| mosquito larvicidal activity of isolated compounds from the rhizome of zingiber officinale. | the larvicidal activity of a petroleum ether extract of zingiber officinale roscoe (zingiberaceae) was evaluated against aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera). bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of 4-gingerol (1), (6)-dehydrogingerdione (2) and (6)-dihydrogingerdione (3); the latter has not previously been reported from z. officinale. the structures were established from infrared (ir), ultraviolet (uv), (1)h-nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr), (13)c-nmr and mass ... | 2008 | 18618523 |
| [attractive properties and physicochemical modifications of water following colonization by aedes aegypti larvae (diptera: culicidae)]. | the authors investigated in this paper the attractiveness of a water colonized ('positive' breeding site) or not ('negative' breeding site) by larvae of aedes aegypti on gravid females and then characterized their physicochemical properties to identify and quantify the principal components. the results showed that the water that sheltered several generations of larvae was more attractive to gravid females than water that had never been colonized. the water in a 'positive' breeding site contains ... | 2008 | 18606391 |
| topically applied aaeiap1 double-stranded rna kills female adults of aedes aegypti. | aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is the primary vector of both dengue and yellow fever. use of insecticides is one of the primary ways to control this medically important insect pest. however, few new insecticides have been developed for mosquito control in recent years. as a part of our effort to develop new insecticides to control mosquitoes, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 gene in aedes aegypti (aaeiap1) was targeted for the development of molecular pesticides. herein, for the firs ... | 2008 | 18533434 |
| cytochrome c gene and protein expression: developmental regulation, environmental response, and pesticide sensitivity in aedes aegypti. | cytochrome c is a highly conserved protein that is found in many multicellular and unicellular organisms. cytochrome c is a critical intermediate in apoptosis: a controlled form of cell death that kills cells as part of their natural process of development and in response to environmental condition. to detect whether cytochrome c of the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) (aeacytc) is developmentally regulated, we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to examine aeacytc gene expres ... | 2008 | 18533432 |
| further research on the production, longevity and infectivity of the zoospores of leptolegnia chapmanii seymour (oomycota: peronosporomycetes). | the effect of temperature on the production, survival and infectivity of zoospores of an argentinean isolate of leptolegnia chapmanii was determined under laboratory conditions. production of zoospores of l. chapmaniiin vitro and in vivo upon first and fourth instars larvae of the mosquito aedes aegypti was studied at three different temperatures. zoospores from infected larvae were infective to mosquito larvae for 51, 12, and 5 consecutive days when maintained at 25, 35, and 10 degrees c, respe ... | 2008 | 18511067 |
| the yin and yang of linkage disequilibrium: mapping of genes and nucleotides conferring insecticide resistance in insect disease vectors. | genetic technologies developed in the last 20 years have lead to novel and exciting methods to identify genes and specific nucleotides within genes that control phenotypes in field collected organisms. in this review we define and explain two of these methods: linkage disequilibrium (ld) mapping and quantitative trait nucleotide (qtn) mapping. the power to detect valid genotype-phenotype associations with ld or qtn mapping depends critically on the extent to which segregating sites in a genome a ... | 2008 | 18510015 |
| scanning electron microscopy of the four larval instars of the dengue fever vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | aedes aegypti is the main insect vector of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome and represents the only vulnerable element in the control of this disease. therefore, the identification and quantification of this mosquito is an important task; however, the majority of taxonomic keys are based on the 4th larval instar. for that reason, this study describes the four larval instars ofa. aegypti using scanning electron microscopy. morphological changes during larval develop ... | 2006 | 18491625 |
| scanning electron microscopy of damage caused by mesocyclops thermocyclopoides (copepoda: cyclopoidea) on larvae of the dengue fever vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease, whose main biological vector is aedes aegypti. this mosquito colonizes tropical areas where the disease is endemic. the most obvious action against dengue is attacking its vector. biological control appears to be an alternative approach, using natural enemies of the mosquitoes, such as predatory copepods. thus, the morphological study of the damage caused by copepods is important to understand its predatory capacity. twenty-five a. aegypti larvae w ... | 2006 | 18491624 |
| synergist efficacy of piperonyl butoxide with deltamethrin as pyrethroid insecticide on culex tritaeniorhynchus (diptera: culicidae) and other mosquitoe species. | continuous and indiscriminate use of pesticides, especially in tropical countries for public health or agriculture purpose, has led many vector populations to become resistant to organochlorides, organophosphates, and even to carbamates and pyrethroids. development of resistance by a vector population has been one of the reasons for the failure of the control measures in many countries. this investigation demonstrates the efficacy of piperonyl-butoxide (pbo) with deltamethrin, as pyrethroid inse ... | 2009 | 18442073 |
| toxicity of permethrin-, malathion-, and fipronil-treated plant foliage to aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti. | the toxicities of malathion-, permethrin-, and fipronil-treated plant foliage against laboratory colonies of adult aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus were evaluated. the exposure times significantly affected the percentage knockdown of mosquitoes. fipronil-impregnated plant leaves caused higher mortality than malathion- and permethrin-impregnated leaves at the same application rates. aedes albopictus was more sensitive to the 3 kinds of insecticides than ae. aegypti. the method for bioassay of m ... | 2008 | 18437834 |
| long-term surveillance data and patterns of invasion by aedes albopictus in florida. | we used geographic information system (gis) and long-term mosquito surveillance data from lake, pasco, manatee, and sarasota counties, fl, to look at patterns of invasion by aedes albopictus and concurrent changes in resident ae. aegypti. we investigated environmental factors associated with population changes in these species with the use of satellite climate data. aedes aegypti densities attenuated rapidly following the arrival of ae. albopictus in most counties, yet both species persisted in ... | 2008 | 18437824 |
| comparative evaluation of fecundity and survivorship of six copepod (copepoda: cyclopidae) species, in relation to selection of candidate biological control agents against aedes aegypti. | the fecundity and survival of 6 copepod species were assessed under laboratory conditions in order to choose the best candidates to control the aquatic stages of dengue mosquitoes in the field. females of all the 6 species (mesocyclops aspericornis, mesocyclops pehpeiensis, mesocyclops woutersi, mesocyclops thermocyclopoides, mesocyclops ogunnus, and megacyclops viridis) mated more than once. multiple mating resulted in increased egg production. the reproductive ability and longevity varied amon ... | 2008 | 18437816 |
| a biodegradable lethal ovitrap for control of container-breeding aedes. | lethal ovitraps (lo) have been successfully deployed in dengue control operations in north queensland, australia since 2004. however, the current plastic-bucket lo must be retrieved before the pesticide-treated strip degrades and the trap begins producing mosquitoes. the logistics involved with trap retrieval are considerable and include recording trap location and retrieval date onto a database, locating and retrieving each trap, and examining lethal ovitraps for eggs. collectively, these neces ... | 2008 | 18437814 |
| annotated checklist of the mosquitoes of pennsylvania including new state records. | a checklist of 62 species of mosquitoes found in pennsylvania is presented. in addition, new state records for 9 species are as follows: aedes aegypti, anopheles earlei, culiseta minnesotae, ochlerotatus atlanticus/oc. tormentor, oc. dupreei, oc. infirmatus, oc. thibaulti, psorophora howardii. | 2008 | 18437806 |
| mosquito larvicidal activity of gluanol acetate, a tetracyclic triterpenes derived from ficus racemosa linn. | the larvicidal activity of crude hexane, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol extracts of the leaf and bark of ficus racemosa (moraceae) was assayed for their toxicity against the early fourth-instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). the larval mortality was observed after 24-h exposure. all extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in bark acetone extract of f. racemosa. in the present study, bioassay-guide ... | 2008 | 18437423 |
| larvicidal activities of some organotin compounds on mosquito larvae: a qsar study. | mosquitoes are not only the cause of nuisance by their bites but also transmit deadly diseases like malaria, filariasis, yellow fever, dengue, and japanese encephalitis. in this paper, nine qsar models were developed using different series of organotins with respect to their larvicidal activities against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi mosquito larvae. internal [cross-validation (loo-q(2)), quality factor (q), fischer statistics (f), and y-randomization] and external validation tests have ... | 2009 | 18423942 |
| a dehydrochlorinase-based ph change assay for determination of ddt in sprayed surfaces. | a glutathione s-transferase (gst) from the mosquito aedes aegypti (aagste2), selected in the field as a major metabolic resistance enzyme for this parasite vector, was employed to produce a highly specific assay for the determination of ddt [1,1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene]. detection is based on the ph change occurring in an appropriate buffer system by the concomitant release of h(+) during the aagste2-catalyzed dehydrochlorination reaction and is monitored potentiometrically or ... | 2008 | 18423389 |
| [aedes aegypti oviposition in response to npk fertilizers]. | fertilizers are mineral associations intended to bring to the plants nutritive complements necessary to their growth. modern fertilizers (npk) combine the three basic elements which are the nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p) and potassium (k). in this study, we investigated in tunnel apparatus the influence of aqueous solutions containing low, moderate and high concentrations of npk on the oviposition of aedes aegypti. the results showed that the solutions containing moderate concentrations (nk = 17-3 ... | 2008 | 18416252 |
| cross-induction of detoxification genes by environmental xenobiotics and insecticides in the mosquito aedes aegypti: impact on larval tolerance to chemical insecticides. | the effect of exposure of aedes aegypti larvae to sub-lethal doses of the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin, the organophosphate temephos, the herbicide atrazine, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluoranthene and the heavy metal copper on their subsequent tolerance to insecticides, detoxification enzyme activities and expression of detoxification genes was investigated. bioassays revealed a moderate increase in larval tolerance to permethrin following exposure to fluoranthene and copper while ... | 2008 | 18405832 |
| pupal dimensions as predictors of adult size in fitness studies of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | adult body size is a central life history character in mosquito fitness studies. i evaluated the predictive values of pupal cephalothorax length, cephalothorax width, and wet weight for adult size (wing length) of male and female aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). cephalothorax length was the most consistent and accurate predictor of adult size. width of the cephalothorax and wet weight were more variable, and they significantly decreased shortly before adult emergence. i propose that ceph ... | 2008 | 18402150 |
| age-dependent survival of the dengue vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) demonstrated by simultaneous release-recapture of different age cohorts. | the assumption that mosquito survival remains constant and that it is independent of age was tested with free-ranging aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) by using a "synthetic cohort" mark-release-recapture method. mosquito age cohorts (1-2, 3-4, and 19-20 d) were released simultaneously in homes in rural thai villages during dry and rainy seasons (2002). significant age-dependent effects were detected during the dry and rainy seasons. more young than older mosquitoes were recaptured (1-4 ve ... | 2008 | 18402147 |
| effects of physiological conditioning on behavioral avoidance by using a single age group of aedes aegypti exposed to deltamethrin and ddt. | the behavioral and physiological responses of 6-d-old aedes aegypti (l.) adult females exposed to deltamethrin and ddt were characterized using a free-choice excito-repellency test system. excluding varying pretest age and carbohydrate availability as possible confounders, insecticide contact (measuring irritancy) and noncontact (measuring repellency) behavioral assays were conducted on two nonbloodfed groups, either unmated or mated (nulliparous), and two blood-fed groups, either parous or newl ... | 2008 | 18402141 |
| larvicidal activity of leaf extract of millingtonia hortensis (family: bignoniaceae) against anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti. | | 2008 | 18399320 |
| diterpenoids from copaifera reticulata ducke with larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera, culicidae). | the objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of diterpenoids obtained from the oil-resin of copaifera reticulata against aedes aegypti larvae, the principal vector of dengue and urban yellow fever. four diterpenes were obtained from oil-resin extraction with organic solvents and subsequent chromatographic and spectroscopic procedures allowed to isolation and identification of these compounds as 3-beta-acetoxylabdan-8(17)-13-dien-15-oic acid (1), alepterolic acid (2), 3-bet ... | 2008 | 18383630 |
| the diel oviposition periodicity of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) in the laboratory: substrate-movement effect. | the diel oviposition periodicity of females of the lshtm strain of aedes aegypti was studied, under laboratory conditions, using one female/cage and monitoring, by changing the substrate, every 1, 2, 4 or 24 h. the individual females monitored at hourly intervals showed peak oviposition at 18.00-19.00 hours (a period when 44% of the eggs observed were laid) whereas the individuals monitored at two-hourly intervals showed peak oviposition between 16.00-18.00 hours (38% of eggs). the four-hourly m ... | 2008 | 18348780 |
| larvicidal efficacy of five cucurbitaceous plant leaf extracts against mosquito species. | larvicidal activity of crude hexane, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol extracts of the leaf of five species of cucurbitaceous plants, citrullus colocynthis, coccinia indica, cucumis sativus, momordica charantia, and trichosanthes anguina, were tested against the early fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus (say) (diptera: culicidae). the larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. all extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects; however, ... | 2008 | 18340464 |
| susceptibility of aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus say, and anopheles quadrimaculatus say to 19 pesticides with different modes of action. | to access the relative potency of pesticides to control adult mosquitoes, 19 pesticides with various modes of action were evaluated against aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus say, and anopheles quadrimaculatus say. on the basis of 24-h ld50 values after topical application, the only pesticide that had higher activity than permethrin was fipronil, with ld50 values lower than permethrin for 107-, 4,849-, and 2-fold against ae. aegypti, cx. quinquefasciatus say, and an. quadrimaculatus say, resp ... | 2008 | 18283946 |
| limonoids as larvicidal components against mosquito larvae (aedes aegypti linn.). | the study focussed on four limonoids (calodendrolide, harrisonin, pedonin and pyroangolensolide) as larvicidal components against mosquito 2nd instar larvae of the species aedes aegypti linn. senso stricto. since pyroangolensolide is close to calodendrolide in structure, it was synthesized through reduction of calodendrolide with chromium(ii) chloride in acetone. harrisonin and pedonin were extracted with cold methanol from the root bark of harrisonia abyssinica while calodendrolide was extracte ... | 2009 | 18274285 |
| chitin synthesis inhibitor effect on aedes aegypti populations susceptible and resistant to organophosphate temephos. | in brazil, dengue vector control is hampered by the resistance of aedes aegypti l. populations to organophosphates (ops). insect growth regulators (igrs) are a promising alternative, as their mechanisms of action are different from those of conventional insecticides. the authors analysed the effect of the igr triflumuron, a chitin synthesis inhibitor, on the ae. aegypti insecticide-susceptible strain rockefeller, as well as on field populations both susceptible (tems) and resistant (temr) to the ... | 2008 | 18257034 |
| levels of insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in aedes aegypti from some latin american countries. | eight latin american strains of aedes aegypti were evaluated for resistance to 6 organophosphates (temephos, malathion, fenthion, pirimiphos-methyl, fenitrothion, and chlorpirifos) and 4 pyrethroids (deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, betacypermethrin, and cyfluthrin) under laboratory conditions. in larval bioassays, temephos resistance was high (resistance ratio [rr50], > or =10x) in the majority of the strains, except for the nicaragua and venezuela strains, which showed moderate resistance (rr5 ... | 2007 | 18240518 |
| gap junctions in malpighian tubules of aedes aegypti. | we present electrical, physiological and molecular evidence for substantial electrical coupling of epithelial cells in malpighian tubules via gap junctions. current was injected into one principal cell of the isolated malpighian tubule and membrane voltage deflections were measured in that cell and in two neighboring principal cells. by short-circuiting the transepithelial voltage with the diuretic peptide leucokinin-viii we largely eliminated electrical coupling of principal cells through the t ... | 2008 | 18203997 |
| [effect of lethal ovitrap on the longevity of females of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae)]. | oviposition traps with added insecticide may work as a new method for controlling the females of the aedes aegypti mosquito. females of aedes aegypti were placed in contact with lethal ovitraps with aging. the mortality rate ranged from 60.3% to 100%. the effect of aging the slats impregnated with deltamethrin was significant in relation to the percentage mortality among aedes aegypti females. | 2012 | 18200416 |
| variations in insecticidal activity and chemical compositions of leaf essential oils from cryptomeria japonica at different ages. | the larvicidal effects of the essential oils extracted from the leaves of cryptomeria japonica at different ages (58, 42, and 26 years old) against 2 mosquito species, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, were studied. the analysis of major constituents of these essential oils was also investigated. results obtained from the larvicidal tests, using essential oil from the leaves of 58-year-old c. japonica was found to be most effective against both a. aegypti and a. albopictus larvae, indicating t ... | 2009 | 18178080 |
| effect of bioactive fractions of citrullus vulgaris schrad. leaf extract against anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti. | the benzene extract of citrullus vulgaris was tested against anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti for the larvicidal activity and ovicidal properties. the crude benzene extract was found to be more effective against a. stephensi than a. aegypti. the lc50 values were 18.56 and 42.76 ppm respectively. the lc50 values for silica gel fractions (bioactive fractions i, ii, iii and iv) were 11.32, 14.12, 14.53 and 16.02 ppm respectively. the mean per cent hatchability of the egg rafts were observed af ... | 2008 | 18176817 |
| insecticidal activity of menthol derivatives against mosquitoes. | the insecticidal activity of essential oil of mentha piperita l. emend. huds. against local mosquitoes as disease vectors was recognized and found to be due to the presence of menthol, which is the major aroma compound of the oil. the minor compounds of the oil, i.e. menthone, beta-caryophyllene, menthyl acetate, limonene, alpha-pinene and pulegone, showed either less or no activity against the mosquitoes tested. l-menthol derivatives were synthesized and their knockdown effect and mortality wer ... | 2008 | 18095385 |
| a mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene associated with pyrethroid resistance in latin american aedes aegypti. | pyrethroids are commonly used as mosquito adulticides and evolution of resistance to these compounds is a major threat to public health. 'knockdown resistance' to pyrethroids (kdr) is frequently caused by nonsynonymous mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel transmembrane protein (para) that reduce pyrethroid binding. early detection of kdr is critical to the development of resistance management strategies in mosquitoes including aedes aegypti, the most prevalent vector of dengue and yello ... | 2007 | 18093007 |
| meiotic drive by the y-linked d gene in aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is associated with disruption of spermiogenesis, leading to premature senescence of spermatozoa. | y chromosome meiotic drive in the mosquito aedes aegypti, due to the gene d (distorter) in coupling with m (male determination) [the md haplotype], is associated with spermiogenic disruption, leading to senescence, at a rate proportionate to male excess. spermiogenesis was compared between 'enhanced mutant' males with a strongly female-depleted sex ratio (8.9% females), 'mutant' males showing a lesser degree of distortion (38.3% females), and two controls with normal sex ratios (51.2% and 49.2% ... | 2007 | 18089102 |
| occurrence of toxorhynchites guadeloupensis (dyar knab) in oviposition trap of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | toxorhynchites guadeloupensis (dyar knab), a poorly known mosquito species, was observed preying upon aedes aegypti (l.) larvae, in an oviposition trap placed for routine dengue entomological surveillance, during 2003-2004 in the urban area of boa vista, roraima, brazil. this is the first report for tx. guadeloupensis using ae. aegypti oviposition traps as breeding places. this finding may have important consequences in the epidemiology and local dengue control since ae. aegypti density is a bas ... | 2007 | 18060310 |
| strategies for regulation of hemolymph ph in acidic and alkaline water by the larval mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera; culicidae). | the responses of larval aedes aegypti to media of ph 4, 7 and 11 provide evidence for ph regulatory strategies. drinking rates in ph 4 media were elevated 3- to 5-fold above those observed in ph 7 or 11. total body water was elevated during acute exposure to acidic media. during chronic exposure, total body water was decreased and malpighian tubule mitochondrial luminosity, quantified using mitotracker green fm, increased. malpighian tubule secretion rates and energy demands thus appear to incre ... | 2007 | 18055625 |
| influence of larval density or food variation on the geometry of the wing of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti. | variation in wing length among natural populations of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is associated with different vectorial capacities. geometric morphometrics allowed us to use a more powerful estimator of wing size ('centroid size'), as well as to visualize the variation of wing shape, to describe the effects of density or food variation at larval stage on 20 anatomical landmarks of the wing of a. aegypti. | 2007 | 18045262 |
| vector monitoring of aedes aegypti in the autonomous region of madeira, portugal. | | 2007 | 18005646 |
| [macrocyclops albidus (copepoda: cyclopidae): a new alternative for the control of mosquito larvae in cuba]. | the cyclopoid copepod macrocyclops albidus was evaluated as a biological control agent of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus larvae, culicides that frequently live in containers of domestic use in urban zones. the experiments were made under controlled laboratory conditions. plastic containers with 5 l of dechlorinated water and 3 g of dry leaves were used. 2 densities of copepods and 3 combinations of larvae densities were added. 5 replicas were made. the count of the suviving larvae and ... | 2009 | 17969275 |
| chemical composition and larvicidal activities of the essential oil of zanthoxylum armatum dc (rutaceae) against three mosquito vectors. | in view of the recently increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study was undertaken to assess the larvicidal potential of the essential oil from the seeds of zanthoxylum armatum dc [syn. z. alatum roxb] (rutaceae) against three medically important species of mosquito vectors, aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasciatus. | 2007 | 17896622 |
| biotic and abiotic factors affecting leptolegnia chapmanii infection in aedes aegypti. | the effects of water volume, container surface area and the density of hosts and fungal zoospores on the infectivity of the oomycete fungus leptolegnia chapmanii to aedes aegypti were investigated in the laboratory. late 3rd or early 4th instars from a laboratory colony were used as hosts in all assays. fourth instars infected with l. chapmanii for 48 h (6.1 +/- 0.2 x 10(4) zoospores/larva) were used as inoculum. mortality rates were >90% in containers with 20 or fewer larvae when exposed to 1 i ... | 2007 | 17847851 |
| larvicidal activity of tectoquinone isolated from red heartwood-type cryptomeria japonica against two mosquito species. | mosquito larvicidal activities of methanolic extracts from different plant parts of red heartwood-type cryptomeria japonica d. don against the fourth-instar larvae of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus were examined. results of mosquito larvicidal tests demonstrated that the n-hexane fraction of c. japonica sapwood methanolic extract had an excellent inhibitory effect against the larvae of a. aegypti and a. albopictus and its lc50 values were 2.4 and 3.3 microg/ml, respectively, in 24h. followin ... | 2008 | 17804221 |
| [determination in vivo of the role of esterase and glutathione transferase enzymes in pyrethroid resistance of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae)]. | an in vivo study of two synergists, that is, triphenil phosphate -specific esterase inhibitor- and ethacrynic acid -specific gluthation transferase inhibitor- was performed to determine if these enzymes were responsible for pyrethroid resistance of aedes aegypti. to this end, two insecticide resistant aedes aegypti strains were used, one strain selected with temephos by six selection generations (san-f6) and the other strain with delmamethrin by 12 selection generations (san-f12), being both str ... | 2014 | 23427458 |
| [insecticide resistance mechanisms of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from two peruvian provinces]. | insecticide resistance of aedes aegypti larvae and adults from two peruvian provinces, that is, trujillo and tumbes provinces, was conducted. high infestation indexes and extensive use of insecticides based on the vector surveillance and control strategy of the ministry of public health prevailed in these places. larval bioassays revealed susceptibility to organophosphorate insecticide called malathion in trujillo strain, it being moderate to fention and fenitrotion and high to chlorpyriphos and ... | 2014 | 23427457 |
| [comprehensive surveillance system for dengue prevention]. | a comprehensive ecosystem approach-based surveillance system was designed and implemented for dengue prevention in cotorro municipality at the city of havana. cuba, geographically situated near those countries with high dengue incidence, and having a preventive approach as a premise of its public healthcare system, has to adopt measures to prevent new dengue epidemics. the environmental, entomological and clinical/epidemiological elements of the surveillance system were integrated and combined w ... | 2016 | 23427456 |
| genetic variability of aedes aegypti in the americas using a mitochondrial gene: evidence of multiple introductions. | to analyze the genetic relatedness and phylogeographic structure of aedes aegypti, we collected samples from 36 localities throughout the americas (brazil, peru, venezuela, guatemala, us), three from africa (guinea, senegal, uganda), and three from asia (singapore, cambodia, tahiti). amplification and sequencing of a fragment of the mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4 gene identified 20 distinct haplotypes, of which 14 are exclusive to the americas, four to african/asian countries, one is ... | 2007 | 17710301 |
| spinosad, a naturally derived insecticide, for control of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): efficacy, persistence, and elicited oviposition response. | the naturally derived insecticide spinosad is a reduced-risk material that is neurotoxic to diptera. the 24-h 50% lethal concentration by laboratory bioassay in third instars of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) (rockefeller strain) was estimated at 0.026 ppm. two identical field trials were performed in an urban cemetery in southern mexico during the dry and wet seasons. water containers treated with 1 or 5 ppm spinosad suspension concentrate (tracer, dow agrosciences) were as effective i ... | 2007 | 17695018 |
| age-related changes in female mosquito carbon dioxide detection. | mosquitoes rely on carbon dioxide (co2) as a primary component in host-seeking behavior. co2 is detected by specialized receptor neurons in basiconic sensilla located on the maxillary palps of the mosquito. the sensitivity and specificity of these sensors can be studied using single-cell electrophysiological methods. such electrophysiological data reveal that certain aspects of the sensitivity of these sensors change during the maturation of adult female aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). ... | 2007 | 17695016 |
| transepithelial transport of salicylate by the malpighian tubules of insects from different orders. | the organic anion salicylate is a plant secondary metabolite that protects plants against phytophagous insects. in this study, a combination of salicylate-selective microelectrodes and a radioisotope tracer technique was used to study the transepithelial transport of salicylate by the malpighian tubules of 10 species of insects from five orders. our results show that salicylate is transported into the lumen of the malpighian tubules in all the species evaluated, except rhodnius prolixus. the tra ... | 2007 | 17640663 |
| predator avoidance behavior of aedes aegypti mosquito larvae infected with mermithid nematodes (nematoda: mermithidae). | | 2007 | 17633436 |
| a photoaffinity, non-steroidal, ecdysone agonist, bisacylhydrazine compound, rh-131039: characterization of binding and functional activity. | in this paper we describe the synthesis, ligand-binding and functional activity characteristics of the photoaffinity, non-steroidal, ecdysone agonist, bisacylhydrazine compound, 3-benzoyl-benzoic acid n-tert-butyl-n'-(2-ethyl-3-methoxy-benzoyl)-hydrazide (rh-131039). tritiated rh-131039 is the first non-steroidal photoaffinity compound that was shown to bind specifically to ecdysone receptors (ecrs) from insects belonging to the orders diptera and lepidoptera. the spruce budworm (choristoneura f ... | 2007 | 17628285 |
| oviposition, dispersal, and survival in aedes aegypti: implications for the efficacy of control strategies. | there is compelling evidence that aedes aegypti distributes small numbers of eggs among many sites, and that this "skip oviposition" is a driver for dispersal. the behavior is compatible with published results of mark-release-recapture studies, although many of these have been interpreted as evidence for limited dispersal. skip oviposition also extends the duration of the gonotrophic cycle, the key parameter in the use of parous rates to estimate physiologic age. in addition, contact with multip ... | 2007 | 17627447 |
| advances in mosquito allergy. | allergic reactions, including severe local and systemic reactions to mosquito bites, are immunological in nature, and involve immunoglobulin e, immunoglobulin g, and t-lymphocyte-mediated hypersensitivities in response to allergens in mosquito saliva. naturally acquired desensitization to mosquito saliva may occur during childhood or during long-term exposure to mosquitoes. due to the lack of availability of mosquito salivary preparations for use in skin tests and in-vitro tests, allergic reacti ... | 2007 | 17620829 |
| [efficacy of fish as predators of aedes aegypti larvae, under laboratory conditions]. | to evaluate the efficacy of fish as predators of the aedes aegypti larvae in laboratory conditions. | 2007 | 17589763 |
| ryanodane diterpenes from two erythroxylum species. | ryanodane diterpenes, named 14-o-methyl-ryanodanol and ryanodanol, were isolated from ripe fruit of erythroxylum passerinum. compound 2 was also found in the leaves of this species, while 1 was obtained from the leaves of e. nummularia. compound 1 showed insecticidal activity against aedes aegypti larvae. | 2007 | 17570446 |
| [specificity of the adultrap for capturing females of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae)]. | the adultrap is a new trap built for capturing females of aedes aegypti. tests were carried out to evaluate the specificity of this trap in comparison with the technique of aspiration of specimens in artificial shelters. adultraps were kept for 24 hours inside and outside 120 randomly selected homes in two districts of the city of foz do iguaçú, state of paraná. the statistical test was poissons log-linear model. the result was 726 mosquitoes captured, of which 80 were aedes aegypti. the adultra ... | 2007 | 17568892 |
| development of a novel sticky trap for container-breeding mosquitoes and evaluation of its sampling properties to monitor urban populations of aedes albopictus. | collection methods currently used for large-scale sampling of adult stegomyia mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) present several operational limitations, which constitute major drawbacks to the epidemiological surveillance of arboviruses, the evaluation of the impact of control strategies, and the surveillance of the spreading of allochthonous species into non-endemic regions. here, we describe a new sticky trap designed to capture adult container-breeding mosquitoes and to monitor their population ... | 2007 | 17550438 |
| comparative laboratory study on the reaction of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus to different attractive cues in a mosquito trap. | the behavioral responses of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) adults to several attractive cues, as reactions to mosquito traps, are compared in the laboratory, and differences in the primary attractive factors for both species are discussed. target-attacking frequency of unfed ae. aegypti females was >30 times that of unfed ae. albopictus females under simulated conditions. changes in the percentage of trapped mosquitoes under several attractive conditions using commercial mosquit ... | 2007 | 17547227 |
| synergism between cis-permethrin and benzoyl phenyl urea insect growth regulators against aedes aegypti larvae. | emulsifiable concentrate formulations of 2 insect growth regulator (igr) benzoyl ureas (novaluron and diflubenzuron) and the pyrethroid cis-permethrin were individually bioassayed against late 3rd- or early 4th-stage larvae of susceptible aedes aegypti. the emergence inhibition 50% were 0.038, 0.048, and 0.179 ppb for novaluron, diflubenzuron, and cis-permethrin, respectively. we also tested 1:1 (v:v) mixtures of cis-permethrin and benzoyl ureas. emergence inhibition 50% for novaluron plus cis-p ... | 2007 | 17536364 |
| the diel oviposition periodicity of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) in the laboratory: density disturbance. | the diel oviposition periodicities of the lshtm and trinidad strains of aedes aegypti were studied under laboratory conditions, using different mosquito densities in the cages and monitoring at 2-h intervals. with both strains, the peak in oviposition occurred earlier in the day when there was only one female in a test cage (16.00-18.00 hours) than when 25 or 500 females were held in a cage (18.00-20.00 hours). it therefore appears that the numbers of females in the cages can affect the diel ovi ... | 2007 | 17524250 |
| repellent activity of selected essential oils against aedes aegypti. | essential oils extracted from ten plant species were screened for repellency against aedes aegypti mosquitoes. three oils; zanthoxylum piperitum, anethum graveolens and kaempferia galanga, exerted protection against a. aegypti, with median complete-protection times of 1, 0.5 and 0.25 h, respectively. the protection times were increased significantly by incorporating 10% vanillin. the highest potential was established from z. piperitum oil +10% vanillin (2.5 h, range=1-2.5 h). mixtures from pairs ... | 2007 | 17512681 |
| a p38 map kinase regulates the expression of the aedes aegypti defensin gene in mosquito cells. | an aedes aegypti p38 (aap38) mitogen-activated protein kinase was isolated and characterized in this study. the 1761 bp long full-length aap38 cdna encodes an open reading frame of 358 amino acids, exhibiting characteristics of thr/tyr dual kinase specificities. we showed that bacteria activate both the kinase activity of aap38 and the expression of the aedes aegypti defensin a (aadefa) gene, which is inhibited by a p38 kinase inhibitor sb203580 and dsrna interference of aap38. a similar result ... | 2007 | 17466055 |
| the unique regulation of aedes aegypti larval cell ferritin by iron. | mosquitoes must blood feed in order to complete their life cycle. the blood meal provides a high level of iron that is required for egg development. we are interested in developing control strategies that interfere with this process. we report the temporal effects of iron exposure on iron metabolism of aedes aegypti larval cells. these cells take up iron in linear relationship to exposure time and distribute the iron primarily to the membranes. iron uptake increases cytoplasmic, membrane and sec ... | 2007 | 17456437 |
| [integrated strategy for dengue prevention and control in the region of the americas]. | during the last 22 years, the region of the americas has seen an upward trend in dengue incidence, with epidemics peaking ever higher and recurring every 3-5 years, almost regularly. a major factor in the spread of the disease has been the diminished capacity of national programs to respond with dengue prevention and control. this paper evaluates the integrated strategy for dengue prevention and control-approved by the 44th directing council of the pan american health organization in september 2 ... | 2007 | 17439693 |
| larvicidal activity of saponins from balanites aegyptiaca callus against aedes aegypti mosquito. | seeking an alternative approach for producing a larvicidal product from balanites aegyptiaca plants, callus was produced from in vitro cultures of root explants and its larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti mosquito larvae was evaluated. concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm of saponins from the root-derived callus of b. aegyptiaca were used to determine larvicidal effects and consequent effect on adult emergence. a dose-dependent effect was observed. in a chronic mortality a ... | 2008 | 17433667 |
| characterization of phosphatase and tensin homolog expression in the mosquito aedes aegypti: six splice variants with developmental and tissue specificity. | phosphatase and tensin homologue (pten), an inhibitor of insulin signalling, was characterized in aedes aegypti. surprisingly, six splice variants were identified: three with alternative terminal exons (aaegpten2 : 3 : 6) and three formed by intron retention (aaegpten1 : 4 : 5). all variants encoded active phosphatase domains. variants with alternative terminal exons also encoded c2 and cooh-domains, and aaegpten6 encoded a pdz binding motif. these three variants also had unique expression patte ... | 2007 | 17433073 |
| identification of two sterol carrier protein-2 like genes in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | two genes encoding sterol carrier protein-2 like proteins are identified from fourth instar cdnas of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. the predicted aescp-2like1 (aescp-2l1) and aescp-2like2 (aescp-2l2) proteins are small, acidic and lacking the peroxisomal targeting sequence at the c-termini. purified recombinant aescp-2l1 and -2l2 bind to cholesterol with a kd of 5.4 x 10(-6) m and 2.6 x 10(-6) m, respectively. the kd values of aescp-2l1 and -2l2 to palmitic acid are 3.7 x 10(-7) m and ... | 2007 | 17433070 |
| structure-activity relationships of 33 piperidines as toxicants against female adults of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is the primary vector of both dengue and yellow fever. use of insecticides is one of the primary ways to control this medically important insect pest. however, few new insecticides have been developed for mosquito control in recent years. as a part of our collaborative effort to search for new insecticides to control mosquitoes, piperidine was used as base compound for further optimization. herein, we report the structure-activity relationships of 33 piper ... | 2007 | 17427695 |
| microsatellite isolation and linkage group identification in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. | microsatellites have proved to be very useful as genetic markers, as they seem to be ubiquitous and randomly distributed throughout most eukaryote genomes. however, our laboratories and others have determined that this paradigm does not necessarily apply to the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. we report the isolation and identification of microsatellite sequences from multiple genomic libraries for a. aegypti. we identified 6 single-copy simple microsatellites from 3 plasmid libraries enrich ... | 2010 | 17420178 |
| productivity of natural and artificial containers for aedes polynesiensis and aedes aegypti in four american samoan villages. | six mosquito species were identified in a survey of containers associated with 347 households in four villages in american samoa. aedes polynesiensis marks (diptera: culicidae) and aedes aegypti (l) were the most abundant species, representing 57% and 29% of the mosquitoes identified. culex quinquefasciatus (say), culex annulirostris (skuse), aedes oceanicus (belkin) and toxorhynchites amboinensis (doleschall) were also found. aedes aegypti and ae. polynesiensis showed distinct differences in th ... | 2007 | 17373943 |
| changing salinity induces alterations in hemolymph ion concentrations and na+ and cl- transport kinetics of the anal papillae in the larval mosquito, aedes aegypti. | mosquito larvae are found in diverse aquatic habitats ranging from freshwater to hypersaline water and must often deal with rapid changes in habitat salinity. we transferred larvae of aedes aegypti from freshwater to 30% seawater, or vice versa, and measured the time course of changes in their hemolymph ion concentrations, using ion-selective microelectrodes. we also reported the michaelis-menten kinetics of na(+) and cl(-) transport by the anal papillae for the first time using the scanning ion ... | 2007 | 17337711 |
| aromatic plant-derived essential oil: an alternative larvicide for mosquito control. | five aromatic plants, carum carvi (caraway), apium graveolens (celery), foeniculum vulgare (fennel), zanthoxylum limonella (mullilam) and curcuma zedoaria (zedoary) were selected for investigating larvicidal potential against mosquito vectors. two laboratory-reared mosquito species, anopheles dirus, the major malaria vector in thailand, and aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in urban areas, were used. all of the volatile oils exerted significant larvicidal acti ... | 2007 | 17337133 |
| efficacy of lagenidium giganteum metabolites on mosquito larvae with reference to nontarget organisms. | lagenidium giganteum is a water mold and an effective mosquito control agent with limited use due to poor survival and contamination during storage. invert extracellular metabolites of l. giganteum is easy to produce, long shelf life, and a potential candidate in tropical climates. this fungus was grown in pyg broth in the laboratory at 25 +/- 2 degrees c, and relative humidity was maintained at 75 +/- 5% for 15 +/- 2 days. filtration process of metabolites was done using whatman filter paper, c ... | 2007 | 17334944 |
| hemocytes ultrastructure of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes have an efficient defence system against infection. insect blood cells (hemocytes) play an essential role in defense against parasites and other pathogenic organisms that infect insects. we have identified by light and transmission electron microscopy six hemocytes cell types from the hemolymph of aedes aegypti. they were: prohemocytes (20%), adipohemocytes (29%), granulocytes (16%), plasmatocytes (27%), oenocytoids (7%) and thrombocytoids (0.9%). the prohemocytes were the smallest he ... | 2008 | 17329111 |
| laboratory bioefficacy of creek 1.0g (temephos) against aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (linnaeus) larvae. | the bioefficacy of a commercial formulation of temephos, creek against aedes aegypti larvae was studied in the laboratory. earthen jars were filled with 10 l tap water each. one g of temephos (creek) sand granule formulation was added into each earthen jar as recommended by the manufacturer. the final test concentration of creek was 1 mg a.i./l. one earthen jar was filled with 10 l tap water and served as a test control (untreated). thirty late 3(rd) or early 4(th) instar of lab-bred ae. aegypti ... | 2006 | 17322825 |
| efficacy of botanical extracts from callitris glaucophylla, against aedes aegypti and culex annulirostris mosquitoes. | using standard who methodology, this study investigated the susceptibility of 4(th) instar aedes aegypti (l) and culex annulirostris (skuse) larvae to three extracts from callitris glaucophylla (j. thompson & l. johnson) (1: steam distillation extract, 2: liquefied refrigerant gas extract, and 3: methanol reflux extract), lambda-cyhalothrin (a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide) and fenitrothion (an organophosphorous insecticide). cx. annulirostris was significantly more susceptible than ae. aegyp ... | 2006 | 17322820 |
| larvicidal effect of andiroba oil, carapa guianensis (meliaceae), against aedes aegypti. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the larvicidal effect of andiroba oil, carapa guyanensis, against 2 strains of aedes aegypti. after 8 h after exposure to oil, the lethal concentration (lc)90 and lc95 values for the gcz (temephos-resistant) strain larvae were 80 and 86 ppm (1st instars), 98 and 106 (2nd instars), 166 and 182 (3rd instars), and 192 and 202 ppm (4th instars), respectively. thelc90 and lc95 values for the rockefeller strain larvae were 164 and 182 ppm (1st instars), 212 and 224 ... | 2006 | 17304939 |
| optimizing ovitrap use for aedes aegypti in cairns, queensland, australia: effects of some abiotic factors on field efficacy. | insecticide-treated lethal ovitraps are used for control of the dengue vector aedes aegypti in north queensland, australia. in an effort to optimize their use, the influence of deployment height, premise shading, and protection from wind on trap efficacy was assessed in field experiments. sticky ovitraps were used as a proxy for lethal ovitraps because they provide a direct measure of adult visitation rates. sticky ovitraps deployed at ground level for 1 wk captured significantly more female ae. ... | 2006 | 17304930 |
| a biological test to quantify pyrethroid in impregnated nets. | first instar larvae of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) are very susceptible to deltamethrin, which kills all larvae at a very low dose (0.1 microg/l). thus the sensitivity of this insect to detect that pyrethroid is in parts per billion, as obtained with most common chromatographic methods of analysis. here we describe a biological test (bt) to quantify deltamethrin in long-lasting insecticidal nets (llins) by exposing first instar larvae of ae. aegypti to serial extracted insecticide so ... | 2007 | 17300632 |
| larval feeding duration affects ecdysteroid levels and nutritional reserves regulating pupal commitment in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | what little is known about the endocrine regulation of mosquito development suggests that models based on lepidoptera and drosophila may not apply. we report on basic parameters of larval development and the commitment to metamorphosis in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti that are affected by varying the length of feeding time for last instar larvae. a critical mass for pupal commitment was achieved after 24 h of feeding by last instars, also the age at which tissue production and hemolymp ... | 2007 | 17297145 |
| spatial and temporal patterns in the recovery of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations after insecticide treatment. | given that tools for dengue emergency control are limited, continuous evaluation of the effectiveness of insecticide applications in the field is of utmost importance. such studies will provide a sound basis for defining spraying schemes for public health authorities in dengue-affected countries. in this article, we address the following research questions: how do different space spraying strategies affect aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) populations in both space and time? more specifica ... | 2007 | 17294922 |
| comparison of the morphology of oocysts and the phylogenetic analysis of four ascogregarina species (eugregarinidae: lecudinidae) as inferred from small subunit ribosomal dna sequences. | this study on the ultrastructure of the oocysts of four isolated species of ascogregarina (a. taiwanensis (lien and levine) (eugregarinidae: lecudinidae) from aedes albopictus (skuse), a. culicis (ross) (eugregarinidae: lecudinidae) from aedes aegypti (l.), a. armigerei (eugregarinidae: lecudinidae) from armigeres subalbatus (coquillet), and ascogregarina sp. (eugregarinidae: lecudinidae) from ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus (theobald)) using a scanning electron microscope revealed significant ... | 2007 | 17291827 |
| isolation and characterization of the rangap gene in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | a duplicated 3'-truncated version of rangap was previously identified as segregation distorter (sd), the meiotic drive gene in drosophila melanogaster. here we report the cloning and characterization of the complete gene sequence for the rangap homolog from the mosquito aedes aegypti. the 1995 bp cdna sequence consists of a 113 bp 5' utr and 130 bp 3' utr, and encodes a 583 amino acid protein with high sequence identity with rangap homologues of several species. a 20,125 bp genomic dna sequence ... | 2006 | 17286051 |
| regulated expression of microinjected dna in adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | we have developed a novel molecular genetic approach to investigating gene regulation in adult mosquitoes called whole body transfection (wbt). this dna microinjection method allows for both constitutive and regulated expression of plasmid vectors in the fat body and midgut of adult mosquitoes within 24 h of injection. using a luciferase reporter gene containing the aedes aegypti heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) promoter, we optimized the wbt protocol at various times post-injection and used these ... | 2007 | 17257211 |
| testis-specific expression of the beta2 tubulin promoter of aedes aegypti and its application as a genetic sex-separation marker. | sex-specific expression of transgenes in pest insects enables novel genetic control strategies, based either on genetic sexing or the spread of transgenes through the germ-line, to be developed and then tested for implementation. we describe the isolation of the beta tubulin genes from the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, and the identification of the particular beta2 tubulin gene which has expression confined to the testes. we demonstrate that the beta2 tubulin promoter of ae. aegypti can ... | 2007 | 17257209 |
| parasitoid-induced behavioral alterations of aedes aegypti mosquito larvae infected with mermithid nematodes (nematoda: mermithidae). | a wide range of parasites are known to cause behavioral changes in their hosts and parasitized insects are especially amenable to the study of such changes. the majority of studies addressing parasite-induced behavioral alterations have focused on parasites with complex life cycles and the adaptive nature of such changes. behavioral changes caused by parasitoids, single-host parasites that kill their host upon emergence, have been studied less and the adaptive nature of these changes is likely t ... | 2006 | 17249352 |
| [risk factors of pupal infestation with community-based aedes aegypti in a municipality of havana city]. | the risk factors of pupal infestation with community-based aedes aegypti were identified in four areas of playa municipality, located in the urban zone of havana city the deposits with the highest positivity to the vector were the artificial ones and the low tanks. it was confirmed that 99.03% of the sites visited contained at least one deposit with water, and that 4 areas presented a very similar behaviour in ratio of tanks per site, since in all of them the water was supplied every other day. ... | 2013 | 23427418 |
| [levels of susceptibility of an aedes aegyptistrain from santiago de cuba to lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, and chlorpyrifos]. | the level of susceptibility and/or resistance in larvae and adults of an aedes aegypti strain (l.) collected in santiago de cuba to lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, and cypermethrin. was determined. the results showed that in the larval stage the strain under study was susceptible to lambda-cyhalothrin (rr90 = 2.1) chlorpyirifos (rr90 = 1.3), and cypermethrin (rr90 = 3.3), whereas in the adult stage, it was moderately resistant to lambdacyhalothrin (rr90 = 8.6) and cypermethrin (rr90 = 7.2), an ... | 2013 | 23427417 |
| larvicidal activity of bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate from sterculia guttata seeds against two mosquito species. | the larvicidal activities of various fractions of the hexane extract of the seeds of sterculia guttata against larvae of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus were determined. bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate (1) was identified as one of the active principles, displaying chronic toxicity against both types of larvae, with ld50 values of 79 and 64 ppm, respectively. | 2006 | 17193215 |
| larvicidal activity of acacia nilotica extracts and isolation of d-pinitol--a bioactive carbohydrate. | a low-molecular-weight, sugar-like compound other than glucose, fructose, sucrose, or myo-inositol showing lipophilic nature was isolated from the etoh extract of acacia nilotica. the structure of the compound was determined by spectral methods. this alicyclic polyalcohol was found to be d-pinitol (= 3-o-methyl-d-chiro-inositol; 1). the configuration of the compound was confirmed by single-crystal x-ray analysis. the compound 1 is known from soybean, australian mangroves, fagonia indica, arachis ... | 2005 | 17192011 |
| caffeine effect on mortality and oviposition in successive generations of aedes aegypti. | previous experiments showed that caffeine blocks the development of aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae) in the larval stage, consequently inhibiting the production of adults. this study aimed at obtaining data suggestive of caffeine resistance by these mosquitoes. | 2006 | 17173171 |
| xanthones from garcinia mangostana (guttiferae). | studies on the stem of garcinia mangostana have led to the isolation of one new xanthone mangosharin (1) (2,6-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone) and six other prenylated xanthones, alpha-mangostin (2), beta-mangostin (3), garcinone d (4), 1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone (5), mangostanol (6) and 5,9-dihydroxy-8- methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2h,6h-pyrano-[3,2-b]-xanthene-6-one (7). the structures of these compounds were determined by spe ... | 2006 | 17127660 |
| modulation of larval nutrition affects midgut neutral lipid storage and temporal pattern of transcription factor expression during mosquito metamorphosis. | during holometabolous insect development the critical weight marks a physiological transition after which juvenile hormone (jh) concentration decreases to such a level that a subsequent increase in ecdysone titer will initiate metamorphosis. starvation experiments indicate that the aedes aegypti critical weight is achieved by 24 h after the last larval-larval molt. when grown at 24 degrees c with excess food, the time between the critical weight and maximum weight (interval to cessation of growt ... | 2007 | 17123540 |
| effect of stalk and leaf extracts from euphorbiaceae species on aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae) larvae. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oil aqueous solutions (hydrolates) obtained by steam distillation of stalks and leaves of croton argyrophylloides, croton nepetaefolius, croton sonderianus and croton zehntneri against aedes aegypti larvae. twenty-five larvae of third instar were placed in plastic beckers, containing the hydrolates (50 ml), in a four repetitions scheme. water was used as control and the number of dead larvae was counted after 24 hou ... | 2006 | 17119677 |
| p-type na+/k+-atpase and v-type h+-atpase expression patterns in the osmoregulatory organs of larval and adult mosquito aedes aegypti. | this study describes the expression patterns of p-type na(+)/k(+)-atpase and v-type h(+)-atpase in the larval and adult forms of the mosquito aedes aegypti and provides insight into their relative importance in ion transport function of key osmoregulatory organs. rt-pcr assays indicate that, at the level of the gene, both atpases are expressed in all of the osmoregulatory tissues of larvae (midgut, malpighian tubules, rectum and anal papillae) and adults (stomach, malpighian tubules, anterior hi ... | 2006 | 17114398 |
| larvicidal efficacy and biological stability of a botanical natural product, zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules, against aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae). | chemical analysis on curcuma zedoaria rhizome volatile oil, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer techniques, demonstrated the presence of beta-tumerone (19.88%), 1,8-cineole (8.93%), and 7-zingiberene (7.84%) as major constituents. larvicidal efficacy against aedes aegypti mosquitoes of zedoary oil and its formulated preparation, zedoary oil-impregnated sand granules, were investigated and compared with that of abate(r)sand (temephos). zedoary oil exhibited pronounced potential against the ... | 2007 | 17096143 |
| stage- and cell-specific expression of ecdysone receptors and ecdysone-induced transcription factors during midgut remodeling in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | in insects, especially in mosquitoes that are adult blood feeders, midgut remodeling is an important event during metamorphosis. it involves two processes viz., programmed cell death (pcd) of larval cells, and proliferation and differentiation of imaginal cells to form pupal/adult midgut. these processes are regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) and juvenile hormone (jh), but the signaling mechanisms, which trigger specific changes remain poorly understood. here, we report stage- and cell-specif ... | 2007 | 17074360 |