| duration of immunity following immunization with live measles vaccine: 15 years of observation in zhejiang province, china. | the duration of immunity following measles vaccination of 2882 immunized children has been investigated in a closed region of china for 15 years. a total of 1002 of the children were treated as primary immunization subjects, and 1547 as reimmunization subjects. these two cohorts were not in contact with known wild measles virus over the whole observation period, and the results obtained probably reflected the antibody responses to measles vaccine alone. the remaining 333 vaccinees came into cont ... | 1991 | 1934235 |
| generation of mammalian cells expressing stably measles virus proteins via bicistronic rna. | the proteins of measles virus are believed to be cytotoxic, and have never been expressed stably from the cloned genes in cultured cells. we found that measles viral proteins can be expressed via a bicistronic rna. the dominantly selectable dhfr* protein-coding region encoding a mutant dihydrofolate reductase was inserted into the 3'-untranslated regions of the measles viral genes encoding nucleoprotein (n), matrix (m) protein, and hemagglutinin (h). the tandemly arranged cistrons were placed un ... | 1991 | 1939503 |
| diagnosis of measles by fluorescent antibody and culture of nasopharyngeal secretions. | an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa) was evaluated using commercial mouse anti-measles monoclonal antibody and fitc-labeled goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin. for measles isolation, specimens were inoculated into rhesus monkey kidney (rmk) cells and, when available, cv-1 cells. 381 specimens were tested by ifa and 408 specimens were cultured from patients suspected of having measles. for the 381 specimens tested by both methods, ifa and culture were positive for 31%, culture alone for 14%, i ... | 1991 | 1939510 |
| epidemiology of measles in the cameroons between 1984 and 1986: comparison of the effectiveness of different serological methods in rural regions. | epidemiological studies were carried out in yaoundé and in ngaoundéré from 1984 to 1986, in an attempt to develop adequate methods of collecting blood from small children and of diagnosing measles appropriate to conditions in the field. alternative methods were necessary since classical methods used in modern laboratories are unsuitable in rural regions. each study was carried out on a representative sample of 6- to 36-months-old infected children seen at consultation. this group was chosen beca ... | 1991 | 1939512 |
| glycosylation of measles virus haemagglutinin protein in infected cells. | processing of the measles virus haemagglutinin (h) protein was analysed by the pulse-chase method, immunoprecipitation with an anti-h monoclonal antibody and sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, combined with the addition of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (cccp) or monensin (inhibitors of intracellular processing of secretory proteins) to cultures and digestion of the protein with endoglycosidase h or neuraminidase. the apparent mr of the h protein was increased from 74k to 78k duri ... | 1991 | 1940865 |
| an indian hospital study of viral causes of acute respiratory infection in children. | from sept. 1986 to jan. 1989, a hospital-based study was conducted on 736 children, under 5 years of age, with acute respiratory infection. nasopharyngeal secretions were examined for viruses by culture and by immunofluorescence. viruses were detected in 22% of specimens: respiratory syncytial (5%), parainfluenza (5%), influenza a (4%), influenza b (2%), adenovirus (3%), measles (3%). the highest rates of detection were with patients diagnosed clinically as pneumonia or upper respiratory tract i ... | 1991 | 1941992 |
| early signal transduction in measles virus-infected lymphocytes is unaltered, but second messengers activate virus replication. | in order to understand measles virus-lymphocyte interactions, we have started to analyze factors and events which regulate measles virus infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). we analyzed the initiation of cell proliferation, induced by phytohemagglutinin, in infected and control pbmc by measuring intracellular free ca2+ by using fura-2. measles virus-infected and control pbmc responded similarly with an increase in the amount of cytosolic free ca2+, indicating that the early ac ... | 1991 | 1942251 |
| rapid accumulation of measles virus leader rna in the nucleus of infected hela cells and human lymphoid cells. | the 3' terminus of the single-stranded, negative-sense genome of the measles virus comprises a 55-nucleotide-long sequence, which is transcribed into a short, positive-sense rna called the leader sequence. in other viral systems, this rna has been shown to modulate host cell transcription. here, we report the presence of measles virus leader rna in both cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of infected hela cells as well as t- and b-lymphoid cells. a sharp and rapid increase in the concentration of ... | 1991 | 1942256 |
| cerebral endothelial cell infection by measles virus in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: ultrastructural and in situ hybridization evidence. | infection of vascular endothelium plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acute measles virus infection outside the central nervous system (cns) but has not been described in the human cns. an ultrastructural survey was made of blood vessels in five cases of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) to determine whether or not infection of cerebral vascular endothelium occurred in this persistent fatal cns disease caused by measles virus. morbillivirus nucleocapsids were found in a few endo ... | 1991 | 1944804 |
| [the validation of the expediency of a review of the times for revaccinating children against measles]. | basing on the results of seroepidemiological study, carried out in two districts of moscow by different methods, cluster selection method including, the authors have developed the following recommendations aimed at improving the strategy of revaccination against measles: (1) selective revaccination of only seronegative children or those with poor antimeasles immunity should be carried out, thus making it possible to reduce the number of susceptible children and diminish the risk of postimmunizat ... | 1991 | 1950287 |
| the 1st international standard for anti-measles serum. | the 1st international standard for anti-measles serum has been established on the basis of a collaborative study. there were four participating laboratories in four countries and three types of assay used. this standard has been assigned a potency of 5 iu anti-measles antibody per ampoule. | 1991 | 1954005 |
| [oligoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and other diseases of the nervous system]. | the detection of csf oligoclonal igg is one of the most useful laboratory tests to aid in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. oligoclonal igg is synthesized within the cns and is usually detected in the csf by agar and agarose gel electrophoresis or by isoelectric focusing. oligoclonal igg is present in about 90-95% in patients with clinically definite ms. there is a predominance of kappa light chains and igg1 and igg3 subclasses in oligoclonal igg in ms. the specificity of oligoclonal igg in t ... | 1991 | 1961384 |
| [antiviral activity of commercial immunoglobulin preparations]. | immunoglobulin preparations for intravenous use of five different firms--biotest, hoechst, merieux, sandoz, wwss--were used for the study. antibody level for epstein-barr, cytomegalia, herpes simplex, varicella-zoster and measles viruses was determined in these preparations stored at 4 degrees c and in order to determine their stability they were tested after incubation at 37 degrees c and 61 degrees c. the influence of immunoglobulin (bioglobulin and sandoglobulin) on mouse survival infected wi ... | 1990 | 1964995 |
| host cell-dependent lateral mobility of viral glycoproteins. | the lateral mobility of viral envelope proteins on the plasma membranes of infected cells is an important factor in both virus assembly and pathogenesis. the envelope glycoproteins of measles and human parainfluenza virus are mobile on the surfaces of infected hela cells and undergo lateral redistribution in the presence of specific antibody, forming unipolar caps. in contrast, no such redistribution was observed with influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha) or vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) g glyco ... | 1990 | 1965847 |
| class ii mhc molecules can use the endogenous pathway of antigen presentation. | models for antigen presentation have divided the world of antigens into two categories, endogenous and exogenous, presented to t cells by class i and class ii major histocompatibility complex (mhc) encoded molecules, respectively. exogenous antigens are though to be taken up into peripheral endosomal compartments where they are processed for binding to class ii mhc molecules. endogenous antigens are either synthesized or efficiently delivered to the cytoplasm before being partially degraded in a ... | 1990 | 1967486 |
| measles associated with coronary arteritis. | a two-year-old girl with measles virus (mv) and chronic epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection developed lethal coronary aneurysmal arteritis accompanied by giant cell pneumonia, systemic lymphadenitis and hepatosplenomegaly. in her coronary arteries, lungs and aorta, cells containing intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions, including syncytial giant cells, were detected, the presence of mv in the organs being proved by electron microscopic and immunofluorescent studies. immunopathology further ... | 1990 | 1967861 |
| response of cultured human airway epithelial cells to x-rays and energetic alpha-particles. | radon and its progeny, which emit alpha-particles during decay, may play an important role in inducing human lung cancer. to gain a better understanding of the biological effects of alpha-particles in human lung we studied the response of cultured human airway epithelial cells to x-rays and monoenergetic helium ions. our experimental results indicated that the radiation response of primary cultures was similar to that for airway epithelial cells that were transformed with a plasmid containing an ... | 1990 | 1975612 |
| enzyme immunoassay--a method of serological survey of measles vaccination. | enzyme immunoassay (eia) for detection of antibodies to measles virus designed in the moscow research institute of viral preparations has proved highly sensitive (98%) and specific (100%) as tested in 492 vaccinated children. comparison of eia and haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test allowed to determine the cut-off value of the optical density to be equal to 0.1. the serum dilution 1:10 was found appropriate for the screening. | 1990 | 1975731 |
| antibody persistence in gambian children after high-dose edmonston-zagreb measles vaccine. | measles antibody concentrations in gambian children immunised at 4 months of age with a high-dose edmonston-zagreb (ez) measles vaccine or at 9 months with conventional schwarz vaccine were measured 5 months after vaccination, and at 18 and 36 months of age. schwarz vaccinees produced, on average, a 2.4-fold higher concentration of measles haemagglutinin inhibiting (hai) antibody than ez vaccinees, but at 36 months of age 82 of 93 (88%) ez vaccinees and 83 of 87 (95%) schwarz vaccinees had measl ... | 1990 | 1977029 |
| altered translation of the matrix genes in niigata and yamagata neurovirulent measles virus strains. | niigata and yamagata strains measles virus were isolated from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patients. these viruses were defective in virion production and expression of matrix (m) protein. the niigata m protein-coding frame was interrupted by an in-frame termination codon, whereas the yamagata m gene lacked the normal translational initiation codon. these mutations prevented translation of a normal m protein. however, rna derived from the cloned niigata and yamagata m genes was translatab ... | 1991 | 1984647 |
| deduced amino acid sequence of the fusion glycoprotein of turkey rhinotracheitis virus has greater identity with that of human respiratory syncytial virus, a pneumovirus, than that of paramyxoviruses and morbilliviruses. | the sequence of the fusion (f) glycoprotein of turkey rhinotracheitis virus (trtv) has been deduced from cdna clones derived from oligo(dt)-selected infected cell rna. the protein consists of 538 amino acids, the f2 and f1 subunits containing 102 (including the f2-f1 connecting peptide rrrr) and 436 residues, respectively. each subunit has one potential n-linked glycosylation site. the protein has 38 to 39% amino acid identity with the f protein of respiratory syncytial virus (pneumovirus genus) ... | 1991 | 1990068 |
| identification of several different lineages of measles virus. | the sequences of a region of the nucleocapsid protein gene, between nucleotides 1231 and 1686, encoding the c-terminal 151 amino acid residues of the nucleocapsid protein have been determined for 16 strains of measles virus. analysis of this region showed that it is highly divergent (up to 7.2% divergence in the nucleotide sequence and 10.6% divergence in the amino acid sequence between most distant strains) and that several lineages of measles virus can be found to co-circulate at a given time. ... | 1991 | 1990069 |
| viral rna species in cell lines persistently and lytically infected with measles virus. | identical measles viral mrna species were present in similar amounts in the persistently infected cell lines lu106, heppi and masspe, and in lytically infected cells as determined from northern blots. the attenuation of transcription with the gene order did not vary significantly between different infected systems. a previously described selective restriction of f protein production in lu106 cells could not be explained by defective transcription of f mrna. rna synthesis also continued unimpeded ... | 1991 | 1993115 |
| detection and titration of measles virus antibody by hemagglutination inhibition and by dot immunobinding. | measles continues to be a major disease of both human and nonhuman primates. the dot immunobinding assay, a modified enzyme immunoassay, permits the detection of measles virus antibody in the nonlaboratory setting with either serum or whole blood collected on filter paper. | 1991 | 1993759 |
| measles virus: both the haemagglutinin and fusion glycoproteins are required for fusion. | vaccinia-measles recombinant viruses were used to examine the contribution of the individual measles virus glycoproteins in fusion. although vaccinia virus recombinants expressing either the haemagglutinin or fusion proteins did not induce fusion in the cell lines examined, a double recombinant expressing both measles virus glycoproteins gave extensive syncytia in cells of human and simian origin. no fusion was observed in mouse, hamster or chicken cells. the fusion induced by the double recombi ... | 1991 | 1993882 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the attachment protein h of canine distemper virus. | the sequence of the h gene and flanking sequences in the f and l genes of canine distemper virus (cdv) have been determined. the h gene of cdv (1946 nucleotides) contains one large open reading frame starting at position 21 and terminating at position 1835, encoding a protein of 604 amino acid residues. this protein contains three potential glycosylation sites in the extracellular domain and, like all other paramyxoviruses, a n-terminal membrane-spanning hydrophobic anchor domain. the deduced h ... | 1991 | 1993883 |
| lyme arthritis: oligoclonal anti-borrelia burgdorferi igg antibodies occur in joint fluid and serum. | the antibody response to borrelia (b.) burgdorferi, and to measles virus as control antigen, was analysed by agarose isoelectric focusing (aif) and immunoblot of joint fluid and serum from 10 patients with lyme arthritis and 10 controls with rheumatoid arthritis. among the lyme arthritis patients, six had oligoclonal anti-b. burgdorferi igg antibody bands in joint fluid and corresponding serum, one patient had oligoclonal antibody bands in joint fluid only and also an elevated b. burgdorferi-spe ... | 1991 | 1996408 |
| decreased measles antibody response after measles-mumps-rubella vaccine in infants with colds. | we examined the possibility that the common cold or afebrile upper respiratory tract infection might interfere with successful immunization in children who receive standard measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. infants 15 to 18 months of age presenting at our well-child clinics for routine examination and immunizations were divided into two groups. those infants with a history and physical findings of upper respiratory tract infection were compared with healthy control group infants who did not have up ... | 1991 | 2013930 |
| fetal death associated with measles virus infection of the placenta. | a case of fetal death at 25 weeks' gestation, which was associated with maternal measles infection, is described. immunohistochemical study revealed measles virus antigen in the syncytial trophoblastic cells and decidua but not in the fetus. results suggest that fetal death was caused by measles virus infection in the placenta. as far as we know, this is the first report in which a measles virus antigen was detected in the placenta by the immunohistochemical method. | 1991 | 2014835 |
| western blot analysis of antibody specificities in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: reactivity to measles virus proteins produced in persistently infected cells. | the specificity of serum antibodies from patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) and seropositive controls to measles virus proteins produced in acutely and persistently infected human cells was examined by western blot analysis. sera from both sspe patients and controls reacted to the h, n, and f1 virus proteins produced in acutely infected av3 cells. however, while sspe-derived sera reacted with the same proteins in persistently infected cells (av3al/mv), most control sera fai ... | 1991 | 2016149 |
| construction and nucleotide sequence analysis of an infectious dna clone of the autonomous parvovirus, mink enteritis virus. | we have cloned the replicative form (rf-) dna of mink enteritis virus (mev), constructed an infectious recombinant plasmid containing mev dna and determined the nucleotide sequence of the cloned mev dna. rf-dnas were detected and infectious virus was generated when the recombinant plasmid containing the entire mev genome was introduced into feline kidney cell cultures. the mev genome was 5094 nucleotides (nt) in length; the 3' end of the virion strand contained a 205 nt palindromic sequence and ... | 1991 | 2016597 |
| measles antibody status of hiv-infected prison inmates. | | 1991 | 2016692 |
| role of biased hypermutation in evolution of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus from progenitor acute measles virus. | we identified an acute measles virus (nagahata strain) closely related to a defective virus (biken strain) isolated from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). the proteins of nagahata strain measles virus are antigenically and electrophoretically similar to the proteins of edmonston strain measles virus. however, the nucleotide sequence of the nagahata matrix (m) gene is significantly different from the m genes of all the acute measles virus strains studied to date. the naga ... | 1991 | 2016756 |
| nucleotide sequence of cdna to the rinderpest virus mrna encoding the nucleocapsid protein. | the full-length cdna corresponding to the mrna encoding the nucleocapsid protein (np) of rinderpest virus (rv) was cloned and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. the gene of rv-np was composed of 1683 nucleotides and contained a single large open reading frame, which is capable of encoding a protein of 525 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58,241 da. the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence were compared with those of measles virus (mv) and canine distemper vir ... | 1991 | 2017875 |
| structural homology between hemagglutinin (ha) of measles virus and the active site of long neurotoxins. | the amino acid sequence of a carboxy terminal domain corresponding to the end of the outer envelope projection of the hemagglutinin glycoprotein (ha) of measles and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis viruses has a high degree of homology with the active domain of long neurotoxins, which specifically binds to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. the homology in amino acid sequence of ha to this domain of neurotoxin, as well as native alpha-bungarotoxin (btx), was confirmed by the following evid ... | 1991 | 2017876 |
| exposure to acidic ph causes irreversible conformational changes in the measles virus hemagglutinin. | temporary exposure to acidic ph caused the hemagglutinin (h) protein of measles virus to lose hemagglutinating activity and undergo antigenic changes. the antigenic changes, detected as alterations in reactivity of several anti-h protein monoclonal antibodies, were characterised by elisa and radioimmune precipitation assay. the possible biological instances of such conformational changes within the paramyxovirus h protein are discussed. | 1991 | 2018432 |
| sspe: but we thought measles was gone! | subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by the measles (rubeola) virus and is most often seen in children. many affected children have a history of measles infection in the first years of life or exposure to the live measles virus vaccine. typically, there is a rapid onset of neurological symptoms degenerating into a stuporous state in the patient. four children and their families are reviewed. their individual courses, medical and nursing pro ... | 1991 | 2019970 |
| immunogenicity of standard dose edmonston-zagreb measles vaccine in highland papua new guinean children from four months of age. | a small-scale trial was carried out at tari in the southern highlands province of papua new guinea to determine the effectiveness of a standard subcutaneous dose of edmonston-zagreb measles vaccine (institute of immunology, zagreb) administered to children at less than 8 months of age. specific antibody levels were measured before and 7-11 weeks after vaccination using an elisa system. paired sera from 41 children vaccinated at 4-7 months of age and from 18 children vaccinated routinely at 8-29 ... | 1991 | 2023293 |
| expression of measles virus rna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with measles, sspe, and autoimmune diseases. | in order to characterize measles virus (mv) infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), rna was isolated from pbmcs after pha-stimulation for 72 hr of 9 patients with acute measles, 16 patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), 13 patients with various autoimmune diseases, and 16 healthy control donors. the rna obtained was screened for the presence of mv n (nucleocapsid) gene specific transcripts of either positive or negative orientation in a s1 nuclease protection ... | 1991 | 2024495 |
| functional and nonfunctional measles virus matrix genes from lethal human brain infections. | subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a lethal disease induced by the persistence of measles virus in the human brain. in many sspe cases, the viral matrix (m) protein cannot be detected; in others, m proteins of the expected size are found and sequence analysis of m cdnas has confirmed that the reading frames are intact, showing only several missense mutations. to determine whether these alterations result in nonfunctional proteins, we have replaced the m gene of an infectious full-leng ... | 1991 | 2033668 |
| characterization of v protein in measles virus-infected cells. | an edited mrna transcribed from the phosphoprotein (p) gene of measles virus (mv) has been predicted to encode a cysteine-rich protein designated v. this mrna contains a single additional nontemplated g residue which permits access to an additional protein-coding reading frame. such an edited p gene-specific mrna has been detected in mv-infected cells, but no corresponding protein has yet been identified in vivo. we report the use of antisera directed against synthetic peptides corresponding to ... | 1991 | 2041073 |
| [persistence of the measles virus genome in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus]. | punctate hybridization was used to examine measles virus genome in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with glomerulonephritis (gn) and systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). measles virus genome was revealed in 47 (54%) out of 87 gn patients, in 27 (74%) out of 36 sle patients and in none of the control group patients. gn patients manifested a tendency towards increase of the rate of measles virus demonstration with the rise of the titres of measles antibodies. all sle patients with a high ... | 1991 | 2048000 |
| cytopathic effects of measles virus on human intestinal mucosa. | | 1991 | 2051284 |
| sequence analysis of the polymerase l gene of human respiratory syncytial virus and predicted phylogeny of nonsegmented negative-strand viruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the large (l) polymerase gene of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain a2 was determined by analysis of cloned-cdnas representing the entire gene and confirmed in part by dideoxy sequencing of genomic rna. the rsv l gene is 6578 nucleotides in length and contains a single major open reading frame that encodes a protein of 2165 amino acids. the molecular weight (250,226) and amino acid composition of the deduced rsv l protein are similar to those of ot ... | 1991 | 2053282 |
| comparison of immunofluorescence and enzyme immunoassay for detection of measles-specific immunoglobulin m antibody. | during a measles outbreak, 283 serum specimens from 221 suspected cases of measles were tested by immunofluorescence and enzyme immunoassay for the presence of measles-specific immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies by using commercially available reagents. there was 97% agreement between the two assays; thus, the choice of the method for diagnostic testing is a matter of convenience and experience. in all 62 cases of measles from which a single blood sample was available, measles igm-specific antibo ... | 1991 | 2056044 |
| regulatory effects of persistent measles virus infection on tumorigenicity and protooncogene expression in neuroblastoma cells. | ms is among the infectious agents known to persistently infect cells of the cns. clones ns20/y and ns20/ms persistently infected with ms, both originating from the c1300 mouse neuroblastoma, were used. multiple effects of the ms infection on the neuronal cell communication, expression of protooncogenes tumorigenicity and on the presence of immunoregulatory molecules were studied. our results demonstrate that the level of the mhc class i and ii antigens and beta-2 microglobulin was elevated in th ... | 1991 | 2059960 |
| surveillance of humoral immunity to measles virus in ilorin, nigeria and environ. | detection of measles specific igg in serum was done on 618 samples obtained from nigerians (aged 11 years or more) resident in ilorin (urban) and shao (a suburban outlay of ilorin). an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) method was used. eighty-six percent of the sampled population had detectable antibody levels. significant differences were found between positivity rates in the two locations studied and between the sexes in the urban samples. | 1991 | 2060014 |
| successful immunization of infants at 6 months of age with high dose edmonston-zagreb measles vaccine. cite soleil/jhu project team. | a group of 2097 haitian infants 6 to 11 months of age were randomized to receive schwarz or edmonston-zagreb strain measles vaccines containing 10- to 500-fold more vaccine viral particles than standard potency vaccines. no unusual adverse reactions were noted. edmonston-zagreb vaccines were more effective than equivalent doses of schwarz vaccines as measured by the proportion of vaccinated children with measles antibody concentrations greater than or equal to 200 miu/ml 2 months after vaccinati ... | 1991 | 2062626 |
| an immunohistochemical study of the pneumonia caused by peste des petits ruminants virus. | ten goats were inoculated with peste des petits ruminants virus, a paramyxovirus closely related to rinderpest virus. all goats developed severe clinical disease, 8/10 having coughing or dyspnea as prominent clinical signs. in addition, all of the goats had stomatitis and diarrhea. histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies were done only on the respiratory tracts. pathologic changes ranged from mild multifocal bronchiolitis and bronchitis to severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia. lesions we ... | 1991 | 2063517 |
| antiviral activities of 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4- carboxamide and related compounds. | a series of novel compounds, 5-alkynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4- carboxamides, have been identified as broad-spectrum antiviral agents. 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4- carboxamide (eicar), the most potent congener of the group, showed antiviral potency about 10- to 100-fold greater than that of ribavirin. similar in spectrum to ribavirin, eicar was particularly active (50% inhibitory concentration, 0.2 to 4 micrograms/ml) against poxviruses (vaccinia virus), togaviruses (si ... | 1991 | 2069373 |
| presence of measles virus in human intestinal mucosa. | | 1991 | 2072237 |
| [antibodies to morbilli virus of the baikal seal in its natural host]. | morbillivirus of baikal seal (bsm) was isolated from organs of a dead animal during 1987-1988 epizootic of baikal seal (phoca sibirica). a method of cellular enzyme immunoassay for testing for virus-specific antibodies was developed using bsm. the method was used for antibody detection in sera of 115 apparently normal seals collected in the spring of 1989. antibody to bsm were found in sera from 75 animals. examinations of seropositive animals of different age and sex were carried out. the resul ... | 1990 | 2082556 |
| [postvaccinal antimeasles immunity in children with allergic diseases]. | | 1990 | 2082559 |
| [the clinico-immunological evaluation of a bivalent vaccine against measles and rubella]. | prevention of measles and rubella can be obtained by a single administration of bivalent vaccine which can be added to the trivalent vaccine already practice in the usa since 1970 and in the scandinavian countries since 1982. we evaluated the immunological response and the clinical reactions to a bivalent vaccine against measles and rubella by the study of a control group including 29 children (17 females and 12 males) aged from a minimum of 15 months to a maximum of 9 years and 4 months. all th ... | 1990 | 2087226 |
| measles vaccination does not prevent multiple sclerosis. | twenty-seven young patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) were studied to determine if they had received prior measles vaccination. fourteen patients whose immunization records were available had received measles vaccine in childhood. eight other patients gave a history of receiving measles vaccine. these results suggest that infection by measles virus is probably not the sole cause of ms and that, unlike subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and postmeasles encephalitis, ms may not be preventable ... | 1990 | 2087249 |
| [multiple sclerosis: review of main experimental data and pathogenic hypotheses]. | the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (ms) is considered from three different viewpoints: genetic, viral and immunological. a genetic predisposition intervenes, as testified by the familial forms of ms and by the frequency of hla a3b7 and dr2 groups in ms patients. the hypothesis of an inherited enzyme deficiency in oligodendrocytes is discussed. many viruses are known to induce demyelination in animals, and the intrathecal production of antibodies to measles virus as well as the in vitro disco ... | 1990 | 2096417 |
| field evaluation of measles vaccine efficacy in new seemapuri, shahdara zone-delhi during 1990. | a field evaluation of measles vaccine efficacy was undertaken in resettlement colonies in new seemapuri, shahdara zone, delhi, having an estimated population of 20,500 by case-reference method. the standard 30 cluster sampling technique was adopted and 261 measles vaccinated children were matched with 545 measles non-vaccinated children. the attack rate of measles was found to be 4.2 and 30.3 per cent in measles vaccinated and non-vaccinated children respectively, which is statistically highly s ... | 1990 | 2098412 |
| measles appendicitis. | measles is a common disorder in the united kingdom, due partly to the decreasing incidence of vaccination in children of a susceptible age. we report a case of abdominal pain in a child caused by the measles virus. | 1990 | 2102225 |
| synthesis of the membrane fusion and hemagglutinin proteins of measles virus, using a novel baculovirus vector containing the beta-galactosidase gene. | an improved baculovirus expression vector was developed to expedite screening and facilitate oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. this vector contained twin promoters derived from the p10 and polyhedrin genes of autographica californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. the p10 promoter directed the synthesis of beta-galactosidase, whereas the polyhedrin promoter controlled the synthesis of foreign gene products. these two genes recombined with wild-type virus genome to yield recombinants which were ... | 1990 | 2104544 |
| the predominance of cd8+ t cells after infection with measles virus suggests a role for cd8+ class i mhc-restricted cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) in recovery from measles. clonal analyses of human cd8+ class i mhc-restricted ctl. | stimulation of pbmc, in children recovering from acute measles, with autologous ebv-transformed and measles virus (mv)-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (b-lcl) expanded primarily mv-specific cd8+ t cells. a large number of cd8+ t cell clones were obtained either by passaging of bulk cultures at limiting dilutions or by direct cloning of pbmc without previous stimulation in bulk culture. the mv-specific cd8+ t cell clones responding in a proliferative and a ctl assay were found to be class i mh ... | 1990 | 2107259 |
| immune activation during measles: interferon-gamma and neopterin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in complicated and uncomplicated disease. | to study t cell and macrophage activity during measles, levels of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and neopterin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) were measured. plasma levels of ifn-gamma were elevated in measles (1.17 +/- 0.27) compared with healthy adults (0.13 +/- 0.06, p less than .05) and children (0.14 +/- 0.06, p less than .01). plasma levels of neopterin were elevated in measles (32.5 +/- 2.7) compared with healthy adults (5.3 +/- 2.9, p less than .0001), healthy children (12.1 +/- 4. ... | 1990 | 2107264 |
| comparative study of peroxidase-labelled igg and anti-igg for the detection of measles virus antigens. | the immunoperoxidase and immunoblotting techniques were used to detect measles virus antigens in nasopharyngeal samples taken from children visiting the yaounde health centre (cameroon). in order to make these diagnostic tests simpler, faster and less costly, peroxidase-labelled anti-measles igg were prepared and compared with commercially available peroxidase-labelled mouse anti-igg. measles antigens were detected by immunoperoxidase and immunoblotting with the same sensitivity, no matter which ... | 1990 | 2120280 |
| evaluation of live trivalent vaccine of measles aik-c strain, mumps hoshino strain and rubella takahashi strain, by virus-specific interferon-gamma production and antibody response. | a trivalent measles-mumps-rubella live virus vaccine, containing measles aik-c strain, mumps hoshino strain, and rubella takahashi strain, was evaluated in 229 children, aged 1 to 5 years. the vaccine induced a high seroconversion rate: 221 (98.7%) out of 224 subjects initially seronegative for measles virus, 167 (93.3%) out of 179 initially seronegative for mumps virus, and 212 (99.1%) out of 214 initially seronegative for rubella virus. it also induced a sufficient cellular immunity against ea ... | 1990 | 2120551 |
| comparison of indirect immunofluorescence test for measles antibodies with haemagglutination inhibition and plaque neutralization tests. | indirect immunofluorescence (ifa), plaque reduction neutralization (prn) and haemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests for measles antibodies were carried out in 197 sera obtained from umbilical cord and vaccinated children. the ifa was also applied to blood samples collected with filter paper. ifa results demonstrated that the test is relatively simple to perform, with good reproducibility for different antigen lots. good correlation was obtained between ifa, prn and hi antibody titers. better co ... | 1990 | 2135477 |
| [serological evaluation of immunization against measles with 2 doses administered at 6 and 11 months of age: a prospective study]. | a prospective study was designed to evaluate the serologic efficacy of a two dose measles vaccination schedule, at 6 months and 11 months of age. infants were given a further attenuated measles virus vaccine (biken cam 70, fundação oswaldo cruz) and serum samples were tested for measles antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence technique (ifa) and elisa. seroconversion rates 6 to 12 months (mean of 8.0 +/- 1.7 months) following the second dose of measles vaccine were 88.5% (85/96) by ifa ... | 1990 | 2135492 |
| sequencing analyses and comparison of parainfluenza virus type 4a and 4b np protein genes. | the nucleotide sequences of the cdna copies of the mrna coding for the nucleocapsid proteins (nps) of human parainfluenza viruses type 4a (piv-4a) and type 4b (piv-4b) were determined. the copy of piv-4a np mrna contained 1885 nucleotides encoding a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 62,561. the same number of amino acids with a similar molecular weight (62,425) were predicted for the piv-4b np protein. comparisons on the nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence of np protein b ... | 1990 | 2152988 |
| construction of fowlpox virus vectors with intergenic insertions: expression of the beta-galactosidase gene and the measles virus fusion gene. | a dna fragment from fowlpox virus cloned on a plasmid vector was modified to contain foreign dna inserts within an intergenic region. in a first step, a 32-base-pair intergenic region from the fowlpox virus genome corresponding to the position of the thymidine kinase locus in the vaccinia virus genome was enlarged to 55 base pairs by site-directed mutagenesis. a unique restriction endonuclease site introduced upstream of the intergenic region was then used to insert various foreign dna fragments ... | 1990 | 2153222 |
| marmoset lymphoblastoid cells as a sensitive host for isolation of measles virus. | b95-8, an epstein-barr virus-transformed marmoset b-lymphoblastoid cell line, and its derivative b95a, capable of attachment to a substrate surface, were 10,000-fold more sensitive to measles virus present in clinical specimens than were vero cells. b95-8 and b95a cells were thus thought to be useful host cells for the isolation of measles virus. quantitation of measles virus present in clinical specimens showed that a large quantity of virus, exceeding 10(6) 50% tissue culture infective doses p ... | 1990 | 2153236 |
| effect of primary epstein-barr virus infection on human herpesvirus 6, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus immunoglobulin g titers. | immunoglobulin g antibody titers to human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6), measles virus, and cytomegalovirus (cmv) were examined in serum samples from 31 patients with epstein-barr virus (ebv)-induced infectious mononucleosis (im). sera were drawn sequentially from the same patients less than or equal to 7 days until 3 years after onset of im. in seropositive patients, there was a significant decrease with time after im of the immunoglobulin g titers to the three viruses in the majority of patients; hhv- ... | 1990 | 2155915 |
| psychiatric disorders in the encephalitic form of multiple sclerosis. | multiple sclerosis lesions may occur predominantly in the hemispheric white matter and cause various psychiatric disorders such as remitting-relapsing endoform or exogenous psychosis, organic personality alterations and dementia. nineteen patients suffering from this encephalitic form of multiple sclerosis as diagnosed by characteristic csf immunoglobulin findings are analysed according to established psychopathological criteria. all cases began with psychiatric symptoms and neurological signs w ... | 1990 | 2156956 |
| intracellular stability of nonreplicating paramyxovirus nucleocapsids. | using northern blot analysis, we have demonstrated the ability of infectious measles and sendai virus particles to rescue the intracellular replication of their homologous defective interfering (di) nucleocapsids up to 3 days and 1 day, respectively, after initial di infection. the half-life of the paramyxovirus di nucleocapsids was therefore judged to be similar to that of rhabdoviruses, and to significantly differ from that of orthomyxoviruses. moreover, we conclude that the intracellular half ... | 1990 | 2158685 |
| analysis of experimental mink enteritis virus infection in mink: in situ hybridization, serology, and histopathology. | strand-specific hybridization probes were used in in situ hybridization studies to localize cells containing mink enteritis virus (mev) virion dna or mev replicative-form dna and mrna. following the experimental mev infection of 3-month-old unvaccinated mink, a significant increase in serum antibodies to mev was detected at postinfection day (pid) 6, 2 days after the onset of fecal shedding of virus. prior to the appearance of virus in feces, viral dna could be detected in the mesenteric lymph n ... | 1990 | 2159543 |
| sequence comparison of five polymerases (l proteins) of unsegmented negative-strand rna viruses: theoretical assignment of functional domains. | the large (l) protein subunit of unsegmented negative-strand rna virus polymerases is thought to be responsible for the majority of enzymic activities involved in viral transcription and replication. in order to gain insight into this multifunctional role we compared the deduced amino acid sequences of five l proteins of rhabdoviruses (vesicular stomatitis virus and rabies virus) or paramyxoviruses (sendai virus, newcastle disease virus and measles virus). statistical analysis showed that they s ... | 1990 | 2161049 |
| sarcoidosis and infections by human lymphotropic viruses. | in sera of 38 patients with sarcoidosis, assayed for antiviral antibody to rubella, measles, cytomegalovirus (cmv), adenovirus, epstein-barr virus (ebv), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), different incidence of seropositivity have been found, according to the virus assayed. interestingly all patients were seropositive to rubella virus with high titres compared to data obtained from normal age matched population. these data indicate that in sarcoidosis an altered antibody response of post-prima ... | 1990 | 2161122 |
| sequence analysis of p gene of human parainfluenza type 2 virus: p and cysteine-rich proteins are translated by two mrnas that differ by two nontemplated g residues. | we cloned and sequenced the cdnas against genomic rna and mrna for phosphoprotein (p) of human parainfluenza type 2 virus (piv-2). cdna clone from genomic rna was 1439 nucleotides in length excluding poly(a) and was found to have two small open reading frames encoding proteins of 233 and 249 amino acids. two different mrna cdna clones were obtained; that is, one mrna contained a smaller reading frame coding 225 amino acids, v protein, and the other mrna contained a larger reading frame coding 39 ... | 1990 | 2162103 |
| viral antibodies in multiple sclerosis. a nationwide co-twin study. | serum viral antibody titers against 21 viruses were studied in 19 of 23 same-sex twin pairs with multiple sclerosis derived from the finnish twin cohort. thorough neurologic examinations showed two monozygotic pairs to be concordant, whereas all dizygotic pairs were discordant. special attention was given to measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, against which the antibody levels were determined with the complement fixation, hemagglutination inhibition, hemolysis-ingel, and enzyme immunoassay meth ... | 1990 | 2162658 |
| a sensitive elisa system for the rapid detection of virus specific igm antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. | the intrathecal production of igm antibodies to different viral antigens was measured by a modification of elisa that was both sensitive and specific. suitably diluted csf and homologous serum samples containing similar amount of igm were examined, and a comparison of the photometric signals permitted the detection of specific antibodies secreted from activated lymphocytes into the csf compartment during the course of viral infections of the central nervous system. polyvinyl chloride (pvc) micro ... | 1990 | 2162893 |
| sequence of the fusion protein gene of human parainfluenza type 2 virus and its 3' intergenic region: lack of small hydrophobic (sh) gene. | cdna clones representing the fusion (f) gene of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (piv-2) were isolated from cdna libraries constructed from virus-specific mrna and genomic rna, and the complete nucleotide sequence of the f gene was determined. the f gene is 1854 nucleotides long and encodes one long open reading frame of 551 amino acids. the cleavage site for activation of the precursor fo protein is thr-arg-gln-lys-arg. the f gene of piv-2 is most closely related to those of simian virus 5 (sv5 ... | 1990 | 2167555 |
| sequence analysis of the phosphoprotein (p) genes of human parainfluenza type 4a and 4b viruses and rna editing at transcript of the p genes: the number of g residues added is imprecise. | we cloned and sequenced the cdnas against genomic rnas and mrnas for phosphoproteins (ps) of human parainfluenza virus types 4a (piv-4a) and 4b (piv-4b). the piv-4a and -4b p genes were 1535 nucleotides including poly(a) tract and were found to have two small open reading frames, neither of which was apparently large enough to encode the p protein. a cluster of g residues was found in genomic rna and the number of g residues was 6 in both piv-4a and -4b. however, the number of g residues at the ... | 1990 | 2167560 |
| [intrathecal secretion of antiviral antibodies in multiple sclerosis in patients in seville]. | to assess the presence of antiviral antibody synthesis in the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis, concurrent plasma and spinal fluid determination of antibody titers against measles, varicella-zoster, rubella, mumps, cytomegalovirus, and herpes viruses were performed in 29 samples and were compared with a control group. the study revealed an increased titre of antiviral antibodies in the spinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis. this increased activity was markedly s ... | 1990 | 2169273 |
| sequence analyses of the 3' genome end and np gene of human parainfluenza type 2 virus: sequence variation of the gene-starting signal and the conserved 3' end. | we cloned and determined the nucleotide sequences of cdnas against nucleocapsid protein (np) mrna and the genomic rna of human parainfluenza type 2 virus (piv-2). the 3' terminal region of genomic rna was compared among piv-2, mumps virus (muv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), measles virus (mv), piv-3, bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (bpiv-3), sendai virus (sv), and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), and an extensive sequence homology was observed between piv-2 and muv. although no significant ... | 1990 | 2173261 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the matrix gene of human parainfluenza type 2 virus and expression of the m protein in bacteria. | the sequence of the m gene of human parainfluenza virus type 2 (piv-2) has been determined. the sequence contained a large open reading frame with 1131 nucleotides encoding a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 42,312. comparison of m protein sequence indicated that piv-2 was more closely related to mumps virus and newcastle disease virus than to other parainfluenza viruses, sendai virus (sv), and parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3), indicating a possible subdividing of the paramyxoviru ... | 1990 | 2173264 |
| ultrastructural and immunohistochemical evidence of measles virus in active otosclerosis. | because of the similarity between otosclerosis and paget's disease of bone, and the mounting evidence of a viral cause in paget's disease, we have investigated a possible viral cause for otosclerosis. transmission electron microscopy of stapes footplate fragments with active otosclerosis has revealed structures morphologically identical with measles virus nucleocapsid in osteoblasts and preosteoblasts. immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase studies have confirmed the presence of measles nucleoc ... | 1990 | 2173335 |
| antibodies to epstein-barr virus in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. | antibody titers to epstein-barr virus were determined in 13 patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and in 13 healthy race-, age-, and sex-matched controls. both the geometric mean titer of igg antibodies to the epstein-barr virus capsid antigen and the proportion with high titers of igg antibodies to the epstein-barr virus capsid antigen (greater than or equal to 1:640) were significantly higher in 12 seropositive patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome than in 12 seropositive c ... | 1990 | 2173898 |
| vaccination status and seroprevalence of measles and polio antibodies in 1-6-year-old children in the elim health ward of gazankulu. | seroprevalence was used to evaluate the vaccination programme in the elim health ward of gazankulu. antibodies to measles and polio were measured in 1-6-year-old children together with vaccination status. in 224 children studied using a cluster sampling technique, vaccine coverage was found to be 86% for measles and over 90% for polio and diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus. it was difficult to determine vaccine failure rates accurately; 21% of children were seronegative after having received meas ... | 1990 | 2174579 |
| fowlpox virus recombinant encoding the measles virus fusion protein: protection of mice against fatal measles encephalitis. | a recombinant fowlpox virus engineered to encode the measles virus fusion protein was shown to protect mice against a challenge measles infection. a vaccine dose of about 10(6) p.f.u. was needed to protect nearly 100% of the animals. mice failed to develop a significant level of antibodies directed against measles virus suggesting that other components of the immune system may be involved. | 1990 | 2174596 |
| simultaneous infection with human herpesvirus-6 and measles virus in infants. | two infants (4 and 5 months of age) with a febrile episode for 3 and 5 days, respectively, developed skin rashes after the fever subsided and were diagnosed as exanthem subitum. the rash continued for 5 days followed by mild-to-moderate pigmentation. human herpesvirus-6 and measles virus, which were confirmed by a specific immunofluorescence assay and by electron microscopy, were isolated simultaneously from blood in the acute stage of the disease but not from the convalescent stage. the titer o ... | 1990 | 2176675 |
| duration of live measles vaccine-induced immunity. | | 1990 | 2179836 |
| use of immunocytochemistry and biotinylated in situ hybridisation for detecting measles virus in central nervous system tissue. | optimised immunocytochemical (icc) and in situ hybridisation (ish) protocols for long term, formalin fixed, central nervous system tissue infected with measles virus were developed. the effectiveness of 10 proteases for the enzymatic unmasking of formalin fixed antigen and nucleic acid was investigated. protease viii gave maximal signal generation with optimal tissue preservation and no background staining for both techniques. the use of a microwave oven as an additional pre-hybridisation step f ... | 1990 | 2187906 |
| measles vaccines. | measles vaccine is one of the safest and most effective vaccines currently available. use of the vaccine has decreased the incidence of measles in both developed and developing countries. nevertheless, preventable morbidity and mortality continue to occur. in the united states, the measles problem differs when it occurs among preschool-aged children or school-aged children. the former is a due to insufficient vaccine delivery. for measles in school-aged and college students, the problem is prima ... | 1990 | 2190141 |
| immunodetection of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i core protein in biological samples by using a monoclonal antibody immunoassay. | a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay (eia) has been developed for detection of human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i) core protein. the monoclonal antibody (clone 6.11) specifically recognizes the p19 gag gene-encoded protein of the virus. the eia was over 100 times more sensitive than reverse transcriptase measurement and was capable of responding to less than 500 pg of whole-virus lysate. the assay exhibited type specificity in that htlv-ii antigens failed to produce a posit ... | 1990 | 2191015 |
| isolation of viable virus from a patient with atypical measles and rash in an inverse photodistribution. | | 1990 | 2196290 |
| detection of measles virus genomic sequences in sspe brain tissue by the polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was modified to detect rna genomic sequences by generating cdna copies of these sequences as a preliminary step. oligonucleotide primer pairs complementary to sequences in each of the five major structural protein genes of the measles virus (nucleocapsid protein, phosphoprotein, matrix protein, fusion protein, and hemagglutinin protein) were synthesized. pcr products were tentatively identified by visualization of bands of the appropriate size by ethidium brom ... | 1990 | 2196335 |
| restricted expression of measles virus in primary rat astroglial cells. | persistent infection of the central nervous system (cns) with measles virus (mv) is associated with characteristic restrictions of viral envelope gene expression as documented in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), measles inclusion body encephalitis (mibe), or subacute measles encephalitis (same) in rats. to determine whether these restrictions are the result of a long lasting virus-host cell interaction or primarily based on intrinsic brain cell factors mv gene expression was analyzed ... | 1990 | 2196745 |
| [immuno-epidemiologic considerations on the prevention of measles in mexico]. | study results of passive natural immunity anti-measles, and immune response to measles vaccine from different strains in mexican children under one year old, are described in this paper. mexican infants in these studies ended their maternal immunity at 8-10 months of age. edmonston-zagreb (ez) vaccine strain had higher seroconversion rates comparing to schwarz strain. dose response effect was more closely related to schwarz strain than ez, since difference in seroconversion rates with standard, ... | 1990 | 2206412 |
| [titration and stability tests for antimeasles vaccine]. | production and quality of the vaccines, are important activities in the prevention of measles disease. edmonston-zagreb measles vaccine is the main strain attenuated virus distributed in méxico. in order to evaluate the titer of edmonston-zagreb and schwarz vaccines, 50% tissue culture infective dose (tcid50/0.5 ml) and plaque-forming units (pfu) are performed in the national laboratory of public health. furthermore pfu is a method used in the stability vaccine test. validation criteria are desc ... | 1990 | 2206418 |
| [retinitis disclosing subacute sclerosing panencephalitis]. | sspe is a panencephalitis who involves children and who leads to death. it is due to a defective measles virus. ophthalmologic features are frequent and may be the first manifestation of the disease. the most typical ocular involvement is retinitis which can be misdiagnosed as a toxoplasmosis. | 1990 | 2208510 |
| prediction and identification of a t cell epitope in the fusion protein of measles virus immunodominant in mice and humans. | amino acid residues 288 to 302 of the fusion protein of measles virus were predicted by a variety of methods to represent a putative t cell epitope. this sequence was synthesized and the peptide was injected into mice of six inbred strains to test this possibility. lymphocytes from peptide-immunized mice from all six h-2 disparate strains were able to mount a proliferative response following in vitro culture with the peptide. in addition, lymphocytes from three strains also proliferated in the p ... | 1990 | 2212993 |
| [a mixed infection of lymphoid cell lines by the human t-lymphotropic retrovirus type i (htlv-i) and the measles vaccine virus]. | interaction of htlv-1 and vaccine strain of measles virus (vm-l16) in different t and b cell lines was studied. vm-l16 replicated in t and b cells with a cytopathic effect. at a multiplicity of infection of 1 tcd50 per 10 cells, all the cells in cultures died within 4-13 days. no effect of htlv-1 on cell sensitivity to vm-l16 was demonstrated. htlv-1 produced in various t-cell lines had different syncytium-forming activity in xc cell cultures. cocultivation of c91/pl cells with xc cells led to t ... | 1990 | 2219854 |
| [the determination of viral antibodies in patients with disseminated sclerosis]. | | 1990 | 2219859 |