| neutrophil infiltration and activation in bronchiolitic airways are independent of viral etiology. | hospitalization with bronchiolitis is linked to the development of early childhood chronic wheeze and asthma. viral etiology and severity of inflammation are potential contributing factors. previously we observed reduced airway neutrophil infiltration in breastfed bronchiolitic infants, with a corresponding reduction in disease severity. this study aimed to examine whether respiratory viral etiology and co-infection alters the pattern of neutrophil influx, and the inflammatory mediator profile, ... | 2017 | 27410761 |
| spatial and temporal spread of acute viral respiratory infections in young children living in high-altitude rural communities: a prospective household-based study. | few studies have described patterns of transmission of viral acute respiratory infections (ari) in children in developing countries. we examined the spatial and temporal spread of viral ari among young children in rural peruvian highland communities. previous studies have described intense social interactions in those communities, which could influence the transmission of viral infections. | 2016 | 27404599 |
| partial comparison of the nxtag respiratory pathogen panel assay with the luminex xtag respiratory panel fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of respiratory pathogens. | in this study, 185 nasopharyngeal swabs were tested to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the luminex nxtag (nxtag) respiratory pathogen panel (rpp) assay with those of the luminex respiratory virus panel (rvp) fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the nxtag assay identified at least one infectious agent in 164 (88.7%) of the swabs. in 91 (6.2%) tests with negative results with the rvp fast assay v2, a virus was identified by the nxtag (p < 0.001). with ... | 2016 | 27401400 |
| human metapneumovirus in lung transplant recipients: characteristics and outcomes. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) causes serious respiratory tract infections in lung transplant recipients (ltrs). we evaluated the characteristics and adverse drug reactions (adr) of oral ribavirin therapy for hmpv infections in ltrs. ltrs with respiratory symptoms or suspected infection of unknown origin were routinely sampled with nasopharyngeal swabs (nps) for virological and bacteriological analysis as part of a diagnostic workup. medical records of hmpv polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-positive ... | 2017 | 27385394 |
| [characteristics of human metapneumovirus infection, is it important the age?] | | 2017 | 27372142 |
| elevated serum levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in wheezing children infected with human metapneumovirus. | our aim was to study the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in children in the suzhou area, china, and to investigate the effect of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (tslp) on wheezing in hmpv-infected children. the study included 13,533 children with respiratory tract infections who were admitted to the children's hospital of soochow university between january 2009 and december 2014. clinical data were recorded. plasma levels of tslp, interleukin (il)- ... | 2017 | 27357989 |
| human metapneumovirus in patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infections: a meta-analysis. | this meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infections in patients hospitalized for acute respiratory infection (ari) and to study factors associated with this prevalence. medline and sciencedirect databases were searched for prospective observational studies that screened hospitalized patients with ari for hmpv by rt-pcr, with data available at december 27, 2014. the risk of bias was assessed regarding participation rate, definition of ari, description of ... | 2016 | 27337518 |
| dc-sign and l-sign are attachment factors that promote infection of target cells by human metapneumovirus in the presence or absence of cellular glycosaminoglycans. | it is well established that glycosaminoglycans (gags) function as attachment factors for human metapneumovirus (hmpv), concentrating virions at the cell surface to promote interaction with other receptors for virus entry and infection. there is increasing evidence to suggest that multiple receptors may exhibit the capacity to promote infectious entry of hmpv into host cells; however, definitive identification of specific transmembrane receptors for hmpv attachment and entry is complicated by the ... | 2016 | 27334579 |
| human metapneumovirus uses endocytosis pathway for host cell entry. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a prevalent pathogen worldwide and causes various respiratory infections. although it is a critical pathogen in pediatric patients, it is unclear how it enters host cells. in this study, we focused on hmpv cell entry using two kinds of cell lines (vero e6 and llc-mk2), which are most commonly used for isolating and propagating for hmpv, and we used fluorescent dyes to label the virus particles and monitored how they enter the host cell in real time. we found that ... | 2016 | 27328610 |
| human metapneumovirus epidemiological and evolutionary patterns in coastal kenya, 2007-11. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important global cause of severe acute respiratory infections in young children and the elderly. the epidemiology of hmpv in sub-saharan africa is poorly described and factors that allow its recurrent epidemics in communities not understood. | 2016 | 27316548 |
| [metapneumovirus infection in an adult]. | the paper briefly characterizes human metapneumovirus, a newly discovered pathogen of acute respiratory infections, and gives brief clinical, virological, and pathological data concerning a fatal outcome of a 51-year-old obese woman without severe background pathology. metapneumovirus infection has been verified by real-time pcr. morphological examination revealed the signs of subtotal diffuse alveolar damage, ciliary epithelial cell overgrowths, and binucleated macrophages. the changes revealed ... | 2017 | 27296008 |
| genetic diversity, seasonality and transmission network of human metapneumovirus: identification of a unique sub-lineage of the fusion and attachment genes. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important viral respiratory pathogen worldwide. current knowledge regarding the genetic diversity, seasonality and transmission dynamics of hmpv among adults and children living in tropical climate remains limited. hmpv prevailed at 2.2% (n = 86/3,935) among individuals presented with acute respiratory tract infections in kuala lumpur, malaysia between 2012 and 2014. seasonal peaks were observed during the northeast monsoon season (november-april) and correlate ... | 2016 | 27279080 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and hematologic malignancy patients: a systematic review. | over the past decade, reported incidence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has increased owing to the use of molecular assays for diagnosis of respiratory viral infections in cancer patients. the seasonality of these infections, differences in sampling strategies across institutions, and small sample size of published studies make it difficult to appreciate the true incidence and impact of hmpv infections. in this systematic review, we summarized the published data on hmpv infections in hematopoie ... | 2016 | 27260872 |
| multiple inhibitory pathways contribute to lung cd8+ t cell impairment and protect against immunopathology during acute viral respiratory infection. | viruses are frequent causes of lower respiratory infection (lri). programmed cell death-1 (pd-1) signaling contributes to pulmonary cd8(+) t cell (tcd8) functional impairment during acute viral lri, but the role of tcd8 impairment in viral clearance and immunopathology is unclear. we now find that human metapneumovirus infection induces virus-specific lung tcd8 that fail to produce effector cytokines or degranulate late postinfection, with minimally increased function even in the absence of pd-1 ... | 2016 | 27259857 |
| human metapneumovirus circulation in the united states, 2008 to 2014. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection causes respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. however, national hmpv seasonality, as it compares with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza seasonality patterns, has not been well described. | 2016 | 27244790 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by real-time polymerase chain reaction among hospitalized young children in iran. | acute respiratory infection plays an important role in hospitalization of children in developing countries; detection of viral causes in such infections is very important. the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common etiological agent of viral lower respiratory tract infection in children, and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract infections among infants and children. | 2016 | 27226877 |
| a chimeric pneumovirus fusion protein carrying neutralizing epitopes of both mpv and rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are paramyxoviruses that are responsible for substantial human health burden, particularly in children and the elderly. the fusion (f) glycoproteins are major targets of the neutralizing antibody response and studies have mapped dominant antigenic sites in f. here we grafted a major neutralizing site of rsv f, recognized by the prophylactic monoclonal antibody palivizumab, onto hmpv f, generating a chimeric protein displaying epi ... | 2016 | 27224013 |
| coinfections of the respiratory tract: viral competition for resources. | studies have shown that simultaneous infection of the respiratory tract with at least two viruses is common in hospitalized patients, although it is not clear whether these infections are more or less severe than single virus infections. we use a mathematical model to study the dynamics of viral coinfection of the respiratory tract in an effort to understand the kinetics of these infections. specifically, we use our model to investigate coinfections of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhi ... | 2016 | 27196110 |
| human metapneumovirus infections following hematopoietic cell transplantation: factors associated with disease progression. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a newly identified pulmonary pathogen that can cause fatal lower respiratory tract disease (lrd) in hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct) recipients. little is known about progression rates from upper respiratory tract infection (uri) to lrd and risk factors associated with progression. | 2016 | 27143659 |
| human metapneumovirus small hydrophobic (sh) protein downregulates type i ifn pathway signaling by affecting stat1 expression and phosphorylation. | type i interferon (ifn) is a key mediator of antiviral immunity. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) inhibits ifn signaling, but does not encode homologues of known ifn antagonists. we tested the hypothesis that a specific viral protein prevents type i ifn signaling by targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (stat1). we found that human airway epithelial cells (capable of expressing ifns) became impaired for stat1 phosphorylation even without direct infection due to intrinsic negat ... | 2016 | 27131212 |
| novel hla-a2-restricted human metapneumovirus epitopes reduce viral titers in mice and are recognized by human t cells. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality from acute lower respiratory tract illness, with most individuals seropositive by age five. despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies, secondary infections are common and can be severe in young, elderly, and immunocompromised persons. preclinical vaccine studies for hmpv have suggested a need for a balanced antibody and t cell immune response to enhance protection and avoid lung immunopathology. we infected transgenic ... | 2016 | 27105560 |
| acute myopericarditis caused by human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus is known to be similar to respiratory syncytial virus. because of an incomplete protective immune response to new genotypes, re-infection occurs frequently, especially in the elderly. however, the clinical manifestations of human metapneumovirus need to be further characterized in adults. a 73-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with acute dyspnea, chest discomfort and influenza-like illness. the patient was diagnosed with human metapneumovirus infection, complic ... | 2016 | 27104014 |
| respiratory viruses associated with severe pneumonia in children under 2 years old in a rural community in pakistan. | the objective of this study was to determine the incidence of respiratory viruses associated with severe pneumonia among children less than 2 years of age in the rural district of matiari in sindh, pakistan. this study was a community-based prospective cohort active surveillance of infants enrolled at birth and followed for 2 years. cases were identified using the world health organization's integrated management of childhood illnesses' definition of severe pneumonia. nasopharyngeal swabs were o ... | 2016 | 27096404 |
| the validity of clinical practice guidelines for empirical use of oseltamivir for influenza in thai children. | clinical practice guidelines for influenza have been implemented to maximise the appropriate use of empirical oseltamivir; however, good predictive values are required. | 2016 | 27077623 |
| real-time pcr probe optimization using design of experiments approach. | primer and probe sequence designs are among the most critical input factors in real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay optimization. in this study, we present the use of statistical design of experiments (doe) approach as a general guideline for probe optimization and more specifically focus on design optimization of label-free hydrolysis probes that are designated as mediator probes (mps), which are used in reverse transcription mp pcr (rt-mp pcr). the effect of three input factors on a ... | 2016 | 27077046 |
| etiology, seasonality, and clinical characterization of viral respiratory infections among hospitalized children in beirut, lebanon. | acute respiratory tract viral infections occur worldwide and are one of the major global burdens of diseases in children. the aim of this study was to determine the viral etiology of respiratory infections in hospitalized children, to understand the viral seasonality in a major lebanese hospital, and to correlate disease severity and the presence of virus. over a 1-year period, nasal and throat swabs were collected from 236 pediatric patients, aged 16-year old or less and hospitalized for acute ... | 2016 | 27061822 |
| [phylogenetic variability of human metapneumovirus strains circulating in turkey during two consecutive epidemic seasons]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), classified in paramyxoviridae family, phylogenetically consists of two major groups namely a and b, with genetic lineages of a1, a2 (comprises of sublineages a2a and a2b) and b1, b2. although detailed evaluation on phylogenetic analysis of hmpv has been described in other countries, there are no data from turkey on this subject. the aim of this study was to demonstrate for the first time, the phylogenetic diversity of hmpv strains circulating in turkey during two co ... | 2016 | 27058330 |
| genome-wide analysis of human metapneumovirus evolution. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been described as an important etiologic agent of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, especially in young children and the elderly. most of school-aged children might be introduced to hmpvs, and exacerbation with other viral or bacterial super-infection is common. however, our understanding of the molecular evolution of hmpvs remains limited. to address the comprehensive evolutionary dynamics of hmpvs, we report a genome-wide analysis of the eight genes ... | 2016 | 27046055 |
| clinical evaluation of a single-tube multiple rt-pcr assay for the detection of 13 common virus types/subtypes associated with acute respiratory infection. | respiratory viruses are among the most important causes of human morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially for infants and young children. in the past years, a few commercial multiplex rt-pcr assays have been used to detect respiratory viruses in spite of the high cost. in the present study, an improved single-tube multiplex reverse transcription pcr assay for simultaneous detection of 13 respiratory viruses was evaluated and compared with a previously reported two-tube assay as the referenc ... | 2016 | 27043208 |
| [respiratory viruses in pediatrics: what's new?]. | molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our knowledge regarding the contribution of respiratory viruses in respiratory illnesses in children, mainly lower respiratory tract infections. respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus (rv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are predominant viral agents identified in children. notwithstanding the importance of respiratory viruses in children, treatment and prophylactic options remain limited. these include palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody prophyl ... | 2016 | 27039461 |
| paramyxovirus infection: mortality and morbidity in a pediatric intensive care unit. | we investigated mortality and morbidity of patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (picu) with paramyxovirus infection. | 2016 | 27037248 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in severe lower respiratory tract infections in children under two. | viruses are the most important causative agents of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alrtis), ranked as the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of hospitalization in children. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are among the commonest viral causes of severe alrti. in this study, we aimed to study the burden of both rsv and hmpv in causing severe alrti in children younger than two years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (p ... | 2016 | 27031461 |
| novel respiratory syncytial virus-like particle vaccine composed of the postfusion and prefusion conformations of the f glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and children and represents an important global health burden for the elderly and the immunocompromised. despite decades of research efforts, no licensed vaccine for rsv is available. we have developed virus-like particle (vlp)-based rsv vaccines assembled with the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) matrix protein (m) as the structural scaffold and the rsv fusion glycoprotein (f) in either the postfusion or ... | 2016 | 27030590 |
| viral etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in cameroon, 2011-2013. | severe acute respiratory illness (sari) is recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization among children in developing countries. little is known, however, in tropical countries like cameroon about the cause and seasonality of respiratory infections, especially in hospitalized settings. | 2016 | 27012372 |
| how i treat respiratory viral infections in the setting of intensive chemotherapy or hematopoietic cell transplantation. | the widespread use of multiplex molecular diagnostics has led to a significant increase in the detection of respiratory viruses in patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy and hematopoietic cell transplantation (hct). respiratory viruses initially infect the upper respiratory tract and then progress to lower respiratory tract disease in a subset of patients. lower respiratory tract disease can manifest itself as airflow obstruction or viral pneumonia, which can be fatal. infection in hct candi ... | 2016 | 26968533 |
| albuterol use in children hospitalized with human metapneumovirus respiratory infection. | introduction. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus from the same subfamily as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and causes similar acute lower respiratory tract infection. albuterol in the setting of acute rsv infection is controversial and has not yet been studied in hmpv. we sought to determine the frequency of albuterol use in hmpv infection and the association between albuterol administration and patient outcomes. methods. we conducted a retrospective cohort study identifying all ... | 2016 | 26925109 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children. | respiratory infections are a common cause of paediatric morbidity. clinical outcomes in children hospitalized with single respiratory virus infection are compared with those with two or more viral-viral coinfection. studies were restricted to those reporting on children aged less than 5 years (prospero crd#42014009133). published data to calculate risk ratios (rr) comparing children with single viral infections to coinfection using a random effects model were used. similar analyses by pathogen p ... | 2016 | 26919484 |
| nucleocapsid assembly in pneumoviruses is regulated by conformational switching of the n protein. | non-segmented, (-)rna viruses cause serious human diseases. human metapneumovirus (hmpv), an emerging pathogen of this order of viruses (mononegavirales) is one of the main causes of respiratory tract illness in children. to help elucidate the assembly mechanism of the nucleocapsid (the viral rna genome packaged by the nucleoprotein n) we present crystallographic structures of hmpv n in its assembled rna-bound state and in a monomeric state, bound to the polymerase cofactor p. our structures rev ... | 2016 | 26880565 |
| prevalence of rhinovirus in wheezing children: a comparison with respiratory syncytial virus wheezing. | to explore the distribution and clinical manifestations of rhinovirus infection in wheezing children, and compare the clinical differences between rhinovirus- and respiratory syncytial virus-induced wheezing. | 2016 | 26859065 |
| respiratory viruses associated hospitalization among children aged <5 years in bangladesh: 2010-2014. | we combined hospital-based surveillance and health utilization survey data to estimate the incidence of respiratory viral infections associated hospitalization among children aged < 5 years in bangladesh. | 2016 | 26840782 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in children with a history of prematurity--a condition worth more attention. | | 2016 | 26803581 |
| viral etiology of medically attended influenza-like illnesses in children less than five years old in suzhou, china, 2011-2014. | limited information is available on the non-influenza etiology and epidemiology of influenza-like illness (ili) in china. from april 2011 to march 2014, we collected oropharyngeal swabs from children less than 5 years of age with symptoms of ili who presented to the outpatient departments of suzhou university affiliated children's hospital (sch). we used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) or pcr to detect 11 respiratory viruses. among 3,662 enrolled ili patients, 1,292 (35. ... | 2016 | 26792409 |
| prevalence of human metapneumovirus infection among patients with influenza-like illness: report from a tertiary care centre, southern india. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), discovered in the 21st century, has emerged as an important cause of influenza-like illness in children and adults causing mild upper respiratory tract infection to severe bronchiolitis and community-associated pneumonia. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hmpv in the union territory of puducherry, india, as part of national influenza surveillance programme. | 2016 | 26776115 |
| immunogenicity and efficacy of alphavirus-derived replicon vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in nonhuman primates. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are major causes of illness among children, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. no vaccine has been licensed for protection against either of these viruses. we tested the ability of two venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based viral replicon particle (vee-vrp) vaccines that express the hrsv or hmpv fusion (f) protein to confer protection against hrsv or hmpv in african green monkeys. animals immunized with vee-vrp va ... | 2016 | 26772634 |
| pediatric asthma and viral infection. | respiratory viral infections, particularly respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus, are the most importance risk factors for the onset of wheezing in infants and small children. bronchiolitis is the most common acute respiratory infection in children under 1year of age, and the most common cause of hospitalization in this age group. rsv accounts for approximately 70% of all these cases, followed by rhinovirus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus and bocavirus. the association between bronchioli ... | 2016 | 26766408 |
| comprehensive real-time epidemiological data from respiratory infections in finland between 2010 and 2014 obtained from an automated and multianalyte maripoc® respiratory pathogen test. | respiratory viruses cause seasonal epidemics every year. several respiratory pathogens are circulating simultaneously and typical symptoms of different respiratory infections are alike, meaning it is challenging to identify and diagnose different respiratory pathogens based on symptoms alone. maripoc® is an automated, multianalyte antigen test which allows the rapid detection of nine respiratory infection pathogens [influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovi ... | 2016 | 26740322 |
| etiology and factors associated with pneumonia in children under 5 years of age in mali: a prospective case-control study. | there are very limited data on children with pneumonia in mali. the objective was to assess the etiology and factors associated with community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children <5 years of age in mali. | 2015 | 26696249 |
| performance of direct immunofluorescence assay for the detection of human metapneumovirus under clinical laboratory settings. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an emergent human respiratory pathogen. this study aimed to evaluate the performance of direct immunofluorescence (dif) to detect hmpv in a clinical laboratory setting. | 2015 | 26676503 |
| therapeutic potential of n-acetylcysteine for wound healing, acute bronchiolitis, and congenital heart defects. | wound healing is a composite and vital process in which devitalized tissue layers and cellular structures repair themselves. bronchiolitis is generally prompted by respiratory syncytial virus or human metapneumovirus; this condition is an acute inflammatory injury of bronchioles. heart problems that develop before birth are known as congenital heart defects (chds), and pregestational diabetes is considered a major predisposing factor of chds. n-acetylcysteine (nac) is a transformed kind of amino ... | 2016 | 26651980 |
| sendai virus as a backbone for vaccines against rsv and other human paramyxoviruses. | human paramyxoviruses are the etiological agents for life-threatening respiratory virus infections of infants and young children. these viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the human parainfluenza viruses (hpiv1-4) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), are responsible for millions of serious lower respiratory tract infections each year worldwide. there are currently no standard treatments and no licensed vaccines for any of these pathogens. here we review research with which sendai ... | 2016 | 26648515 |
| incidence and characteristics of early childhood wheezing, dhaka, bangladesh, 2004-2010. | early childhood wheezing substantially impacts quality of life in high-income countries, but data are sparse on early childhood wheezing in low-income countries. we estimate wheezing incidence, describe wheezing phenotypes, and explore the contribution of respiratory viral illnesses among children aged <5 years in urban bangladesh. | 2016 | 26613245 |
| similar virus spectra and seasonality in paediatric patients with acute respiratory disease, ghana and germany. | epidemiological differences between tropical and temperate regions regarding viruses causing acute respiratory infection are poorly understood. this is in part because methodological differences limit the comparability of data from these two regions. using identical molecular detection methods, we tested 1174 ghanaian and 539 german children with acute respiratory infections sampled over 12 months for the 15 most common respiratory viruses by pcr. a total 43.2% of the ghanaian and 56.6% of the g ... | 2016 | 26585774 |
| adenovirus species c detection in children under four years of age with acute bronchiolitis or recurrent wheezing. | lower respiratory tract viral infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. among viral etiological agents the human adenovirus (adv) has been associated to mild or severe respiratory tract infection. | 2015 | 26580407 |
| the role of human metapneumovirus in the critically ill adult patient. | the purpose of the study is to describe the role of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection in critical illness and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). | 2016 | 26572580 |
| understanding lung immunopathology caused by the human metapneumovirus: implications for rational vaccine design. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) are the major cause of child mortality worldwide. the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is one of the leading causes of child hospitalizations due to pneumonia. the adaptive immune response generated by the host against hmpv is usually inefficient at protecting from reinfections, which is repeat throughout life, from childhood to old age. despite considerable research efforts, to date there are no licensed vaccines to prevent respiratory disease caused by hm ... | 2015 | 26559227 |
| incidence of viral respiratory infections in a prospective cohort of outpatient and hospitalized children aged ≤5 years and its associated cost in buenos aires, argentina. | although information about the incidence of viral respiratory illnesses and their associated cost can help health officials explore the value of interventions, data are limited from middle-income countries. | 2015 | 26497393 |
| encephalitis-associated human metapneumovirus pneumonia in adult, australia. | human metapneumovirus pneumonia, most commonly found in children, was diagnosed in an adult with encephalitis. this case suggests that testing for human metapneumovirus rna in nasopharyngeal aspirate and cerebrospinal fluid samples should be considered in adults with encephalitis who have a preceding respiratory infection. | 2015 | 26488420 |
| circulation of human metapneumovirus among children with influenza-like illness in wuhan, china. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a worldwide distributed pathogen of the respiratory tract. the objectives of this study were to identify hmpv infections among children with influenza-like illness (ili) in wuhan and to assess circulation patterns and molecular diversity of hmpv in this area. from july 2008 to december 2013, a total of 3,883 throat swab samples were collected from ili outpatients under 16 years old. hmpv rna was detected in 171 samples (4.40%). all the four subtypes of hmpv were i ... | 2016 | 26488078 |
| epidemiological and clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized neonates in suzhou, china. | this study was designed to explore the epidemiological and clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in neonates from the suzhou area of china, taking into consideration how climate factors influence disease. | 2015 | 26470889 |
| cross-immunity between strains explains the dynamical pattern of paramyxoviruses. | viral respiratory tract diseases pose serious public health problems. our ability to predict and thus, be able to prepare for outbreaks is strained by the complex factors driving the prevalence and severity of these diseases. the abundance of diseases and transmission dynamics of strains are not only affected by external factors, such as weather, but also driven by interactions among viruses mediated by human behavior and immunity. to untangle the complex out-of-phase annual and biennial pattern ... | 2015 | 26460003 |
| aetiological role of common respiratory viruses in acute lower respiratory infections in children under five years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | acute lower respiratory infection (alri) remains a major cause of childhood hospitalization and mortality in young children and the causal attribution of respiratory viruses in the aetiology of alri is unclear. we aimed to quantify the absolute effects of these viral exposures. | 2015 | 26445672 |
| new-onset myocarditis in an immunocompetent adult with acute metapneumovirus infection. | introduction. a number of viruses have been implicated in viral myocarditis; however, there has been no previous report of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) causing this condition. discovered in 2001, hmpv is typically associated with upper respiratory illness, mainly affecting children. case presentation. we report the case of a 25-year-old man with acute systolic heart failure from viral myocarditis secondary to the hmpv. the patient was initially admitted to the general medical ward but developed ... | 2015 | 26421018 |
| incidence, morbidity, and costs of human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) causes acute respiratory tract infections in infants and children. we sought to measure the clinical and economic burden of hmpv infection in hospitalized children. | 2016 | 26407261 |
| viral respiratory tract infections in adult patients attending outpatient and emergency departments, taiwan, 2012-2013: a pcr/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry study. | viral etiologies of respiratory tract infections (rtis) have been less studied in adult than in pediatric populations. furthermore, the ability of pcr/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-ms) to detect enteroviruses and rhinoviruses in respiratory samples has not been well evaluated. we sought to use pcr/esi-ms to comprehensively investigate the viral epidemiology of adult rtis, including testing for rhinoviruses and enteroviruses. nasopharyngeal or throat swabs from 267 adults wit ... | 2015 | 26402811 |
| acute viral respiratory infection rapidly induces a cd8+ t cell exhaustion-like phenotype. | acute viral infections typically generate functional effector cd8(+) t cells (tcd8) that aid in pathogen clearance. however, during acute viral lower respiratory infection, lung tcd8 are functionally impaired and do not optimally control viral replication. t cells also become unresponsive to ag during chronic infections and cancer via signaling by inhibitory receptors such as programmed cell death-1 (pd-1). pd-1 also contributes to tcd8 impairment during viral lower respiratory infection, but ho ... | 2015 | 26401005 |
| immune response to human metapneumovirus infection: what we have learned from the mouse model. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a leading respiratory viral pathogen associated with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and asthma exacerbation in young children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. the development of a potential vaccine against hmpv requires detailed understanding of the host immune system, which plays a significant role in hmpv pathogenesis, susceptibility and vaccine efficacy. as a result, animal models have been developed to better understand the mechanisms by which hmpv c ... | 2015 | 26393657 |
| viral etiology in infants hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis. | acute bronchiolitis is predominantly a viral disease. respiratory syncytial virus is the most common agent, but other newly identified viruses have also been considered as causes. the aim of the present study is to determine the respiratory viruses causing acute bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants. infants younger than 2 years of age who were hospitalized for acute viral bronchiolitis in a children's hospital between november 2011 and may 2012 were evaluated for the presence of viruses as etio ... | 2015 | 26388588 |
| predictors of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection in children aged <2 years in the province of quebec, canada. | young age, adverse environmental conditions and infectious agents are established risk factors of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti), whereas pneumococcal conjugate vaccines may be protective. to explore their relative role as predictors of hospitalizations under the continental climate prevailing in the province of quebec, canada, an ecological study was performed. records with a main diagnosis of lrti in children born during 2007-2010 and observed up to their second-year anniversary were ... | 2016 | 26381086 |
| targeted proteomics of human metapneumovirus in clinical samples and viral cultures. | the rapid, sensitive, and specific identification of infectious pathogens from clinical isolates is a critical need in the hospital setting. mass spectrometry (ms) has been widely adopted for identification of bacterial pathogens, although polymerase chain reaction remains the mainstay for the identification of viral pathogens. here, we explored the capability of ms for the detection of human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a common cause of respiratory tract infections in children. liquid chromatograph ... | 2015 | 26376123 |
| human metapneumovirus infection in jordanian children: epidemiology and risk factors for severe disease. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a leading cause of acute respiratory tract infection in young children. our objectives were to define hmpv epidemiology and circulating strains and determine markers of severe disease in jordanian children. | 2015 | 26372450 |
| temporal trends and factors associated with pediatric hospitalizations with respiratory infection. | asthma is the leading cause of emergency room visits in children, and those with asthma tend to suffer from more severe consequences of respiratory tract infections. the aims of this study were among children who required hospitalization, compare differences between those admitted with or without respiratory infection, describe changes in yearly proportion of asthma among the children admitted with a respiratory infection in new york city from 2006 to 2012 and ascertain how asthma affected the a ... | 2016 | 26364908 |
| the validity of clinical practice guidelines for empirical use of oseltamivir for influenza in thai children. | clinical practice guidelines for influenza have been implemented to maximise the appropriate use of empirical oseltamivir; however, good predictive values are required. | 2016 | 26293663 |
| prospective evaluation of rapid antigen tests for diagnosis of respiratory viral pathogens. | acute respiratory infection is a frequently transmitted illness of concern to doctors and patients. considering its airborne transmission, early diagnosis of such disease is particularly important. this study explored respiratory viral infections with influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, coronavirus, and other early diagnostic substances as confirmed by literature resources. this study also used the corresponding monoclonal an ... | 2015 | 26293052 |
| analytical performance of the automated multianalyte point-of-care maripoc® for the detection of respiratory viruses. | the analytical performance of maripoc® respi test (arcdia® laboratories, turku, finland) was evaluated using nucleic acid amplification techniques (naats) as the gold standard. the maripoc assay allows automated detection of antigens from 8 respiratory viruses: influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, and parainfluenza viruses 1-3. positive results from samples with high viral load are available in 20min. nasopharyngeal aspirates (n=192) from pat ... | 2015 | 26283523 |
| generation of monoclonal antibodies specific of the postfusion conformation of the pneumovirinae fusion (f) protein. | paramyxovirus entry into cells requires fusion of the viral and cell membranes mediated by one of the major virus glycoproteins, the fusion (f) glycoprotein which transits from a metastable pre-fusion conformation to a highly stable post-fusion structure during the membrane fusion process. f protein refolding involves large conformational changes of the protein trimer. one of these changes results in assembly of two heptad repeat sequences (hra and hrb) from each protomer into a six-helix bundle ... | 2015 | 26275682 |
| clinical and genetic features of human metapneumovirus infection in children. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is one of the main pathogens responsible for respiratory tract infection in children. | 2016 | 26260168 |
| community surveillance of respiratory viruses among families in the utah better identification of germs-longitudinal viral epidemiology (big-love) study. | this study: (1) describes the viral etiology of respiratory illness by prospectively collecting weekly symptom diaries and nasal swabs from families for 1 year, (2) analyzed data by reported symptoms, virus, age, and family composition, and (3) evaluated the duration of virus detection. | 2015 | 26245665 |
| influenza c virus and human metapneumovirus infections in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract illness. | a 6-month prospective study in a hospital setting detected influenza c virus and human metapneumovirus in 10.0% (29/289) and 16.6% (48/289), respectively, of children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract illness. influenza c virus infection had a similar rate of pneumonia (53.3% vs. 57.1%), significantly lower frequency of wheezing (13.3% vs. 68.6%) and higher values of white blood cell and c-reactive protein than human metapneumovirus infection. | 2015 | 26244834 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus in children with lower respiratory tract infections or influenza-like illness and its co-infection characteristics with viruses and atypical bacteria in hangzhou, china. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral pathogen in children. however, its epidemic patterns and co-infection characteristics are not fully understood. | 2015 | 26209367 |
| respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | the clinical significance of viruses detected in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is often unclear. | 2016 | 26180044 |
| role of nasopharyngeal bacteria and respiratory viruses in acute symptoms of young children. | the spectrum of acute symptoms in young outpatient children with respiratory tract infection (rti) is variable, and it cannot be explained by the diagnosis of acute otitis media (aom) versus uncomplicated rti. we studied that the variation of symptoms is explained by the nasopharyngeal bacteria and/or respiratory viruses. | 2015 | 26164848 |
| a comparison of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus who-defined severe pneumonia in moroccan children. | acute respiratory infections remain the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in moroccan children. besides bacterial infections, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are prominent among other viruses due to their high prevalence and association with severe clinical episodes. we aimed to describe and compare rsv- and hmpv-associated cases of who-defined severe pneumonia in a paediatric population admitted to morocco's reference hospital. children aged 2-59 mont ... | 2016 | 26143933 |
| google flu trends in canada: a comparison of digital disease surveillance data with physician consultations and respiratory virus surveillance data, 2010-2014. | the value of google flu trends (gft) remains unclear after it overestimated the proportion of physician visits related to influenza-like illness (ili) in the united states in 2012-2013. however, gft estimates (%gft) have not been examined nationally in canada nor compared with positivity for respiratory viruses other than influenza. for 2010-2014, we compared %gft for canada to public health agency of canada ili consultation rates (%phac) and to positivity for influenza a and b, respiratory sync ... | 2016 | 26135239 |
| serious outbreak of human metapneumovirus in patients with hematologic malignancies. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infection. in healthy subjects infections are usually mild and rarely necessitate hospitalization. however, more serious outcomes have been described for allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. this study reports an outbreak of hmpv a2 infection in severely immunocompromised adult hematologic cancer patients in a tertiary care unit. hmpv rna was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage or produced sputum from patients pr ... | 2016 | 26122193 |
| respiratory viral detections during symptomatic and asymptomatic periods in young andean children. | viruses are commonly detected in children with acute respiratory illnesses (aris) and in asymptomatic children. longitudinal studies of viral detections during asymptomatic periods surrounding ari could facilitate interpretation of viral detections but are currently scant. | 2015 | 26121205 |
| human metapneumovirus infection is associated with severe respiratory disease in preschool children with history of prematurity. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered respiratory pathogen of the family paramyxoviridae, the same family as that of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). premature children are at high risk of severe rsv infections, however, it is unclear whether hmpv infection is more severe in hospitalized children with a history of severe prematurity. | 2016 | 26117550 |
| incidence and risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections among children in the remote highlands of peru. | the disease burden and risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (mpv) infections among children living in remote, rural areas remain unclear. | 2015 | 26107630 |
| human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), a paramyxovirus identified in 2001, is a leading cause of respiratory tract infections in both children and adults. seroprevalence studies demonstrate that the primary infection occurs before the age of 5 years, and humans are reinfected throughout life. the four subgroups of hmpv occur with year-to-year variability, and infection with one subgroup confers some serologic cross-protection. experimental vaccines elicit a humoral response in both animal and human model ... | 2014 | 26104361 |
| premature infants have impaired airway antiviral ifnγ responses to human metapneumovirus compared to respiratory syncytial virus. | it is unknown why human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cause severe respiratory infection in children, particularly in premature infants. our aim was to investigate if there are defective airway antiviral responses to these viruses in young children with history of prematurity. | 2015 | 26086642 |
| oseltamivir in influenza outbreaks in care homes: challenges and benefits of use in the real world. | respiratory virus infections, including influenza, are an important cause of potentially avoidable hospital admissions in the elderly. although recent reviews have questioned the efficacy of oseltamivir in the prevention of transmission, it has been a central part of the authors' strategy to manage outbreaks in residential homes. | 2015 | 26071039 |
| lung cd8+ t cell impairment occurs during human metapneumovirus infection despite virus-like particle induction of functional cd8+ t cells. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a major cause of respiratory disease in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals worldwide. there is currently no licensed hmpv vaccine. virus-like particles (vlps) are an attractive vaccine candidate because they are noninfectious and elicit a neutralizing antibody response. however, studies show that serum neutralizing antibodies are insufficient for complete protection against reinfection and that adaptive t cell immunity is important for viral c ... | 2015 | 26063431 |
| new approaches for immunization and therapy against human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus discovered in 2001 in the netherlands. studies have identified hmpv as an important causative agent of acute respiratory disease in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. clinical signs of infection range from mild upper respiratory illness to more serious lower respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. there are currently no licensed therapeutics or vaccines against hmpv. however, several research groups have te ... | 2015 | 26063237 |
| viral respiratory infections of adults in the intensive care unit. | viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) are an underappreciated cause of critical illness in adults. recent advances in viral detection techniques over the past decade have demonstrated viral lrtis are associated with rates of morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization comparable to those of seen with bacterial community acquired and nosocomial pneumonias. in this review, we describe the relationship between viral lrtis and critical illness, as well as discuss relevant clinical f ... | 2016 | 25990273 |
| differential mucin expression by respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infection in human epithelial cells. | mucins (muc) constitute an important component of the inflammatory and innate immune response. however, the expression of these molecules by respiratory viral infections is still largely unknown. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are two close-related paramyxoviruses that can cause severe low respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. currently, there is not vaccine available for neither virus. in this work, we explored the differential ex ... | 2015 | 25977598 |
| association of respiratory viruses with outcomes of severe childhood pneumonia in botswana. | the highest incidence of childhood acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) is in low- and middle-income countries. few studies examined whether detection of respiratory viruses predicts alri outcomes in these settings. | 2015 | 25973924 |
| what we have learned from the influenza a ph1n1 2009/10 pandemic: high clinical impact of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized pediatric patients. | the influenza pandemic in 2009/2010 shifted public awareness to respiratory tract infections caused by the influenza virus. a prospective study was conducted during the influenza pandemic from november 2009 through april 2010 to determine the causative pathogens and clinical symptoms present in all children and adolescents admitted to the university children's hospital, duesseldorf, germany, with signs and symptoms of respiratory tract infection. a total of 272 children and adolescents were admi ... | 2016 | 25971322 |
| mitochondrial antiviral-signalling protein plays an essential role in host immunity against human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a common cause of respiratory tract infection in the paediatrics population. recently, we and others have shown that retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (rig-i)-like receptors (rlrs) are essential for hmpv-induced cellular antiviral signalling. however, the contribution of those receptors to host immunity against pulmonary hmpv infection is largely unexplored. in this study, mice deficient in mitochondrial antiviral-signalling protein (mavs), an adaptor of rlrs, were u ... | 2015 | 25953917 |
| clinical features of human metapneumovirus genotypes in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in changsha, china. | to explore the epidemiological and clinical features of different human metapneumovirus (hmpv) genotypes in hospitalized children. reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) or pcr was employed to screen for both hmpv and other common respiratory viruses in 2613 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens collected from children with lower respiratory tract infections from september 2007 to february 2011 (a period of 3.5 years). the demographics and clinical presentations of patients infecte ... | 2015 | 25950091 |
| what is the added benefit of oropharyngeal swabs compared to nasal swabs alone for respiratory virus detection in hospitalized children aged <10 years? | we evaluated the added value of collecting both nasal and oropharyngeal swabs, compared with collection of nasal swabs alone, for detection of common respiratory viruses by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in hospitalized children aged <10 years. nasal swabs had equal or greater sensitivity than oropharyngeal swabs for detection of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and influenza virus but not parainfluenza virus. the addition of an orophar ... | 2015 | 25943205 |
| clinical and virological characteristics of early and moderate preterm infants readmitted with viral respiratory infections. | rehospitalization of children born prematurely (referred to as preterm children) caused by severe respiratory infections is common. most studies have focused on respiratory syncytial virus infection. we designed a study to determine the virological and clinical characteristics of severe respiratory infections of children born early (<32 weeks) and moderate preterm (32 to 36 weeks), and compared them with full term (ft; ≥37 weeks) children who were subsequently admitted with respiratory illness. | 2015 | 25923427 |