolates and 109 human isolates revealed that seven (4.1%) profiles were grouped in clusters including at least one human and one pet c. jejuni isolate. in total six (1.6%) of 60 pet ... | 2011 | 21777493 |
| highly efficient microscale purification of glycerophospholipids by microfluidic cell lysis and lipid extraction for lipidomics profiling. | this article presents a novel method for small-scale lipidomics of bacterial cells by integrating extraction of glycerophospholipids on a microchip with a nanoelectrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer (nanoesi-q-tof ms/ms). the standard starting point for typical macroscale lipid analysis is a multiphase liquid-liquid extraction. working with small populations of cells (1 to about 1000) requires a scaled down process in order to minimize dilution and facilitate t ... | 2011 | 21766805 |
| leaching of human pathogens in repacked soil lysimeters and contamination of potato tubers under subsurface drip irrigation in denmark. | the risk for contamination of potatoes and groundwater through subsurface drip irrigation with low quality water was explored in 30 large-scale lysimeters containing repacked coarse sand and sandy loam soils. the human pathogens, salmonella senftenberg, campylobacter jejuni and escherichia coli o157:h7, and the virus indicator salmonella typhimurium bacteriophage 28b, were added weekly through irrigation tubes for one month with low irrigation rates (8 mm per week). in the following six months l ... | 2011 | 21762945 |
| high incidence of guillain-barre syndrome in children, bangladesh. | to the editor: bangladesh has achieved remarkable success in its drive to eliminate poliomyelitis; no case has been reported from that country since 2000. still, the nonpolio incidence rate of acute flaccid paralysis (afp) in bangladesh is 3.25 cases per 100,000 children *lt;15 years of age (1). guillain-barre syndrome (gbs), an acute polyradiculoneuropathy, is the most frequent cause of afp (2). gbs in bangladesh is frequently preceded by an enteric infection caused by campylobacter jejuni (3). ... | 2011 | 21762603 |
| melioidosis in birds and burkholderia pseudomallei dispersal, australia. | to the editor: melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease of humans and animals caused by the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, which inhabits soil and surface water in the disease-endemic regions of southeast asia and northern australia (1). the aim of this study was to assess the potential for birds to spread b. pseudomallei. birds are known carriers of various human pathogens, including influenza viruses, west nile virus, campylobacter jejuni, and antimicrobial drug-resist ... | 2011 | 21762599 |
| niche segregation and genetic structure of campylobacter jejuni populations from wild and agricultural host species. | bacterial populations can display high levels of genetic structuring but the forces that influence this are incompletely understood. here, by combining modelling approaches with multilocus sequence data for the zoonotic pathogen campylobacter, we investigated how ecological factors such as niche (host) separation relate to population structure. we analysed seven housekeeping genes from published c. jejuni and c. coli isolate collections from a range of food and wild animal sources as well as abi ... | 2011 | 21762392 |
| following an imaginary campylobacter population from farm to fork and beyond: a bacterial perspective. | it has been known for decades that poultry meat is the most common single source for campylobacteriosis, yet the problem has not been solved. this review identifies some of the reasons why our attempts to reduce the incidence of this pathogen have largely failed. based on the literature, the events a virtual population of campylobacter may encounter, from growing in the gut of a broiler to eventually infecting humans and causing disease, are reviewed. most steps in the farm-to-fork process are w ... | 2011 | 21762185 |
| chemotactic behavior of campylobacter spp. in function of different temperatures (37 °c and 42 °c). | the chemotactic behaviour of campylobacter strains was determined in the presence of different amino acids at two temperatures (37 °c and 42 °c). two strains of catalase positive (campylobacter jejuni) and negative (campylobacter sputurum) campylobacter were isolated from river water in tonekabon, iran and identified by phenotyping and 16srrna gene sequencing methods. chemotactic responses of the isolates were assessed toward a variety of amino acids viz., l-cystine, l-asparagine, l-histidine, l ... | 2011 | 21757020 |
| marked campylobacteriosis decline after interventions aimed at poultry, new zealand. | beginning in the 1980s, new zealand experienced rising annual rates of campylobacteriosis that peaked in 2006. we analyzed notification, hospitalization, and other data to explore the 2007-2008 drop in campylobacteriosis incidence. source attribution techniques based on genotyping of campylobacter jejuni isolates from patients and environmental sources were also used to examine the decline. in 2008, the annual campylobacteriosis notification rate was 161.5/100,000 population, representing a 54% ... | 2011 | 21749761 |
| systemic response to campylobacter jejuni infection by profiling gene transcription in the spleens of two genetic lines of chickens. | campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) is a leading cause of human bacterial enteritis worldwide with poultry products being a major source of c. jejuni contamination. the chicken is the natural reservoir of c. jejuni where bacteria colonize the digestive tract of poultry, but rarely cause symptoms of disease. to understand the systemic molecular response mechanisms to c. jejuni infection in chickens, total splenic rna was isolated and applied to a whole genome chicken microarray for comparison betwee ... | 2011 | 21748442 |
| interactions between gastric and enteric infections: clues to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease? | whereas the worldwide incidence of crohn's disease (cd) continues to rise, maori and pacific islanders living in new zealand remain largely unaffected. the reason for this is currently unknown but may be linked to emerging evidence suggesting a role for campylobacter spp in the aetiology of cd. rates of campylobacteriosis are notably lower among maori and pacific islanders and while this may reflect poorer access to primary care and diagnostic services, resulting in lower rates of notified disea ... | 2011 | 21747425 |
| distribution of flagella secreted protein and integral membrane protein among campylobacter jejuni isolated from thailand. | abstract: | 2011 | 21745410 |
| genetic instability of campylobacter coli in the digestive tract of experimentally infected pigs. | campylobacter, a leading cause of food-borne illness worldwide, has a widespread distribution with a broad range of animal hosts and environmental reservoirs. the genetic description of bacterial strains is a powerful tool for epidemiological studies but can be impaired by the high genomic variability of campylobacter. our study aimed (i) at investigating the genotypic instability of campylobacter generated either in vitro by subculturing or after in vivo passage on specific pathogen-free pigs a ... | 2011 | 21831540 |
| a national epidemic of campylobacteriosis in iceland, lessons learned. | epidemics often result in organizational, policy and technical changes within a country. in 1999, an epidemic of campylobacteriosis was reported in iceland. the recent availability of fresh poultry products in the marketplace was suggested as the source of infection. this paper reports on the context of the epidemic, reviews interventions implemented to prevent campylobacteriosis, and discusses lessons learned. a retrospective study of interventions implemented in iceland from june 1995 to decem ... | 2011 | 21824341 |
| x-ray structure of a bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase. | asparagine-linked glycosylation is a post-translational modification of proteins containing the conserved sequence motif asn-x-ser/thr. the attachment of oligosaccharides is implicated in diverse processes such as protein folding and quality control, organism development or host-pathogen interactions. the reaction is catalysed by oligosaccharyltransferase (ost), a membrane protein complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum. the central, catalytic enzyme of ost is the stt3 subunit, which has ho ... | 2011 | 21677752 |
| molecular tracking, through processing, of campylobacter strains colonizing broiler flocks. | many of the poultry flocks produced in the united kingdom are colonized with campylobacter, and the intensive nature of poultry processing usually results in contaminated carcasses. in this study, a previously reported molecular oligonucleotide probe method was used to track a specific flock-colonizing strain(s) on broiler carcasses during processing in two united kingdom commercial poultry processing plants. five campylobacter-positive flocks were sampled at four points along the processing lin ... | 2011 | 21705532 |
| cholesterol depletion reduces entry of campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin and attenuates intoxication of host cells. | campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide. cytolethal distending toxin, produced by campylobacter jejuni, is a putative virulence factor that induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in eukaryotic cells. cellular cholesterol, a major component of lipid rafts, has a pivotal role in regulating signaling transduction and protein trafficking as well as pathogen internalization. in this study, we demonstrated that cell intoxication by campylobacter jejuni cytolethal disten ... | 2011 | 21730089 |
| microbial challenges of poultry meat production. | food safety and shelf-life are both important microbial concerns in relation to broiler meat production. focus is mainly placed on the absence or control of potentially pathogenic microbes such as salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp. but, from the commercial point of view, other spoilage bacteria also play a role as potential threats. regarding food safety, the primary target should be the production of pathogen-free live animals, thus allowing slaughter plants to keep the processing line free ... | 2011 | 21718794 |
| bacteria as trigger for chronic gastrointestinal disorders. | apart from acute infections, microorganisms may also induce or perpetuate chronic inflammatory diseases and reversible or irreversible proliferation of various cells in the gastrointestinal tract (the extreme being adenocarcinoma and lymphoma). helicobacter pylori is not only involved in the pathogenesis of lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. the steps and mechanisms of the carcinogenic process involve host predisposition, environmental factors, and strain virulence. the steps of lymphoma genes ... | 2011 | 21734380 |
| efflux pumps of the resistance-nodulation-division family: a perspective of their structure, function, and regulation in gram-negative bacteria. | | 2011 | 21692368 |
| sequencing and validation of the genome of a campylobacter concisus reveals intra-species diversity. | campylobacter concisus is an emerging pathogen of the human gastrointestinal tract. its role in different diseases remains a subject of debate; this may be due to strain to strain genetic variation. here, we sequence and analyze the genome of a c. concisus from a biopsy of a child with crohn's disease (unswcd); the second such genome for this species. a 1.8 mb genome was assembled with paired-end reads from a next-generation sequencer. this genome is smaller than the 2.1 mb c. concisus reference ... | 2011 | 21829448 |
| novel murine infection models provide deep insights into the "m+®nage +á trois" of campylobacter jejuni, microbiota and host innate immunity. | although campylobacter jejuni-infections have a high prevalence worldwide and represent a significant socioeconomic burden, it is still not well understood how c. jejuni causes intestinal inflammation. detailed investigation of c. jejuni-mediated intestinal immunopathology is hampered by the lack of appropriate vertebrate models. in particular, mice display colonization resistance against this pathogen. | 2011 | 21698299 |
| biofilms in drinking water and their role as reservoir for pathogens. | most microorganisms on earth live in various aggregates which are generally termed "biofilms". they are ubiquitous and represent the most successful form of life. they are the active agent in biofiltration and the carriers of the self-cleaning potential in soils, sediments and water. they are also common on surfaces in technical systems where they sometimes cause biofouling. in recent years it has become evident that biofilms in drinking water distribution networks can become transient or long-t ... | 2011 | 21697011 |
| [ interaction of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori ]. | | 2010 | 21774160 |
| comparison of campylobacter jejuni isolates from human, food, veterinary and environmental sources in iceland using pfge, mlst and fla-svr sequencing. | campylobacter jejuni isolates from various sources in iceland were genotyped with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity, population structure, source distribution and campylobacter transmission routes to humans. | 2011 | 21740489 |
| transfer, viability and colonisation of campylobacter jejuni in the chicken vitellus and in embryos. | 1. the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of campylobacter jejuni to penetrate and colonise eggs from specific-pathogen-free (spf) and heavy breeder hens, and to determine its effects on the viability of spf embryos. 2. we detected c. jejuni in 10% of breeder hens and 20% of spf eggs, which demonstrates the ability of the bacteria to go through the pores of eggs and contaminate the vitellus after 3ôçëh of contact. these results indicate that there is a risk of contamination unde ... | 2011 | 21732872 |
| campylobacter jejuni group iii phage cp81 contains many t4-like genes without belonging to the t4-type phage group: implications for the evolution of t4 phages. | cp81 is a virulent campylobacter group iii phage whose linear genome comprises 132,454 bp. at the nucleotide level, cp81 differs from other phages. however, a number of its structural and replication/recombination proteins revealed a relationship to the group ii campylobacter phages cp220/cpt10 and to t4-type phages. unlike the t4-related phages, the cp81 genome does not contain conserved replication and virion modules. instead, the respective genes are scattered throughout the phage genome. mor ... | 2011 | 21697478 |
| campylobacter enteritis in adult patients with acute diarrhea from 2005 to 2009 in beijing, china. | there has been a marked global increase in the incidence of human campylobacter enteritis in recent years. this study investigated the epidemiological and clinical features of campylobacter enteritis in adult patients suffering from acute diarrhea. | 2011 | 21740807 |
| simulation model for campylobacter cross-contamination during poultry processing at slaughterhouses. | broiler meat is regarded as the most common source of campylobacter infection and risk management measures are required to reduce broiler meat contamination. among the quantitative risk assessments for campylobacter in broiler meat, evaluation of the poultry processing stage is particularly important for predicting the contamination level of broiler meat and the effects of control measures. in this study, we built a simulation model for cross-contamination during poultry processing focusing on c ... | 2011 | 21824339 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of biotin-appended analogues of gangliosides gm2, gm1, gd1a and galnac-gd1a for solid-phase applications and improved elisa tests. | biotinylated analogues of gangliosides gm2, gm1, gd1a and galnac-gd1a were synthesized in high yields using glycosyltransferases from campylobacter jejuni. the presence of a biotin moiety in the aglycone part of these mimics allows for attachment of these materials onto various streptavidin-coated surfaces. analysis of the interaction of biotin-appended gm1 with the b subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin performed in a modified elisa procedure shows the potential of this compound ... | 2011 | 21727969 |
| epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic data on intestinal infections with entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar among returning travelers. | background: among travelers returning from the tropics, entamoeba spp. are among the most frequently detected intestinal parasites, mainly the presumable apathogenic e. dispar and the pathogenic e. histolytica. methods: among 5,378 travelers seeking diagnosis and treatment for intestinal infections at the travel clinic of the university of munich between 2005 and 2009, 103 laboratory-confirmed amebiasis cases were detected. the study compares the results of various diagnostic tests among these p ... | 2011 | 21717146 |
| factors associated with infection by campylobacter fetus in beef herds in the province of buenos aires, argentina. | campylobacter fetus is a major venereal pathogen of cattle that is considered to be widespread among the livestock population of argentina. the disease accounts for a 10% reduction in the weaning rate of argentine infected herds and annual losses of $165 million. a case-control, questionnaire-based study was developed with the objective of quantifying the association between c. fetus infection and demographic, husbandry, and sanitary factors in 196 herds located in the province of buenos aires, ... | 2011 | 21737166 |
| longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the uk (iid2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice. | objectives to estimate, overall and by organism, the incidence of infectious intestinal disease (iid) in the community, presenting to general practice (gp) and reported to national surveillance. design prospective, community cohort study and prospective study of gp presentation conducted between april 2008 and august 2009. setting eighty-eight gps across the uk recruited from the medical research council general practice research framework and the primary care research networks. participants 683 ... | 2011 | 21708822 |
| prevalence of foodborne pathogens in grilled chicken from street vendors and retail outlets in reynosa, tamaulipas, mexico. | we analyzed a total of 70 grilled chicken samples bought randomly from street vendors and retail outlets in the city of reynosa, mexico, to determine the prevalence of escherichia coli (shiga toxin producing and enterotoxin producing), salmonella spp., staphylococcus aureus, listeria spp., and campylobacter spp. using microbiological methods and pcr detection of bacterial sequences. of the 70 samples, 27 (38.5%) were from retail outlets and 43 (61.4%) from street vendors. all specimens were nega ... | 2011 | 21819659 |
| structural biology: porthole to catalysis. | | 2011 | 21677742 |
| quantitative rna-seq analysis of the transcriptome of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common bacterial cause of food-borne disease in the developed world. its general physiology and biochemistry, as well as the mechanisms enabling it to colonize and cause disease in various hosts, are not well understood, and new approaches are required to understand its basic biology. high-throughput sequencing technologies provide unprecedented opportunities for functional genomic research. recent studies have shown that direct illumina sequencing of cdna (rna-s ... | 2011 | 21816880 |
| characterization of the dehydratase wcbk and the reductase wcag involved in gdp-6-deoxy-manno-heptose biosynthesis in campylobacter jejuni. | the capsule of campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 comprises the unusual 6-deoxy-alpha-d-altro-heptose, whose biosynthesis and function are not known. in this work, we characterized enzymes of the capsular cluster, wcbk and wcag, to determine their role in 6-deoxy-altro-heptose synthesis. these enzymes are similar to the yersinia pseudotuberculosis gdp-manno-heptose dehydratase/reductase dmha/dmhb, that we characterized previously. capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analyses showed t ... | 2011 | 21711244 |
| use of a rabbit soft tissue chamber model to investigate campylobacter jejuni-host interactions. | despite the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni as an important food borne pathogen, the microbial factors governing its infection process are poorly characterized. in this study, we developed a novel rabbit soft tissue chamber model to investigate c. jejuni interactions with its host. the in vivo transcriptome profile of c. jejuni was monitored as a function of time post-infection by competitive microarray hybridization with cdna obtained from c. jejuni grown in vitro. genome-wide expression ana ... | 2010 | 21687769 |
| irrelevance between the induction of anti-campylobacter humoral response by a bacterin and the lack of protection against homologous challenge in japanese jidori chickens. | on-farm vaccination of chickens against campylobacter jejuni is considered a potentially effective countermeasure to decrease campylobacteriosis via consumption of contaminated chicken meat, but is not yet available. in this study, two groups of jidori chicks were immunized subcutaneously with a formalin-killed c. jejuni with 2 different adjuvants. another chicks served as the unvaccinated control group. both vaccines induced high levels of anti-campylobacter igg, but provided no decrease of bac ... | 2011 | 21836379 |
| identification of persistent subtypes of campylobacter jejuni by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in finland. | abstract the genetic diversity of campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from finnish patients was studied by typing 508 strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: 311 were isolated from domestically acquired infections and 197 from travel-related infections. the strains were systematically selected from a larger collection of previously serotyped strains isolated during two 1-year sampling periods. the four most common smai profiles accounted for 45% of the domestic strains but only 3% of the ... | 2011 | 21675864 |
| genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni strain 327, a strain isolated from a turkey slaughterhouse. | campylobacter is one of the leading causes of food-borne gastroenteritis and has a high prevalence in poultry. campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 327 is a subspecies of the genus campylobacter of the family campylobacteraceae in the phylum proteobacteria. the microaerophilic, spiral shaped, catalase positive bacterium obtains energy from the metabolism of amino acids and krebs cycle intermediates. strain 327 was isolated from a turkey slaughter production line and is considered environmentally s ... | 2011 | 21677848 |
| prevalence of campylobacter in wild birds of the mid-atlantic region, usa. | we evaluated the occurrence of three campylobacter species--c. jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari--from 333 wild bird fecal samples collected at tri-state bird rescue and research in newark, delaware, in 2008. using multiplex polymerase chain reaction, we detected c. jejuni from six avian families with an overall prevalence rate of 7.2%. we did not detect any other campylobacter species. campylobacter jejuni prevalence ranged widely between different avian families with crows (corvidae) and gulls (lar ... | 2011 | 21719846 |
| reactive arthritis in a population exposed to an extensive waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak after sewage contamination in pirkanmaa, finland. | objectives: to assess the occurrence, clinical picture, and triggering infections of reactive arthritis (rea) associated with a large waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak. methods: after an extensive sewage contamination of the water supply system, an estimated 8453 of the 30 016 inhabitants of the town of nokia fell ill. general practitioners and occupational physicians were advised to refer any patients with suspicion of new rea to rheumatological examination including faecal culture, human leu ... | 2011 | 21679096 |
| salicylate functions as an efflux pump inducer and promotes the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants in campylobacter jejuni. | salicylate, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound, has been shown to increase the resistance of campylobacter to antimicrobials. however, the molecular mechanism underlying salicylate-induced resistance has not yet been established. in this study, we determined how salicylate increases antibiotic resistance and evaluated its impact on the development of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants in campylobacter. transcriptional fusion assay, real time quantitative rt-pcr and immunoblotting assay co ... | 2011 | 21821741 |
| a case of anti-ga1 antibody-positive fisher syndrome with elevated tau protein in cerebrospinal fluid. | we describe a boy with fisher syndrome. he presented the typical symptoms of fisher syndrome, including external ophthalmoplegia, abnormality of convergence, and areflexia, after an episode of campylobacter enterocolitis. atypically, however, anti-ga1 antibody was detected in his serum, though anti-gq1b and anti-gt1a antibodies were not. in addition, the tau protein level in his cerebrospinal fluid was elevated. generally, fisher syndrome is a self-limiting disease and has a good prognosis. in o ... | 2011 | 21742448 |
| analysis of glycosylation motifs and glycosyltransferases in bacteria and archaea. | the process of glycosylation has been studied extensively in prokaryotes but many questions still remain unanswered. glycosyltransferase is the enzyme which mediates glycosylation and has its preference for the target glycosylation sites as well as for the type of glycosylation i.e. n-linked and o-linked glycosylation. in this study we carried out the bioinformatics analysis of one of the key enzymes of pgl locus from campylobacter jejuni, known as pglb, which is distributed widely in bacteria a ... | 2011 | 21738312 |
| [campylobacter jejuni spondylodiscitis.] | | 2011 | 21719222 |
| comparison between conventional and qpcr methods for enumerating campylobacter jejuni in a poultry processing plant. | campylobacter jejuni is worldwide recognized as a human foodborne pathogen. it is widely present in poultry meat and slaughterhouses, but little is known about its fate during the processing of poultry meat preparations. in stress conditions, this pathogen can enter into a viable but non-culturable state, where quantitative pcr (qpcr) becomes more convenient for its detection. in this study, two different pairs of primers, targeting the rpob and the hipo genes, were compared for its detection an ... | 2011 | 21839385 |
| hygienic quality and antibiotic resistance profile of sliced butchery. | in order to investigate the microbiological quality of different meat products on the greek market, 200 samples were collected from the following preparations: boiled turkey (n=50), boiled pork ham (n=50), smoked turkey (n=50) and smoked pork ham (n=50). in all cold meat preparations clostridium perfringens vegetative and spore forms, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and other clostridium sp lec(-), as well as lactobacillus, bacillus sp. and salmonella sp. were recovered. for instance bac ... | 2011 | 21722746 |
| a ccd-based fluorescence imaging system for real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based rapid and sensitive detection of waterborne pathogens on microchips. | rapid, sensitive, and low-cost pathogen diagnostic systems are needed for early disease diagnosis and treatment, especially in resource-limited settings. this study reports a low-cost charge-coupled device (ccd)-based fluorescence imaging system for rapid detection of waterborne pathogens by isothermal gene amplification in disposable microchips. fluorescence imaging capability of this monochromatic ccd camera is evaluated by optimizing the gain, offset, and exposure time. this imaging system is ... | 2011 | 21720851 |
| molecular-based detection of non-culturable and emerging campylobacteria in patients presenting with gastroenteritis. | summaryfrom january 2009 to may 2010, 436 faecal samples from patients with diarrhoeal illness in southern ireland were identified as campylobacter genus-positive by an automated multiplex pcr; however, 204 (46-à8%) of these samples were culture-negative for campylobacters. a combination of campylobacter-specific uniplex pcr and 16s rrna sequencing confirmed the presence of campylobacter dna in 191 (93-à6%) of the culture-negative samples. species-specific pcr identified c. jejuni (50-à7%) c. ur ... | 2011 | 21676357 |
| colonization factors of campylobacter jejuni in the chicken gut. | abstract: campylobacter contaminated broiler chicken meat is an important source of foodborne gastroenteritis and poses a serious health burden in industrialized countries. broiler chickens are commonly regarded as a natural host for this zoonotic pathogen and infected birds carry a very high c. jejuni load in their gastrointestinal tract, especially the ceca. this eventually results in contaminated carcasses during processing. current intervention methods fail to reduce the colonization of broi ... | 2011 | 21714866 |
| cross-reactive epitopes present in campylobacter jejuni serotypes isolated from enteritis patients. | (full text is available at http://www.manu.edu.mk/prilozi). campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) infection frequently triggers autoimmune-mediated neuropathies, especially the guillain-barre syndrome (gbs). the molecular mimicry between the core oligosaccharides of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lpss) and the human gangliosides presumably results in the production of anti-neural cross-reactive antibodies which are likely to be a contributory factor in the induction and pathogenesis of gbs. the aim o ... | 2011 | 21822182 |
| fever in travelers returning from malaria-endemic areas: don't look for malaria only. | returning travelers with fever pose challenges for clinicians because of the multitude of diagnostic alternatives. case data in a finnish tertiary hospital were analyzed in order to define the causes of fever in returned travelers and to evaluate the current diagnostic approach. | 2011 | 21722234 |
| target region selection is a critical determinant of community fingerprints generated by 16s pyrosequencing. | pyrosequencing of 16s rrna genes allows for in-depth characterization of complex microbial communities. although it is known that primer selection can influence the profile of a community generated by sequencing, the extent and severity of this bias on deep-sequencing methodologies is not well elucidated. we tested the hypothesis that the hypervariable region targeted for sequencing and primer degeneracy play important roles in influencing the composition of 16s pyrotag communities. subgingival ... | 2011 | 21738596 |
| the prevalence and genetic diversity of campylobacter spp. in domestic 'backyard' poultry in canterbury, new zealand. | campylobacteriosis is the most commonly notified illness in new zealand. whilst the importance of commercial poultry in campylobacteriosis is well established, little is known about the possible role of chickens kept at home as a direct animal/faecal contact or consumption exposure pathway. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of campylobacter spp. in domestic backyard chicken flocks in the canterbury region of new zealand. poultry faecal samples were colle ... | 2011 | 21824372 |
| [a case of desulfovibrio desulfuricans cultured from blood in japan]. | we report a case of desulfovibrio desulfuricans bacteremia in a 60-year-old-man. in our case, anaerobic blood culture bottle turned out positive after five days' incubation. gram stain showed the presence of slightly-curved gram negative rod. suspecting campylobacter and helicobacter, we added microaerobic culture while tentatively reporting campylobacter to the physician. we then added anaerobic culturing with brucella hk (rs) agar because microaerobic culture proved the absence of microaerophi ... | 2011 | 21706860 |
| screening for antecedent campylobacter jejuni infections and anti-ganglioside antibodies in idiopathic neuralgic amyotrophy. | | 2011 | 21692917 |
| detection of campylobacter concisus and other campylobacter species in colonic biopsies from adults with ulcerative colitis. | the critical role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (uc) is well recognized, but an individual causative microorganism has not been singled out so far. campylobacter concisus and other non-jejuni species of campylobacter have been implicated as putative aetiological agents in inflammatory bowel disease in children, but such studies have not been addressed in adults. this study investigated the prevalence of campylobacter species in colonic biopsy samples from adults with uc a ... | 2011 | 21738679 |
| epidemiology and outcome of shigella, salmonella and campylobacter infections in travellers returning from the tropics with fever and diarrhoea. | during a study on fever after a stay in the tropics, we aimed at investigating the epidemiology and outcome of invasive bacterial enteritis due to shigella, salmonella or campylobacter spp. in patients diagnosed with febrile traveller's diarrhoea. | 2011 | 21837926 |
| distribution of campylobacter jejuni isolates from turkey farms and different stages at slaughter using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and flaa-short variable region sequencing. | the aim of this study was to assess the diversity of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. isolated from turkey flocks at six rearing farms 1-2ôçâweeks prior to slaughter (360 faecal swab samples) and from 11 different stages at the slaughterhouse (636 caecal, environmental, neck skin and meat samples). a total of 121 campylobacter isolates were identified to species level using a multiplex pcr assay and were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and flaa-short variable region (svr) seque ... | 2011 | 21824338 |
| structural and kinetic analysis of substrate binding to the sialyltransferase cst-ii from campylobacter jejuni. | sialic acids play important roles in various biological processes and typically terminate the oligosaccharide chains on the cell surfaces of a wide range of organisms including mammals and bacteria. their attachment is catalyzed by a set of sialyltransferases with defined specificities both for their acceptor sugars and the position of attachment. however, little is known of how this specificity is encoded. the structure of the bifunctional sialyltransferase cst-ii of the human pathogen campylob ... | 2011 | 21832050 |
| antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter, salmonella, and escherichia coli isolated from retail grain-fed veal meat from southern ontario, canada. | this study estimated the prevalence of salmonella, campylobacter, and escherichia coli isolates in fresh retail grain-fed veal obtained in ontario, canada. the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns were examined for points of public health significance. veal samples (n = 528) were collected from february 2003 through may 2004. twenty-one salmonella isolates were recovered from 18 (4%) of 438 samples and underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing. resistance to one or more antimicr ... | 2011 | 21819650 |
| Genetic comparison of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from different cattle farms. | To compare the genotypes of Campylobacter jejuni, isolates of cattle origin were collected from 9 Polish farms and genotyped by ERIC-PCR. We identified 28 genotypes among the 43 C. jejuni isolates, and demonstrated high genomic diversity. The highest level of diversity was observed in strains isolated from stanchion-barn animals in opposition to those from the loose-housing system. | 2011 | 21721414 |
| Detection bias and the association between inflammatory bowel disease and Salmonella and Campylobacter infection. | | 2011 | 21730102 |
| cryptosporidium and giardia associated with reduced lamb carcase productivity. | on two extensive sheep farms in southern western australia, 111 (farm a) and 124 (farm b) female crossbred lambs (2-6 weeks old) were randomly selected and individually identified using ear tags (a numbered tag and radio-frequency tag) at marking. on five separate occasions, faecal samples were collected and live weight, body condition score (bcs), faecal consistency score (fcs), breech fleece faecal soiling score and faecal dry matter percentage (dm%) were recorded. lamb hot carcase weight (hcw ... | 2011 | 21719199 |
| Occurrence of virulence genes among Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from domestic animals and children. | The presence of the flaA, cadF, cdtB and iam genes of Campylobacter spp. was determined with the PCR method. The materials to investigate were 56 C. jejuni and 23 C. coli strains isolated from clinical samples (children and domestic animals). It was found that all of the Campylobacter spp. isolates from children with diarrhoea and domestic animals had cadF gene, responsible for adherence. The flaA gene was present in all Campylobacter spp. isolates derived from children and cats. Occurrence of f ... | 2011 | 21721403 |
| Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin: A Model for Protein N-Glycosylation in Recombinant Escherichia coli. | Background: The hemagglutinin molecule of influenza virus is considered as an ideal model to study biological processes as well as the effect of glycosylation on the function of glycoproteins. Objectives: The large subunit of the influenza virus A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1) hemagglutinin (HA1) was expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli containing the glycosylation system of Campylobacter jejuni. This viral glycoprotein contains glycosylation motifs recognized by prokaryotic and eukaryotic oli ... | 2011 | 21734350 |
| Prevalence of Salmonella, Yersinia and Campylobacter spp. in Feral Raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Masked Palm Civets (Paguma larvata) in Japan. | To estimate the public and animal health risk that alien species pose, the prevalence of Salmonella, Yersinia, and Campylobacter spp. in feral raccoons (Procyon lotor, nÔÇâ=ÔÇâ459) and masked palm civets (Paguma larvata, nÔÇâ=ÔÇâ153), which are abundant alien species in Japan, was investigated in urban and suburban areas of Japan. Salmonella enterica was detected from 29 samples [26 raccoons, 5.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.8-3.5%; three masked palm civets, 2.0%, 95% CI 4.2-0%]. Many of the ... | 2011 | 21824337 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni using the bacteriophage nctc 12673 receptor binding protein as a probe. | campylobacter jejuni is found in the intestines of poultry, cattle, swine, wild birds and pet animals and is the major cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in developed countries. we report the use of the receptor binding protein (rbp) of campylobacter bacteriophage nctc 12673 for the specific capture of campylobacter jejuni bacteria using rbp-derivatized capturing surfaces. the gp48 rbp was expressed as a glutathione s-transferase-gp48 (gst-gp48) fusion protein and immobilized onto surface plasmo ... | 2011 | 21955997 |
| associations among pathogenic bacteria, parasites, and environmental and land use factors in multiple mixed-use watersheds. | over a five year period (2004-08), 1171 surface water samples were collected from up to 24 sampling locations representing a wide range of stream orders, in a river basin in eastern ontario, canada. water was analyzed for cryptosporidium oocysts and giardia cyst densities, the presence of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica, campylobacter spp., listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7. the study objective was to explore associations among pathogen densities/occurrence and objecti ... | 2011 | 21889781 |
| evaluating 3 gas-delivery systems for culturing campylobacter jejuni in a microaerophilic environment. | campylobacter spp. require a microaerophilic environment (80% n(2), 10% co(2), 5% h(2), and 5% o(2)) for growth. since the late 1800s, several systems for creating and maintaining specific microbial atmospheres have been developed and applied. the objective of this study was to evaluate campylobacter jejuni growth by means of 3 commonly used gas-delivery systems for generating a microaerophilic environment: automated, gas-generating sachet, and plastic storage bag. pure culture c. jejuni cells w ... | 2011 | 21934023 |
| immunoreactivity of glycoproteins isolated from human peripheral nerve and campylobacter jejuni (o:19). | antibodies to ganglioside gm1 are associated with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) in patients with serologic evidence of a preceding infection with campylobacter jejuni. molecular mimicry between c. jejuni lipopolysaccharide (lps) and ganglioside gm1 has been proven to be the immunopathogenic mechanism of the disease in the axonal variant of gbs. gm1-positive sera cross-react with several gal-galnac-bearing glycoproteins from the human peripheral nerve and c. jejuni (o:19). this study aimed to exa ... | 2011 | 21897673 |
| biosecurity-based interventions and strategies to reduce campylobacter spp. on poultry farms. | the prevention and control of campylobacter colonization of poultry flocks are important public health strategies for the control of human campylobacteriosis. a critical review of the literature on interventions to control campylobacter in poultry on farms was undertaken using a systematic approach. although the focus of the review was on aspects appropriate to the united kingdom poultry industry, the research reviewed was gathered from worldwide literature. multiple electronic databases were em ... | 2011 | 21984249 |