| relative efficacy of repellent-treated wristbands against three major mosquito (diptera: culicidae) vectors of disease, under laboratory conditions. | a laboratory study was carried out to evaluate the relative efficacy of n-n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet)- and n,n-diethyl phenylacetamide (depa)-treated wristbands against three major vector mosquitoes viz., anopheles stephensi liston, culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti (l.), at two different concentrations viz., 1.5 and 2.0 mg/cm(2). overall, both deet and depa have shown various degrees of repellency impact against all three vector mosquitoes. deet offered the highest 317.0 min mean co ... | 2009 | 24036563 |
| circadian expression of clock genes in two mosquito disease vectors: cry2 is different. | different mosquito species show a full range of activity patterns, including diurnal, crepuscular, and nocturnal behaviors. although activity and blood-feeding rhythms are controlled by the circadian clock, it is not yet known whether such species-specific differences in behavior are controlled directly by core clock genes or instead reflect differences in how the information of the central clock is translated into output signals. the authors have analyzed the circadian expression of clock genes ... | 2009 | 19926804 |
| repellency of essential oils of cryptomeria japonica (pinaceae) against adults of the mosquitoes aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera:culicidae). | the purpose of this study was to investigate the repellent activities of essential oils from cryptomeria japonica (sugi) against adults of mosquitoes aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus . comparison of essential oils from four different plant parts of c. japonica revealed that essential oil from its leaf exhibited the best repellent activity against mosquitoes. to understand the relationship between volatile organic compounds and repellent activity, the solid-phase microextraction (spme) method w ... | 2009 | 19902948 |
| surveillance of aedes mosquitoes in a university campus in kuala lumpur, malaysia. | ovitrap surveillance was initiated for eight continuous weeks to determine the distribution and abundance of aedes sp. mosquitoes in the university of malaya campus, kuala lumpur, and the impact of meteorological conditions on the aedes populations. two study areas within the campus were selected: varsity lake and seventh residential college. the abundance of aedes populations in varsity lake was indicated by ovitrap index (oi) which ranged from 60.00%-90.00%. the mean number of larvae per ovitr ... | 2009 | 19901907 |
| diminished reproductive fitness associated with the deltamethrin resistance in an indian strain of dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti l. | the susceptible (ss) and resistant (dlr) strains of aedes aegypti selected with deltamethrin and combination of deltamethrin and pbo (1:5) at the larval/adult stage were studied in the laboratory for their reproductive fitness in terms of fecundity, hatchability and longevity of gonotrophic cycles. the dlr strains exhibited 73-88% reduction in the duration of gonotrophic cycles as compared to their ss counterparts. there was a considerable decrease in egg production and hatchability rates in the ... | 2009 | 19901902 |
| blood-feeding and immunogenic aedes aegypti saliva proteins. | mosquito-transmitted pathogens pass through the insect's midgut (mg) and salivary gland (sg). what occurs in these organs in response to a blood meal is poorly understood, but identifying the physiological differences between sugar-fed and blood-fed (bf) mosquitoes could shed light on factors important in pathogens transmission. we compared differential protein expression in the mgs and sgs of female aedes aegypti mosquitoes after a sugar- or blood-based diet. no difference was observed in the m ... | 2010 | 19882664 |
| effects of serotonergic agents on survival and hemolymph composition of the larval mosquito aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae, l.) in vivo: does serotonin regulate hemolymph acid-base homeostasis? | the role of serotonin in the regulation of larval aedes aegypti hemolymph composition was investigated in vivo using two reuptake inhibitors (ssris), alaproclate hcl and 6-nitroquipazine maleate, and the receptor antagonist methiothepin mesylate. larvae were placed in media differing in ph and salinity in the presence and absence of serotonergic agents. the toxicity of each agent was strongly influenced by ambient ph. for each agent, toxicity was negligible in acidic media, intermediate in neutr ... | 2009 | 19880735 |
| larvicidal effects of the major essential oil of pittosporum tobira against aedes aegypti (l.). | essential oil obtained from the leaves of pittosporum tobira was extracted and its chemical composition and larvicidal effects were studied. analyses were conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (gc-ms) to determine the primary constituents of the essential oil of p. tobira. the yield of p. tobira essential oil (pteo) was 0.1%, and gc-ms analysis identified its major constituents as undecane (31.11%), 4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene (11.34%), (1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl)benzene (5.45%), and l- ... | 2010 | 19874194 |
| environmental factors affecting efficacy of bifenthrin-treated vegetation for mosquito control. | the use of pesticide-treated vegetation as a barrier for control of nuisance and disease-bearing mosquitoes has become an option for mosquito management for home owners and public health and mosquito control professionals. potted wax myrtle and azalea plants were treated with bifenthrin (0.79% ai) at maximum label rate using backpack and electrostatic sprayers and exposed to various treatments that could affect the residual degradation of the applied pesticides. treatments included leaf aspect, ... | 2009 | 19852225 |
| abundant nuclear copies of mitochondrial origin (numts) in the aedes aegypti genome. | a portion of the aedes aegypti mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4 gene (nd4) was amplified using pcr with a 42 degrees c annealing temperature. amplified fragments from individual mosquitoes were similar to nd4 but contained multiple segregating sites. we suspected that nuclear copies of mitochondrial origin (numts) exist in the ae. aegypti genome. a blastn search in vectorbase with the entire ae. aegypti mitochondrial genome identified 233 numts comprising 110 178 bp in 145 supercontigs ... | 2009 | 19849722 |
| acute tubular necrosis associated with non-hemorrhagic dengue fever: a case report. | dengue fever (df) is an arthropod-born viral infection affecting humans. dengue viruses are transmitted through the bites of the mosquito aedes aegypti. acute renal failure (arf) is reported in patients who are affected mainly with dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf), which is a severe presentation of the disease. we report the case of a 24-year-old omani female with no past history of particular medical problems. she was referred to our hospital for the further management of acute renal failure. she ... | 2009 | 19814641 |
| larvicidal & emergence inhibitory activities of neemazal t/s 1.2 per cent ec against vectors of malaria, filariasis & dengue. | vector control, using agents of chemical origin, continues to be practiced in the control of vector borne diseases. however, due to some drawbacks including lack of selectivity, environmental contamination, and emergence and spread of vector resistance, development of natural products for vector control has been a priority in this area. in the present study we evaluated the larvicidal and emergence inhibitory activities of a neem based formulation neem azal t/s 1.2 per cent ec against the vector ... | 2009 | 19797810 |
| multi-modal aedes aegypti mosquito reduction interventions and dengue fever prevention. | to systematically review the effectiveness of biological, chemical and educational dengue fever prevention programs on the reduction of entomologic indicators. | 2009 | 19788717 |
| chemical variation in piper aduncum and biological properties of its dillapiole-rich essential oil. | the essential oils of the specimens of piper aduncum that occur in deforested areas of brazilian amazon, north brazil, are rich in dillapiole (35-90%), a derivative of phenylpropene, to which are attributed biological properties. on the other hand, the oils of the specimens with occurrence in the atlantic forest, and northeastern and southeastern brazil, do not contain dillapiole, but only terpene compounds such as (e)-nerolidol and linalool. one specimen existing in the amazon was hydrodistille ... | 2009 | 19774604 |
| [genetic variability in aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) populations using rapd markers]. | aedes aegypti (l.) is an important vector of diseases such as the yellow fever and dengue, present in tropical and subtropical regions. the objective of this study was to analyze the genetic variability of different a. aegypti populations using rapd (random amplified polymorphic dna) markers as a basic study to support the use of biocontrol strategies. dna of ten collected larvae from three different populations were analyzed using ten rapd primers. the results indicated the existence of genetic ... | 2009 | 19768277 |
| reduced oviposition of aedes aegypti gravid females in domestic containers with predatory fish. | the presence of pathogens or predators in water may alter oviposition behaviour of gravid female aedes aegypti mosquitoes. we evaluated the oviposition behaviour of a. aegypti in recipients containing larvivorous fish (betta splendens and poecilia reticulata). in four breeders, fish specimens were placed in 15 l of dechlorined water. four control breeders only contained dechlorined water. breeders with eucatex ovitraps and approximately 100 male and female mosquitoes were placed in wire netting ... | 2009 | 19754521 |
| characterization of alternatively spliced transcripts encoding heat shock transcription factor in cultured cells of the cabbage armyworm, mamestra brassicae. | a gene encoding heat shock transcription factor (hsf) was cloned and sequenced from cultured cells of the cabbage armyworm, mamestra brassicae. the cdna potentially encoded a 699-aa protein, with a calculated molecular weight of 77.8 kda. deduced amino acid identities to hsfs from aedes aegypti and drosophila melanogaster were 36 and 34%, respectively. analysis of the genomic dna revealed eight exons and three optional exons: a, b, and c. exon a contained a premature in-frame stop codon that wou ... | 2010 | 19750550 |
| effect of moringa oleifera lectin on development and mortality of aedes aegypti larvae. | aedes aegypti larvae have developed tolerance to many insecticides used for mosquito control. moringa oleifera seeds contain a water-soluble lectin (wsmol) and this paper reports the effect of m. oleifera seed extracts (moe(1-15)) and wsmol on development and survival of a. aegypti larvae. wsmol peptide from in-gel trypsin digestion is also described. moe(1-15) showed hemagglutinating activity and wsmol had similarity with flocculating proteins from m. oleifera seeds. moe(1) and moe(3) delayed l ... | 2009 | 19747711 |
| optimal control of aedes aegypti mosquitoes by the sterile insect technique and insecticide. | we present a mathematical model to describe the dynamics of mosquito population when sterile male mosquitoes (produced by irradiation) are introduced as a biological control, besides the application of insecticide. in order to analyze the minimal effort to reduce the fertile female mosquitoes, we search for the optimal control considering the cost of insecticide application, the cost of the production of irradiated mosquitoes and their delivery as well as the social cost (proportional to the num ... | 2010 | 19735668 |
| screening of some semi-arid region plants for larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | | 2009 | 19724091 |
| laboratory evaluation of a juvenile hormone mimic, pyriproxyfen on culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti linn. at mysore, india. | insect growth regulator (igr), pyriproxyfen is a juvenile hormone analogue used in stored product insect pest and vector control programmes. it can be considered as an alternative source to conventional insecticides because of its specific activity against immature insects, low persistence in the environment and virtually nontoxic to mammals. so, in our laboratory the effect of pyriproxyfen was evaluated against the late 3rd instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti to study the ... | 2009 | 22010483 |
| laboratory studies on mosquito larvicidal efficacy of aqueous & hexane extracts of dried fruit of solanum nigrum linn. | aqueous and organic solvent extracts of plants/plant parts were effective in killing the mosquito larvae. comparative efficacy of the aqueous and hexane extracts of dried fruit of solanum nigrum was tested against five laboratory colonized strains of mosquito species, namely anopheles culicifacies species a, an. culicifacies species c, an. stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti to assess the possibility for use of these extracts for their control. | 2009 | 19700805 |
| lippia javanica (burm f) spreng: its general constituents and bioactivity on mosquitoes. | mosquito repellent plants are used in the rural areas of zimbabwe despite the fact that very few of them have been biologically evaluated. leaves of the plant lippia javanica, were collected from mumurwi village, zimbabwe and evaluated for repellency against laboratory reared aedes aegypti mosquitoes. major plant compounds were identified using thin layer chromatography (tlc) and mass spectrometry (ms). fraction 'a' contained coumarins, flavonoids and essential oils and offered a protection time ... | 2009 | 19696732 |
| antimosquito activity of aqueous kernel extract of soapnut sapindus emarginatus: impact on various developmental stages of three vector mosquito species and nontarget aquatic insects. | aqueous (physiological saline) extracts of seed kernel from seven indigenous plants were initially screened for their antimosquito activity against eggs, larvae of all instars, and pupae of aedes aegypti. among various seed kernels tested, the soapnut sapindus emarginatus (sapindaceae) extract was found to exhibit, for the first time, a strong antimosquito activity as evident from its ability to inflict 100% mortality of all the developmental stages of a. aegypti. furthermore, the kernel extract ... | 2009 | 19655173 |
| toxicity comparison of eight repellents against four species of female mosquitoes. | the relative toxicities of 8 repellents (dmp, rutgers 612, deet, ir3535, picardin, pmd, ai3-35765, and ai3-37220) were evaluated by topical application against females of aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and an. albimanus. based on 24-h ld50 values, the most toxic repellent against all 4 mosquito species was ai3-37220, with values of 0.25, 0.20, 0.16, and 0.11 microg/mg for the listed 4 mosquito species, respectively. the least toxic of the 8 repellents tested wa ... | 2009 | 19653498 |
| quantitative structure-activity relationship of botanical sesquiterpenes: spatial and contact repellency to the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. | the plant terpenoids encompass a diversity of structures and have many functional roles in nature, including protection against pest arthropods. previous studies in this laboratory have identified naturally occurring sesquiterpenes contained in essential oils from two plants, amyris (amyris balsamifera) and siam-wood (fokienia hodginsii), that are significantly repellent to a spectrum of arthropod pests. in efforts to further examine the biological activity of this class of compounds 12 of these ... | 2009 | 19645502 |
| survival of larvivorous fish used for biological control of aedes aegypti larvae in domestic containers with different chlorine concentrations. | the two fish species betta splendens (regan) and poecilia reticulata (peters) are known predators of aedes aegypti (l., 1762) larvae. both species have been used for biological control in northeastern brazil. however, the feasibility of these fish for the control of ae. aegypti larvae in domestic containers may be limited by their survival in chlorinated water, as supplied by the public water system. we exposed fish to three different concentrations of chlorine: 1, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/liter. all b. ... | 2009 | 19645286 |
| permethrin induces overexpression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 in aedes aegypti. | using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr), the relative transcriptional levels of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 (co3) were studied in aedes aegypti in response to treatment with acetone, permethrin, and fipronil. the transcriptional levels of co3 were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in acetone-treated ae. aegypti compared with that in untreated samples. using ribosomal l24, heat shock protein (hsp), and actin as reference genes, relative transcription levels of co3 in acetone-treated ... | 2009 | 19645283 |
| the anterior midgut of larval yellow fever mosquitoes (aedes aegypti): effects of amino acids, dicarboxylic acids, and glucose on the transepithelial voltage and strong luminal alkalinization. | isolated anterior midguts of larval aedes aegypti were bathed in aerated mosquito saline containing serotonin (0.2 micromol l(-1)) and perfused with nacl (100 mmol l(-1)). the lumen negative transepithelial voltage (v(te)) was measured and luminal alkalinization was determined through the color change of luminal m-cresol purple from yellow to purple after luminal perfusion stops. addition of 10 mmol l(-1) amino acids (arginine, glutamine, histidine or proline) or dicarboxylic acids (malate or su ... | 2009 | 19637352 |
| production of oogonia and oospores of leptolegnia chapmanii seymour (straminipila: peronosporomycetes) in aedes aegypti (l.) larvae at different temperatures. | the aquatic oomycete fungus leptolegnia chapmanii seymour is pathogenic to mosquito larvae, but it has been little studied since it was first isolated. although studies have been performed on different biological isolates of l. chapmanii around the world, they were made on zoospores and a very little or even nothing is known about the sexual stage (oogonia and oospores), which allows l. chapmanii to remain in the environment when conditions are not favorable. the main objective of this study was ... | 2010 | 19603285 |
| thermal behaviour and biological activity against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) of permethrin and pyriproxyfen in a smoke-generating formulation. | the most common ways to control dengue vector aedes aegypti (l.) are larval source reduction in domestic habitats and ground application of small quantities of aerosol insecticide (ultralow volume). nevertheless, these actions have been shown repeatedly to be ineffective in controlling ae. aegypti populations. | 2009 | 19593766 |
| sensitivity of aedes aegypti adults (diptera: culicidae) to the vapors of eucalyptus essential oils. | vapors of essential oils extracted from various species of eucalyptus (e. gunnii, e. tereticornis, e. grandis, e. camaldulensis, e. dunnii, e. cinerea, e. saligna, e. sideroxylon, e. globulus ssp. globulus, e. globulus ssp. maidenii, e. viminalis and the hybrids e. grandisxe. tereticornis and e. grandisxe. camaldulensis) and their major components were found to be toxic to aedes aegypti adults, the yellow fever mosquito. an aliquot of each oil was placed in a cylindrical test chamber and the num ... | 2009 | 19592238 |
| do colour and surface area of ovitrap influence the oviposition behaviour of aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue and dhf? | a newly developed ovitrap made from a fiberglass tray (fgto) was compared with conventionally used black jar ovitrap (bjo) in field condition in terms of number of eggs received. the number of eggs laid in fgto was consistently higher than in bjo. the number of eggs collected in fgto was significantly higher and it was 5-94 times more than that of bjo (t =9.45; p<0.0001). this finding has implication in designing lethal ovitraps for the control of dengue vectors. | 2008 | 19579722 |
| evaluation of tribulus terrestris linn (zygophyllaceae) acetone extract for larvicidal and repellence activity against mosquito vectors. | acetone extracts of leaves and seeds from the tribulus terrestris (zygophyllaceae) were tested against mature and immature different mosquito vectors under laboratory condition. the extract showed strong larvicidal, properties 100 per cent mortality in the 3rd-instar larvae was observed in the bioassays with an. culicifacies giles species a, an. stephensi liston, culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti linn, against 200 ppm of the leaf acetone extract and 100 ppm seed acetone extract. the l ... | 2008 | 19579717 |
| mosquito larvicidal activities of extractives from black heartwood-type cryptomeria japonica. | the purpose of this study is to determine the larvicidal activities of ethanolic extracts from leaves, wood, and bark of black heartwood-type cryptomeria japonica against fourth-instar larvae of mosquitoes aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. among three ethanolic extracts from c. japonica, wood extract exhibited the best larvicidal activity against a. aegypti and a. albopictus with lc(50) values of 63.2 and 93.8 microg/ml, respectively. four major compounds, including ferruginol, epi-cubebol, cu ... | 2009 | 19575217 |
| simplified pupal surveys of aedes aegypti (l.) for entomologic surveillance and dengue control. | pupal surveys of aedes aegypti (l.) are useful indicators of risk for dengue transmission, although sample sizes for reliable estimations can be large. this study explores two methods for making pupal surveys more practical yet reliable and used data from 10 pupal surveys conducted in puerto rico during 2004-2008. the number of pupae per person for each sampling followed a negative binomial distribution, thus showing aggregation. one method found a common aggregation parameter (k) for the negati ... | 2009 | 19556574 |
| the effects of sustained release metofluthrin on the biting, movement, and mortality of aedes aegypti in a domestic setting. | the impact of a sustained release metofluthrin emanator and an allethrin-based mosquito coil on biting, movement and mortality of female aedes aegypti was assessed in an apartment. in the room in which the metofluthrin emanator was activated, mosquito biting counts were reduced to zero. metofluthrin also had a spillover effect, significantly (p < 0.001) reducing biting counts in a neighboring room 1, 4, and 24 hours after the emanator was activated when compared with either the coil or control ( ... | 2009 | 19556573 |
| susceptibility of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus larvae to gedunin-related limonoids. | the major non-azadirachtin limonoids such as gedunin (1), epoxyazadiradione (3), nimbocinol (4), and nimolicinol (5) from azadirachta indica a. juss ('neem') and their derivatives were evaluated for their toxic action against fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus say. gedunin exhibited 100% toxic action against both the mosquito larvae at 50 and 10 ppm. epoxyazadiradione and epoxynimolicinol also showed significant toxicities (> or =50%) against larvae of both mosqu ... | 2009 | 19551731 |
| a potential risk assessment of a dengue outbreak in north central texas, usa. (part 2 of 2): development of a practical prevention strategy. | in response to three dengue cases in north central texas in 2005, the authors assessed the potential risk of a dengue outbreak in dallas county in 2006. as a part of the assessment, habitat factors for dengue vector mosquitoes were quantified and associated with their abundances. in addition, percent population originated from endemic countries (hispanic origin in the census data) was associated with vector abundances and habitat factors of the vectors. percent population data were obtained from ... | 2009 | 19537645 |
| a potential risk assessment of a dengue outbreak in north central texas, usa. (part 1 of 2): abundance and temporal variation of dengue vectors. | in response to three imported dengue cases in north central texas as well as increased case numbers in texas and adjoining mexican states in 2005, the authors assessed the potential risk of a dengue outbreak in north central texas by investigating abundance and temporal variation of dengue vectors in 2006. dengue vector abundance was monitored from 54 sites in dallas county, texas, from june to november 2006, using oviposition traps. both dengue vectors--the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, ... | 2009 | 19537644 |
| identification of genes differentially expressed during heat shock treatment in aedes aegypti. | temperature is important for mosquito development and physiological response. several genes of heat shock protein (hsp) families are known to be expressed in mosquitoes and may be crucial in responding to stress induced by elevated temperature. suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) was used to identify target transcripts to heat shock treatment in female aedes aegypti. subtraction was performed in both directions enriching for cdnas differentially expressed between a non-heat shock control ... | 2009 | 19496418 |
| genetic structure among thai populations of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | thirty-one field populations of aedes aegypti (l.) were compared using isozyme starch gel electrophoresis to characterize genetic variation between populations. ae. aegypti were collected from seven provinces in thailand. thirty-one isozyme encoding loci, including 19 polymorphic loci, were characterized. only small levels of genetic differentiation were observed among the 31 district populations in the seven provinces. isolation by distance among populations from the seven provinces showed no c ... | 2009 | 20836804 |
| antioxidant and larvicidal activities of tephrosia egregia sandw against aedes aegypti. | the antioxidant and larvicidal activities of tephrosia egregia extracts and its major component, dehydrorotenone, were studied. high antioxidant activity was found for dehydrorotenone and methanol and ethyl acetate extracts from roots and stems, respectively. among the tested extracts, the hexane extract from stems showed potent larvicidal activity (lc50 12.88 +/- 0.64) while low activity was found for dehydrorotenone. | 2009 | 19475999 |
| variation of major limonoids in azadirachta indica fruits at different ripening stages and toxicity against aedes aegypti. | the azadirachtin, salannin, nimbin, deacetylnimbin, azadiradione and epoxyazadiradione contents were determined by hplc in the fractions prepared from the kernel of neem fruits (azadirachta indica) collected at different ripening stages. the fully mature fruit (yellow fruits) kernels contained the highest concentration of azadirachtin, nimbin and salannin, whereas the concentration of azadiradione (nc) and epoxyazadiradione (nl) was high in the unripe green berries. the toxicity of the fractions ... | 2009 | 19475987 |
| a laboratory investigation of the mosquito control potential of the monomolecular film aquatain mosquito formula against immature stages of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. | the mosquito larvicidal and pupicidal potential of the silicone-based monomolecular film aquatain mosquito formula (amf), was investigated in laboratory trials against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. larval and pupal mortality was investigated in separate trials. after 48 h of exposure, mean mortality of cx. quinquefasciatus 4th instars was 94.6%, significantly greater than the mean mortality rate of 33.6% for ae. aegypti. after 180 min of exposure, 100% mortality of pupae was recorded ... | 2009 | 19432076 |
| larvicidal activity of grandisin against aedes aegypti. | dengue is a tropical disease caused by an arbovirus transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. because no effective vaccine is available for the disease, the strategy for its prevention has focused on vector control by the use of natural insecticides. the aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of the lignan grandisin, a leaf extract from piper solmsianum, against ae. aegypti. | 2009 | 19432075 |
| impact of glyphosate and benzo[a]pyrene on the tolerance of mosquito larvae to chemical insecticides. role of detoxification genes in response to xenobiotics. | the effect of exposure of aedes aegypti larvae for 72h to sub-lethal concentrations of the herbicide glyphosate and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[a]pyrene on their subsequent tolerance to the chemical insecticides imidacloprid, permethrin and propoxur, detoxification enzyme activities and transcription of detoxification genes was investigated. bioassays revealed a significant increase in larval tolerance to imidacloprid and permethrin following exposure to benzo[a]pyrene and glyphosa ... | 2009 | 19419775 |
| toxicities of 31 volatile low molecular weight compounds against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. | this research studied 31 volatile compounds for indoor control of the medically important mosquitoes aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus say. only adult female mosquitoes were tested. the test compounds were from six families that included five heterobicyclics, eight formate esters, formic acid (a hydrolyzed metabolite of formate esters), eight acetate esters, four propionate esters, three butyrate esters, and two valerate esters. also, the organophosphate compound dichlorvos (ddvp) was ... | 2009 | 19351084 |
| effects of different pyrethroids on landing behavior of female aedes aegypti, anopheles quadrimaculatus, and culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes from three genera, aedes aegypti l., anopheles quadrimaculatus say, and culex quinquefasciatus say, were tested for facultative landing and resting behavior on pyrethroid-treated surfaces paired with adjacent untreated surfaces. the three pyrethroids tested were bifenthrin, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin. landing and resting behavior was video recorded and quantified using observer xt software. untreated control treatments were tested to show behavior in the absence of insectici ... | 2009 | 19351080 |
| embryonic development of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): influence of different constant temperatures. | despite its vector importance little attention is given to aedes aegypti embryonic development. in this study, temperature influence on time course of ae. aegypti larvae hatching and egg viability were evaluated. the dormancy state at the end of embryogenesis could be interrupted with a proper stimulus. temperatures tested ranged between 12-36 degrees c; the maximum temperature limit is 35 degrees c and the minimum one is below 12 degrees c. egg viability between 16-31 degrees c was above 80%. t ... | 2009 | 19274388 |
| effect of the chitin synthesis inhibitor triflumuron on the development, viability and reproduction of aedes aegypti. | the control of aedes aegypti is impaired due to the development of resistance to chemical insecticides. insect growth regulators (igr) exhibit distinct mechanisms of action and are considered potential vector control alternatives. studies regarding the effects of sublethal igr doses on the viability of resulting adults will contribute to eval-uating their impact in the field. we analyzed several aspects of ae. aegypti adults surviving exposure to a partially lethal dose of triflumuron, a chitin ... | 2009 | 19274375 |
| aedes aegypti immature forms distribution according to type of breeding site. | more than 2.5 billion people, in more than 100 countries, are estimated to live in risk areas for the transmission of dengue. we investigated the production of aedes aegypti immature forms in different types of containers. larvae and pupae presence were inspected in 747 containers in 300 dwellings in rio de janeiro state, brazil. the statistical significance of the differences of immature forms was calculated for different groups of recipients and classified according to the type of use, volume, ... | 2009 | 19270289 |
| factors associated with male mating success of the dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti. | we studied the effects of male aedes aegypti age, body size, and density on mating success under laboratory and field conditions. older males under field conditions transferred the greatest number of sperm to females (1,152 by 1-day-old males to 1,892 sperm by 10-day-old males). larger males inseminated females with more sperm than smaller ones. male age, female body size, and density also influenced male mating success. larger females successfully mated with males more often than smaller female ... | 2009 | 19270288 |
| excito-repellency properties of essential oils from melaleuca leucadendron l., litsea cubeba (lour.) persoon, and litsea salicifolia (nees) on aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes. | we compared the behavioral responses of aedes aegypti females to essential oils extracted from native plants melaleuca leucadendron (ml), litsea cubeba (lc), and litsea salicifolia (ls) by using an excito-repellency test chamber. mortality of ae. aegypti females following 24 h holding period post-contact and non-contact trials were observed. no mortality was seen in escaped mosquitoes after direct contact with essential oils ml and ls, and low mortality (2.3-20.4%) with lc. likewise, in all non- ... | 2008 | 19263850 |
| a novel method for measuring fructose ingestion by mosquitoes. | we adapted the seliwanoff method to quantify fructose in mosquitoes. this method showed a minimum detection limit of 2.4 microg of fructose, and was more reliable and nearly four times more sensitive than the anthrone test. the seliwanoffmethod was used to measure the maximum sugar intake by individual mosquitoes and to determine the digestion time of this nutrient by both aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in the laboratory. sugar intake by ae. albopictus was up to 1.7 times higher than that of ... | 2008 | 19263840 |
| biochemical characterization of deltamethrin resistance in a laboratory-selected strain of aedes aegypti. | a resistant strain (dr) of aedes aegypti, generated by deltamethrin selection for 20 consecutive generations from a laboratory susceptible strain (ds) was studied for the possible resistant mechanisms. the pyrethroid resistance developed was characterized by biochemical assays and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. significant elevation in the activity of alpha- and beta-esterases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd), cytp450 (cytp450), and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) were notic ... | 2009 | 19225809 |
| different transmission strategies of a parasite in male and female hosts. | we investigated whether a parasite with two routes of transmission responds to the different transmission opportunities offered by male and female hosts by using different transmission strategies in the two sexes. the parasite ascogregarina culicis, which infects the mosquito aedes aegypti, can be transmitted as its host's pupa transforms into an adult or when a female lays its eggs. as the latter transmission route is missing in males, we expected, and found, that the parasite releases a greate ... | 2009 | 19210596 |
| assessing the effects of temperature on dengue transmission. | the incidence of dengue infection, a vector-borne disease transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti, shows clear dependence on seasonal variation. based on the quantification method that furnishes the size of the a. aegypti population in terms of the estimated entomological parameters for different temperatures, we assessed the risk of dengue outbreaks. the persistence and severity of epidemics can be assessed by the basic reproduction number r(0), which varies with temperature. the expression f ... | 2009 | 19192323 |
| nuclear receptors in the mosquito aedes aegypti: annotation, hormonal regulation and expression profiling. | in anautogenous mosquitoes, egg development requires blood feeding and as a consequence mosquitoes act as vectors of numerous devastating diseases of humans and domestic animals. understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating mosquito egg development may contribute significantly to the development of novel vector-control strategies. previous studies have shown that in the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti, nuclear receptors (nrs) play a key role in the endocrine regulation of reproduction. ... | 2009 | 19183228 |
| evaluation of the inhibition of egg laying, larvicidal effects, and bloodfeeding success of aedes aegypti exposed to permethrin- and bifenthrin-treated military tent fabric. | laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of treating military canvas tent fabric with bifenthrin and permethrin on the survival of the eggs and larvae of aedes aegypti. gravid female ae. aegypti were able to oviposit on tent canvas treated with either bifenthrin or permethrin. however, none of the eggs laid on treated canvas hatched, and no larvae added to water in treated trays survived. low residual concentrations of bifenthrin and permethrin on treated canvas prevented the de ... | 2008 | 19181073 |
| a novel amino acid substitution in a voltage-gated sodium channel is associated with knockdown resistance to permethrin in aedes aegypti. | to identify pertinent mutations associated with knockdown resistance to permethrin, the entire coding sequence of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene aa-para was sequenced and analyzed from a per-r strain with 190-fold resistance to permethrin and two susceptible strains of aedes aegypti. the longest transcript, a 6441bp open reading frame, encodes 2147 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular mass of 241kda. a total of 33 exons were found in the aa-para gene over 293kb of genomic dna. ... | 2009 | 19171193 |
| differential regulation of transferrin 1 and 2 in aedes aegypti. | available evidence has shown that transferrins are involved in iron metabolism, immunity and development in eukaryotic organisms including insects. here we characterize the gene and message expression profile of aedes aegypti transferrin 2 (aatf2) in response to iron, bacterial challenge and life stage. we show that aatf2 shares a low similarity with a. aegypti transferrin 1 (aatf1), but higher similarity with mammalian transferrins and avian ovotransferrin. iron-binding pocket analysis indicate ... | 2009 | 19166934 |
| leaf extracts of melia azedarach linnaeus (sapindales: meliaceae) act as larvicide against aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) (diptera: culicidae). | the objective of this study was to compare the larvicidal effect of hydroethanolic extracts of fresh and dry leaves of melia azedarach linnaeus (sapindales: meliaceae) on aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) (diptera: culicidae). all the extracts evaluated induced mortality among the third and fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti after 24 and 48 hours of exposure to the products. although previous studies had demonstrated the action of seeds and fruits of melia azedarach against the larvae of differe ... | 2009 | 19142432 |
| impact of insecticide interventions on the abundance and resistance profile of aedes aegypti. | insecticide-based vector control is the primary strategy for curtailing dengue transmission. we used a mathematical model of the seasonal population dynamics of the dengue mosquito vector, aedes aegypti, both to assess the effectiveness of insecticide interventions on reducing adult mosquito abundance and to predict evolutionary trajectories of insecticide resistance. we evaluated interventions that target larvae, adults, or both. we found that larval control and adult control using ultra-low-vo ... | 2009 | 19134235 |
| the effect of predatory fish exudates on the ovipostional behaviour of three mosquito species: culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti and culex tarsalis. | three mosquito species, culex tarsalis coquillett, culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae), were examined in laboratory binary choice experiments to investigate whether fish exudates from the mosquitofish, gambusia affinis (baird & girard) (cyprinodontiformes: poecilliidae), deter oviposition and whether the responses of these mosquito species to fish exudates in oviposition sites are consistent with the risk of predation from fish experienced by each species in thei ... | 2008 | 19120968 |
| characterization of eight single nucleotide polymorphism markers in aedes aegypti. | sequencing of part of seven genes from aedes aegypti collected in 16 brazilian cities revealed the existence of 53 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps), representing one snp every 52 base pairs. from these 53 snps, we selected eight that are independent and highly polymorphic. we describe the use of these markers for differentiation of brazilian populations of a. aegypti. these are the first snps developed for delineating population structure in a. aegypti, and will be a useful complement to e ... | 2009 | 21564575 |
| insecticidal activities of leaf and twig essential oils from clausena excavata against aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus larvae. | the current study investigates, for the first time, the mosquito larvicidal activities of leaf and twig essential oils from clausena excavata burm. f. and their individual constituents against aedes aegypti l. and aedes albopictus skuse larvae. the yields of essential oils obtained from hydrodistillation were compared, and their constituents were determined by gc-ms analyses. | 2009 | 19115256 |
| efficacy of 4-methyl-7-hydroxy coumarin derivatives against vectors aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. | 4-methyl-7-hydroxy coumarin is considered as a lead molecule as a biopesticide. its mono bromo and tribromo derivatives were synthesized. two more derivatives were synthesized by acylation. compound 1 (3,6,8-tribromo-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-chromen-2-one) was found to be the most potent against ivth instar larvae of c. quinquefasciatus and a. aegypti the lc50 being 1.49 and 2.23 ppm respectively. it showed 100% larval mortality at 25 ppm against a. aegypti and at 10 ppm against c. quinquefasciatus. c ... | 2008 | 19090351 |
| larvicidal and oviposition-altering activity of monoterpenoids, trans-anithole and rosemary oil to the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | aedes aegypti l. is the major vector of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. in an effort to find effective tools for control programs to reduce mosquito populations, the authors assessed the acute toxicities of 14 monoterpenoids, trans-anithole and the essential oil of rosemary against different larval stages of ae. aegypti. the potential for piperonyl butoxide (pbo) to act as a synergist for these compounds to increase larvicidal activity was also examined, and the oviposition response o ... | 2009 | 19086001 |
| in-silico homology modeling of three isoforms of insect defensins from the dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti (linn., 1762). | dengue is a serious public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. it is caused by any of the four serologically distinct dengue viruses, namely denv1-4. the viruses are transmitted by aedes mosquitoes. understanding various defence mechanisms of insects has become a prime area of research worldwide. in insects, the first line of defence against invading pathogens includes cellular mechanisms and a battery of antimicrobial peptides such as defensins, cecropins etc. defensins--catio ... | 2009 | 19085024 |
| chemical composition, oviposition deterrent and larvicidal activities against aedes aegypti of essential oils from piper marginatum jacq. (piperaceae). | the essential oils of leaves, stems and inflorescences of piper marginatum, harvested in the atlantic forest in the state of pernambuco, brazil, were obtained by hydrodistillation. gc and gc-ms analyses revealed the presence of 40 components accounting, respectively, for 99.6%, 99.7% and 99.1% of the leaf, stem and inflorescence oil, the most abundant being (z)- or (e)-asarone and patchouli alcohol. the essential oil of the inflorescences exhibited potent activity against the 4th instar of aedes ... | 2009 | 19070480 |
| semi-synthetic ecdysteroids as gene-switch actuators: synthesis, structure-activity relationships, and prospective adme properties. | the ligand-inducible, ecdysteroid receptor (ecr) gene-expression system can add critical control features to protein expression in cell and gene therapy. however, potent natural ecdysteroids possess absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (adme) properties that have not been optimised for use as gene-switch actuators in vivo. herein we report the first systematic synthetic exploration of ecdysteroids toward modulation of gene-switch potency. twenty-three semi-synthetic o-alkyl ecdyste ... | 2009 | 19065574 |
| rapid estimation of aedes aegypti population size using simulation modeling, with a novel approach to calibration and field validation. | new approaches for control of the dengue vector aedes aegypti (l.) are being developed, including the potential introduction of life-shortening symbiont bacteria into field populations and the release of transgenic strains with reduced vector competency. with these new approaches comes the need for rapid estimations of existing field population size. here, we describe the use of simulation modeling with container-inhabiting mosquito simulation (cimsim) for estimation of ae. aegypti pupal crop si ... | 2008 | 19058645 |
| structural changes in fat body of aedes aegypti caused by aging and blood feeding. | the fat body is the intermediary metabolism organ of insects and the main source of hemolymph components. in the current study, the microanatomy of aedes aegypti (l., 1762) fat body was studied through scanning electron microscopy to observe the effects of blood feeding and aging. three groups of female mosquitoes were used: newly emerged females, 18-d-old sugar-fed females, and 18-d-old blood-fed females. in ae. aegypti, the fat body is located beneath the integument, and it is subdivided into ... | 2008 | 19058635 |
| developmental and environmental regulation of aaeiap1 transcript in aedes aegypti. | apoptosis (programmed cell death) is a tightly regulated physiological process. the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (iaps) are key regulators for apoptosis. an inhibitor of apoptosis protein gene iap1 was recently cloned from aedes aegypti (l.) (aaeiap1, genbank accession no. dq993355); however, it is not clear whether aaeiap1 is developmentally and environmentally regulated. in this study, we applied quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to investigate the expression levels of the aaeia ... | 2008 | 19058631 |
| rapid identification of aedes albopictus, aedes scutellaris, and aedes aegypti life stages using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. | in 2005, a widespread infestation of aedes albopictus was discovered in the torres strait, the region between northern australia and new guinea. to contain this species, an eradication program was implemented in 2006. however, the progress of this program is impeded by the difficulty of morphologically separating ae. albopictus larvae from the endemic species aedes scutellaris. in this study, three real-time taqman polymerase chain reaction assays that target the ribosomal internal transcribed s ... | 2008 | 19052295 |
| larvicidal activity of saraca indica, nyctanthes arbor-tristis, and clitoria ternatea extracts against three mosquito vector species. | screening of natural products for mosquito larvicidal activity against three major mosquito vectors aedes aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus, and anopheles stephensi resulted in the identification of three potential plant extracts viz., saraca indica/asoca, nyctanthes arbor-tristis, and clitoria ternatea for mosquito larval control. in the case of s. indica/asoca, the petroleum ether extract of the leaves and the chloroform extract of the bark were effective against the larvae of c. quinquefasciatu ... | 2009 | 19039604 |
| rapid identification of virus-carrying mosquitoes using reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | mosquitoes are critical vectors in many arboviral transmission cycles. considering the increasing incidence of arboviral infections throughout the world, monitoring of vector populations for the presence of an arbovirus could be considered an important initial step of risk assessment to humans and animals. in response to this need, increased efforts to develop rapid and reliable diagnostic techniques have been undertaken; a single-step reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification ... | 2009 | 19027038 |
| electroantennogram, flight orientation, and oviposition responses of aedes aegypti to the oviposition pheromone n-heneicosane. | oviposition pheromones specifically influence the females of many insects to lay eggs in the sites resulting in more egg deposition. a previous report describes the principal role of n-heneicosane (c(21)) identified and characterized from the larval cuticle of aedes aegypti (l.) in attracting the gravid mosquitoes to oviposit in treated substrates among other chemical components. however, the means by which this compound is perceived by the females for oviposition has not been reported. in this ... | 2009 | 19018567 |
| [effect of larval rearing water on aedes aegypti oviposition in the laboratory]. | to evaluate the influence of larval rearing water on aedes aegypti oviposition, four types of water were provided for gravid females. it was observed that more eggs were laid in the mixed larval rearing water (2,837) than in the aedes albopictus water (690) or control water (938), but that this number was similar to what was seen in the aedes aegypti water (2,361). | 2013 | 19009198 |
| [competition between aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus larvae in the laboratory]. | this study had the aim of evaluating the effects of intra and interspecies larval competition between aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, survival of larvae time taken to develop and wing length. the experiment was carried out with three densities and five proportions of the species. aedes aegypti survival was greater than aedes albopictus survival at intermediate density, while it was lower at high density. only the time taken for aedes albopictus to develop was affected. the differences found ... | 2015 | 19009190 |
| the allee effect in site choice behaviour of egg-laying dengue vector mosquitoes. | surveillance and control of the dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti, is commonly reliant on its egg-laying behaviour, which is affected by the presence of conspecific eggs. however, the influence of varying egg density and breeding site choice on ae. aegypti egg-laying strategy is unclear. in this laboratory study ae. aegypti demonstrated a strong oviposition preference for substrates with intermediate numbers of conspecific eggs, thus demonstrating an 'allee effect'. the withholding of some e ... | 2008 | 18948885 |
| the intestinal barrier in lepidopteran larvae: permeability of the peritrophic membrane and of the midgut epithelium to two biologically active peptides. | endogenous peptide regulators of insect physiology and development are presently being considered as potential biopesticides, but their efficacy by oral delivery cannot be easily anticipated because of the limited information on how the insect gut barrier handles these kind of molecules. we investigated, in bombyx mori larvae, the permeability properties of the two components of the intestinal barrier, the peritrophic membrane (pm) and the midgut epithelium, separately isolated and perfused in c ... | 2009 | 18948109 |
| space optimizing methods for laboratory rearing of aedes aegypti. | methods used to rear aedes aegypti larvae were modified to maximize production under limited space requirements. traditionally, 150 larvae were reared in 25 x 42 x 5-cm pans containing 1 liter of water. it was noticed, however, that the larvae congregated during development and did not utilize the entire rearing environment. two new rearing methods were investigated to partition larval populations within the rearing space and thus increase rearing efficiency. the 2 methods separated groups of 50 ... | 2008 | 18939704 |
| comparison of different uses of adult traps and ovitraps for assessing dengue vector infestation in endemic areas. | this report presents a set of field experiments designed to assess different protocols for the use of ovitrap and mosquitrap, a promising new trap for dengue vector monitoring. percentage of positive houses, calculated either by the use of 2 traps (outside + inside) or 1 trap (outside) per house, tended to increase with time of exposure, at similar rates. when the aim was either to obtain a qualitative index (aedes aegypti-positive site) or to determine percentage of positive houses in a selecte ... | 2008 | 18939690 |
| sialome individuality between aedes aegypti colonies. | aedes aegypti is responsible for the transmission of arboviruses. the yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya viruses are transmitted to the vertebrate host by injection of infected saliva during the blood meal of its vectors. saliva contains different components with various biochemical activities; anti-hemostatic, angiogenic, inflammatory, and immunomodulatory. this work compares the sialomes of three ae. aegypti colonies (rockefeller, paea, and formosus), where the repertoire of salivary protein ... | 2009 | 18847318 |
| sscp analysis of scndna for genetic profiling of aedes aegypti. | we characterized genetic profiling markers for aedes aegypti using single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis of single copy nuclear genes (scndna). nucleotide variations at 18 loci were evaluated in 173 wild ae. aegypti collected from a single population in northwestern thailand. we identified seven scndnas with polymorphisms sufficient to determine a unique genetic profile for each mosquito examined. six markers were derived from previously mapped cdna loci. one marker was develop ... | 2008 | 18840737 |
| larvicidal activity of neem and karanja oil cakes against mosquito vectors, culex quinquefasciatus (say), aedes aegypti (l.) and anopheles stephensi (l.). | larvicidal effect of neem (azadirachta indica) and karanja (pongamia glabra) oil cakes (individuals and combination) was studied against mosquito species. both the oil cakes showed larvicidal activity against the mosquito species tested. the combination of neem and karanja oil cakes in equal proportion proved to have better effect than the individual treatments. the combination of the two oil cakes recorded an lc95 of 0.93, 0.54 and 0.77% against the mosquitoes, culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aeg ... | 2008 | 18831329 |
| calibration and evaluation of field cage for oviposition study with aedes (stegomyia) aegypti female (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | differences among results gathered from insect behavior studies conducted in laboratory and field situations are due to ambient variables that differ greatly between both environments. in laboratory studies the environmental conditions can be controlled whereas in field temperature, humidity and air velocity vary uncontrollably. the objective of this study was to calibrate and evaluate an experimental area (field cage) (14 x 7 x 3.5 m) subdivided into eight test cages (2.5 x 2.5 x 2 m) for use i ... | 2016 | 18813752 |
| bioactivity of flavonoid compounds from poncirus trifoliata l. (family: rutaceae) against the dengue vector, aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | the bioactivity of four flavonoid compounds, namely poncirin, rhoifolin, naringin and marmesin, from poncirus trifoliata was studied against the aedes aegypti. larvicidal assays were conducted to evaluate the 24 h lc(50) and lc(90) values of the flavonoid compounds. the lethal concentration (lc(50) and lc(90)) values ranged from 0.082 to 0.122 mg/l and 0.152 to 0.223 mg/l, respectively. the result of ovicidal test suggests that the ovicidal activity of the flavonoid compounds was influenced by t ... | 2008 | 18810494 |
| mechanics of a mosquito bite with applications to microneedle design. | the mechanics of a fascicle insertion into the skin by a mosquito of the type aedes aegypti has been studied experimentally using high-speed video (hsv) imaging, and analytically using a mathematical model. the fascicle is a polymeric microneedle composed of a ductile material, chitin. it has been proposed that the mosquito applies a non-conservative follower force component in addition to the euler compressive load in order to prevent buckling and penetrate the skin. in addition, the protective ... | 2008 | 18779629 |
| potential control of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) with piper aduncum l. (piperaceae) extracts demonstrated by chromosomal biomarkers and toxic effects on interphase nuclei. | dillapiol, a phenylpropanoid isolate from essential oils of leaves of piper aduncum (piperaceae), has insecticidal, fungicidal and antimicrobial activities. the insecticidal activity of dillapiol was tested in vivo on the larvae and pupae of aedes aegypti, the mosquito vector of dengue. specifically, the effect of dillapiol on the formation of micronuclei and chromosome aberrations was analyzed. dillapiol treatments comprised two concentrations of 200 and 400 micro dissolved in well water, and a ... | 2008 | 18767246 |
| the first identified neuropeptide in the insect order megaloptera: a novel member of the adipokinetic hormone family in the alderfly sialis lutaria. | this is the first report on the structural identity of a neuropeptide of the insect order megaloptera. a peptide was isolated and sequenced from the retrocerebral corpora cardiaca glands of the alderfly, sialis lutaria. the sequence of the peptide was deduced from the multiple ms(n) electrospray mass data as that of an octapeptide: pglu-ile/leu-thr-phe-thr-pro-ser-trp amide. the ambiguity about the amino acid at position 2, leu or ile, was solved by comparing retention time on reversed-phase hpl ... | 2009 | 18755230 |
| larvicidal activity of ocimum sanctum linn. (labiatae) against aedes aegypti (l.) and culex quinquefasciatus (say). | the acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol leaf and flower extracts of ocimum sanctum were studied against fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus. the highest larval mortality was found in leaf extract of o. sanctum against the larvae of a. aegypti and c. quinquefasciatus. the lc50 values of o. sanctum against the larvae of a. aegypti were 425.94, 150.40, 350.78, 575.26, and 175.67 and against the larvae of c. quinquefasciatus were 592.60, 93.92, 212.3 ... | 2008 | 18704496 |
| studies on mosquito larvicidal properties of eucalyptus citriodora hook (family-myrtaceae). | hexane extract obtained from leaves of eucalyptus citriodora hook was tested against larvae of anopheles stephensi liston, culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti linn to assess its toxicity and growth inhibiting activity. the results showed better activity of hexane extract against larvae of an. stephensi liston as compared to the larvae of cx. quinquefasciatus say and ae. aegypti linn. the lc50 values against ivth instar larvae of three species were 69.86, 81.12 & 91.76 ppm respectively a ... | 2007 | 18697593 |
| mosquito larvicidal activity of oleic and linoleic acids isolated from citrullus colocynthis (linn.) schrad. | in mosquito control programs, botanical origin may have the potential to be used successfully as larvicides. the larvicidal activity of crude acetone, hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and petroleum ether extracts of the leaf of centella asiatica linn., datura metal linn., mukia scabrella arn., toddalia asiatica (linn.) lam, extracts of whole plant of citrullus colocynthis (linn.) schrad, and sphaeranthus indicus linn. were assayed for their toxicity against the early fourth instar larvae of cule ... | 2008 | 18688644 |
| do different species of smittium (harpellales, legeriomycetaceae) influence each other in the host gut? | smittium (harpellales, legeriomycetaceae) belongs to a cosmopolitan group of filamentous fungi (trichomycetes, zygomycota) that live as obligate commensals in the digestive tract of various marine, freshwater, and terrestrial arthropods. the outcome of the paired introductions of three species of smittium was investigated within the individual hosts of the mosquito aedes aegypti (culicidae: diptera). in the first set of experiments, the host was inoculated with a single species of smittium to de ... | 2008 | 18675348 |
| insecticidal activity of valeriana jatamansi (valerianaceae) against mosquitoes. | a root extract of valeriana jatamansi (code bal-o) exhibited larvicidal and adulticidal activity against different mosquito species. the median lethal concentration (lc50) of bal-o against larvae of anopheles stephensi, anopheles culicifacies, aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus were 68.1, 42.8, 51.2, 53.8, and 80.6 mg/liter, respectively. the lc50 and the 90% lethal concentration against adult an. stephensi, an. culicifacies, ae. aegypti, ae. albopictus, and cx. quinquef ... | 2008 | 18666542 |
| oviposition responses of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus to certain fatty acid esters. | laboratory studies were carried out to observe the oviposition responses of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) to several c21 fatty acid esters. the oviposition activity of these dengue and chikungunya vectors to the long-chain fatty acid esters of c21 length have not been reported earlier. from the multiple choice experiments on oviposition activity in standard mosquito cages, it was observed that compounds hexadecyl pentanoate, tetradecyl heptanoate and tridecyl octanoate presente ... | 2008 | 18661154 |
| diuretic hormone 44 receptor in malpighian tubules of the mosquito aedes aegypti: evidence for transcriptional regulation paralleling urination. | in the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.), the molecular endocrine mechanisms underlying rapid water elimination upon eclosion and blood feeding are not fully understood. the genome contains a single predicted diuretic hormone 44 (dh44) gene, but two dh44 receptor genes. the identity of the dh44 receptor(s) in the malpighian tubule is unknown in any mosquito species. we show that vectorbase gene id aael008292 encodes the dh44 receptor (gprdih1) most highly expressed in malpighian tubules. sequence anal ... | 2008 | 18651923 |