| nigrostriatal projections in the rat as demonstrated by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. ii. projection to the caudal striatum. | the distribution of nigral neurons projecting to the caudal and basal parts of the striatum was studied in 9 rats by means of the horseradish peroxidase labelling technique. labelled neurons localized in the substantia nigra pars compacta were demonstrated throughout the antero-posterior extent of the nucleus. most of them were found in the lateral half of the snc. labelled neurons localized in the substantia nigra part reticulata predominated in the caudolateral part of the snr. characteristic ... | 1992 | 1303106 |
| the peripheral course of the axons innervating the medial rectus muscle within the subarachnoid portion of the oculomotor nerve. | there is clinical evidence of topographic localisation of fibres within the oculomotor nerve. it is generally accepted that the pupillomotor fibres have a localised course within the dorsomedial periphery of the subarachnoid portion. however, the precise course of the individual groups of axons innervating each muscle has not been examined in detail. in this study the course of the axons innervating the medial rectus muscle was investigated in the subarachnoid portion of the oculomotor nerve of ... | 1992 | 1304587 |
| biocytin as a retrograde tracer in the mammalian visual system. | we have successfully used biocytin as a retrograde tracer in the mammalian visual system. retinal ganglion cells, pyramidal and stellate cortical neurons were labelled. both pressure injections and gel implants were used successfully for retrograde labelling. biocytin was detected using avidin conjugates and horseradish peroxidase histochemistry. retrograde filling with biocytin proved to be more reliable and to allow better morphological resolution than other commonly used neurotracers such as ... | 1992 | 1304945 |
| [preliminary study on the role of macrophage in processing and presenting antigens of schistosoma japonicum]. | the horseradish peroxidase labeled affinity purified mice anti-uea (urea soluble egg antigen of schistosoma japonicum) antibody was used in enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (eitb) to monitor the changes after uea being processed by m phi. the immune responsive peptides were detected in the culture supernatant and homogenate of m phi pulsed with uea in vitro (m phi+). after processing by m phi the high molecular weight uea was cleaved into low molecular weight peptides, as shown, by the r ... | 1992 | 1307272 |
| permeability-related structures in developing and mature microvessels of the chicken optic tectum. | the mode and the temporal sequence of the modifications undergone by permeability-related structures in the neural microvessels have been ultrastructurally and morphometrically investigated in optic tecta of 6, 14, and 18 incubation day (i.d.) chicken embryos and of 30 day chickens. horseradish peroxidase was utilized as a permeability marker. the endo- and exocytosis-related structures (vesicles and vacuoles) and the interendothelial junctions remarkably change during development: the density o ... | 1992 | 1307717 |
| afferent and efferent connections of the paramedian reticular nucleus in the brain stem of cats. | anatomical connections of the paramedian reticular nucleus (prn) of the caudal medulla were investigated using a bi-directional tracer, horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the followings were observed when the tracer was microinjected to prn: a. both labelled neurons and terminals were found in the areas of the mesencephalic cardioinhibitory mechanism (cim), the gigantocellular reticular nucleus (grn), the ambiguus nucleus (an) and the contralateral prn. b. only labelled terminals were demonstrated in ... | 1992 | 1308763 |
| evidence for prenatal competition among the central arbors of trigeminal primary afferent neurons. | previous studies have shown that damage to vibrissa follicles in newborn rats and mice does not alter the brainstem representations of the remaining vibrissa as demonstrated by staining for mitochondrial enzymes such as cytochrome oxidase (co) succinic dehydrogenase. this study asked whether this lack of effect might be due to the fact that the trigeminal primary afferents in rodents are already quite well developed at birth. we assessed this possibility by using co staining the evaluate pattern ... | 1992 | 1309577 |
| identifying human papillomavirus subtypes in cervical biopsies with in situ dna hybridization with biotinylated probes. | to test the utility of biotinylated dna probes against various subtypes of human papillomavirus (hpv), we performed in situ dna hybridization on routinely processed archival material from 30 patients with serial cervical biopsies including conization (group i) and a prospective group of 35 patients whose cervical biopsies showed various degrees of koilocytotic atypia and/or dysplasia (group ii). commercially available biotinylated probe cocktails against hpv types 6 and 11, 16 and 18, and 31, 35 ... | 1992 | 1311380 |
| early detection of bovine leukemia virus by using an enzyme-linked assay for polymerase chain reaction-amplified proviral dna in experimentally infected cattle. | bovine leukemia virus is the causative agent of bovine leukosis and has been described in many countries throughout the world. we describe here a sensitive and readily applicable assay for the detection of bovine leukemia proviral dna. detection relies on initial amplification of proviral dna by using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by an enzyme-linked assay (pcr-ela). amplification is carried out by using one biotinylated primer and a second primer containing the gcn4 protein binding s ... | 1992 | 1313047 |
| formation of hydroxanthommatin-derived radical in the oxidation of 3-hydroxykynurenine. | using esr, a radical (g = 2.004) was detected in the reaction mixture of 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-hky), h2o2, and horseradish peroxidase. the radical was stable and was detected even after 5 h. on hplc analysis of the reaction mixture, two radical peaks (peak-1 and peak-2) were detected using esr. the esr spectra of peak-1 and peak-2 radicals were the same and identical with that of the original radical in the reaction mixture. the retention times of peak-1 and peak-2 corresponded to those of auth ... | 1992 | 1314547 |
| development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of bovine antibodies to epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer viruses. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i.elisa) is described for detection of bovine serum antibody to epizootic hemorrhagic diseases of deer virus (ehdv). serum samples, at a dilution of 1:200, were incubated with group-specific ehdv antigens, pre-adsorbed to microtiter plates. bound antibodies were detected by a murine monoclonal antibody to bovine immunoglobulin (ig)g1 (heavy-chain specific) conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. the performance of the i.elisa in detecting antibodies ... | 1992 | 1317245 |
| lactoferrin-binding proteins in shigella flexneri. | the ability of shigella flexneri to interact with lactoferrin (lf) was examined with a 125i-labeled protein-binding assay. the percent binding of human lactoferrin (hlf) and bovine lactoferrin (blf) to 45 s. flexneri strains was 19 +/- 3 and 21 +/- 3 (mean +/- standard error of the mean), respectively. 125i-labeled hlf and blf binding to strain m90t reached an equilibrium within 2 h. unlabeled hlf and blf displaced the 125i-hlf-bacteria interaction in a dose-dependent manner. the lf-bacterium co ... | 1992 | 1319403 |
| purification and quantification of recombinant epstein-barr viral glycoproteins gp350/220 from chinese hamster ovary cells. | truncated epstein-barr virus (ebv) membrane antigen gp350/220 (ebv-ma) lacking the membrane anchor was expressed and secreted into the medium of recombinant chinese hamster ovary cells that had been cultured in plasmapur hollow-fibre modules using defined serum-free medium. the ebv-ma in the medium was concentrated by 70% (w/v) ammonium sulphate precipitation and subsequently purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using an anti-ebv-ma (ebv.0t6) monoclonal antibody (mab) column. adsorbed antig ... | 1992 | 1320046 |
| serotonin and substance p afferents to parafascicular and central medial nuclei. | potent analgesia is elicited by electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray (pag), dorsal raphe nucleus (drn) and intralaminar thalamus. horseradish peroxidase conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (hrp-wga) was stereotaxically pressure injected into the parafascicular (pf) or central medial (cm) nucleus to identify brainstem afferents to the intralaminar thalamus. wga-immunoreactive (-ir) neurons were identified in the drn, pag and lateral dorsal tegmentum (ldtg) after pf and cm injections. ma ... | 1992 | 1320263 |
| processing of vasoactive intestinal peptide and transferrin in human cancerous colonic cells. | endocytosis of vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) and of transferrin (tf) was comparatively studied in human cancerous colonic ht-29 cells. cellular depletion in potassium inhibits the internalization of vip (23%) and to a greater extent (42%) that of tf. this indicates that clathrin-coated pits are also involved, at least in part, in vip uptake. the distribution of 125i-tf- or 125i-vip-containing vesicles in sucrose gradients revealed low and high density vesicle subpopulations. the low densit ... | 1992 | 1320267 |
| in situ hybridization at light and electron microscopic levels: identification of human papillomavirus nucleic acids. | a comparison of the sensitivities of biotinylated and 32p-labelled human papillomavirus type 6b dna probes was made. slot blot hybridization results showed that the sensitivity of biotinylated probes was consistent with that of 32p-labelled, that is, 0.1 pg of pbr 322 plasmid containing 8 kbp hpv cdna. in situ hybridization using 35s-labelled probes was applied to tissue from condylomata acuminata. after autoradiography, many silver grains were seen concentrated over the superficial koilocytic n ... | 1992 | 1322521 |
| simultaneous screening of bovine sera for antibodies to bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer viruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-elisa) is described for simultaneous screening of bovine sera for detection of antibodies to bluetongue (bt) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer (ehd) viruses (v). optimal dilutions of btv and ehdv antigens were combined and allowed to absorb on to the wells of microtiter plates. appropriately diluted (1:100) bovine sera were allowed to incubate and the bound antibodies were detected by a murine monoclonal antibody (mab) to bovine immunoglob ... | 1992 | 1322614 |
| 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonists for the abortive treatment of vascular headaches block mast cell, endothelial and platelet activation within the rat dura mater after trigeminal stimulation. | antidromic stimulation of small caliber trigeminal axons causes neurogenic inflammation in the dura mater and tongue as evidenced by marked increases in mast cell activation, protein extravasation, as well as in the numbers of endothelial cytoplasmic vesicles, endothelial microvilli and platelet aggregates within ipsilateral post-capillary venules. in this report, we examined the effects of pretreatment with serotonin1 receptor agonists, dihydroergotamine (50 micrograms/kg, i.v.) and sumatriptan ... | 1992 | 1324091 |
| oxidation of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid to the phenoxazinone cinnabarinic acid by peroxyl radicals and by compound i of peroxidases or catalase. | since 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3haa), an oxidation product of tryptophan metabolism, is a powerful radical scavenger [christen, s., peterhans, e., & stocker, r. (1990) proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 87, 2506], its reaction with peroxyl radicals was investigated further. exposure to aqueous peroxyl radicals generated at constant rate under air from the thermolabile radical initiator 2,2'-azobis[2-amid-inopropane] hydrochloride (aaph) resulted in rapid consumption of 3haa with initial accumulatio ... | 1992 | 1324727 |
| sympathetic preganglionic neurons projecting to the adrenal medulla and aorticorenal ganglion in the rabbit. | the distribution of sympathetic preganglionic neurons (spn) projecting to the adrenal medulla and the aorticorenal ganglion in the rabbit was studied using a dual retrograde transport technique. the b subunit of cholera toxin (ctb) was injected into the left adrenal medulla and wheatgerm agglutinin-apo-horseradish peroxidase-7 nm gold (wga-apo-hrp-gold) was injected into the left aorticorenal ganglion. retrogradely transported ctb was detected by immunohistochemistry, while gold particles were d ... | 1992 | 1324777 |
| biosynthesis and endocytosis of lysosomal enzymes in human colon carcinoma sw 1116 cells: impaired internalization of plasma membrane-associated cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor. | the human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines sw 948, sw 1116, and sw 1222 were tested for their ability to sort and internalize lysosomal enzymes. the biosynthesis of the lysosomal enzymes cathepsin b, arylsulfatase a, and beta-hexosaminidase in these cell lines exhibits no significant differences to that in human fibroblasts. the intracellular targeting of newly synthesized hydrolases to the lysosomes relies in colon carcinoma cells on the mannose 6-phosphate receptor system. both the cation-indep ... | 1992 | 1326252 |
| 1h nmr investigation of manganese peroxidase from phanerochaete chrysosporium. a comparison with other peroxidases. | 1h nmr spectra at 200- and 600-mhz of manganese peroxidase from phanerochaete chrysosporium and of its cyanide derivative are reported. the spectrum of the native protein is very similar to that of other peroxidases. the assignment of the spectrum of the cyanide derivative has been performed through 1d noe, 2d noesy, and cosy experiments. this protein is very similar to lignin peroxidase, the only meaningful difference being the shift of h delta 2 of the proximal histidine. the spectra of the cy ... | 1992 | 1327129 |
| enzyme immunoassays for the estimation of adenosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate and guanosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate in biological fluids. | simple, rapid and sensitive competitive enzyme immunoassays for the estimation of adenosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate (camp) and guanosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate (cgmp) in human plasma and urine are described. specific antisera to each nucleotide were raised in rabbits by immunization with succinyl cyclic nucleotide--human serum albumin conjugates. for the assay, specific antibodies were incubated with a mixture of succinyl cyclic nucleotide labelled with horseradish peroxidase together wit ... | 1992 | 1328396 |
| differential effects of peripheral damage on vibrissa-related patterns in trigeminal nucleus principalis, subnucleus interpolaris, and subnucleus caudalis. | histochemistry for cytochrome oxidase reveals a vibrissa-related pattern in trigeminal nucleus principalis, subnucleus interpolaris, and the magnocellular portion of subnucleus caudalis. this pattern is apparent in late fetal animals and is disrupted by transection of the infraorbital nerve on the day of birth. we recently reported results suggesting that the cytochrome oxidase pattern reflects primary afferent-induced clustering of second order neurons in all of these nuclei. if this conclusion ... | 1992 | 1328930 |
| free radicals and excited species in the metabolism of indole-3-acetic acid and its ethyl ester by horseradish peroxidase and by neutrophils. | the peroxidative metabolization of indole-3-acetic acid, a biologically important process, has been followed by epr spectroscopy with the aim of obtaining information on the mechanism of generation of electronically excited species. the skatole-3-methylene radical detected during oxidation by horseradish peroxidase, does not appear to be involved in a major oxygen consuming process or in the generation of singlet oxygen. the chemiluminescence spectrum exhibits several maxima, which are also obse ... | 1992 | 1329121 |
| blocking elisa for distinguishing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv)-infected animals from those vaccinated with a gene-deleted marker vaccine. | a sensitive and specific blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to distinguish infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv)-infected animals from those immunized with a glycoprotein giii deletion mutant, ibrv(ng)dltkdlgiii. for this elisa, undiluted test sera are used to block the binding of an anti-ibrv giii monoclonal antibody (mabgiii)-horseradish peroxidase (hrpo) conjugate to giii antigen. tmb substrate is used for color development. negative s/n values (defined ... | 1992 | 1331160 |
| ultrastructural localization of human papilloma virus by nonradioactive in situ hybridization on tissue of human cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. | a nonradioactive in situ hybridization was developed to localize human papilloma virus (hpv) at the ultrastructural level. | 1992 | 1331611 |
| oxygen radicals in cerebral ischemia. | superoxide production was measured as the superoxide dismutase (sod)-inhibitable portion of nitro blue tetrazolium (nbt) reduction after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in anesthetized cats equipped with cranial windows. significant superoxide production was found in the early reperfusion period and continued for more than 1 h after ischemia. superoxide was not detected in control animals not subjected to ischemia, during ischemia, and at 120 min of reperfusion. after ischemia, the vasoconstrictor ... | 1992 | 1332509 |
| protein conformational perturbations affect the photoreduction of native cytochrome c peroxidase (iii) at alkaline ph. | ferric cytochrome c peroxidase (ccp) undergoes a ligation-state transition from a pentacoordinate, high-spin (5c/hs) heme to a hexacoordinate, low-spin (6c/1s) heme when titrated over a ph range of 7.30-9.70. this behavior is similar to that exhibited by the ferrous form of the enzyme. however, the photodissociation of the low-spin, axial ligand, exhibited by ferrous ccp at alkaline ph, is not observed for ferric ccp. instead, a photoinduced reduction of the ferric heme is apparent in the ph ran ... | 1992 | 1334434 |
| use of polymerase chain reaction and nonradioactive dna probes to diagnose entamoeba histolytica in clinical samples. | e. histolytica parasites in mexican children's stools were identified and typed as pathogenic or non-pathogenic using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and nonradioactive probes. pcrs were performed with primers specific for 145 base pair (bp) pathogenic or 133 bp non-pathogenic dna sequences, which are highly repeated in e. histolytica parasites with pathogenic or non-pathogenic isoenzyme patterns, respectively. dot-blotted pcr products were identified with a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated ... | 1992 | 1340314 |
| evidence for a developmentally regulated neurotrophic activity from chick retina affecting the survival of retinal ganglion cells from newborn rats. | the effect of conditioned medium from aggregates of chick embryo retinal cells was tested on the in vitro survival of retinal ganglion cells from newborn rats. ganglion cells were identified by the detection of retrogradely transported horseradish peroxidase injected bilaterally into the superior colliculus. culture medium conditioned with chick embryo retinae was tested on monolayers of rat retinal cells with plating densities ranging from 0.5 to 4 x 10(5) cells/cm2. in all cases the conditione ... | 1992 | 1342620 |
| [the localization of neurons in the nodose ganglion of the cat that innervate the rostral portion of the duodenum]. | the method of axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase was used for studying the sites of localization and morphological features of sensory neurons of the vagus nerve in the left and right ganglion nodosum innervating the rostral part of the duodenum. animals under nembutal narcosis were given 90-100 mcl of 33% solution of horseradish peroxidase ("olaine", riga rz 2.7) injected into a limited area (1 x 1 sm) of the muscular layer of the duodenum. horseradish peroxidase labelled neurons were f ... | 1992 | 1343239 |
| evidence for dorsal root projection to somatostatin-immunoreactive structures in laminae i-ii of the spinal dorsal horn. | in order to determine if somatostatin (som)-immunoreactive (i) cell bodies and processes in lamina (l) ii of the rat spinal cord receive dorsal root input, the latter were anterogradely labeled by wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). som-i structures were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. cell bodies labeled transscellularly or transsynaptically by wga-hrp and immunohistochemically for som were present in l ii. in addition, a l i cell was double labeled. these r ... | 1992 | 1347248 |
| converging gaba- and glutamate-immunoreactive axons make synaptic contact with identified hypothalamic neurosecretory neurons. | to study the neurochemical identity of axons in synaptic contact with identified hypothalamic neurosecretory neurons in rats, we combined retrograde axonal transport of a marker molecule with postembedding immunogold staining for amino acid neurotransmitters. after intravenous injections of horseradish peroxidase, neurosecretory neurons with axons in the median eminence or neurohypophysis transported the peroxidase retrogradely back to the cell body of origin. serial ultrathin sections from the ... | 1992 | 1349310 |
| immunoblot analysis of igg subclass antibody response against coxiella burnetii in balb/c mice. | balb/c mice were inoculated with live or inactivated organisms of coxiella burnetii, strain nine mile, phase i. sera collected after different time intervals were subjected to immunoblot analysis and results compared with elisa values. immunoblots were performed with different horseradish peroxidase labelled conjugates (goat anti-mouse igg1, igg2a, igg2b, igg3) and results monitored and analysed by laser densitometry. elisa analysis was performed using the same peroxidase labelled goat anti-mous ... | 1992 | 1350177 |
| corneal epithelial glycoproteins exhibit pseudomonas aeruginosa pilus binding activity. | adherence of pseudomonas aeruginosa to the cornea is a requisite step in the pathogenesis of bacteria-induced corneal disease. p. aeruginosa is capable of attaching to host epithelial cells by its pili, but there is little information regarding the epithelial receptors of this adhesin in the cornea. using nitro-cellulose blotting of polyacrylamide gels of solubilized adult mouse corneal epithelium, four major proteins (molecular weights: 38, 42, 57, and 66 kd) and several minor proteins were ide ... | 1992 | 1351476 |
| localization and soma diameter of rat gluteus medius motoneurons. | 1. retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to examine the localization and soma diameter of motoneurons innervating the deep (predominance of oxidative fibers) and superficial (predominance of non-oxidative fibers) portions of the gluteus medius muscle in rats. 2. the motoneurons innervating the deep portion were located caudally within the gluteus medius motoneuron pool and had smaller average soma diameter than that of motoneurons innervating the superficial portion. 3. these r ... | 1992 | 1351806 |
| the origin of brainstem noradrenergic and serotonergic projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn in the rat. | although it has been proposed that the locus coeruleus is the predominant, if not exclusive, brainstem origin of the noradrenergic innervation of the spinal dorsal horn, pharmacological studies argue otherwise. in this study we made localized injections of the retrograde tracer wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated to apo-horseradish peroxidase gold (wga:apohrp-au), in conjunction with immunocytochemical labeling for tyrosine hydroxylase (th) or serotonin (5-ht), to identify the brainstem source of th ... | 1992 | 1354402 |
| dopamine receptor antagonists increase markedly the quantity of retrograde transport of hrp in the rat masseteric motoneuron. | horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was injected, bilaterally, into the rat masseter muscle, subsequent to an intramuscular or intraperitoneal injection of one of five dopamine antagonists (chlorpromazine and haloperidol as the d1 and d2 receptor antagonist, sch 23390 as the specific d1 receptor antagonist, sulpiride and domperidone as the specific d2 receptor antagonist). control rats received an injection of a corresponding vehicle solution. after a survival period of 16 h, the brainstem was cut into ... | 1992 | 1355002 |
| projection from the ventrolateral medullary neurons containing tyrosine hydroxylase to the central amygdaloid nucleus in the rat. | by using a double-labeling produce of retrograde horseradish peroxidase (hrp) tracing and the immunocytochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase (th), the present study ascertained that the axonal fibers of catecholaminergic neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla projected to the central amygdaloid nucleus in the rat. the majority of double-labeled cells were observed primarily around the level of the obex. 92% of hrp retrogradely labeled cells contained th-like immunoreactive (th-ir), ... | 1992 | 1358401 |
| construction of a quadroma to alpha-endorphin/horseradish peroxidase using an actinomycin d-resistant mouse myeloma cell line. | a hybrid hybridoma (quadroma), secreting antibodies with double specificity to alpha-endorphin (alpha-ep) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp), has been produced. the bispecific antibodies constituted about 28-29% of all immunologically active igg, produced by quadroma. the quadroma was isolated by fusion of two mouse hybridomas (anti-hrp and anti-alpha-ep) with distinct phenotypes: double mutant amdr/hat(s), and wild type (amds/hatr). a novel strategy for the construction of a double-mutant was app ... | 1992 | 1358818 |
| response of oligodendrocytes to glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid in the intact mouse optic nerve. | the electrophysiological response to glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) is determined in oligodendrocytes of the isolated intact mouse optic nerve, identified by their characteristic morphology following iontophoretic injection with horseradish peroxidase (hrp). in this study, mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes are shown for the first time to respond to glutamate and gaba in situ, by a 2-3 mv depolarization. morphologically homogeneous oligodendrocytes exhibit a heterogeneous respo ... | 1992 | 1361974 |
| k-dependent inhibition in the dentate-ca3 network of guinea pig hippocampal slices. | 1. the occurrence of potassium-dependent inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (k-ipsps) in relation to burst discharges induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-ap; 30 microm) was studied in ca3, granule and hilar neurons in guinea pig hippocampal slices with the use of paired extra- and/or intracellular recording. 2. slow small (2-5 mv) and large (up to 30 mv) k-ipsps were observed in ca3, granule and in some hilar neurons during 4-ap applications in the presence of blockers for fast synaptic transmission, ... | 1992 | 1362214 |
| induction of interferon synthesis and cytotoxicity by murine peritoneal macrophages exposed to glycoprotein ligands. | thioglycollate-induced murine c57bl/6 and c3h/hen peritoneal macrophages synthesized interferon-beta (ifn-beta) in response to exposure to glycoproteins such as horseradish peroxidase (hrp) or mannosyl or fucosyl bovine serum albumin (bsaman of bsafuc, respectively), but not glucosylated or galactosylated bsa (bsaglu or bsagal, respectively). these results suggest participation of the mannosyl-fucosyl receptor (mfr) in this response. ifn synthesis was augmented by culturing macrophages in l cell ... | 1992 | 1362322 |
| direct observations of synapses between l-glutamate-immunoreactive boutons and identified spinocervical tract neurones in the spinal cord of the cat. | four spinocervical tract cells in lumbosacral spinal cords of adult cats were physiologically characterized and intracellularly labelled with horseradish peroxidase. the neurones were examined with a light microscope and reconstructed. selected regions were chosen for ultrastructural analysis. thin sections were treated to reveal the presence of l-glutamate by using the postembedding immunogold method. two antisera, which specifically recognise the presence of fixed glutamate in tissue, were use ... | 1992 | 1362431 |
| lectin staining studies on follicular atresia in house rat (rattus rattus). | topographic distribution of terminal and intercalary carbohydrate moieties were studied using horseradish peroxidase conjugated glycine max (gma), arachis hypogea (pna), lotus tetragonolobus (lta), bandirarea simplicifolia (bsa), and dolichos biflorus (dba) agglutinins. n-gal nac, alpha-d-gal, alpha-l-fuc, d-gal (beta-1-3)-d-gal nac, and alpha-beta-d gal nac linked glyco-conjugates were exposed during follicular atresia in oocyte, zona pellucida and granulosa cells. theca interna and interstitia ... | 1992 | 1365769 |
| micropatterning proteins and synthetic peptides on solid supports: a novel application for microelectronics fabrication technology. | in this paper, we describe a method for immobilizing proteins and synthesizing peptides in micrometer-dimension patterns on solid supports. microelectronics fabrication technology was adapted and used to lithographically direct the location of immobilization of proteins on appropriately derivatized surfaces. as examples, we micropatterned the protein bovine serum albumin (bsa) and the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the catalytic activity of hrp was shown to be retained after being cross-li ... | 1992 | 1368007 |
| reciprocal connections between the medial preoptic area and the midbrain periaqueductal gray in rat: a wga-hrp and pha-l study. | the midbrain periaqueductal gray (pag) participates in diverse functions such as analgesia, autonomic regulation, sexual behavior, and defense/escape responses. anatomical studies of the circuits involved in such functions have largely focused on the connections of pag with the medulla. projections to pag from forebrain structures are extensive, but their organization has received little attention. previous anatomic studies indicate that the medial preoptic area (mpo), involved in a variety of p ... | 1992 | 1371779 |
| anticonvulsant role of nigrotectal projection in the maximal electroshock model of epilepsy--ii. pathways from substantia nigra pars lateralis and adjacent peripeduncular area to the dorsal midbrain. | lesion evidence suggests that the superior colliculus is essential for mediating the anticonvulsant properties of nigral suppression in the electroshock model of epilepsy. however, our companion paper [redgrave et al. (1991) neuroscience 46, 379-390] established that the region of dorsal midbrain where bicuculline was most effective in suppressing tonic hindlimb extension did not correspond well with the known distribution of nigrotectal terminals. the purpose of the present anatomical study was ... | 1992 | 1371853 |
| the organisation of fibres within the rat basis pedunculi. | the organisation of corticofugal fibres within the basis pedunculi of rats was studied using wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase as an orthograde tracer. following cortical injections, labelled fibres were distributed within the cerebral peduncle in an orderly way. fibres which originate from cells in the frontal cortex maintain a position in the ventromedial part of the basis pedunculi. fibres from the occipital and temporal cortex travel in the most dorsolateral part. somatosensory fi ... | 1992 | 1371860 |
| separate neuronal populations of the rat globus pallidus projecting to the subthalamic nucleus, auditory cortex and pedunculopontine tegmental area. | the topographic arrangement of globus pallidus neurons sending axons to the subthalamic nucleus, auditory cortex and pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus was studied in the rat using retrograde fluorescent tracers. neurons projecting to the subthalamic nucleus were localized in the rostral part of the globus pallidus, while neurons projecting to the auditory cortex and to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus were located in the caudal part. the two populations of pallidocortical and pallidotegme ... | 1992 | 1372116 |
| choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive neurons in the rat entopeduncular nucleus. | using a monoclonal antibody against choline acetyltransferase, neurons of the rat entopenduncular nucleus were found to express choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity. these cholinergic cells were located mostly in the rostral portion of the entopeduncular nucleus with a marked decrease towards its caudal portion. to identify their target sites, a retrograde fiber tracing technique was combined with immunohistochemistry for choline acetyltransferase. after injection of wheatgerm agglutinin c ... | 1992 | 1372118 |
| development and characterization of human anti-hbs antibodies. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from 13 healthy hepatitis b vaccines were transformed with the epstein-barr virus (ebv) and lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcl) producing antibodies to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs antibodies). seven lcl and two clones secreting human anti-hbs monoclonal antibody were generated and their antibodies purified. one clone was fused with a mouse myeloma and the antibody from a cloned anti-hbs secreting heterohybridoma purified. one of the 10 purified hum ... | 1992 | 1372611 |
| substance p innervation of the rat and cat thalamus. ii. cells of origin in the spinal cord. | evidence in the preceding paper suggests that fibers and terminals immunopositive for substance p (sp) in somatosensory thalamic nuclei are part of the spinothalamic tract (stt). in this paper, more direct evidence on this point is provided by immunocytochemistry for sp on the cervical spinal cord, alone or combined with the retrograde transport of colloidal gold-labeled wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to enzymatically inactive horseradish peroxidase (wgaapohrp-au). in cats and rats pretreated ... | 1992 | 1373160 |
| chemiluminescent universal probe for bacterial ribotyping. | we describe a novel procedure for direct covalent coupling of horseradish peroxidase to rrna and ribotyping by using enhanced chemiluminescence. compared with their 32p-end-labeled counterparts, chemiluminescent rrna probes are stable and easy to synthesize and provide results as good as or superior to those obtained with isotopic labeling. direct chemiluminescent labeling of escherichia coli rrna produces a sensitive, universal probe suitable for clinical laboratory use in the investigation of ... | 1992 | 1374074 |
| organization of inferior olivary projections to the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus of the rat cerebellum. | the climbing fiber projection to the rat flocculus and adjacent ventral paraflocculus was investigated by using phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin as an anterograde and horseradish peroxidase as a retrograde tracer. large injections of horseradish peroxidase in the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus indicated that the climbing fibers to this region are derived exclusively from any of the following contralateral olivary regions: the dorsal cap of kooy, the ventrolateral outgrowth, the caudal hal ... | 1992 | 1374083 |
| dorsal root ganglion neurons projecting to the dorsal column nuclei of rats. | dorsal root ganglion (drg) neurons may give origin to ascending branches that terminate in the dorsal column nuclei (dcn); uncertainties still exist with regard to the proportion of these neurons in different drgs and to the type of these neurons. the percentage and size of neurons that project to the dcn were determined in a large number of drgs by means of the retrograde transport of colloidal gold-labeled wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to enzymatically inactive horseradish peroxidase (wgaap ... | 1992 | 1374085 |
| trigeminocerebellar projections to the posterior lobe in the cat, as studied by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase. | cerebellar projections of the nucleus interpolaris and oralis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus were studied in the cat by anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). injections of wga-hrp into these nuclei labeled many mossy fiber terminals mainly ipsilaterally in the rostral folium of lobule ix (ixa or ixa + b), the simple lobule, the anterior part (sublobule a) of the paramedian lobule and the posterior part of crus ii. labeled terminals were ... | 1992 | 1374086 |
| organization of parabrachial nucleus efferents to the thalamus and amygdala in the golden hamster. | while gustation in the hamster has been extensively studied at the behavioral and physiological level, very little is known about the central anatomy of the taste system. the purpose of this study was to trace the connections of the parabrachial nucleus (pbn) in the golden syrian hamster (mesocricetus auratus) using wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase. the pbn is the site of the second central synapse for the ascending gustatory system and receives taste afferents from the nu ... | 1992 | 1374087 |
| cortical connections of the inferior arcuate sulcus cortex in the macaque brain. | injections of the retrograde/anterograde tracers wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) into the cortex along the banks of the inferior limb of the arcuate sulcus in the cortex of 4 macaque monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were used to investigate its cortico-cortical connections. all injections produced transported label within the sulcus principalis, the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, the anterior cingulate sulcus and the dorsal insular cortex. the distribution of label within ... | 1992 | 1374284 |
| receptor-mediated uptake and processing of vitamin d-binding protein in human b-lymphoid cells. | vitamin d-binding protein (dbp), a member of a multigene family including alpha-fetoprotein (afp) and albumin, is a serum glycoprotein that reversibly binds and transports vitamin d and its metabolites to target cells. in this work, we demonstrate that normal and malignant human b-lymphocytes specifically bind and internalize dbp. radioiodinated dbp (125i-dbp) was used to follow the uptake of the protein by raji cells, a human pre-b-lymphoma cell line. time course studies of dbp uptake by these ... | 1992 | 1374401 |
| time-dependent neuroplasticity in mesostriatal projections after unilateral removal of vibrissae in the adult rat: compartment-specific effects on horseradish peroxidase transport and cell size. | in adult rats the mystacial vibrissae were clipped on one side of the snout, and the influence of this sensory deprivation on crossed and uncrossed striatal afferents from the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and retrorubral area was examined with the horseradish peroxidase tract tracing technique. unilateral removal of vibrissae was found to affect crossed and uncrossed nigrostriatal projections in a time-dependent manner. one to three days after hemivibrissotomy an apparent neuronal a ... | 1992 | 1374540 |
| disruptions of muscle fiber plasma membranes. role in exercise-induced damage. | the authors have tested the hypothesis that plasma membrane disruptions are an early form of structural damage to the fibers of eccentrically exercised muscle. rat serum albumin (rsa) was used as a marker for muscle-fiber wounding in the rat tricep (medial head) exercised eccentrically by downhill running. in all muscles examined, strong staining with a horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-conjugated anti-rsa antibody was observed between fibers (intercellular staining) and also within certain fibers (i ... | 1992 | 1374591 |
| ultrastructural evidence for neurogenically mediated changes in blood vessels of the rat dura mater and tongue following antidromic trigeminal stimulation. | we investigated the effects of unilateral electrical trigeminal ganglion stimulation (0.1 or 1.0 ma, 5 hz, 5 ms, 5 min) on the morphology of blood vessels within the rat dura mater and tongue using light and transmission electron microscopy. stimulation at both intensities caused changes which were confined to the ipsilateral post-capillary venules except in the tongue where arterioles were affected as well. changes were more marked after 1.0 ma. dramatic increases in the numbers of endothelial ... | 1992 | 1374861 |
| morphology and electrophysiology of superior laryngeal nerve afferents and postsynaptic neurons in the medulla oblongata of the cat. | intra-axonal recordings were made from 24 afferent fibres of the superior laryngeal nerve in and around the nucleus tractus solitarius, in 26 pentobarbitone-anaesthetized cats. conduction velocity ranged from 15 to 38 m/s. four afferents were injected with horseradish peroxidase. they showed dense terminal arborization in the region of the ventral and ventrolateral subnuclei of the nucleus tractus solitarius, both rostral and caudal to the obex. six other intra-axonal recordings were thought to ... | 1992 | 1374862 |
| growth cones and structural variation of synaptic end-bulbs in the cochlear nucleus of the adult cat brain. | to explore the potential for structural variation and new growth at the synapse, we studied the morphological patterns of the end-bulbs of cochlear nerve axons in adult cats by using rapid golgi, reduced silver, and electron microscopic methods. horseradish peroxidase labeling of these endings in the anterior division of the antroventral cochlear nucleus was produced by anterograde transport following injection into the cochlea. three types of end-bulbs were distinguished, regardless of method: ... | 1992 | 1374935 |
| segregated thalamocortical pathways to inferior parietal and inferotemporal cortex in macaque monkey. | inferior parietal and inferotemporal cortex, which process different aspects of visual information through largely segregated pathways from the visual cortex, both receive thalamic afferents from the pulvinar complex. we examined the topography of pulvinar projections to these two cortical regions by placing multiple injections of different tracers (fluorescent dyes, horseradish peroxidase) in the inferotemporal and inferior parietal cortex of macaque monkeys. the patterns of label observed afte ... | 1992 | 1375095 |
| ocular dominance columns in area 17 of old world macaque and talapoin monkeys: complete reconstructions and quantitative analyses. | the effects of monocular deprivation on cytochrome-oxidase (co) expression were used to reveal ocular dominance columns in flatmounts of the striate cortex in macaque (macaca fascicularis) and talapoin (miopithecus talapoin) monkeys. this procedure allowed the first direct visualization of the complete pattern of ocular dominance bands in macaque monkeys, and less complete reconstructions in talapoin monkeys. in a second macaque monkey, the ocular dominance organization was revealed by injecting ... | 1992 | 1375096 |
| the medullary relay from neck receptors to somatosensory thalamus in the rat: a neuroanatomical study. | experiments were performed on rats to determine the location of thalamic projecting neurones in the medulla which receive direct contacts from neck primary afferents. the medullary terminations of primary afferents from the cervical region were identified by silver staining their degenerating terminals, diffusely filling their axons with horseradish peroxidase (hrp), or reacting for transganglionically transported hrp applied to muscle or cutaneous nerves. neurones projecting to the ventrobasal ... | 1992 | 1375163 |
| serotonin-, substance p- and tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive neurons projecting from the midbrain periaqueductal gray to the nucleus tractus solitarii in the rat. | serotonin-, substance p- and tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (pag) were observed to send their axons to the nucleus tractus solitarii in the rat by the retrograde horseradish peroxidase tracing method combined with the immunocytochemical technique. these neurons were most frequently observed in the ventrolateral subnucleus and ventral portion of the medial subnucleus of the pag at the entire rostrocaudal levels. | 1992 | 1375351 |
| the nigral projection to predorsal bundle cells in the superior colliculus of the rat. | predorsal bundle cells give rise to the major efferent pathway from the superior colliculus to the premotor centers of the brainstem and spinal cord responsible for initiating orienting movements. the activity of predorsal bundle cells is profoundly influenced by an inhibitory pathway from substantia nigra pars reticulata that uses gamma aminobutyric acid (gaba) as a neurotransmitter. the present study examines the morphological basis for this influence of substantia nigra on predorsal bundle ce ... | 1992 | 1375604 |
| the somatosensory thalamus of monkeys: cortical connections and a redefinition of nuclei in marmosets. | thalamic connections of three subdivisions of somatosensory cortex in marmosets were determined by placing wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent dyes as tracers into electrophysiologically identified sites in s-i (area 3b), s-ii, and the parietal ventral area, pv. the relation of the resulting patterns of transported label to the cytoarchitecture and cytochrome oxidase architecture of the thalamus lead to three major conclusions. 1) the region traditionally ... | 1992 | 1375605 |
| spinal neurons exhibiting a specific nociceptive response receive abundant substance p-containing synaptic contacts. | substance p has been implicated in nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord. however, evidence for a direct correlation between a specific nociceptive response in spinal dorsal horn neurons and substance p input is lacking. in this study, we combine intracellular recording from dorsal horn neurons in vivo, characterization of their nociceptive responses, intracellular labeling by injection of horseradish peroxidase, and immunocytochemical demonstration of substance p at the electron microscop ... | 1992 | 1375757 |
| permeability of the macula densa basement membrane area to high molecular weight molecules. | to investigate the permeability properties of the basement membrane beneath macula densa cells and between extraglomerular mesangial cells, thick ascending limbs with attached glomeruli were dissected from rabbit kidney and incubated in a ringers solution containing either horseradish peroxidase (hrp) (1 mg/ml; molecular weight approximately 40,000) or native or cationic ferritin (both at 5 mg/ml molecular weight approximately 450,000) for 5 and 20 min at room temperature. tubules were processed ... | 1992 | 1375768 |
| alterations in lens permeability during galactose cataract development in rat. | lens permeability has been shown to be compromised during galactose-induced cataract development in rats. recent studies have demonstrated permeability and diffusion pathways as well as endocytotic activity in normal lenses of different species using tracers of different molecular weights. we investigated the permeability and diffusion of tracers in normal rat lenses and in lenses during cataract development using three different molecular weight tracers, lanthanum nitrate (ln, mw 430), rutheniu ... | 1992 | 1375837 |
| projection neurons of the basolateral amygdala: a correlative golgi and retrograde tract tracing study. | this study analyzed the projection neurons of the anterior subdivision of the rat basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (bla) by correlating the morphology of golgi-stained neurons with the morphology of neurons that were retrogradely labeled by injections into the main terminal fields of bla. in each animal multiple injections of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated hrp were made into the prefrontal cortex and rostral striatum. these injections labeled approximately 85% of ... | 1992 | 1375860 |
| effects of self- and cross-reinnervation on the numbers of motoneurons regenerating to forearm muscles in young and adult rats. | the present study was carried out to compare the ability of motoneurons to regenerate to functionally appropriate and inappropriate muscles, following axotomy at different stages of postnatal development. five-, 10-, 21-day-old and adult rats of both sexes were used. in one group, the right median and radial nerves were cut and reunited. in a second group, the cut nerves were cross reunited and, in a third group the nerves were merely exposed. following survival periods of up to one year, the ex ... | 1992 | 1375861 |
| the antigenicity of the carbohydrate moiety of an insect glycoprotein, honey-bee (apis mellifera) venom phospholipase a2. the role of alpha 1,3-fucosylation of the asparagine-bound n-acetylglucosamine. | a rabbit polyclonal antiserum raised against honey-bee (apis mellifera) venom phospholipase a2 (pla2) contains antibodies that react exclusively with its glycosylated variants and cross-react with plant glycoproteins. the interaction of anti-(horseradish peroxidase) antiserum with pla2 suggests the existence of a carbohydrate determinant common to both glycoproteins. e.l.i.s.a. binding and inhibition experiments, employing glycoproteins and glycopeptides of plant and animal origin with known n-g ... | 1992 | 1376112 |
| substance p-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, and cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive fiber projections from the superior colliculus to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the rat. | substance p (sp)-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip)-, and cholecystokinin (cck)-like immunoreactive (li) neurons were found in the superior colliculus (sc) of the rat, and examined to ascertain whether they sent projection fibers to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (lgnd). immunocytochemical staining with antisera against sp, vip, and cck showed that many immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies were located in the superficial layers of the sc, especially in the stratum griseum superficia ... | 1992 | 1376278 |
| intravenous injection of evans blue labels magnocellular neuroendocrine cells of the rat supraoptic nucleus in situ and after dissociation. | previous work has demonstrated that intravenous injection of neuronal tracers, e.g. horseradish peroxidase or fast blue, can retrogradely label neurons in brain areas that project outside the blood-brain barrier, e.g. magnocellular neuroendocrine neurons of the hypothalamus. here we have shown that 24 h after intravenous injection of the fluorescent retrograde tracer evans blue, the same population of magnocellular neuroendocrine neurons is labeled in the paraventricular, supraoptic and accessor ... | 1992 | 1376451 |
| serotonin-, substance p- and glutamate/aspartate-like immunoreactivities in medullo-spinal pathways of rat and primate. | serotonergic neurons of the medulla oblongata have been proposed to play a role in the control of sensory, motor and autonomic cells in the spinal cord. many of these raphe neurons have been shown to contain the undecapeptide substance p as well as the tripeptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone, but evidence for the presence of an excitatory amino acid in these pathways has not yet been documented. in colchicine-treated rats, we have used a combination of retrograde tracing and tri-color immunohis ... | 1992 | 1376453 |
| corticotropin-releasing factor innervation of the locus coeruleus region: distribution of fibers and sources of input. | electrophysiologic studies support the hypothesis that corticotropin-releasing factor, the neurohormone that initiates adrenocorticotropin release during stress, also serves as a neurotransmitter in the pontine noradrenergic nucleus, the locus coeruleus. to elucidate the circuitry underlying proposed corticotropin-releasing factor neurotransmission in the locus coeruleus, the present study utilized immunohistochemical techniques to characterize corticotropin-releasing factor innervation of rat l ... | 1992 | 1376457 |
| afferent connections of the rat substantia nigra pars lateralis with special reference to peptide-containing neurons of the amygdalo-nigral pathway. | the afferent connections of the rat substantia nigra pars lateralis have been studied using the retrograde axonal transport of fluorescent latex microspheres. the most numerous groups of retrogradely labelled nerve cell bodies were observed bilaterally in the parabrachial complex and several hypothalamic nuclei, whereas the parietal neocortex, the fundus striati, the central nucleus of the amygdala and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis were labelled on the injected side only. the neuronal ... | 1992 | 1376607 |
| permeability of rat atrial endocardium, epicardium, and myocardium to large molecules. stretch-dependent effects. | atrial distension, which stimulates atrial natriuretic peptide secretion by atrial myocytes, also stretches nonmuscle cells. in a noncontracting in vitro preparation of combined right and left atria we demonstrated by electron microscopy that, at 37 degrees c, transition from zero pressure to a physiological distending pressure of 5.1 mm hg rapidly rendered atrial endocardial endothelium permeable to the macromolecular probes horseradish peroxidase (hrp; m(r), approximately 40,000) and wheat ger ... | 1992 | 1376644 |
| a comparative hrp study of the neuronal supply to the inferior and superior nasal meatus in the cat. | neurons supplying the nasal mucosa in the cat were retrogradely labelled with horseradish peroxidase. sensory trigeminal neurons to the inferior and superior nasal meati are somatotopically organized, according to the ophthalmic or maxillary origin of the afferents studied. whatever their relative location, the cell bodies from nasal afferents were, on average, smaller than the overall cell population in the ganglion, in keeping with the high proportion of nasal receptors innervated by thin fibe ... | 1992 | 1376879 |
| fastigiofugal fibers encoding horizontal and vertical components of saccades as determined by microstimulation in monkeys. | to identify the routes by which oculomotor vermis signals control eye movements (saccadic signals), saccades evoked by microstimulation were studied in the region of the uncinate fasciculus (uf) and juxtarestiform body (jb) in the macaque monkey. anatomical pathways of axons from the fastigial oculomotor region (for) were studied by anterograde transport of wheatgerm agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). the routes were identified by comparing maps of low threshold for evoking ... | 1992 | 1376883 |
| enkephalin-immunoreactive nociceptive neurons in the cat spinal cord. | in this combined electrophysiological-ultrastructural study in the cat spinal cord, we detected enkephalin-like immunoreactivity using internally radio-labelled monoclonal antibodies in functionally characterized neurons which had been filled intracellularly with horseradish peroxidase. of the 4 neurons included in this study, two were positive for enkephalin immunoreactivity; one was a nociceptive specific neuron in lamina i, the other a wide dynamic range neuron in lamina v. the other two cell ... | 1992 | 1377041 |
| organization of cutaneous primary afferent fibers projecting to the dorsal horn in the rat: wga-hrp versus b-hrp. | primary afferent projections from cutaneous afferents in the forelimb and hindlimb digits to the dorsal horn (dh) were examined using 4 tracers: (1) 25% free horseradish peroxidase (hrp), (2) 2.5% wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp), (3) a mixture of 25% free hrp and 2.5% wga-hrp (wga-hrp/hrp) or (4) 0.1% hrp conjugated to cholera toxin (b-hrp). the tracer was injected intracutaneously into the digits. three to 4 days later, the rats were perfused transcardially, ... | 1992 | 1377077 |
| the tectorecipient zone in the inferior olivary nucleus in the rat. | tecto-olivary and olivocerebellar projections in the rat were investigated in order to identify the tectorecipient zone in the inferior olivary nucleus and to determine whether inferior olivary neurons projecting to the cerebellar tecto-olivo-recipient zones (lobule vii, crus ii, lobulus simplex, and paramedian lobule) originate in the different regions within the tectorecipient zone. an electrophysiological method and an axonal transport technique of wheat-germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish ... | 1992 | 1377203 |
| comparative study of laser and scalpel nerve transections. | this investigation was designed to compare standard scalpel transections of the tibial branch of the rat sciatic nerve with those performed using either a milliwatt carbon dioxide (co2) or a potassium titanyl phosphate (ktp/532) laser. four transection groups consisted of nerves sectioned with (1) scalpel (control), (2) milliwatt co2 laser, (3) ktp/532 with microscope attachment, and (4) ktp/532 laser with 400-microns bare fiber. each laser was used with the same parameters: 10 watts, 0.4-mm spo ... | 1992 | 1377320 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-pa) and mutants and chimeras containing the serine protease domain of u-pa. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for quantitation of natural and recombinant plasminogen activators containing the serine protease domain (b-chain) of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-pa) was developed, based on two murine monoclonal antibodies, ma-4d1e8 and ma-2l3, raised against u-pa and reacting with non-overlapping epitopes in the b-chain. ma-4d1e8 was coated on microtiter plates and bound antigen was quantitated with ma-2l3 conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. the intr ... | 1992 | 1377417 |
| the superior cervical ganglion: origin of sympathetic fibers in the facial and hypoglossal nerves in the cat. | location of superior cervical ganglion (scg) neurons, sending axons into the facial and hypoglossal nerves, was investigated in the cat by means of retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). after wheat germ agglutinin conjugated hrp (wga-hrp) was injected into these nerves, many retrogradely labeled neurons were found widely in the ipsilateral scg, particularly around the caudal half of the scg. these neurons were round or oval in shape and 70-80% of these were medium in size. ... | 1992 | 1377588 |
| intracellular band 3 immunostaining in type a intercalated cells of rabbit kidney. | intercalated cells (ics) in the collecting duct and the connecting tubule (cnt) are involved in h+ secretion and hco3- reabsorption. h+ secretion is mediated by an h(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase in the apical plasma membrane, whereas a band 3-like cl(-)-hco3- exchanger in the basolateral membrane is responsible for hco3- reabsorption. recent studies have reported that a band 3-like protein is also present in mitochondria in rabbit ics. the purpose of this study was to establish the subcellular loc ... | 1992 | 1377872 |
| serotonergic, noradrenergic and galaninergic projections to the nucleus parafascicularis. | immunocytochemical staining for serotonin (5-ht), tyrosine hydroxylase (th) and galanin (gal) was combined with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) retrograde tract-tracing technique to analyze the localizations of 5-ht-, catecholamine (ca)- and gal-containing neurons in the brainstem which project to the nucleus parafascicularis (pf) in rats. it is demonstrated that most of the retrogradely hrp-labeled neurons (70%) in bilateral periaqueductal gray (pag) and raphe nuclei are positively immunostained b ... | 1992 | 1377957 |
| somatotopic termination of the spino-olivary fibers in the cat, studied with the wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase technique. | terminal sites of the spino-olivary fibers (sofs) were examined by the anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase in the cat. the tracer was injected at various spinal cord levels from the first cervical to the caudal segments. the sofs derived from the c1-t1 segments terminated medially in the caudal half (levels ii-viii of brodal) of the medial accessory olive (mao), which projects to the a zone of the cerebellar cortex, whereas the sofs derived from the l6-s1 segmen ... | 1992 | 1378027 |
| the medial dorsal nucleus is one of the thalamic relays of the cerebellocerebral responses to the frontal association cortex in the monkey: horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent dye double staining study. | to reveal the thalamic relay nucleus of the cerebellocerebral responses in the frontal association cortex, simultaneous labeling of the cerebellothalamic (c-t) terminals and the thalamocortical (t-cx) neurons was performed in three monkeys. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was injected into the deep cerebellar nuclei and small doses of hrp or fluorescent dye were injected into the prefrontal cortex. the distribution of anterogradely labeled c-t terminals and retrogradely labeled t-cx neurons was exa ... | 1992 | 1378349 |
| sources of presumptive glutamatergic/aspartatergic afferents to the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus in the rat. | the distribution of presumptive glutamatergic and/or aspartatergic neurons retrogradely labeled following injections of 3hd-aspartate into the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (md) in the rat was compared to the distribution of neurons labeled by comparable injections of the nonspecific retrograde tracer wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). cells retrogradely labeled by wga-hrp were found in the prefrontal and agranular insular cortices; in forebrain structures s ... | 1992 | 1378457 |
| enhancement of tonic and phasic events of rapid eye movement sleep following bilateral ibotenic acid injections into centralis lateralis thalamic nucleus of cats. | the excitotoxin ibotenic acid (1.2-2.6 microliters of 50 micrograms/microliters) was injected bilaterally into the thalamic centralis lateralis nucleus of chronically implanted cats in order to study the effects of tonic excitation followed by destruction of perikarya on the sleep-waking cycle and its electrographic correlates. ibotenate injections were performed under mild ketamine anaesthesia. immediately afterwards, the animals showed behavioural arousal accompanied first by ocular nystagmifo ... | 1992 | 1378577 |
| distribution of efferent neurons projecting to the tectum and cerebellum in the rat prepositus hypoglossi nucleus. | distributions of efferent neurons projecting to the superior colliculus (sc), the pretectum, and the cerebellar cortex were studied in the rat prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (prh) by retrograde labeling with wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). after injection of the tracer into the unilateral sc, small- and medium-sized neurons were labeled throughout the entire rostrocaudal extent of the prh, with the highest proportion in the middle part of the nucleus. after application of ... | 1992 | 1378823 |
| endothelium-derived nitric oxide synthase inhibition. effects on cerebral blood flow, pial artery diameter, and vascular morphology in rats. | we determined the effects of inhibiting the production of cerebral endothelium-derived nitric oxide on pial artery diameter, cortical blood flow, and vascular morphology. | 1992 | 1378981 |