| severe oral manifestation of dengue viral infection: a rare clinical description. | dengue infection is one of the most common mosquito-borne viral diseases of humans worldwide, representing a significant public health problem in over 100 tropical countries where its primary vector aedes aegypti occurs. although the disease is frequently limited to an abrupt febrile illness, it may also cause significant morbidity and if not adequately treated, mortality. therefore, it requires a correct and early diagnosis. oral manifestations of dengue infection are commonly reported as gingi ... | 2014 | 24389569 |
| the novel isoxazoline ectoparasiticide fluralaner: selective inhibition of arthropod γ-aminobutyric acid- and l-glutamate-gated chloride channels and insecticidal/acaricidal activity. | isoxazolines are a novel class of parasiticides that are potent inhibitors of γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba)-gated chloride channels (gabacls) and l-glutamate-gated chloride channels (glucls). in this study, the effects of the isoxazoline drug fluralaner on insect and acarid gabacl (rdl) and glucl and its parasiticidal potency were investigated. we report the identification and cdna cloning of rhipicephalus (r.) microplus rdl and glucl genes, and their functional expression in xenopus laevis oocytes ... | 2014 | 24365472 |
| synthesis of the insecticide prothrin and its analogues from biomass-derived 5-(chloromethyl)furfural. | prothrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, was synthesized from the biomass-derived platform chemical 5-(chloromethyl)furfural in six steps and overall 65% yield. two structural analogues of prothrin were also prepared following the same synthetic approach. preliminary testing of these furan-based pyrethroids against the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti indicates promising insecticidal activities. | 2014 | 24354505 |
| heavy metals partitioning in the rodrigo de freitas lagoon; larvicidal potential of a new essential oil against aedes aegypti; and the socioeconomic impact of tourism due to wild dolphins provisioning. | | 2013 | 24346790 |
| aedes aegypti entomological indices in an endemic area for dengue in sao paulo state, brazil. | to evaluate the most productive types of properties and containers for aedes aegypti and the spatial distribution of entomological indices. | 2013 | 24346572 |
| [public drinking water supply and egg laying by aedes aegypti]. | to evaluate the effect of the quality of publicly supplied water in domestic water tanks on egg laying by female aedes aegypti. | 2013 | 24346571 |
| larvicidal potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized from leucas aspera leaf extracts against dengue vector aedes aegypti. | vector-borne diseases caused by mosquitoes are one of the major economic and health problems in many countries. aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector of several diseases in humans like yellow fever and dengue. vector control methods involving use of chemical insecticides are becoming less effective due to the development of insecticides resistance, biological magnification of toxic substances through the food chain, and adverse effects on environmental quality and nontarget organisms including huma ... | 2014 | 24337613 |
| competition for amino acids between wolbachia and the mosquito host, aedes aegypti. | the endosymbiont wolbachia represents a promising method of dengue control, as it reduces the ability of the primary vector, the mosquito aedes aegypti, to transmit viruses. when mosquitoes infected with the virulent wolbachia strain wmelpop are fed non-human blood, there is a drastic reduction in mosquito fecundity and egg viability. wolbachia has a reduced genome and is clearly dependent on its host for a wide range of nutritional needs. the fitness defects seen in wmelpop-infected a. aegypti ... | 2014 | 24337107 |
| evolution of dengue in sri lanka-changes in the virus, vector, and climate. | despite the presence of dengue in sri lanka since the early 1960s, dengue has become a major public health issue, with a high morbidity and mortality. aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are the vectors responsible for the transmission of dengue viruses (denv). the four denv serotypes (1, 2, 3, and 4) have been co-circulating in sri lanka for more than 30 years. the new genotype of denv-1 has replaced an old genotype, and new clades of denv-3 genotype iii have replaced older clades. the emergence ... | 2014 | 24334026 |
| larvicidal, ovicidal, and adulticidal efficacy of erythrina indica (lam.) (family: fabaceae) against anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes are the major vector for the transmission of malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, filariasis, schistosomiasis, and japanese encephalitis. mosquito control is facing a threat because of the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. in view of the recently increased interest in developing plant origin insecticides as an alternative to chemical insecticide, this study was unde ... | 2014 | 24322290 |
| synthesis, activity, and qsar studies of tryptamine derivatives on third-instar larvae of aedes aegypti linn. | special attention has been given to the mosquito aedes aegypti linn. (diptera: culicidae) owing to numerous dengue epidemic outbreaks worldwide. failure to control vector spreading is accounted for unorganized urban growth and resistance to larvicides and insecticides. therefore, researchers are currently searching for new and more efficient larvicides and insecticides to aid dengue control measures. triptamine is known to affect insect behavior, development, and physiology. expression of this c ... | 2014 | 24295020 |
| larvicidal activity of mentha x villosa hudson essential oil, rotundifolone and derivatives. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of mentha x villosa essential oil (mveo) and its major constituent, rotundifolone, against larvae of aedes aegypti. additionally, a set of 15 analogues of the rotundifolone were evaluated to identify the molecular characteristics which contribute to the larvicidal effect. the results from the present study showed that the mveo exhibited outstanding toxic effects against ae. aegypti larvae (lc50=45.0ppm). rotundifolone exhibited reason ... | 2014 | 24275151 |
| [isolation and expression profiling of transformer 2 gene in aedes aegypti]. | to isolate, identify and analyze the sex-determining gene transformer 2 (aaetra2) of the major vector mosquito aedes aegypti. | 2013 | 24273257 |
| trypsin inhibitor from moringa oleifera flowers interferes with survival and development of aedes aegypti larvae and kills bacteria inhabitant of larvae midgut. | moringa oleifera flower extract, with trypsin inhibitor activity, is a larvicidal agent on aedes aegypti. this work reports the isolation of trypsin inhibitor (m. oleifera flower trypsin inhibitor (mofti)) and its effect on a. aegypti egg hatching, viability of newly hatched larvae, survival of pupae, and growth of inhabitant bacteria from midgut of fourth-instar larvae (l4). mofti (k i, 2.4 μm), isolated by affinity chromatography on trypsin-agarose column, was an 18.2 kda polypeptide on sodium ... | 2014 | 24271154 |
| chemical study and larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti of essential oil of piper aduncum l. (piperaceae). | piper aduncum l. is used in folk medicine to treat respiratory and inflammatory diseases. the aim of this study was to analyze the essential oil from leaves of p. aduncum collected in the brazilian cerrado, north of minas gerais, as well as to evaluate the larvicidal activity of this oil and of its major constituent. the essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry that allowed characterizing 23 compound ... | 2013 | 24270836 |
| comparative investigation of umbellularia californica and laurus nobilis leaf essential oils and identification of constituents active against aedes aegypti. | umbellularia californica (california bay laurel) and laurus nobilis (mediterranean bay laurel) leaves may be mistaken or used as a substitute on the market due to their morphological similarity. in this study, a comparison of anatomical and chemical features and biological activity of both plants is presented. l. nobilis essential oil biting deterrent and larvicidal activity were negligible. on the other hand, u. californica leaf oil showed biting deterrent activity against aedes aegypti . the i ... | 2013 | 24266426 |
| modulation of appetite and feeding behavior of the larval mosquito aedes aegypti by the serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor paroxetine: shifts between distinct feeding modes and the influence of feeding status. | the effects of the serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitor paroxetine (2×10(-5) mol l(-1)) on behavior of the larval mosquito aedes aegypti are described. four discrete behavioral states dominate larval behavior: wriggling, two distinct types of feeding, and quiescence. feeding behaviors consist of foraging along the bottom of the container (substrate browsing), and stationary filter feeding while suspended from the surface film. fed larvae respond to paroxetine with increased wriggling, and redu ... | 2014 | 24265428 |
| essential oils and their compounds as aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) larvicides: review. | this review aims to describe essential oils and their constituent compounds that exhibit bioactivity against aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) larvae, the immature stage of the primary vector of dengue. this review is based on original articles obtained by searching on major databases. our literature review revealed that 361 essential oils from 269 plant species have been tested for their larvicidal activity. more than 60 % of these essential oils were considered active (lc50<100 mg/l), and ... | 2014 | 24265058 |
| characterising the spatial dynamics of sympatric aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus populations in the philippines. | entomological surveillance and control are essential to the management of dengue fever (df). hence, understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of df vectors, aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) and ae. (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse), is paramount. in the philippines, resources are limited and entomological surveillance and control are generally commenced during epidemics, when transmission is difficult to control. recent improvements in spatial epidemiological tools and methods offer opportuniti ... | 2013 | 24258900 |
| indirect effects of cigarette butt waste on the dengue vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | despite major insecticide-based vector control programs, dengue continues to be a major threat to public health in urban areas. the reasons for this failure include the emergence of insecticide resistance and the narrowing of the spectrum of efficient products. cigarette butts (cbs), the most commonly discarded piece of waste, also represent a major health hazard to human and animal life. cbs are impregnated with thousands of chemical compounds, many of which are highly toxic and none of which h ... | 2014 | 24239749 |
| increased container-breeding mosquito risk owing to drought-induced changes in water harvesting and storage in brisbane, australia. | extended drought conditions in south-east queensland during the early 2000s have resulted in a culture of water harvesting and legislated water restrictions. aedes notoscriptus is a container-breeding mosquito vector of ross river and barmah forest viruses. | 2013 | 24225151 |
| larvicidal activity and gc-ms analysis of flavonoids of vitex negundo and andrographis paniculata against two vector mosquitoes anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti. | development of insect resistance to synthetic pesticides, high operational cost and environmental pollution have created the need for developing alternative approaches to control vector-borne diseases. in the present study, larvicidal activity of flavonoid extracts of different parts of vitex negundo (linnaeus) and andrographis paniculata (nees) have been studied against the late iii or early iv instar larvae of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi (liston). | 2013 | 24220075 |
| dispersal of aedes aegypti: field study in temperate areas using a novel method. | since aedes aegypti was identified as vector of yellow fever and dengue, its dispersal is relevant for disease control. we studied the dispersal of ae. aegypti in temperate areas of argentina during egglaying, using the existing population and egg traps. | 2013 | 24220074 |
| indoor volatiles of primary school classrooms in tapachula, chiapas, mexico, are attractants to aedes aegypti females. | we determined the behavioral response of aedes aegypti females to volatile compounds collected in indoor primary school classrooms. volatiles were collected from classrooms from 0800 through 1030 h and 1130 through 1400 h in urban and rural schools in tapachula, chiapas, mexico. female responses to volatiles were assessed in a y-tube olfactometer. chemical compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis. volatiles from both schools were attractive when compared agai ... | 2013 | 24199507 |
| a novel autocidal ovitrap for the surveillance and control of aedes aegypti. | we describe an inexpensive autocidal ovitrap for aedes aegypti that uses cross-linked polyacrylamide (pam) gel as the oviposition substrate. aedes aegypti females readily laid eggs on pam gel that had been hydrated with either hay infusion or water. aedes aegypti larvae that hatched from their eggs desiccated on the surface of the pam gel. we tested the effects of gel hydration, texture, and type of attractant on trap performance, and compared the capture rates of standard ovitraps with those of ... | 2013 | 24199506 |
| mosquito vector biology and control in latin america--a 23rd symposium. | the 23rd annual latin american symposium presented by the american mosquito control association (amca) was held as part of the 79th annual meeting in atlantic city, nj, in february 2013. the principal objective, as for the previous 22 symposia, was to promote participation in the amca by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from latin america. this publication includes summaries of 49 presentations that were given orally in spanish or presented as posters by partic ... | 2013 | 24199500 |
| impact of elevated co2 background levels on the host-seeking behaviour of aedes aegypti. | mosquitoes rely on carbon dioxide (co2) to detect and orient towards their blood hosts. however, the variable and rapid fluctuations of atmospheric co2 concentrations may have an impact on the host-seeking behaviour of mosquitoes. in this study, we analysed the effect of transient elevated background levels of co2 on the host-seeking behaviour and the physiological characteristics of the co2-sensitive olfactory receptor neurones (orns) in female yellow fever mosquitoes, aedes aegypti. we show th ... | 2014 | 24198270 |
| ecology and habitat characterization of mosquitoes in saudi arabia. | the kingdom of saudi arabia (ksa) contains many of the world's mosquito vectors of parasitic and arboviral diseases. however, few studies addressed their geographic distribution and larval habitat characteristics. we carried out a 14-months mosquito survey in three ksa regions: makkah and al-baha (western) and jezan (south-western). larvae were collected by dipping from various water habitats and adults by cdc light and bg sentinel traps. climatic conditions and physicochemical characteristics o ... | 2013 | 24189671 |
| residual treatment of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in containers using pyriproxyfen slow-release granules (sumilarv 0.5g). | the residual efficacy of pyriproxyfen against aedes aegypti (l.) was examined by treating 2-liter buckets with a range of rates of sumilarv 0.5g (100, 10, 1, and 0.1 mg product/liter or nominal dose of 500, 50, 5, and 0.5 ppb active ingredient) under semifield conditions. approximately every 2 wk, pupal emergence inhibition (ei) was measured by using cairns colony ae. aegypti. pooled water samples from the five replicate buckets were analyzed for active pyriproxyfen by using ultra-high-pressure ... | 2013 | 24180124 |
| resistance to malathion and deltamethrin in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from western venezuela. | resistance to the insecticides deltamethrin and malathion and the enzymes associated with metabolic resistance mechanisms were determined in four field populations of aedes aegypti (l.) from western venezuela during 2008 and 2010 using the bottle assay and the microplate biochemical techniques. for deltamethrin, mortality rates after 1 h exposure and after a 24-h recovery period were determined to calculate the 50% knock-downconcentration (kc50) and the lethal concentration (lc50), respectively. ... | 2013 | 24180108 |
| molecular target sequence similarity as a basis for species extrapolation to assess the ecological risk of chemicals with known modes of action. | it is not feasible to conduct toxicity tests with all species that may be impacted by chemical exposures. therefore, cross-species extrapolation is fundamental to environmental risk assessment. recognition of the impracticality of generating empirical, whole organism, toxicity data for the extensive universe of chemicals in commerce has been an impetus driving the field of predictive toxicology. we describe a strategy that leverages expanding databases of molecular sequence information together ... | 2013 | 24177217 |
| chikungunya emergency in china: microevolution and genetic analysis for a local outbreak. | a small-scale local chikungunya outbreak occurred in a guangdong village of southern china in october 2010. the five chikungunya viruses (chikv) isolated from the epidemic and three other imported cases obtained from the same period were sequenced and analyzed for phylogenesis. the results demonstrated that all of the eight sequences were clustered in the eastern, central, southern, and african group. however, the local strains and imported isolates showed different sequence variations. a226v in ... | 2014 | 24166737 |
| discriminable roles of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in establishment of dengue outbreaks in taiwan. | aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus were reported to be significant as vectors of dengue fever. in taiwan, the latter is distributed throughout the island while the former appears only south of the tropic of cancer; i.e., 23.5°n. in the past decade, there were five outbreaks with over 1000 cases of dengue fever in taiwan. without exception, these outbreaks all occurred in the south where the two aedes mosquitoes are sympartic. according to the center for disease control of taiwan, imported cases ... | 2014 | 24161880 |
| strong larvicidal potential of artemisia annua leaf extract against malaria (anopheles stephensi liston) and dengue (aedes aegypti l.) vectors and bioassay-driven isolation of the marker compounds. | malaria and dengue are the two most important vector-borne human diseases caused by mosquito vectors anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti, respectively. of the various strategies adopted for eliminating these diseases, controlling of vectors through herbs has been reckoned as one of the important measures for preventing their resurgence. artemisia annua leaf chloroform extract when tried against larvae of a. stephensi and a. aegypti has shown a strong larvicidal activity against both of these v ... | 2014 | 24158647 |
| gustatory receptor expression in the labella and tarsi of aedes aegypti. | the yellow-fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, infects a growing number of people every year with dengue, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses. contact chemoreception in mosquitoes influences a number of behaviors including host-selection, oviposition and feeding. while these behaviors are in many instances well documented, the molecular mechanisms mediating them are not well understood. here we report the results of sequencing total messenger rna in the labella and tarsi of both male and female ae. ... | 2013 | 24157615 |
| larvicidal activity of the active constituent isolated from tabebuia avellanedae bark and structurally related derivatives against three mosquito species. | mosquito larvicidal activities of active constituent isolated from tabebuia avellanedae bark and its structurally related derivatives were examined against the fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti, culex pipiens pallens, and ochlerotatus togoi. the insecticidal constituent of t. avellanedae bark was isolated by chromatographic techniques and identified as 2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-naphthalenedione. on the basis of the 50% lethal concentration (lc50) values against c. pipiens pallens ... | 2013 | 24144401 |
| evaluation of biological and chemical insect repellents and their potential adverse effects. | plant extracts, particularly plant oils, had been used and were still in use as repellents against mosquitoes. some of them (e.g., lavender, geraniol, and citriodiol) have been notified by the european commission as active substances to be used in repellents, which are categorized as biocides in product type 19. in the literature, it is known that these substances must be added to repellent products in high concentrations (e.g., 20% and more) in order to reach repellent efficacy. therefore, the ... | 2014 | 24142288 |
| effect of moringa oleifera lectins on survival and enzyme activities of aedes aegypti larvae susceptible and resistant to organophosphate. | the indiscriminate use of synthetic insecticides to control aedes aegypti has led to emergence of resistant populations. moringa oleifera seeds contain the lectins wsmol and cmol. wsmol has larvicidal activity on fourth-stage of a. aegypti organophosphate-susceptible larvae (rockefeller l4). this study reports on the effects of cmol on the survival of rockefeller l4 as well as of wsmol and cmol on l4 from an organophosphate-resistant population (rec-r). the effects of lectins on digestive (amyla ... | 2014 | 24142287 |
| oviposition deterrent activity of three mosquito repellents diethyl phenyl acetamide (depa), diethyl m toluamide (deet), and diethyl benzamide (deb) on aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus. | oviposition deterrent activity of three mosquito repellents namely diethyl phenyl acetamide (depa), diethyl benzamide (deb) along with diethyl toluamide (deet) was studied in the laboratory against aedes aegypti, a. albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. all the repellents evaluated at three log concentrations 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001% in comparison with control by dual choice method. the oviposition response and oviposition activity index (oai) was estimated by counting number of eggs l ... | 2014 | 24142286 |
| are fish paratenic natural hosts of the caiman haemoparasite hepatozoon caimani? | the susceptibility of two fish and four mosquito species to the caiman yacare haemoparasite hepatozoon caimani was experimentally investigated. mosquitoes belonging to four species (aedes fluviatilis, aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus) were blood-fed on two naturally infected c. yacare from the central-west region of brazil that exhibited distinct levels of parasitaemia: caimans a (11.05%) and b (1.25%). none of the engorged a. fluviatilis, a. albopictus or a. aegypti mo ... | 2014 | 24142284 |
| neurological complications in dengue infection: a review for clinical practice. | dengue is an important global public health problem. the world health organization estimates that 2/5 of entire world population are in risk of dengue infection. almost 50 millions cases occur annually, with at least 20 thousand deaths. the etiological agent of this acute febrile disease is a single-strand positive-sense rna virus of flavivirus genus. it is an arboviral disease transmitted by aedes sp. mosquitoes (aedes aegypti and a. albopictus). most infected individuals present asymptomatic i ... | 2013 | 24141501 |
| knockdown and larvicidal activity of six monoterpenes against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) and their structure-activity relationships. | the relationships between physicochemical parameters of majority components of eucalyptus essential oils and their insecticide effect were evaluated on aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). the octanol-water partition coefficients of the monoterpenes were estimated by the atom/fragment contribution method and the vapor pressures were determined by our laboratory in previous studies. the larvicidal activity (lc50 (ppm)) and knockdown effect (kt50 (min)) of each component was determined. the re ... | 2013 | 24100604 |
| the ultrastructure of the aedes aegypti heart. | comparative structural analyses of the heart and associated tissues in 4th instar larvae (l4), pupae and adults of aedes aegypti were undertaken using a combination of microscopy techniques. the ae. aegypti heart consists of cardiomyocytes arranged in a helical fashion, and it is physically associated with intersegmental groups of pericardial cells (pcs) and the alary muscles (ams). ramifications commonly present in ams are more developed in adults than in the immature stages. pericardial cells ... | 2013 | 24095854 |
| genetic structure of aedes aegypti populations determined using pairwise comparisons. | the biological characteristics of aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae), which is a vector of dengue and yellow fever, make this organism a good model for studying population structure and the events that may influence it under the effect of human activity. we assessed the genetic variability of five a. aegypti populations using rapd-pcr technique and six primers. four populations were from brazil and one was from the usa. a total of 165 polymorphic dna loci were generated. considering the six prim ... | 2013 | 24085439 |
| mosquitocidal properties of solanum trilobatum l. (solanaceae) leaf extracts against three important human vector mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | to determine the larvicidal and pupicidal activites of solanum trilobatum (s. trilobatum) leaf extracts against aedes aegypti (ae. aegypti), culex quinquefasciatus (cx. quinquefasciatus) and anopheles stephensi (an. stephensi). | 2013 | 24083579 |
| diel sugar feeding and reproductive behaviours of aedes aegypti mosquitoes in trinidad: with implications for mass release of sterile mosquitoes. | studies on the diel sugar feeding periodicity of male and female aedes aegypti were conducted under laboratory conditions and monitored in single cages using the polyphagometer device and examined every 2h. males mosquitoes displayed two peaks in sugar feeding, a small morning peak at 06.00-08.00 h (16% of sugar feeding) and a significant evening peak at 16.00-18.00 h (40% of sugar feeding). a similar pattern was observed among females: a small early morning peak (18% of sugar feeding) and a sig ... | 2014 | 24076041 |
| wolbachia and arbovirus inhibition in mosquitoes. | wolbachia is a maternally inherited intracellular bacteria that can manipulate the reproduction of their insect hosts, and cytoplasmic incompatibility allows them to spread through mosquito populations. when particular strains of wolbachia are transferred into certain aedes mosquito species, the transmission capacity of important arthropod-borne viruses can be suppressed or abolished in laboratory challenges. viral inhibition is associated with higher densities of transinfecting wolbachia compar ... | 2013 | 24059916 |
| vector control measures failed to affect genetic structure of aedes aegypti in a sentinel metropolitan area of brazil. | in order to evaluate subpopulation differentiation, effective population size (ne) and evidence for population bottlenecks at various geographic levels, aedes aegypti larvae were collected longitudinally from 2007 to 2009 from four areas in the city of salvador, brazil. the dna from each larva was isolated and genotyped with five independent microsatellite markers. fst and jost's d revealed significant population structuring (p<0.05) at the municipal and regional levels, while only rst was able ... | 2013 | 24028791 |
| mosquito repellents based on a natural chromene analogue with longer duration of action than n,n-diethyl-meta-toluamide (deet). | mosquito repellents play a major role in reducing bites and therefore mitigating transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. there is concern by some about the reported neurotoxic effects of the popular repellent deet. also, a product with longer effective activity after application is needed. this paper describes the synthesis and repellent activity of (2,2 dimethyl-2h-chromen-5-yl)methanol, a derivative of chromene amide that is a compound from the plant amyris texana . this compound is more pote ... | 2013 | 24006960 |
| turning cigarette butt waste into an alternative control tool against an insecticide-resistant mosquito vector. | annually, 4.5 trillion cigarette butts (cbs) are flicked into our environment. evidence exists that cb waste is deadly to aquatic life, but their lethality to the aquatic life of the main dengue vector is unknown. cbs are full of toxicants that occur naturally, during planting and manufacturing, which may act as larvicidal agents. we assessed aedes aegypti vulnerability to marlboro butts during its development. overall, cbs showed insecticidal activities against larvae. at early phases of develo ... | 2013 | 23999373 |
| risk factors related to dengue infections in primary school students: exploring students' basic knowledge of dengue and examining the larval indices in southern thailand. | dengue is a major problem in southern thailand. | 2013 | 23999339 |
| formulas of components of citronella oil against mosquitoes (aedes aegypti). | the mosquito aedes aegypti is an epidemic vector of several diseases such as dengue fever and yellow fever. several pesticides are used to control the mosquito population. because of their frequent use, some mosquitoes have developed resistance. in this study, we used the y-tube olfactometer to test essential oils of cymbopogon species and screened specific formulas of components as repellents against ae. aegypti. at 400 μl, the extracted oil of citronella grass (cymbopogon nardus) and myrcene p ... | 2013 | 23998314 |
| bioactivity of plant extracts on the larval and pupal stages of aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidea). | aedes aegypti is responsible for the transmission of the dengue and yellow fever viruses. this study evaluated the effects of extracts from cnidosculos phyllacanthus, ricinus communis, and coutarea hexandra on the developmental periods of a.aegypti larvae and pupae. crude extracts of c. phyllacanthus and c. hexandra and oil from r. communis and c. phyllacanthus were used. | 2013 | 23982096 |
| silencing of p-glycoprotein increases mortality in temephos-treated aedes aegypti larvae. | re-emergence of vector-borne diseases such as dengue and yellow fever, which are both transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito, has been correlated with insecticide resistance. p-glycoproteins (p-gps) are atp-dependent efflux pumps that are involved in the transport of substrates across membranes. some of these proteins have been implicated in multidrug resistance (mdr). in this study, we identified a putative p-glycoprotein in the ae. aegypti database based on its significantly high identity w ... | 2013 | 23980723 |
| using global maps to predict the risk of dengue in europe. | this article attempts to quantify the risk to europe of dengue, following the arrival and spread there of one of dengue's vector species aedes (stegomyia) albopictus. a global risk map for dengue is presented, based on a global database of the occurrence of this disease, derived from electronic literature searches. remotely sensed satellite data (from nasa's modis series), interpolated meteorological data, predicted distribution maps of dengue's two main vector species, aedes aegypti and aedes a ... | 2014 | 23973561 |
| larvicidal effects of endophytic and basidiomycete fungus extracts on aedes and anopheles larvae (diptera, culicidae). | in vitro bioassays were performed to access the larvicidal activity of crude extracts from the endophytic fungus pestalotiopsis virgulata (melanconiales, amphisphaeriaceae) and the saprophytic fungus pycnoporus sanguineus (basidiomycetes, polyporaceae) against the mosquitoes aedes aegypti and anopheles nuneztovari. | 2013 | 23970310 |
| vector competence of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) for den2-43 and new guinea c virus strains of dengue 2 virus. | the vector competence of aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti with regard to den2-43 and new guinea c (ngc) virus strains of dengue 2 viruses was assessed and compared. the infection and dissemination rate and distribution of den2-43 antigens in orally infected ae. albopictus was investigated using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and an indirect immunofluorescence assay. to better understand the initial infection, dissemination and transmission of these viral strains in vector ... | 2013 | 23962388 |
| life table characteristics of aedes aegypti (diptera:culicidae) from saudi arabia. | aedes aegypti (= stegomyia aegypti) mosquito is a world vector of important arboviral diseases like dengue and rift valley fever. despite its wide distribution in the western and southern regions of saudi arabia, where dengue outbreaks have occurred, its ecology is largely unknown. in this study we report on the main life table developmental attributes of a laboratory colony of ae. aegypti reared from field-collected larvae from madinah province, west of saudi arabia. females were maintained on ... | 2013 | 23959496 |
| morphological changes in the midgut of aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) larvae following exposure to an annona coriacea (magnoliales: annonaceae) extract. | bioinsecticides are important in the control of disease vectors, but data regarding their physiological effects on target insects are incomplete. this study describes morphological changes that occur in the midgut of third instar aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) following treatment with a methanolic extract of annona coriacea (magnoliales: annonaceae). dissected midguts were subdivided into anterior and posterior regions and analyzed by light and scanning electron microscopy. insects expose ... | 2012 | 23950067 |
| dynamics and characterization of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) key breeding sites. | the present study aimed to analyze the dynamics of containers used as breeding sites by aedes aegypti (l.) in the city of aracaju, se, one of the northeast brazilian states. a total of three entomological surveys were performed during different precipitation levels. breeding sites were categorized according to their function into storage, disposable containers, and reusable containers. "mean number of pupae" and "frequency of each type of breeding site" were the criteria considered to identify k ... | 2013 | 23949815 |
| [genetic variability of aedes aegypti determined by mitochondrial gene nd4 analysis in eleven endemic areas for dengue in peru]. | in order to establish the genetic variability of aedes aegypti determined by the analysis of the mt-nd4 gene, in eleven endemic regions for dengue in peru, 51 samples of ae. aegypti were tested. the genetic variability was determined through the amplification and sequencing of a fragment of 336 base-pairs of mt nd4, the analysis of intra-specific phylogeny was conducted with the network ver. 4.6.10 program; and the phylogenetic analysis, with the neighbor joining distance method. the presence of ... | 2013 | 23949510 |
| phoenix dactylifera l. spathe essential oil: chemical composition and repellent activity against the yellow fever mosquito. | date palm, phoenix dactylifera l. (arecaceae), grows commonly in the arabian peninsula and is traditionally used to treat various diseases. the aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition of the essential oil and to investigate the repellent activity. the essential oil of p. dactylifera was obtained by hydrodistillation from the spathe, a specialized leaf structure that surrounds the pollinating organs of the palm. the oil was subsequently analyzed by gc-fid and gc-ms. the oil ... | 2013 | 23948523 |
| seasonal and nonseasonal dynamics of aedes aegypti in rio de janeiro, brazil: fitting mathematical models to trap data. | mathematical models suggest that seasonal transmission and temporary cross-immunity between serotypes can determine the characteristic multi-year dynamics of dengue fever. seasonal transmission is attributed to the effect of climate on mosquito abundance and within host virus dynamics. in this study, we validate a set of temperature and density dependent entomological models that are built-in components of most dengue models by fitting them to time series of ovitrap data from three distinct neig ... | 2014 | 23933186 |
| a new ovitrap made of slow release natural materials containing pyriproxyfen for aedes aegypti (diptera:culicidae) control. | abstract this initial study is aimed to measure the performance of incorporating pyriproxyfen in natural materials with low environmental impact to obtain slow release formulations that can be used as larvicidal or autocidal ovitraps avoiding hatched aedes aegypti (l.) eggs to emerge as adults. hollow candles made of beeswax or paraffin:stearin 1:1 mixture containing pyriproxyfen 0.01 and 0.05% were prepared and used as holding water containers for larval bioassay. pyriproxyfen was released quic ... | 2013 | 23926792 |
| multiple blood feeding and host-seeking behavior in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | the body size of mosquitoes can influence a number of bionomic factors, such as their blood-feeding ability, host attack rate, and fecundity. all of these traits are important determinants of their potential to transmit diseases. among abiotic and biotic factors, high temperature and low nutrition in the developing stages of mosquitoes generally result in small adults. we studied the relationship between body size and multiple feeding in a gonotrophic cycle and some fecundity attributes by using ... | 2013 | 23926783 |
| plant essential oils affect the toxicities of carbaryl and permethrin against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | abstract phytochemicals have been considered as alternatives for conventional pesticides because of their low mammalian toxicity and environmental safety. they usually display less potent insecticidal effects than synthetic compounds, but may express as yet unknown modes of action. in the current study, we evaluated 14 plant essential oils for their toxicities and synergistic effects with carbaryl and permethrin against fourth instars of aedes aegypti (l.) as well as 5-7-d-old adults. six essent ... | 2013 | 23926781 |
| determinants of male aedes aegypti and aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae) response to sound: efficacy and considerations for use of sound traps in the field. | understanding the mating competitiveness of male mosquitoes in field settings is essential to programs relying on the mass release of modified male mosquitoes, yet studies on male ecology have been hampered by the lack of a convenient trapping method. an existing promising method makes use of the innate attraction of males to female flight tones. here, we present laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments on the efficacy of sound traps for the collection of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes polyne ... | 2013 | 23926769 |
| predatory efficacy of culex (lutzia) fuscanus on mosquito vectors of human diseases in sri lanka. | larvae of culex (lutzia) fuscanus were collected from ovitraps in a natural breeding site. collected larvae were used to establish a self-mating colony, and larval progeny were then used to determine their predatory efficacy on larvae of 3 vector mosquito species, aedes aegypti, anopheles subpictus, and cx. tritaeniorhynchus. statistical analysis revealed that cx. fuscanus showed greater feeding efficacy for ae. aegypti than for cx. tritaeniorhynchus and an. subpictus. the natural predatory role ... | 2013 | 23923332 |
| an assessment of the importance of subsurface catch basins for aedes aegypti adult production during the dry season in a neighborhood of merida, mexico. | we compared the number of adult aedes aegypti emerging from subsurface catch basins located in the streets against the number of pupae (as a proxy of adults emerging) from the entire container larval habitats found at residential premises within 1 ha of a neighborhood in the mexican city of merida during 8 days in the dry season of 2012. aedes aegypti adults were collected from 60% of the subsurface catch basins. they produced 12 adults/day/ha (95% confidence interval [ci], 6.4 to 17.9), 5 femal ... | 2013 | 23923331 |
| history of aedes mosquitoes in hawaii. | as a geographically isolated island chain with no native mosquitoes, hawaii is a model for examining the mechanisms behind insect vector invasions and their subsequent interactions with each other and with human populations. the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, and the asian tiger mosquito, ae. albopictus, have been responsible for epidemics of dengue in hawaii. as one of the world's earliest locations to be invaded by both species, hawaii's history is particularly relevant because both spe ... | 2013 | 23923330 |
| bioassay-guided investigation of two monarda essential oils as repellents of yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. | as part of an ongoing research program to identify active mosquito repellents, monarda bradburiana beck and monarda fistulosa l. essential oils showed good repellent activity with minimum effective dosages (med) of 0.055 ± 0.036 and 0.078 ± 0.027 mg/cm(2), respectively, compared to reference standard n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) (0.039 ± 0.014 mg/cm(2)). systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of essential oils of both monarda species was performed to identify the active repellent compo ... | 2013 | 23919579 |
| spatial analysis of aedes aegypti immatures in northern argentina: clusters and temporal instability. | the objective of this study was to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of aedes aegypti immatures based on four entomological surveys that inspected over 6000 households in a large neighborhood of the city of clorinda between 2007 and 2008. global and local spatial point pattern analyses of immature presence or absence, habitat quality (estimated using a previously obtained statistical model) and pupal production were performed. global analyses showed aggregation of both infestation and habitat ... | 2013 | 23911331 |
| structure-activity relationships of monoterpenes and acetyl derivatives against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | dengue fever virus transmitted by aedes aegypti causes lethal mortalities of human beings, and, because of the lack of any vaccine, management of this vector, especially with phytochemicals, is essential. in the present investigation, the structure-activity relationship of monoterpenes and their acetyl derivatives was studied to identify structural features that are responsible for mosquitocidal activity. | 2013 | 23908002 |
| phylogenetic analyses of vector mosquito basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. | basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) transcription factors play critical roles in the regulation of a wide range of developmental processes in higher organisms and have been identified in more than 20 organisms. mosquitoes are important vectors of certain human diseases. in this study, aedes aegypti, anopheles gambiae str. pest and culex quinquefasciatus genomes were found to encode 55, 55 and 57 bhlh genes, respectively. further phylogenetic analyses and orthodb and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and gen ... | 2013 | 23906262 |
| evaluation of two sweeping methods for estimating the number of immature aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in large containers. | here, we evaluated sweeping methods used to estimate the number of immature aedes aegypti in large containers. | 2013 | 23904081 |
| progress in mapping the yellow fever mosquito genome. | mosquito-borne diseases cause significant problems for the human health. for this reason, the genomes of three most dangerous species of mosquitoes, including the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti, were sequenced in last decade. the efficient vector of arboviruses. ae. aegypti, is also a convenient model for laboratory research. the intensive genetic mapping of morphological and molecular markers conducted for this mosquito in the past was very successful. this mapping was also used as a tool ... | 2013 | 23875456 |
| ovicidal activity of three insect growth regulators against aedes and culex mosquitoes. | interspecific variations in the susceptibility of freshly and embryonated eggs of aedes albopictus, ae. aegypti, ae. atropalpus and culex pipiens were tested against three classes of insect growth regulators (igrs) including ecdysone agonist (azadirachtin), chitin synthesis inhibitor (diflubenzuron) and juvenile hormone analog (pyriproxyfen) at 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0ppm concentrations. egg hatching inhibition was dose dependent, the highest being at 1.0ppm concentration for freshly laid eggs o ... | 2013 | 23860181 |
| evaluation of larvicidal activity and brine shrimp toxicity of rhizome extracts of zingiber zerumbet (l.) smith. | in this study, we used dichloromethane (dcm) and methanol (meoh) extracts of the zingiber zerumbet rhizome to evaluate brine shrimp lethality and larvicidal activity on aedes aegypti and anopheles nuneztovari mosquitoes. | 2013 | 23856868 |
| the diel copulation periodicity of the mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) at indoor and outdoor sites in trinidad, west indies. | the diel copulation periodicity of domestic aedes aegypti in the field in trinidad, west indies was monitored weekly at indoor and outdoor sites over a 16 month period. at indoor sites two significant (p<0.02) peaks in copulation occurred between 06.00 and 08.00 (25% of copulation events) and between 16.00 and 18.00 (24%): at outdoor sites the copulation periodicity was similar to that observed indoors with an early morning peak in copulation at 06.00-08.00 (30%) and a late evening peak at 16.00 ... | 2014 | 23850504 |
| cyclopaldic acid, seiridin, and sphaeropsidin a as fungal phytotoxins, and larvicidal and biting deterrents against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): structure-activity relationships. | aedes aegypti l. is the major vector of the arboviruses responsible for dengue fever, one of the most devastating human diseases. from a preliminary screening of fungal phytotoxins, cyclopaldic acid (1), seiridin (2), sphaeropsidin a (4), and papyracillic acid (5) were evaluated for their biting deterrent and larvicidal activities against ae. aegypti l. because compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 exhibited mosquito biting deterrent activities and 1 and 4 demonstrated larvicidal activities, further structur ... | 2013 | 23847068 |
| impact of argemone mexicana extracts on the cidal, morphological, and behavioral response of dengue vector, aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | the larvicidal, behavioral, and morphological response of dengue vector, aedes aegypti treated with deleterious weed, argemone mexicana, was explored. the 1,000 ppm extracts of a. mexicana leaf, stem, and roots prepared in five different solvents (petroleum ether, hexane, benzene, acetone, and ethanol) were screened for their larvicidal activity against dengue vector establishing the efficacy of petroleum ether and hexane extracts. other extracts, unable to give 100% mortality, were considered i ... | 2013 | 23835923 |
| larvicidal, oviposition, and ovicidal effects of artemisia annua (asterales: asteraceae) against aedes aegypti, anopheles sinensis, and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | this study focuses on the larvicidal, oviposition, and ovicidal effects of a crude extract of artemisia annua against aedes aegypti, anopheles sinensis, and culex quinquefasciatus. dried cells of artemisia annua from cell suspension cultures were extracted using hexane. the extract showed moderate larvicidal effects against mosquitoes. at 24-h post treatment, the lc50 values for anopheles sinensis, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus were recorded as 244.55, 276.14, and 374.99 ppm, respect ... | 2013 | 23835922 |
| dengue infections. | dengue fever is one of the most common mosquito-borne viral illnesses in the world. it is usually transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquito. dengue infections are caused by four antigenically distinct but closely related viruses (den 1?4). infection with any one of the viruses is thought to provide lifetime immunity to future infections from the same virus but only short-term cross-immunity to the other types, leading to the possibility of s ... | 2013 | 23817881 |
| [problems of medical parasitology]. | situation on parasitic disease in russia remains complex. reduction of parasitology personnel had a negative impact on the quality of epidemiological control in the field of parasitic diseases and resulted in a decrease of awareness of physicians of therapeutic-prophylaxis institutions. the situation was aggravated by a lack of anti-malaria preparations and insufficient specter of anti-helminthic drugs. uncontrolled increase of the number of domestic and stray dogs in cities was the reason for i ... | 2013 | 23805663 |
| novel estimates of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) population size and adult survival based on wolbachia releases. | the size of aedes aegypti (l.) mosquito populations and adult survival rates have proven difficult to estimate because of a lack of consistent quantitative measures to equate sampling methods, such as adult trapping, to actual population size. however, such estimates are critical for devising control methods and for modeling the transmission of dengue and other infectious agents carried by this species. here we take advantage of recent releases of wolbachia-infected ae. aegypti coupled with the ... | 2013 | 23802459 |
| effects of thermal heterogeneity and egg mortality on differences in the population dynamics of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) over short distances in temperate argentina. | in temperate regions, the seasonal dynamics of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is mainly influenced by temperature, whereas the probability of local extinction depends on the egg mortality during the cold season. the aim of the current study was to assess the importance of temperature and egg mortality in determining the differences in the oviposition dynamics of ae. aegypti between favorable and less favorable areas in buenos aires city (argentina). year-round temperature dynamics were ... | 2013 | 23802448 |
| modelling interventions during a dengue outbreak. | we present a stochastic dynamical model for the transmission of dengue that considers the co-evolution of the spatial dynamics of the vectors (aedes aegypti) and hosts (human population), allowing the simulation of control strategies adapted to the actual evolution of an epidemic outbreak. we observed that imposing restrictions on the movement of infected humans is not a highly effective strategy. in contrast, isolating infected individuals with high levels of compliance by the human population ... | 2014 | 23800514 |
| modelling a wolbachia invasion using a slow-fast dispersal reaction-diffusion approach. | this paper uses a reaction-diffusion approach to examine the dynamics in the spread of a wolbachia infection within a population of mosquitoes in a homogeneous environment. the formulated model builds upon an earlier model by skalski and gilliam (am. nat. 161(3):441-458, 2003), which incorporates a slow and fast dispersal mode. this generates a faster wavespeed than previous reaction-diffusion approaches, which have been found to produce wavespeeds that are unrealistically slow when compared wit ... | 2013 | 23756849 |
| a simple method for the detection of leptolegnia chapmanii from infected aedes aegypti larvae. | significant progress in developing leptolegnia chapmanii as a biological control agent against mosquitoes will be accelerated by improved and simpler methods to detect and to isolate this virulent and rapidly lethal watermold from field-collected mosquito larvae. to date, however, this oomycete has remained understudied and little used. this study presents a simplified method to detect leptolegnia in infected aedes aegypti larvae. the development of l. chapmanii inside mosquitoes is easily monit ... | 2013 | 23750958 |
| spatial distribution and esterase activity in populations of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera: culicidae) resistant to temephos. | the need for studies that describe the resistance patterns in populations of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) in function of their region of origin justified this research, which aimed to characterize the resistance to temephos and to obtain information on esterase activity in populations of aedes aegypti collected in municipalities of the state of paraíba. | 2013 | 23740072 |
| historical analysis of the records of sylvan yellow fever in the state of amazonas, brazil, from 1996 to 2009. | yellow fever is a non-contagious infectious disease, highly lethal, transmitted by the aedes, haemagogus and sabethes. | 2013 | 23740065 |
| identification of dengue viruses in naturally infected aedes aegypti females captured with biogents (bg)-sentinel traps in manaus, amazonas, brazil. | in manaus, the first autochthonous cases of dengue fever were registered in 1998. since then, dengue cases were diagnosed by the isolation of viruses 1, 2, 3, and 4. | 2013 | 23740064 |
| will people change their vector-control practices in the presence of an imperfect dengue vaccine? | human behaviours, which are influenced by social, cultural, economic and political factors, can increase or decrease the risk of dengue infection, depending on the relationship with the insect vector. because no vaccine is currently available, the spread of dengue can only be curtailed by controlling vector populations (aedes aegypti and others) and by protecting individuals. this study tested the hypothesis that dengue-affected populations are likely to relax their vector-control habits if a po ... | 2014 | 23735007 |
| identification and expression of pban/diapause hormone and gpcrs from aedes aegypti. | neuropeptides control various physiological functions and constitute more than 90% of insect hormones. the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban)/pyrokinin family is a major group of insect neuropeptides and is well conserved in insecta. this family of peptides has at least two closely related g-protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) activated by pban and a diapause hormone (dh). they have been shown to control several biological activities including pheromone production and diapause i ... | 2013 | 23727337 |
| the larvicidal activity of brown algae padina minor (yamada 1925) and dicyota linearis (greville 1830) against the dengue vector, aedes aegypti (linn 1762) (diptera: culicidae). | | 2013 | 23703444 |
| the use of the premise condition index (pci) to provide guidelines for aedes aegypti surveys. | | 2013 | 23701626 |
| four simple stimuli that induce host-seeking and blood-feeding behaviors in two mosquito species, with a clue to deet's mode of action. | bioassays in a wind tunnel showed that a combination of four stimuli releases intense host-seeking and blood-feeding behavioral responses from females of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, and the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. the stimuli are carbon dioxide, water vapor, warmth, and adenosine triphosphate (atp). mosquitoes responded to this combination with a repertoire of blood-feeding behaviors that included upwind flight, landing, probing, and engorgement. absence of carbon d ... | 2013 | 23701619 |
| inter-population mating success in australian dengue vector mosquitoes: effects of laboratory colonization and implications for the spread of transgenics. | variability between aedes aegypti populations in north queensland, australia, has the potential to impact the successful implementation of new population replacement mosquito releases for dengue control. four ae. aegypti colonies originating from different locations (cairns, mareeba, innisfail, and charters towers), along with one f1 field-derived population from cairns, were inter-crossed to determine any incompatibilities in copulation, insemination, and production of viable offspring. greater ... | 2013 | 23701615 |
| a case study of the influence of local weather on aedes aegypti (l.) aging and mortality. | the survival rate of mosquitoes is an important topic that affects many aspects of decision-making in mosquito management. this study aims to estimate the variability in the survival rate of ae. aegypti, and climate factors that are related to such variability. it is generally assumed that the daily probability of mosquito survival is independent of natural environment conditions and age. to test this assumption, a three-year fieldwork (2005-2007) and experimental study was conducted at fortalez ... | 2013 | 23701604 |
| first report on invasion of yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, at narita international airport, japan in august 2012. | the invasion of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti at narita international airport, japan was detected for the first time. during the course of routine vector surveillance at narita international airport, 27 ae. aegypti adults emerged from larvae and pupae collected from a single larvitrap placed near no. 88 spot at passenger terminal 2 on august 8, 2012. after the appearance of ae. aegypti in the larvitrap, we defined a 400-m buffer zone and started an intensive vector survey using an addi ... | 2013 | 23698478 |