| zika virus infection associated with congenital birth defects in a hiv-infected pregnant woman. | we describe a case of zika virus infection acquired during the first trimester in a hiv-infected pregnant woman that led to multiple fetal malformations and fetal demise in rio de janeiro, brazil. | 2016 | 27997515 |
| [what do we konw about the zika virus?] | zika virus (hiv) was first identified in 1947 and upto 2007 the infections in humans have been reported sporadically. currently, the world health organization warns that the rapid spread of the virus zika in both americas and an increase in the number of children born with microcephaly in these regions begins to be a serious epidemiological problem. known ways of spreading this rna virus of the flaviviridae family is: with blood, sexual, vertical and even breast feeding. currently used diagnosti ... | 2017 | 27717945 |
| progressive lesions of central nervous system in microcephalic fetuses with suspected congenital zika virus syndrome. | our aim was to describe the pattern and progression of central nervous system (cns) lesions of microcephalic fetuses with suspected zika virus (zikv) infection. | 2016 | 27644020 |
| what is new in infectious diseases? | the practice of infectious diseases is an ever-changing discipline. diseases such as syphilis and tuberculosis have been with mankind for millennia, whereas conditions such as aids and zika virus are relatively new maladies. a working knowledge of clinical presentations associated with zika virus infection, syphilis, and common parasitic infections will help the primary care provider determine whom to treat and whom to refer to a specialist. increasing the use of vaccination for influenza and pr ... | 2016 | 27621340 |
| forging collaborative relationships in brazil: from aids to zikv. | the zika virus (zikv) outbreak has stimulated collaborations between brazilians, researchers from other south american countries, and scientists from around the world. the brazilian response to the hiv/aids epidemic demonstrates capabilities that can be applied to the study of zikv and provides lessons for developing effective international infectious disease research collaborations. | 2016 | 27368092 |
| first case of zika virus infection in a hiv+ patient. | zika virus is an enveloped, single-stranded rna virus that belongs to the flavivirus genre. as with arbovirus, it is transmitted by arthropods (mosquitoes), both aedes aegypti (urban) and albopictus (rural). zika virus was first isolated in 1947 from monkeys in uganda. the first human cases were reported in 1952 in east africa. outbreaks were reported in micronesia (2007), polynesia (2013), and chile (2014). both diagnostic procedures and therapeutics are poorly developed. serological tests cros ... | 2017 | 27232506 |
| first detection of autochthonous zika virus transmission in a hiv-infected patient in rio de janeiro, brazil. | since may 2015, brazil's ministry of health has reported autochthonous transmission of zika virus (zikv) in some states of the country. simultaneous circulation of dengue, chikungunya and zikv in the country hinder both the diagnosis and the therapeutic approach of patients seeking care with acute febrile illnesses especially in patients with comorbidities. the association between hiv infection and endemic diseases has been described especially in tropical regions with varying levels of complica ... | 2016 | 26615388 |
| optimal dose of vitamin d3 400 i.u. for average adults has a significant anti-cancer effect, while widely used 2000 i.u. or higher promotes cancer: marked reduction of taurine & 1α, 25(oh)2d3 was found in various cancer tissues and oral intake of optimal dose of taurine 175mg for average adults, rather than 500mg, was found to be a new potentially safe and more effective method of cancer treatment. | during the past 10 years, the author had found that the optimal dose of vitamin d3 400 i.u. has safe & effective anticancer effects, while commonly used 2000-5000 i.u. of vit. d3 often creates a 2-3 time increase in cancer markers. we examined the concentration of taurine in normal internal organs and in cancer using bi-digital o-ring test. we found that taurine levels in normal tissue are 4-6ng. but, the amount of taurine of average normal value of 5.0-5.25ng was strikingly reduced to 0.0025-0. ... | 2016 | 27244952 |
| description of the first cases of zika virus fever investigated in municipalities of the brazilian northeastern region, 2015. | to confirm zika virus circulation and discard other etiological agents in an outbreak occurred in the states of rio grande do norte, maranhão and paraíba, in may, 2015. | 2016 | 27869981 |
| waiting in the wings: the potential of mosquito transmitted flaviviruses to emerge. | the sudden dramatic emergence of the mosquito transmitted flavivirus zika virus has bought to the world's attention a relatively obscure virus that was previously only known to specialist researchers. the genus flavivirus of the family flaviviridae contains a number of well-known mosquito transmitted human pathogenic viruses including the dengue, yellow fever, japanese encephalitis and west nile viruses. however, the genus also contains a number of lesser known human pathogenic viruses transmitt ... | 2016 | 27800692 |
| visualization of a neurotropic flavivirus infection in mouse reveals unique viscerotropism controlled by host type i interferon signaling. | flavivirus includes a large group of human pathogens with medical importance. especially, neurotropic flaviviruses capable of invading central and peripheral nervous system, e.g. japanese encephalitis virus (jev) and zika virus (zikv), are highly pathogenic to human and constitute major global health problems. however, the dynamic dissemination and pathogenesis of neurotropic flavivirus infections remain largely unknown. here, using jev as a model, we rationally designed and constructed a recomb ... | 2017 | 28382163 |
| crystal structure of full-length zika virus ns5 protein reveals a conformation similar to japanese encephalitis virus ns5. | the rapid spread of the recent zika virus (zikv) epidemic across various countries in the american continent poses a major health hazard for the unborn fetuses of pregnant women. to date, there is no effective medical intervention. the nonstructural protein 5 of zika virus (zikv-ns5) is critical for zikv replication through the 5'-rna capping and rna polymerase activities present in its n-terminal methyltransferase (mtase) and c-terminal rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) domains, respectively. ... | 2017 | 28291746 |
| antiviral activity of peptide inhibitors derived from the protein e stem against japanese encephalitis and zika viruses. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) and zika virus (zikv) are mosquito-borne viruses of the flavivirus genus that cause viral encephalitis and congenital microcephaly, respectively, in humans, and thus present a risk to global public health. the envelope glycoprotein (e protein) of flaviviruses is a class ii viral fusion protein that mediates host cell entry through a series of conformational changes, including association between the stem region and domain ii leading to virion-target cell membran ... | 2017 | 28232248 |
| utility of japanese encephalitis virus subgenomic replicon-based single-round infectious particles as antigens in neutralization tests for zika virus and three other flaviviruses. | the introduction of a foreign virus into an area may cause an outbreak, as with the zika virus (zikv) outbreak in the americas. preparedness for handling a viral outbreak involves the development of tests for the serodiagnosis of foreign virus infections. we previously established a gene-based technology to generate some flaviviral antigens useful for functional antibody assays. the technology utilizes a japanese encephalitis virus subgenomic replicon to generate single-round infectious particle ... | 2017 | 28219763 |
| predicting zika virus structural biology: challenges and opportunities for intervention. | zika virus is an emerging crisis as infection is implicated in severe neurological disorders-guillain-barré syndrome and fetal microcephaly. there are currently no treatment options available for zika virus infection. this virus is part of the flavivirus genus and closely related to dengue fever virus, west nile virus, and japanese encephalitis virus. like other flaviviruses, the zika virus genome encodes three structural proteins (capsid, precursor membrane, and envelope) and seven nonstructura ... | 2015 | 27296393 |
| re-emergence of zika virus: a review on pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. | zika virus (zkv) is an arbovirus of the flaviviridae family, which includes west nile, dengue fever, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis virus. it is transmitted by the aedes genus of mosquitoes. before 2015, zkv outbreaks occurred in areas of africa, the pacific islands, and southeast asia. the current large outbreak, which began in brazil, has also emerged throughout a large part of south/central america, a number of islands in the caribbean, including puerto rico, the virgin islands, and ... | 2016 | 26994509 |
| acute fetal demise with first trimester maternal infection resulting from listeria monocytogenes in a nonhuman primate model. | infection with listeria monocytogenes during pregnancy is associated with miscarriage, preterm birth, and neonatal complications, including sepsis and meningitis. while the risk of these conditions is thought to be greatest during the third trimester of pregnancy, the determinants of fetoplacental susceptibility to infection, the contribution of gestational age, and the in vivo progression of disease at the maternal-fetal interface are poorly understood. we developed a nonhuman primate model of ... | 2017 | 28223455 |
| dampened antiviral immunity to intravaginal exposure to rna viral pathogens allows enhanced viral replication. | understanding the host immune response to vaginal exposure to rna viruses is required to combat sexual transmission of this class of pathogens. in this study, using lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) and zika virus (zikv) in wild-type mice, we show that these viruses replicate in the vaginal mucosa with minimal induction of antiviral interferon and inflammatory response, causing dampened innate-mediated control of viral replication and a failure to mature local antigen-presenting cells (a ... | 2016 | 27852793 |
| prenatal brain mri of fetuses with zika virus infection. | an outbreak of zika virus was observed in french polynesia in 2013-2014. maternal zika virus infection has been associated with fetal microcephaly and severe cerebral damage. | 2016 | 27090801 |
| autoimmunity in guillain-barré syndrome associated with zika virus infection and beyond. | autoimmune diseases share common immunopathogenic mechanisms (i.e., the autoimmune tautology), which explain the clinical similarities among them as well as their familial clustering. guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), an autoimmune peripheral neuropathy, has been recently associated with zika virus (zikv) infection. based on a series of cases, this review article provides a comparative analysis of gbs associated with zikv infection, contrasted with the general characteristics of gbs in light of the ... | 2017 | 28216074 |
| declining malaria, rising of dengue and zika virus: insights for mosquito vector control. | the fight against mosquito-borne diseases is a challenge of huge public health importance. to our mind, 2015 was an extraordinary year for malaria control, due to three hot news: the nobel prize to youyou tu for the discovery of artemisinin, the development of the first vaccine against plasmodium falciparum malaria [i.e. rts,s/as01 (rts,s)], and the fall of malaria infection rates worldwide, with special reference to sub-saharan africa. however, there are major challenges that still deserve atte ... | 2016 | 26932263 |
| a review of recommendations on the safe and effective use of topical mosquito repellents. | mosquito-borne disease is an annual problem in australia, with endemic pathogens such as ross river virus infecting thousands of people each year. the recent emergence of zika virus in south america and the pacific, together with ongoing outbreaks of dengue viruses in southeast asia, generated great community interest in the most effective strategies to avoid mosquito bites. large-scale mosquito control programs are not common in australia and are limited in new south wales (nsw). the use of top ... | 2016 | 27997936 |
| a sensitive one-step taqman amplification approach for detection of rubella virus clade i and ii genotypes in clinical samples. | although teratogenic rubella virus (rv) causes a vaccine-preventable disease, it is still endemic in several countries worldwide. thus, there is a constant risk of rv importation into non-endemic areas. rv monitoring, especially during measles and zika virus outbreaks, requires reliable diagnostic tools. for this study, a taqman-based one-step reverse transcription-quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) assay, with the p90 gene as a novel and so far unexplored target for detection of clade i and ii genotype ... | 2017 | 27807657 |
| zika virus - reigniting the torch. | the recent association between zika virus (zikv) infection during pregnancy and fetal microcephaly has led to a renewed interest in the mechanisms by which vertically transmitted microorganisms reach the fetus and cause congenital disease. in this opinion article, we provide an overview of the structure and cellular composition of the human placenta and of the mechanisms by which traditional 'torch' pathogens (toxoplasma gondii, other, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus) acc ... | 2016 | 27573577 |
| yeast help identify cytopathic factors of zika virus. | accumulating evidence implicates zika virus (zikv) in pathogenesis of microcephaly in newborns and guillain-barré syndrome in adults. however, it remains unclear which viral proteins are responsible for these effects and what are the underlying mechanisms of their pathogenic activity. a recent paper by drs. zhao and gallo, and their colleagues at university of maryland in baltimore used fission yeast for genome-wide analysis of zikv proteins. they demonstrated cytopathogenic activity for seven z ... | 2017 | 28239447 |
| characterization of cytopathic factors through genome-wide analysis of the zika viral proteins in fission yeast. | the zika virus (zikv) causes microcephaly and the guillain-barré syndrome. little is known about how zikv causes these conditions or which zikv viral protein(s) is responsible for the associated zikv-induced cytopathic effects, including cell hypertrophy, growth restriction, cell-cycle dysregulation, and cell death. we used fission yeast for the rapid, global functional analysis of the zikv genome. all 14 proteins or small peptides were produced under an inducible promoter, and we measured the i ... | 2017 | 28049830 |
| neuroteratogenic viruses and lessons for zika virus models. | the centers for disease control and prevention has confirmed that zika virus (zikv) causes congenital microcephaly. zikv now joins five other neuroteratogenic (nt) viruses in humans and zikv research is in its infancy. in addition, there is only one other nt human arbovirus (venezuelan equine encephalitis virus), which is also poorly understood. but further insight into zikv can be found by evaluating arboviruses in domestic animals, of which there are at least seven nt viruses, three of which h ... | 2016 | 27387029 |
| cutting edge: innate immune augmenting vesicular stomatitis virus expressing zika virus proteins confers protective immunity. | zika virus (zikv) has become a serious public health concern because of its link to brain damage in developing human fetuses. recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rvsv) was shown to be a highly effective and safe vector for the delivery of foreign immunogens for vaccine purposes. in this study, we generated rvsvs (wild-type and attenuated vsv with mutated matrix protein [vsvm] versions) that express either the full length zikv envelope protein (zenv) alone or include the zenv precursor to the ... | 2017 | 28289159 |
| arabidopsis hap2/gcs1 is a gamete fusion protein homologous to somatic and viral fusogens. | cell-cell fusion is inherent to sexual reproduction. loss of hapless 2/generative cell specific 1 (hap2/gcs1) proteins results in gamete fusion failure in diverse organisms, but their exact role is unclear. in this study, we show that arabidopsis thaliana hap2/gcs1 is sufficient to promote mammalian cell-cell fusion. hemifusion and complete fusion depend on hap2/gcs1 presence in both fusing cells. furthermore, expression of hap2 on the surface of pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus results in ... | 2017 | 28137780 |
| enhancement of zika virus pathogenesis by preexisting antiflavivirus immunity. | zika virus (zikv) is spreading rapidly into regions around the world where other flaviviruses, such as dengue (denv) and west nile virus (wnv) are endemic. antibody-dependent enhancement (ade) has been implicated in more severe forms of flavivirus disease, but whether this also applies to zikv infection is unclear. using convalescent plasma from denv and wnv infected individuals, we found substantial enhancement of zikv infection in vitro that was mediated through igg engagement of fcγ receptors ... | 2017 | 28360135 |
| chorioretinal lesions presumed secondary to zika virus infection in an immunocompromised adult. | zika virus has spread rapidly throughout the americas since 2015. the public health implications of zika virus infection lend special importance to identifying the virus in unsuspected hosts. | 2017 | 28278327 |
| identifying the main mosquito species in the taiwan strait using dna barcoding. | mosquitoes can transmit many types of viruses such west nile virus and zika virus and are responsible for virus-causing diseases including malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, lymphatic filariasis, and japanese b encephalitis. on january 19, 2016, the first case of zika virus infection was identified in taiwan, which presents the need for studying the mosquito species in the taiwan strait and evaluating the risk of the outbreak of this infection. in this study, we collected a total of 144 specim ... | 2017 | 28215143 |
| a mutation identified in neonatal microcephaly destabilizes zika virus ns1 assembly in vitro. | an unprecedented epidemic of zika virus (zikv) infection had spread to south and central america. zikv infection was recently confirmed by cdc (the centers for disease control and prevention) to cause neonatal microcephaly, which posed a significant public health emergency of international concern. no specific vaccines or drugs are currently available to fight zikv infection. zikv nonstructural protein 1 (ns1) plays an essential role in viral replication and immune evasion. we determined the cry ... | 2017 | 28198446 |
| structure and sequence based functional annotation of zika virus ns2b protein: computational insights. | while zika virus (zikv) outbreaks are a growing concern for global health, a deep understanding about the virus is lacking. here we report a contribution to the basic science on the virus- a detailed computational analysis of the non structural protein ns2b. this protein acts as a cofactor for the ns3 protease (ns3pro) domain that is important on the viral life cycle, and is an interesting target for drug development. we found that zikv ns2b cofactor is highly similar to other virus within the f ... | 2017 | 28188791 |
| extrinsic mavs signaling is critical for treg maintenance of foxp3 expression following acute flavivirus infection. | given the rapid spread of flaviviruses such as west nile virus (wnv) and zika virus, it is critical that we develop a complete understanding of the key mediators of an effective anti-viral response. we previously demonstrated that wnv infection of mice deficient in mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (mavs), the signaling adaptor for rna helicases such as rig-i, resulted in increased death and dysregulated immunity, which correlated with a failure of treg expansion following infection. thu ... | 2017 | 28094802 |
| emerging vector-borne diseases. | several mosquito-borne viral infections have recently emerged in north america; west nile virus is the most common in the united states. although west nile virus generally causes a self-limited, flulike febrile illness, a serious neuroinvasive form may occur. dengue is the most common vector-borne viral disease worldwide, and it has been a significant public health threat in the united states since 2009. known as breakbone fever for its severe myalgias and arthralgias, dengue may cause a hemorrh ... | 2016 | 27929218 |
| zika virus and patient blood management. | sporadic zika virus infections had only occurred in africa and asia until an outbreak in micronesia (oceania) in 2007. in 2013 to 2014, several outer pacific islands reported local outbreaks. soon thereafter, the virus was likely introduced in brazil from competing athletes from french polynesia and other countries that participated in a competition there. transmission is thought to have occurred through mosquito bites and spread to the immunologically naive population. being also a flavivirus, ... | 2017 | 27902502 |
| epa-registered repellents for mosquitoes transmitting emerging viral disease. | in many parts of the united states, mosquitoes were previously nuisance pests. however, they now represent a potential threat in the spread of viral diseases. the aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and culex species mosquitoes are endemic to the united states and together may transmit a variety of viral diseases of growing concern, including west nile virus, chikungunya, dengue fever, and zika virus. the centers for disease control and prevention and the environmental protection agency (epa) recom ... | 2016 | 27779781 |
| role of the medical examiner in zika virus and other emerging infections. | -medical examiners and coroners have long been an integral component of public health, often being the first to recognize and describe emerging infectious diseases. given their experience and access, medical examiners and coroners will provide valuable contributions to better understanding zika virus infection and its sequelae. | 2017 | 27608262 |
| zika virus in an american recreational traveler. | we report the case of a 48-year-old american traveler who presented to our clinic with diffuse rash, malaise, fatigue, fever, arthralgia, low back pain, and bilateral exudative conjunctivitis. the patient had an extensive vaccination and travel history: most notable for prior receipt of yellow fever vaccine; extensive travel or residence in areas endemic for dengue, chikungunya, and west nile virus; and recent travel to french polynesia. clinical and laboratory findings were consistent with zika ... | 2015 | 25996909 |
| rplp1 and rplp2 are essential flavivirus host factors that promote early viral protein accumulation. | the flavivirus genus contains several arthropod-borne viruses that pose global health threats, including dengue viruses (denv), yellow fever virus (yfv), and zika virus (zikv). in order to understand how these viruses replicate in human cells, we previously conducted genome-scale rna interference screens to identify candidate host factors. in these screens, we identified ribosomal proteins rplp1 and rplp2 (rplp1/2) to be among the most crucial putative host factors required for denv and yfv infe ... | 2017 | 27974556 |
| 'another vector borne challenge to combat- zika virus outbreaks'. | zika virus is a single-stranded rna virus of the flaviviridae family. it is known to transmit to humans primarily through the bite of an infected aedes species mosquito which is also known to carry dengue, chikungunya & yellow fever virus. transmission is anthroponotic (human-to-vector-to-human) during outbreaks, perinatally in utero, sexually and via infected blood transfusion. it is mild and self-limiting infection lasting for several days to a week. however, it is suspected as a cause of guil ... | 2016 | 27323600 |
| zika virus in brazil and the danger of infestation by aedes (stegomyia) mosquitoes. | zika virus, already widely distributed in africa and asia, was recently reported in two northeastern brazilian: state of bahia and state of rio grande do norte, and one southeastern: state of são paulo. this finding adds a potentially noxious virus to a list of several other viruses that are widely transmitted by aedes (stegomyia) aegypti and aedes (stegomyia) albopictus in brazil. the pathology and epidemiology, including the distribution and vectors associated with zika virus, are reviewed. th ... | 2016 | 26689277 |
| vaccine development for emerging virulent infectious diseases. | the recent outbreak of zaire ebola virus in west africa altered the classical paradigm of vaccine development and that for emerging infectious diseases (eids) in general. in this paper, the precepts of vaccine discovery and advancement through pre-clinical and clinical assessment are discussed in the context of the recent ebola virus, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), and zika virus outbreaks. clinical trial design for diseases with high mortality rates and/or high morbidi ... | 2017 | 28216184 |
| transmission of zika virus through breast milk and other breastfeeding-related bodily-fluids: a systematic review. | zika virus (zikv) infection is an emerging mosquito-borne disease, which is associated with an increase in central nervous system malformations and newborn microcephaly cases. this review investigated evidence of breastfeeding transmission from zikv-infected mothers to their children and the presence of zikv infection in breastfeeding-related fluids. | 2017 | 28394887 |
| a live-attenuated zika virus vaccine candidate induces sterilizing immunity in mouse models. | zika virus (zikv) infection of pregnant women can cause a wide range of congenital abnormalities, including microcephaly, in the infant, a condition now collectively known as congenital zikv syndrome. a vaccine to prevent or significantly attenuate viremia in pregnant women who are residents of or travelers to epidemic or endemic regions is needed to avert congenital zikv syndrome, and might also help to suppress epidemic transmission. here we report on a live-attenuated vaccine candidate that c ... | 2017 | 28394328 |
| [zika virus infection in pregnancy]. | the zika virus is a flavivirus spread by mosquitoes. its primary vectors are the aedes aegypti and the aedes albopictus. before 2007 it sporadically caused benign morbidity. since 2015, it started spreading "explosively" in america, especially in brazil. in august 2016 they reported cases from new york and poland, too. most of the infections don't produce any symptoms, but can cause grave complications. the most important lesion is microcephalia that forms in fetuses. microcephalia's most seriou ... | 2017 | 28393598 |
| zika virus detected in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood in an in vitro fertilization-conceived pregnancy in venezuela. | to describe the consequences of zika virus infection at 10 weeks of gestation in an ivf-conceived pregnancy in venezuela. | 2017 | 28390691 |
| new records of aedes aegypti in southern oklahoma, 2016. | aedes aegypti is an important subtropical vector species and is predicted to have a limited year-round distribution in the southern united states. collection of the species has not been officially verified in oklahoma since 1940. adult mosquitoes were collected in 42 sites across 7 different cities in oklahoma using 3 different mosquito traps between may and september 2016. between july and september 2016, 88 ae. aegypti adults were collected at 18 different sites in 4 different cities across so ... | 2017 | 28388329 |
| computational identification of mutually homologous zika virus mirnas that target microcephaly genes. | background zika virus (zikv) has been associated with a variety of neuropathologies, including microcephaly. we hypothesize that zikv genes activate host micrornas (mirnas) causing dysfunctional development of human fetal brains. objectives/methods a bioinformatics search for mirna genome-wide binding sites in the prototypic zikv (strain mr766) was undertaken to hunt for mirnas with significant similarities with mcph genetic sequences responsible for inducing mchp in human fetal brains. results ... | 2017 | 28385119 |
| vital signs: update on zika virus-associated birth defects and evaluation of all u.s. infants with congenital zika virus exposure - u.s. zika pregnancy registry, 2016. | in collaboration with state, tribal, local, and territorial health departments, cdc established the u.s. zika pregnancy registry (uszpr) in early 2016 to monitor pregnant women with laboratory evidence of possible recent zika virus infection and their infants. | 2017 | 28384133 |
| potential mechanisms of zika-linked microcephaly. | a recent outbreak of zika virus (zikv) in brazil is associated with microcephaly in infants born of infected mothers. as this pandemic spreads, rapid scientific investigation is shedding new light on how prenatal infection with zikv causes microcephaly. in this analysis we provide an overview of both microcephaly and zikv, explore the connection between prenatal zikv infection and microcephaly, and highlight recent insights into how prenatal zikv infection depletes the pool of neural progenitors ... | 2017 | 28383800 |
| sensitivity and kinetics of a ns1-based zika virus elisa in zika infected travelers from israel, czech republic, italy, belgium, germany and chile. | serological diagnosis of zika virus is challenging due to high cross-reactivity of zika virus with other flavivirus antibodies. recently, a zika-ns1 based elisa was developed and shown to be highly specific for zika antibodies detection; however, sensitivity was evaluated for only a small number of confirmed zika infected patients. in this study we measured the sensitivity and kinetics of zika igm and igg antibodies by the zika-ns1 based elisa in 105 samples from 63 returning-travelers infected ... | 2017 | 28381608 |
| correction: zika virus infection of rhesus macaques leads to viral persistence in multiple tissues. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006219.]. | 2017 | 28380070 |
| emergence of zika virus epidemic and the national response in jamaica. | jamaica, along with the americas, experienced major epidemics of arboviral diseases transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito in recent years. these include dengue fever in 2012, chikungunya fever in 2014 and zika virus infection (zikv) in 2016. we present the emergence of the zikv epidemic in jamaica and outline the national response. | 2016 | 28375542 |
| unravelling the paediatric and perinatal zika virus epidemic through population-based research. | zika virus epidemic now involves 72 countries, worldwide. transmission is multimodal through mosquito bites and blood and body fluids. zika virus causes guillain barre syndrome syndrome and pregnancy complications including perinatal microcephaly. diagnosis is complicated by subclinical infection in 80%, co-circulation with dengue and chikungunya fevers with similar presentations and cross-reactivity in serological tests. there is no cure, or preventive vaccine. large population-based studies wi ... | 2016 | 28375541 |
| zika virus evades interferon-mediated antiviral response through the co-operation of multiple nonstructural proteins in vitro. | type i interferon (ifn) serves as the first line of defense against invading pathogens. inhibition of ifn-triggered signaling cascade by zika virus (zikv) plays a critical role for zikv to evade antiviral responses from host cells. here we demonstrate that zikv nonstructural proteins ns1, ns4b and ns2b3 inhibit the induction of ifn and downstream ifn-stimulated genes through diverse strategies. ns1 and ns4b of zikv inhibit ifnβ signaling at tank-binding kinase 1 level, whereas ns2b-ns3 of zikv i ... | 2017 | 28373913 |
| fetal imaging, other infectious diseases screening of fetus with zika virus infection and the need for long-term follow-up. | | 2017 | 28372868 |
| zika virus on youtube: an analysis of english-language video content by source. | the purpose of this study was to describe the source, length, number of views, and content of the most widely viewed zika virus (zikv)-related youtube videos. we hypothesized that zikv-related videos uploaded by different sources contained different content. | 2017 | 28372356 |
| zika infection and the development of neurological defects. | starting with the outbreak in brazil, zika virus (zikv) infection has been correlated with severe syndromes such as congenital zika syndrome (czs) and guillain- barré syndrome (gbs). here we review the status of zika virus pathogenesis in the central nervous system (cns). one of the main concerns about zikv exposure during pregnancy is abnormal brain development, which results in microcephaly in newborns. recent advances in in vitro research show that zikv can infect and obliterate cells from th ... | 2017 | 28370966 |
| zika virus infection and cervical cytology specimen. | | 2017 | 28370583 |
| zika virus: a public health threat. | the resurgence of zika virus as public health emergency of an international concern with increased incidence of microcephaly has drawn attention of scientific community for its detailed understanding with regard to virus evolution, epidemiology, geographical spread, pathogenesis, etc. the scope of the present review is to discuss the detailed updated information in respect of zika virus evolution since its inception. this article is protected by copyright. all rights reserved. | 2017 | 28369961 |
| the first isolation of zika virus from a japanese patient who returned to japan from fiji in 2016. | outbreaks of zika virus (zikv) infection in tropical and subtropical regions are cause of worldwide concern and represents a public health emergency. zikv was isolated from a 17-year-old patient with fever and maculopapular rash. the patient returned to japan from the republic of fiji in late april 2016. the complete genome sequence of the zikv isolate, zikv/hu/s36/chiba/2016, which might be the first strain to be isolated in japan, was determined and reported. | 2017 | 28367888 |
| structural analysis and insight into zika virus ns5 mediated interferon inhibition. | the zika virus outbreak in 2015-2016 is the largest of its kind for which who declared a public health emergency of international concerns. no fda approved drug is available for the treatment of the viral infection. the interaction of flavivirus ns5 protein with siah2 ubiquitin ligase has been previously known. ns5 of zika virus has been implicated in the degradation of stat2 protein, which activates interferon-stimulated antiviral activity. based on our proposition that ns5 utilizes siah2-media ... | 2017 | 28365387 |
| preface - emerging viruses: from early detection to intervention. | in the last decades, several viruses emerged, as the consequence of cross-species passage from animal reservoirs to human being. emerging infections always represent a significant challenge for public health system as knowledge about specific pathogens are generally little while and no/few effective interventions are available. in this volume we explored special aspects of emerging infectious diseases including: the application of the theory of focality of diseases to infective syndrome; the hum ... | 2017 | 28364363 |
| zika virus infects human fetal brain microglia and induces inflammation. | the unprecedented reemergence of zika virus (zikv) has startled the world with reports of increased microcephaly in brazil. zikv can infect human neural progenitors and impair brain growth. however, direct evidence of zikv infection in human fetal brain tissues remains elusive. | 2017 | 28362944 |
| knowledge, attitudes, and practices about the prevention of mosquito bites and zika virus disease in pregnant women in greece. | a survey among 573 pregnant women in greece was conducted through self-completion of a questionnaire in july 2016. traveling abroad the last six months was declared by 10.5% and 13.0% of pregnant women and their male sex partners, respectively, while 77.4% (441/570) had heard about zika virus disease (zvd). a lack of knowledge about sexual transmission of zvd was identified in 63.3% of pregnant women, and 24.1% of responders did not know the risks to the fetus and baby. approximately 73% of resp ... | 2017 | 28362340 |
| determination of the cell permissiveness spectrum, mode of rna replication, and rna-protein interaction of zika virus. | two lineages of zika virus (zikv) have been classified according to the phylogenetic analysis: african and asian lineages. it is unclear whether differences exist between the two strains in host cell permissiveness, this information is important for understanding viral pathogenesis and designing anti-viral strategies. | 2017 | 28359304 |
| zika virus transmission - region of the americas, may 15, 2015-december 15, 2016. | zika virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus that can cause rash with fever, emerged in the region of the americas on easter island, chile, in 2014 and in northeast brazil in 2015 (1). in response, in may 2015, the pan american health organization (paho), which serves as the regional office of the americas for the world health organization (who), issued recommendations to enhance surveillance for zika virus. subsequently, brazilian investigators reported guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), which had been ... | 2017 | 28358795 |
| structural basis of zika virus methyltransferase inhibition by sinefungin. | zika virus is considered a major global threat to human kind. here, we present a crystal structure of one of its essential enzymes, the methyltransferase, with the inhibitor sinefungin. this structure, together with previously solved structures with bound substrates, will provide the information needed for rational inhibitor design. based on the structural data we suggest the modification of the adenine moiety of sinefungin to increase selectivity and to covalently link it to a gtp analogue, to ... | 2017 | 28357511 |
| inhibition of zika virus by wolbachia in aedes aegypti. | through association with cases of microcephaly in 2015, zika virus (zikv) has transitioned from a relatively unknown mosquito-transmitted pathogen to a global health emergency, emphasizing the need to improve existing mosquito control programs to prevent future disease outbreaks. the response to zika must involve a paradigm shift from traditional to novel methods of mosquito control, and according to the world health organization should incorporate the release of mosquitoes infected with the bac ... | 2016 | 28357366 |
| does zika virus cause microcephaly - applying the bradford hill viewpoints. | zika virus has been documented since 1952, but been associated with mild, self-limiting disease. zika virus is classified as an arbovirus from a family of flaviviridae and primarily spread by aedes aegypti mosquitos. however, in a large outbreak in brazil in 2015, zika virus has been associated with microcephaly. | 2017 | 28357156 |
| erratum for weger-lucarelli et al., "development and characterization of recombinant virus generated from a new world zika virus infectious clone". | | 2017 | 28356496 |
| axl is not essential for zika virus infection in the mouse brain. | | 2017 | 28352123 |
| zika virus ns5 protein potential inhibitors: an enhanced in silico approach in drug discovery. | the re-emerging zika virus is an arthropod-borne virus that has been described to have explosive potential as a worldwide pandemic. the initial transmission of the virus was through a mosquito vector, however, evolving modes of transmission has allowed the spread of the disease over continents. the virus has already been linked to irreversible chronic central nervous system (cns) conditions. the concerns of the scientific and clinical community are the consequences of zika viral mutations, thus ... | 2017 | 28351337 |
| host-virus interaction of zika virus in modulating disease pathogenesis. | the zika virus (zikv) is a newly emerging pathogen that has resulted in a worldwide epidemic. it primarily spreads either through infected aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitos leading to severe neurological disorders such as microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome in susceptible individuals. the mode of zikv entry into specific cell types such as: epidermal keratinocytes, fibroblasts, immature dendritic cells (idcs), and stem-cell-derived human neural progenitors has been determined thro ... | 2017 | 28349242 |
| zika virus infection as an unexpected finding in a leptospirosis patient. | areas where leptospirosis and arboviruses are endemic largely overlap in the tropics. however, the number of arbovirus infections is usually much higher. the initial clinical presentation can be highly confusing; therefore, laboratory confirmation is key to an accurate diagnosis. | 2016 | 28348757 |
| zika virus: a race in search for antivirals. | zika virus (zikv), a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, was an almost neglected pathogen until its introduction in the americas in 2015, and its subsequent explosive spread throughout the continent, where it has infected millions of people. the virus has caused social and sanitary alarm, mainly due to its association with severe neurological disorders (guillain-barré syndrome, and microcephaly in fetus and newborns). nowadays, no specific antiviral therapy is available against zikv. however, ... | 2017 | 28348160 |
| guillain-barré syndrome during the zika virus outbreak in sucre, colombia, 2016. | | 2017 | 28347781 |
| the structure of zika virus ns5 reveals a conserved domain conformation. | the recent outbreak of zika virus (zikv) has imposed a serious threat to public health. here we report the crystal structure of the zikv ns5 protein in complex with s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine, in which the tandem methyltransferase (mtase) and rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) domains stack into one of the two alternative conformations of flavivirus ns5 proteins. the activity of this ns5 protein is verified through a de novo rdrp assay on a subgenomic zikv rna template. importantly, our structur ... | 2017 | 28345600 |
| temporal patterns and geographic heterogeneity of zika virus (zikv) outbreaks in french polynesia and central america. | zika virus (zikv) transmission has been reported in 67 countries/territories in the oceania region and the americas since 2015, prompting the world health organization (who) to declare zikv as a public health emergency of international concern in february 2016, due to its strong association with medical complications such as microcephaly and guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). however, a substantial gap in knowledge still exists regarding differing temporal pattern and potential of transmission of zi ... | 2017 | 28344900 |
| a series of zika virus cases imported into the uk 2016: comparative epidemiological and clinical features. | | 2017 | 28344115 |
| propagation of brazilian zika virus strains in static and suspension cultures using vero and bhk cells. | the recent spread of zika virus (zikv) in the americas and the pacific has reached alarming levels in more than 60 countries. however, relatively little is known about the disease on a virological and epidemiological level and its consequences for humans. accordingly, a large demand for in vitro derived brazilian zikv material to support in vitro and in vivo studies has arisen. however, a prompt supply of zikv and zikv antigens cannot be guaranteed as the production of this virus typically using ... | 2017 | 28343780 |
| zika virus and pregnant women: a psychological approach. | zika virus presents risk of physical harm to pregnant women, but the fear of infection is also affecting women around the world. there is a gap in the research on zika virus in the areas involving the impact on the psychosocial well-being of pregnant women. therefore, this study is aimed at the investigation of the psychosocial adjustment of pregnant women to the risks of zika virus infection during pregnancy. we investigated 14 pregnant women who were classified in three different groups: six i ... | 2017 | 28343414 |
| localized surface plasmon resonance-mediated fluorescence signals in plasmonic nanoparticle-quantum dot hybrids for ultrasensitive zika virus rna detection via hairpin hybridization assays. | the current epidemic caused by the zika virus (zikv) and the devastating effects of this virus on fetal development, which result in an increased incidence of congenital microcephaly symptoms, have prompted the world health organization (who) to declare the zikv a public health issue of global concern. efficient probes that offer high detection sensitivity and specificity are urgently required to aid in the point-of-care treatment of the virus. in this study, we show that localized surface plasm ... | 2017 | 28343104 |
| new trends of the microcephaly and zika virus outbreak in brazil, july 2016-december 2016. | | 2017 | 28342826 |
| a bioinformatics approach to designing a zika virus vaccine. | the zika virus infections have reached epidemic proportions in the latin american countries causing severe birth defects and neurological disorders. while several organizations have begun research into design of prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic drugs, computer assisted methods with adequate data resources can be expected to assist in these measures to reduce lead times through bioinformatics approaches. using 60 sequences of the zika virus envelope protein available in the genbank database, ... | 2017 | 28342423 |
| molecular dynamics simulations of zika virus ns3 helicase: insights into rna binding site activity. | america is still suffering with the outbreak of zika virus (zikv) infection. congenital zikv syndrome has already caused a public health emergency of international concern. however, there are still no vaccines to prevent or drugs to treat the infection caused by zikv. the zikv ns3 helicase (ns3h) protein is a promising target for drug discovery due to its essential role in viral genome replication. ns3h unwinds the viral rna to enable the replication of the viral genome by the ns5 protein. ns3h ... | 2017 | 28341122 |
| preparing the united states for zika virus: pre-emptive vector control and personal protection. | discovered in 1947 in a monkey in the zika forest of uganda, zika virus was dismissed as a cause of a mild illness that was confined to africa and southeast asia and transmitted by aedes mosquitoes. in 2007, zika virus appeared outside of its endemic borders in an outbreak on the south pacific island of yap. in 2013, zika virus was associated with a major neurological complication, guillain-barré syndrome, in a larger outbreak in the french polynesian islands. from the south pacific, zika invade ... | 2016 | 28340908 |
| modified mrna vaccines protect against zika virus infection. | | 2017 | 28340344 |
| vector status of aedes species determines geographical risk of autochthonous zika virus establishment. | the 2015-16 zika virus pandemic originating in latin america led to predictions of a catastrophic global spread of the disease. since the current outbreak began in brazil in may 2015 local transmission of zika has been reported in over 60 countries and territories, with over 750 thousand confirmed and suspected cases. as a result of its range expansion attention has focused on possible modes of transmission, of which the arthropod vector-based disease spread cycle involving aedes species is beli ... | 2017 | 28339472 |
| spatial quantification of the world population potentially exposed to zika virus. | zika virus is an emerging flaviviridae virus, which has spread rapidly in the last few years. it has raised concern because it has been associated with fetus microcephaly when pregnant women are infected. the main vector is the mosquito aedes aegypti , distributed in tropical areas. | 2017 | 28338754 |
| the influence of health concern on travel plans with focus on the zika virus in 2016. | tourists consider many factors, including health, when choosing travel destinations. the potential for exposure to novel or foreign diseases alone can deter travelers from selecting high-risk locations for disease transmission. the 2015-2016 zika virus (zikv) outbreak in the americas and caribbean prompted the world health organization (who) to declare a public health emergency of international concern. this study investigated factors that may contribute to travel avoidance to areas experiencing ... | 2017 | 28337406 |
| complete genome sequences, before and after mammalian cell culture, of zika virus isolated from the serum of a symptomatic male patient from oaxaca, mexico. | zika virus (zikv) is an emerging arthropod-borne flavivirus associated with severe congenital malformations and neurological complications. although the zikv genome is well characterized, there is limited information regarding changes after cell isolation and culture adaptation. we isolated, and passaged in vero cells, zikv from the serum of a symptomatic male patient and compared the viral genomes before and after culture. single nucleotide polymorphisms were characteristic among serum-circulat ... | 2017 | 28336600 |
| solution conformations of a linked construct of the zika virus ns2b-ns3 protease. | the zika virus presents a serious risk for global health. crystal structures of different constructs of the zika virus ns2b-ns3 protease (ns2b-ns3pro) have been determined with the aim to provide a basis for rational drug discovery. in these structures, the c-terminal β-hairpin of ns2b, ns2bc, was observed to be either disordered (open conformation) or bound to ns3pro complementing the substrate binding site (closed conformation). enzymatically active constructs of flaviviral ns2b-ns3 proteases ... | 2017 | 28336347 |
| the challenge of assessing microcephaly in the context of the zika virus epidemic. | the present article examines the impact of the current limitations of the microcephaly definition in the context of the zika virus outbreak. it highlights its dependence on the method used for determining gestational age and other anthropometric parameters, and includes original results of prevalence of microcephaly in four countries from two different continents (mozambique, brazil, guatemala and colombia). alternative definitions of microcephaly are proposed to allow the identification of true ... | 2017 | 28335029 |
| establishing a timeline to discontinue routine testing of asymptomatic pregnant women for zika virus infection - american samoa, 2016-2017. | the first patients with laboratory-confirmed cases of zika virus disease in american samoa had symptom onset in january 2016 (1). in response, the american samoa department of health (asdoh) implemented mosquito control measures (1), strategies to protect pregnant women (1), syndromic surveillance based on electronic health record (ehr) reports (1), zika virus testing of persons with one or more signs or symptoms of zika virus disease (fever, rash, arthralgia, or conjunctivitis) (1-3), and routi ... | 2017 | 28333910 |
| the spectrum of neuropathological changes associated with congenital zika virus infection. | a major concern associated with zikv infection is the increased incidence of microcephaly with frequent calcifications in infants born from infected mothers. to date, postmortem analysis of the central nervous system (cns) in congenital infection is limited to individual reports or small series. we report a comprehensive neuropathological study in ten newborn babies infected with zikv during pregnancy, including the spinal cords and dorsal root ganglia (drg), and also muscle, pituitaries, eye, s ... | 2017 | 28332092 |
| boswellia ovalifoliolata (burseraceae) essential oil as an eco-friendly larvicide? toxicity against six mosquito vectors of public health importance, non-target mosquito fishes, backswimmers, and water bugs. | the use of synthetic pesticides to control vector populations is detrimental to human health and the environment and may lead to the development of resistant strains. plants can be alternative sources of safer compounds effective on mosquito vectors. in this study, the mosquito larvicidal activity of boswellia ovalifoliolata leaf essential oil (eo) was evaluated against anopheles stephensi, anopheles subpictus, aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, culex quinquefasciatus, and culex tritaeniorhynchus. ... | 2017 | 28332087 |
| zika virus: an emerging epidemic. | | 2017 | 28331858 |