| the epidemiology of toxocara canis. | bred as hunter, companion and pet, the dog has a long and honourable association with man. yet the domestic dog can host a wide range of parasites - many of which can also infect humans. one of these, the ascarid nematode toxocara canis (fig. 1), is of particular interest because of retinal damage that may result from larvae becoming trapped in the eye. at the hospital for tropical diseases in london, about 20-30 patients with toxocariasis are treated annually. widespread fouling of public parks ... | 1988 | 15463080 |
| cross-reactions with ascaris suum antigens of sera from mice infected with a. suum, toxocara canis, and angiostrongylus cantonensis. | ascaris suum larval excretory-secretory (ases) antigen and larval (asla) as well as adult somatic antigen (asaa) which were thought to be possibly helpful in the diagnosis of visceral larva migrans (vlm) due to a. suum infection were investigated in the present study. serum taken from mice orally inoculated with approximately 250 embryonated eggs of a. suum or toxocara canis, or 40 third-stage larvae of angiostrongylus cantonensis were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using ... | 2004 | 15468534 |
| toxocara canis in experimentally infected pigs: migratory pattern and tissue lesions. | fifteen yorkshire female pigs were inoculated with 100,000 infective t. canis eggs. three animals were used as uninfected controls. groups of three infected pigs were euthanized by accepted methods on days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 126 p.i., respectively. larvae were recovered from all animals included in each group slaughtered on days 7 and 14 p.i.; on day 21 p.i. from two pigs, on day 28 p.i. from one, and no larvae were found on day 126 p.i. differences in the mean number of larvae per gram in lymph ... | 2004 | 15482888 |
| enhanced expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 in inflammatory cells and secretory granules in paneth cells in the small intestine of mice infected with toxocara canis. | the small intestine is the initial organ which toxocara canis larvae invade. information on intestinal pathological changes associated with transforming growth factor-beta1 (tgf-beta1) and secretory granules (sg) in paneth cells (pcs) caused by t. canis is unclear. mice orally inoculated with 250 t. canis infective eggs were evaluated by pathological and immunohistochemical assessments with a 294-day investigation. pathologically, the inflammatory reactions with or without trapped larvae in the ... | 2004 | 15490236 |
| enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitrotyrosine accumulation in experimental granulomatous hepatitis caused by toxocara canis in mice. | the involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) and nitrotyrosine (nt) in pathogenesis of toxocaral granulomatous hepatitis (tgh) in a murine host was quantitatively determined by biochemical, parasitological, pathological, and immunohistochemical assessments in a 42-week investigation. mice were sacrificed for serum collection and histological processing as well as acid-pepsin digestion of the liver in a larval recovery study. significantly increased levels of total serum no were foun ... | 2004 | 15541031 |
| [toxocariasis: under-estimated disease. report of 9 cases]. | toxocariasis or visceral larva migrans is a parasitosis due to the migration in the human organism of animal ascarid larvae. its importance is under-estimated and the reported tunisian cases are rare. we report nine cases of toxocariasis, noted between january of 2000 to march of 2002, in the laboratory of parasitology-mycology in la rabta hospital. they were six children and three adults. the clinical forms are varied: ophthalmologic form (5 cases), general syndrome (1 case), oedema (1 case) an ... | 2004 | 15552028 |
| larval recovery of toxocara canis in organs and tissues of experimentally infected rattus norvegicus. | the aim of this note was to record for the first time the recovery of toxocara canis larvae from tissues and organs of rattus norvegicus (berkenhout, 1769), wistar strain, until the 60th day after experimental infection. rats were orally infected with embryonated t. canis eggs, killed on days 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 30, and 60 after inoculation and larvae were recovered from liver, lungs, kidneys, brain, and carcass after acid digestion, showing a pattern of migration similar of that previously observe ... | 2004 | 15558175 |
| circulation of toxocara spp. in suburban and rural ecosystems in the slovak republic. | toxocara spp., the common roundworms of domestic and wild animals, are the causative agents of larval toxocarosis in humans. the migration of toxocara larvae in men causes clinical syndrome, called larva migrans visceralis or larva migrans ocularis. the objective of the present work was to investigate the prevalence of toxocarosis in dogs, red foxes (vulpes vulpes), and small mammals in the slovak republic. t. canis infection was diagnosed in 16.6% out of 145 dogs examined. young animals showed ... | 2004 | 15567594 |
| comparison of igg-elisa and igg4-elisa for toxocara serodiagnosis. | diagnosis of human toxocariasis, caused by toxocara canis or toxocara cati, normally relies on a combination of the presence of clinical signs and symptoms backed by positive serology. the use of toxocara excretory-secretory antigen (tes) in elisa assays increases the test specificity. however, in tropical countries where soil-transmitted helminths are endemic, cross-reactivity from antibodies to these intestinal parasites poses a significant limitation for toxocara serodiagnosis. to increase th ... | 2005 | 15589798 |
| seroepidemiology of toxocara canis infection among mountain aboriginal schoolchildren living in contaminated districts in eastern taiwan. | we conducted a seroepidemiological study of toxocara canis infection among mountain aboriginal schoolchildren aged 7-12 years living in contaminated districts in eastern taiwan. to detect sera igg (> or =1:64) we used a t. canis larval excretory-secretory antigen-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. a short questionnaire elicited information on the practices of raising dogs, playing with soil, eating raw vegetables, or whether the child normally washed his/her hands before eating. the overal ... | 2004 | 15598263 |
| [prevalence of infection by toxocara in schoolchildren in the community of el moján, zulia state, venezuela]. | the systemic toxocariasis or migrant larva is a helminto-zoonosis caused by the migration of nematode larvae through human tissues mainly, of the canine helminth toxocara canis, which can infect humans, especially children. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-t. canis antibodies in an infantile population. serum samples of 73 children of either sex with ages between 4 and 6 years were examined. the determination of anti-toxocara antibodies was carried out through an eli ... | 2004 | 15602901 |
| [toxocariasis: larva migrans visceralis]. | | 2004 | 15627990 |
| ecological analysis and description of the intestinal helminths present in dogs in mexico city. | the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of parasitoses in stray dogs from mexico city, as well as to describe the structure of the intestinal helminth communities present in said hosts. one hundred and twenty dog intestines were collected and dissected to evaluate their parasitic load; finding parasites in 102 dogs (85%). the cestodes collected were: dipylidium caninum in 72 dogs (60%), taenia hydatigena in three (2.5%), taenia pisiformis in two (1.6%), echinococcus gr ... | 2004 | 15631907 |
| induction of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in mice during toxocara canis larvae migration. | the relationships between inflammation in organs with toxocara canis larval migration and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9) were investigated following the infection of mice with 1,000 infective eggs. gelatinase activity was defined by gelatin zymography, optimum ph, inhibitor specificity and western blot analysis. mmp-9 activity was present in the lungs, liver, muscles, and brain during t. canis larval migration. this enzyme had a molecular weight of about 94 kda and showed maximum activity in ... | 2005 | 15645290 |
| [diagnosis and treatment of cns parasite infection with special reference to parasitic myelitis]. | the occurrence of visceral larva migrans due to ascaris suum (a. suum) and toxocara canis (t. canis) has occasionally been reported in japan, although parenchymatous involvement of the cns is extremely rare in a. suum/t. canis visceral larvae migrans. recently we experienced 7 cases with myelitis caused by visceral larva migrans due to a. suum/t. canis (parasite myelitis). the characteristics of this myelitis are: (1) sensory disturbances (lhermitte's sign, paresthesia, and hypesthesia) are pred ... | 2004 | 15651344 |
| in vitro genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of protein somatic products from helminths on donor blood lymphocytes. | protein somatic products of adult helminths hymenolepis nana and toxocara canis and secretory-excretory somatic product of trichinella spiralis larvae in vitro produced genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on donor blood lymphocytes, which manifested in accumulation of single-chain breaks, alkaline-labile sites in nuclear dna, and apoptotic cells. this effect depended on the concentration of parasitic protein products during coculturing. | 2004 | 15662464 |
| association of autoantibodies against small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snrnps) with symptomatic toxocara canis infestation. | several studies have demonstrated the occurrence of autoantibodies in the course of infestations with helminth parasites and a number of target proteins have been identified. sera from patients suffering from toxocarosis, a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm toxocara canis, and from healthy individuals were tested for autoantibodies by immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays using hep-2 cells as antigen. a considerable proportion of the sera from patients with toxocarosis-associated symp ... | 2004 | 15679629 |
| [nosology and epidemiology of human toxocarosis--the recent situation in austria]. | toxocara canis and t. cati are not only ubiquitously distributed parasites of dogs, foxes and cats, but may also infest humans, causing a great variety of symptoms and sometimes also severe diseases: the visceral larva migrans syndrome, the ocular larva migrans syndrome, covert toxocarosis, common toxocarosis, neurological toxocarosis, and some other clinical pictures (asthma bronchiale, epilepsy, rheumatoid arthritis) are considered to be induced by toxocara species. both toxocara species are a ... | 2004 | 15683037 |
| molecular cloning and partial characterization of a nematode-specific 24 kda protein from ascaris suum. | the cloning and molecular characterization of a cdna encoding ascaris suum 24 kda antigen (as24) are described. the cdna sequence consists of 853 bp with an open reading frame coding for a protein of 147 amino acids with an inferred signal peptide of 19 amino acids. the predicted molecular mass and pi were 16 kda and 8.35 respectively. the endogenous protein in adult a. suum was 24 kda with the expected pi. a search of the public databases revealed over 50% homology with proteins from filarial p ... | 2005 | 15700764 |
| [occurrence of protozoa and helminthes in faecal samples of stray dogs from itapema city, santa catarina]. | samples of feces from dogs seized by the health surveillance program of itapema city, sc, were studied. from 158 samples examined 121 (76.6%) were positive, with a prevalence of ancylostoma spp (70.9%), followed by toxocara canis (14.5%), trichuris vulpis (13.9%), isospora spp (6.3%) and dipylidium caninum (1.9%). | 2005 | 15717103 |
| prevalence of toxocariasis in northeastern brazil based on serology using recombinant toxocara canis antigen. | to evaluate the prevalence of toxocariasis in children in jaboatão dos guararapes, pernambuco in northeastern brazil, 215 serum samples were examined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using a recombinant toxocara canis antigen. in the elisa, 26 (12.1%) of 215 subjects were positive. in a dot-blot assay using 53 of 215 serum samples, the diagnostic results correlated with those obtained by the elisa. moreover, it has been confirmed that the recombinant t. canis antigen was highly sp ... | 2005 | 15728875 |
| tribendimidine: a promising, safe and broad-spectrum anthelmintic agent from china. | we review, for the first time, a 20-year chinese story of research and development pertaining to tribendimidine, a promising anthelmintic agent that is safe and exhibits a broad spectrum of activity. tribendimidine was first synthesized at the national institute of parasitic diseases in shanghai in the mid 1980s. in laboratory studies, tribendimidine showed high efficacy against nippostrongylus braziliensis in rats, necator americanus in hamsters, ancylostoma caninum and toxocara canis in dogs, ... | 2005 | 15777691 |
| in vivo inhibition of inducible nitric oxide and evaluation of the brain tissue damage induced by toxocara canis larvae in experimentally infected mice. | nitric oxide (no) is known to be produced by macrophages, endothelial cells and neurons and synthesized by an enzyme called nitric oxide synthase (nos). various effector mechanisms and infections can affect the no production. excessive amount of no will lead to biochemical reactions, which cause toxic effects. in this study the role of no has been evaluated in larval toxocarosis, which is a systemic parasite infection caused by t. canis larvae. infection was established in the balb/c mice with o ... | 2004 | 15803752 |
| a survey of environmental contamination with ascarid ova, wallingford, connecticut. | few studies have been conducted in the united states to quantify the potential risk associated with encountering zoonotic ascarid ova in the environment. in an effort to raise awareness and to better understand the risk of acquiring visceral larva migrans in south central connecticut, this environmental survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of ascarid ova (toxocara canis, toxocara cati, baylisascaris columnaris, and baylisascaris procyonis) in public areas of wallingford, connecticut, ... | 2005 | 15815147 |
| the effect of free and polyethylene glycol-liposome-entrapped albendazole on larval mobility and number in toxocara canis infected mice. | as part of our exploratory drug research on the larva migrans that causes roundworm in dogs and cats, this study was carried out to clarify the effect of free and liposome-entrapped (le) albendazole in toxocara canis infected mice. in infected mice, evaluation of mobility and number of larva were examined in detail in the brain, skeletal muscle and liver. larva mobility was evaluated by using the relative mobility (rm) value. albendazole was le as one of the drug delivery systems (ddss). polyeth ... | 2005 | 15817207 |
| following the migration of a toxocara larva in the retina by optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. | the toxocara larva is known to migrate across the retina, but the layer in which it migrates and its effect on the retina has been unknown. | 2005 | 15838735 |
| cecropin p1 and novel nematode cecropins: a bacteria-inducible antimicrobial peptide family in the nematode ascaris suum. | cecropin p1 was first identified as a mammalian antimicrobial peptide isolated from the pig intestine. much research aimed at characterizing this peptide has been reported. recently, the workers who discovered the peptide corrected their original conclusion, and confirmed that this peptide originates in fact from the pig intestinal parasitic nematode, ascaris suum. in the present study, we carried out a semi-exhaustive search for bacteria-inducible transcripts in a. suum by the cdna subtraction ... | 2005 | 15850460 |
| [clinical-epidemiological study of toxocariasis in a pediatric population]. | the variety of toxocariasis clinic manifestations and its relationship with asthma motivated this study. the aim was to study t.canis seropositivity at a public pediatric service and its association with laboratory, epidemiological and clinical factors. | 2005 | 15858673 |
| fuchs heterochromic cyclitis and ocular toxocariasis. | to report the association of fuchs heterochromic cyclitis (fhc) and ocular toxocariasis in a young adult. | 2005 | 15860302 |
| toxocara canis: impact of preweaning nutritional deprivation on the pathogenesis of pneumonia in the mouse. | the present study was conducted to better understand the immure response to toxocara canis pneumonia in mice with preweaning nutritional deprivation. breast-fed swiss mice, undernourished due to large litter size (up to 15 pups) and paired controls with only 5-8 pups were used. at 21 days old, both groups were infected with t. canis larvae. liver retinol, retinyl palmitate, and inflammatory infiltrate in lungs were compared in both groups. significantly lower levels of retinol and retinyl palmit ... | 2005 | 15885687 |
| toxocara canis: search for a potential drug amongst beta-carboline alkaloids--in vitro and mouse studies. | the goal of this study was to search for new treatments for toxocara canis using both in vitro and in vivo experiments. we specifically looked for a treatment for t. canis larva migrans, and examined beta-carboline alkaloids (17 compounds) with various structural modifications, both in in vitro and in vivo experiments. in the in vitro experiments, screening for nematocidal activity on the t. canis second stage larvae, cytotoxic activity, and immune activity in the host were undertaken. compound ... | 2005 | 15888295 |
| comparison of common fecal flotation techniques for the recovery of parasite eggs and oocysts. | a variety of procedures are available to detect parasite eggs or oocysts in feces. this study compared the efficacy of simple flotation, a commercial assay, and various centrifugation techniques and three common flotation solutions. results indicate that centrifugation consistently recovered more eggs than other methods. proper technique is critical, including ensuring that the specific gravity of the flotation solution is correct and allowing the sample to stand for a sufficient amount of time ... | 2005 | 15906267 |
| [toxocara canis encephalitis: case report]. | | 2005 | 15927312 |
| giardia intestinalis and other zoonotic parasites: prevalence in adult dogs from the southern part of mexico city. | the protozoan giardia intestinalis is a mammalian-infecting parasite. it produces diarrhoea and malabsorption in its hosts. there is growing evidence that dogs could be reservoirs and play an important role in transmission. in mexico, there are few data on the frequency of g. intestinalis. therefore, we studied the small intestine of stray dogs, euthanazed at the "culhuacan" control canine centre, towards the end of 1997 and during the summer of 1998. we microscopically analysed intestinal conte ... | 2005 | 15927399 |
| prevalence of toxocara canis, toxascaris leonina and dirofilaria immitis in dogs in chuncheon, korea (2004). | the intestines and hearts of dogs were examined for toxocara canis, toxascaris leonina, and dirofilaria immitis, after necropsy between june 26 and september 29, 2004 in chuncheon, korea. of the 662 dogs examined, 6 were infected with t. canis (0.9%), 86 with t. leonina (13.0%). fifty dogs were infected with d. immitis among 500 dogs examined (10.0%). five were co-infected with t. canis and t. leonina, and three were co-infected with t. leonina and d. immitis. the cumulative positive infection r ... | 2005 | 15951642 |
| persistent airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation in toxocara canis-infected balb/c mice. | infection with toxocara canis, the roundworm of dogs, has been associated with asthmatic manifestations. clinical symptoms such as wheezing, coughing and episodic airflow obstruction have been described for patients infected with this helminth. | 2005 | 15969676 |
| ultrasonically nebulized distilled water prevents exogenous histamine hyperreactivity in toxocara canis-infected mice. | this study examines the effect of ultrasonically nebulized distilled water inhalation on the systemic histamine hyperreactivity of toxocara canis-infected mice. | 2005 | 15973507 |
| toxocara canis in experimentally infected silver and arctic foxes. | in two experiments, thirty-six farm foxes of two species were inoculated with various doses of infective toxocara canis eggs or tissue larvae isolated from mice. in experiment i, six adult arctic foxes (alopex lagopus; 11-month old) were each inoculated with 20,000 eggs and sacrificed 100, 220, or 300 days post infection (dpi), while ten silver fox cubs (vulpes vulpes; 6-9-week old) were infected with varying doses of eggs (30-3000) and necropsied 120 dpi. in experiment ii, two groups of five cu ... | 2005 | 15986242 |
| eosinophilic meningomyelitis in toxocariasis: case report and review of the literature. | toxocariasis is a worldwide-occurring parasitic infection leading to tissue damage in various organs due to wandering toxocara larvae (visceral larva migrans). more than 40 cases of cns involvement in children and immunocompetent adults have been documented in detail to date. here, we present evidence of eosinophilic meningomyelitis in an adult without known risk factors and with positive toxocara antibody response in csf, but not in blood. toxocariasis has to remain among the differential diagn ... | 2004 | 16023542 |
| experimental ascaris-induced airway hypersensitivity in sheep: no serological evidence of association with toxocara canis infection. | | 1990 | 16031584 |
| [toxocariasis in children from a subtropical region]. | toxocariasis is present worldwide but people living in areas with sanitary deficiencies are considered at the highest risk of infection, particularly children. the aim of this work was to know clinical and immunological aspects of infantile toxocariasis in a subtropical region in argentina. for this purpose, 182 children of both sexes, 0-16 years old and with eosinophilia higher than 10%, living in resistencia city (northeast argentina) were studied. clinical examination, personal and epidemiolo ... | 2005 | 16042133 |
| a recombinant enolase from anisakis simplex is differentially recognized in natural human and mouse experimental infections. | a 1,963-bp cdna was isolated from an anisakis simplex cdna library by immunoscreening with a hyperimmune rabbit serum raised against a crude extract of a. simplex l3 larvae. the open reading frame encodes a putative protein of 436 amino acid residues, which exhibits high similarity (70-80%) to enolase molecules from various other organisms, including helminth parasites. after subcloning and expression of the a. simplex cdna in pgex-4t-3, the resulting glutathione s-transferase fusion protein, pu ... | 2006 | 16049725 |
| epidemiological aspects of visceral larva migrans in children living at são remo community, são paulo (sp), brazil. | in preparation for a study of risk factors for visceral larva migrans of children living in são remo community, são paulo (sp), brazil, fecal samples were collected from 41 dogs younger than one year of age, 338 serum samples from children ages 1-15 years and 37 soil samples, during march-june 2001. fecal and soil samples were examined for the presence of toxocara spp. eggs and serum samples were evaluated by elisa for antibodies to toxocara canis. of the fecal, serum and soil samples tested, 39 ... | 2005 | 16054301 |
| [toxocariasis--a current clinical and diagnostic problem]. | toxocariasis is zoonotic disease caused by worms toxocara canis and toxocara cati. human is its paratenic host. there are some clinical forms: visceral larva migrans, cerebral larva migrans, ocular larva migrans and covert toxocariasis. at the present time diagnostics of toxocariasis is very difficult due to polymorphism of clinical symptoms and low specificity of laboratory tests. | 2005 | 16119168 |
| environmental contamination by toxocara sp. eggs in ribeirão preto, são paulo state, brazil. | toxocariasis is a zoonosis mainly caused by toxocara canis, an intestinal nematode of dogs. man acquires the infection through accidental ingestion of viable eggs, and the toxocariasis clinical manifestations may vary from an asymptomatic infection up to the visceral larva migrans syndrome. seventy eight public squares of ribeirão preto, são paulo, brazil, including bonfim paulista district were visited aiming to evaluate the soil contamination by toxocara eggs. the squares were divided in five ... | 2005 | 16138206 |
| toxocara canis infection induces antigen-specific il-10 and ifngamma production in pregnant dogs and their puppies. | toxocara canis (t. canis) is originally a parasite of canine bitches and their pups. the pathogenicity of t. canis infection is enhanced during pregnancy and puppyhood. the aim of this study was to investigate if modification of ifngamma and il-10 secretion occurs during infection in pregnant dogs and puppies. analysis of cytokines secreted could let us hypothesize a role for il-10 and/or ifngamma in t. canis infection. we tested t. canis-specific production of ifngamma and il-10 by lymphocytes ... | 2005 | 16144718 |
| toxocara-infestations in austria: a study on the risk of infection of farmers, slaughterhouse staff, hunters and veterinarians. | a total of 585 persons from several occupational groups (farmers, slaughterhouse staff, hunters, veterinarians) exposed to toxocara infestations and 50 persons of a control group were tested for the presence of specific antibodies to the toxocara canis antigen using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a western blot. farmers showed the highest seroprevalence (44%), followed by veterinarians (27%), slaughterhouse staff (25%) and hunters (17%), whereas only 2% of the individuals of the contro ... | 2005 | 16151740 |
| sero-epidemiology of toxocara canis infection among aboriginal schoolchildren in the mountainous areas of north-eastern taiwan. | a sero-epidemiological study of toxocara canis infection was conducted among atayal schoolchildren (aged 7-12 years) residing in the mountainous areas of north-eastern taiwan. the 73 children investigated were each checked for anti-toxocara igg, in elisa based on the larval excretory-secretory antigens of t. canis larvae. a short, self-administered questionnaire was then used to collect relevant information from each subject, including data on the keeping of dogs, playing in soil, eating raw veg ... | 2005 | 16156973 |
| influence of murine toxocara canis infection on plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid eosinophil numbers and its correlation with cytokine levels. | toxocara canis is a nematode of the ascaridae family that normally parasites the small intestine of canid species. humans are accidentally infected upon ingestion of embryonated eggs, and can manifest several clinical alterations such as fever, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, respiratory symptoms, muscle pain and anorexia. in the present work, we investigated the kinetics of tissue distribution of l2 larva in lungs, liver, kidney, brain, skeletal muscle and myocardium. also, we analyzed the blood an ... | 2005 | 16168564 |
| hepatic involvement in larva migrans of toxocara canis: report of a case with pathological and radiological findings. | patients with the clinical syndrome of visceral larva migrans as a result of toxocara species, have typical lesions in the liver consisting of granulomas that contain numerous eosinophils and often charcot-leyden crystals. this syndrome is rarely taken into account in patients with cholestatic syndrome, especially when hypereosinophilic reaction is absent. we report the case of a 47-year-old immunocompetent woman who presented with abdominal pain, in whom multiple focal liver lesions were discov ... | 2006 | 16169299 |
| toxocara canis meningomyelitis. | | 2005 | 16200465 |
| use of systemic cyclosporin a in a case of severe toxocara uveitis. | the report describes the case of an adult patient presenting a severe, serologically proven, toxocara endophthalmitis, unresponsive to the common surgical and medical approach (vitrectomy, anti-parasitic treatment followed by high-dose corticosteroids). the association of oral cyclosporin a to a lower dose of prednisone was successful in achieving a long-term control of the ocular inflammation without systemic side effects. | 2006 | 16213025 |
| [prevalence of intestinal helminths in dogs from quindío province]. | intestinal helminths are pathogens for domestic animals and provide a source of potential infection for humans. | 2005 | 16276682 |
| pulmonary and myocardial manifestations due to toxocara canis infection. | we report a case of toxocara canis infection manifested by persistent eosinophilia, pulmonary nodules on ct scan, and myocardial manifestations in a 38-year-old man who was a dog trainer. toxocariasis is not common in adults and rarely affects the heart. | 2005 | 16314245 |
| postoperative cerebral abscess formation caused by toxocara canis in a meningioma cavity. | | 2006 | 16314947 |
| toxocara canis and chronic urticaria in egyptian patients. | toxocariasis is a common parasitic condition present all over the world with high seroprevalence rates even among asymptomatic individuals. recent diagnostic techniques have revealed a wider scope of clinical syndromes due to toxocariasis including dermatological disorders and particularly urticaria. the patients with chronic urticaria were enrolled for serological toxocariasis investigations. the results pointed to a possible role of t. canis in-ection in chronic urticaria patients, especially ... | 2005 | 16333893 |
| effects of temperature and humidity on the development of eggs of toxocara canis under laboratory conditions. | the influence of temperature and humidity on the survival and development of toxocara canis eggs in an in vitro model system was investigated. two soil samples were inoculated with t. canis eggs and maintained at 3% and 50% humidity and temperatures of 19-24 degrees c. nine soil samples were inoculated with t. canis eggs of which three samples were kept at 4 degrees c with humidities at 3%, 15%, and 30%; three were maintained at 21 degrees c and three more were incubated at 34 degrees c, and at ... | 2005 | 16336716 |
| prevalence, clinical features, and causes of vision loss among patients with ocular toxocariasis. | to describe the prevalence, clinical features, and causes of vision loss among patients with ocular toxocariasis seen at a uveitis referral center. | 2005 | 16340531 |
| an epidemiological study of gastrointestinal parasites of dogs from southern greater buenos aires (argentina): age, gender, breed, mixed infections, and seasonal and spatial patterns. | a total of 2193 fecal samples from owned dogs were collected during the 2003-2004 period in southern greater buenos aires, and were evaluated for the presence of intestinal parasites by a flotation-centrifugation method. the overall prevalence was 52.4%, and the 11 species found were: ancylostoma caninum (13%), isospora ohioensis complex (12%), toxocara canis (11%), trichuris vulpis (10%), sarcocystis sp. (10%), giardia duodenalis (9%), isospora canis (3%), hammondia-neospora complex (3%), dipil ... | 2006 | 16364551 |
| [toxocariasis mimicking liver tumor]. | toxocariasis is a common helminth infection that causes visceral larva migrans in humans. it has a wide and varied clinical spectrum. | 2005 | 16374393 |
| inflammatory destruction of elastic fibers in acquired cutis laxa is associated with missense alleles in the elastin and fibulin-5 genes. | cutis laxa (cl) is a condition characterized by redundant, pendulous, and inelastic skin. acquired cl has been reported in patients with inflammatory diseases. the goal of this study was to investigate whether genetic lesions predispose patients to the development of acquired cl. we report a patient who developed cl following a toxocara canis parasitism. he later had an aortic root aneurysm that required surgical correction. histological evaluation showed inflammation followed by destruction of ... | 2006 | 16374472 |
| coprological study on intestinal helminths in swiss dogs: temporal aspects of anthelminthic treatment. | coproscopic examination of 505 dogs originating from the western or central part of switzerland revealed the presence (prevalence data) of the following helminthes: toxocara canis (7.1%), hookworms (6.9%), trichuris vulpis (5.5%), toxascaris leonina (1.3%), taeniidae (1.3%), capillaria spp. (0.8%), and diphyllobothrium latum (0.4%). potential risk factors for infection were identified by a questionnaire: dogs from rural areas significantly more often had hookworms and taeniid eggs in their feces ... | 2006 | 16374614 |
| eosinophilic ascites in a patient with toxocara canis infection. a case report. | we report the case of a young female patient, admitted for a recent ascites of unknown origin. the acute onset was with colicky abdominal pain and peritoneal effusion, which led to the suspicion of perforated ulcer. a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed which showed free peritoneal fluid and normal abdominal viscera. at upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy, performed a few days later, patchy erythema in the antral region and duodenal edema were revealed. duodenal biopsies showed marked eosinophili ... | 2005 | 16400358 |
| [toxocara canis central chorioretinitis]. | this issue presents the case of a patient which presents monolateral chorioretinitis caused by toxocara canis. | 2005 | 16408670 |
| seroprevalence of toxocariasis in lebanon: a pilot study. | toxocariasis is a common helminthic infection that has a worldwide distribution. however, data from lebanon about the prevalence of this infection are non-existent. we conducted a toxocara seroprevalence study with 150 subjects attending the outpatient clinics at the american university of beirut medical center between may and june 2004. serum specimens were tested for anti-toxocara antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by western blot. multivariate analysis was performed ... | 2006 | 16426480 |
| influence of toxocara canis infection during pregnancy on offspring resistance towards re-infection. | the impact of toxocara canis infection of balb/c mice mothers on the future immune response of their offspring towards reinfection with the same parasite was studied. two groups of offspring, the first originating from the mothers infected with a single dose of 1000 toxocara canis eggs and the second from non-infected mothers, were both challenged with 500 t. canis eggs per animal at 6 weeks of age. the proportions of spleen cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes, the level of serum cytokines ifn-gamma and ... | 2006 | 16426482 |
| [pleural effusion and toxocariasis]. | | 2006 | 16426549 |
| visceral larval migrans masquerading as metastatic disease in a toddler with wilms tumor. | a 22-month-old girl with a renal mass had multiple small pulmonary nodules on ct at her initial presentation. after biopsy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a wilms tumor was resected and the pulmonary nodules were shown to have regressed on ct. follow-up imaging 4 months after initial diagnosis demonstrated multiple new liver lesions and new pulmonary nodules with peripheral eosinophilia. lung biopsy revealed granuloma formation with prominent eosinophils. the serum antibody titers for toxocara can ... | 2006 | 16432705 |
| intestinal macro- and microparasites of wolves (canis lupus l.) from north-eastern poland recovered by coprological study. | wolf scats collected during ecological studies in mazury lake district in ne poland were analysed for intestinal micro- and macroparasites. five nematode species were identified: ancylostoma caninum (ercolani, 1859), uncinaria stenocephala (railliet, 1884), trichuris vulpis (froelich, 1789), toxocara canis (werner, 1782) and toxascaris leonina (von linstow, 1902). among cestode species there were identified infections with dipylidium caninum (linnaeus, 1785). the overall helminth prevalence was ... | 2005 | 16457480 |
| survey of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in quarantined dogs in taiwan. | intestinal helminth and protozoan infection in the quarantined dogs in taiwan were examined using fecal examination between january to december, 2004. of the 376 dogs imported from 11 countries, 63 (16.8%) were found to be infected with at least one species of intestinal parasite. the parasites detected were oocysts of isospora canis and eggs of toxocara canis, trichuris vulpis and hookworms. of the 63 infected dogs, 11 were found to have a mixed infection of two different species of parasites. ... | 2006 | 16462120 |
| the prevalence and diagnostic value of toxocariasis in unknown eosinophilia. | toxocariasis is one of the causes of eosinophilia in peripheral blood and provokes eosinophilic infiltration in internal organs. extended studies on the prevalence and clinical characteristics of toxocariasis have been rare. the aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of toxocariasis in unknown eosinophilia and to analyze the efficacy of toxocara enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). we evaluated patients presenting with peripheral blood eosinophilia (>500 cells/microl or > or =10% ... | 2006 | 16463154 |
| prevalence of zoonotic agents in dogs visiting hospitalized people in ontario: implications for infection control. | visitation of hospitalized people by dogs is becoming commonplace, but little is known about the potential health risks of introducing dogs to healthcare settings. this cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence of zoonotic agents in a group of 102 visitation dogs from a variety of sources across ontario. between may and july 2004, owners were interviewed by a standardized questionnaire while dogs underwent a standardized physical examination. one specimen of faeces, hair-coat brushings and ... | 2006 | 16466831 |
| soil contamination with ascarid eggs in playgrounds in kirikkale, turkey. | contamination of soil with feline and canine ascarid eggs in eight playgrounds in kirikkale, turkey was investigated monthly from february 2003 to january 2004. dog faeces were also collected and all samples were examined using the zinc sulphate centrifugal flotation method. eggs of toxocara were observed in 5 of 8 (62.5%) of playgrounds examined and in 15.6% of 480 soil samples. the number of eggs varied from 1 to 11. eggs were observed in soil samples collected in february, march to june, augu ... | 2006 | 16469167 |
| toxocara canis infections in a pig model: immunological, haematological and blood biochemistry responses. | the immunological, haematological and enzymatic responses to the inoculation in pigs of 100,000 embryonated eggs of toxocara canis were studied. fifteen females were inoculated and three remained as controls. haematological values were analysed from day 7 p.i. until day 126 p.i. in the inoculated group, white blood cells were raised on day 14 p.i. and eosinophil values on days 7, 14, 21, 35 and 49 p.i. showing significant differences compared with controls (p < 0.05). absolute eosinophil counts ... | 2006 | 16469177 |
| a murine model for cerebral toxocariasis: characterization of host susceptibility and behaviour. | toxocara canis, the parasitic roundworm of dogs, can infect a number of paratenic hosts, such as mice and humans, due to the widespread dissemination of its ova in the environment. in these paratenic hosts, larvae have been shown to exhibit a predilection for the central nervous system, resulting in an increasing number of parasites migrating to the brain as infection progresses. in an initial experiment, we investigated the differential brain involvement of t. canis in 7 strains of inbred mice, ... | 2006 | 16476184 |
| comparative effects of milbemycin oxime-based and febantel-pyrantel embonate-based anthelmintic tablets on toxocara canis egg shedding in naturally infected pups. | the effect of two treatment programmes on egg shedding in dogs naturally infected with toxocara canis, one based on a milbemycin oxime-praziquantel-lufenuron combination (sentinel) spectrum; group 1) and the other based on a febantel-pyrantel embonate-praziquantel combination (drontal) plus; group 2), was compared in a study involving 104 suckling pups from three different kennels. the animals in group 1 were treated at a minimum milbemycin oxime dose of 0.5 mg/kg bw starting at 2 weeks of age a ... | 2006 | 16490320 |
| detection of echinococcus granulosus coproantigens in faeces from naturally infected rural domestic dogs in south eastern australia. | to investigate the occurrence of echinococcus granulosus in rural domestic dogs in farming areas around yass, new south wales, and mansfield and whitfield, victoria. | 2006 | 16498828 |
| seroprevalence of toxocara canis in sheep in wales. | antibody levels to toxocara canis l2 excretory/secretory antigens were examined by elisa in 400 serum samples from sheep in powys and gwent, wales. a positive od value was set at the mean +/-3s.d. of 45 control samples. seroprevalence increased with age. seven percent and 13% of 6-month-old sheep showed positive od values as did 16% of 10-month-old, 27% and 31% of 15-month-old and 47% of cull ewes. analysis of variance showed a significant increase in elisa od values among the seropositive sheep ... | 2006 | 16500027 |
| a case of ascaris suum visceral larva migrans diagnosed by using a. suum larval excretory-secretory (es) antigen. | a 42-y-old female presented with common cold-like symptoms. laboratory data showed mild liver dysfunction together with peripheral blood eosinophilia. she was suspected of having a helminthic infection, however parasite eggs or larvae were not detected by repeated stool examinations. eventually she transpired to have a high igg antibody titer against excretory-secretary (es) antigen of ascaris suum larvae, but not of toxocara canis larvae, suggesting that she had been suffering from visceral lar ... | 2006 | 16500788 |
| [current prevalence of toxocariasis and other intestinal parasitoses among dogs in bratislava]. | contamination of public open spaces with dog feces was monitored in five bratislava districts. only two of 459 fecal samples collected originated from cats and tested positive for toxocara cati while the remaining samples were dog feces. intestinal parasites were detected in 215 (46.8%) samples, with toxocara canis and toxocara cati being recovered from 86 (18.7%) and 2 (0.4%) samples, respectively. taenia sp., dipilidium caninum, ancylostoma sp., capillaria sp., trichuris vulpis and strongyloid ... | 2006 | 16528895 |
| predictors and markers of resistance to neurotropic nematode infection in rodent host. | parasite-mediated selection is currently believed to play an important role in life-history evolution. to assess how simple hematoserological and biochemical condition indices reflect host immunocompetence and infection resistance controlled laboratory experiments are required. we addressed these issues by infecting laboratory rats with the standard dose of embryonated eggs of a neurotropic nematode toxocara canis. urine baseline corticosterone concentrations, measured 1 week before infection, p ... | 2006 | 16538480 |
| eosinophilic infiltration in korea: idiopathic? | | 2006 | 16549949 |
| [intestinal parasites in dogs and cats with gastrointestinal symptoms in santiago, chile]. | there is an increasing importance of pet-transmitted infections, some of those are considered emerging infections. | 2006 | 16554927 |
| the cerebral form of toxocarosis in a seven-year-old patient. | introduction: toxocarosis is a consequence of human infection by toxocara canis larvae. there are symptomatic (visceral, ocular) and asymptomatic courses of toxocarosis. the cerebral form is very rare. case report: we present a seven-year-old patient who developed a cerebral form of toxocarosis. she demonstrated focal neurological symptoms (epilepsy) confirmed by neuro-imaging and histopathological examinations. a positive test for toxocarosis essentially completed the other outcomes. on the bas ... | 2006 | 16565934 |
| helminths of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in denmark. | an epidemiological study of helminths in 1040 red foxes collected from various localities in denmark during 1997-2002, revealed 21 helminth species at autopsy, including nine nematode species: capillaria plica (prevalence 80.5%), capillaria aerophila (74.1%), crenosoma vulpis (17.4%), angiostrongylus vasorum (48.6% from northern zealand (endemic area)), toxocara canis (59.4%), toxascaris leonina (0.6%), uncinaria stenocephala (68.6%), ancylostoma caninum (0.6%), and trichuris vulpis (0.5%); seve ... | 2006 | 16580775 |
| [toxocara canis -- the hazard in the sandbox?]. | | 2006 | 16604946 |
| comparison of preparation techniques of mixed samples (fungi-helminth eggs) for scanning electron microscopy by critical point drying. | we compared three preparation techniques for critical point drying of fungus paecilomyces lilacinus (thom) samson with toxocara canis (werner) johnston and taenia hydatigena linneo eggs by scanning electron microscopy. we evaluated filtration (first), centrifugation (second), and phytoplankton network (third) in critical point drying methods. the first and third methods were advantageous for t. canis eggs because they preserved the quantity and quality of samples to obtain better images definiti ... | 2006 | 16607559 |
| the high prevalence of asymptomatic toxocara infection among schoolchildren in manado, indonesia. | we performed a serological survey of toxocara canis infection in junior high school students from three districts in northern sulawesi. almost all of the 117 subjects from two rural districts near manado allowed dogs in their houses, and there was an 84.6% prevalence of t. canis infection in this group. fifty-three subjects (45.3%) had serum samples with a high titer of specific anti-toxocara antibody. by contrast, 41 students tested in one urban district showed a 12.2% prevalence. to confirm th ... | 2005 | 16610641 |
| evaluation of the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in comparison with standard elisa for the immunodiagnosis of human toxocariasis. | a dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-elisa) was standardized using excretory-secretory antigens of toxocara canis for the rapid immunodiagnosis of human toxocariasis. thirty patients with clinical signs of toxocariasis, 20 cases with other parasitic diseases, and 40 healthy subjects were tested. a total of 0.2 ng of antigen per dot, serum dilution of 1:160 and dilution conjugate of 1:1000 were found optimal. the sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 100 and 95%, respectively. com ... | 2006 | 16612511 |
| the occurrence of toxocara malaysiensis in cats in china, confirmed by sequence-based analyses of ribosomal dna. | non-isotopic polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based single-strand conformation polymorphism and sequence analyses of the second internal transcribed spacer (its-2) of nuclear ribosomal dna (rdna) were utilized to genetically characterise ascaridoids from dogs and cats from china by comparison with those from other countries. the study showed that toxocara canis, toxocara cati, and toxascaris leonina from china were genetically the same as those from other geographical origins. specimens from cats ... | 2006 | 16636846 |
| toxocara canis larvae viability after disinfectant-exposition. | the effect of three routinely used disinfectants on the embryonary development of toxocara canis eggs was evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. in the in vitro experiment, t. canis eggs were treated with the ethanol, sodium hypochlorite, and one commercial mix of benzalconium chloride and formaldehyde, and the embryonary development was assessed. after a period of 24 days incubation, ethanol was the best disinfectant because it prevented the development of the t. canis larvae 2 in the eggs, and s ... | 2006 | 16639631 |
| [comparison between coproparasitological techniques for the diagnosis of helminth eggs or protozoa oocysts in dogs]. | in this study we evaluated the frequency of enteroparasites in pet dogs and their association with age, sex and breed, as well as the efficiency of the willis-mollay, faust, sedimentation and direct exam methods. by these methods we processed 401 fecal samples. the samples were positive in the following percentages: ancylostoma spp. (53.1%), toxocara canis (20.7%), cystoisospora ohioensis (15.7%), trichuris vulpis (3.7%), dipylidium caninum (2.5%) and taenia spp. (1.0%). toxocara canis (67.3%) a ... | 2006 | 16646994 |
| canine intestinal helminths in finland: prevalence, risk factors and endoparasite control practices. | in this survey, the prevalence of canine gastrointestinal helminths in finland was investigated by coprological examination (n = 541) and possible risk factors for helminth infections in dogs were analysed. in addition, the dog owners (n = 296) completed a questionnaire about use of anthelmintics, sources of information about parasites and antiparasitic treatments and reasons for choosing the drugs. the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths was 5.9%. eggs from four different species were iden ... | 2006 | 16650936 |
| histamine modulates mast cell degranulation through an indirect mechanism in a model ige-mediated reaction. | histamine is released in inflammatory reactions and exerts an immunoregulatory function on cells present in the microenvironment. in this study, we compared the effect of histamine on degranulation of mast cells derived from animals bearing a parasitic infection with those from uninfected animals. peritoneal mast cells (pmc) were obtained 24 days after infection of wistar rats with toxocara canis. the degree of degranulation was assessed either morphologically or by measuring the release of beta ... | 2006 | 16703563 |
| pulmonary lesions associated with visceral larva migrans due to ascaris suum or toxocara canis: imaging of six cases. | objective: the objective of our study was to evaluate chest radiographic and ct findings of patients with pulmonary lesions associated with visceral larva migrans due to ascaris suum or toxocara canis. ct investigation was focused on the location, size, contour, and internal features of the lesions; migration of lesions; mediastinal lymphadenopathy; and pleural effusion. conclusion: pulmonary visceral larva migrans appears on ct as multifocal subpleural nodules with halo or ground-glass opacitie ... | 2006 | 16714661 |
| prevalence of helminthes in adult dogs in heilongjiang province, the people's republic of china. | the prevalence of helminthes in adult dogs was investigated in heilongjiang province, the people's republic of china, between 1996 and 2004. a total of 178 adult farm dogs from representative geographical locations in heilongjiang province were killed and examined for the presence of helminthes using a helminthological approach. the worms were examined, counted, and identified to species according to existing keys and descriptions. a total of 17 species of helminthes were found to infect dogs, a ... | 2006 | 16715234 |
| investigations into the prevention of prenatal and lactogenic toxocara canis infections in puppies by application of moxidectin to the pregnant dog. | aim of the investigation was to examine whether two administrations of moxidectin to pregnant dogs could prevent pre-natal and lactogenic infections of puppies with reactivated toxocara canis larvae. four pregnant beagles, infected experimentally with 20 000 embryonated eggs of t. canis, were treated subcutaneously with 1 mg moxidectin per kg body weight on days 40 and 55 of pregnancy (5-13 days before parturition). one further dam and its puppies served as untreated control. two applications of ... | 2006 | 16732879 |
| [a case of secondary retinal detachment caused by ocular toxocariasis]. | we report a case with bullous retinal detachment secondary to ocular toxocariasis. | 2006 | 16764325 |
| nephrotic syndrome as a manifestation of toxocara canis infection. | | 2006 | 16766549 |
| [uveitis caused by toxocara canis]. | the course of disease in a 64-year-old man with toxocariasis and ocular manifestations of the disease, treated at departments of ophthalmology and of infectious diseases, dr. josip bencević general hospital in slavonski brod, croatia, is presented. the patient was hospitalized for bilateral uveitis of unknown etiology. in several days, the patient developed high fever with respiratory tract involvement and hepatomegaly. worsening of the patient's general condition and laboratory findings of leuk ... | 2006 | 16802575 |