| comparative study on two freshwater invertebrates for monitoring environmental lead exposure. | two freshwater invertebrate organisms, biomphalaria glabrata and lumbriculus variegatus, were tested as potential experimental animal models to assess pb exposure using acute laboratory bioassays. since long, the enzyme delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ala-d) has been recognised as a useful biomarker of pb exposure and effect. therefore, determinations of ala-d activity were performed in the whole body soft tissues of pigmented and non-pigmented gastropods b. glabrata and in the oligochaet ... | 2005 | 15804457 |
| effects of copper sulfate toxicity on cercariae and metacercariae of echinostoma caproni and echinostoma trivolvis and on the survival of biomphalaria glabrata snails. | copper in the form of copper sulfate (cuso4) decreases the survival of biomphalaria glabrata snails, but the effects of this molluscicide on echinostoma caproni and echinostoma trivolvis, 2 species of digeneans that use b. glabrata as intermediate hosts, are not known. studies were done on the effects of various concentrations of cuso4 in artificial spring water (asw) on the survival and infectivity of e. caproni and e. trivolvis cercariae. solutions containing 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01% cuso4 were 100 ... | 2004 | 15715224 |
| characterisation of proteins differentially present in the plasma of biomphalaria glabrata susceptible or resistant to echinostoma caproni. | snail immune responses towards a trematode infection are known to rely on both plasmatic and cellular host factors. as an approach to further investigate the suspected involvement of plasmatic factors in biomphalaria glabrata resistance/susceptibility to echinostoma caproni, we compared protein patterns of plasma collected from susceptible and resistant snails. this proteomic approach revealed that 13 plasmatic proteins exhibited significant differences in their apparent representativity. the ge ... | 2005 | 15710442 |
| molluscicidal activity of synthetic lapachol amino and hydrogenated derivatives. | a series of new amino derivatives and a new partially hydrogenated derivative of the natural naphthoquinone lapachol were assayed for molluscicidal activity against biomphalaria glabrata. these derivatives showed low to medium lc(50) values, and a 3.1 microg/ml value for the most potent derivative of the series. the toxicity is in agreement with the decrease of polar character of the tested compounds. | 2005 | 15582464 |
| on generation of statoconia in gravireceptors of mollusks. | two models of development of statoconia in the statocyst of mollusks, based on the experimental data [hearing res. 49 (1990) 63; hearing res. 109 (1997) 125; hearing res. 109 (1997) 109;] are proposed. the purpose of the present work is to apply mathematical modeling to the analysis of mechanisms of statoconia formation and generation by supporting cells at the stage of their accumulation in the cyst lumen. in the case of aplysia californica, it is not clear whether there is a temporal change of ... | 2004 | 15504601 |
| effects of snail size on encystment of echinostoma caproni in juvenile biomphalaria glabrata (nmri strain) and observations on the survival of infected snails. | the effects of snail size on encystment of echinostoma caproni cercariae in neonatal and juvenile biomphalaria glabrata (nmri strain) snails were studied. encystment in neonatal (0.7-1.1 mm shell diameter) and juvenile (2-3 mm shell diameter) snails was compared 24 h post-infection (pi) following individual exposure of snails of each size to 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 cercariae. significantly more cysts were recovered from juveniles exposed to 1, 5, 10 and 50 cercariae than from neonatals with comparab ... | 2004 | 15469634 |
| comparative study of the fecundity and fertility of biomphalaria glabrata (say, 1818) and biomphalaria straminea (dunker, 1848) in a laboratory through self-fertilization and cross-fertilization. | the aim of this study was to compare the fecundity and fertility of b. glabrata and b. straminea by cross- and self-fertilization. to attain this objective, laboratory-raised strains of b. glabrata and b. straminea were used. the former originated from natural breeding grounds in the municipality paulista, state of pernambuco, brazil. the latter originated from irrigation ditches in the municipality of petrolândia, in the same state. snail populations of b. glabrata and b. straminea were maintai ... | 2006 | 15286820 |
| free-pool amino acids in biomphalaria glabrata infected with echinostoma caproni as determined by thin-layer chromatography. | thin-layer chromatography was used to analyze the free-pool amino acids of the digestive gland-gonad complex (dgg) of biomphalaria glabrata infected with echinostoma caproni and uninfected (control) snails. qualitative analysis revealed the presence of histidine, lysine, serine, alanine, valine, and isoleucine or leucine in all samples. quantitative analysis of lysine and valine gave mean weight percentages of 0.00699 +/- 0.0022 and 0.00174 +/- 0.00056, respectively, in the dgg of uninfected sna ... | 2004 | 15270123 |
| diversification of ig superfamily genes in an invertebrate. | the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata possesses a diverse family of fibrinogen-related proteins (freps), hemolymph polypeptides that consist of one or two amino-terminal immunoglobulin superfamily (igsf) domains and a carboxyl-terminal fibrinogen domain. here, we show that the igsf1 domain of the frep3 subfamily is diversified at the genomic level at higher rates than those recorded for control genes. all sequence variants are derived from a small set of nine source sequences by point mutat ... | 2004 | 15247481 |
| dominant lethal effect of 60co gamma radiation in biomphalaria glabrata (say, 1818). | the dominant lethal effects of gamma radiation of 60co in the snail biomphalaria glabrata were studied. three groups of 13 wild-type snails were irradiated with single doses of 2.5; 10 and 20 gy. crossings were carried out at intervals of 7, 17, 23, 30 and 36 days after irradiation. the dominant lethal effect was observed only at the first crossing occurring 7 days after irradiation with 2.5 gy. with 10 and 20 gy, the induction of lethal mutations was detected at 7, 17 and 23 days after irradiat ... | 2004 | 15238238 |
| use of individual polymorphism to validate potential functional markers: case of a candidate lectin (bgsel) differentially expressed in susceptible and resistant strains of biomphalaria glabrata. | bgsel has been identified in biomphalaria glabrata as a candidate adhesion molecule exhibiting both an ig-like domain and a carbohydrate recognition domain showing similarities with the l domain of c-type lectins. as susceptibility or resistance of b. glabrata to the trematode echinostoma caproni correlates with a differential hemocytic adhesive behavior, we investigated the expression of bgsel in snails selected for their susceptibility or resistance. semi-quantitative rt-pcr analysis of bgsel ... | 2004 | 15193273 |
| comparative study on the susceptibility of freshwater species to copper-based pesticides. | copper compounds have been intentionally introduced into water bodies as aquatic plant herbicides, algicides and molluscicides. copper-based fertilizers and fungicides have been widely used in agriculture as well. despite the fact that copper is an essential element for all biota, elevated concentrations of this metal have been shown to affect a variety of aquatic organisms. nonetheless, comparative studies on the susceptibility of different freshwater species to copper compounds have seldom bee ... | 2004 | 15183999 |
| effects of diet and larval trematode parasitism on lutein and beta-carotene concentrations in planorbid snails as determined by quantitative high performance reversed phase thin layer chromatography. | high performance thin layer chromatography (hptlc) was used to quantify the concentrations of beta-carotene and lutein in biomphalaria glabrata and helisoma trivolvis (colorado and pennsylvania strains) snails under various conditions. these conditions were: snails fed a lettuce (l) vs. a yolk (y) diet; b. glabrata infected with echinostoma caproni vs. uninfected snails; and h. trivolvis (pa) infected with echinostoma trivolvis vs. uninfected snails. the pigments were extracted from the snail wh ... | 2004 | 14990214 |
| saponins from swartzia langsdorffii: biological activities. | the presence of saponins and the molluscicidal activity of the roots, leaves, seeds and fruits of swartzia langsdorffii raddi (leguminosae) against biomphalaria glabrata adults and eggs were investigated. the roots, seeds and fruits were macerated in 95% ethanol. these extracts exerted a significant molluscicidal activity against b. glabrata, up to a dilution of 100 mg/l. four mixtures (a2, b2, c and d) of triterpenoid oleanane type saponins were chromatographically isolated from the seed and fr ... | 2003 | 12973543 |
| small angle x-ray scattering of the hemoglobin from biomphalaria glabrata. | the hemoglobin from biomphalaria glabrata is an extracellular respiratory protein of high molecular mass composed by subunits of 360 kda, each one containing two 180 kda chains linked by disulfide bridges. in this work, small angle x-ray scattering (saxs) measurements were performed with the hemoglobin at ph 5.0 and 7.5. radii of gyration of 98.6 +/- 0.5 and 101.8 +/- 0.2 a and maximum diameters of 300 +/- 10 and 305 +/- 10 a, respectively, were obtained from guinier plot extrapolation and analy ... | 2003 | 12879493 |
| otoliths developed in microgravity. | little is known about mechanisms that regulate the development of the otoliths in the gravity-sensing organs. several reported experiments suggest that the growth of the otoliths is adjusted to produce a test mass of the appropriate weight. if this is the case, larger than normal otoliths would be expected in animals reared in reduced gravity and a reduced mass, relative to 1-g controls, would be expected in animals reared at elevated g. in gastropod mollusks, the gravity-sensing organ is the st ... | 2000 | 12697538 |
| establishment of the dominant lethal test in the freshwater mollusk biomphalaria glabrata (say, 1818). | mutagens in the environment may represent a long-term risk for ecosystems. the reproductive potential of populations can be affected by alterations in the fecundity and offspring viability caused by germ cell mutations. despite the ecological relevance of these effects, there are few studies on germ cell mutagenicity in natural populations. biomphalaria glabrata was chosen for this study because of the scarcity of data on freshwater invertebrates and the ecological importance of this group. the ... | 2003 | 12694755 |
| model of statoconia accumulation in gravireceptors of mollusks. | the kinetics of formation and accumulation of statoconia are different for aplysia californica and biomphalaria glabrata. in aplysia californica, the fast growth of statoconia number occurs after the critical size (approximately 45 micrometers) of statocyst is reached; then the increase of statoconia number is proceeding with the nonmonotonic rate during the life of an animal. in biomphalaria the growth of statoconia number occurs only in the initial phase. then long-term evolution of statoconia ... | 2001 | 12650192 |
| population-level responses to long-term cadmium exposure in two strains of the freshwater gastropod biomphalaria glabrata: results from a life-table response experiment. | a life-table response experiment was conducted to ascertain the demographic effects of low-level cadmium exposure on two strains, bs90 and nmri, of the freshwater gastropod biomphalaria glabrata. snails were exposed to cadmium continuously from the embryonic stage through adulthood. results indicated that cadmium significantly affected a number of individual-based parameters, including %hatch, juvenile survival, and adult survival in both strains. also, fecundity and time to maturity were signif ... | 2003 | 12627658 |
| the frep gene family in the snail biomphalaria glabrata: additional members, and evidence consistent with alternative splicing and frep retrosequences. fibrinogen-related proteins. | fibrinogen-related proteins (freps) found in hemolymph of the snail biomphalara glabrata are hypothesized to be involved in non-self recognition. among 150 cloned frep cdnas examined, we have identified three additional frep members, freps 3.3, 12.1 and 13.1, bringing the total of frep subfamilies to 13. the new freps each encode two immunoglobulin superfamily domains and a fibrinogen domain. additionally, five truncated cdnas with >99% nucleotide identity in coding regions to freps 3.2, 12.1 or ... | 2003 | 12590969 |
| in vitro and in vivo encystment of the cercariae of echinostoma caproni. | in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted on the cercariae of echinostoma caproni. of the 15 media tried, 2 resulted in effective in vitro encystment in petri dish cultures maintained at 23 +/- 1 c. they were a locke's--artificial springwater (asw) (1:1) medium (67% encystment) and a biomphalaria glabrata embryonic cell line medium (23% encystment). to obtain large numbers of in vitro--formed cysts, finger bowl cultures containing 40 ml of the locke's-asw (1:1) medium were used at 23 +/- 1 c. ... | 2002 | 12537105 |
| embryonic development of the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata under microgravity conditions (sts-89 mission). | the embryonic development of the fresh-water snail biomphalaria glabrata was examined under microgravity-conditions and compared with the ground control and standard embryos, putting special emphasis on the shell formation. the process of shell formation may be particularly sensitive to the change of gravitational forces. the project aimed at determining whether the processes of mineralization during the formation of the exoskeleton in the growing snail embryo take place normally under micrograv ... | 2001 | 12365448 |
| toxicology of a potential molluscicide derived from the plant solanum xanthocarpum: a preliminary study. | a potential molluscicidal extract, obtained from the indigenous chinese plant solanum xanthocarpum (schrad. and wendl), was tested for toxicity against snails and fish in static, acute-toxicity tests. the extract had a significant effect on mature and young snails of the amphibious asian freshwater prosobranch oncomelania hupensis (gredler) and also on mature specimens of the freshwater pulmonate snails biomphalaria glabrata (say) and lymnaea stagnalis (linnaeus). the minimum dose that produced ... | 2002 | 12061979 |
| a new method for fixing biomphalaria glabrata for histologic studies, using shell perforation. | a new technique for fixation of biomphalaria glabrata for histologic studies is described. it consists in performing several external holes in the shell, before placing the entire snail into the fixative. it is a very practical and quick procedure that showed excellent results when compared to the usual techniques. | 2002 | 12016457 |
| monoamines in the albumen gland, plasma, and central nervous system of the snail biomphalaria glabrata during egg-laying. | the potential role of selected biogenic monoamines and related compounds in the reproductive physiology of the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata was investigated. extracts of the albumen gland (ag), plasma, and central nervous system (cns) were subjected to high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (hplc-ed), and under the extraction and separation conditions employed the following amines were detected: tyrosine, dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa), dopamine, and tryptoph ... | 2002 | 12020657 |
| aquatic modules for bioregenerative life support systems based on the c.e.b.a.s. biotechnology [correction of biotechnilogy]. | most concepts for bioregenerative life support systems are based on edible higher land plants which create some problems with growth and seed generation under space conditions. animal protein production is mostly neglected because of the tremendous waste management problems with tetrapods under reduced weightlessness. therefore, the "closed equilibrated biological aquatic system" (c.e.b.a.s.) was developed which represents an artificial aquatic ecosystem containing aquatic organisms which are ad ... | 2006 | 11858270 |
| [the model of statoconia distribution in the gravity receptors of shells in ontogenesis]. | based on the experimental data of wiederhold et al., analyzed was distribution of statoconia in gravireceptors of biomphalaria glabrata and aplysia californica in ontogenesis. a mathematical model of size distribution of statoconia in statocyst biomphalaria glabrata in ontogenesis has been developed. growth of statoconia in size is described as a process of crystallization from solution. hypothetically, redistribution of statoconia in ontogenesis is determined by generation of new statoconia and ... | 2001 | 11589158 |
| protein kinase c regulation of cell spreading in the molluscan biomphalaria glabrata embryonic (bge) cell line. | cellular adhesion and spreading are critical components involved in the processes of cell and tissue development, and immune responses in molluscs, but at present, little is known regarding the signaling pathways involved in these basic cellular functions. in the present study, the molluscan biomphalaria glabrata embryonic (bge) cell line was used as an in vitro model to study the signal transduction pathways regulating molluscan cell adhesion and spreading behavior. western blot analysis using ... | 2001 | 11583819 |
| the c.e.b.a.s.-minimodule: behaviour of an artificial aquatic ecological system during spaceflight. | the c.e.b.a.s.-minimodule, a closed aquatic ecosystem integrated into a middeck locker and consisting of a zoological (animal tanks), a botanical (plant bioreactor), a microbial (bacteria filter) and an electronic component (data acquisition/control system) was flown on the sts-89 spaceshuttle mission in january 1998 for 9 days. preflight the plant bioreactor was loaded with 53 g of ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) and the animal tanks with 4 adult pregnant females of the fish, xiphophorus hell ... | 2000 | 11543160 |
| an aquatic ecosystem in space. | the closed equilibrated biological aquatic system (cebas) mini-module experiment was designed to study aquatic ecosystem performance within a middeck locker on the space shuttle. cebas was flown aboard sts-89 in january 1998 with a population of four pregnant xiphophorus helleri female fish and eleven adult biomphalaria glabrata snails in the first compartment and 200 juvenile x. helleri and 48 adult and juvenile b. glabrata in the second compartment. a plant compartment contained eleven snails ... | 1999 | 11543037 |
| novel laboratory approaches to multi-purpose aquatic bioregenerative closed-loop food production systems. | based on the construction principle of the closed equilibrated biological aquatic system (c.e.b.a.s.) two novel combined animal-plant production systems were developed in laboratory scale the first of which is dedicated to mid-term operation in closed state up to two years. in principle both consist of the "classic" c.e.b.a.s. subcomponents: animal tank (zoological component), plant cultivators (botanical component), ammonia converting bacteria filter (microbial component) and data acquisition/c ... | 2013 | 11541608 |
| refractoriness of host haemocytes to parasite immunosuppressive factors as a putative resistance mechanism in the biomphalaria glabrata-echinostoma caproni system. | in contrast to the growing knowledge accumulated on plant resistance to pathogens, mechanisms of parasite resistance largely remain to be elucidated in animal species. in the present study we investigated mechanisms underlying resistance/susceptibility in the snail-trematode system biomphalaria glabrata-echinostoma caproni. in particular, we compared the effect of the parasite excretory-secretory (e-s) products on the defence functions of haemocytes from 2 susceptible and 2 resistant snail strai ... | 2001 | 11444618 |
| isolation and characterization of an alpha-macroglobulin from the gastropod mollusc helix pomatia with tetrameric structure and preserved activity after methylamine treatment. | a proteinase inhibitor with m(r) 697000 and 20.3% (w/w) carbohydrate was isolated from the haemolymph of the snail helix pomatia and characterized. it was shown to have a tetrameric structure with subunits disulphide linked by two. it inhibited the activity of several types of proteinases against large substrates but not that of trypsin against n-alpha-benzoyl-dl-arginine-4-nitroanilide. this indicated a nonspecific and steric hindrance mode of inhibition. the ratio of trypsin molecules inactiva ... | 2001 | 11342036 |
| synthesis, electrochemistry, and molluscicidal activity of nitroaromatic compounds: effects of substituents and the role of redox potential. | abstract-molluscicidal bioassays and electrochemical studies (measurement of first wave reduction potential, epcl) were performed on several synthetic nitroaromatics, in relation to possible correlation between biological activity, redox potential and structural effects. five of them presented a significant molluscicidal activity on biomphalaria glabrata (ld50 < 20 ppm). the epc1 values ranged from -0.532 to -0.857 v versus ag/agcl (0.1 m) (-0.260 to -0.585 v versus nhe), all of them, in the fav ... | 2001 | 11310601 |
| the origins, fate, and ecological significance of free amino compounds released by freshwater pulmonate snails. | the mass-specific accumulation rates (msar) of both total (tfac) and individual free amino compounds (fac) in conditioned media were measured by hplc, using the orthophthaldialdehyde (opa) methods, in the following cases: (a) laboratory-reared freshwater snails (b. glabrata) with chemosterilized shells; (b) biomphalaria glabrata with non-chemosterilized shells; (c) b. glabrata faeces; (d) isolated shells of b. glabrata; and (e) 10 other species of freshwater gastropods from the lewes brooks, eas ... | 1998 | 11253805 |
| galactan biosynthesis in snails: a comparative study of beta-(1--> 6) galactosyltransferases from helix pomatia and biomphalaria glabrata. | adult snails synthesize in their albumen glands a polysaccharide which is composed exclusively of d- or d- and l-galactose (gal) residues which are interglycosidically linked by 1 --> 3 and 1 --> 6 bonds. it is the only carbohydrate source for embryos and freshly hatched snails. two galactosyltransferases are described in this study which are most likely involved in the biosynthesis of this polysaccharide. one identified in helix pomatia acts on oligosaccharides and could be used to synthesize a ... | 2000 | 11192266 |
| neutral lipids in cercariae, encysted metacercariae, and rediae of echinostoma caproni. | high performance thin-layer chromatography (hptlc) was used to analyse the neutral lipids in the rediae, cercariae, and encysted metacercariae of echinostoma caproni from biomphalaria glabrata snails. visual observations of the chromatograms showed that the most abundant lipid fraction in all stages was free sterol. quantification of the free sterol revealed mean weights of 2.7 +/- 0.64 ng per redia, 0.53 +/- 0.023 ng per cercaria, and 0.081 +/- 0.0098 ng per encysted metacercaria. oil red o sta ... | 2000 | 11138028 |
| calcium binding constituents of the organic shell matrix from the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata. | the ca2+ binding of an edta-free water-soluble (sm) and -insoluble (im) organic matrix of the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata was investigated, using a 45ca2+ autoradiography after sds-electrophoretical separation and a calcium binding assay. electrophoresis of the sm showed a considerable amount of alcian blue and stains all positive material, regarded as glycosaminoglycans (gags) or proteoglycans (pgs). this part of the sm was slightly positive after 45ca2+ autoradiography at ph 6.8. th ... | 2000 | 11079377 |
| calcium carbonate modifications in the mineralized shell of the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata. | the mineralized shell (consisting of calcium carbonate) of the tropical freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata was investigated with high resolution synchrotron x-ray powder diffractometry and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (exafs). parts from different locations of the snail shell were taken from animals of different age grown under various keeping conditions. additionally, eggs with ages of 60, 72, 120, and 140 hours were examined. traces of aragonite were found as first crystalline phase in 12 ... | 2000 | 11073237 |
| influence of microgravity on crystal formation in biomineralization. | biomineralized tissues are widespread in animals. they are essential elements in skeletons and in statocysts. the function of both can only be understood with respect to gravitational force, which has always been present. therefore, it is not astonishing to identify microgravity as a factor influencing biomineralization, normally resulting in the reduction of biomineralized materials. all known biominerals are composite materials, in which the organic matrix and the inorganic materials, organize ... | 2000 | 11007601 |
| monoamines and their metabolites in the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata. | metabolism of the major monoamines and their functions were studied in the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata. in both juvenile and adult snails, the plasma (cell-free hemolymph) appears to act as a reservoir for most of these monoamines and their metabolites including among others, l-dopa and dopamine as major constituents. significant quantities of l-tryptophan, precursor of indoleamines, also was found in the plasma. l-dopa, serotonin, homovanillic acid and dopamine were prominently repre ... | 2000 | 10840222 |
| short-term immunoisolation of incompatible xenografts in a snail, biomphalaria glabrata. | hearts of the snails physa virgata and biomphalaria glabrata were implanted into the hemocoel of b. glabrata. implants either were microencapsulated in 2.5% agarose or were unencapsulated. unencapsulated xenografts from p. virgata underwent complete necrosis within 3 days post-implantation (dpi), whereas allografts were still alive at 7 dpi. in the case of microencapsulated implants, both allografts and xenografts were alive at 3 dpi, showing 4.8 and 14.9% pyknosis among myofiber nuclei, respect ... | 2014 | 10831789 |
| gamma (60)co dl(50/30) of biomphalaria glabrata (say, 1818). | the variation of resistance to (60)co gamma-rays of biomphalaria glabrata was studied. a population of 480 mollusks was observed during 30 days - distributed in 8 groups of snails isolated and 8 groups of snails in colonies - after exposure (30 snails per group per dose) to increasing doses of gamma radiation. doses of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 160, 320 and 640 gy from a gamma-cell (60)co irradiator, were applied to the test groups and two groups control (non-irradiated) of snails - isolated and colon ... | 2006 | 10671291 |
| molluscicidal activity of the diterpenoids jatrophone and jatropholones a and b isolated from jatropha elliptica (pohl) muell. arg. | in the search for new molluscicidal natural products, the activity of the crude ethanol extract of the rhizome of jatropha elliptica (pohl.) muell. arg. was tested. the lc(50) was 13.07 ppm. the fractionation and purification of the extract furnished jatrophone and a mixture of jatropholones a and b, as the main compounds. they were tested against the snail biomphalaria glabrata. jatrophone showed an lc(50) of 1.16 ppm as a molluscicide and an lc(50) of 1.14 ppm for the assay of egg mass, while ... | 1999 | 10594934 |
| internal defenses of the snail biomphalaria glabrata. | we describe three distinct types of cells among biomphalaria glabrata hemocytes: large cells with a tubulo-vesicular compartment, a component of the endocytic system, and with numerous mitochondria and large aggregates of glycogen particles; medium-size cells poor in organelles and glycogen; and small cells with organelles and few secretory granules. other small hemocytes can be interpreted as juvenile cells. b. glabrata hemocytes contain few enzymes and do not show specific secretory granules, ... | 1999 | 10534409 |
| in vitro culture of rediae of echinostoma caproni. | rediae of echinostoma caproni (egyptian strain) were dissected from biomphalaria glabrata snails at intervals from 13-34 days post-exposure and co-cultured for up to 51 days with cells of the b. glabrata embryonic (bge) cell line. rediae readily ingested bge cells and survived longer when co-cultured with cells than in cell-free cultures. rediae released mostly motile cercariae throughout the observation period when in bge medium and cells. rediae cultured in 199 medium with bge cells also produ ... | 1999 | 10416191 |
| oxygen binding and its allosteric control in hemoglobin of the pulmonate snail, biomphalaria glabrata. | pulmonate snails that experience extreme variations in gas tensions and temperatures possess extracellular, high-molecular mass ( approximately 1.7 x 10(6) da) hemoglobins (hbs) that are little known as regards oxygenation and allosteric characteristics. biomphalaria glabrata hemolymph exhibits a high o2 affinity (half-saturation o2 tension = 6.1 mmhg; ph 7.7, 25 degreesc), pronounced bohr effect (bohr factor = -0.5), and ph-dependent cooperativity (hill's cooperativity coefficient at half-satur ... | 1999 | 9950911 |
| effects of snail-conditioned water from biomphalaria glabrata on hatching of echinostoma caproni miracidia. | in vitro studies were done on echinostoma caproni eggs with fully developed miracidia to determine the effects of snail-conditioned water (scw) from biomphalaria glabrata on miracidial hatching in the light. observations were made on miracidial hatching at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h in multiwell chambers in the presence of scw (experimentals) versus controls in artificial spring water (asw). the number of hatched eggs was significantly greater (student's t-test, p<0.05) in scw at all times as co ... | 1999 | 9934967 |
| the myoglobin and the hemoglobin of biomphalaria glabrata, an evidence of gene duplications. | | 1998 | 9921342 |
| effects of plagiorchis elegans (digenea: plagiorchiidae) infection on the reproduction of biomphalaria glabrata (pulmonata: planorbidae). | infection with the digenean parasite plagiorchis elegans dramatically reduced the reproductive output of biomphalaria glabrata exposed to the parasite as juveniles or adults. the total number of eggs produced by infected snails was reduced to approximately 7 and 13% of control values, respectively. parasitic castration was attributed to the presence of mother sporocysts that readily established in the tissues of this incompatible host. infection did not result in the production of cercariae but ... | 1998 | 9794632 |
| heritable non-susceptibility in an allopatric host-parasite system: biomphalaria glabrata (mollusca)-echinostoma caproni (platyhelminth digenea). | we studied the heritability of adult nonsusceptibility/susceptibility in an allopatric host-parasite system, biomphalaria glabrata (brazil)-echinostoma caproni (egypt). in this system, the fitness of the infected host is substantially reduced because of castration. mean frequencies of susceptibility among progeny of individual susceptible or nonsusceptible parents were compared, and heritabilities of susceptibility and nonsusceptibility were calculated under a quantitative genetic model. a monte ... | 1998 | 9714203 |
| comparative observations on cercariae and metacercariae of echinostoma trivolvis and echinoparyphium sp. | comparative observations were made on cercariae of echinoparyphium sp. from physa gyrina in charlie's pond, stokes county, north carolina and cercariae of echinostoma trivolvis from helisoma trivolvis in northampton county, pennsylvania. the cercaria of echinoparyphium sp. has 43 collar spines, lacks penetration and paraesophageal glands, and has a conical tail without fin folds. the cercaria of e. trivolvis has 37 collar spines, penetration and paraesophageal glands, a finger-like process at th ... | 1998 | 9645871 |
| characterization of the myoglobin and its coding gene of the mollusc biomphalaria glabrata. | a cdna clone isolated from a biomphalaria glabrata (mollusca, gastropoda) neural cdna library was identified as encoding a myoglobin-like protein of 148 amino acids with a single domain and a calculated mass of 16,049.29. alignment with globin sequences with known tertiary structure confirms its overall globin nature. the expressed myoglobin was identified in the radular muscle and isolated. oxygen equilibrium measurements on the protein reveal a high oxygen affinity. val-b10 and gln-e7, importa ... | 1998 | 9593695 |
| single-species infections of echinostoma caproni cercariae in pulmonate snails and concurrent infections of e. caproni and echinostoma trivolvis cercariae in biomphalaria glabrata. | single-species infections of echinostoma caproni cercariae in various pulmonate snails showed that a higher percentage of cercariae encysted successfully in biomphalaria glabrata than in other snail species and that the percentage encystment was significantly greater in b. glabrata than in either helisoma trivolvis or lymnaea elodes. there were significant differences in cyst diameter, thickness of outer and inner cysts, and diameter of excretory concretions between e. caproni and echinostoma tr ... | 1998 | 9602380 |
| comparison of several types of allografts in biomphalaria glabrata (mollusca: pulmonata). | interpretation of prior studies on molluscan allografts is complicated by the variety of experimental methods used and recurring reports of acute rejection of digestive gland implants. in this study, allografts of adult digestive gland, saccular kidney, mantle, albumin gland, brain, ovotestis, heart, or amoebocyte-producing organ (apo) were implanted into the hemocoel of biomphalaria glabrata snails, and their histological condition at 60 days post implantation (dpi) was compared with that of pr ... | 1998 | 9446732 |
| isolation and characterization of phenoloxidase from egg masses of the gastropod mollusc, biomphalaria glabrata. | previous studies have shown that phenoloxidase activity is present in the albumen gland and egg masses of biomphalaria glabrata, and its potential role in egg formation in this snail has been proposed. in the present study, a phenoloxidase enzyme has been isolated from the supernatant of egg mass homogenates using a combination of hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration high-performance liquid chromatography (gf-hplc). the isolated phenoloxidase eluted as a single peak of activ ... | 1997 | 9440238 |
| biomphalaria glabrata: relevance of albino organisms as a useful tool for environmental lead monitoring. | | 1997 | 9323235 |
| development of the statocyst in the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata (pulmonata, basommatophora). | the development of the statocyst of the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata has been examined from embryo to adult. special emphasis was put on the growth of the statoconia in the statocysts. in the statocysts of embryonic snails (90-120 h after oviposition) there is not a single statolith but an average of 40-50 statoconia per statocyst. the number of statoconia increases to 385-400 when the snails reach a shell diameter of 4 mm and remains relatively constant thereafter, irrespective of she ... | 1997 | 9259242 |
| the structure of the statocyst of the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata (pulmonata, basommatophora). | the structure of the statocyst of the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata has been examined by light and electron microscopy. the two statocysts are located on the dorsal-lateral side of the left and right pedal ganglion. the statocysts are spherical, fluid-filled capsules with a diameter of approximately 60 microm for young and 110 microm for adult snails. the wall of the cyst is composed of large receptor cells and many smaller supporting cells. the receptor cells bear cilia which are evenl ... | 1997 | 9259241 |
| behavior of biomphalaria glabrata say, 1818 (gastropoda: planorbidae) - 1. morphophysiology of the mantle cavity. | using longitudinal and transverse anatomical sections, we observed that the three cristae of the mantle of biomphalaria glabrata (renal, rectal and dorsolateral cristae) divide the mantle cavity into three chambers which we designated air or pulmonary chamber, water inflow chamber and water outflow chamber. using videotape filming, we observed the inflow and outflow of air and water into and from the mantle cavity and we related their probable functions such as flotation, oxygen reservoir and tr ... | 2013 | 24159674 |
| nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of biomphalaria glabrata actin cdna. | the complete nucleotide sequence of biomphalaria glabrata actin has been cloned by pcr amplification and screening of a cdna library of biomphalaria glabrata. the comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with other actins suggests that a cytoskeletal form of the protein has been cloned. | 1997 | 9524815 |
| chemoattraction and penetration of echinostoma trivolvis and e. caproni cercariae in the presence of biomphalaria glabrata, helisoma trivolvis, and lymnaea elodes dialysate. | a petri-dish bioassay was used to study the chemoattraction and penetration of the cercariae of echinostoma trivolvis and e. caproni in the presence of snail dialysates from helisoma trivolvis (pennsylvania and colorado strains). biomphalaria glabrata, and lynmaea elodes. significant chemoattraction was seen with e. trivolvis cercariae in the presence of all snail dialysates released from nonperforated dialysis sacs with a molecular-weight exclusion of 12,000. under the same conditions, e. capro ... | 1997 | 9039703 |
| phenoloxidase activity in the reproductive system and egg masses of the pulmonate gastropod, biomphalaria glabrata. | phenoloxidase (po) activity in the albumen gland (ag) and egg masses (em) of biomphalaria glabrata was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrochemical detection and colorimetric techniques. both ag and em extracts catalyzed the hydroxylation of l-tyrosine (monophenol oxidase activity, mpo) and oxidation of l-dopa (diphenol oxidase activity, dpo). however, no po activity was found in the ovotestis. both mpo and dpo activities in ag and em were significantly inh ... | 1996 | 8840512 |
| studies on the sacculant portion of the kidney of biomphalaria glabrata say (1818) as a haemopoietic organ. | the term immunity signifies all those properties of the host which confer resistance to a specific infectious agent. this resistance may be of all degrees ranging from complete to incomplete susceptibility. the defensive functions is performed by various cellular and humoral components which interact with each other producing a co-ordinated immune response directed towards eliminating the pathogen or minimizing its danger. snails as other members of the animal kingdom have their own immune syste ... | 1996 | 8754649 |
| effects of restricted food intake on neutral lipid and free fatty acid levels in the digestive gland-gonad complex and faeces of biomphalaria glabrata (gastropoda). | high-performance thin-layer chromatography (hptlc) was used to determine neutral lipids and free fatty acids in the digestive gland-gonad complex (dgg) and faeces of biomphalaria glabrata. three populations of b. glabrata were given varying food intakes for one week. they were either unrestricted (lettuce ad libitum plus a weekly feeding of tetramin), restricted (15-17 mg of lettuce every two days), or starved (no food). samples were prepared by extraction in chloroform:methanol (2:1), followed ... | 2006 | 8831964 |
| the effects of extracts from tetrapleura tetraptera (taub.) and bayluscide on cells and tissue structures of biomphalaria glabrata (say). | subchronic experiments were conducted with low concentrations of saponins from tetrapleura tetraptera and bayluscide to study the ultrastructural effects of these molluscicides on biomphalaria glabrata. the ratio of the digestive cells to the crypt cells was inverted in molluscicide treated snails which showed an increase in the number of secretory cells and a decrease in the number of digestive cells. in the snail foot connective tissues, dose-dependent autolytic areas were observed. the major ... | 1996 | 8866731 |
| dna transfer in a biomphalaria glabrata embryonic cell line by dotap lipofection. | | 1996 | 8832743 |
| development, hatching, and infectivity of echinostoma caproni (trematoda) eggs, and histologic and histochemical observations on the miracidia. | light microscopy studies were done on the eggs and miracidia of the intestinal trematode echinostoma caproni. eggs were obtained by homogenizing adult worms derived from icr mice in artificial spring water (asw). to study egg development and to obtain miracidia, eggs were incubated in asw in either a light or a dark environment for 10 days at 28 degrees c. egg development was characterized and staged at 2-day intervals from day 0 to day 10 postembryonation. no significant difference in developme ... | 1996 | 8825208 |
| an invertebrate (molluscan) plasma protein that binds to vertebrate immunoglobulins and its potential for yielding false-positives in antibody-based detection systems. | commercial immunoassay kits that incorporate monoclonal antibodies are being used increasingly to screen tissues and plasma from invertebrates for the presence of antigens that are taken to be homologues of the vertebrate immunogen. we report the presence of a protein (bgl115r) in the plasma of biomphalaria glabrata that binds to immunoglobulins from a variety of vertebrates. bgl115r (ca. 230 kd non-reduced, ca. 115 kd reduced on sds-page) binds to the f(ab')2-region of murine igg. binding could ... | 2007 | 8738935 |
| egg laying in vitro of echinostoma caproni (trematoda) in nutritive and nonnutritive media. | egg laying in vitro was studied in echinostoma caproni adults placed in 10 ml of nutritive or nonnutritive media for 48 h in petri-dish cultures maintained at 37 degrees c in an atmosphere containing 7.6% co2. maximal egg laying occurred within 24 h in the defined medium rpmi 1640. egg laying was significantly greater in this medium than in mccoy's or locke's solution. eggs released into the rpmi medium were capable of producing miracidia that were infective to biomphalaria glabrata snails. frie ... | 1996 | 8738289 |
| activity of the molluscicidal plant millettia thonningii (leguminosae) toward biomphalaria glabrata eggs. | a dichloromethane extract of the seeds of the molluscicidal west african legume millettia thonningii was tested for ovicidal activity toward biomphalaria glabrata egg masses. the extract was found to be highly ovicidal at concentrations as low as 5 mg/l. embryonic development of the snails in egg masses was monitored using photomicrographs from which embryonic diameters were estimated. such measurements revealed that ovicidal effects were developmentally stage specific and normally induced a cur ... | 1995 | 7472894 |
| effects of diet on the lipid composition of the digestive gland-gonad complex of biomphalaria glabrata (gastropoda) infected with larval echinostoma caproni (trematoda). | this study examined the effects of a larval echinostoma caproni infection on the neutral lipid composition of the digestive gland-gonad complex (dgg) of biomphalaria glabrata snails fed hen's egg yolk supplemented with lettuce (y-l) or lettuce supplemented with tetramin (l-t). snails were experimentally infected with the miracidial stage of this echinostome, and their dggs containing daughter rediae were analyzed for neutral lipids five weeks post-infection by qualitative and quantitative thin-l ... | 1995 | 7749624 |
| experimental infection of juvenile biomphalaria glabrata with cercariae of echinostoma trivolvis. | infectivity studies were done on laboratory-reared biomphalaria glabrata juvenile (neonatal) snails exposed to cercariae of echinostoma trivolvis. of the 40 snails, 0.7-1.0 mm in shell diameter, which were exposed to a total of 1,000 cercariae for 24 hr, all were infected with 1-29 viable encysted metacercariae per snail. biomphalaria glabrata, 1-2 mm in shell diameter, were used to determine the effects of an infectious dose of 25 cercariae/juvenile on subsequent snail survival. the median surv ... | 1995 | 7707214 |
| current advances on the study of snail-snail interactions, with special emphasis on competition process. | field work research on population dynamic of snails from the regions of belo horizonte and lagoa santa give much information about interactions among two or more species of mollusks: pomacea haustrum, biomphalaria glabrata, b. tenagophila, b. straminea and melanoides tuberculata. data ranging from two years to several decades ago suggest that the pampulha reservoir is like a cemetery of b. glabrata and b. straminea, species that coexist for more than 14 years in a small part of a stream, whereas ... | 2006 | 8531669 |
| biosynthesis of the storage polysaccharide from the snail biomphalaria glabrata, identification and specificity of a branching beta 1-->6 galactosyltransferase. | adult snails synthesize in their albumen glands a storage polysaccharide called galactan which is utilized by the developing embryos. with [6-3h]-uridine 5'diphosphogalactose the incorporation of labelled d-galactose into the polysaccharide can be traced in freshly removed glands maintained in a bathing buffer. after centrifugation of homogenized glands, galactosyltransferase activity is only found in the insoluble fraction. chaps extracts of this material retain almost all of their activity and ... | 1995 | 7560306 |
| partial purification of an endoglucanase from biomphalaria glabrata. | previous studies have shown that biomphalaria glabrata contains a complete cellulolytic system which includes an endoglucanase, an exoglucanase and a beta-glucosidase. in the present report, a scheme for the purification of the endoglucanase from this invertebrate is proposed. two major problems were encountered during the study: 1) the presence of a green-brownish pigment, which could not be eliminated by thermal shock or ammonium sulfate precipitation and 2) relative instability of enzymatic a ... | 1994 | 7549974 |
| [molluscacidal activity of spiro-alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactone]. | the alpha-methylene-gamma-butyrolactones 1-28 were tested in vitro for molluscicidal activity against biomphalaria glabrata. the racemic compound 25 shows the best activity. the synthesis was carried out by modified reformatzky reaction of the corresponding carbonyl compounds and bromomethylacrylic acid ethyl ester. 7-10, 17 and 22-27 have been synthesized for the first time. | 1993 | 8122964 |
| heterotopic heart transplants in biomphalaria glabrata (mollusca: pulmonata). fate of congeneric xenografts. | hearts were implanted heterotopically into the hemocoel of nih albino biomphalaria glabrata from three xenogeneic donor snails, including two new world (b. obstructa, b. tenagophila) and one old world (b. alexandrina) species, as well as from wild type allogeneic donors. recipients were examined histologically at 1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 days postimplantation (pi). grafts from all four donor species were temporarily infiltrated by recipient hemocytes at early intervals pi and in mos ... | 2006 | 8299845 |
| predation of biomphalaria glabrata during the development of belostoma anurum (hemiptera, belostomatidae). | belostoma anurum was reared under laboratory conditions. specimens were exposed to semi-natural conditions of photo period. the mortality rate was 26.3% during the post embryonic period (38.6 +/- 0.7 days). during this time the average predation of biomphalaria glabrata was of 99.0 +/- 9.4 snails. the mean increment ratio of length and dry weight per instar was of 1.4 +/- 0.1 and 2.8 +/- 0.5, respectively. the predation by b. anurum adults can be divided into two different periods: phase i (4.8 ... | 2006 | 8115807 |
| cultivation of excysted metacercariae of echinostoma caproni to ovigerous adults in the allantois of the chick embryo. | chemically excysted metacercariae of echinostoma caproni inoculated into the allantois of domestic chick embryos became ovigerous in that site within 9 days postinoculation. the egg preparation technique of saville and irwin was markedly better than that of a modified zwilling procedure for obtaining large numbers of postinoculation embryos with worm infections. adults of e. caproni from the allantois were larger and became ovigerous sooner than worms grown on the chorioallantois. only worms fro ... | 1992 | 1491293 |
| calcium localization in the shell-forming tissue of the freshwater snail, biomphalaria glabrata: a comparative study of various methods for localizing calcium. | the routes calcium might take across the mantle to the shell have been investigated with various electron-microscopical techniques in the freshwater snail biomphalaria glabrata (planorbidae, basommatophora). in chemically-fixed tissue, calcium was precipitated with a tannic acid-antimonate technique in predominantly the intercellular spaces of the outer mantle epithelium and the interstitium below it. some vacuoles of the outer mantle epithelium and one type of mucus cell in the inner mantle epi ... | 1992 | 1283386 |
| the molluscicidal activity of coumarins from ethulia conyzoides and of dicumarol. | the molluscicidal principles of ethulia conyzoides were identified as ethuliacoumarin a (1) and isoethuliacoumarin a (2). ethuliacoumarin a possessed an lc90 between 19 and 23.5 ppm depending on the age of the snail against biomphalaria glabrata, and between 12 and 15 ppm against bulinus truncatus. in addition, ethuliacoumarin a was found to be cercaricidal at 25 ppm and ovicidal. ethuliacoumarin has the structural requirements considered essential for anticoagulant activity. consequently the an ... | 1992 | 1438593 |
| proteinase inhibitory activity in the plasma of a mollusc: evidence for the presence of alpha-macroglobulin in biomphalaria glabrata. | 1. a methylamine-sensitive inhibitor was present in the plasma of b. glabrata. 2. this inhibitor decreased trypsin activity against a protein substrate, however trypsin retained activity against a low molecular weight substrate in the presence of the inhibitor. 3. snail plasma protected trypsin from inhibition by soybean trypsin inhibitor. 4. the results give evidence for an alpha-macroglobulin proteinase inhibitor in the plasma of this gastropod mollusc. | 1992 | 1382916 |
| identification of putative egg-laying hormone containing neuronal systems in gastropod molluscs. | of gastropod molluscs, only in the aplysiidae and the lymnaeidae have the genes encoding the respective egg-laying hormones been cloned and the neurons controlling egg laying and egg-laying behavior been identified. immunocytochemistry, using antibodies raised against alpha-cdcp (one of the neuropeptides encoded on the egg-laying hormone gene of lymnaea stagnalis), identified neurons in various species of gastropods. in the basommatophoran snail, biomphalaria glabrata, large and small neurons we ... | 1992 | 1505734 |
| molluscicidal constituents of calophyllum from madagascar: activity of some natural and synthetic neoflavonoids and khellactones. | crude extracts of seeds, leaves and barks of four madagascan calophyllum species: c. inophyllum, c. recedens, c. chapelieri, and c. verticullatum, have been tested for molluscicidal activity against biomphalaria glabrata. all seed extracts showed significant activity. the major constituents of the most active calophyllum species were examined. some related coumarinic derivatives were synthesized in order to improve the biological activity. among the compounds prepared, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-(2-methylb ... | 1992 | 1620744 |
| the c.e.b.a.s.-aquarack project: the laboratory prototype and first results of the scientific frame program. | the paper explains the basic conception of a "closed equilibrated biological aquatic system" (c.e.b.a.s.) incorporated in a aquarack as a research tool for zoological, botanical and interdisciplinary research in space biology and describes the construction principle of laboratory prototype consisting of a modular habitat for aquatic animals a semi-biological/physical water recycling system and a computerized control unit. further on the running scientific frame program in which as well five germ ... | 1992 | 11541194 |
| lamella formation and emigration from the water by a laboratory colony of biomphalaria glabrata (say) in a flow-through system. | lamella formation and emigration from the water were investigated in juvenile biomphalaria glabrata reared at two temperatures in aquaria with a constant water flow. most snails (97.4%) reared at the lower temperature (21 degrees c) formed lamella at the shell aperture and emigrated from the water, whereas only 10.1% did so at 25 degrees c. eighty percent of emigrations at 21 degrees c occurred within a period of 15 days, 70-85 days after hatching. a comparison of the studies done so far indicat ... | 1992 | 1343803 |
| astronotus ocellatus (cichlidae:pisces) and macropodus opercularis (anabatidae:pisces) as predators of immature aedes fluviatilis (diptera:culicidae) and biomphalaria glabrata (mollusca:planorbidae). | two fish species, astronotus ocellatus (cichlidae) and macropodus opercularis (anabatidae) were tested for predacious behavior toward immature mosquitoes (aedes fluviatilis, diptera:culicidae) and schistosomiasis snail hosts (biomphalaria glabrata, mollusca:planorbidae), in the presence or absence of non-living food and in laboratory conditions. a. ocellatus, a species indigenous to brazil, was a very efficient predator of both organisms (alpha = 0.05); m. opercularis, an exotic species, preyed ... | 2006 | 1842433 |
| embryonic development of the shell in biomphalaria glabrata (say). | during embryogenesis of the fresh water snail biomphalaria glabrata (say) (pulmonata, basommatophora) shell formation has been studied by light and electron microscopical techniques. the shell field invagination (sfi), the secretion of the first shell layers, the development of the shell-forming mantle edge gland and spindle formation have been investigated. during embryonic development at 28 degrees c environmental temperature, the shell field invaginates after 35 h. after 40 h the sfi is close ... | 1991 | 1768600 |
| growth of biomphalaria glabrata populations in the presence of the ampullariid snails pila ovata, lanistes carinatus and marisa cornuarietis. | adults of three ampullariid species were examined for their ability to affect the population growth of biomphalaria glabrata (m line strain) under laboratory conditions in which food (lettuce) was supplied ad libitum over an eleven week interval. lanistes carinatus and pila ovata were obtained from kenya, and marisa cornuarietis originated from the dominican republic. the presence of either 3 or 9 l. carinatus or 3 m. cornuarietis per 40 l aquarium did not reduce the population size of b. glabra ... | 1991 | 1680280 |
| consumption of biomphalaria glabrata egg masses and juveniles by the ampullariid snails pila ovata, lanistes carinatus and marisa cornuarietis. | lanistes carinatus and pila ovata from kenya and marisa cornuarietis from the dominican republic were examined for their ability to consume egg masses and juveniles of biomphalaria glabrata (m line strain) under laboratory conditions. adults of all three ampullariid species consumed all egg masses presented to them over a five day period of observation. juvenile p. ovata consumed significantly more egg masses than juveniles of m. cornuarietis or l. carinatus. both adult and juvenile ampullariids ... | 1991 | 1678574 |
| subchronic exposure of biomphalaria glabrata eggs to aridanin and niclosamide. | treatment of 3-day-old biomphalaria glabrata eggs with aridanin caused a knock-down effect on the prehatch snails, making this group the most susceptible. the development and hatching of 0- to 1-day-old eggs could not be prevented but was prolonged by continuous exposure to aridanin (0.5-10 mg/l). prehatch snails were less susceptible than juvenile and adult snails. niclosamide (0.625-0.35 mg/l) arrested the development of b. glabrata. the results predict a poor action of aridanin as an ovicidal ... | 1991 | 2023429 |
| the galactan-degrading enzymes in the snail biomphalaria glabrata. | 1. embryonic snails incorporate from the perivitelline fluid in which they are embedded a polysaccharide, called galactan, which is composed entirely of d-, or d- and l-galactose. in this investigation the p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactoside degrading enzyme of biomphalaria glabrata which was assumed to be involved in the degradation of the galactans was purified almost to homogeneity and its specificity was studied. 2. it has a mol. wt of 135,000 and is composed of two identical subunits. 3. it co ... | 1991 | 1769210 |
| reversal of dietary-induced hyperlipidemia in biomphalaria glabrata (gastropoda). | 1. to determine if dietary induced hyperlipidemia in snails could be reversed, thin-layer chromatography studies were done on lipids in the digestive gland-gonad (dgg) complex of biomphalaria glabrata fed either hen's egg yolk for 2 weeks (group a), yolk for 1 week followed by leaf lettuce for 1 week (group b), or lettuce for 2 weeks (group c). 2. the major lipid fractions in group a were triacylglycerols, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine, along with lesser amounts of sterol est ... | 1991 | 1682097 |
| molluscicidal properties of constituents from the liverwort ricciocarpos natans and of synthetic lunularic acid derivatives. | five new sesquiterpenoids, three monocyclofarnesane, and two cuparane derivatives, isolated from the liverwort ricciocarpos natans (l.) corda have been tested against biomphalaria glabrata, one of the snail vectors of schistosomiasis (bilharzia). molluscicidal activity is exhibited by four of the sesquiterpenoids with an lc100 of 11 ppm of the most toxic compound. lunularic acid, a common growth inhibitor of liverworts, and five of its synthetic derivatives have also been tested, and two derivat ... | 1990 | 2077548 |
| [molluscacide activity of piquerol a isolated from piqueria trinervia (compositae) on 8 species of pulmonate snails]. | in laboratory trials an aqueous solution of piquerol a from piqueria trinervia, collected in several regions of mexico, showed a molluscicide action on the adults of eight different pulmonates snails species: fossaria (fossaria) humilis, f. (bakerilymnaea) sp., pseudosuccinea columella and stagnicola attenuata from mexico; f. (b.) cubensis and physa cubensis from cuba; p. columella and biomphalaria glabrata from brazil; b. glabrata from puerto rico; and s. elodes from u.s.a. the solution was tes ... | 2008 | 2319950 |
| sterols in the plasma and digestive gland-gonad complex of biomphalaria glabrata snails, fed lettuce versus hen's egg yolk, as determined by glc. | 1. gas-liquid chromatography studies were done on sterols in plasma and the digestive gland-gonad (dgg) complex of biomphalaria glabrata snails fed lettuce vs hen's egg yolk. 2. the major sterols present in the dgg of both populations were cholesterol, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and desmosterol. 3. the percentage composition of cholesterol in the dgg of yolk vs lettuce fed snails was 82 and 51, respectively. 4. the elution profiles of sterols in the plasma of yolk vs lettuce fed ... | 1990 | 2225776 |
| [competitive behavior of biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria tenagophila--laboratory studies]. | observation about cohabitation among b. glabrata and b. tenagophila revealed a greater vulnerability of b. tenagophila population during the process of competition when its density was severely decreased in 12 trials, moderate in 2 trials. it was higher than b. glabrata in only one trial. some snail water chemical parameters analysed such as ph, alkalinity, conductivity and oxygen dissolved, and the viability rate of batch of eggs didn't give subsidy to explain the competition mechanism. the new ... | 1989 | 2638725 |
| effects of echinostoma caproni infection on the lipid composition of biomphalaria glabrata. | | 1989 | 2759775 |
| [preliminary study of the molluscacide properties of guayacil: a raw extract of guayacum officinale]. | this paper reports the results of a preliminary study of the mollusk-killing properties of guayacil, a raw extract of the plant guayacum officinalis, on biomphalaria glabrata. mollusks are exposed to several concentrations of the substance for periods ranging from 1, 6, and 24 hours and then were allowed to recover, according to the recommendations of the world health organization. the results indicate that guayacil has molusk-killing properties with an lc50 of 0.45 ppm and an lc90 of 0.95 ppm a ... | 2009 | 2486219 |