| differential response of porcine immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells to virulent and inactivated transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | exposure of piglets less than 2 weeks of age to virulent transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) gives rise to mortality as high as 100%, and adult pigs recovering from its infection often become tgev carriers. these facts suggest an evasion of the immune system by virulent tgev. in this study, we showed that a virulent tgev shxb strain could infect porcine immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mo-dcs), and down-regulate cell surface markers (sla-ii-dr, cd1a and cd80/86). moreover, shxb- ... | 2014 | 25307113 |
| effects of virulent and attenuated transmissible gastroenteritis virus on the ability of porcine dendritic cells to sample and present antigen. | virulent transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) results in an acute, severe pathology and high mortality in piglets, while attenuated tgev only causes moderate clinical reactions. dendritic cells (dcs), through uptake and presentation of antigens to t cells, initiate distinct immune responses to different infections. in this study, an attenuated tgev (stc3) and a virulent tgev (shxb) were used to determine whether porcine dcs play an important role in pathogenetic differences between these t ... | 2014 | 24742951 |
| high-dose dietary zinc oxide mitigates infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus in piglets. | zinc (zn) supplementation has been shown to reduce the incidence of diarrhea and to protect animals from intestinal diseases, but the mechanisms of this protective effect against virus infection in vivo have not yet been elucidated. transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) causes diarrhea in piglets with an age-dependent decrease of severity. | 2014 | 24673930 |
| a lysine-methionine exchange in a coronavirus surface protein transforms a retention motif into an endocytosis signal. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is an enveloped (+) rna virus belonging to the family coronaviridae. among the viral membrane proteins, the spike (s) protein mediates receptor recognition/attachment to the host cell and fusion of viral and cellular membranes. the cytoplasmic tail of the s protein contains a tyrosine-dependent sorting signal with the consensus sequence yxxφ. in the context of the s protein of tgev (1440yepi1443), this motif acts as a retention signal, preventing surfac ... | 2014 | 24603841 |
| inhibitory effect of silver nanomaterials on transmissible virus-induced host cell infections. | coronaviruses belong to the family coronaviridae, which primarily cause infection of the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of hosts. transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is an economically significant coronavirus that can cause severe diarrhea in pigs. silver nanomaterials (ag nms) have attracted great interests in recent years due to their excellent anti-microorganism properties. herein, four representative ag nms including spherical ag nanoparticles (ag nps, nm-300), two kinds ... | 2014 | 24524838 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of n gene of transmissible gastroenteritis virus hym-09 isolated from dog in china. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is the etiological agent of tge, and dogs are potential carriers of tgev. in this study, genomic rna were extracted from tgev designated hym-09 isolated from dog naturally infected with tgev. the nucleocapsid (n) gene of hym-09 was amplified by rt-pcr and cloned into pmd18-t vector. the n gene cdna was sequenced and encompassed an open reading frame of 1,149 nucleotides, encoding a 382-amino acids protein. sequence analyses of the n genes were performed ... | 2012 | 24293826 |
| regulation of ros in transmissible gastroenteritis virus-activated apoptotic signaling. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), an enteropathogenic coronavirus, causes severe lethal watery diarrhea and dehydration in piglets. previous studies indicate that tgev infection induces cell apoptosis in host cells. in this study, we investigated the roles and regulation of reactive oxygen species (ros) in tgev-activated apoptotic signaling. the results showed that tgev infection induced ros accumulation, whereas uv-irradiated tgev did not promote ros accumulation. in addition, tgev in ... | 2013 | 24225120 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection induces cell cycle arrest at s and g2/m phases via p53-dependent pathway. | p53 signaling pathway plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle. our previous studies have demonstrated that tgev infection induces the activation of p53 signaling pathway. in this study we investigated the effects of tgev infection on the cell cycle of host cells and the roles of p53 activation in this process. the results showed that tgev infection induced cell cycle arrest at s and g2/m phases in both asynchronous and synchronized pk-15 and st cells, while uv-inactivated tgev lo ... | 2013 | 24095767 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus: identification of m protein-binding peptide ligands with antiviral and diagnostic potential. | the membrane (m) protein is one of the major structural proteins of coronavirus particles. in this study, the m protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was used to biopan a 12-mer phage display random peptide library. three phages expressing tgev-m-binding peptides were identified and characterized in more depth. a phage-based immunosorbent assay (phage-elisa) capable of differentiating tgev from other coronaviruses was developed using one phage, phtgev-m7, as antigen. when the pha ... | 2013 | 23830854 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection induces cell apoptosis via activation of p53 signalling. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) infection induced apoptosis in several cell lines in vitro. our previous studies demonstrated that tgev could activate fasl- and mitochondria-mediated pathways to induce apoptosis in pk-15 cells. in this study, we investigated the regulation of p53 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) signalling pathways in the interaction of tgev with host cells. we observed that tgev infection decreased p300/cbp, downregulated mdm2 and promoted p53 phospho ... | 2013 | 23677787 |
| a monoclonal antibody against transmissible gastroenteritis virus generated via immunization of a dna plasmid bearing tgev s1 gene. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is a member of the coronaviruses. the viral spike (s) protein of tgev mediates interaction between tgev and its susceptible cells. herein, dna plasmid bearing tgev s1 gene (the n terminal half of tgev s gene) was used to immunize balb/c mice followed by generation of a monoclonal antibody (mab) using the hybridoma technique. the generated mab (1h4) was identified by elisa. immunofluorescence assays showed that mab 1h4 was able to detect infection of cel ... | 2013 | 23600507 |
| monoclonal antibody against membrane protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is a porcine coronavirus that can cause piglet diarrhea with high mortality rates. tgev membrane (m) protein not only plays a vital role in the process of virus assembly and budding, but also induces the production of interferon-α during infection. in this study, a monoclonal antibody (mab) designated 7g7, against the tgev m protein was generated by inoculating balb/c mice with tgev followed by hybridoma technique. immunofluorescence assays indicated th ... | 2013 | 23600504 |
| identification and molecular characterization of porcine kobuvirus in u. s. swine. | porcine kobuvirus has been associated with piglet diarrhea in asia and europe, but there are no reports of its presence in the u.s. swine farms. we screened intestinal contents from 114 diarrheic pigs and fecal samples from 46 apparently healthy pigs to determine the presence of kobuvirus by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction using 3d (rna polymerase) region primers (amplicon size 216 bp). the samples from ill pigs came from 15 different u.s. states, while those from healthy pigs we ... | 2013 | 23334473 |
| complete genome of transmissible gastroenteritis virus ayu strain isolated in shanghai, china. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus strain ayu was isolated in shanghai. the complete genome has a length of 28,582 bp and contains seven open reading frames. sequence analysis suggested that shanghai strain ayu and u.s. strain purdue p115 are derived from a common ancestor, as they have 99.6% similarity at the nucleotide level. | 2012 | 23043168 |
| antiviral activity of zinc salts against transmissible gastroenteritis virus in vitro. | zinc has been shown to mediate antiviral effects against certain viruses. however, the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. we investigated the effects of the two zinc salts, zinc chloride (zncl(2)) and zinc sulfate (znso(4)), on infection of swine testicle (st) cells with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and compared it to the effects of a control salt, magnesium sulfate (mgso(4)). virus yield reduction experiments showed that zncl(2) and znso(4) did not exhibit direct vir ... | 2012 | 22818659 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection induces apoptosis through fasl- and mitochondria-mediated pathways. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) has been reported to induce apoptosis in swine testis (st) cells. however, the mechanisms underlying tgev-induced apoptosis are still unclear. in this study we observed that tgev infection induced apoptosis in porcine kidney (pk-15) cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. tgev infection up-regulated fasl, activated fasl-mediated apoptotic pathway, leading to activation of caspase-8 and cleavage of bid. in addition, tgev infection down-regulated bcl- ... | 2012 | 22341312 |
| seroprevalence of economically important viral pathogens in swine populations of trinidad and tobago, west indies. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and identify the strains of swine influenza virus (swiv), as well as the seroprevalence of porcine parvovirus (ppv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), and classical swine fever virus (csfv) in pigs in trinidad and tobago (t&t). blood samples (309) were randomly collected from pigs at farms ... | 2017 | 28523387 |
| persistent tgev infection enhances etec k88 adhesion by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition in intestinal epithelial cells. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is a coronavirus, characterized by diarrhea, high morbidity, and the mortality is 100% in piglets less than 2 weeks old. pigs infected with tgev are often suffer secondary infection with other pathogens, which aggravates the severity of diarrhea, but the mechanisms remain unknown. here, we hypothesized that persistent tgev infection stimulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt), thereby generating cells that more easily adhere to enterotoxigeni ... | 2017 | 28794036 |
| development and application of a recombinant m protein-based indirect elisa for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus igg antibodies. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a recently identified coronavirus in the genus deltacoronavirus that can cause enteric disease including diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration and mortality in neonatal piglets. serological assays to detect anti-pdcov antibodies are presently limited to certain laboratories and geographic regions. in this study, a recombinant m protein-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pdcov-rm elisa) was developed and utilized to determine the prevalence of anti-pdc ... | 2017 | 28860101 |
| development and validation of monoclonal antibody-based antigen capture elisa for detection of group a porcine rotavirus. | porcine rotavirus-a (porva) is one of the common causes of mild to severe dehydrating diarrhea, leading to losses in weaning and postweaning piglets. a rapid, highly specific, and sensitive antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ac-elisa) was developed for detection of porva, by using vp6 (a highly conserved and antigenic protein of group-a rotavirus)-directed rabbit polyclonal antibodies (capture antibody) and murine monoclonal antibodies (detector antibody). the detection limit of ... | 2017 | 28414586 |
| environmental persistence of porcine coronaviruses in feed and feed ingredients. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine delta corona virus (pdcov), and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) are major threats to swine health and contaminated feed plays a role in virus transmission. the objective of our study was to characterize inactivation of pedv, pdcov, and tgev in various feed ingredient matrices. samples of complete feed, spray dried porcine plasma, meat meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, corn, soybean meal, and corn dried distillers grains with solubles ... | 2017 | 28542235 |
| sequence of the nucleoprotein gene from a virulent british field isolate of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and its expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | subgenomic mrna from a virulent isolate of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was used to produce cdna which was sequenced. two non-overlapping open reading frames (orfs) were identified. the largest, encoding a polypeptide of 382 amino acids (relative molecular mass (mr ) 43 483), was shown to be the viral nucleoprotein gene. the second orf, found 3'to the larger orf, encodes a polypeptide of 78 amino acids (mr 9068) which has yet to be assigned to a viral product. the nucleopro ... | 1988 | 28776791 |
| cellular rna helicase ddx1 is involved in transmissible gastroenteritis virus nsp14-induced interferon-beta production. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), an enteropathogenic coronavirus (cov) of porcine, causes lethal watery diarrhea and severe dehydration in piglets and leads to severe economic losses in the swine industry. unlike most covs that antagonize type i interferon (ifn) production, previous studies showed that tgev infection induces ifn-i production both in vivo and in vitro. however, the underlying mechanism(s) remain largely unknown. in this study, we found that tgev infection significantly ... | 2017 | 28848548 |
| identification of a natural recombinant transmissible gastroenteritis virus between purdue and miller clusters in china. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is an infective coronavirus (cov) that causes diarrhea-related morbidity and mortality in piglets. for the first time, a natural recombination strain of a tgev anhui hefei (ahhf) virus between the purdue and the miller clusters was isolated from the small intestine content of piglets in china. a phylogenetic tree based on a complete genome sequence placed the tgev ahhf strain between the purdue and the miller clusters. the results of a computational ana ... | 2017 | 28831195 |
| phylogenetic analyses suggest that factors other than the capsid protein play a role in the epidemic potential of gii.2 norovirus. | norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. for over two decades, a single genotype (gii.4) has been responsible for most norovirus-associated cases. however, during the winter of 2014 to 2015, the gii.4 strains were displaced by a rarely detected genotype (gii.17) in several countries of the asian continent. moreover, during the winter of 2016 to 2017, the gii.2 strain reemerged as predominant in different countries worldwide. this reemerging gii.2 strain is a recombinant ... | 2017 | 28529975 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection induces nf-κb activation through rlr-mediated signaling. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is a porcine enteric coronavirus which causes lethal severe watery diarrhea in piglets. the pathogenesis of tgev is strongly associated with inflammation. in this study, we found that tgev infection activates transcription factors nf-κb, irf3 and ap-1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner in porcine kidney cells. treatment with the nf-κb-specific inhibitor bay11-7082 significantly decreased tgev-induced proinflammatory cytokine production, but did not af ... | 2017 | 28448848 |
| identification of anti-viral activity of the cardenolides, na(+)/k(+)-atpase inhibitors, against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | a series of naturally occurring cardenolides that exhibit potent anti-transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) activity in swine testicular (st) cells has been identified. in an immunofluorescence assay, these cardenolides were found to diminish the expressions of tgev nucleocapsid and spike protein, which was used as an indication for viral replication; block tgev infection induced apoptosis and cytopathic effects; and impart the same trend of inhibitory activity against na(+)/k(+)-atpase as ... | 2017 | 28438630 |
| discovery of a novel swine enteric alphacoronavirus (seacov) in southern china. | outbreaks of diarrhea in newborn piglets without detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), have been recorded in a pig farm in southern china since february 2017. isolation and propagation of the pathogen in cell culture resulted in discovery of a novel swine enteric alphacoronavirus (tentatively named seacov) related to the bat coronavirus hku2 identified in the same region a decade ago. specific fluores ... | 2017 | 29102111 |
| a simple and rapid identification method for newly emerged porcine deltacoronavirus with loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly emerged enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes diarrhea and mortality in neonatal piglets. pdcov has spread to many countries around the world, leading to significant economic losses in the pork industry. therefore, a rapid and sensitive method for detection of pdcov in clinical samples is urgently needed. | 2017 | 28934984 |
| swine enteric coronavirus disease: a review of 4 years with porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus in the united states and canada. | swine enteric coronaviruses, including porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), have emerged and spread throughout the north american swine industry over the last four years. these diseases cause significant losses within the pork industry and within the first year after pedv introduction, approximately 10% of the us herd died due to the disease. similar to other enteric coronaviruses, such as transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), these emerging swine e ... | 2018 | 29392870 |
| detection and phylogenetic analyses of spike genes in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains circulating in china in 2016-2017. | large-scale outbreaks of porcine epidemic diarrhea (ped) have re-emerged in china in recent years. however, little is known about the genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of field strains of ped virus (pedv) in china in 2016-2017. to address this issue, in this study, 116 diarrhea samples were collected from pig farms in 6 chinese provinces in 2016-2017 and were detected using pcr for main porcine enteric pathogens, including pedv, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), porcine transmissible ... | 2017 | 29017599 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus papain-like protease 1 antagonizes production of interferon-βthrough its deubiquitinase activity. | coronaviruses (covs), such as human coronavirus nl63 (hcov-nl63), severe acute respiratory syndrome cov (sars-cov), murine hepatitis virus (mhv), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), encode papain-like (pl) proteases that inhibit sendai virus- (sev-) induced interferon (ifn-β) production. recently, the crystal structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) pl1 has been solved, which was similar to that of sars-cov pl2pro, w ... | 2017 | 29201911 |
| rapid detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in swine small intestine samples using real-time reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification. | a rapid and specific real-time reverse-transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assay (rt-rpa) was developed to detect the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in this study. the primers and exo probe were designed to be specific for a portion of spike (s) gene conserved in tgev, but absent in the closely related porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv). the amplification was performed at 40 °c for 20 min. the assay could only detect the tgev, and there was no cross-reaction with o ... | 2018 | 29550352 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus nsp7 protein localized in the cytoplasm down-regulates interleukin 8 expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cell. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is an important pathogen in swine that is responsible for substantial economic losses. previous studies suggest that the tgev non-structural protein 7 (nsp7) plays an important role in the viral assembly process. however, the subcellular localization and other functions of the tgev nsp7 protein are still unclear. in this study we have examined the subcellular localization and other functions of tgev nsp7 protein through analysis of its effects on cell g ... | 2018 | 29521102 |
| a nano silicon adjuvant enhances inactivated transmissible gastroenteritis vaccine through activation the toll-like receptors and promotes humoral and cellular immune responses. | inactivated transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) vaccines are widely used in swine herds in china. these are limited, however, by the need to elicit both humoral and cellular immunity, as well as the efficiency of adjuvants. in this study, a 70-nm nano silicon particle was applied with inactivated tgev vaccine in mice, and its immune-enhancing effects and mechanism of action investigated. we found that nano silicon applied with inactivated tgev vaccine induced high antibody titers, increas ... | 2018 | 29501635 |
| development of a one-step rt-pcr assay for detection of pancoronaviruses (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-coronaviruses) using newly designed degenerate primers for porcine and avian `fecal samples. | coronaviruses (covs) are critical human and animal pathogens because of their potential to cause severe epidemics of respiratory or enteric diseases. in pigs, the newly emerged porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) and re-emerged porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) reported in the us and asia, as well as the discovery of novel covs in wild bats or birds, has necessitated development of improved detection and control measures for these covs. because the previous pancoronavirus (pancov) rt-pcr estab ... | 2018 | 29499225 |
| diarrhea caused by rotavirus a, b, and c in suckling piglets from southern brazil: molecular detection and histologic and immunohistochemical characterization. | rotavirus (rv) is an important viral pathogen causing diarrhea in piglets and other mammals worldwide. we describe 34 cases from 4 diarrheal outbreaks caused by rv in unvaccinated farrowing units in southern brazil from 2011 to 2013. we performed autopsy, histologic examinations, bacterial culture, rv immunohistochemistry (ihc), and enteric virus detection through molecular assays for rotavirus a, b, and c, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, sapovirus, noroviru ... | 2018 | 29455625 |
| improving virus taxonomy by recontextualizing sequence-based classification with biologically relevant data: the case of thealphacoronavirus 1species. | the difficulties related to virus taxonomy have been amplified by recent advances in next-generation sequencing and metagenomics, prompting the field to revisit the question of what constitutes a useful viral classification. here, taking a challenging classification found in coronaviruses, we argue that consideration of biological properties in addition to sequence-based demarcations is critical for generating useful taxonomy that recapitulates complex evolutionary histories. within thealphacoro ... | 2018 | 29299531 |
| understanding tgev-etec coinfection through the lens of proteomics: a tale of porcine diarrhea. | porcine diarrhea and gastroenteritis are major causes of piglet mortality that result in devastating economic losses to the industry. a plethora of pathogens can cause these diseases, with the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli k88 (etec) being two of the most salient. in the december 2017 issue of proteomics clinical aplications, xia and colleagues used comparative proteomics to shed light on how these microbes interact to cause severe disease . the ... | 2017 | 29281177 |
| structural basis for the inhibition of host gene expression by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus nsp1. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), an enteropathogenicalphacoronavirus, has caused enormous economic losses in the pork industry. nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) is a characteristic feature of alpha- and betacoronaviruses, which exhibits both functional conservation and mechanistic diversity in inhibiting host gene expression and antiviral responses. however, the detailed structure and molecular mechanisms underlying thealphacoronavirusnsp1 inhibition of host gene expression remain unclear. ... | 2018 | 29237834 |
| microrna-4331 promotes transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev)-induced mitochondrial damage via targeting rb1, upregulating interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (il1rap), and activating p38 mapk pathwayin vitro. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), a member of the coronaviridae family, could cause fatal diarrhea of piglets and result in numerous economic losses. previous studies demonstrated that tgev infection could lead to mitochondrial damage and upregulate mir-4331 level. so mir-4331 may play an important regulatory role in the control of mitochondrial function. to explore the potential role of mir-4331 in mitochondrial damage, we adopted a strategy consisting of quantitative proteomic analys ... | 2018 | 29217619 |
| proteomic analysis of ipec-j2 cells in response to coinfection by porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli k88. | piglet diarrhea causes large economic losses to the swine industry. epidemiological investigations show that piglet diarrhea is often caused by mixed infections, but the mechanisms by which multiple microorganisms cause disease are unclear. | 2017 | 29090858 |
| immunogenicity of egfp-marked recombinant lactobacillus casei against transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) are the causative agents of highly fatal acute diarrhea in pigs, resulting in enormous losses in the pig industry worldwide. to develop an effective bivalent oral vaccine against tgev and pedv infection, the d antigenic site of the tgev spike (s) protein and the major antigen site (core neutralizing epitope-coe) of the pedv s protein were used as immunogens, and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (e ... | 2017 | 28946696 |
| cd163 and papn double-knockout pigs are resistant to prrsv and tgev and exhibit decreased susceptibility to pdcov while maintaining normal production performance. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) are two highly infectious and lethal viruses causing major economic losses to pig production. here, we report generation of double-gene-knockout (dko) pigs harboring edited knockout alleles for known receptor proteins cd163 and papn and show that dko pigs are completely resistant to genotype 2 prrsv and tgev. we found no differences in meat-production or reproductive-performance traits betw ... | 2020 | 32876563 |
| receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors block proliferation of tgev mainly through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. | emerging coronaviruses (covs) primarily cause severe gastroenteric or respiratory diseases in humans and animals, and no approved therapeutics are currently available. here, a9, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (rtki) of the tyrphostin class, is identified as a robust inhibitor of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) infection in cell-based assays. moreover, a9 exhibited potent antiviral activity against the replication of various covs, including murine hepatitis virus (mhv), porcine e ... | 2020 | 31751591 |
| status report on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the united states. | on 16 may 2013, the usda animal and plant health inspection service, national veterinary services laboratories reported the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in the united states for the first time.this virus causes severe diarrhea and vomiting in young pigs. porcine epidemic diarrhea virus does not infect humans and is not a food safety risk.this virus is already found in many countries around the world, and there is no us official regulation of the virus and no export restrictions t ... | 2014 | 32288969 |
| retrospective serological survey on selected viral pathogens in wild boar populations in germany. | the objective of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the occurrence of porcine parvovirus (ppv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and swine influenza virus (siv) in selected wild boar populations in germany (n = 1,221). commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition tests were used for serological monitoring. the sero ... | 2009 | 32214937 |
| a serological survey of selected pathogens in wild boar (sus scrofa) in northern turkey. | during the hunting season in march 2012, a total of 93 blood samples were collected from wild boars (sus scrofa) shot in the area of northern turkey (samsun and gumushane provinces). these blood samples were examined by enzyme immunoassay (elisa) for the presence of antibodies to classical swine fever virus (csfv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), swine influenza virus (siv), porcine parvovirus (p ... | 2013 | 32214940 |
| prospects for the use of spherical gold nanoparticles in immunization. | recent years have seen extremely fast development of new viral nanovaccines and diagnostic agents using nanostructures prepared by biological and chemical synthesis. we used spherical gold nanoparticles (average diameter, 15 nm) as a platform for the antigen for swine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). the literature data demonstrate that immunization of animals with the tgev antigen coupled to gold nanoparticles (gnps) not only activates antigen-presenting cells but also increases the ... | 2019 | 30402771 |
| prevalence and genomic characteristics of a novel reassortment mammalian orthoreovirus type 2 in diarrhea piglets in sichuan, china. | mammalian orthoreovirus (mrv), which can infect almost all mammals, is a zoonotic virus. in this study, six strains of type 2 mrv (mrv2) were isolated from 7 diarrhea piglets from a farm that had an outbreak of diarrhea in piglets in 2018, which tested negative for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and porcine group a rotavirus (rav). the mrv2 isolate infected neonatal piglets, in which it induced severe ... | 2020 | 32544614 |
| preparation and physicochemical property of chicken yolk immunoglobulin (igy) against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). | oral administration of immunoglobulin prepared from the egg yolk of hens immunized with porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) has been demonstrated to reduce piglets mortality significantly in our previous studies. in the present study, we investigated the stability of chicken yolk immunoglobulin (igy) specific to tgev by measuring the remaining activity by elisa. the results showed that the igy was stable between ph 4 and ph 11. in the incubation with pepsin at ph 4 and ph 6, about ... | 2009 | 32214987 |
| sars-cov-2 in environmental perspective: occurrence, persistence, surveillance, inactivation and challenges. | the unprecedented global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) caused by sars-cov-2 is depicting the distressing pandemic consequence on human health, economy as well as ecosystem services. so far novel coronavirus (cov) outbreaks were associated with sars-cov-2 (2019), middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov, 2012), and sars-cov-1 (2003) events. cov relates to the enveloped family of betacoronavirus (βcov) with positive-sense single-stranded rna (+ssrna). knowing ... | 2021 | 32901196 |
| minimum determinants of transmissible gastroenteritis virus enteric tropism are located in the n-terminus of spike protein. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is an enteric coronavirus causing high morbidity and mortality in porcine herds worldwide, that possesses both enteric and respiratory tropism. the ability to replicate in the enteric tract directly correlates with virulence, as tgevs with an exclusive respiratory tropism are attenuated. the tissue tropism is determined by spike (s) protein, although the molecular bases for enteric tropism remain to be fully characterized. both papn and sialic acid bind ... | 2019 | 31861369 |
| surface-displayed porcine ifn-λ3 in lactobacillus plantarum inhibits porcine enteric coronavirus infection of porcine intestinal epithelial cells. | interferon (ifn)-λ plays an essential role in mucosal cells which exhibit strong antiviral activity. lactobacillus plantarum (l. plantarum) has substantial application potential in the food and medical industries because of its probiotic properties. alphacoronaviruses, especially porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), cause high morbidity and mortality in piglets resulting in economic loss. co-infection by these two viruses is becoming increasingly ... | 2020 | 31838830 |
| interferon gamma inhibits transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection mediated by an irf1 signaling pathway. | interferon gamma (ifn-γ) is best known for its ability to regulate host immune responses; however, its direct antiviral activity is less well studied. transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is an economically important swine enteric coronavirus and causes acute diarrhea in piglets. at present, little is known about the function of ifn-γ in the control of tgev infection. in this study, we demonstrated that ifn-γ inhibited tgev infection directly in st cells and intestine epithelial ipec-j2 ce ... | 2019 | 31385116 |
| recombinant chimeric transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) - porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) virus provides protection against virulent pedv. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is an enteric coronavirus causing high morbidity and mortality in porcine herds worldwide. although both inactivated and live attenuated vaccines have been extensively used, the emergence of highly virulent strains and the recurrent outbreaks even in vaccinated farms highlight the need of effective vaccines. engineering of genetically defined live attenuated vaccines is a rational approach for novel vaccine development. in this line, we engineered an attenu ... | 2019 | 31349683 |
| susceptibility of porcine ipi-2i intestinal epithelial cells to infection with swine enteric coronaviruses. | swine enteric coronavirus (cov) is an important group of pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets. at least four kinds of swine enteric covs have been identified, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), and the emerging hku2-like porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (peav). the small intestines, particularly the jejunum and ileum, are the most common targets of these four covs in vivo, and co-infections by these cov ... | 2019 | 31176408 |
| a taqman-probe-based multiplex real-time rt-qpcr for simultaneous detection of porcine enteric coronaviruses. | swine enteric coronaviruses are a group of most significant pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets with similar clinical symptoms and pathological changes. to develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and high-throughput detection method for diagnosis and differential diagnosis on swine enteric coronaviruses, specific primers and probes were designed based on the highly conserved regions of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) n, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) m, porcine deltacoronavirus ( ... | 2019 | 31025076 |
| biological and antigenic relationships between virus-induced porcine and human interferons. | endogenous interferon (ifn) made by the newborn piglet in response to enteric coronavirus tgev (transmissible gastroenteritis virus) infection was identified as leukocytic ifn (ifn-α). indeed, the antiviral activity found in the serum and in the urine of infected piglets displayed the same main biological and antigenic properties as the ifn induced in influenza-infected pig leukocytes. it is therefore concluded that most, if not all, circulating ifn activity must be derived from lymphoid cells. ... | 2020 | 32288182 |
| application of nanomaterials in treatment, anti-infection and detection of coronaviruses. | nanotechnology and nanomedicine have excellent potential in dealing with a range of different health problems, including viruses, which are considered to be a serious challenge in the medical field. application of nanobiotechnology could represent a new avenue for the treatment or disinfection of viruses. there is increasing concern regarding the control of coronaviruses, among these, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and severe acute res ... | 2020 | 32378459 |
| a conserved region of nonstructural protein 1 from alphacoronaviruses inhibits host gene expression and is critical for viral virulence. | coronaviruses are enveloped, single-stranded rna viruses that are distributed worldwide. they include transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), and the human coronaviruses severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov), many of which seriously endanger human health and well-being. only alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses harbor nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1), which performs multip ... | 2019 | 31350335 |
| retrospective detection and phylogenetic analysis of swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus in pigs in southern china. | swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (sads-cov), a novel coronavirus, was first discovered in southern china in january 2017 and caused a large scale outbreak of fatal diarrheal disease in piglets. here, we conducted a retrospective investigation of 236 samples from 45 swine farms with a clinical history of diarrheal disease to evaluate the emergence and the distribution of sads-cov in pigs in china. our results suggest that sads-cov has emerged in china at least since august 2016. meanwhi ... | 2019 | 30171801 |
| rhodanine derivative lj001 inhibits tgev and pdcov replication in vitro. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are members of the family coronaviridae and mainly cause acute diarrhea/vomiting, dehydration and mortality in piglets, which lead to huge economic losses to the swine industry. rhodanine derivative lj001 has been verified to be effective against some enveloped virus infections in vitro. in this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of lj001 towards tgev and pdcov replication on swine testicular(st) cells. our r ... | 2020 | 32956749 |
| postweaning mortality in commercial swine production ii: review of infectious contributing factors. | postweaning mortality is extremely complex with a multitude of noninfectious and infectious contributing factors. in the current review, our objective is to describe the current state of knowledge regarding infectious causes of postweaning mortality, focusing on estimates of frequency and magnitude of effect where available. while infectious mortality is often categorized by physiologic body system affected, we believe the complex multifactorial nature is better understood by an alternative stra ... | 2020 | 32705048 |
| agrodiag porcov: a multiplex immunoassay for the differential diagnosis of porcine enteric coronaviruses. | three different porcine enteric coronaviruses (pecs), i.e., porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are currently circulating in u.s. commercial swine herds. differential diagnosis of pecs relies on laboratory methods. this study describes the development of an elisa-like multiplex planar immunoassay based on virus-specific recombinant s1 proteins printed in an array of spots at the bottom of a 96-well microplate for ... | 2020 | 32562689 |
| rapid and visual detection of porcine deltacoronavirus by recombinase polymerase amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) is a newly emerging coronavirus that was first identified in 2012 in hong kong, china. since then, pdcov has subsequently been reported worldwide, causing a high number of neonatal piglet deaths and significant economic losses to the swine industry. therefore, it is necessary to establish a highly sensitive and specific method for the rapid diagnosis of pdcov. | 2020 | 32381014 |
| detecting and monitoring porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus, an underresearched betacoronavirus. | members of family coronaviridae cause a variety of diseases in birds and mammals. porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (phev), a lesser-researched coronavirus, can infect naive pigs of any age, but clinical disease is observed in pigs ≤4 weeks of age. no commercial phev vaccines are available, and neonatal protection from phev-associated disease is presumably dependent on lactogenic immunity. although subclinical phev infections are thought to be common, phev ecology in commercial sw ... | 2020 | 32376700 |
| the use of cells from anpep knockout pigs to evaluate the role of aminopeptidase n (apn) as a receptor for porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov). | the coronaviruses, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) represent important sources of neonatal diarrhea on pig farms. the requirement for aminopeptidase n (apn) as a receptor for tgev, but not for pedv, is well established. in this study, the biological relevance of apn as a receptor for pdcov was tested by using crispr/cas9 to knockout the apn gene, anpep, in pigs. porcine alveolar macrophages (pams) from anpep ... | 2020 | 32056711 |
| prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of porcine diarrhea associated viruses in southern china from 2012 to 2018. | in china, large-scale outbreaks of severe diarrhea caused by viruses have occurred in pigs since late 2010. to investigate the prevalence and genetic evolution of diarrhea-associated viruses responsible for the outbreaks, a total of 2987 field diarrheal samples collected from 168 pig farms in five provinces in southern china during 2012-2018 were tested. | 2019 | 31881873 |
| nucleocapsid proteins from other swine enteric coronaviruses differentially modulate pedv replication. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) share tropism for swine intestinal epithelial cells. whether mixing of viral components during co-infection alters pathogenic outcomes or viral replication is not known. in this study, we investigated how different coronavirus nucleocapsid (cov n) proteins interact and affect pedv replication. we found that pdcov n and tgev n can competitively interact with pedv n. however, the ... | 2020 | 31756532 |
| development of a multiplex rt-pcr for the detection of major diarrhoeal viruses in pig herds in china. | the major enteric rna viruses in pigs include porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine rotavirus a (prv-a), porcine kobuvirus (pkv), porcine sapovirus (psav) and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov). for differential diagnosis, a multiplex rt-pcr method was established on the basis of the n genes of tgev, pedv and pdcov, the vp7 gene of prv-a, and the polyprotein genes of pkv and psav. this multiplex rt-pcr could specifically detect tgev, pedv, pdc ... | 2020 | 31597013 |
| dual priming oligonucleotide (dpo)-based real-time rt-pcr assay for accurate differentiation of four major viruses causing porcine viral diarrhea. | currently in china, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), porcine rotavirus (porv), and porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) are the major causes of porcine viral diarrhea, and mixed infections in clinics are common, resulting in significant economic losses in pig industry. here, a dual priming oligonucleotide (dpo)-based multiplex real-time sybr green rt-pcr assay were developed for accurately differentiating pedv, tgev, porv, and pdcov in clinical spec ... | 2019 | 31415867 |
| contribution of porcine aminopeptidase n to porcine deltacoronavirus infection. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), a member of genus deltacoronavirus, is an emerging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus (cov). although outstanding efforts have led to the identification of alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus receptors, the receptor for deltacoronavirus is unclear. here, we compared the amino acid sequences of several representative covs. phylogenetic analysis showed that pdcov spike (s) protein was close to the cluster containing transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), whi ... | 2018 | 29636467 |
| porcine deltacoronavirus engages the transmissible gastroenteritis virus functional receptor porcine aminopeptidase n for infectious cellular entry. | identification of cellular receptors used by coronavirus (cov) entry into the host cells is critical to an understanding of pathogenesis and to development of intervention strategies. the fourth cov genus, deltacoronavirus, evolutionarily related to the gammacoronavirus, has just been defined recently. in the current study, we demonstrate that porcine aminopeptidase n (papn) acts as a cross-genus cov functional receptor for both enteropathogenic porcine deltacoronovirus (pdcov) and alphacoronovi ... | 2018 | 29618640 |
| novel sars-cov-2/covid-19: origin, pathogenesis, genes and genetic variations, immune responses and phylogenetic analysis. | in this review, we focused on the origins of the novel coronavirus (sars-cov-2), origin, pathogenesis, immune responses, genes and genetic variations, phylogenetic analyses, and potential therapeutic strategies to summarize approaches for developing broadly effective preventions and vaccines to cope covid-19. towards the end of 2019, sars-cov-2 has emerged in association with the sars, later was named covid-19 caused an environment of chaos worldwide and infected a massive number of lives. since ... | 2020 | 32566803 |
| cultivation techniques for animal coronaviruses: emphasis on feline infectious peritonitis virus, canine coronavirus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus. | techniques are described for the growth and characterization of some mammalian coronaviruses. because of the fastidious nature of their growth requirements, most will replicate only in cells derived from the natural host or a closely related species. fetal cat cells are used to grow fipv, and porcine cells are used to grow tgev and hev. however, ccv will replicate in both feline and canine cells. although all four of these viruses prefer to replicate in a cell in the stationary phase of growth, ... | 1988 | 32214595 |
| prevalence of antibodies against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in hungary. | transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) is a highly contagious enteric disease of swine, which became infrequent with the appearance of porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv). tge was last reported in hungary in 2013 and the virus has not been found since, therefore a serological survey was planned to estimate the level of protection against it. 908 sera of sows from 93 farms were selected together with 174 archive samples from one farm covering a wider age group. all samples were screened with an i ... | 2019 | 32289094 |
| the n-terminal domain of spike protein is not the enteric tropism determinant for transmissible gastroenteritis virus in piglets. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is the etiologic agent of transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs, and the n-terminal domain of tgev spike protein is generally recognized as both the virulence determinant and enteric tropism determinant. here, we assembled a full-length infectious cdna clone of tgev in a bacterial artificial chromosome. using a novel approach, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (crispr)/crispr-associated protein 9 (cas9) systems efficiently and ... | 2019 | 30935078 |
| evaluation of the serologic cross-reactivity between transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus and porcine respiratory coronavirus using commercial blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. | this study compared the performances of three commercial transmissible gastroenteritis virus/porcine respiratory coronavirus (tgev/prcv) blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) using serum samples (n = 528) collected over a 49-day observation period from pigs inoculated with tgev strain purdue (n = 12), tgev strain miller (n = 12), prcv (n = 12), or with virus-free culture medium (n = 12). elisa results were evaluated both with "suspect" results interpreted as positive and then as n ... | 2019 | 30867325 |
| decline of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and its complex evolutionary relationship with porcine respiratory coronavirus in the united states. | the epidemiology and genetic diversity of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in the united states (us) was investigated by testing clinical cases for tgev by real time rt-pcr between january 2008 and november 2016. prevalence of tgev ranged between 3.8-6.8% and peaked during cold months until march 2013, in which prevalence decreased to < 0.1%. nineteen complete tgev genomes and a single strain of porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) from the us were generated and compared to historica ... | 2019 | 30850666 |
| evolution of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev): a codon usage perspective. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is a coronavirus associated with diarrhea and high mortality in piglets. to gain insight into the evolution and adaptation of tgev, a comprehensive analysis of phylogeny and codon usage bias was performed. the phylogenetic analyses of maximum likelihood and bayesian inference displayed two distinct genotypes: genotypes i and ii, and genotype i was classified into subtypes ia and ib. the compositional properties revealed that the coding sequence containe ... | 2020 | 33114322 |
| assessments of different inactivating reagents in formulating transmissible gastroenteritis virus vaccine. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) causes enteric infection in piglets, characterized by vomiting, severe diarrhea and dehydration, and the mortality in suckling piglets is often high up to 100%. vaccination is an effective measure to control the disease caused by tgev. | 2020 | 33097081 |
| covid 19 an infectious disease influenced in modern era - recent survey in india. | the virus which is called as corona spoiling many of human lives as well as countries growth. coronavirus is an infectious disease, so spreading from one person to other easily. till now there is no medicine for corona. world health organization (who) taking lot of steps to control it. in india many of them get affected by coronavirus called covid-19. a household survey is conducted nationally through online. this survey is a method for checking knowledge about the infectious virus. in this onli ... | 2020 | 33078095 |
| antiviral effects of bovine antimicrobial peptide against tgev in vivo and in vitro. | in suckling piglets, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) causes lethal diarrhea accompanied by high infection and mortality rates, leading to considerable economic losses. this study explored methods of preventing or inhibiting their production. bovine antimicrobial peptide-13 (apb-13) has antibacterial, antiviral, and immune functions. | 2020 | 33016025 |
| nitazoxanide and jib-04 have broad-spectrum antiviral activity and inhibit sars-cov-2 replication in cell culture and coronavirus pathogenesis in a pig model. | pathogenic coronaviruses represent a major threat to global public health. here, using a recombinant reporter virus-based compound screening approach, we identified several small-molecule inhibitors that potently block the replication of the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (sars-cov-2). two compounds, nitazoxanide and jib-04 inhibited sars-cov-2 replication in vero e6 cells with an ec 50 of 4.90 μm and 0.69 μm, respectively, with specificity indices of greater than 150. b ... | 2020 | 32995798 |
| next-generation porcine intestinal organoids: an apical-out organoid model for swine enteric virus infection and immune response investigations. | the intestinal organoid culture system is a pathbreaking working model for investigating pathogen-host interactions in the intestines. however, due to the limitations of the first generation of intestinal organoids, basal-out structure and growth in matrigel, most pathogens can rarely attach to the apical membrane directly and hardly initiate infection. in this study, we first developed a next-generation porcine intestinal organoid culture system, characterized by an apical membrane on the surfa ... | 2020 | 32796075 |
| genus-specific pattern of intrinsically disordered central regions in the nucleocapsid protein of coronaviruses. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein is conserved in all four genera of the coronaviruses, namely alpha, beta, gamma, and delta, and is essential for genome functionality. bioinformatic analysis of coronaviral n sequences revealed two intrinsically disordered regions (idrs) at the center of the polypeptide. while both idr structures were found in alpha, beta, and gamma-coronaviruses, the second idr was absent in deltacoronaviruses. two novel coronaviruses, currently placed in the gammacoronavirus genus, ... | 2020 | 32765822 |
| antiviral and virucidal effects of curcumin on transmissible gastroenteritis virus in vitro. | emerging coronaviruses represent serious threats to human and animal health worldwide, and no approved therapeutics are currently available. here, we used transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) as the alpha-coronavirus model, and investigated the antiviral properties of curcumin against tgev. our results demonstrated that curcumin strongly inhibited tgev proliferation and viral protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. we also observed that curcumin exhibited direct virucidal abilities ... | 2020 | 32677610 |
| molecular diversity of alphacoronavirus 1 in dogs and cats in colombia. | alphacoronavirus 1 (subgenus tegacovirus, genus alphacoronavirus, family coronaviridae), which encompasses transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), feline coronavirus (fcov) and canine coronavirus (ccov), is an important pathogen that can cause severe gastroenteritis and is distributed worldwide. ccov has two different genotypes: ccov type i, which has a high identity with fcov-i, and ccov type ii, which is divided into two subtypes, ccov iia (pantropic) and ccov iib, which is related to fcov ... | 2020 | 32665984 |
| microrna-4331-5p promotes fmdv replication through inhibiting interferon pathways in pk-15 cells. | micrornas play vital roles in regulating the battle between pathogens and host cells during viral challenging. mir-4331 aggravates transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) -induced mitochondrial damage, also suppresses transcription of tgev gene 7 via targeting cellular cdca7. otherwise, mir-4331-5p affects h1n1/2009 influenza a virus replication by targeting viral ha and ns. however, whether microrna ssc-mir-4331-5p (mir-4331-5p) regulates foot and mouth virus (fmdv) replication remains uncle ... | 2020 | 32574680 |
| role of porcine aminopeptidase n and sialic acids in porcine coronavirus infections in primary porcine enterocytes. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) have been reported to use aminopeptidase n (apn) as a cellular receptor. recently, the role of apn as a receptor for pedv has been questioned. in our study, the role of apn in pedv and tgev infections was studied in primary porcine enterocytes. after seven days of cultivation, 89% of enterocytes presented microvilli and showed a two- to five-fold higher susceptibility to pedv and tgev. a significant increase of ... | 2020 | 32260595 |
| characterization and evaluation of the pathogenicity of a natural recombinant transmissible gastroenteritis virus in china. | porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is one of the major etiological agents of viral enteritis and fetal diarrhea in suckling piglets. in this study, a tgev js2012 strain was isolated from the feces of piglets in jiangsu province, china. the phylogenetic analysis showed that tgev js2012 was placed between the purdue and the miller clusters. analysis of recombination confirmed that tgev js2012 is a natural recombinant strain between miller m6 and purdue 115. similar to miller m6, vi ... | 2020 | 32174456 |
| establishment of method for dual simultaneous detection of pedv and tgev by combination of magnetic micro-particles and nanoparticles. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) are the main pathogens causing viral diarrhea in pig, mixed infections of these two viruses are very common in intensive pig rearing. however, there is a lack of a method to simultaneously detect and distinguish pedv and tgev in preclinical levels. in this study, we aimed to establish a dual ultrasensitive nanoparticle dna probe-based pcr assay (dual undp-pcr) based on functionalized magnetic bead enrichment an ... | 2020 | 32147375 |
| identification and characterization of linear b cell epitopes on the nucleocapsid protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus using monoclonal antibodies. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), the most important pathogen causing severe diarrhea in piglets, is a highly conserved structural protein. in this study, 5 monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) against the pedv n-protein were prepared and identified. three new epitopes, 56qirwrmrrgeri67, 318gyaqiaslapnvaallfggnva vre342 and 398heeaiyddv406, were firstly identified in the viral n-protein, by using mcabs 3f10, 6a11, and 1c9. the epitope 398heeaiyddv406 was deleted in ... | 2020 | 32142743 |
| structural basis for inhibiting porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication with the 3c-like protease inhibitor gc376. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), being highly virulent and contagious in piglets, has caused significant damage to the pork industries of many countries worldwide. there are no commercial drugs targeting coronaviruses (covs), and few studies on anti-pedv inhibitors. the coronavirus 3c-like protease (3clpro) has a conserved structure and catalytic mechanism and plays a key role during viral polyprotein processing, thus serving as an appealing antiviral drug target. here, we report the anti ... | 2020 | 32098094 |
| decreased nhe3 activity and trafficking in tgev-infected ipec-j2 cells via the sglt1-mediated p38 mapk/akt2 pathway. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) primarily replicates in intestinal epithelial cells and causes severe damage to host cells, resulting in diarrhea. surface nhe3 serves as the key regulatory site controlling electroneutral na+ absorption. in this study, our results showed that the surface nhe3 content was significantly reduced following tgev infection, whereas the total level of protein expression was not significantly changed, and nhe3 activity gradually decreased with prolonged infect ... | 2020 | 32070687 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection up-regulates fcrn expression via nucleocapsid protein and secretion of tgf-β in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is a porcine intestinal coronavirus that causes fatal severe watery diarrhea in piglets. the neonatal fc receptor (fcrn) is the only igg transport receptor, its expression on mucosal surfaces is triggered upon viral stimulation, which significantly enhances mucosal immunity. we utilized tgev as a model pathogen to explore the role of fcrn in resisting viral invasion in overall intestinal mucosal immunity. tgev induced fcrn expression by activating nf-κb ... | 2019 | 32038538 |
| dynamics of transmissible gastroenteritis virus internalization unraveled by single-virus tracking in live cells. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is a swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes significant economic losses in swine industry. current studies on tgev internalization mainly focus on viral receptors, but the internalization mechanism is still unclear. in this study, we used single-virus tracking to obtain the detailed insights into the dynamic events of the tgev internalization and depict the whole sequential process. we observed that tgevs could be internalized through clathrin- ... | 2020 | 32017270 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus targets paneth cells to inhibit the self-renewal and differentiation of lgr5 intestinal stem cells via notch signaling. | infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) has been associated with villous atrophy within 48 h, which seriously disrupts intestinal homeostasis. however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. in this study, we found that tgev infection severely disrupted intestinal homeostasis via inhibition of self-renewal and differentiation in lgr5 intestinal stem cells (iscs). profoundly, tgev-encoded nsp10/nsp16 protein complex-mediated the inactivation of notch signaling provided a mech ... | 2020 | 31959773 |
| anti-tgev miller strain infection effect of lactobacillus plantarum supernatant based on the jak-stat1 signaling pathway. | transmissible gastroenteritis (tge), caused by transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), is one many gastrointestinal inflections in piglets, characterized by diarrhea, and high mortality. probiotics are ubiquitous bacteria in animal intestines, which have many functions, such as promoting intestinal peristalsis and maintaining the intestinal balance. we found that the supernatant of the lp-1 strain of lactobacillus plantarum, isolated in our laboratory, and named lp-1s had marked anti-tgev ef ... | 2019 | 31781061 |