| [activity of intracellular and extracellular nuclease according to the phases of growth of pigment and pigment-free strains of serratia marcescens]. | changes in the activity of intracellular and extracellular nuclease of pigment and pigment-free strains of serratia marcescens were studied. the activity of intra- and extracellular nuclease of the pigment-free strain was higher than that of the pigment strain at all growth stages of the microorganism. the activity of intracellular nuclease in the lag-phase was higher than in the phase of exponential growth of both strains. prior to cell division the enzyme activity declined in both strains. at ... | 1976 | 800256 |
| [chitinase from serratia marcescens bkm b-851]. | the chitinase biosynthesis was studied during the cultivation of the strain of serratia marcescens bkm b-851 with a high chitinolytic activity. under submerged cultivation of bacterial cells on the medium containing demineralized crab shell extracellular chitinase showed maximum activity on the 3rd day. cells of s. marcescens bkm b-851 synthesized chitinase as an adaptive enzyme. chitinase obtained from the culture liquid by ammonium sulphate precipitation was then dialyzed and liophylized. it d ... | 1976 | 800258 |
| [reflections apropos of 14 cases of septicemia due to serratia in urologic environment]. | | 1976 | 801526 |
| serratia marcescens infections--selection of an antibiotic. | | 1976 | 802122 |
| use of tergitol-7 agar in the clinical laboratory. | tergitol-7 agar has been utilized in the author's laboratory for eight years and has been found the superior medium for the rapid isolation, separation and identification of gram negative bacilli found in a clinical setting. | 1975 | 803348 |
| toxigenic studies with the antibiotic pigments from serratia marcescens. | prodigiosin, obtained from the bacterium, serratia marcescens, was extracted in five organic solvents, petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, and methanol, and the fractions were labeled pe-1, c-2, a-3, e-4, and m-5 respectively. the effects of prodigiosin and its fractions on embryogenesis showed the whole pigment and c-2 fraction to be highly toxigenic while other fractions demonstrated toxicities approaching ld50 values of 26-30 mug/egg when dissolved in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide. the e ... | 1975 | 803402 |
| comparison of the effects of three fluorocarbons on certain bacteria. | three fluorocarbons were tested to determine their effect on bacterial growth. freon 11 and 21 in various concentrations had an inhibitory effect on selected test organisms, but freon 22 had no effect. both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, as well as gram-positive and gram-negative species, were included among the bacteria tested. freon 11 and 21 caused a similar response with freon 11 being more inhibitory to some species and freon 21 more inhibitory to others. inhibition was dependent on ... | 1975 | 803403 |
| improved large-volume sampler for the collection of bacterial cells from aerosol. | a modified large-volume sampler was demonstrated to be an efficient device for the collection of mono-disperse aerosols of rhodamine b and poly-disperse aerosols of bacterial cells. absolute efficiency for collection of rhodamine b varied from 100% with 5-mum particles to about 70% with 0.5-mum particles. the sampler concentrated the particles from 950 liters of air into a flow of between 1 and 2 ml of collecting fluid per min. spores of bacillus subtilis var. niger were collected at an efficien ... | 1975 | 803820 |
| computer surveillance of shifts in the gross patient flora during hospitalization. | data accumulating routinely in a hospital microbiology laboratory were computer-plotted according to the number of days the patient had been in the hospital when each culture was obtained. the rate at which patients were cultured fell slightly during hospitalization, while the rate at which isolates were obtained from them increased gradually. for some species, such as escherichia coli or staphylococcus aureus, isolation rates changed little during hospitalization. they rose as much as sevenfold ... | 1975 | 804021 |
| inexpensive device for the aerobic and anaerobic sampling of microorganisms in lake and shallow ocean waters. | an inexpensive device suitable for sampling microorganisms in water and easily constructed from readily available laboratory equipment is described. the need to transfer subsamples to culturing flasks after collection is eliminated by partly filling the sampling vessels with growth medium prior to sampling. the device is readily adapted for sampling different volumes, is simple and quick to operate, and is suitable for use with prereduced media. contamination from layers others than that being s ... | 1975 | 804852 |
| comparison of the germicidal activity of prepodyne and betadine surgical scrub solutions. | two iodophoric surgical scrubs soaps, prepodyne and betadine, were evaluated for bacteriocidal activity in a modified phenol coefficient test. a standard inoculum of each of 18 species of microorganisms was mixed with a 1:8 dilution of each iodophor and subcultured after one, three, and five minutes of exposure. complete cidal activty was exhibited by both prepodyne and betadine. twenty-five subjects were tested in hand washing experiments using betadine and prepodyne surgical scrub solutions. q ... | 1975 | 805538 |
| probability graphs resolve components with buoyant-density differences of 0.001 g/cm3 in equilibrium density gradients. | | 1975 | 805551 |
| changing proportions of dna components in euglena gracilis. | | 1975 | 806265 |
| transfer of drug resistance to myxococcus from bacteria carrying drug-resistance factors. | resistance to chloramphenicol was successfully transferred from strains of escherichia coli carrying r factors representative of compatibility groups f, w, s and n to strains of myxococcus xanthus and m. fulvus. resistance to kanamycin was transferred from an r factor in group s, and to neomycin from an r factor of group p. myxobacterial strains differed in their capacity to take up the resistances and also in the stability of the resistance character. strains of m. fulvus were obtained that acq ... | 1975 | 806655 |
| [antibiosis shown by a strain of byssochlamys nivea westling, 1909. ii. activity spectrum]. | a strain of byssochlamys nivea cultivated in a liquid medium (saccharose: 50 g: nano3: 2 g; kh2po4: 1 g; kcl: 0.5 g; mgso4, 7h2o: 0.5 g; water to 1000 ml) produces, at 24 degrees c, an antibiotic substance which appears after several days of growth (10-12 days). among 43 strains of bacteria gram (minus) belonging to 10 genera none was resistant. the most was susceptible, save pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens, moraxella glucidolytica. on the the great bulk of the bacteria (gram +) test ... | 1975 | 806806 |
| comparison of the in vitro activities of bb-k8 and three other aminoglycosides against 215 strains of pseudomonas and enterobacteriaceae with variable sensitivity to kanamycin and gentamicin. | 215 gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical materials were tested in vitro against bb-k8 by means of disc diffusion and agar dilution tests; the strains included 40 isolates resistant to gentamicin. approximately 90% of the strains were inhibited by 3.12 mug/ml or less bb-k8. this antibiotic exhibited a comparable activity, although somewhat inferior, to that of gentamicin, against organisms sensitive to gentamicin. it was considrably more active than gentamicin, and comparable to tobramyci ... | 1975 | 807457 |
| [bacteriological studies on fosfomycin. antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo (author's transl)]. | we have examined the antibacterial activity of the new antibiotic, fosfomycin (fom) in vitro and in vivo. the following results were obtained. 1. fom showed a broad antibacterial spectrum. 2. the antibacterial activity of fom was enhanced in the medium at ph 6 and ph 7, and was also influenced by the addition of rabbit serum, calf serum, glucose-6-phosphate or defibrilated sheep blood to the growth medium, and by the size of inoculum. 3 fom showed especially strong bactericidal action upon the b ... | 1975 | 807758 |
| editorial: microbial contamination of water used for hemodialysis. | | 1975 | 807861 |
| "core" glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae: immunofluorescent detection of antigen and antibody. | the re chemotype mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 has a cell-wall glycolipid composed principally of 2-keto, 3 deoxyoctonate and lipid a, which is an antigen widely shared by enterobacteriaceae. high-titered antiserum against this antigen can be conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate for direct detection of this antigen in heterologous bacteria and staining of bacteria in tissue. alternatively, the indirect immunofluorescence technique can be used for antigen detection on bacterial surfac ... | 1975 | 807915 |
| arylamidase activity of salmonella species. | arylamidase activity in cell extracts of sonically cell treated suspensions of 23 salmonella strains, including 12 strains of s. typhimurium, was investigated. all cultures hydrolyzed five of nine different neutral and basic substrates. activity against aspartyl-, cystyl- histidinyl-, and isoleucyl-beta-naphylamide was negligible. alanyl-beta-naphthylamide was the preferred substrate for the salmonella species; however, specific activities ranged widely. of several gram-negative organisms survey ... | 1975 | 808165 |
| chemistry of cephalosporin antibiotics. 28. preparation and biological activity of 3-(substituted)vinyl cephalosporins. | 3-(substituted)vinylcephem nuclei have been prepared by the reaction of 3-formylcephem derivatives with stabilized phosphoranes. appropriate synthetic steps allowed preparation of a series of 3-ethoxycarbonylvinyl- and 3-carboxyvinylcephem derivatives bearing a variety of 7-acylamino functions. the phenoxyacetyl and thiopheneacetyl derivatives of the 3-cyanovinylcephem nucleus were also prepared. although general gram-positive activity was comparable to cephalothin in many cases, against penicil ... | 1975 | 808607 |
| [editorial: infections by opportunist germs]. | | 1975 | 809306 |
| in vitro bacteriological study of a new antibiotic substance: sisomicin. | effects of a new antimicrobial agent sisomicin on microorganisms isolated from pathologic material (pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella spp., streptococcus pyogenes-b, citrobacter freundii) were studied. the results obtained were compared with another two aminoglycoside antibiotics - gentamicin and tobramycin. all three antibiotics were found to be very effective in vitro; their effect was enhanced by addition of an antibiotic of ... | 1975 | 809943 |
| susceptibilities of gram-negative bacteria to combinations of antimicrobial agents in vitro. | combinations of either clindamycin or erythromycin with gentamicin, colimycin, or carbenicillin were studied for their antimicrobial effects on clinical isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., proteus mirabilis, serratia marcescens, enterobacter aerogenes, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. no antagonistic effects of the antibiotic combinations were observed. synergistic effects of the antibiotic combinations were noted against most strains of e. coli tested, especially when either clindamycin or ... | 1975 | 810077 |
| comparison of methods for assessing in vitro antibiotic synergism against pseudomonas and serratia. | infections with pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens are often difficult to treat because of the narrow therapeutic ratio of available antimicrobials. synergistic inhibitory and bactericidal activity for gentamicin and carbenicillin against p. aeruginosa has been documented in vitro. the purpose of this study was to compare 4 methods of determining in vitro synergism between several aminoglycosides and penicillins. the agar dilution method using an inoculum replicator was employed, and ... | 1975 | 810533 |
| [transfer of organisms during exchange of heat and moisture in air conditioning installations (author's transl)]. | with the exhaust air from ventilation and air conditioning installations escaping into the open, the heat content is also lost which fresh air from outside obtains at considerable expense of energy and technical equipment. the heat content, on the other hand, consists of about equal proportions of sensible heat and latent heat which is associated with the moisture content of the air. in order to regain the heat content of the escaping air so as to be able to use it again - and this is becoming i ... | 1975 | 811009 |
| [occurrence and function of a proteinase inhibitor in the hemolymph of insects]. | the presence of proteinase inhibitor has been proved in the hemolymph of a number of insect species from seven different insect orders. the amount of proteinase inhibitor in the hemolymph significantly increases after injection of inactivated bacteria into the hemocoelom of galleria mellonella-larvae. moreover the larvae show an increased resistance against normally lethal concentrations of trypsin, chymotrypsin, pronase p and extracellular proteinase produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa. it is di ... | 1975 | 811027 |
| bacteriophage typing of gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria. | | 1975 | 811424 |
| thin-layer chromatographic technique for rapid detection of bacterial phospholipases. | silica gel thin-layer chromatography was employed to detect lecithinase activity induced from bacterial resting cell preparations induced from bacterial resting cell preparations incubated at 37 c for 4 h in the presence of purified egg yolk lecithin. bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, serratia marcescens, and pseudomonas aeruginosa hydrolyzed lecithin with the formation of free fatty acids as the sole lipid-soluble product. in none of the escherichia coli and citrobacter freundii strains teste ... | 1975 | 811682 |
| [serratia infections]. | | 1975 | 811723 |
| effects of three environmental variables on sulfate uptake by aerobic bacteria. | the effects of various concentrations of sulfate, organic sulfur, and organic carbon on sulfate uptake by aerobic bacteria were studied using pure cultures growing in a defined medium. cultures of pseudomonas fluorescens and corynebacterium striatum took up sulfate faster when young, but sulfate uptake by serratia marcescens was faster in older cultures. organic sulfur was found to decrease sulfate uptake, but at concentrations somewhat higher than occurs in most natural freshwater ecosystems. l ... | 1975 | 813579 |
| response of neisseria gonorrhoeae to bdellovibrio species. | bdellovibrio species are small, highly motile bacteria that are predators upon other bacteria in nature. bdellovibrios attach to, penetrate, replicate within, and destroy prey that share the general characteristic of gram negativity. the lipopolysaccharide moiety of the cell membrane of target microorganisms appears to contain the principal receptor site for bdellovibrio attachment. since gonococci also contain lipopolysaccharide that is similar in many respects to that contained within gram-neg ... | 1976 | 814101 |
| products from furans. 1. sunthesis and anticoccidial and antimicrobial activity of 5-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(4h)-ones and related compounds. | a michael type addition of an amine to 6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(6h)-one (1) dissolved in ether, benzene, or thf gave 5-amino derivatives of 5,6-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)-2h-pyran-3(4h)-one (2). these by subsequent reduction with lialh4 were converted to 5-amino derivatives of 6-methoxy-2-methyl-2-(4'-biphenylyl)tetrahydro-2h-pyran-3-ol (3). both isomers a and b of 1 (in regard to the methoxy group at c6) were used for the synthesis of 2 and 3. the in vit ... | 1976 | 814239 |
| extracellular deoxyribonuclease activity of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa cultured on deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) media containing nissan's heart extract or chicken heart extract could produce extracellular deoxyribonuclease, while on other dna media with heart extracts from cow, pig and mouse could not. variation in the kind of peptones in the dna media did not make significant difference in this activity, although some peptones caused cloudiness of the media. p. aeruginosa did not need cation activators of chloride compounds to produce extrace ... | 1975 | 816619 |
| diversity of beta-lactamase activity among clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli. | various properties (specific activity, inducibility, substrate profile, and susceptibility to inhibitors) of the beta-lactamase activity present in 39 strains of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated during a two-month period in the bacteriology laboratory of a large general hospital were investigated. among the 39 strains there appeared to be at least 16 distinct enzymes. most enzymes from escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and proteus morganii were act ... | 1976 | 817594 |
| ultraviolet susceptibility of bcg and virulent tubercle bacilli. | to test the effectiveness of irradiating the upper air of a room with ultraviolet light at reducing the concentration of airborne tubercle bacilli, the susceptibility to the germicidal effects of ultraviolet light, z, was determined for various mycobacteria. virulent tubercle bacilli and bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) were equally susceptible to ultraviolet radiation, whereas mycobacterium phlei had 10 times their resistance (z, approximately one-tenth that for m. tuberculosis). the effectiveness ... | 1976 | 817628 |
| selective activation of classical and alternative pathways of human complement by "promptly serum-sensitive" and "delayed serum-sensitive" strains of serratia marcescens. | chelation of fresh human serum with 0.01 m mgcl2 (mg) plus 0.01 m ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid failed to abrogate the bactericidal activity against "delayed serum-sensitive" strains of serratia marcescens, whereas previously "promptly serum-sensitive" strains of s. marcescens and control strain escherichia coli c were killed after an extended period of incubation. the addition of 0.01 m ethylenediametetracetate to fresh human serum neutralized bactericidal activity against s. marcescens of e ... | 1976 | 818023 |
| an indirect immunoradiometric assay of microbes. | | 1976 | 819619 |
| clinical experience with tobramycin in the treatment of infections due to gram-negative bacilli. | tobramycin, a new aminocyclitol antimicrobial agent, was administered parenterally to 28 patients infected with gram-negative bacilli. the dosage was 1.5 mg/kg every 8 hours, except in patients with renal insufficiency in whom the dosage interval was 10 times the serum creatinine in hours. serum levels after intramuscular administration were 3.9 +/- 1.6 mug/ml and 1.0 +/- 0.7 mug/ml at 2 and 8 hours, respectively. serum levels after intravenous administration were 4.6 +/- 0.5 mug/ml, 2.3 +/- 0.6 ... | 1976 | 820195 |
| comparative evaluation of five aminoglycosides for treatment. | gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, amikacin and kanamycin are compared for therapeutic use by correlating the in vitro minimal inhibitory concentration with the in vivo concentration of the antibiotic attainable in the serum at half the time intervall between two administrations of the drugs. using this method of evaluation, e. coli, enterobacter and sensitive strains of the klebsiella and pseudomonas species can be treated in principle equally well with gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin, and ... | 1976 | 820656 |
| similarities between plasmids of the p-incompatibility group derived from different bacterial genera. | the properties of four p-group plasmids, r26, r527, r751 and r906, which differ in resistance phenotype or in the bacterial species in which they were first detected, have been compared with the prototype of this group, rpi. two of the plasmids, r26 and r527, are new isolates which have been assigned to the p group because of their incompatibility with r751. the properties studied include response to aeruginocin and to male and female sex-specific phages, interaction with prophage b3 and fertili ... | 1976 | 820832 |
| an indirect radiolabelled antibody staining technique for the rapid detection and identification of bacteria. | | 1976 | 821910 |
| absence of bacterial resistance to povidone iodine. | povidone iodine is now being increasingly used in hospitals as an antiseptic. the possible habituation of bacteria to iodine was studied by serial passage of two strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, two strains of escherichia coli, two strains of klebsiella aerogenes, and one strain of serratia marcescens in subinhibitory concentrations. after 20 passages, no significant change was observed in the minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal bactericidal concentration, and killing times between paren ... | 1976 | 821972 |
| facultative wood-digesting bacteria from the hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus. | among the facultative bacteria capable of growth on mesquite wood which were isolated from the asceptically dissected hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus were two strains of bacillus cereus, one strain each of arthrobacter, alcaligenes and serratia, and a very small gram-negative fermentative rod. the b. cereus strains, the serratia marcescens strain and the arthrobacter sp. grew well on a mineral salts alpha-cellusose agar. one of the bacillus cereus strains and serratia marcescens ... | 1976 | 822127 |
| genetic effects of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and trofosfamide. | | 1976 | 822325 |
| oral vaccination against porteus mirabilis. | mice given a single dose of proteus vaccine orally were protected against 1 mld (minimum lethal dose) of autologous proteus mirabilis by the fourth day after vaccination. three doses of oral vaccine induced protection against 1 mld autologous challenge for 7 days after vaccination and partial protection for a further 8 weeks. cross-protection against different strains of pr. mirabilis and against some strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens and providencia species was found in mic ... | 1976 | 822863 |
| interference by neisseria gonorrhoeae growth by other bacterial species. | growth of neisseria gonorrhoeae from clinical specimens has been enhanced by the use of selective media that inhibit the simultaneous growth of other microorganisms. one explanation for this enhancement could be that certain other bacteria inhibit gonococcal growth. this hypothesis was examined by testing 167 bacterial isolates for in vitro gonococcal inhibition; 34.1% of the isolates failed to inhibit the gonococcus, but 12.0% produced weak inhibition and 53.9% strongly inhibited n. gonorrhoeae ... | 1976 | 823175 |
| susceptibility of "enterobacteria" to penicillins, cephalosporins, lincomycins, erythromycin, and rifampin. | agar dilution tests for susceptibility of gram-negative rods and enterococci were done with a number of penicillins, cephalosporins, lincomycin analogues, erythromycin, and rifampin. many in the first three categories were investigational drugs. all were generally less active than aminoglycoside and tetracycline antibiotics against gram-negative rods and more active against enterococci. cephalosporins as a group were more active than penicillins against klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli ... | 1976 | 823280 |
| false-positive blood cultures. association with nonsterile blood collection tubes. | a substantial increase in blood cultures positive for a serratia marcescens strain unusually sensitive to antibiotics was noted in two large hospitals within six months. because the patients' illnesses seemed incompatible with serratia bacteremia, contamination of blood cultures was suspected. investigation suggested that pediatric-sized vacuum tubes containing ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (edta) were the source of the organisms, and the epidemic strain of serratia was recovered from 41 (35% ... | 1976 | 824464 |
| susceptibility of clinically important gram-negative bacilli to 15 antibiotics. comparison of patterns in poland and federal republic of germany. | three hundred and sixty strains of gram-negative bacilli (escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, enterobacter cloacae, providencia, indole-positive and indole-negative proteus, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens), were isolated by random in poland and germany, and tested by agar dilution method for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents, including six cephalosporin derivatives, colistin, gentamycin and tobramycin, three newer tetracyclines, ampicillin and ... | 1976 | 824896 |
| microbiological hazard from the exhaust of a high-vacuum sterilizer. | data are presented which show the potential for release of viable microorganisms into the atmosphere from high-vacuum steam sterilizers during the evacuation cycle preceding application of steam under pressure. bacillus subtilis var. niger spores, serratia marcescens cells, and t1 coliphage disseminated into the sterilizer chamber as small particles from liquid suspensions, and dried spores of b. subtilis var. niger distributed on bulk discard materials were recovered from the atmosphere around ... | 1976 | 825044 |
| in vitro susceptibility of recently isolated gram-negative bacteria to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin. | the emergence of bacteria with r-factor-mediated resistance transferable to many strains of pseudomononas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, and some proteus and providencia species has been reported in hospitals in the rhine-main region of germany. in a comparative study, 1,250 strains belonging to 12 clinically important bacterial species were tested for susceptibility to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, and amikacin by the tube dilution methods. gentam ... | 1976 | 825585 |
| susceptibility of recently isolated bacteria to amikacin in vitro: comparisons with four other aminoglycoside antibiotics. | in vitro tests for susceptibility to amikacin and to four other aminoglycoside antibiotics were carried out with strains of many bacterial species by use of an agar dilution method and an inocula replicator. in general, amikacin was as active as or more active against most of the organims than kanamycin, neomycin, and streptomycin; in particular, amikacin was active against strains resistant to one or more of these three antibiotics. amikacin was more active than gentamicin against strains of no ... | 1976 | 825588 |
| irradiation of cells by single and double pulses of high intensity radiation: oxygen sensitization and diffusion kinetics. | the biological effects of ionizing radiation in living cells are the ultimate result of a long chain of events with the initial step being the local absorption of radiation. whereas such physical abosrption is probably over within 10(-16) s after dose delivery, the biological consequences of radiation do not manifest themselves until very much later times. between these two extremes of time, events occur relatively early at the molecular level which are undoubtedly critically related to the stil ... | 1976 | 826371 |
| [nucleic acids utilized as the main source of bacterial nutrition]. | secretion of dnases and rnases, respectively, was found in saprophyte bacteria isolated from nature and growing on media containing dna and rna. serratia marcescens and bacillus subtilis with a high nuclease activity can assimilate rna and dna as the main source of nutrition. ser. marcescens with a nuclease which attacks both dna and rna can grow equally well on these acids. bac. subtilis has a higher activity of rnase and grows better on rna. | 1976 | 826761 |
| [the effects of weak magnetic fields on bacteria]. | a stationary device was constructed for conducting experiments in a weak magnetic field. a ferromagnetic screen was used to produce in the working volume a magnetic-field of 26 nt. the effect of a weak magnetic field on the following bacteria was studied: e. coli communior, b. prodigiosum, staphylococcus aureus 209, and bac. anthracoides. cultivation of the bacteria in these conditions for a long time resulted in changes of their tinctorial, morphological, cultural, and biochemical properties. | 1976 | 827667 |
| [on the growth of various enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and alkaligenes spec. in distilled water, de-ionized water, tap water, and mineral salt solution (author's transl)]. | the behaviour of 12 strains of gram-negative bacteria was analysed in media having a low content of nutrients. sterile tap water, de-ionized water, aqua bidestillata and mineral salt solution were used. it was found that serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter, klebsiella and citrobacter are those with the most frequently observed growth. in the mineral salt solution survived also providencia, e. coli, erwinia, hafnia, and alkaligenes and reached max. colony numbers of some 100 ... | 1976 | 828367 |
| [swimming plastic toy-animals as biotopes of microorganisms and possible source of infant infections (author's transl)]. | infants are particularly jeopardized as regards oral infection, because they like to put all kinds of things in their mouth. in swimming plastic toy-animals, which are mainly used in bathtubs and from which children might suck water into their mouths, more than 4 million germs/ml (when rinsed with 5 ml tryptone/nacl solution) were found. in addition thereto, the liquid contained various types of enterobacteriaceae such as serratia marcescens (up to 150000/ml) as well as p. aeruginosa (up to 8000 ... | 1976 | 828370 |
| prevalence and characterization of resistance to gentamicin in gram-negative bacteria. | a survey of the occurrence of resistance to gentamicin in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria revealed a 3-fold increase in the percentage of resistant strains between 1974 (4%), and 1976 (12%). gentamicin resistance was mainly found in isolates from hospitalized patients. serratia (35--78%), proteus inconstans (53--62%), klebsiella (6--21%), acinetobacter (9--17%) and pseudomonas (9--14%) exhibited the highest percentage of resistance to this drug. gentamicin inactivating enzymes were d ... | 1976 | 829605 |
| the microbiology of evacuated blood collection tubes. | a collaborative study involving 20 clinical laboratories representing diverse geographical regions was organized to examine the microbiology of evacuated blooc collection tubes. overall, 14% of the 1433 tubes examined contained microorganisms representing a variety of bacteria and fungi. of note was the finding that nearly 9% of tubes with yellow closures, which are stated to be sterile by the manufacturers, contained bacteria, including pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococci, serratia marcescens, ... | 1977 | 835941 |
| mezlocillin: in vitro studies of a new broad-spectrum penicillin. | mezlocillin is a new semisynthetic penicillin that inhibited 71% of the isolates of serratia marcescens, 67% of escherichia coli, 50% of enterobacter spp., and 49% of klebsiella spp. at a concentration of 12.5 mug/ml. it is also active against both indole-positive and -negative proteus spp. and gram-positive cocci, except penicillin g-resistant staphylococcus aureus. at a concentration of 100 mug/ml, it inhibited 94% of the isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa. it is more active than ampicillin, c ... | 1977 | 836016 |
| cell wall studies of histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis using autologous and heterologous enzymes. | enzymes capable of hydrolyzing cell walls of blastomyces dermatitidis and chemotypes i and ii of histoplasma capsulatum were prepared in the laboratory or obtained from commercial sources. they included chitinases, beta-1,3-glucanases, beta-1,6-glucanase, and pronase. monosaccharides and disaccharides of glucose released from the cell walls by the enzymes were determined qualitatively by paper and gas-liquid chromatography, and monosaccharides were quantitated by the latter technique as well. an ... | 1977 | 870437 |
| in vitro studies on netilmicin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic. | netilmicin, a semisynthetic derivative of sisomicin, was tested in vitro against 600 clinical bacterial isolates. at a concentration of 1.56 mug/ml, over 90% of gram-negative bacilli were inhibited. netilmicin was substantially more active against isolates of serratia marcescens and enterobacter spp. than gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, or amikacin. isolates of staphylococcus aureus (both penicillin g susceptible and resistant) were quite susceptible to netilmicin. most isolates of klebsiella ... | 1977 | 879746 |
| bl-s786, a new parenteral cephalosporin. i. a collaborative in vitro susceptibility comparison to cephalothin against 5,762 clinical bacterial isolates. | the in vitro activity of compound bl-s786 was compared with that of cephalothin against 5,762 clinical isolates by the microdilution broth method. bl-s786 demonstrated a broader spectrum and a significantly lower mic against the enterobacteriaceae. although greater susceptibility to bl-s786 than to cephalothin was exhibited by serratia marcescens, proteus morganii and proteus vulgaris, these three species were generally resistant to both drugs. by contrast, the staphylococci were significantly m ... | 1977 | 893226 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of t-1220, a new semisynthetic penicillin. | t-1220, sodium 6-[d-(-)-alpha-(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-1-piperazinylcarbonyl-amino)- alpha-phenylacetamido] penicillanate, is a new semisynthetic penicillin derivative that possesses a broad spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. t-1220 is more effective than carbenicillin (cb-pc) against pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus species, and serratia marcescens. addition of human serum to culture media did not significantly alter the ... | 1977 | 921239 |
| a new pencillin with anti-klebsiella activity: 3-(5-tetrazolyl) penam. | the in vitro activity of a new semi-synthetic penicillin, cp-35,587, 3-(5-tetrazolyl) penam, was investigated against 496 clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli and 113 clinical isolates of gram-positive cocci. all of the gram-positive cocci were sensitive to cp-35,587 except penicillin g resistant isolates of staphylococcus aureus. this antibiotic inhibited a majority of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp. and proteus mirabilis at a concentration of 6.25 microgram/ml. also, approx ... | 1977 | 924895 |
| antimicrobials commonly used for urinary tract infection: sulfonamides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin, nalidixic acid. | sulfonamides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nitrofurantoin, and nalidixic acid are excreted in the urine in high concentration and, with the exception of pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens, are all active in vitro against usual aerobic gram-negative bacteria. they are useful for treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in an outpatient setting but are probably not indicated for acute upper tract infections, especially in the hospitalized patient. trimethoprim-sulfam ... | 1977 | 926843 |
| effect of refrigeration on bactericidal activity of four preserved multiple-dose injectable drug products. | the influence of refrigeration on the bactericidal capability of preservative systems in multiple-dose injectable drug products was studied. commercially available multiple-dose injectable drug products containing preservatives--atropine/phenol, lidocaine/methylparaben, cyanocobalamin/benzyl alcohol and diphenhydramine/benzethonium chloride--were divided into two groups, one to be maintained under refrigeration (5c) and the other to be maintained at room temperature (25c). in separate tests the ... | 1977 | 930936 |
| antibacterial activity of selected beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics against cephalothin-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of four beta-lactam antibiotics (cefatrizine [bl-s640], cefamandole, cefoxitin, and carbenicillin) and three aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin) was determined against 197 strains of cephalothin-resistant enterobacteriaceae. eighty strains were found to be gentamicin-sensitive, and 117 were found to be gentamicin-resistant. carbenicillin was the most active beta-lactam antibiotic against gentamicin-sensitive serratia marcescens and enterobac ... | 1976 | 949175 |
| safety and efficacy of the antiseptic chlorhexidine gluconate. | chlorhexidine gluconate, an antiseptic for the skin, has recently been investigated in a series of clinical studies on its safety and efficacy. by using standard methods, hibiclens, hibitane tinted tincture and 0.5 per cent aqueous chlorhexidine gluconate were shown to have an extremely low potential for the production of irritation, allergic contact sensitization, photoallergic contact sensitization and phototoxicity. in the glove fluid test for efficacy against resident flora of the hand, hibi ... | 1976 | 982260 |
| laboratory evaluation of 3-(5-tetrazolyl) penam, a new semisynthetic beta-lactam antibacterial agent with extended broad-spectrum activity. | in the new agent 3-(5-tetrazolyl)penam, hereafter referred to as cp-35,587, the carboxyl function at c3 in the penicillin nucleus has been replaced with the 5-tetrazolyl moiety. marked changes in spectrum and resistance to gram-negative beta-lactamases, particularly with regard to klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, were conferred by this modification. the anti-klebsiella activity clearly distinguishes the antibacterial spectrum of cp-35,587 from any known broad-spectrum penicillin. compared to oral ... | 1976 | 984745 |
| comparison of activity of sisomicin and gentamicin in mouse protection tests with gram-negative bacilli. | the efficacy of sisomicin and gentamicin was compared in mouse protection studies against strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., enterobacter aerogenes, serratia marcescens, proteus mirabilis, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. there was no significant difference in mortality of the mice in any of the protocol groups when five different dosages of sisomicin and gentamicin given by three separate schedules were compared for each bacterial inoculum in each antibiotic protocol. the mean protective d ... | 1976 | 984779 |
| comparison of the antibacterial activity of nine cephalosporins against enterobacteriaceae and nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of nine cephalosporins (cephalothin, cephaloridine, cephalexin, cefazolin, cefamandole, cefuroxime, cefatrizine, cefoxitin, and cefazaflur) was determined against 344 strains of enterobacteriaceae and 99 nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli. cefamandole, cefazaflur, and cefuroxime were the most active cephalosporins against the enterobacteriaceae (with the exception of serratia marcescens). however, cefoxitin was the only cephalosporin that inhibited all 30 s ... | 1976 | 984801 |
| ceftezole, a new cephalosporin c derivative i. in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity. | ceftezole, a new cephalosporin antibiotic similar to cefazolin, has the following chemical structure: (6r,7r)-8-oxo-7[2-(1h-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido]-3-[(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-carboxylic acid. ceftezole was found to be a broad-spectrum antibiotic, active in vitro against many species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens and proteus vulgaris. the activity of ceftezole against clinical isolates ... | 1976 | 994325 |
| a rapid method of disinfecting the bronchofiberscope. | a method of disinfecting the bronchofiberscope that requires 5 minutes was tested against mycobacterium tuberculosis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans, influenza virus, and rhinovirus. the bronchofiberscope was contaminated with either sputum or mucin containing the microorganism. disinfection was performed by washing the inner channel and the outer sheath with a hexachlorophene detergent followed by a solution containing ... | 1976 | 1008353 |
| [possibilities of an ergonomically designed working place]. | starting from a conventional stomatological work place, the author shows how to arrive stepwise, by reconstruction and new aquisitions, at two conceptions which enable the treating team to work in seated position. | 1975 | 1057288 |
| a new translocation associated with the ph1 chromosome and an acute course of chronic granulocytic leukaemia. | | 1975 | 1057443 |
| effect of manipulative variables on the properties of a polycarboxylate cement. | strength and film thickness increased in polycarboxylate cement as the powder liquid ratio is increased and there is a tendency to reduction in adhesion which was more marked when cementation was delayed for three minutes with a 2:1 powder liquid ratio. | 1975 | 1057896 |
| [the acute vestibular paralysis (author's transl)]. | acute vestibular paralysis may not be considered as a nosologic entity but as a syndrome. symptomatology (vertigo, spontaneous and provoked vestibular nystagmus, absence of cochlear signs) shows an uniform picture. the results of the caloric test as well as the nystagmic responses induced by galvanic stimulation and the development of central vestibular compensation however indicate that the site of the lesion is not only confined to the labyrinth but may also occur at the level of the periphera ... | 1975 | 1081389 |
| pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis. | a case of xanthelasmoidea (pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis) occurring in a 50-year-old iranian man is described. the patient had a large upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage. | 1975 | 1081401 |
| persistence of anti-immunoglobulin on the lymphocyte surface. | | 1976 | 1087371 |
| partial characterization and purification of a rabbit granulocyte factor that increases permeability of escherichia coli. | recently we reported that rapid killing of escherichia coli by granulocytes or granulocyte fractions is accompanied by an equally rapid and discrete increase in permeability of the microbial envelope (beckerdite, mooney, weiss, franson, and elsbach. 1974. j. exp. med. 140: 396-409). most of this permeability-increasing activity (pi) is found in a crude granule preparation. pi is quantitatively recovered in a 23,000-g supernatant fraction (sup ii) after sulfuric acid extraction of granulocyte hom ... | 1975 | 1088909 |
| persistent serratia bacteremia associated with drug abuse. | | 1975 | 1089008 |
| selective sputum cultures. a bronchial culture technique using a modified nasotracheal suction catheter with a sterile, inner telescoping cannula. | the contamination of expectorated or catheter-aspirated sputum specimens by pathogenic microorganisms which have colonized the nose and oropharynx remains a formidable obstacle to the accurate interpretation of sputum cultures. this problem is encountered in all forms of acute and chronic bronchopulmonary infection. a standard suctioning technique via a nasotracheal catheter has been modified with a telescoping sterile inner cannula to obtain uncontaminated bronchopulmonary secretions for cultur ... | 1975 | 1089176 |
| rapid biological and chemical analyses of bacterial endotoxins separated by preparative thin-layer chromatography. | | 1975 | 1089300 |
| r factors from serratia marcescens. | in recent years, serratia marcescens has become established in certain localities as an agent of hospital infection and cross-infection (clayton & von graevenitz, 1966; wilfert, barrett & kass, 1968; davis, foltz & blakemore, 1970; wilkowske, washington, martin & ritts, 1970). in general, strains of s. marcescens isolated from infective lesions differ from those from other sources in being non-pigmented and antibiotic resistant (ewing, johnson & david, 1962; clayton & von graevenitz, 1966). mede ... | 1975 | 1089756 |
| irradiation of serratia marcescens by single and double pulses of high-intensity electrons: oxygen diffusion kinetics and lifetime of oxygen-sensitive species. | | 1975 | 1089988 |
| renal transplantation. complications in patients with juvenile diabetes. | four cases of patients with juvenile diabetes who received kidney transplants are reported. problems with selection and management are discussed, and the high mortality and morbidity rates in this group of patients is emphasized. | 1975 | 1090044 |
| [use of prodigiozan in serosols after cryotonsillotomy]. | | 1975 | 1090061 |
| effect of chlorpromazine on the respiration and hexose monophosphate dehydrogenases of gram-negative bacteria. | the drug chlorpromazine inhibits respiration in several gram-negative bacteria. the enzymes glucose-6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from these microorganisms are not affected by the drug. | 1975 | 1090352 |
| phagocytosis of cryptococcus neoformans by alveolar macrophages. | guinea pig pulmonary macrophages phagocytized but did not kill nonencapsulated cells of cryptococcus neoformans. the phagocytic process was inhibited by cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide. pulmonary macrophages, activated by preinjecting heat-killed bacteria into intact animals, did not kill the engulfed yeast cells. labeled cells of c. neoformans were neither killed nor cleared from guinea pig lungs 6 h postexposure. the results of our experiments indicate that during the first few hours afte ... | 1975 | 1090528 |
| cornea-damaging proteases of serratia marcescens. | fractionation of the culture supernatant fluids of serratia marcescens, strain bg, by ammonium sulfate precipitation, isoelectric focusing, ion-exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite adsorption chromatography, and gel filtration failed to separate the rabbit cornea-damaging activity and the in vitro protease activity of the preparations. two proteases having similar molecular weights (44,000), estimated by gel filtration, and isoelectric points of approximately 5.0 and 5.3 were obtained free of ... | 1975 | 1090557 |
| construction of a colicin e1-r factor composite plasmid in vitro: means for amplification of deoxyribonucleic acid. | a composite plasmid has been constructed in vitro from colicin e1 factor (mass of 4.2 megadaltons [md]) and nontransmissible resistance factor rsf 1010 (mass, 5.5. md) deoxyribonucleic acids (dnas) by the sequential action of escherichia coli endonuclease (ri (eco ri) and t4 phage dna ligase on the covalently closed circular forms of the constituents. the composite plasmid was selected and amplified in vivo by sequential transformation of e. coli c600 with the ligated mixture and selection of tr ... | 1975 | 1090574 |
| [antibiotics in newborns and young infants]. | localized and generalized infections in newborns nowadays are mostly due to gram negative bacteria (e. coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, pseudomonas pyocyanea, serratia marcescens et al.). unspecific treatment causes an increasing rate of resistance, as shown by an account of our own experiences. tobramycin, gentamycin, and cefazolin appear to be particularly promising antibiotics to avoid the development of resistance though their pharmacokinetics in the newborn have to be considered carefully. b ... | 1975 | 1090810 |
| effects of human and rabbit serum on viability, permeability, and envelope lipids of serratia marcescens. | the major action of serum on gram-negative organisms is thought to be on the microbial envelope. we compared the effects of normal human and rabbit serum on the envelope lipids of two strains of serratia marcescens, one sensitive and one resistant to the bactericidal effects of serum. during killing by either serum, the sensitive strain underwent rapid permeability changes coincident with degradation of microbial phospholipids. the resistant strain exhibited none of these effects. the phospholip ... | 1975 | 1091552 |
| chemistry of cephalosporin antibiotics. 30. 3-methoxy- and 3-halo-3-cephems. | the exo-methylene group in esters of 7-acylamido- and 7-amino-3-methylenecephams was ozonized to give 3-hydroxy-3-cephems. conditions are described to effect a selective n-acylation of a 3-hydroxy-3-cephem nucleus ester. vilsmeier reagents converted 7-acylamido-3-hydroxy compounds to 3-halo-3-cephem derivatives. diazomethane converted the 3-hydroxy compounds to 3-methoxy-3-cephem derivatives. removal of the ester-protecting group at the c4-carboxyl afforded a select group of cephalosporins with ... | 1975 | 1091736 |
| stereoselective reduction of cobalt(iii) complexes by bacteria. | a strain of enterobacter cloacae, isolated from soil, reduces racemic abdtriglycinatocobalt(iii), triglycinatocobalt(iii), stereoselectively under anaerobic conditions; washed suspensions oc cells, grown anaerobically in the absence of triglycinatocobalt(iii) initially reduce the l-enantiomer stereospecifically under argon yielding a labile co(ii) chelate. an approximately 5-fold increase in the rate of reduction of the complex occurs using cells disrupted by 2-phenylethanol; decomposition now p ... | 1975 | 1092371 |
| homology between the deoxyribonucleic acid of fertility factor p and vibrio cholerae chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. | the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) of the vibrio cholerae fertility factor p was isolated by the dye-buoyant density method and hybridized to v. cholerae chromosomal dna. the dna of this fertility plasmid had between 35 to 40% homology with the v. cholerae chromosomal dna. little or no homology was detected between the p factor dna and dna of the escherichia coli sex factor f. | 1975 | 1092651 |
| time-resolved oxygen effects in irradiated bacteria and mammalian cells: a rapid-mix study. | | 1975 | 1093224 |
| outbreaks of serratia marcescens infections in a cardiothoracic surgical intensive care unit. | an outbreak of infections with pigmented serratia marcescens involving 3 patients in a cardiothoracic surgical intensive care unit is reported. a respirator is thought to have been the source of pneumonia in 2 patients, and fomite spread from 1 of these is considered responsible for the induction of fatal endocarditis in the third patient. this outbreak demonstrates the rapid dissemination of a bacterial strain within the unit, several methods of dissemination, the wide variation in apparent vir ... | 1975 | 1093494 |