| polylysogeny and prophage induction by secondary infection in vibrio cholerae. | strains of vibrio cholerae o1, biotypes el tor and classical, were infected with a known temperate phage (phip15) and monitored over a 15-day period for prophage induction. over the course of the experiment two morphologically and three genomically distinct virus-like particles were observed from the phage-infected el tor strain by transmission electron microscopy and field inversion gel electrophoresis, respectively, whereas only one phage, phip15, was observed from the infected classical strai ... | 2004 | 15186355 |
| effect of combined physico-chemical preservatives on enterocin as-48 activity against the enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus cect 976 strain. | control of the enterotoxigenic staphylococcus aureus cect 976 strain by enterocin as-48 in laboratory cultures, and behaviour of the as-48 activity in the presence of food preservatives. | 2004 | 15186441 |
| analysis of a ty1-less variant of saccharomyces paradoxus: the gain and loss of ty1 elements. | because ty elements transpose through an rna intermediate, element accumulation through retrotransposition must be regulated or offset by element loss to avoid uncontrolled genome expansion. here we examine the fate of ty sequences in saccharomyces strain 337, a strain that is reported to lack ty1 and ty2 elements, but contains remnant solo long terminal repeats (ltrs). although strain 337 was initially classified as saccharomyces cerevisiae, our work indicates that this strain is more closely r ... | 2004 | 15197730 |
| functional analysis of virion host shutoff protein of pseudorabies virus. | during lytic infection, the virion host shutoff (vhs) protein of alphaherpesviruses causes the degradation of mrnas nonspecifically. in this work, we cloned the vhs gene (ul41 open reading frame) of pseudorabies virus (prv; tnl strain) by pcr, and its nucleotide sequences were determined. the pcr product of vhs gene was subcloned into the prokaryotic pet32b expression vector, and production of the recombinant vhs protein was examined by sds-page. result of western blotting demonstrated that our ... | 2004 | 15207626 |
| flagella and chemotaxis are required for efficient induction of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colitis in streptomycin-pretreated mice. | salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar typhimurium is a common cause of gastrointestinal infections. the host's innate immune system and a complex set of salmonella virulence factors are thought to contribute to enteric disease. the serovar typhimurium virulence factors have been studied extensively by using tissue culture assays, and bovine infection models have been used to verify the role of these factors in enterocolitis. streptomycin-pretreated mice provide an alternative animal model to ... | 2004 | 15213159 |
| regulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by cd4+, cd25+ and cd8+ t cells: analysis using depleting antibodies. | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) can be induced in mice of the c57bl/6 strain by subcutaneous immunization with myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (mog) peptide p35-55 in cfa, administered twice at an interval of one week and supplemented with bordetella pertussis toxin given iv. here, we studied the effect on the induction of eae of depleting antibodies to cd4, cd8, or cd25 administered before either the first or the second dose of mog p35-55. we found that anti-cd4 abolished ea ... | 2004 | 15236747 |
| development and evaluation as vaccines in mice of brucella melitensis rev.1 single and double deletion mutants of the bp26 and omp31 genes coding for antigens of diagnostic significance in ovine brucellosis. | the live attenuated brucella melitensis rev.1 strain is considered the best vaccine available for the prophylaxis of brucellosis in sheep caused by either b. melitensis or brucella ovis. however, its application stimulates antibody responses in vaccinated animals indistinguishable by the current conventional serological tests from those observed in infected animals. the periplasmic protein bp26 and the outer membrane protein (omp) omp31 are immunodominant antigens in the serological responses of ... | 2004 | 15246618 |
| genotoxic potentiality of aqueous extract prepared from chrysobalanus icaco l. leaves. | plants have been related to our lives, being used as medicine, regardless of scientific evidence of side effects. this work analyses the toxicological effects of chrysobalanus icaco l. aqueous extract, used in different pathologies. it was studied through: (i) alteration of plasmid puc 9.1 topology; (ii) survival of bacterial strains submitted, or not, to previous treatment with sncl2; (iii) transformation efficiency of e. coli strain by the treatment with the plasmid puc 9.1. in (i), the treatm ... | 2004 | 15261992 |
| reversion of molecularly engineered, partially attenuated, very virulent infectious bursal disease virus during infection of commercial chickens. | a molecularly cloned, tissue culture-adapted infectious bursal disease virus (bd-3tc) was generated from a very virulent strain by the reverse genetics approach following site-directed mutagenesis (q253h and a284t in vp2). the pathogenicity of bd-3tc was tested in commercial chickens. the wild-type strain (bd-3wt) and the molecularly cloned parental strain (bd-3mc) were included for comparison. the subclinical course of the disease, with delayed and milder pathological lesions followed by quick ... | 2004 | 15276985 |
| dna microarray-based genome comparison of a pathogenic and a nonpathogenic strain of xylella fastidiosa delineates genes important for bacterial virulence. | xylella fastidiosa is a phytopathogenic bacterium that causes serious diseases in a wide range of economically important crops. despite extensive comparative analyses of genome sequences of xylella pathogenic strains from different plant hosts, nonpathogenic strains have not been studied. in this report, we show that x. fastidiosa strain j1a12, associated with citrus variegated chlorosis (cvc), is nonpathogenic when injected into citrus and tobacco plants. furthermore, a dna microarray-based com ... | 2004 | 15292146 |
| [investigation of lipopolysaccharides from sinorhizobium meliloti skhm1-188 and two of its mutants with decreased nodulation competitiveness]. | a comparative study of the lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from sinorhizobium meliloti skhm 1-188 and two its lps-mutants (th29 and ts22) with sharply decreased nodulation competitiveness was conducted. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate revealed two forms of lps in all the three strains: a higher molecular-weight lps1, containing o-polysaccharide (o-ps), and a and lower molecular-weight lps2 without o-ps. however, the lps1 content in mutants was significantly smal ... | 2004 | 15315228 |
| early response to bleomycin is characterized by different cytokine and cytokine receptor profiles in lungs. | the sensitivity to the fibrosis-inducing effect of bleomycin varies considerably from species to species, the reasons for which are unknown. the variability of the response in different strains of mice is well documented. recent evidence indicates that the upregulated expression of cytokines and cytokine receptors may be involved. we evaluated the expression pattern of some cytokines and their receptors in c57bl/6j bleomycin-sensitive and balb/c bleomycin-resistant mice. animals from both strain ... | 2004 | 15321784 |
| effect of penicillin on surface carbohydrate, hemolysin and morphology of streptococcus pyogenes during and after the post-antibiotic phase. | the post-antibiotic effect (pae) of penicillin was measured in vitro against a group a streptococcal strain by the kinetic growth method. the duration of the effect was 2.8 h. the bacterial morphology and some streptococcal products were analyzed during and after the pae, after being exposed to penicillin in a concentration of 1xmic for 2 h. bacteria not previously exposed to penicillin were used as a control culture. morphological changes and increases in the size of treated streptococci were o ... | 2004 | 15330318 |
| [cd21-independent infection of a human signet ring cell gastric carcinoma cell line by epstein-barr virus]. | to understand epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection of gastric carcinoma cells. | 2004 | 15340529 |
| isolation and characterization of genes encoding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenase from acenaphthene and acenaphthylene degrading sphingomonas sp. strain a4. | sphingomonas sp. strain a4 is capable of utilizing acenaphthene and acenaphthylene as sole carbon and energy sources, but it is unable to grow on other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). the genes encoding terminal oxygenase components of ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (arha1 and arha2) were isolated from this strain by means of the ability to oxidize indole to indigo of the escherichia coli clone containing electron transport proteins from phenanthrene-degrading sphingobium sp. strain p2. ... | 2004 | 15358414 |
| methionine sulphoxide reductase is an important antioxidant enzyme in the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. | the ability of helicobacter pylori to colonize the stomach requires that it combat oxidative stress responses imposed by the host. the role of methionine sulfoxide reductase (msr), a methionine repair enzyme, in h. pylori stress resistance was evaluated by a mutant analysis approach. an msr mutant strain lacked immunologically detectable sulphoxide reductase protein and also showed no enzyme activity when provided with oxidized methionines as substrates. the mutant strain showed diminished growt ... | 2004 | 15387818 |
| a simple method for differentiation of streptomycin-producing strain of streptomyces from streptothricin-producing strain by their bacteriostatic spectra against bacillus agri. | | 1949 | 15396950 |
| effect of monoamine oxidase gene knockout on dopamine metabolism in mouse brain structures. | experiments were performed on knockout tg8 mice lacking monoamine oxidase a gene that plays a major role in dopamine catabolism. the study by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography revealed considerable regional differences in the contents of dopamine and its metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in brain structures of these animals. tg8 mice differed from the parent c3h/hej strain by low level of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in the striatum, midbrain, hypothalamus, and hippocampus a ... | 2004 | 15452609 |
| strain-specific differences in the grazing sensitivities of closely related ultramicrobacteria affiliated with the polynucleobacter cluster. | ultramicrobacteria (cell volume < 0.1 microm(3)) are the numerically dominant organisms in the plankton of marine and freshwater habitats. flagellates and other protists are assumed to be the most important predators of these ultramicrobacteria as well as of larger planktonic bacteria. however, due to controversial observations conducted previously, it is not clear as to whether fractions of the ultramicrobacteria are resistant to flagellate predation. furthermore, it is not known if closely rel ... | 2004 | 15466515 |
| isph protein of escherichia coli: studies on iron-sulfur cluster implementation and catalysis. | the isph gene of escherichia coli specifies an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(e)-butenyl diphosphate into a mixture of isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (dmapp) in the nonmevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. the implementation of a gene cassette directing the overexpression of the isc operon involved in the assembly of iron-sulfur clusters into an escherichia coli strain engineered for isph gene expression increased the catalytic activi ... | 2004 | 15469281 |
| overproduction of ccmabcdefgh restores cytochrome c maturation in a dsbd deletion strain of e. coli: another route for reductant? | the multidomain transmembrane protein dsbd is essential for cytochrome c maturation (ccm) in escherichia coli and transports reductant to the otherwise oxidising environment of the bacterial periplasm. the ccm proteins abcdefgh are also essential and we show that the overproduction of these proteins can unexpectedly complement for the absence of dsbd in a deletion strain by partially restoring the production of an exogenous c-type cytochrome under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. this suggests ... | 2004 | 15474015 |
| dopamine d1 and d2 agonist effects on prepulse inhibition and locomotion: comparison of sprague-dawley rats to swiss-webster, 129x1/svj, c57bl/6j, and dba/2j mice. | d2 receptors have been studied in relation to therapeutic uses of dopaminergic drugs, and psychomotor stimulant effects [as manifested by decreased prepulse inhibition (ppi) of startle and increased locomotor activity] are hallmark behavioral effects of d2 agonists in rats. genetic studies with mutant mice might be useful in this line of investigation; however, recent studies suggest that mice differ from rats with respect to d2 agonist effects. accordingly, we studied a wide range of doses of t ... | 2005 | 15494551 |
| [identification and expression of blactx-m-14 and blactx-m-24]. | to identify the esbl gene and the prevalence in escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae strain isolated from huashan hospital, shanghai. | 2004 | 15500745 |
| modulation of yersinia type three secretion system by the s1 domain of polynucleotide phosphorylase. | both low temperatures and encounters with host phagocytes are two stresses that have been relatively well studied in many species of bacteria. previous work has shown that the exoribonuclease polynucleotide phosphorylase (pnpase) is required for yersiniae to grow at low temperatures. here, we show that pnpase also enhances the ability of yersinia pseudotuberculosis and yersinia pestis to withstand the killing activities of murine macrophages. pnpase is required for the optimal functioning of the ... | 2005 | 15509583 |
| single-molecule approach to bacterial genomic comparisons via optical mapping. | modern comparative genomics has been established, in part, by the sequencing and annotation of a broad range of microbial species. to gain further insights, new sequencing efforts are now dealing with the variety of strains or isolates that gives a species definition and range; however, this number vastly outstrips our ability to sequence them. given the availability of a large number of microbial species, new whole genome approaches must be developed to fully leverage this information at the le ... | 2004 | 15516592 |
| excess mannose limits the growth of phosphomannose isomerase pmi40 deletion strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | phosphomannose isomerase (pmi40) catalyzes the conversion between fructose 6-phosphate and mannose 6-phosphate and thus connects glycolysis, i.e. energy production and gdp-mannose biosynthesis or cell wall synthesis in saccharomyces cerevisiae. after pmi40 deletion (pmi(-)) the cells were viable only if fed with extracellular mannose and glucose. in an attempt to force the gdp-mannose synthesis in the pmi(-) strain by increasing the extracellular mannose concentrations, the cells showed signific ... | 2004 | 15520001 |
| survival of shewanella oneidensis mr-1 after uv radiation exposure. | we systematically investigated the physiological response as well as dna damage repair and damage tolerance in shewanella oneidensis mr-1 following uvc, uvb, uva, and solar light exposure. mr-1 showed the highest uvc sensitivity among shewanella strains examined, with d37 and d10 values of 5.6 and 16.5% of escherichia coli k-12 values. stationary cells did not show an increased uva resistance compared to exponential-phase cells; instead, they were more sensitive at high uva dose. uva-irradiated ... | 2004 | 15528503 |
| complete type iii secretion system of a mesophilic aeromonas hydrophila strain. | we have investigated the existence and genetic organization of a functional type iii secretion system (ttss) in a mesophilic aeromonas strain by initially using the aeromonas hydrophila strain ah-3. we report for the first time the complete ttss dna sequence of an aeromonas strain that comprises 35 genes organized in a similar disposition as that in pseudomonas aeruginosa. using several gene probes, we also determined the presence of a ttss in clinical or environmental strains of different aerom ... | 2004 | 15528564 |
| effects of methylphosphonate, a phosphate analogue, on the expression and degradation of the high-affinity phosphate transporter pho84, in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | in saccharomyces cerevisiae, the pho84 high-affinity transport system is the major phosphate transporter activated when the cells experience a limitation in external phosphate. in this study, we have compared the phosphate-responsive mechanism of cells expressing pho84 with a deltapho84 strain by use of a phosphate analogue, methylphosphonate, which was judged to be suitable for assessment of phosphate homeostasis in the cells. intracellular levels of the analogue, which in several respects mimi ... | 2004 | 15533049 |
| genetic and physiological interactions in the amoeba-bacteria symbiosis. | amoebae of the xd strain of amoeba proteus that arose from the d strain by spontaneous infection of legionella-like x-bacteria are now dependent on their symbionts for survival. each xd amoeba contains about 42,000 symbionts within symbiosomes, and established xd amoebae die if their symbionts are removed. thus, harmful infective bacteria changed into necessary cell components. as a result of harboring x-bacteria. xd amoebae exhibit various physiological and genetic characteristics that are diff ... | 2004 | 15537083 |
| oncogenicity of virulent marek's disease virus cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes. | marek's disease virus (mdv) is an oncogenic alphaherpesvirus that induces t-cell lymphomas in poultry. we report the construction of bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones of the highly oncogenic rb-1b strain by inserting mini-f vector sequences into the u(s)2 locus. mdv reconstituted from two bac clones induced rapid-onset lymphomas similar to those induced by the wild-type virus. virus reconstituted from another bac clone that showed a 7.7-kbp deletion in the internal and terminal unique ... | 2004 | 15542691 |
| positive control of tylosin biosynthesis: pivotal role of tylr. | control of tylosin production in streptomyces fradiae features interplay between a repressor, tylq, and an activator, tyls, during regulation of tylr. the latter encodes a pathway-specific activator that controls most of the tylosin-biosynthetic (tyl) genes that are subject to regulation. this was established by targeted gene disruption applied separately to tylr and tyls together with transcript analysis involving reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). tylr controls multiple ... | 2004 | 15554972 |
| assessment of regional myocardial strain by a novel automated tracking system from digital image files. | myocardial strain imaging by doppler tissue echocardiography is a useful method to quantify regional left ventricular function. however, this method has a problem of its doppler angle dependency. we attempted to quantify myocardial strain by a newly developed automated tracking system from digital image files. in 6 anesthetized open-chest dogs, a pair of ultrasonic crystals was implanted at the inner site and outer site of the left ventricular wall to measure myocardial radial strain. b-mode ech ... | 2004 | 15562260 |
| comparison of enterovirus 71 (e71) isolated from a patient with hand-foot-and-mouth disease in china to prototype e71 brcr strain by polymerase chain reaction using a unique primer pair. | | 1993 | 15566727 |
| small animal model of hiv-1 infection. | the lack convenient and inexpensive small animal model of hiv infection hampers significantly the research on immunopathogenesis, antiviral drugs, and vaccines. | 2004 | 15567098 |
| new integrative method to generate bacillus subtilis recombinant strains free of selection markers. | the novel method described in this paper combines the use of blai, which encodes a repressor involved in bacillus licheniformis blap beta-lactamase regulation, an antibiotic resistance gene, and a b. subtilis strain (bs1541) that is conditionally auxotrophic for lysine. we constructed a blai cassette containing blai and the spectinomycin resistance genes and two short direct repeat dna sequences, one at each extremity of the cassette. the bs1541 strain was obtained by replacing the b. subtilis p ... | 2004 | 15574923 |
| new endophytic isolates of muscodor albus, a volatile-antibiotic-producing fungus. | muscodor albus, an endophytic fungus originally isolated from cinnamomum zeylanicum, produces a mixture of volatile organic compounds (vocs) in culture and its spectrum of antimicrobial activity is broad. using the original isolate of m. albus as a selection tool, it has been possible to find other culturally and biochemically unique wild-type isolates of this organism existing as endophytes in a variety of other plant species, including grevillea pterifolia (fern-leafed grevillea), kennedia nig ... | 2004 | 15583155 |
| development of a highly fecund inbred strain of mice. | a highly fecund inbred mouse line has been established from the quackenbush swiss (qs) outbred strain by full-sib inbreeding combined with selection for high number of pups born alive (nba) and low interlitter interval (ili). after more than 50 generations of inbreeding and selection, this line, named qsi5, has an nba of 13.4 and an ili of 29 days, averaged over the first four parities, and a total productivity of 50.7 nba. with its exceptional reproductive performance, this line will be very us ... | 2004 | 15599553 |
| the pathogenesis of fatal outcome in murine pulmonary aspergillosis depends on the neutrophil depletion strategy. | aspergillus fumigatus causes invasive disease in severely immunocompromised hosts but is readily cleared when host innate defenses are intact. animal models for evaluation of therapeutic strategies to combat invasive aspergillosis that closely mimic human disease are desirable. we determined optimal dosing regimens for neutrophil depletion and evaluated the course of infection following aerosol infection in mice by determining survival, organ fungal burden, and histopathology in mice in which ne ... | 2005 | 15618146 |
| detection of brazilian bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain by a reverse transcriptase-nested-polymerase chain reaction in experimentally infected calves. | a reverse transcriptase (rt)-nested-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was standardised to detect bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), using a brazilian isolate, in three experimentally infected calves. this followed initial tests in infected chicken embryo related (cer) cells. one animal had lesions, characterized by interstitial multifocal pneumonia, severe interstitial and subpleural emphysema, and lung consolidated areas. lung and tracheal tissues collected 6 days after infection were ana ... | 2004 | 15627524 |
| [preparation of monoclonal antibodies against sars coronavirus and staining usage in lung autopsy specimens]. | to prepare monoclonal antibodies against sars coronavirus (sars-cov) on the purpose to explore the diagnosis methods of sars. | 2004 | 15631779 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus caprae in a neonatal intensive care unit. | staphylococcus caprae, a hemolytic coagulase-negative staphylococcus that is infrequently associated with humans, was initially detected in specimens from six infants in our neonatal intensive care unit due to phenotypic characteristics common to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. these isolates were subsequently identified as s. caprae by the automated riboprinter microbial characterization system. this prompted an 8-month retrospective investigation in our neonatal intensive care uni ... | 2005 | 15634995 |
| regional myocardial work by strain doppler echocardiography and lv pressure: a new method for quantifying myocardial function. | there is a need for better methods to quantify regional myocardial function. in the present study, we investigated the feasibility of quantifying regional function in terms of a segmental myocardial work index as derived from strain doppler echocardiography (sde) and invasive pressure. in 10 anesthetized dogs, we measured left ventricular (lv) pressure by micromanometer and myocardial longitudinal strains by sde and sonomicrometry. the regional myocardial work index (rmwi) was calculated as the ... | 2005 | 15637114 |
| arrayome: a program for estimating the sizes of microarray-visualized bacterial genomes. | arrayome is a new program that calculates the size of genomes represented by microarray-based probes and facilitates recognition of key bacterial strains carrying large numbers of novel genes. protein-coding sequences (cds) that are contiguous on annotated reference templates and classified as 'present' in the test strain by hybridization to microarrays are merged into ics (ics). these ics are then extended to account for flanking intergenic sequences. finally, the lengths of all extended ics ar ... | 2005 | 15640440 |
| expression of smap-29 cathelicidin-like peptide in bacterial cells by intein-mediated system. | in this work, the intein fusion approach was used for expression and purification of cathelicidin-like peptide smap-29 from escherichia coli cultures. to overcome the high toxicity of the antimicrobial peptide against host cells, both c- and n-terminal fusions with sce vma intein were evaluated. the fusion of smap-29 with the n-terminus of intein had a dramatic lethal effect. in contrast, chimeric constructs harboring smap-29 linked to the c-terminus of intein displayed no significant inhibition ... | 2005 | 15642466 |
| pathogenicity of serotype 8 fowl adenovirus isolated from gizzard erosions of slaughtered broiler chickens. | the pathogenicity of serotype 8 fowl adenovirus (fav), isolated from gizzard erosions of slaughtered broiler chickens, was investigated. in experiment 1, 29 5-day-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens were inoculated with the isolates of serotype 8 fav, m013 (group 1) or g0054 (group 2) strain, via an oral route. there were no clinical signs in any of chickens after inoculation, and mild gizzard erosions were observed macroscopically and microscopically in three inoculated chickens of group ... | 2004 | 15644608 |
| [molecular analytical evaluation of macrolide- and ketolide-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae--mechanism of action of telithromycin and resistance to it]. | protekt (prospective resistant organism tracking and epidemiology for the ketolide telithromycin) is a worldwide epidemiologic survey for investigating drug susceptibility against major bacterial pathogens in respiratory tract infections, and that is also designed to identify the action mechanism of telithromycin (tel), a ketolide antibacterial agent, on the resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and the resistance mechanism for tel on the tel-resistant s. pneumoniae strain, in addition to determine ... | 2004 | 15655904 |
| disruption of quorum sensing in seawater abolishes attraction of zoospores of the green alga ulva to bacterial biofilms. | zoospores of the eukaryotic green seaweed ulva respond to bacterial n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) quorum sensing signal molecules for the selection of surface sites for permanent attachment. in this study we have investigated the production and destruction of ahls in biofilms of the ahl-producing marine bacterium, vibrio anguillarum and their stability in seawater. while wild type v. anguillarum nb10 was a strong attractor of zoospores, inactivation of ahl production in this strain by either ex ... | 2005 | 15658990 |
| single-gene knockout of a novel regulatory element confers ethionine resistance and elevates methionine production in corynebacterium glutamicum. | despite the availability of genome data and recent advances in methionine regulation in corynebacterium glutamicum, sulfur metabolism and its underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly characterized in this organism. here, we describe the identification of an orf coding for a putative regulatory protein that controls the expression of genes involved in sulfur reduction dependent on extracellular methionine levels. c. glutamicum was randomly mutagenized by transposon mutagenesis and 7,000 m ... | 2005 | 15668756 |
| the ty1 transposition assay: a new short-term test for detection of carcinogens. | an assay based on induction by carcinogens of ty1 transposition in saccharomyces cerevisiae is proposed. a tester strain was developed that contains a marked ty1 element, which allows following the transposition in the genome as a whole and a mutation, which increases cellular permeability. hypersensitivity to chemical agents, higher cell wall porosity and transformability with plasmid dna evidenced an enhanced cellular permeability of the tester cells. the increased permeability resulted in hig ... | 2005 | 15676190 |
| genetic determinants of weight of fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscle in 500-day-old mice of the c57bl/6j and dba/2j lineage. | c57bl/6j (b6) and dba/2j (d2) strains and two derivative populations, bxd recombinant inbred strains (bxd ris) and b6d2f2, were used to explore genetic basis for variation in muscle weight at 500 days of age. in parallel with findings in 200-day-old mice (lionikas a, blizard da, vandenbergh dj, glover mg, stout jt, vogler gp, mcclearn ge, and larsson l. physiol genomics 16: 141-152, 2003), weight of slow-twitch soleus, mixed gastrocnemius, and fast-twitch tibialis anterior (ta) and extensor digi ... | 2005 | 15687484 |
| phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase vps34 of candida albicans is involved in filamentous growth, secretion of aspartic proteases, and intracellular detoxification. | the phosphatidylinositol (pi) 3-kinase vps34p of candida albicans influences vesicular intracellular transport, filamentous growth and virulence. to get a clearer understanding how these phenomena are connected, we analysed hyphal growth in a matrix under microaerophilic conditions at low temperature, the detoxification of metal ions and antifungal drugs, the secretion of aspartic proteinases (saps), as well as expression of adhesion-associated proteins of the c. albicans vps34 null mutant strai ... | 2005 | 15691748 |
| discerning an effective balance between equine infectious anemia virus attenuation and vaccine efficacy. | among the diverse experimental vaccines evaluated in various animal lentivirus models, live attenuated vaccines have proven to be the most effective, thus providing an important model for examining critical immune correlates of protective vaccine immunity. we previously reported that an experimental live attenuated vaccine for equine infectious anemia virus (eiav), based on mutation of the viral s2 accessory gene, elicited protection from detectable infection by virulent virus challenge (f. li e ... | 2005 | 15708986 |
| the moderately halophilic bacterium halomonas maura is a free-living diazotroph. | halomonas maura is a moderately halophilic bacterium which lives in saline soils and synthesises an exopolysaccharide known as mauran. strain s-31t grew in a nitrogen-free medium under an n2 atmosphere; the acetylene reduction assay proved positive under specific conditions. we identified the nifh gene in this strain by using degenerate oligonucleotides designed from highly preserved gene sequences obtained from the alignment of a large number of nifh sequences from different microorganisms. our ... | 2005 | 15727823 |
| partial off-loading of longitudinal tension induces arterial tortuosity. | arterial tortuosity is a frequent manifestation of vascular disease and collateral vessel growth, but its causes are poorly understood. this study was designed to assess the relationship between the development of tortuosity and the mechanical forces that are imposed on arterial tissue. | 2005 | 15746437 |
| the klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase fe protein gene (nifh) functionally substitutes for the chll gene in chlamydomonas reinhardtii. | the entire coding region of chll, an essential chloroplast gene required for chlorophyll biosynthesis in the dark in chlamydomonas reinhardtii, was precisely replaced by either the klebsiella pneumoniae nifh (encoding the structural component of nitrogenase fe protein) or the escherichia coli uida reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase. homoplasmic nifh or uida transformants were identified by southern blots after selection on minimal medium plates for several generations. all the uida transf ... | 2005 | 15752750 |
| induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in a low-susceptible albino oxford rat strain by somatostatin analogue sms 201-995. | the effect of the somatostatin analogue sms 201-995 (octreotide; oct) on the course of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) in the relatively resistant albino oxford (ao) strain of rats was studied. | 2005 | 15756050 |
| development and use of the h strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus from the netherlands as a vaccine: a review. | the h strain of infectious bronchitis (ib) was one of the earliest live attenuated ib vaccines to be developed and has continued to be use in most parts of the world for almost 50 years. it was developed for used at both the 52nd (h52) and 120th (h120) vaccine levels and, because of it ability to provide heterologous cross-protection against a number of ib viruses of different serotypes, has proved to be one of the most enduring live attenuated ib vaccines. in fact, the h120 vaccine is possibly ... | 2004 | 15763721 |
| genetic control of susceptibility to autoimmune gastritis. | a familial component to the tendency to develop autoimmune gastritis has long been recognized. although linkage to certain hla alleles and an association with the endocrine autoimmune diseases thyroiditis and type 1 diabetes have been reported, little further progress has been achieved in clinical studies. in contrast, the mouse model of gastritis induced in the balb/c strain by thymectomy in the third day of life has identified four linkage regions; two on distal chromosome 4 (gasa1 and gasa2), ... | 2005 | 15763989 |
| predicting effective caloric value of nonnutritive factors: iii. feed form affects broiler performance by modifying behavior patterns. | two trials of an experiment were conducted to confirm the relationships among effective caloric value (ecv) of the diet, net energy for gain (neg), bw, feed conversion ratio (fcr), and broiler behavior. further, we sought to examine such factors with benefits of pelleting, including feed form history (pellets vs. mash) in females from 2 strains of commercial broilers. composition of gain was measured on a sample of birds in both trials. in trial 1 birds were reared to 23 d on feed in crumble for ... | 2005 | 15782908 |
| design of metabolic engineering strategies for maximizing l-(-)-carnitine production by escherichia coli. integration of the metabolic and bioreactor levels. | in this work metabolic engineering strategies for maximizing l-(-)-carnitine production by escherichia coli based on the biochemical system theory and the indirect optimization method are presented. the model integrates the metabolic and the bioreactor levels using power-law formalism. based on the s-system model, the indirect optimization method was applied, leading to profiles of parameter values that are compatible with both the physiology of the cells and the bioreactor system operating cond ... | 2005 | 15801767 |
| mutation in mce operons attenuates mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence. | on the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome there are four mce operons, all of which are similar in sequence and organization, and code for putatively exported proteins. to investigate whether mce proteins are essential for virulence, we generated knock-out mutants in mce1, mce2 and mce3 operons of m. tuberculosis and evaluated their ability to multiply in a mammalian host. the allelic replacement was confirmed in each mutant strain by southern blotting. rt-pcr experiments demonstrated the lack of ... | 2005 | 15804490 |
| primary and secondary infection with ehrlichia chaffeensis in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are the principal reservoir host for ehrlichia chaffeensis, causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (hme). because white-tailed deer maintain a long-term infection with e. chaffeensis and because deer can be naturally exposed to multiple strains of e. chaffeensis, we evaluated the response to secondary infection of e. chaffeensis in deer. for primary infection, six white-tailed deer were injected with 5.4 x 10(6) dh82 cells infected with the ark ... | 2005 | 15815149 |
| induction of protective immunity against scrub typhus with a 56-kilodalton recombinant antigen fused with a 47-kilodalton antigen of orientia tsutsugamushi karp. | a partial gene sequence encoding the 56-kd scrub typhus antigen (sta56) was amplified from genomic dna of the orientia tsutsugamushi karp strain by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the pcr product was ligated with the 47-kd scrub typhus antigen (sta47) gene in the pqe30/47 expression vector, and the resulting recombinant expression vector was designated pqe30/56-47. a fusion antigen (sta56-47) was expressed in escherichia coli cells transformed with pqe30/56-47 after induction with isopropyl-b ... | 2005 | 15827286 |
| alleles on rat chromosome 4 (d4got41-fabp1/tacr1) regulate subphenotypes of obesity. | the use of inbred animal models is an essential component of the genetic dissection of complex diseases. because quantitative trait loci for serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and body weight were mapped on chromosome 4 in a cross of biobreeding/ottawakarlsburg (bb/ok) and spontaneously hypertensive (shr) rats, we established a congenic bb.shr rat strain by introgressing a shr segment of chromosome 4 (d4got41-tacr1) into a bb/ok background. the phenotype of these bb.shr rats (bb.4s) confirm ... | 2005 | 15833945 |
| [cloning of mmr-1 gene and expression in pichia pastoris systems]. | hmr-1 (homo myofibrillogenesis regulator 1, af417001) is a novel homo gene, which was firstly cloned in our laboratory. the former studies revealed that hmr-1 is a transmembrane protein which shows protein interaction with sarcomeric proteins like myomesin i, myosin regulatory light chain, alpha-enolase and some cell regulator proteins such as eukaryotic translation initiation factor3 subunit 5 (eif3s5) and etc. in this work, we focused on cloning the homologous gene of hmr-1 from mouse c57bl/6j ... | 2005 | 15859324 |
| [increase in tylosin production by a commercial strain of streptomyces fradiae]. | conventional mutagenesis (uv irradiation and exposure to nitrosoguanidine) were used to produce and regenerate protoplasts, aiming at increasing the antibiotic activity of a streptomycesfradiae strain producing tylosin. variants exceeding the activity of the initial producer strain by 0.5-28.3% were obtained. the most active variants were produced by a combined exposure to uv and nitrosoguanidine, as well as upon regeneration of protoplasts formed from the cells of clones produced by uv irradiat ... | 2005 | 15859462 |
| a cre-inducible diphtheria toxin receptor mediates cell lineage ablation after toxin administration. | a new system for lineage ablation is based on transgenic expression of a diphtheria toxin receptor (dtr) in mouse cells and application of diphtheria toxin (dt). to streamline this approach, we generated cre-inducible dtr transgenic mice (idtr) in which cre-mediated excision of a stop cassette renders cells sensitive to dt. we tested the idtr strain by crossing to the t cell- and b cell-specific cd4-cre and cd19-cre strains, respectively, and observed efficient ablation of t and b cells after ex ... | 2005 | 15908920 |
| tmc114, a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor active against protease inhibitor-resistant viruses, including a broad range of clinical isolates. | the purpose of this study was to characterize the antiviral activity, cytotoxicity, and mechanism of action of tmc114, a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) protease inhibitor (pi). tmc114 exhibited potent anti-hiv activity with a 50% effective concentration (ec50) of 1 to 5 nm and a 90% effective concentration of 2.7 to 13 nm. tmc114 exhibited no cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 100 mum (selectivity index, >20,000). all viruses in a panel of 19 recombinant clinical isolates ca ... | 2005 | 15917527 |
| deletion of the mu opioid receptor results in impaired acquisition of pavlovian context fear. | the mu opioid receptor may constitute a critical component of a negative feedback system that regulates pavlovian fear conditioning. we investigated context fear conditioning acquisition and expression in mu opioid receptor knockout mice (on an inbred, c57 genetic background). we discovered that the mu receptor knockout results in an unexpected and significant deficit in context fear acquisition. mice lacking the mu receptor showed normal fear acquisition when subjected to a 1-day fear condition ... | 2005 | 15936681 |
| transcriptional regulation of the one-carbon metabolism regulon in saccharomyces cerevisiae by bas1p. | the mechanisms mediating responses to glycine withdrawal in budding yeast were studied using a genome-wide profiling approach. a striking pattern of repressed expression of genes with an enrichment for those involved in one-carbon metabolism and amp biosynthesis was revealed. sequence analysis of the promoters for the most severely repressed genes identified a conserved sequence, tgactc, a known binding site for the transcription factors gcn4p and bas1p. loss of bas1 abolished or significantly r ... | 2005 | 15948949 |
| heterologous extracellular production of enterocin p from enterococcus faecium p13 in the methylotrophic bacterium methylobacterium extorquens. | enterocin p (entp), a strong antilisterial pediocin-like bacteriocin from enterococcus faecium p13, was produced by methylobacterium extorquens. for heterologous expression of entp in the methylotrophic bacterium m. extorquens, a recombinant plasmid was constructed. the gene encoding the entp structural gene (entp) was cloned into the plasmid vector pcm80, under control of the methanol dehydrogenase promoter (p(mxaf)), to generate plasmid ps25. when m. extorquens atcc 55366 was transformed with ... | 2005 | 15950402 |
| [construction of the attenuated salmonella typhimurium strain expressing helicobacter pylori conservative region of adhesin antigen]. | to construct a non-resistance and attenuated salmonella typhimurium strain which expresses conservative region of adhesin(ab) of helicobacter pylori(hp). the ab gene was amplified by pcr and inserted into the expression vector pya248 containing asd gene and was introduceded into the delta cya, delta crp, delta asd attenuated salmonella typhimurium strain by twice transformations, which is a balanced lethal recombinant. bridged elisa method was used to measure ab expressed in sonicate and culture ... | 2003 | 15969060 |
| purification and characterization of a thermostable raw starch digesting amylase from a streptomyces sp. isolated in a milling factory. | a raw starch utilizing microbe was isolated from mud in a milling factory. the 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing and morphological properties of the strain indicated that it belongs to the genus streptomyces. a strongly raw starch digesting amylase was purified from the culture supernatant of the strain by chromatographic procedures. the specific activity of the enzyme was 11.7 u/mg, molecular mass 47 kda, optimum ph 6.0, and optimum temperature 50 to 60 degrees c. the enzyme showed sufficient ... | 2005 | 15973037 |
| genetic approach to study the relationship between penicillin-binding protein 3 mutations and haemophilus influenzae beta-lactam resistance by using site-directed mutagenesis and gene recombinants. | to clarify the relationship between mutations commonly found for penicillin-binding protein 3 (pbp 3) of beta-lactamase-nonproducing ampicillin-resistant (blnar) haemophilus influenzae isolates and beta-lactam resistance, single and multiple amino acid mutations at positions 377, 385, 389, 517, and 526 were introduced into pbp 3 of a beta-lactam-susceptible rd strain by site-directed mutagenesis. twelve isogenic recombinant strains were challenged with nine beta-lactam antibiotics. replacement o ... | 2005 | 15980357 |
| genetic modification and variations in solvent increase the sensitivity of the yeast rad54-gfp genotoxicity assay. | the yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) rad54-gfp dna repair reporter assay (greenscreen assay, gsa) can be used for early genotoxicity screening in drug discovery. during the initial validation of this preregulatory assay, a subset of known genotoxic compounds that did not give reproducibly clear positive gsa results was identified. cell permeability, inherent drug resistance mechanisms, metabolic activation and compound solubility were identified as possible barriers to the detection of specific ... | 2005 | 15985442 |
| severe watery diarrhoea and bacteraemia caused by vibrio fluvialis. | individual cases and outbreaks of vibrio fluvialis-associated gastroenteritis have been reported sporadically, with just one fatal bacteraemia case complicated with shigellosis described. we present a patient that suffered from severe watery diarrhoea requiring parenteral hyperalimentation. v. fluvialis simultaneously cultured from stool and blood proved to be the same strain by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. the patient was cured with intravenous administration of antibiotics ... | 2006 | 15996742 |
| drug resistance evolution of a mycobacterium tuberculosis strain from a noncompliant patient. | the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (mdr) mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) represents a worldwide health care problem because of the difficulty in treating these infections. development of drug resistance in mt arises mainly by mutation of chromosomal genes. to investigate the evolution of a mt population during a long-lasting infection, the phenotypic and genotypic changes in the drug resistance of 10 sequential mt isolates from a noncompliant chronically infected patient were invest ... | 2005 | 16000422 |
| point mutations in an infectious bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 2 cdna transcript that yields an attenuated and protective viral progeny. | an infectious cdna clone of the hypervirulent bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) strain 890 (isolate 256) was produced by a streamlined pcr procedure. as compared to the published sequence of strain 890, the nucleotide sequencing of cloned cdna corresponding to isolate 256 revealed several mutations seven of which were attributed to the cloning procedure. the infectious transcript was transfected into permissive cells and led to viral multiplication (avrii+ strain). in vitro, viral titres reach ... | 2005 | 16005739 |
| analysis of the role of hp0208, a phase-variable open reading frame, and its homologues hp1416 and hp0159 in the biosynthesis of helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide. | the roles of the three orfs hp0208, hp0159 and hp1416 in the biosynthesis of helicobacter pylori 26695 lps were investigated in this study. these orfs represent a paralogous family of genes with homology to the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (hereafter referred to as s. typhimurium) waaj gene, which encodes an alpha-1,2-glycosyltransferase required for core lps biosynthesis. hp0208 contains multiple tandem repeats of the dimer 5'ga at its 5' end and its expression is predicted to be sub ... | 2005 | 16014421 |
| [construction of monovalent and compound nucleic acid vaccines against toxoplasma gondii with gene encoding p30]. | to construct a monovalent gene vaccine pcdna3.1-p30 and a compound gene vaccine pcdna3.1-p30-rop2 and assess the protective effect of the two vaccines against toxoplasma gondii. | 2005 | 16042200 |
| efficacy of telavancin in a rabbit model of aortic valve endocarditis due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus or vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus. | the activities of telavancin and vancomycin were compared in vitro and in the rabbit model of aortic valve endocarditis against a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strain, col, and a vancomycin-intermediate s. aureus (visa) strain, hip 5836. telavancin was bactericidal in time-kill studies at a concentration of 5 microg/ml against both col and hip5836. vancomycin was bacteriostatic at 5 microg/ml and bactericidal at 10 microg/ml against col and was bacteriostatic at 10 microg/ml agains ... | 2005 | 16048918 |
| characterization of botulinum progenitor toxins by mass spectrometry. | botulinum toxin analysis has renewed importance. this study included the use of nanochromatography-nanoelectrospray-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry to characterize the protein composition of botulinum progenitor toxins and to assign botulinum progenitor toxins to their proper serotype and strain by using currently available sequence information. clostridium botulinum progenitor toxins from strains hall, okra, stockholm, mdph, alaska, and langeland and 89 representing serotypes a through g, r ... | 2005 | 16085839 |
| increased expression of the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase is involved in resistance to gemcitabine in human mammary adenocarcinoma cells. | resistance to cytotoxic nucleoside analogues is a major problem in cancer treatment. the cellular mechanisms involved in this phenomenon have been studied for several years, and some factors have been identified. however, this resistance seems to be multifactorial and more studies are needed to gain better insight into this domain. for this purpose, we developed a gemcitabine-resistant cell line (mcf7 1k) from the human mammary adenocarcinoma mcf7 strain by prolonged exposure to gemcitabine in v ... | 2005 | 16093443 |
| metabolic engineering of clostridium acetobutylicum for the industrial production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol. | clostridium butyricum is to our knowledge the best natural 1,3-propanediol producer from glycerol and the only microorganism identified so far to use a coenzyme b12-independent glycerol dehydratase. however, to develop an economical process of 1,3-propanediol production, it would be necessary to improve the strain by a metabolic engineering approach. unfortunately, no genetic tools are currently available for c. butyricum and all our efforts to develop them have been so far unsuccessful. to obta ... | 2005 | 16095939 |
| phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is an acid-induced, chromosomally encoded virulence factor in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | the pcka gene, encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, catalyzes the reversible decarboxylation and phosphorylation of oxaloacetate to form phosphoenolpyruvate. located on the circular chromosome of agrobacterium, this locus is adjacent to the loci chvg and chvi, encoding a two-component regulatory system that has been shown to be important in virulence. using a reporter gene fusion, studies showed that the pcka gene is induced by acidic ph but not by acetosyringone. this acid induction is r ... | 2005 | 16109945 |
| potent synergic effect between ibuprofen and azoles on candida resulting from blockade of efflux pumps as determined by fun-1 staining and flow cytometry. | resistance to antifungals often relates to efflux pumps exporting drugs; several modulators may block them, reverting resistance. verapamil, beta-oestradiol and progesterone, known efflux pump inhibitors of human neoplastic cells, and ibuprofen were tested as potential modulators of resistance of candida spp. | 2005 | 16115827 |
| pharmacodynamics of polymyxin b against pseudomonas aeruginosa. | despite limited data, polymyxin b (pb) is increasingly used clinically as the last therapeutic option for multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative bacterial infections. we examined the in vitro pharmacodynamics of pb against four strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa. clonal relatedness of the strains was assessed by random amplification of polymorphic dna. time-kill studies over 24 h were performed with approximately 10(5) and 10(7) cfu/ml of bacteria, using pb at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16x m ... | 2005 | 16127031 |
| in-depth analysis of a heterosexually acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 superinfection: evolution, temporal fluctuation, and intercompartment dynamics from the seronegative window period through 30 months postinfection. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) superinfection refers to the acquisition of another strain by an already infected individual. here we report a comprehensive genetic analysis of an hiv-1 superinfection acquired heterosexually. the infected individual was in a high-risk cohort in tanzania, was exposed to multiple subtypes, and was systematically evaluated every 3 months with a fluorescent multi-region genotyping assay. the subject was identified in the window period and was first infec ... | 2005 | 16140747 |
| protein and antigenic variability among mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains by sds-page and immunoblot. | porcine enzootic pneumonia (pep), with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae as the primary agent, is a chronic respiratory disease that causes major economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. the aim of this work was to analyse 18 field strains of m. hyopneumoniae isolated in gran canaria (spain) and the reference m. hyopneumoniae strain by sds-page and immunoblot. a monoclonal antibody (mab) against the membrane protein p46 reacted with all the strains in this study. in contrast, a purified polyclonal ... | 2005 | 16142605 |
| impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 amino acid substitutions selected during enfuvirtide treatment on gp41 binding and antiviral potency of enfuvirtide in vitro. | enfuvirtide (enf), a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) fusion inhibitor, has potent antiviral activity against hiv-1 both in vitro and in vivo. resistance to enf observed after in vitro passaging was associated with changes in a three-amino-acid (aa) motif, giv, at positions 36 to 38 of gp41. patients with ongoing viral replication while receiving enf during clinical trials acquired substitutions within gp41 aa 36 to 45 in the first heptad repeat (hr-1) of gp41 in both population ... | 2005 | 16160172 |
| construction of transgenic bacillus mucilaginosus strain with improved phytase secretion. | to construct a transgenic bacillus mucilaginosus strain to increase the secretion capability of a wild-type isolate of b. mucilaginosus d4b1 to hydrolyse phytate phosphorus, which can be used as a microbial fertilizer in field application. | 2005 | 16162239 |
| isolation by genetic and physiological characteristics of a fuel-ethanol fermentative saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with potential for genetic manipulation. | fuel ethanol fermentation process is a complex environment with an intensive succession of yeast strains. the population stability depends on the use of a well-adapted strain that can fit to a particular industrial plant. this stability helps to keep high level of ethanol yield and it is absolutely required when intending to use recombinant strains. yeast strains have been previously isolated from different distilleries in northeast brazil and clustered in genetic strains by pcr-fingerprinting. ... | 2005 | 16175407 |
| effect of deletion or overexpression of the 19-kilodalton lipoprotein rv3763 on the innate response to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the 19-kda lipoprotein of mycobacterium tuberculosis is an important target of the innate immune response. to investigate the immune biology of this antigen in the context of the whole bacillus, we derived a recombinant m. tuberculosis h37rv that lacked the 19-kda-lipoprotein gene (delta19) and complemented this strain by reintroduction of the 19-kda-lipoprotein gene on a multicopy vector to produce delta19::psmt181. the delta19 strain multiplied less well than delta19::psmt181 in human monocyte ... | 2005 | 16177361 |
| use of hepatitis c virus-positive grafts in liver transplantation: a single-centre experience. | our goal was to evaluate the outcome of hcv(+) recipients after liver transplantation (lt) using hcv(+) donors and the interaction between donor and recipient viral strain. | 2005 | 16182746 |
| dynamic regulation of mechanosensitive channels: capacitance used to monitor patch tension in real time. | all cells, from bacteria to human, are mechanically sensitive. the most rapid of these membrane protein transducers are mechanosensitive ion channels, ionic pores in the membrane that open and close in response to membrane tension. in specific sensory organs, these channels serve the senses of touch and hearing, and inform the central nervous system about the filling of hollow organs such as the bladder. non-specialized cells use these channels to report on changes in cell volume and local strai ... | 2004 | 16204817 |
| tularemia in denmark: identification of a francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica strain by real-time pcr and high-resolution typing by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis. | we report ulceroglandular tularemia affecting an 8-year-old boy and the first recovery of francisella tularensis in denmark. a novel real-time pcr assay was used to identify the strain as f. tularensis subsp. holarctica (type b). multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis demonstrated a close genetic relationship to strains from norway. | 2005 | 16208017 |
| abortive translation caused by peptidyl-trna drop-off at ngg codons in the early coding region of mrna. | in escherichia coli the codons cgg, agg, ugg or ggg (ngg codons) but not ggn or gng (where n is non-g) are associated with low expression of a reporter gene, if located at positions +2 to +5. induction of a lacz reporter gene with any one of the ngg codons at position +2 to +5 does not influence growth of a normal strain, but growth of a strain with a defective peptidyl-trna hydrolase (pth) enzyme is inhibited. the same codons, if placed at position +7, did not give this effect. other codons, su ... | 2005 | 16218960 |
| synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of three palladium(ii) complexes of tetracyclines. | pd(ii) complexes with three antibiotics of the tetracycline family (tetracycline, doxycycline and chlortetracycline) were synthesized and characterized by elemental, thermogravimetric, and conductivity analyses, and infrared spectroscopy. the interactions between pd(ii) ions and tetracycline were investigated in aqueous solution by (1)h nmr. all the tetracyclines studied form 1:1 complexes with pd(ii) via the oxygen of the hydroxyl group at ring a and that of the amide group. the effect of the t ... | 2005 | 16226807 |
| cloning and in vivo functional analysis by disruption of a gene encoding the gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptor from streptomyces natalensis. | a gene encoding a gamma-butyrolactone autoregulator receptor, which has a common activity as dna-binding transcriptional repressors controlling secondary metabolism and/or morphological differentiation in streptomyces, was cloned from a natamycin producer, streptomyces natalensis. pcr using the primers designed for the two highly conserved regions of streptomyces autoregulator receptors (bara, fara, scbr, and arpa) gave a 102-bp band. the sequence of this band had a high similarity to the expect ... | 2005 | 16228193 |