| testosterone manipulation postcastration does not alter cloacal gland growth differences in male quail selected for divergent plasma corticosterone stress response. | japanese quail selected for reduced (low-stress, ls) rather than exaggerated (high-stress, hs) plasma corticosterone response to brief restraint have consistently shown greater cloacal gland (cg) development, an androgen-dependent trait. in this study, the effects of testosterone implants on levels of plasma testosterone and cg development in castrated ls and hs quail were determined. stress-line males were castrated and randomly allocated to 1 of 3 testosterone treatments: the empty testosteron ... | 2010 | 21076108 |
| the hypophysial pars tuberalis transduces photoperiodic signals via multiple pathways and messenger molecules. | located between the median eminence, the portal vessels, and the pars distalis (pd) of the hypophysis, the hypophysial pars tuberalis (pt) is an important center for transmission of photoperiodic information to neuroendocrine circuits involved in the control of reproduction, metabolism and behavior. despite enormous and long lasting efforts, output pathways and messenger molecules from the pt have been unraveled only recently. most interestingly, the pt sends its signals in two directions: via a ... | 2010 | 21078321 |
| subchronic lead exposure, immunotoxicology and increased disease resistance in japanese quail (corturnix coturnix japonica). | the present study investigated the effects of lead (pb) on immune responses in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) and the pathological impact of exposure to an infectious agent (e. coli o2). fifty-four, 4-week-old quail were exposed to lead acetate in drinking water at 5 or 50ppm. all birds were vaccinated with newcastle vaccine (ndv) during the third week of contaminant (pb) exposure. in the fourth week, several arms of the immune response were tested using the t cell based phytohemagglutinin ( ... | 2010 | 21111478 |
| japanese quail as a model system for studying the neuroendocrine control of reproductive and social behaviors. | japanese quail (coturnix japonica; referred to simply as quail in this article) readily exhibit sexual behavior and related social behaviors in captive conditions and have therefore proven valuable for studies of how early social experience can shape adult mate preference and sexual behavior. quail have also been used in sexual conditioning studies illustrating that natural stimuli predict successful reproduction via pavlovian processes. in addition, they have proven to be a good model to study ... | 2010 | 21131709 |
| effects of dietary selenium source, storage time, and temperature on the quality of quail eggs. | we report the effects of time of storage, temperature, and supplementation with sodium selenite- and selenium-enriched yeast on the quality of quail eggs. for this study, 90 10-week-old female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) with similar body size were caged individually and randomly divided into five groups of 18 quails each. one group was fed a normal diet and served as control. a second group was supplemented with 0.2 mg/kg sodium selenite (in-se) and three groups supplemented wi ... | 2010 | 21136198 |
| characterization of influenza virus sialic acid receptors in minor poultry species. | it is commonly accepted that avian influenza viruses (aivs) bind to terminal α2,3 sialic acid (sa) residues whereas human influenza viruses bind to α2,6 sa residues. by a series of amino acid changes on the ha surface protein, aivs can switch receptor specificity and recognize α2,6 sa positive cells, including human respiratory epithelial cells. animal species, like pigs and japanese quail, that contain both α2,3 and α2,6 sa become ideal environments for receptor switching. here, we describe the ... | 2010 | 21143937 |
| applicability of lectin histochemistry in a test system with in ovo treatment for detecting androgenic and antiandrogenic effects of chemicals in japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the aim of the current study was to examine whether analysis of the appearance of specific lectin-positive substances in the quail embryonic cloacal gland would be useful for evaluating the androgenic and antiandrogenic effects of chemicals. fertilized japanese quail eggs were injected with 0 to 75 µg of cyproterone acetate (ca), an antiandrogenic compound, on d 12 of incubation (d 12), followed by injection of 0 to 300 µg of testosterone propionate (tp) on d 13. experimental groups consisted of ... | 2011 | 21177456 |
| resveratrol protects quail hepatocytes against heat stress: modulation of the nrf2 transcription factor and heat shock proteins. | in the present study, the effects of dietary resveratrol on the induction of heat shock proteins, transcription factors and antioxidative enzyme system in liver of quails under heat stress were investigated. a total of 180 (55-day-old) female japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were reared either at 22 °c for 24 h/day (thermoneutral, tn) or 34 °c for 8 h/day (heat stress, hs; 09:00-17:00 hours) for 12 weeks. birds in both environments were randomly fed one of three diets: basal diet and ... | 2011 | 21244525 |
| immunotoxicity and disease resistance in japanese quail (corturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to malathion. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of malathion on the immune system of wild birds, using japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) as a model. quail were exposed to malathion in drinking water at environmentally realistic concentrations (0 ppm, 1 ppm, and 10 ppm). in the fifth week, several arms of the immune response were tested using the t-cell based phytohemagglutinin (pha) skin test, the b-cell mediated antibody response, and the chemiluminescence assay measuring innate ... | 2011 | 21448623 |
| comparison of pretectal genoarchitectonic pattern between quail and chicken embryos. | regionalization of the central nervous system is controlled by local networks of transcription factors that establish and maintain the identities of neuroepithelial progenitor areas and their neuronal derivatives. the conserved cerebral bauplan of vertebrates must result essentially from conserved patterns of developmentally expressed transcription factors. we have previously produced detailed molecular maps for the alar plate of prosomere 1 (the pretectal region) in chicken (ferran et al., 2007 ... | 2011 | 21503155 |
| developmental and posthatch effects of in ovo exposure to 2,3,7,8-tcdd, 2,3,4,7,8-pecdf, and 2,3,7,8-tcdf in japanese quail (coturnix japonica), common pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and white leghorn chicken (gallus gallus domesticus) embryos. | an egg injection study was conducted to confirm a proposed model of relative sensitivity of three avian species to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd)-like chemicals. it was previously reported that the order of species sensitivity to in ovo exposure to tcdd, 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (pecdf), or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (tcdf) at doses ranging from 0.044 to 37 picomoles (pmol)/g egg was the chicken (gallus gallus domesticus), common pheasant (phasianus colchicus), and japa ... | 2011 | 21509806 |
| trypanosoma culicavium sp. nov., an avian trypanosome transmitted by culex mosquitoes. | a new avian trypanosome, trypanosoma culicavium sp. nov., isolated from culex mosquitoes, is described on the basis of naturally and experimentally infected vectors and bird hosts, localization in the vector, morphological characters and molecular data. this study provides the first comprehensive description of a trypanosome species transmitted by mosquitoes, in which parasites form plugs and rosettes on the stomodeal valve. trypanosomes occurred as long epimastigotes and short trypomastigotes i ... | 2011 | 21515704 |
| [spatial arrangement of macro-, midi- and microchromosomes in transcriptionally active nuclei of growing oocytes in birds of the order galliformes]. | three-dimensional genome organization in the cell nucleus reflects its functional state and is one of the regulatory levels of gene expression. thus, a detailed exploration of the interrelations between the genome spatial organization and functioning is essential. in this work, three-dimensional genome organization in growing oocytes of galliform birds, with giant transcriptionally active nucleus characterized by nearly absolute lack of structural constraints on chromosome decondensation, is ana ... | 2011 | 21516818 |
| effects of α-lipoic acid, vitamins e and c upon the heat stress in japanese quails. | antioxidant vitamins are commonly used as colorant, preventive, sweetener, nutritive and antioxidant materials in food industry. thus, many studies have been conducted in recent years. we have performed the present study to understand the effects of α-lipoic acid (ala), vitamin c and e, added into rations of japanese quails, on chronic heat stress. this study was carried out in five groups as: control, stress, ala, vitamin e and vitamin c groups. heat stress is applied to all groups except the c ... | 2011 | 21535234 |
| [investigation of pseudoautosomal and bordering regions in avian z and w chromosomes with the use of large insert genomic bac clones]. | to study pseudoautosomal and bordering regions in the avian z and w chromosomes, we used seven bac clones from genomic libraries as dna probes of fragments of different gametologs of the atp5a1 gene located close to the proximal border of the pseudoautosomal region (par) of sex chromosomes of domestic chicken and japanese quail. localization of bac clones tam31-b100c09, tam31-b99n01, tam31-b27p16, and tam31-b95l18 in the short arm of z chromosomes of domestic chicken and japanese quail (region z ... | 2011 | 21542301 |
| the influence of mannan oligosaccharides, acidifiers and their combination on caecal microflora of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharides (mos) extracted from yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, acidifiers -calcium formate (cf), calcium propionate (cp)- and their combination on the caecal microflora of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). four hundred and fifty 1-day old quail where divided in six groups with three replicates each. one group that served as control received the basal diet. the five experimental diets consisted ... | 2011 | 21621628 |
| pathogenicity in quails and mice of h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from ducks. | in our study, the pathogenicity of h5n1 influenza a viruses circulating in waterfowls in southern china was investigated. three h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) viruses isolated from ducks, a/duck/guangdong/383/2008(dk383), a/duck/guangdong/378/2008(dk378) and a/duck/guangdong/212/2004(dk212) were inoculated at 10(6) fifty-percent egg infectious doses (eid(50)) into ducks, quails and mice and showed varying levels of pathogenicity. in ducks, the mortality rates ranged from 0 to 60% ... | 2011 | 21665388 |
| prevalence of low pathogenicity avian influenza virus during 2005 in two u.s. live bird market systems. | oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs were collected from poultry sold in two live bird market (lbm) systems to estimate the prevalence of low pathogenicity avian influenza virus (lpaiv) shedding during the summer and fall of 2005. random sampling was conducted in three lbms in minnesota where 50 birds were sampled twice weekly for 4 wk, and in three lbms in a california marketing system. a stratified systematic sampling method was used to collect samples from southern california lbms, where lpaiv was ... | 2011 | 21793439 |
| study of infection with an iranian field-isolated h9n2 avian influenza virus in vaccinated and unvaccinated japanese quail. | in the present study, we examined the mortality rate, egg production, and clinical signs of quail experimentally infected with a field isolate of a/chicken/iran/339/02 (h9n2) avian influenza virus obtained from an infected commercial layer farm with severe morbidity and mortality. a total of 120 quail at 14 days old were randomly divided into four groups of vaccinated (b and c) and unvaccinated (a and d) birds. vaccination was done on days 20 and 32, and viral inoculation of birds in groups c an ... | 2011 | 21793433 |
| neuroendocrine impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in birds: life stage and species sensitivities. | assessing potential risk associated with exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (edc) has been difficult due to species specific variation in vulnerability and to both short- and long-term effects produced by edc. in precocial birds, embryonic exposure to edc impacts sexual differentiation of neuroendocrine systems and behavior. often, detectable nonlethal effects of edc diminish as the organism matures such that the chronic impact of edc may appear relatively innocuous by the time an indivi ... | 2011 | 21790319 |
| immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characterization of the ovarian surface epithelium of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | contrary to humans, most ovarian tumors in other species do not arise from the ovarian surface epithelium but are of follicular-, stromal- or germ-cell origin. one of the few species where ovarian cancer arises from the ovarian surface epithelium (ose) is chicken (gallus domesticus). little is known about the morphology of the ose in other avian species. in our study we analyzed the ose morphology of japanese quail (coturnix japonica) using ultrastructural and histochemical techniques. carbohydr ... | 2011 | 21729211 |
| timing of ossification in duck, quail, and zebra finch: lntraspecific variation, heterochronies, and life history evolution. | skeletogenic heterochronies have gained much attention in comparative developmental biology. the temporal appearance of mineralized individual bones in a species - the species ossification sequence - is an excellent marker in this kind of study. several publications describe interspecific variation, but only very few detail intraspecific variation. in this study, we describe and analyze the temporal order of ossification of skeletal elements in the zebra finch, taeniopygia guttata, the japanese ... | 2011 | 21728797 |
| responses of growing japanese quails that received selenium from selenium enriched kale sprout (brassica oleracea var. alboglabra l.). | the objectives of this study were to determine the effect of selenium (se) from se-enriched kale sprout (brassica oleracea var. alboglabra l.) on the performance and se concentrations in tissues of growing japanese quails. two hundred quails were divided into five treatments. each treatment consisted of four replicates and each replicate contained ten quails in a completely randomize design. the experiment was conducted for 5-áweeks. the treatments were t1, control diet; t2, control diet plus 0. ... | 2011 | 21681467 |
| histochemical detection of glycoconjugates in the inner perivitelline layer of japanese quail (coturnix japonica). | the avian inner perivitelline layer (ipvl), a homologous structure to the mammalian zona pellucida, is deposited between the granulosa cells and the oocyte cell membrane during folliculogenesis. in this glycohistochemical study, a panel of fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labelled lectins was used to characterise and localise the oligosaccharide sequences of the ipvl glycoproteins at different stages of follicular development in the quail ovary. deacetylation and sialidase digestion were also p ... | 2011 | 21843210 |
| comparative analysis of the molecular basis of photoperiodic signal transduction in vertebrates. | in temperate zones, the reproductive physiology of most vertebrates is controlled by changes in photoperiod. mechanisms for the regulation of photoperiodic gonadal responses are known to differ between mammals and birds: in mammals, melatonin is the photoperiodic signal messenger, whereas in birds, photoperiodic information is received by deep brain photoreceptors. recently, the molecular mechanism of photoperiodism has been revealed by studies on japanese quail, which exhibit a most remarkable ... | 2009 | 21665837 |
| Preparation and 4D fluorescent imaging of quail embryos. | Traditionally, our understanding of developmental biology has been based on the fixation and study of embryonic samples. Detailed microscopic scrutiny of static specimens at varying ages allowed for anatomical assessment of tissue development. The advent of confocal and two-photon excitation (2PE) microscopy enables researchers to acquire volumetric images in three dimensions (x, y, and z) plus time (t). The development of transgenic Japanese quail has provided an embryonic model system that is ... | 2011 | 22046044 |
| production of donor-derived offspring after ovarian transplantation between muscovy (cairina moschata) and pekin (anas platyrhynchos) ducks. | transplantation of ovarian tissue between different breeds of chickens or japanese quail can result in normal egg production and give rise to donor-derived offspring with a high frequency. the feasibility of interspecific ovarian transplantation was evaluated by transplanting ovarian tissue from muscovy ducks to pekin ducks just after hatch, with subsequent treatment of the recipients with an immunosuppressant. among the 8 mature pekin ducks that had received ovarian tissue from muscovy duckling ... | 2012 | 22184444 |
| Cytochrome p450 1 genes in birds: evolutionary relationships and transcription profiles in chicken and Japanese quail embryos. | Cytochrome P450 1 (CYP1) genes are biomarkers for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonists and may be involved in some of their toxic effects. CYP1s other than the CYP1As are poorly studied in birds. Here we characterize avian CYP1B and CYP1C genes and the expression of the identified CYP1 genes and AHR1, comparing basal and induced levels in chicken and quail embryos. | 2011 | 22164255 |
| Effect of feed contamination with aflatoxin B1 and administration of exogenous corticosterone on Japanese quail biochemical and immunological parameters. | Stress is the loss of homeostasis by external forces or stressors. Manipulation, transport, contamination, and other procedures involved in production could be considered stressors. Contamination is a problem commonly faced by producers in the poultry industry. Aflatoxicosis is one of the most common infections resulting from feed contaminated with Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. This study evaluated the potential effects of the combined administration of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) ... | 2012 | 22184427 |
| molecular characterization of two isoforms of zfand3 cdna from the japanese quail and the leopard gecko, and different expression patterns between testis and ovary. | zing finger an1-type domain 3 (zfand3), also known as testis expressed sequence 27 (tex27), is a gene found in the mouse testis, but its physiological function is unknown. we identified the full-length sequences of two isoforms (short and long) of zfand3 cdna from japanese quail and leopard gecko. this is the first cloning of avian and reptilian zfand3 cdna. the two isoforms are generated by alternative polyadenylation in the 3'utr and have the same orf sequences encoding identical proteins. the ... | 2011 | 21914466 |
| [pyrrolizidine alkaloids and seneciosis in farm animals. part 2: clinical signs, species-specific sensitivity, food residues, feed contamination, limit values]. | at the forefront of pyrrolizidine alkaloid (pa) poisoning is the chronic ingestion of contaminated hay, which causes liver damage resulting in an ongoing fatal liver cirrhosis or in the veno-occlusive disease in liver or lung, respectively. the symptomatology of pa-poisoning is not identical for all animal species, and also includes central nervous symptoms. in affected horses significantly elevated levels of hepatogenic serum enzymes and an increase of the retention time for bromosulfophthalein ... | 2011 | 22167081 |
| contribution of blastoderm cells to japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)-peking duck (anas platyrhynchos) chimeras. | the purpose of this study was to produce quail-duck chimeras by transferring stage x blastoderm cells and to detect the distribution of donor cells in heterogeneous embryos using pcr. four experimental groups were made by transferring different amounts of quail blastoderm cells into duck recipients. in early embryonic stages, donor cells labeled with pkh26 fluorescent dye were observed in the head, neural tube and gonads by fluorescent microscopy. a total of 194 duck recipient embryos were injec ... | 2011 | 22111627 |
| Comparative analysis of mineralocorticoid receptor expression among vocal learners (Bengalese finch and budgerigar) and non-vocal learners (quail and ring dove) has implications for the evolution of avian vocal learning. | Mineralocorticoid receptor is the receptor for corticosteroids such as corticosterone or aldosterone. Previously, we found that mineralocorticoid receptor was highly expressed in song nuclei of a songbird, Bengalese finch (Lonchura striata var. domestica). Here, to examine the relationship between mineralocorticoid receptor expression and avian vocal learning, we analyzed mineralocorticoid receptor expression in the developing brain of another vocal learner, budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) ... | 2011 | 22010640 |
| a place to hide in the home-cage decreases yolk androgen levels and offspring emotional reactivity in japanese quail. | an animal's emotional responses are the result of its cognitive appraisal of a situation. this appraisal is notably influenced by the possibility of an individual to exert control over an aversive event. although the fact that environment controllability decreases emotional responses in animals is well established, far less is known about its potential trans-generational effects. as the levels of avian yolk hormones can vary according to the mother's environment, we hypothesized that housing env ... | 2011 | 21980338 |
| 4D fluorescent imaging of embryonic quail development. | Traditionally, our understanding of developmental biology has been based on the fixation and study of embryonic samples. Detailed microscopic scrutiny of static specimens at varying ages allowed for anatomical assessment of tissue development. The advent of confocal and two-photon excitation (2PE) microscopy enables researchers to acquire volumetric images in three dimensions (x, y, and z) plus time (t). Here, we present techniques for acquisition and analysis of three-dimensional (3D) time-laps ... | 2011 | 22046043 |
| Steroid receptor coactivator 2 modulates steroid-dependent male sexual behavior and neuroplasticity in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). | Steroid receptor coactivators are necessary for efficient transcriptional regulation by ligand-bound nuclear receptors, including estrogen and androgen receptors. Steroid receptor coactivator-2 (SRC-2) modulates estrogen- and progesterone-dependent sexual behavior in female rats but its implication in the control of male sexual behavior has not been studied to our knowledge. We cloned and sequenced the complete quail SRC-2 transcript and showed by semi-quantitative PCR that SRC-2 expression is n ... | 2011 | 21854393 |
| Combined exposure of Japanese quails to cyanotoxins, Newcastle virus and lead: oxidative stress responses. | Wild birds are continually exposed to many anthropogenic and natural stressors in their habitats. Over the last decades, mass mortalities of wild birds constitute a serious problem and may possibly have more causations such as natural toxins including cyanotoxins, parasitic diseases, industrial chemicals and other anthropogenic contaminants. This study brings new knowledge on the effects of controlled exposure to multiple stressors in birds. The aim was to test the hypothesis that influence of c ... | 2011 | 21855999 |
| Validation of a disease model in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) with the use of Escherichia coli serogroup O2 isolated from a turkey. | This study established a disease model and protocol for bacterial challenge with Escherichia coli serogroup O2 strain EC317 in Japanese quail. Five groups of 10 birds each were injected subcutaneously in the breast with 200 µL of a brain-heart infusion (BHI) culture containing 1 × 10(8), 1 × 10(7), 1 × 10(6), 1 × 10(5), or 1 × 10(4) colony-forming units/mL of the test organism, which had been isolated from a turkey with cellulitis and septicemia. Birds in a 6th group were controls that received ... | 2011 | 22210992 |
| Effect of polymorphism in egg white lysozyme on muramidase and antibacterial activities as well as hatchability in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). | Lysozyme is one of the best characterized antimicrobial proteins in egg white. Three phenotypes of egg white lysozyme in Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica, (namely F, FS, and S) were observed by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The fast (F) phenotype showed faster mobility on Acid-PAGE than the slow (S) phenotype. Comparison of the coding sequences for lysozyme derived from the S and F phenotypes revealed a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at nucleotide position 115 fro ... | 2011 | 22205671 |
| gsm 900 mhz microwave radiation affects embryo development of japanese quails. | a wide range of non thermal biological effects of microwave radiation (mw) was revealed during the last decades. a number of reports showed evident hazardous effects of mw on embryo development in chicken. in this study, we aimed at elucidating the effects of mw emitted by a commercial model of gsm 900 mhz cell phone on embryo development in quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) during both short and prolonged exposure. for that, fresh fertilized eggs were irradiated during the first 38 h or 14 da ... | 2012 | 22268787 |
| characterization of bacteria of the genus staphylococcus isolated from the eggs of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the study attempted to analyse and characterize bacteria of the genus staphylococcus isolated from the surface and contents of quail eggs, taking into account their phenotypic properties, biochemical reactions, antibiotic sensitivity patterns, and pcr to test for the presence of the meca gene, which is responsible for resistance to methicillin. the study included 45 strains of the genus staphylococcus isolated from the whites, yolks and shells of table quail eggs. the results obtained indicate t ... | 2012 | 23390768 |
| aromatase expression in the brain of the ruffed grouse (bonasa umbellus) and comparisons with other galliform birds (aves, galliformes). | the enzyme aromatase is important for regulating sexual and aggressive behaviors during the reproductive season, including many aspects of courtship. in birds, aromatase is expressed at high levels in a number of different brain regions. although this expression does vary among species, the extent to which the distribution of aromatase positive cells reflects species differences in courtship and other behaviors is not well established. here, we examine the distribution of aromatase immunoreactiv ... | 2012 | 23266340 |
| [polychromatism of the egg shell in the domestic quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). 6. comparison with polychromatism in related species]. | polychromatism and pigments of five phasianides egg-shells others than japanese quail are studied. polychromatism modalities and pigments repartitions are species specific. | 2002 | 134796 |
| evidence for a daily rhythmicity in the acute release of luteinizing hormone in response to electrical stimulation in the japanese quail. | this study was undertaken to examine the effect of electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus at different times of day on luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion in male castrated quail on short days (8l:16d). the posterior hypothalamus was stimulated with square-wave pulses of 80 microa for 2 min through chronically-implanted platinum microelectrodes. stimulation was carried out on each quail at 4 (treatment a), 10 (b), or 14 h (c) after dawn. plasma lh levels were increased markedly within 2 min o ... | 2013 | 3625579 |
| properties of electroretinogram in albino and wild-type japanese quail with special regard to the c-wave. | | 2004 | 522340 |
| directional selection for growth at two ambient temperatures in coturnix coturnix japonica. | four lines of quail; random-selected, male-selected, female-selected and male- and female-selected lines, were subjected to 37 plus or minus 1-6 degrees c from 3 to 5 weeks of age while another four lines, similarly selected, were reared at room temperature (15 to 27 degrees c). selection for increased growth was practised for two generations using ten females and five males as parents in each line. a significant interaction between time and temperature was observed in the third generation proge ... | 2005 | 1111852 |
| hematologic and biochemical effects of simulated high altitude on the japanese quail. | | 2014 | 4278121 |
| the electrocardiogram of the japanese (coturnix coturnix japonica) and bobwhite (colinus virginianus) quail. | | 2014 | 4212414 |
| the effect of prolactin and cb154 on in vivo lipogenesis and enzyme patterns in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica and of photositmulation on enzyme patterns in the white-throated sparrow, zonotrichia albicollis. | | 1990 | 175996 |
| distribution and daily fluctuation of the available glucocorticoid binding sites in different areas of the quail brain. | the distribution and daily fluctuation of available glucocorticoid binding sites was studied in the brain of the quail coturnix coturnix japonica, under physiological circumstances. a high level of triamcinolone acetonide binding was observed in some limbic structures (hippocampus and archistriatum), in the nucleus medialis and lateralis posterioris hypothalami and in the cerebellar cortex. the daily fluctuation of the available glucocorticoid binding sites in the preoptic area, hippocampus, arc ... | 2013 | 3751612 |
| acute changes in plasma steroids and agonistic behavior in male japanese quail. | a systematic analysis of the acute (minutes to hours) fluctuations of plasma steroids [androstenedione (a), 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (dht), testosterone (t), corticosterone (b)] was investigated in relation to the fighting behavior displayed by experienced male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix) in short-term (2 min) dyadic encounters. plasma levels of hormones measured in competitors either 1 hr before, during, or 3 min to 6 hr following a fight related poorly to either the attacking or nona ... | 2013 | 4054584 |
| [transformation of dehydroepiandrosterone 4-c 14 by embryonal gonads of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) cultivated in vitro]. | | 2014 | 4277957 |
| the effect of tetrachlorohydroquinone on hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria in japanese quail. | female japanese quail received either hexachlorobenzene (hcb, 100 mg/kg . d) or tetrachlorohydroquinone (tchq, 175 mg/kg . d) for 10 d as a primary treatment. following this, a secondary treatment of hcb (100 mg/kg . d) or tchq (175 mg/kg . d), alone or in combination, was administered for 1, 5, 10 or 15 d. the primary hcb treatment caused elevated delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase (ala-s) activities and small increases in porphyrin concentrations. subsequent treatment of these birds with lac ... | 2014 | 3981665 |
| gonadal development and gonadotrophin secretion in the male vole (microtus agrestis) after an abrupt change in photoperiod. | male voles were reared from birth to age 28 days in 6l:18d. pairs of animals showing similar sexual development were assigned at random to 16l:8d or 6l:18d. treatments continued for a further 56 days. increase in the activity of the hypothalamo-hypophysial system occurred within 4 days of exposure to 16l:8d, as shown by significant elevation of plasma lh and fsh. pituitary lh did not increase until day 7, and pituitary fsh did not increase until day 21. after exposure to 16l:8d for 4 days, pitui ... | 2011 | 3084767 |
| dietary cadmium and enteropathy in the japanese quail: histochemical and ultrastructural studies. | | 2014 | 4140260 |
| [polychromatism of the egg shell in the domestic quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). 5. augmentation of the incidence of phenodeviants through consanguinity]. | an observation of interest is that brother-sister inbreeding appears to have increased the size of protoporphyrin spots of wild type egg-shells in japanese quail. phenodeviant theory can explain the modalities of trait segregation. | 2002 | 134795 |
| reappearance of embryonic neutral alpha-glucosidase isoenzyme in acid maltase-deficient muscle of japanese quail. | two neutral alpha-glucosidase isoenzymes were isolated from the muscle of japanese quails with late-onset acid maltase deficiency. one isoenzyme is predominantly expressed in embryonic muscle and the other in adult muscle. the time of switching from one to the other of these two neutral alpha-glucosidases was the same as in normal birds. the glycogen content in acid maltase-deficient muscle was not inversely proportional to the amount of embryonic neutral alpha-glucosidase. from the results, we ... | 2011 | 3129300 |
| effect of cyclic sound cues on sexual development in nonphotostimulated japanese quail. | the influence of cyclic ambient sound stimuli on sexual development was studied in nonphotostimulated [6 hr light:18 hr dark (16l:18d)] japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the incidence of accelerated gonadal development was reduced when ambient daily sound stimuli were attenuated by the presence of a white noise mask in the animal quarters. in a second experiment nonphotostimulated (9l:15d) male quail showed a phase-dependent testicular response to a daily 3-hr radio broadcast presente ... | 2014 | 3975196 |
| [polychromatism in eggshell or domestic quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). iv. porphyrin biosynthesis in uteri of phenotypes belonging to the dominant form]. | with the introduction of delta-aminolevulinic acid, uterin extracts, in vitro, can synthesize porphyrins (uroporphyrin, 62%; coproporphyrin, 27%; and protoporphyrin, 11%). at the stage where the uterus contains a white egg, various phenotypes in the dominant form are capable of synthesizing with the introduction of delta-aminolevulinic acid, the same quantity of porphyrins. these results are interpreted, assuming the existence of differences in the activity of the enzymes involved during the lay ... | 2002 | 126744 |
| hormonal control of female sexual behavior in the japanese quail. | four experiments were carried out to study the hormonal control of female receptivity and proceptivity in japanese quail. both aspects of reproductive behavior can be activated in a dose-dependent manner by injections of estradiol benzoate (eb). progesterone (p) given in addition to suboptimal doses of eb has little additional stimulatory effect. other aspects of the reproductive physiology such as enlargement of the cloacal diameter and growth of the oviduct also seem to be controlled primarily ... | 2013 | 3666684 |
| effects of diphenylhydantoin upon estrogen metabolism by liver microsomes of ddt-treated japanese quail. | | 2014 | 4148808 |
| influence of exogenous prostaglandin e2 and stress on circulating corticosterone concentrations in coturnix. | the effects of exogenous prostaglandin e2 (pge2) injections and stress on circulating corticosterone (b) levels in coturnix were determined. adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were subjected to one of four treatments: 1) injected with vehicle; 2) injected with pge2; 3) immobilized for 10 min, followed by vehicle injection; or, 4) immobilized for 10 min, followed by pge2 injection. injections were given intraperitoneally, and blood samples were collected by cardiac stab at 15-min p ... | 2009 | 2813251 |
| reticulocyte numbers in japanese quail chicks. | erythrocyte parameters in coturnix coturnix japonica were evaluated daily during the first 2 weeks after hatching. nadirs in total circulating erythrocyte numbers, hematocrit percentages, and hemoglobin concentrations were found during the first 5 days posthatch. reticulocytosis from 4 to 9 days posthatch ameliorated these nadirs until 12 days posthatch, when secondary nadirs appeared. erythropoiesis was indicated by reticulocytosis when hemoglobin levels decreased. reticulocyte maturation was i ... | 2010 | 2881700 |
| effects of follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone on receptors of follicle-stimulating hormone in the testis of the immature japanese quail. | | 1982 | 216607 |
| effect of lead ingestion on vitamin d3 metabolism in japanese quail. | immature female japanese quail were given either lead acetate or sodium acetate in the drinking water for 15 days. in vitro kidney production of 1, 25- and 24-25- dihydroxyvitamin d3 from tritiated 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 was measured. at all 3 dose levels of lead acetate (0.32, 3.2 and 32 mg pb/ml), in vitro kidney production of 1,25-(oh)2d3 was increased significantly compared to control levels treated with sodium acetate. lead treatment had no significant effect on plasma calcium and inorganic p ... | 1988 | 211567 |
| pesticide-induced changes in hepatic microsomal enzyme systems: further studies on the effects of 1,1,-di(p-chlorophenyl)-2-chloroethylene (ddmu) in the japanese quail. | changes in the liver resulting from the low level dietary administration of 1,1-di(p-chlorophenyl)-2-chloroethylene (ddmu),p,p'-ddt, o,p'-ddt, p,p'-ddd and p,p'-dde to japanese quail have been monitored. ddmu was exceptional in causing substantial increases in relative liver wt. and hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase after feeding at 100 ppm for 28 days. the time course of liver enzyme induction by ddmu has also been studied in japanese quail after periods of dietary administration ranging from 1--28 ... | 1989 | 209904 |
| effects of bilateral lesions of the nuclei habenulae on plasma thyroxine levels in japanese quail. | electrolytic bilateral lesions of th nuclei habenulae were made in male, adult photostimulated quail. habenular destruction led to a marked decrease in the plasma thyroxine level (40%), whereas sham operated birds did not differ from controls. this result appears to be somewhat different from those obtained in mammals and the mechanisms of habenular-thyroid interrelationships are unknown. | 1990 | 330200 |
| thyroid stimulating hormone distribution in the pars distalis of the japanese quail. | | 1992 | 1132676 |
| suppression of radioiodide accumulation by the thyroids and oocytes of japanese quail with perrhenate. | japanese quail, 50% inhibition of the 3-h accumulation of 131i occurred with 2.0 micromol kreo4, 2.2 micromol kclo4 and 13 micromol kscn for the growing oocytes, 1.7, 1.9 and 4.2 micromol for the thyroids of females and 0.20, 0.47 and 5.6 micromol for the thyroids of males. 2. kreo4 inhibition failed after 24 h in males and 36 h in females. 3. maxima at 6 h in the 131i curves for the plasma, the livers and the testes of kreo4-treated birds were attributed to retention of 131i in the plasma. | 1994 | 196716 |
| serum-free culture of japanese quail kidney cells. regulation of vitamin d metabolism. | cells obtained from male quail kidneys by digestion with collagenase and hyaluronidase were plated and maintained in a chemically defined, serum-free medium. culture dishes (35 mm) were inoculated with 1.5 . 10(6) cells which became confluent in 5 days. the cells maintained an epithelial-like morphology over the entire culture period. during a 2 h incubation the cells metabolized 25--30% of the 10 nm 25-hydroxyvitamin d-3 (25-oh-d-3) provided. seven metabolites were chromatographically separated ... | 1996 | 228748 |
| morpholigic observations on experimental atherosclerosis in sea japanese quail. | | 1997 | 179300 |
| effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on drug metabolism in japanese quail and its progeny. | pcb (dp5, 1 and 5 mg/female/day, orally for 40 days) induce microsomal hepatic enzymes (cytochrome p-450, aniline hydroxylase, aldrin epoxidase, p-nitroanisole demethylase, p-nitrophenol: udpga-transferase) in adult female japanese quail. toxicity of dinitro-o-cresol (dnoc) is reduced in treated animals. high hepatic activity occurs in young quails issued from treated females, but closely related to residue levels, normal enzyme activities are reestablished within 1 month. | 1998 | 107617 |
| serum electrophoretic investigations in a flock of japanese quail with special reference to sex dependent differences in protein profiles and to ammonium sulfate gammaglobulin precipitation. | | 2000 | 94496 |
| hematological effects of ethyl methanesulfonate, paraquat and phenylhydrazine in japanese quail. | 1. juvenile coturnix coturnix japonica males were injected intravenously with 2, 20 or 200 mg ethyl methanesulfonate (ems)/kg body wt; 0.2, 2 or 20 mg paraquat (para)/kg body wt; or 0.6, 6 or 60 mg phenylhydrazine (phz)/kg body wt; and hematologic variables were measured at 0 (non-injected), 24 and 72 hr post-injection. 2. ems, para and phz-induced hemolytic anemia began within 24 hr post-injection. 3. recovery from anemia began within 72 hr post-injection of ems or para, but phz injected quail ... | 2000 | 2894271 |
| influence of dietary calcium selenium and methylmercury on eggshell thickness in japanese quail. | a high ca, semi-purified diet promoted greater egg production with thicker shells in japanese quail hens. 7 ppm of dietary se depressed egg weights with no effect on eggshell thickness. the addition of 20 ppm of mhg to either a low or high ca diet containing se depressed both egg production and eggshell thickness. se residues of liver, kidney, and brain in se-mhg fed quail were significantly higher than in se treated quail, probably reflecting the ability of se to bind with hg. ca, an enzyme req ... | 2000 | 100155 |
| effects of different rates of inbreeding on the body weight and rate of gain of japanese quail. | 1. the effect of regular full-sib and double first cousin mating on body weight and rate of gain over six generations of japanese quail was determined. 2. the depression of characters was more pronounced in the full-sib than in the double first cousin mating system, the relative depression due to parental inbreeding and offspring inbreeding depending on the magnitude of parental effect and individual's own genotypic effect on the character. 3. the body weight and rate of gain taken at an early a ... | 2005 | 1276969 |
| tanycyte absorption affected by the hypothalamic deafferentation in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica the tanycytes of the median eminence absorbed peroxidase injected into the third ventricle. the number of tanycytes showing peroxidase reaction was greater in the posterior median eminence than in the anterior median eminence. following hypothalamic deafferentation, the tanycyte absorption was augmented both in the posterior and anterior median eminence. these findings suggest that axons of some neurons, which have inhibitory action on the tanycyte a ... | 2005 | 1201586 |
| effect of administration of sex hormones on immunoglobulin level in immature japanese quail hens. | | 2006 | 3732176 |
| modulation of aortic protein phosphorylation by benzo(a)pyrene: implications in pah-induced atherogenesis. | the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo(a)pyrene, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, and 3-methylcholanthrene has been associated with alterations in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and the development of lesions of mesenchymal origin. because phosphorylation of endogenous substrates plays a central role in the regulation of smooth muscle cell growth, the present studies were conducted to evaluate the phosphorylation pattern of medial aortic protein upon rep ... | 2006 | 1479592 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 8. a summary of correlated responses. | correlated response data accompanying 19 generations of selection for increased (hw) or decreased (lw) 4-wk bw and increased (hp) or decreased (lp) total plasma p were summarized. similarly, 11 generations of selection of sublines derived from the original lines hw and lp were also analyzed. sublines were maintained through selection of males for increased 4-wk bw and females for the respective high or low plasma p. the randombred control (rbc1) was stable for bw early in egg production, bw chan ... | 2007 | 2235825 |
| agonistic behavior and neurochemistry in grouped japanese quail. | aggressive behavior and whole brain neurochemistry were measured in stable and unstable pairs of male coturnix coturnix japonica. aggressive pecking peaked on day 5 of the daily regrouping regime and returned to a basal level on day 14. aggressive behavior was associated with increased brain norepinephrine (ne), dopamine (da), and acetylcholinesterase (ache) in unstable pairs. habituation (12-15 days) and da response to daily regrouping and inanition were inversely related in unstable and stable ... | 2007 | 2881690 |
| calcium and calmodulin levels in late embryonic and early hatched japanese quail brain. | characterizing the last phases of embryonic avian brain development are increased brain activity and increased absorption of shell calcium. the calcium-binding protein, calmodulin, regulates many activities of calcium. in neural tissue, calmodulin modulates neural transmission, and is required for the phosphorylation of synaptosomal proteins. therefore, the objective was to compare levels of brain calcium and calmodulin in the japanese quail. brain extracts from embryonic days 11, 15, hatch, and ... | 2008 | 2327289 |
| pattern formation in the epithelium of the oviduct of japanese quail. | cellular patterns of the oviduct epithelium from the japanese quail were examined during maturation. the epithelium of a juvenile bird showed a jigsaw puzzle pattern consisting of a single, undifferentiated cell type. at the start of maturation, cells were rearranged into a pattern in which the length of boundaries between goblet type gland (g-) cells and ciliated (c-) cells (g-c boundaries) were maximized. at this stage, the surface area of g-cells was much smaller, but g-cells are more than 2 ... | 2008 | 2268543 |
| myotube clusters do not bear any quantitative relation to the extent of motoneuron survival. | we conducted a quantitative study of the trochlear motoneurons and the myotube clusters in the corresponding superior oblique muscle of the japanese quail, before, during, and after the period of normally occurring motoneuron degeneration. a ratio of approximately 1:1 between myotube clusters and neurons was observed at the onset of motoneuron degeneration. the number of myotube clusters prior to neuron death was 37% greater than the number of neurons surviving after cell death. these results ar ... | 2009 | 4043300 |
| effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on porphyrin synthesis and cytochrome p-450-dependent monooxygenases in small intestine and liver of japanese quail. | the effects of acute exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) on porphyrin synthesis and cytochrome p-450-dependent monooxygenases in the small intestine and liver were studied in male japanese quail. the birds were dosed orally with the pcb mixture, aroclor 1242, or the individual pcb isomers, 2,4,2',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (2-tcb) and 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (3-tcb), and were killed 48 h later. all the pcb compounds caused a significant increase in porphyrin content and delta-aminolev ... | 2010 | 3100819 |
| aromatase activity in quail brain: correlation with aggressiveness. | testosterone (t) triggers aggressive behavior in males of many vertebrate species; however, the neural and hormonal basis of individual differences in the frequency or intensity of aggressive behavior is still debated. using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), a species in which individuals exhibit a wide range of aggressiveness in nature and the laboratory, together with a newly devised test procedure for quantifying aggressiveness, we recently demonstrated that aggression is estro ... | 2010 | 2909376 |
| immunocytochemical localization of the pancreatic islet cells in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | | 2010 | 2863411 |
| [study of the submicroscopic structure of striated muscles in japanese quail under conditions of stress]. | an electronmicroscopic study of striated muscles was made in japanese quail stressed by hypokinesis. during 15-day hypokinesis influencing m. gastrocnemius, small pale vacuoles were found out on some mitochondria. the process of alterations went on, and in the 15-day hypokinetic animals, alterations in myofibrils were observed besides the alterations in mitochondria. they manifested themselves by indistinct lines of actin and myosin fibers and by an uneven course of z-lines. the alterations of m ... | 2011 | 3103310 |
| induction of ovulation and oviposition in female quail with luteinizing hormone, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, or progesterone. | regularly laying female japanese quail were injected 12 or 18 hr before the next expected oviposition with 25 micrograms olh, 25 micrograms luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh), or 0.05 mg progesterone, and the subsequent oviposition was recorded and ovulation determined by autopsy 9 hr after the injection. plasma progesterone levels were measured in blood collected from a wing vein during the postinjection interval. vehicle-injected birds served as control. all treatments resulted in pr ... | 2011 | 3044919 |
| activation of the isthmo-optic neurons by the visual wulst stimulation. | the visual wulst (vw) in the avian telencephalon is thought to be an avian equivalent of the mammalian striate cortex. effects of electrical stimulation of vw were studied in the isthmo-optic nucleus (ion) of the japanese quail by extracellular recording. most ion neurons examined were activated by vw stimulation, and their response latencies ranged from 12 to 27 ms (mean +/- s.d. = 17 +/- 4 ms, n = 67). thus, this study suggested that the avian 'visual cortex' could modulate some retinal functi ... | 2012 | 3567630 |
| effect of coccidiosis on reproductive maturation of male japanese quail. | the effects of coccidiosis on reproductive development of male japanese quail were examined. male japanese quail were exposed to high (5 x 10(5) sporulated oocysts/quail) or low (5 x 10(3) sporulated oocysts/quail) doses of eimeria uzura at 16 or 30 days of age and sampled at 37 days. quail given high doses of coccidia had reduced testes weight and lowered circulating concentrations of androgen compared with control males. low doses of coccidia did not affect testes weight but did result in elev ... | 2012 | 3382378 |
| synaptic organization of the nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the nucleus dorsolateralis anterior thalami (dla) of birds is the homologue of the mammalian dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. the positions of terminals from the retina and visual wulst upon identified relay neurons in the dla were examined in japanese quail with both light and electron microscopic techniques. injection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the visual wulst showed that relay neurons projecting ipsilaterally or contralaterally were located in a rostrolateral subdivision (dlalr) ... | 2013 | 3815098 |
| cadmium in tissues of japanese quail fed oat grain grown on municipal sludge-amended soil. | oats were cultured on soil amended with municipal sewage sludge from syracuse, n.y., or on soil alone (control). the oats were fed to male and female japanese quail through four generations. the extent of absorption of cadmium by the oats and its deposition in tissues and eggs of the first and fourth generations of birds were determined. the tissue levels of cadmium found in the first (f0) generation were kidney greater than liver greater than muscle approximately equal to eggs, with the quail f ... | 2013 | 3712493 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 7. influence of genetic changes in body weight and yolk precursor on egg production. | japanese quail lines were started from a randombred control by selecting for high (hw) or low (lw) 4-week body weight and high (hp) or low (lp) total plasma phosphorus (p), a measure of yolk precursor. in the 9th generation, 2 sublines were initiated from line hw based on high (hw-hp) or low (hw-lp) level of p in females while males were continually selected for hw. a subline (lp-hw) was started from line lp in the 9th generation by selecting the males for hw while continuing to select the femal ... | 2013 | 3601848 |
| effects of different classes of pesticides on pentobarbital anesthesia and toxicity in japanese quail. | | 2014 | 4118448 |
| brain cholinesterase activity in starlings and japanese quail dosed with methiocarb. | | 2014 | 4078991 |
| [origin and ultrastructure of secretory cells of the embryonic ovary of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)]. | | 2016 | 4994406 |
| sexual-discrimination learning in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | we investigated how male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) learn through extensive social and sexual experience to discriminate between male and female conspecifics. opportunity for heterosexual copulation was important for this learning, but even extensive copulatory opportunity was not sufficient to produce a sexual discrimination; subjects also required exposure to other males. exposure to females after copulatory opportunity did not produce a sexual discrimination but facilitated i ... | 2007 | 2598621 |
| research note: open-field behavior of japanese quail chicks genetically selected for low or high plasma corticosterone response to immobilization stress. | open-field behavior was examined in japanese quail chicks genetically selected for either reduced (ls, low stress) or exaggerated (hs, high stress) plasma corticosterone response to immobilization stress. chicks of the ls line showed less freezing and ambulated sooner than did their hs counterparts. these findings suggest that exposure to an open-field or novel environment elicited less fear in ls than in hs chicks. they also support the suggestion that fearfulness and adrenocortical activation ... | 2006 | 1523189 |
| acute effect of estradiol on the renal vitamin d hydroxylases in japanese quail. | | 1982 | 216369 |