| recognition of individual procaryotic and eucaryotic transfer-ribonucleic acids by b subtilis adenine-1-methyltransferase specific for the dihydrouridine loop. | bulk trna from yeast and rat liver can be methylated in vitro with -adenosylmethionine and b, subtilis extracts. the sole product formed is 1-methyladenosine (m1a). this trna (adenine-1) methyltransferase converts quantitatively the 3'-terminal adenosine-residue in the dihydrouridine-loop of trnathr and trnatyr from yeast into m1a. out of 16 eucaryotic trnas with known sequences 6 accepted methyl groups, all at a molar ratio of 1. these trnas have in common an unpaired adenosine-residue at the s ... | 1978 | 99729 |
| mechanism of integrating foreign dna during transformation of bacillus subtilis. | genes encoding thymidylate synthetase from bacillus subtilis bacteriophages were cloned in escherichia coli. chimeric plasmids pcd1 and pcd3 were constructed from site-specific endonuclease digests of bacteriophage phi3t dna cloned in pmb9 in e. coli. similar cloning techniques with bacteriophage beta22 dna yielded chimeric plasmids pcd4, pcd5, and pcd6. endonuclease digests of dna from pcd1 and pcd3 propagated in e. coli or from dna isolated from bacteriophage phi3t propagated in b. subtilis tr ... | 1978 | 99740 |
| [the antibacterial activity of diphenhydramine (author's transl)]. | diphenhydramine (n,n-dimethyl-2-diphenyl-methoxy-ethylamine) [n,n-dimethyl-2-(diphenylmethoxy)-ethylamin] (dph) is a well-known local anaesthetic and an antagonist of both acetylcholine and histamine. we tested its antibacterial efficacy by means of three different investigation methods, i.e. microcalorimetry, continuous density measurement and the microdilution test to find out the mic of this compound against various bacteria. dph inhibits the growth of e. coli and klebsiella strains at a conc ... | 1978 | 99881 |
| assessment of wound contamination by wound irrigation. experimental investigations on quantitative recovery of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. | the quantitative recovery of e. coli, s. faecalis and b. fragilis from operative abdominal wounds was investigated in pigs in an experimental model suitable for statistical calculations. wounds were contaminated in groups of ten with different numbers of either a single bacterial species or a mixture of two species. the wound was irrigated with saline 20 minutes after contamination. significant differences in recovery were found between the bacterial species investigated. expressed as percentage ... | 1978 | 99976 |
| high molecular weight ribosomal ribonucleic acid from vegetative hyphae and spores of streptomyces griseus. | high molecular weight ribosomal ribonucleic acids (rrnas) were isolated from young vegetative cells and spores of a streptomycin non-producing streptomyces griseus, and their electrophoretic mobility was compared to each other and to that of rrnas of escherichia coli k-12. the electrophoretic mobility of 23 and 16s rrnas from vegetative cells and spores of s. griseus was identical, but the 23s rrnas of streptomyces ribosomes migrated more slowly on polyacrylamide gel than those of e. coli riboso ... | 1978 | 99988 |
| enzyme assay in cultures of escherichia coli by a continuous flow method based on lysis from without by a phage ghost. | | 1978 | 100023 |
| effect of a staphylococcin on neisseria gonorrhoeae. | phage group 2 staphylococcal strain ut0002 contains a large 56s virulence plasmid with genes that code for both exfoliative toxin and a specific staphylococcin termed bac r(1). four penicillinase-producing strains and three penicillin-susceptible strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae were killed by bac r(1). after 30 min of growth of the penicillin-resistant tr1 strain in 62.5 arbitrary units of bac r(1) per ml, loss of viability was approximately 90%, and, after 5 h, an approximately 99.99% loss of ... | 1978 | 100049 |
| automated food microbiology: potential for the hydrophobic grid-membrane filter. | bacterial counts obtained on hydrophobic grid-membrane filters were comparable to conventional plate counts for pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus in homogenates from a range of foods. the wide numerical operating range of the hydrophobic grid-membrane filters allowed sequential diluting to be reduced or even eliminated, making them attractive as components in automated systems of analysis. food debris could be rinsed completely from the unincubated hydrophobic g ... | 1978 | 100054 |
| cooperative binding of mn2+ and non-cooperative binding of mg2+ to beta-galactosidase (e. coli). | | 1978 | 100107 |
| addition of poly(adenylic acid) to rna using polynucleotide phosphorylase: an improved method for electron microscopic visualization of rna-dna hybrids. | we have observed that the enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylas from m. luteus or from e. coli will polymerize adenosine (a) from adenosine diphosphate onto 3' ends of rna molecules. for gene mapping, the poly(a)-tailed rna is hybridized to its complementary sequence on a longer dna strand. the position of the poly(a)tail, and thus the position of the 3' end of the rna on the dna strand, can then be observed by electron microscopy. our preferred mapping technique involves the synthesis of a poly(a) ... | 1978 | 100138 |
| dna synthesis in toluene-treated bacteriophage-infected minicells or bacillus subtilis. | bateriophage (phi29, spp1, or spo1)-infected, toluene-treated minicells of bacillus subtilis are capable of limited amounts of non-replicative dna synthesis as measured by incorporation of [3h]dttp into a trichloroacetic acid-precipitable form. the [3h]dttp is covalently incorporated into small dna fragments which result from the degradation of a small percentage of the infecting phage genomes (molecular weights in the range of 2 . 10(5)). short exposure of the dna molecules containing the incor ... | 1978 | 100140 |
| an immunological determination of specific activities of enzymes: its use in quantification of cross reactivity between enzymes of different origins. | an immunological method is presented which enables the determination of the specific activity of a pure enzyme without its extensive purification. the method consists essentially in the specific fixation of immunologically related enzymes to an immunoadsorbent containing specific antibodies raised against the wild-type form of the enzyme. we applied this method to determine the specific activity of plasmid-coded beta-galactosidases and to quantify the extent of cross-reaction between these enzym ... | 1978 | 100146 |
| molecular cloning and expression in e. coli of a yeast gene coding for beta-galactosidase. | the yeast kluyveromyces lactis synthesizes a beta-galactosidase (ec 3.2.1.32) which is inducible by lactose. we have isolated the gene that codes for this enzyme using recombinant dna techniques. k. lactis dna was partially digested with the restriction endonuclease eco r1 and joined to eco r1-digested pbr322 plasmid dna using dna ligase. ligase. a lac-mutant of escherichia coli lacking the structural gene for beta-galactosidase was transformed with ligated dna. three lac+ transformants containi ... | 1978 | 100226 |
| ions, ion-pairs and catalysis by the lacz beta-galactosidase of escherichia coli. | | 1978 | 100348 |
| marmoset species variation in the humoral antibody response: in vivo and in vitro studies. | a comparison of the in vivo and in vitro antibody response capabilities of two marmoset species, saguinus fuscicollis and saguinus oedipus oedipus, revealed the former to be superior in elaborating humoral antibody. in vivo challenges with escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) and salmonella typhi flagella consistently yielded higher antibody titres in s. fuscicollis; indeed, with lps antigen, multiple inoculations of s.o. oedipus marmosets led ultimately to a decrease in antibody formation, ... | 1978 | 100417 |
| immunological comparison of the proteins of chicken and rat liver ribosomes. | a comparison of the proteins of chicken and rat liver ribosomes using immunochemical techniques was undertaken. the procedures included quantitative precipitation, passive hemagglutination, and immunodiffusion on ouchterlony plates. the results indicate that antisera specific for chicken or rat liver ribosomes recognize only about 20% of common determinants. while there are important reservations, the results suggest extensive differences in the proteins of rat and chicken liver ribosomes. despi ... | 1978 | 100494 |
| hygiene in the prevention of udder infections. iv. evaluation of teat dips with excised cows' teats. | suspensions of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, escherichia coli, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were used to contaminate teats excised from cows. commercially available teat dips were applied for evaluation of comparative germicidal activity. iodophors, sodium hypochlorite, and sodium dichloro-s-triazenetrione were highly effective against all four test organisms. quarternary ammonium, chlorhexidine, and cetylpyridinium chloride were effective against staphylococcus aureus, and stre ... | 1978 | 100535 |
| degradation of missense mutant beta-galactosidase proteins in escherichia coli k-12. | ten out of 43 missense mutations in the lacz gene of escherchia coli gave rise to polypeptide chains that were degraded in vivo. while many of the mutants appeared to be fully or partially crm-, there appeared to be no obvious correlation between degradation, map position, altered subunit association and the half-life of the mutant proteins. | 1978 | 100672 |
| [comparative study of the bactericidal action of the body of ornithodoros papillipes ticks]. | experiments in vivo have shown that the ticks of ornithodoros papillipes inhibit both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. on gram-positive microorganisms most sensitive to bactericidal effect of ticks have turned to be micrococci, staphylococci, streptococci and bacteria of diphtheria, of gram-negative ones--bacillus coli. of gram-positive microorganisms less sensitive were listeria, of gram-negative ones--salmonellae, agents of tularemia and pseudotuberculosis. at the infection with bacte ... | 1978 | 100756 |
| escherichia coli shock in the baboon and the response to adrenocorticosteroid treatment. | results of recent studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that methylprednisolone sodium succinate increases the survival rate of dogs given ld100 escherichia coli endotoxin. this study was undertaken to determine the effects of methylprednisolone on the baboon infused with live escherichia coli organisms. awake baboons were paired by infusing intravenously comparable doses of escherichia coli during a five hour period. baboons given methylprednisolone received bolus injections of 30 mill ... | 1978 | 100890 |
| monitoring bacterial resistance to restricted antibiotics. | data on patterns of resistance of eight strains of bacteria toward various restricted antibiotics were collected from 18 public health laboratories in czechoslovakia. development of bacterial resistance to gentamicin and colistin did not appear to follow the resistance patterns of bacteria toward more commonly used antibiotics, but there did appear to be a tendency of mutual coresistance to those two drugs in e. coli and pseudomonas strains. similarly, oxacillin coresistance was found in lincomy ... | 1978 | 101082 |
| surface immunoglobulin in immunoproliferative diseases. | malignant b cells may originate from any of the stages of differentiation of b cells, primarily from igm bearing b cells. the malignant b cells maintain a limited potential for differentiation. in addition to surface immunoglobulins, various markers may be present on the b cell surface; when surface ig cannot be identified, these markers are used to identify b cells. however, for practical purposes, the detection of surface ig is most important in the identification of b cells in immunoprolifera ... | 1978 | 101125 |
| proposed ticarcillin disk control values for escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa: multicenter cooperative study. | in a multicenter cooperative controlled study, individual test, accuracy, and precision control values were determined for 75-mug ticarcillin disks with escherichia coli atcc 25922 and pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853. | 1978 | 101134 |
| effect of hydrostatic tensile stress on the growth of escherichia coli and bacillus cereus. | the specific growth rates of escherichia coli and bacillus cereus were measured for growth media in a flask, a lens-plate arrangement simulating an isolated capillary space, and a lens-plate arrangement under hydrostatic tensile stress. the specific growth rates of the bacteria were the same for the flask and lens-plate arrangement without hydrostatic tensile stress, but were enhanced when the growth media were subjected to hydrostatic tensile stress. the enhanced specific growth rates reached s ... | 1978 | 101141 |
| combined action of escherichia coli glycogen synthase and branching enzyme in the so-called "unprimed" polyglucoside synthesis. | | 1978 | 101153 |
| serum thyroxin levels during hyperthermia evoked in the monkey by intrahypothalamic injection of pge1, 5-ht or pyrogen. | serotonin (5-ht), prostaglandin e1 (pge1) or a bacterial pyrogen (e. coli or s. typhosa) was microinjected in a volume of 1.0--1.5 microliter into the hypothalamus of the unanesthetized monkey to evoke a long-term hyperthermia. samples of venous blood collected every 15 min, before, during and after each fever were analyzed by radioimmunoassay for plasma thyroxin levels. there was no statistically significant correlation between plasma thyroxin values and a given phase of the hyperthermic episod ... | 1978 | 101286 |
| involvement of the escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system in regulation of transcription of catabolic genes. | synthesis of catabolite-sensitive enzymes is repressed in mutants defective in the general proteins (enzyme i and hpr) of the escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (ptsi and ptsh mutations). to elucidate the mechanism of this phenomenon we constructed isogenic strains carrying pts mutations as well as different lesions of regulation of the lac operon or mutations affecting adenylate cyclase activity (cya mutation) and synthesis of cyclic amp-receptor protein (c ... | 1978 | 101372 |
| isolation and characterization of rna polymerase b from the larval fat body of the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. | dna-dependent rna polymerase b has been extensively purified from the larval fat body of the tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta) by employing chromatography on ion-exchange columns of deae-sephadex, deae-cellulose and phosphocellulose and centrifugation on glycerol gradients. the isolated enzyme after electrophoresis on acrylamide gels shows one main band and one minor band, both having enzyme activity sensitive to alpha-amanitin. the catalytic and physicochemical properties of the enzyme are simil ... | 1978 | 101373 |
| the conformation of escherichia coli phenylalanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid. | | 1978 | 101409 |
| carcinogenicity of 4-nitrosoquinoline 1-oxide and its possible role in carcinogenesis by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. | 4-nitrosoquinoline 1-oxide induced malignant tumors at the subcutaneous site of injection in mice. it affected escherichia coli to induce the so-called uv-type lesion in cellular dna. dna base-quinoline adducts produced by the treatment of mammalian cellular dna with this carcinogen were proved to be identical with those obtained by the action of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. although this carcinogen was reactive enough to modify dna chemically by itself, a different dna modification took place in a ... | 1978 | 101415 |
| deletion plasmids from transformants of pseudomonas aeruginosa trp cells with the rsf1010-trp hybrid plasmid and high levels of enzyme activity from the gene on the plasmid. | a rsf1010-trp hybrid plasmid which contained the tryptophan operon of escherichia coli was introduced into pseudomonas aeruginosa trp cells by transformation. from the trp+ transformants several deletion plasmids were obtained, and their physical maps with restriction endonucleases were constructed. p. aeruginosa trp cells with these plasmids showed at first more than 100 times higher levels of tryptophan synthetase beta activity over that of the control p. aeruginosa wild-type cells, but these ... | 1978 | 101514 |
| purification and properties of a bacillus subtilis endonuclease specific for apurinic sites in dna. | an endonuclease which hydrolyzes depurinated dna has been purified from extracts of bacillus subtilis cells. the endonuclease is a monomeric protein and has a molecular weight of around 56,000. the enzyme is specific for apurinic sites in double-stranded dna, has a ph optimum at 8.0, and is slightly stimulated with 50 mm nacl but completely inhibited with 500 mm nacl. it requires no divalent cations and is insensitive to edta; it has no associated exonuclease. these properties are very similar t ... | 1978 | 101548 |
| a test for 'hygienic' hand disinfection. | a standardised test procedure is described in which finger-tips are inoculated with broth cultures of organisms (staphylococcus aureus, staphyloccocus saprophyticus, escherichia coli, and pseudomonas aeruginosa): counts are made from washings of hands after disinfection with various antiseptic-detergents, alcoholic solutions, or unmedicated soap. 70% alcohol, with or without chlorhexidine, was the most effective preparation. the two antiseptic detergents showed variable results, but against gram ... | 1978 | 101554 |
| dominant constitutive mutations in malt, the positive regulator gene of the maltose regulon in escherichia coli. | | 1978 | 101676 |
| a pathologic study of escherichia coli shock in the baboon and the response to adrenocorticosteroid treatment. | | 1978 | 102044 |
| liberation of endotoxin during growth of neisseria meningitidis in a chemically-defined medium. | modified medium 199 is well suited to the growth of meningococci if rich growth is not necessary. the bacteria were very sensitive to changes in ph and needed a good buffer capacity of the medium. four strains of neisseria meningitidis were studied. after the stationary phase had been reached, the vital cell count decreased relatively slowly. however, the total cell count remained unchanged for at least 12 hours. the standardized e. coli endotoxin could be detected easily by the limulus lysate t ... | 1978 | 102109 |
| comparison of the in vitro activity of bay k 4999 and piperacillin, two new antipseudomonal broad-spectrum penicillins, with other beta-lactam drugs. | bay k 4999 and piperacillin, two new substituted ampicillins, were compared with other beta-lactam antibiotics, including carbenicillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, and cefoxitin, against a wide range of gram-positive and -negative organisms. bay k 4999 and piperacillin were extremely active against pseudomonas aeruginosa (50% inhibited by 2 mug/ml), being about 16-fold more active than carbenicillin. bay k 4999 was the most active drug against escherichia coli (50% in ... | 1978 | 102245 |
| quantitative assessment of bactericidal activities of beta-lactam antibiotics by agar plate method. | quantitative bactericidal activities of beta-lactam antibiotics were determined by the agar plate method. broth cultures, of which the colony-forming units were counted before the study, were inoculated on antibiotic-containing agar plates, utilizing a 10(-3), 10(-2), or 10(-1) dilution or undiluted culture plated with each 0.001-ml calibrated loop. these plates were incubated at 37 degrees c overnight, and the minimal drug concentration at which no bacterial growth was observed on the plates wa ... | 1978 | 102246 |
| new antipseudomonal penicillin, pc-904: affinity to penicillin-binding proteins and inhibition of the enzyme cross-linking peptidoglycan. | the mechanism of action of a new antipseudomonal penicillin, pc-904, was studied with respect to its binding affinities to penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) and its inhibitory activities on cross-linking enzymes of peptidoglycan synthesis in vitro. pc-904 showed especially high affinity (compared with that of penicillin g) to escherichia coli pbp-3. it also had high affinities to pbp-2 and -1bs and low affinities to pbp-1a, -4, -5, and -6. similar results were obtained with pseudomonas aerugino ... | 1978 | 102247 |
| effect of beta-lactam antibiotics on in vitro peptidoglycan cross-linking by a particulate fraction from escherichia coli k-12 and bacillus megaterium km. | the binding constants of several beta-lactam antibiotics towards penicillin-binding components in escherichia coli k-12 (spratt, eur. j. biochem. 72:341-352, 1977) and the antibiotic concentrations required to inhibit the peptidoglycan transpeptidase of e. coli 50% were compared. penicillin-binding component 1b may have been the transpeptidase working in vitro. the structure-activity relationships of beta-lactam antibiotics and the mechanisms of action in e. coli and bacillus megaterium are disc ... | 1978 | 102248 |
| de novo synthesis of escherichia coli glycogen is due to primer associated with glycogen synthase and activation by branching enzyme. | | 1978 | 102249 |
| a cloned drosophila dna fragment which codes for a 4 s rna species. | a collection of random drosophila melanogaster dna fragments cloned individually in escherichia coli was screened for the presence of sequences complementary to the 4 s, 5 s and 5.8 s rna species produced in the d. melanogaster kc tissue culture line. four d. melanogaster dna fragments were found which possessed sequences complementary to the 4 s rna species but not complementary to the 5 s or 5.8 s rna. one such cloned fragment (6.81 kilobase in length) was characterized further. it hybridizes ... | 1978 | 102349 |
| the organization of ribosomal rna genes in the mitochondrial dna of tetrahymena pyriformis strain st. | 1. we have constructed a physical map of the mtdna of tetrahymena pyriformis strain st using the restriction endonucleases ecori, psti, saci, hindiii and hhai. 2. hybridization of mitochondrial 21 s and 14 s ribosomal rna to restriction fragments of strain st mtdna shows that this dna contains two 21-s and only one 14-s ribosomal rna genes. by s1 nuclease treatment of briefly renatured single-stranded dna the terminal duplication-inversion previously detected in this dna (arnberg et al. (1975) b ... | 1978 | 102353 |
| [amplification of the riboflavin operon genes of bacillus subtilis in escherichia coli cells]. | amplification of bacillus subtilis dna fragments was performed in escherichia coli using plasmid rsf2124. the main principle of isolation and cloning hybrid plasmids was described using genes of riboflavin operon as a model. bac. subtilis dna was treated with restriction endonuclease ecor; followed by the agarose gel electrophoretic separation of the resulting fragments. gels were sliced, dna was eluted from the corresponding slices and used to transform bac. subtilis auxotrophs rib a72, rib s11 ... | 1978 | 102560 |
| interaction of escherichia coli ribosome with rnase i--effect of polycationic amines. | | 1978 | 102586 |
| in vitro activity of hr 756, a new cephalosporin compound. | the in vitro activity of hr 756, a new cephalosporin, has been determined against recent clinical isolates and compared with that of other beta-lactam antibiotics. the geometric means of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) for different isolates of escherichia coli (100 isolates), klebsiella pneumoniae (84), pseudomonas aeruginosa (121), proteus mirabilis (52), indole-positive proteus species (9), salmonella species (19), staphylococcus aureus penicillin-sensitive (29) and penicillin-res ... | 1978 | 102631 |
| an explanation for the apparent host specificity of pseudomonas plasmid r91 expression. | pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 9169 has been reported to contain a plasmid that expresses resistance to carbenicillin (cb), kanamycin (km), and tetracycline (tc) in escherichia coli but resistance only to cb in certain pseudomonas recipients. the triply resistant plasmid in e. coli belonged to incompatibility (inc) group p or p-1, whereas the singly resistant plasmid in p. aeruginosa was compatible with incp-1 plasmids and other plasmids of established inc specificity but incompatible with plasmi ... | 1978 | 102634 |
| expression of escherichia coli k-12 arginine genes in pseudomonas fluorescens. | escherichia coli arge and argh gene products were detected in pseudomonas fluorescens argh122 carrying the e. coli f110 plasmid. | 1978 | 102635 |
| particle-based axenic media for tetrahymenids. | autoclavable, natural particulate media simplify axenic cultivation of tetrahymenid ciliates and presumably favor selection for phagotrophy. viability is at least 2 months at room temperature (24-26 c) for the lipid-sensitive tetrahymenids tetrahymena setosa, t. corlissi, t. paravorax, t. limacis, and t. patula, also for t. rostrata and (at 12 c), for strains of the t. pyriformis complex and glaucoma chattoni. a typical medium consists of crude soy "lecithin" + skim milk powder + saccharomyces c ... | 1978 | 102786 |
| recurrent pseudomonas infection associated with neutrophil dysfunction. | a 72-year-old male is described with a history of 4 episodes of pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis and chronic otitis media caused by pseudomonas species. in vitro testing of the patient's polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) revealed profoundly abnormal chemotactic responses and defective intracellular killing of ps. aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli. chemiluminescence production by the patient's pmns in response to opsonized zymosan as well as endotoxin stimulated nitroblue tetr ... | 1978 | 103188 |
| mechanism of action of bilharcid and tartar-emetic. | an investigation on the mechanism of action of bilharcid and tartar-emetic produced the following results. deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) synthesis by cell of e. coli b from either the maximum stationary phase or the exponential phase are inhibited by 3.62 mm of bilharcid or 16.81 mm of tartar-emetic immediately upon addition of the inhibitor. these drugs cause a downshift of the tm of native dna. they displace mg from the dna-mg complex. they increase the specific viscosity of dna solution. also t ... | 1978 | 103338 |
| susceptibility of the anaerobic bacteria, group d streptococci, enterobacteriaceae, and pseudomonas to semisynthetic penicillins: carbenicillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin. | sodium piperacillin t-1220, a new semisynthetic penicillin, was tested in vitro against 297 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and 669 aerobic bacteria by the conventional agar dilution method and compared with carbenicillin and ticarcillin. at a 100-mug/ml concentration the three drugs showed comparable effectiveness against the anaerobes tested. however, at 20 mug/ml, piperacillin was the most effective drug against bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococci, and group d streptococci. at thi ... | 1978 | 103491 |
| effect of two cancer chemotherapeutic agents on the antibacterial activity of three antimicrobial agents. | cancer chemotherapeutic agents and antibacterial antibiotics are often given concomitantly. daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and three antibiotics (gentamicin, amikacin, and ticarcillin) were tested individually and in combinations to determine their antimicrobial activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, and escherichia coli. these cytotoxic agents are commonly employed in the therapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia for remission induction therapy, and these antimicrob ... | 1978 | 103494 |
| dry-heat destruction of lipopolysaccharide: dry-heat destruction kinetics. | dry-heat destruction kinetics of lipopolysaccharides from escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, and salmonella typhosa at 170 to 250 degrees c are described. the destruction rate seems to follow the second order and can be linearized by the equation, log y = a + b . -10cx. because c is the slope, 1/c = d3. both a and b are constant at a given temperature and are linear functions of temperature. the d(3)170, d(3)190, d(3)210, d(3)230, and d(3)250 values for e. coli lipopolysaccharide are 251, 99 ... | 1978 | 103502 |
| probe of beta-galactosidase structure with iodoacetate. differential reactivity of thiol groups in wild-type and mutant forms of beta-galactosidase. | carboxymethylation with 14 c-labeled iodoacetate of cysteine residues in wild-type beta-galactosidase from escherichia coli and in a defective beta-galactosidase from deletion mutant strain m15 was investigated in order to determine accessible positions in the tetrameric wild-type form and the dimeric mutant m15 protein. the extent of carboxymethylation, the effects on biological activity, antibody activation, physical stability, and the labeling of particular residues were studied. the results ... | 1978 | 103570 |
| translation of ms2 rna in vitro in the absence of initiation factor if-3. | an escherichia coli cell-free translational system, deprived of initiation factor if-3, has been used to study the role of the factor in protein synthesis. in this system, 30-s ribosomal subunits are preincubated together with ms2 phage rna in a small volume in the presence of 10 mm mg(ac)2; the missing components required for protein synthesis are then added and assembly of elongating ribosomes is allowed to occur. this stepwise assembly process permits formation of functional complexes which c ... | 1978 | 103712 |
| effect of ptsi and ptsh genes dosage on manifestation of glucose catabolite repression of beta-galactosidase synthesis in escherichia coli k12. | | 1978 | 103751 |
| the primary structure of bacillus subtilis acidic ribosomal protein b-l9 and its comparison with escherichia coli proteins l7/l12. | | 1978 | 103754 |
| k-1 antigen of escherichia coli: epidemiology and serum sensitivity of pathogenic strains. | k-1 escherichia coli are far more frequent in neonatal sepsis (36% of e. coli sepsis) and meningitis (80% of e. coli meningitis) than would be expected by the frequency of k-1 e. coli colonization in neonates (11 to 25%). there is no apparent parallel in cases of sepsis in adults. to study further this apparent age-related difference in virulence, e. coli k-1 clinical isolates were tested for their sensitivity to sera. strains isolated from cases of neonatal meningitis were more sensitive to ser ... | 1978 | 103825 |
| purification of heat-labile enterotoxin from four escherichia coli strains by affinity immunoadsorbent: evidence for similar subunit structure. | a single-step method for the purification of heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli is described. the method involves an affinity immunoadsorbent made with antiserum to cholera toxin. crude toxin preparations of three human and one porcine enterotoxinogenic strains of e. coli were purified on this immunoadsorbent, and the elution products suggest that the toxin molecule is composed of subunits. one kind of subunit shared by these four strains showed similar mobility of sodium dodecyl sulfat ... | 1978 | 103838 |
| [efficacy, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of sisomicin in urinary tract infections (author's transl)]. | since 1973 30 patients with urinary tract infections (uti) or pyelonephritis have been treated with sisomicin, a new aminoglycoside, in a daily dose of 2 mg/kg for a period of seven to nine days. from a clinical point of view the result of treatment was good. complete resolution was achieved in 17 patients, improvement in nine, and there was no effect in four patients. thirty-five causative organisms (escherichia coli = 23, proteus sp. = 7, klebsiella sp. = 3, pseudomonas aeruginosa = 1, citroba ... | 1978 | 103844 |
| transduction of myxococcus virescens by coliphage p1cm: generation of plasmids containing both phage and myxococcus genes. | chloramphenicol-resistant myxococcus virescens were obtained by infecting myxococci with escherichia coli specialized transducing phage p1cm. the drug-resistant myxococci were phenotypically unstable. they contained more than one type of plasmid; these plasmids were not found in the parent strain. chloramphenicol-resistant e. coli were obtained by transformation with either a fraction of myxococcal dna containing the plasmids or with p1cm prophage dna. these transformants contained plasmids. esc ... | 1978 | 103996 |
| mutations altering the cellular localization of the phage lambda receptor, an escherichia coli outer membrane protein. | two mutant strains of escherichia coli have been isolated in which the cellular location of an outer membrane protein, the phage lambda receptor (the lamb gene product), is altered. these mutations were initially selected in a strain containing a lamb-lacz fusion. in the parent strain the protein coded for by the hybrid gene is located, at least in part, in the outer membrane. in the mutants it is located in the cytoplasm. the mutations responsible for the alteration of cellular location lie ver ... | 1978 | 104291 |
| isolation and characterization of cole1-derived plasmid copy-number mutant. | the plasmid pbgp120 is a cole1 derivative that contains elements of the escherichia coli lac operon and the tn3 transposon. we have selected and isolated a copy-number mutant of pbgp120. in exponentially growing cultures, the copy-number mutant, pop1, represents approximately 30% of total intracellular dna compared to about 5% for pbgp120. plasmid-encoded beta-galactosidase monomer can represent 50% of newly synthesized protein in cells carrying pop1. pop1 is structurally unstable in certain gen ... | 1978 | 104293 |
| chicken ovalbumin is synthesized and secreted by escherichia coli. | by recombinant dna methods, the chicken ovalbumin structural gene has been fused to escherichia coli lac transcriptional and translational control regions. when a plasmid containing the hybrid gene was introduced into e. coli, a protein identified as ovalbumin by immunoreactivity and sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was synthesized. the chicken ovalbumin made in bacteria was full length (43,000 daltons) and constituted 1.5% of the cellular protein. in addition, the micro ... | 1978 | 104296 |
| beta-galactosidase is induced by hormone in drosophila melanogaster cell cultures. | drosophila melanogaster cell lines kc and ca and clones fc and rf6, cultured in vitro, have no detectable beta-galactosidase (beta-galactoside galactohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.23) activity (as measured by hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galoctoside). ecdysterone, a hormonal steroid of critical importance in insect physiology, clearly induces beta-galactosidase activity in d. melanogaster cells cultured in vitro. induction occurs in cell lines or clones known to be sensitive to ecdysterone (k, ca, a ... | 1978 | 104299 |
| a model of experimental endotoxin shock in monkeys and its therapeutic control. | the course and therapy of endotoxin shock were studied in 34 monkeys macaca mulatta. e. coli endotoxin was infused intravenously to conscious animals. the individual responses to a dose of 3 mg . kg-1 exhibited a considerable variability. a part of shocked animals were successfully rescued by a combined infusion of dopamine, hydrocortisone, and dextran; untreated animals died of endotoxin shock. morphological changes in their parenchymatous organs were little marked in the acute experiment. | 1978 | 104460 |
| computer survey of antibiotic resistance--developments during 1973 to 1977. | results of antibiotic resistance of strains belonging to 9 species of so-called problem bacteria, recorded by 10 district public health laboratories in slovakia during 6 months of 1977 (altogether 32641 strains) have been compared with results, obtained with identical computer-assisted system in 1973. the position of "reserve antibiotics" (gentamicin, colistin, cotrimoxazole, oxacillin, lincomycin, spiramycin) remained favourable during precedent 4 years and even improved (with exception of gent ... | 1978 | 104482 |
| [hygienic analyses carried out in a public sauna (author's transl)]. | in a public sauna a considerable germ level was found to exist in all areas during rush hours. although no specifically pathogenic germs were detected on the surfaces, the existence of e. coli would suggest that particular attention must be given to the hygiene of this type of bathing establishment. it is particularly important that the relatively high temperatures in the heated area of the sauna do not cause a hygienically decisive germ reduction. apart from this, especially the foot-warming ba ... | 1978 | 104485 |
| effects on reticulo-rumen motility and body temperature of e. coli endotoxin on injection into the medulla oblongata and third ventricle of small ruminants. | | 1978 | 104506 |
| shigellosis and escherichia coli diarrhea: relative importance of invasive and toxigenic mechanisms. | shigellae and dysentery-like escherichia coli must invade the epithelium of the colon to cause disease which can present as dysentery, diarrhea, or both. this paper addresses the possible role of a shigella dysenteriae-like (shiga-like) toxin in the pathogenesis of shigellosis and e. coli diarrheal diseases. the possibility for such a role is suggested by the following observations: 1) diarrhea, considered to be a result of secretion of water by the small bowel, is frequently observed in shigell ... | 1979 | 104615 |
| [comparison of two methods of antibiotic sensitivity tests: gel diffusion and automatic method using abac apparatus. i. variation and dispersion of the two methods (author's transl)]. | the authors studied comparatively the sensitivity of 3 bacterial strains (p. aeruginosa and two e. coli) with regard to antibiotics using an automatic method (abac) compared with a gel diffusion technic with impregnated disks. each strain was tested by both methods 50 to 55 times. the diffusion method was easily reproducible with an average standard deviation of 2.23 mm. its results were in agreement compared with the average diameter of measurements in 93.3% of cases. the automatic method gave ... | 1978 | 104642 |
| microbial impact of canada geese (branta canadensis) and whistling swans (cygnus columbianus columbianus) on aquatic ecosystems. | quantitative and qualitative analyses of the intestinal bacterial flora of canada geese and whistling swans were carried out with the finding that wild birds harbor significantly more fecal coliforms than fecal streptococci. the reverse was typical of captive and fasting birds. neither salmonella spp. nor shigella spp. were isolated from 44 migratory waterfowl that were wintering in the chesapeake bay region. enteropathogenic escherichia coli were detected in seven birds. geese eliminated 10(7) ... | 1979 | 104659 |
| [2-replicon vector dna molecules for the bacterial systems of escherichia coli-bacillus subtilis]. | | 1979 | 104855 |
| molecular mechanisms of the immunologic activation of a defective escherichia coli beta-d-galactosidase--i. immunochemistry of rabbit antibodies at various times during the immune response and their interaction with the enzyme. | | 1978 | 104922 |
| transcription and translation in a pleiotropic streptomycin-resistant mutant of escherichia coli. | the role of the ribosomal protein s12 (streptomycin protein) in ribosome function and in other metabolic processes in the cell has been investigated. a spontaneous streptomycin-resistant strain of escherichia coli (sm3) carrying a mutation in the rpsl gene is deficient in its ability to induce the synthesis of the enzyme bets-galactosidase. it was demonstrated that the reduced rate of enzyme synthesis results from deficiencies in both the transcription of the lactose operon and translation of th ... | 1979 | 104958 |
| isolation and characterization of an endogenous inhibitor of protein synthesis in escherichia coli k-12. | a low-molecular-weight factor was isolated from cell extracts of escherichia coli k-12. the concentration of the factor in cells was dependent upon nutritional conditions, the concentration being higher in faster growing cells. treatment of cells with colicin k caused an increase in concentration of the factor. the factor inhibited protein synthesis in e. coli. this inhibition was reversible, apparently because of metabolism of the factor. the inhibition of synthesis of beta-galactosidase lasted ... | 1979 | 104965 |
| homology of the gene coding for outer membrane lipoprotein within various gram-negative bacteria. | the mrna for a major outer membrane lipoprotein from escherichia coli was found to hybridize specifically with one of the ecori and one of the hindiii restriction endonuclease-generated fragments of total dna from nine bacteria in the family enterobacteriaceae: e. coli, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella aerogenes, enterobacter aerogenes, edwardsiella tarda, serratia marcescens, and erwinia amylovora. however, among the enterobacteriaceae, dna from two ... | 1979 | 104972 |
| effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetate on phospholipids and outer membrane function in escherichia coli. | treatment of escherichia coli k-12 strain s15, containing a normal amount of phospholipase a, with ethylenediaminetetraacetate (edta) resulted in an increase in sensitivity of the organism to actinomycin d. strain s17, a mutant deficient in both detergent-resistant phospholipase a and detergent-sensitive phospholipase a, was considerably less sensitive to the antibiotic after the treatment. both strains released lipopolysaccharide after edta treatment, indicating that this outer membrane compone ... | 1979 | 104974 |
| localization of membrane-derived oligosaccharides in the outer envelope of escherichia coli and their occurrence in other gram-negative bacteria. | the glucose-containing, membrane-derived oligosaccharides of escherichia coli are localized in the external envelope of that organism, most probably in the periplasmic space. the membrane-derived oligosaccharides appear to be generally occurring cell constituents of gram-negative (but not gram-positive) bacteria. | 1979 | 104978 |
| isolation of characterization of a major outer membrane protein of pseudomonas aeruginosa. evidence for the occurrence of a lipoprotein. | in the outer membrane of p. aeruginosa, a protein of apparent molecular weight 8,000 (protein i) is present as a major protein. purification and chemical analysis of protein i were carried out. this protein was purified by essentially the same procedure as for the purification of the e. coli lipoprotein, which was developed by inouye et al. (j. bacteriol. (1976) 127, 555--563). the amino acid composition of protein i was determined. protein i lacks proline, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, try ... | 1979 | 104984 |
| transient defect in the bactericidal capacity of rabbit alveolar macrophages following sublethal shock. | the phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages obtained from rabbits after they were given sublethal shock by tumbling in a modified noble-collip drum was studied. as compared to the phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages from normal rabbits, tumbling produced a statistically significant reduction in in vitro bactericidal capacity for both pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli. however, there was no alteration in the ingestive phase. the reduced bactericidal capacity was evident with ... | 1979 | 105150 |
| tryptophan genes in rhizobium--their organization and their transfer to other bacterial genera. | r. leguminosarum trp alleles mapped by r68.45-mediated recombination were located in three distinct chromosomal regions. we isolated three derivatives of r68.45 that carried different trp genes of r. meliloti. each of the plasmids suppressed all of the r. leguminosarum trp alleles in a particular region. the r-primes were transferred to strains of p. aeruginosa carrying mutations in different trp genes. the plasmid paj24ji suppressed trpa, b and f mutants, paj73ji suppressed trpc and d and paj88 ... | 1978 | 105238 |
| murein-lipoprotein of escherichia coli: a protein involved in the stabilization of bacterial cell envelope. | two independent mutants of escherichia coli lacking murein-lipoprotein have been found. one mutant whose mutation was named lpo was subjected to detailed analyses. the absence of both bound and unbound lipoproteins was shown by electrophoretic analysis of 14c-arginine labelled membrane proteins of the mutant. nor was serologically cross-reacting material detected in the mutant by the ouchterlony-method. sequestering magnesium from mutant cell suspensions by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid caused ... | 1978 | 105245 |
| [antibacterial activity of fosfomycin in chronic kidney infections]. | authors have carried out a retrospective study in vitro on the bacteria isolated from renal parenchyma and stones in patients with cpn associated to kidney stones. results show a different inhibitory action of the some antibiotics to proteus, e. coli and p. aeruginosa. fosfomycin inhibits the growth of bacteria in a wide range of concentration (50-1000 microgram/ml). a prospective study in vivo shows an excellent therapeutic action of fosfomycin in recurrent urinary infections, and a very good o ... | 1978 | 105327 |
| beta-galactosidase chimeras: primary structure of a lac repressor-beta-galactosidase protein. | a protein possessing both lac repressor and beta-galactosidase activities in a single polypeptide of about 155,000 daltons was purified from a deletion mutant of escherichia coli in which the laci and z genes are fused. a 77-residue cyanogen bromide peptide containing the fusion joint was isolated. a radioimmunoassay with an antibody prepared against cnbr2 (residues 3-92) of beta-galactosidase was used to monitor its purification. the sequence of the joining peptide was determined by analysis of ... | 1978 | 105358 |
| [effectiveness of paraformaldehyde foam in continuous disinfection of poultry bedding and dried liquid waste of pigs]. | in laboratory experiments 24-hour cultures of poultry strains e. coli, staphylococcus, pseudomonas on paper carriers without an agar coat and with it, after 6-hour exposure in dilutions from 10(-4) to 0, were devitalized by paraformaldehyde foam. the bacillus strain was devitalized only after 24-hour exposure. after adding paraformaldehyde foam in an amount of 0.6% of the weight into litter under a multiplier flock of layers four months before expedition, and after adding paraformaldehyde foam i ... | 1979 | 105450 |
| [transfer of a bacterial gene using phage lambda transfecting dna]. | a new amber mutation of phage with the gene coding synthesis of beta-galactosidase was received by recombination. with the help of transfection dna isolated from this phage the transfer of the gene coding the beta-galactosidase synthesis to the recipient phage-resistant e. coli cell was realized. the suggested model can be used for the gene transfer to the recipient phage-resistant cells or other species of bacteria with transfection dna. | 1979 | 105519 |
| determination of protein synthesis initiation factor levels in crude lysates of escherichia coli by a sensitive radioimmune assay. | | 1978 | 105669 |
| affinity labelling with a deaminatively generated carbonium ion. kinetics and stoicheiometry of the alkylation of methionine-500 of the lacz beta-galactosidase of escherichia coli by beta-d-galactopyranosylmethyl-p-nitrophenyltriazene. | 1. beta-d-galactopyranosylmethyl-p-nitrophenyltriazene is an active-site-directed irreversible inhibitor of mg2+-bound and mg2+-free lacz beta-galactosidase from escherichia coli. 2. the mg2+-enzyme binds the inhibitor more tightly but the complex then decomposes less rapidly than is the case with mg2+-free enzyme. 3. loss of enzyme activity is a linear function of the fraction of enzyme protomers to which are attached beta-d-galactopranosyl[14c]methyl residues: complete inactivation of fully ac ... | 1978 | 105721 |
| the necessity of magnesium cation for acid assistance aglycone departure in catalysis by escherichia coli (lacz) beta-galactosidase. | 1. removal of mg2+ from escherichia coli (lacz) beta-galactosidase slightly increases the rate of hydrolysis of galactosyl pyridinium salts, but decreases the rate of hydrolysis of arylgalactosides. 2. fair correlation of logkcat. and log (km) with the pka of aglycone is now observed for arglygalactosides, as well as for glycosyl pyridinium salts. 3. degalactosylation of mg2+-free enzyme is the rate-limiting step in the hydrolysis of 2,4-dinitrophenyl galactoside. 4. alpha-deuterium kinetic isot ... | 1978 | 105722 |
| the acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein of eukaryotes and its relationship to ribosomal proteins l7 and l12 of escherichia coli. | the acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein, lgamma, of krebs ii ascites cells was further characterized and compared with proteins l7 and l12 of escherichia coli. ribosomal protein lgamma was selectively removed from 60s sibosomal subunits by 50% ethanol and 1m-nh4cl, and antibodies raised against protein lgamma cross-reacted with e. coli protein l12 in immunodiffusion experiments. these and other, previously reported, data support the proposal that the uekaryotic counterpart of e. coli proteins l7 and ... | 1978 | 105730 |
| radiosensitivity of bacteriophages of aerobic spore-forming microorganisms. | under conditions of the direct action of radiation on seven original phages of aerobic spore-forming bacteria and four standard phages of e. coli, it was established that they possessed different sensitivity to gamma radiation and were distributed into four groups. the phages of e. coli of the t series, especially t2 phage, proved the most sensitive. the phages of aerobic spore-forming bacilli were characterized by greater resistance to the action of gamma radiation, which is evidently associate ... | 1978 | 105763 |
| survival of microbial films in the microwave oven. | air-dried films of escherichia coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and bacillus subtilis spores on membrane filters, exposed to 10 min full power (650 w, 2450 mhz) irradiation in a toshiba model er776bt microwave oven, showed a 5-, 2-, and 0-log reduction of viable organisms respectively. suspensions of cells or spores in phosphate buffer treated under similar conditions showed 8 logs of killing within 30 s (s. cerevisiae), 45 s(e. coli), and by 10 min (b. subtilis spores) of exposure. | 1978 | 105795 |
| therapeutic experience with netilmicin. | netilmicin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, was used to treat 19 patients with urinary tract infection and 5 with systemic infection. the causal organisms were escherichia coli (in 2), klebsiella pneumoniae (in 4), serratia marcescens (in 12) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (in 7); 1 patient was infected with two of these organisms. all the isolates of causal organisms except one of serratia were initially sensitive to netilmicin but many were resistant to other aminoglycosides. sixteen of the urina ... | 1978 | 105797 |
| regulation of newly evolved enzymes. iv. directed evolution of the ebg repressor. | in escherichia coli, the wild-type repressor of ebg (evolved beta-galactosidase) enzyme synthesis, specified by the ebgr+ gene, responds very weakly to lactulose (fructose-beta-d-galactopyranoside). selection for a functional repressor that responds strongly to lactulose as an inducer reveals the existence of ebgr+l mutants, which occur spontaneously at a frequency of about 2 x 10(-10) . ebgr+l mutants are pleiotropic in that they specify ebg repressor with a greatly increased response to lactul ... | 1978 | 105963 |
| variability of bacterial gene-directed enzyme production in human genetically deficient cells. | human beta-galactosidase-deficient skin fibroblasts from a patient with generalized gangliosidosis (gmi-gangliosidosis type i) were treated with phage lambda plac dna, coding for escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-d-galactoside galactohydrolase, ec.3.2.1.23). new beta-galactosidase activity detected in cell extracts of phage dna-treated gmi-gangliosidosis fibroblasts continued to vary considerably from one experiment to another. it behaved like the e. coli z-gene product upon immunochemic ... | 1979 | 105984 |
| identification of a novel rna molecule in a new rna processing mutant of escherichia coli which contains 5 s rrna sequences. | a temperature-sensitive mutant of escherichia coli at the nonpermissive temperature fails to produce normal levels of 5 s rrna. instead, a number of larger rna molecules are accumulated. one of these molecules, a 9 s rna, contains 5 s rrna sequences. when the strain is shifted from a nonpermissive to a permissive temperature, radioactive label is lost from the 9 s rna and appears in 5 s rrna. the identification of this 5 s rrna-containing molecule indicates the participation of a new processing ... | 1979 | 106052 |
| [results of measuring the modulus of elasticity of microorganism cell walls]. | the elasticity modulus of escherichia coli cell walls was found to change in the course of growth of the culture. it decreased in the middle of the exponential phase, apparently as a result of intensification of biosynthetic and related to them transport processes at this period. if the cells were treated with edta, their elasticity modulus was lower, by an order of magnitude, than that of the control cell walls. if the cells were treated with lysozyme, the elasticity modulus of their walls decr ... | 1979 | 106226 |
| an unstable donor-recipient dna complex in transformation of bacillus subtilis. | in re-extracted dna obtained shortly after uptake of transforming dna by bacillus subtilis, increased amounts of donor dna radioactivity banding at the position of donor-recipient dna complex (drc) are observed in cscl gradients, if the cells are irradiated with high doses of uv prior to reextraction of the dna. qualitatively, the same phenomenon is observed if lysates of transforming cells are irradiated. uv-irradiation of lysates of competent cells to which single-stranded dna is added after l ... | 1978 | 106232 |